WO2020080529A1 - 加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を抽出する方法、抽出容器、抽出液および抽出液を用いる毒性試験方法 - Google Patents
加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を抽出する方法、抽出容器、抽出液および抽出液を用いる毒性試験方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020080529A1 WO2020080529A1 PCT/JP2019/041101 JP2019041101W WO2020080529A1 WO 2020080529 A1 WO2020080529 A1 WO 2020080529A1 JP 2019041101 W JP2019041101 W JP 2019041101W WO 2020080529 A1 WO2020080529 A1 WO 2020080529A1
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- filters
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- particulate matter
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/061—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters containing additives entrapped within capsules, sponge-like material or the like, for further release upon smoking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
- G01N1/2205—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling with filters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
- A24D1/20—Cigarettes specially adapted for simulated smoking devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/062—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
- A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4055—Concentrating samples by solubility techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
- G01N2001/222—Other features
- G01N2001/2223—Other features aerosol sampling devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4055—Concentrating samples by solubility techniques
- G01N2001/4061—Solvent extraction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for extracting particulate matter in smoke of a smoking article, which is carried out by a person skilled in the field of toxic science in the field of tobacco manufacturing, and a method of extracting particulate matter in smoke of a heated smoking article. , An extraction container, an extract, and a toxicity test method using the extract.
- Flammable smoking articles such as cigarettes, typically comprise shredded tobacco (usually in the form of cut filler) surrounded by a paper wrapper that forms a tobacco rod. Cigarettes are used by consumers by igniting one end of the cigarette and burning a chopped tobacco rod. Consumers receive mainstream smoke by pulling on the opposite end (mouth end or filter end) of a burnt cigarette.
- the nicotine-containing aerosol-forming substrate such as tobacco is a heating type instead of a combustion type.
- the aerosol is produced by heating an aerosol-forming substrate.
- Known heated smoking articles include, for example, smoking articles in which an aerosol is electrically heated or produced by transfer of heat from a combustible fuel element or heat source to an aerosol-forming substrate.
- the porous or fibrous body impregnated with alcohol / ethanol / glycerin / propylene glycol or a mixed solution thereof is directly or indirectly heated with an electric heat source or a heat source by a chemical reaction. Heat to generate steam.
- the gas in which the generated vapor and the particulate matter are mixed is mixed in the air drawn through the smoking article, and the mixed gas of the vapor, the particulate matter and the air is added to the above-mentioned tobacco and tobacco leaf. Pass through chopped tobacco, reconstituted tobacco, reconstituted tobacco sheet, reconstituted tobacco granules. During this passage, the mixed gas is mixed with a gas containing a flavor component such as tobacco, leaf tobacco, chopped tobacco, and reconstituted tobacco, and volatile compounds including nicotine and various natural flavors.
- the consumer inhales the mixed gas containing the gas containing the volatile compound, that is, the mixed gas of the aerosol (particle phase component) and the gas phase component.
- the consumer draws in the gas mixture by pulling it at the end (mouth end or filter end, mouthpiece end) of the heated smoking article.
- the smoke generated from smoking articles such as cigarettes contains substances such as tar and nicotine.
- a carrier such as a filter
- a method shown by Health Canada is known as a standard for collecting and analyzing smoke components of cigarettes (Health Canada-Tobacco Reporting Regulations SOR / 2000-273, July 2018) (Non-patent document 1).
- Heating-type smoking articles generally contain less particulate matter in smoke components than flammable smoking articles such as cigarettes, and cannot trap particulate matter in a sufficient amount and concentration. Therefore, it is difficult for those skilled in the tobacco manufacturing industry to analyze smoke components, particularly those skilled in the field of toxicology, to obtain appropriate toxicity test results conventionally or publicly required.
- this method takes an enormous amount of time, and the possibility of volatilizing the components from the particulate matter captured during that time cannot be ruled out. Evaluation error may occur.
- a method using a large amount of solvent can be considered.
- the solvent is a low-toxicity solvent, the higher the concentration of the particulate matter, the more the solvent is concentrated and the concentration becomes high.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- DMSO also has weak cytotoxicity.
- the present invention aims to provide a method for extracting particulate matter in the smoke of a heated smoking article.
- the present invention also aims to provide an extraction container.
- the extraction container can be used in a method of extracting particulate matter in the smoke of a heated smoking article.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an extract containing particulate matter in the smoke of a heated smoking article.
- the present invention also relates to an in vitro toxicity test method, which comprises using an extract containing particulate matter in the smoke of a heated smoking article.
- the inventors of the present invention stack two or more particulate matter trapped on the filter and squeeze the stacked filters to extract the components trapped on the filter with high efficiency. Based on this finding, the present invention has been accomplished.
- a method for extracting particulate matter from smoke of a heated smoking article comprising: (1) The particulate matter in the smoke of the heating type smoking article is collected by two or more filters capable of capturing the particulate matter, (2) stack the two or more filters, and (3) The components attached to the filters are extracted by pressing the stacked filters, The method comprising: [Aspect 2] Step (3) (3-i) compress the stacked filters and restore them, (3-ii) Compress the stacked filters to extract the components adhering to the filters, apply the extract to the stacked filters, and compress again, or (3-iii) The method according to aspect 1, which is carried out by combining (3-i) and (3-ii).
- a storage unit that can store two or more filters in a stacked state, One or a plurality of squeezing members that squeeze the filters stored in the storage section in a stacked state;
- An extraction container comprising a reservoir communicating with the container.
- the shape of the squeezing surface for squeezing the filter by the squeezing member is a flat surface, a conical slant surface, or a convex or concave curved surface.
- a syringe-type cylinder member A sieve member having pores, which is arranged so as to partition the hollow space of the cylinder member into a proximal space and a distal space, A piston member capable of sliding in a liquid-tight manner on the base end side space of the cylinder member; Equipped with The sieving member and the piston member each constitute a squeezing member by forming a squeezing surface on their inner facing surfaces. At least a part of the proximal space between the pressing surface of the piston member and the pressing surface of the sieving member defines the accommodating portion, The distal space defines the reservoir, The extraction container according to any one of aspects 17-20.
- the extraction method of the present invention has made it possible to extract particulate matter from smoke of a heating-type smoking article with high efficiency as compared with conventional extraction methods. According to the method of the present invention, extraction with no solvent or a small amount of solvent is possible. Therefore, an in vitro toxicity test can be performed with the influence of the solvent eliminated. Furthermore, the influence of the solvent can be grasped by arbitrarily adding the solvent, and a comparative test of various types of heating smoking articles can be conducted.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an extraction container according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of a squeezing surface of a second squeezing member that constitutes the extraction container according to the first embodiment, FIG. An example in which radial grooves are formed on the surface is shown.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the extraction container according to the first embodiment, which is provided with a driving unit that drives the pressing member that constitutes the extraction container.
- 4A and 4B are diagrams of an extraction container according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a sectional view of the extraction container, and FIG. 4B is an extraction device equipped with a circulation device for circulating an extraction liquid.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the extraction container according to the first configuration example according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view of an extraction container according to a second exemplary configuration according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the extraction container according to the first configuration example according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an extraction container according to a second configuration example according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is sectional drawing of the extraction container which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a method for extracting a liquid from a filter using the extraction container according to each embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the compression and return pressures (MPa) (4 times) applied to the filter, the filter thickness (mm), and the amount of the extract. The thickness of the filter is shown by a white circle, and the amount of extract is shown by a black triangle.
- FIG. 12 shows the results of the Ames test.
- the horizontal axis represents the sample addition dose ( ⁇ g total particulate matter (TPM) eq./mL), and the vertical axis represents the number of viable cells after sample addition to the number of viable cells before sample addition (cells that have undergone cell reversion mutations). ) Is a plot of the ratio (%).
- TPM total particulate matter
- FIG. 13 shows the result of the MN test.
- the abscissa plots the added dose of the sample ( ⁇ g total particulate matter (TPM) eq./mL), and the ordinate plots the frequency of occurrence of micronuclei (MN) (MN induction) (%). is there.
- FIG. 14A shows the results of neutral red uptake activity test of DMSO extracted samples (conventional method). The abscissa plots the added dose of the sample, and the ordinate plots the percentage of the neutral red uptake of cells exposed to the sample to the neutral red uptake of cells without the sample.
- FIG. 14B shows the neutral red uptake activity test results of the SEP method.
- the abscissa plots the added dose of the sample, and the ordinate plots the percentage of the neutral red uptake of cells exposed to the sample to the neutral red uptake of cells without the sample.
- FIG. 14C shows the neutral red uptake activity test results of the SEP method.
- the abscissa plots the added dose of the sample, and the ordinate plots the percentage of the neutral red uptake of cells exposed to the sample to the neutral red uptake of cells without the sample.
- FIG. 14D shows the neutral red uptake activity test results of the SEP method.
- the abscissa plots the added dose of the sample, and the ordinate plots the percentage of the neutral red uptake of cells exposed to the sample to the neutral red uptake of cells without the sample.
- Marlboro for iQOS REGULAR (trademark) (sample A) (black circle) of heating type smoking article, heating type smoking article B (sample B) (white circle), Mevius (registered trademark) Regular for Bloom Tech ( (Black triangle) was used.
- a first aspect of the present invention relates to a method of extracting particulate matter in smoke of a heated smoking article.
- the method of extracting particulate matter in the smoke of a heated smoking article comprises: (1) The particulate matter in the smoke of the heating type smoking article is collected by two or more filters capable of capturing the particulate matter, (2) stack the two or more filters, and (3) The components attached to the filters are extracted by pressing the stacked filters, Including that.
- heated smoking articles In contrast to combustible smoking articles such as cigarettes, many "heated smoking articles" have been developed in which the nicotine-containing aerosol-forming substrate such as cigarettes is a heating type instead of a combustion type. In heated smoking articles, the aerosol is produced by heating an aerosol-forming substrate.
- Known heated smoking articles include, for example, smoking articles in which an aerosol is electrically heated or produced by transfer of heat from a combustible fuel element or heat source to an aerosol-forming substrate. During smoking, volatile compounds are released from the aerosol-forming substrate by heat transfer from a heat source and become entrained in the air drawn through the smoking article. As the released compound cools, it condenses to form an aerosol, which is inhaled by the consumer.
- the heating type smoking article of the aspect is a porous or fibrous material impregnated with alcohol, ethanol, glycerin, propylene glycol or a mixed solution thereof with an electric heat source or a heat source by a chemical reaction described above without burning tobacco.
- the mixed gas of vapor and particulate matter generated by directly or indirectly heating the object is mixed in the air drawn through the smoking article.
- the mixed gas of steam, particulate matter, and air is passed through the tobacco, reconstituted tobacco, reconstituted tobacco sheet, and reconstituted tobacco granules, in addition to the above-mentioned tobacco, to contain tobacco, leaf tobacco, and reconstituted tobacco.
- a gas containing a flavor component, a volatile compound such as nicotine or various natural flavors is mixed.
- the consumer inhales the mixed gas containing the gas containing the volatile compound, that is, the mixed gas of the aerosol (particle phase component) and the gas phase component.
- the consumer draws in the gas mixture by pulling it at the end (mouth end or filter end, mouthpiece end) of the heated smoking article.
- non-combustible smoking articles in which the nicotine-containing aerosol is produced from a tobacco material, tobacco extract, or other source of nicotine, in some cases without heating, for example by a chemical reaction. And referred to as "heated smoking article”.
- heating type smoking article includes all types of heating type smoking articles described above, unless otherwise specified.
- the "particulate matter in smoke of a heating-type smoking article” means all substances except gaseous and volatile substances in smoke generated from the heating-type smoking article, and total particulate matter (TPM, total). In some cases, it is also referred to as a particle matter).
- the particulate matter in the smoke of the heated smoking article includes water vapor, nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin, menthol, and the like.
- One of the heating-type smoking articles Philip Morris Products Societe Anonym's heating-type smoking article (Product name Marlboro (registered trademark) Heat Sticks (registered trademark) SMOOTH & PURPLE, PURPLE MENTHOL, REGULAR, and BARLARE) , MENTHOL, and MINT (trademark)) are applied to the dedicated heating type smoking device (trade name iQOS (registered trademark), iQOS2.4, iQOS2.4plus) in the particulate matter in smoke generated.
- Nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin, fructose, glucose, and trace amounts of carbon monoxide below the limit of quantification. Analysis can be performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC / MS) or the like depending on the type of component.
- the material and shape of the “filter capable of capturing particulate matter” are not particularly limited as long as they can capture the particulate matter in the smoke of the heating type smoking article.
- Usable filters include glass fiber filters, HEPA filters, ULPA filters, Cambridge filters and the like.
- a glass fiber filter is preferable.
- the shape is preferably a flat circular shape having a diameter of about 10 mm to 100 mm. More preferably, it is a flat circular shape having a diameter of 40 mm to 50 mm. More preferably, it is a flat circular shape having a diameter of 44 mm. Shapes other than circles, squares, diamonds, triangles, etc. can also be used.
- the thickness of each filter is preferably 4 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or less.
- the “filter capable of capturing particulate matter” includes a HEPA filter (High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter), which is a type of air filter capable of removing dust, dirt, and the like from the air.
- HEPA filter High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter
- the HEPA filter is "an air filter that has a particle collection rate of 99% or more for particles with a size of 0.3 ⁇ m at the rated air volume and an initial pressure loss of 245 Pa or less". It is prescribed.
- the "filter capable of trapping particulate matter” is a filter that "has a particle collection rate of 99% or more with respect to particles having a particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m at the rated air volume".
- a ULPA filter (Ultra Low Penetration Air Filter) is a filter with a higher particle collection efficiency than the HEPA filter.
- the ULPA filter is a JIS Z 8122, "air filter that has a particle collection rate of 99.9995% or more for particles having a particle size of 0.15 ⁇ m at the rated air volume and an initial pressure loss of 245 Pa or less. It is prescribed.
- a filter having the same properties as the HEPA filter or ULPA filter can also be used.
- a Cambridge filter can be used as the “filter capable of capturing particulate matter”.
- the Cambridge filter is a flat circular glass fiber filter having a diameter of about 44 or 92 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm, and is well known and widely used by those skilled in the art as a filter capable of capturing particulate matter.
- the Cambridge filter is available from Nippon Cambridge Filter Co., Ltd., Borgwalt (catalog number 80202852) and the like.
- “Collecting two or more filters capable of trapping particulate matter” may be performed, for example, by generating smoke from a heated smoking article and directly blowing the generated smoke onto the filter.
- the generation of smoke from the heating-type smoking article is described, for example, in the recommended method No. 81 (Non-Patent Document 4), it can be performed according to a predetermined mechanical smoking method (for example, negative pressure of the mechanical smoking device, suction time, suction amount, suction operation interval 30 seconds ⁇ 0.5 seconds).
- Generation of smoke from a heating-type smoking article is performed by using, for example, a sample prepared according to a humidity control / conditioning method of the heating-type smoking article defined by ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) 3402: 1999 (Non-Patent Document 5).
- Non-Patent Document 6 2012 (Non-Patent Document 6), a predetermined suction method of a smoking machine (for example, suction amount 55 mL / time, suction time: 2.0 seconds / time, suction interval: every 30 seconds) and start and end of suction. It can be performed according to the conditions of.
- the filter is replaced with the next filter when the amount of the particulate matter captured on the first filter reaches a certain level, without limitation. It is preferable to spray smoke one by one on the filter so that the smoke is similarly sprayed on the filter in (1) and so on.
- exchange is performed when the particulate matter captured by the first filter reaches 300 mg / pad or more, 400 mg / pad or more, 450 mg / pad or more, 500 mg / pad or more.
- exchange is performed when the particulate matter captured by the first filter is 800 mg / pad or less, 750 mg / pad or less, 700 mg / pad or less, 650 mg / pad or less.
- the filter is replaced in the range of 500-650 mg / pad of particulate matter captured by the first filter.
- the method involves crushing the filter by squeezing and allowing the exuding liquid (pressing liquid) to remove the particulate matter (components adhering to the filter) captured by the filter from the filter.
- the dissolved particulate matter is dissolved in the exuded liquid (pressed liquid).
- the means for "squeezing" is not particularly limited as long as it can loosen the filter and exude the liquid.
- the compression reversion of the stacked filters in step (3-i) may be repeated twice or more.
- the compression reversion of the stacked filters is repeated 2 or more times, 3 or more times, or 4 or more times.
- the compression is preferably performed at 0.01 MPa or more, 0.1 MP or more, 0.5 MP or more, 2.0 MP or more. In one aspect, the compression is preferably performed at 0.5 MPa or less, 2.0 MPa or less, 5.0 MPa or less, 10.0 MPa or less. It is desirable that the pressure is such that the fluidity of the compressed liquid is not lost.
- the pressing may be started from 0 MPa and the pressing pressure may be gradually increased. The pressing is performed in the range of 0 MPa-10.0 MPa, for example.
- the compression recovery in step (3-i) is performed twice or more, the pressure at each time may be the same or different. The pressure of the squeeze may be gradually increased with each repetition.
- step of compressing the stacked filters in step (3-ii) to extract the components adhering to the filters, the extract solution being put back on the stacked filters, and compressed again may be repeated twice or more.
- step (3-ii) is repeated 2 or more times, 3 or more times, 4 or more times.
- (3-i) and (3-ii) may be performed alone or in combination.
- the pressure and frequency of compression (pressurization) of (3-i) can be reduced.
- the filter and the extract may be shaken during the steps (3-i) and / or (3-ii).
- the degree of shaking (strength) may be, without limitation, an amplitude of 2 cm to 6 cm, and 100 to 300 reciprocations per minute. In one aspect, it may be 4 cm, 200 round trips per minute.
- step (3) is performed with the filter contained in an extraction vessel having two squeezing surfaces.
- step (3) the extract extracted by pressing is made to flow or circulate.
- step (3) it is preferable to repeat the step (3) until the thickness of the stacked filters becomes equal to or less than the predetermined thickness.
- step (3) is repeated until it becomes 1 ⁇ 2 or less before performing step (3), 1 ⁇ 3 or less, or 1 ⁇ 4 or less.
- step (3) is repeated until the filter is messed up by pressing.
- the method for extracting the particulate matter in the smoke of the heated smoking article does not use a solvent in the step (3) in one embodiment.
- a small amount of amphiphilic solvent may be added in step (3).
- the amount of the amphipathic solvent added is not particularly limited. In one embodiment, it is 400% (weight / volume) or less, more preferably 200% (weight / volume) or less, based on the filter volume. In one aspect, the amount of amphiphilic solvent added is greater than 0% (weight / volume), or greater than or equal to 10% (weight / volume).
- Amphiphilic solvents include, but are not limited to, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, acetone and the like.
- step (3) no solvent is used, or only a small amount of amphipathic solvent is used, so that, for example, in the state where the influence of the solvent in the in vitro toxicity test method to be described later is excluded, various effects on the living body can be obtained.
- the impact can be examined.
- the influence of the solvent can be grasped by arbitrarily adding the solvent, and a comparative test of various types of heated smoking articles can be conducted.
- effects such as comparison between the undiluted solution (liquid) and the aerosol collected after smoking can be obtained.
- step (3) it may further include (4) centrifugation of the filter to obtain a separated liquid; and (5) mixing the separated liquid with the extract obtained in the step (3).
- Centrifugation is not particularly limited in strength (rotation speed, time) as long as it can separate liquid components remaining in the filter even after pressing.
- the rotation speed is, for example, 1,000 rpm-6,000 rpm, preferably 3,500 rpm-5,000 rpm.
- the time is, for example, 1 minute or longer, preferably 5 minutes or longer. In one aspect, for example, centrifugation may be performed at 4000 rpm for 5 minutes.
- the separated liquid obtained by centrifugation was mixed with the squeezed liquid obtained in step (3) to obtain an extract.
- the liquid obtained in the step (3) is referred to as "pressed liquid” or “extracted liquid”.
- a mixture of the “pressed liquid” and the “separated liquid” obtained by centrifugation may be referred to as an “extracted liquid”.
- Extraction container The second aspect of the present invention relates to an extraction container.
- the extraction container is useful for extracting particulate matter from the smoke of heated smoking articles.
- the extraction container can be used in a method of extracting particulate matter in the smoke of a heated smoking article as described herein.
- each of the first to fifth embodiments of the "extraction container" which is the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- FIG. 1 shows an extraction container 1a according to the first embodiment.
- the extraction container 1a includes a first pressing member 2a and a second pressing member 3a.
- the first squeezing member 2a is provided with a substantially cylindrical recess 6, and the inner bottom surface of the recess 6 forms the first squeezing surface 4.
- the second squeezing member 3a has a tip portion 11 formed so as to be inserted into the concave portion 6 of the first squeezing member 2a, and the tip portion 11 has a groove 9 formed along the outer periphery of the side surface thereof.
- An O-ring 12 is fitted in the groove 9 so as to engage with the inner surface of the recess 6. That is, the second squeezing member 3a is formed so as to be liquid-tightly slidable in the recess 6 of the first squeezing member 2a.
- positioned facing the said 1st pressing surface 4 define the accommodating part 8 between them.
- the storage portion 8 can store the two or more filter members 7 in a stacked state.
- the “extraction container” is used in the "method for extracting particulate matter in smoke of a heating-type smoking article" which is the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the first embodiment of the present invention is used as the filter member 7.
- the filters described in the first and third modes and the examples can be used.
- a reservoir 10 is formed on the second squeezing member 3a, and the reservoir 10 communicates with the housing portion 8 via a thin tube 13 extending from the reservoir 10.
- a trumpet-shaped opening 14 may be formed in the vicinity of the second squeezing surface 4 in order to facilitate collection of the liquid in the storage portion 8.
- the second squeezing surface 5 of the second squeezing member 3a may be formed in a flat shape in a region other than the opening 14 as shown in FIG. 2 (a). More preferably, as shown in FIG. 2B, a plurality of grooves 15 are formed radially in the radial direction around the opening 14.
- the second squeezing member 3a can slide in the recess 6 of the first squeezing member 2a in a liquid-tight manner, so that the first squeezing member 2a and the second squeezing member 3a are positioned relative to each other.
- Relative movement that is, the first and second squeezing surfaces 4, 5 can be moved closer to each other or separated from each other.
- the driving means for the first and second pressing members 2a, 3a that bring about this relative movement for example, the configuration shown in FIG.
- the brewing container 1 a equipped with a driving means includes a housing 20 for housing the brewing container 1 a, a lid portion 21 of the housing 20, and a screw through hole 22 formed in a central portion of the lid portion 21.
- the bearing portion 25 is rotatably supported at its end portion and is fixed to the opening top portion of the reservoir 10 of the second pressing member 3a.
- the first squeezing member 2a of the extraction container 1a is fixed to the bottom plate of the housing 20 with a bolt 30, the second squeezing member 3a is fixed to the bottom plate 26 of the bearing portion 25 overhanging with a bolt 31, and the lid portion 21 is , Are fixed to the housing 20 with bolts 32.
- step 100 two or more filter members 7 that have trapped the particulate matter are stacked and placed in the housing portion 8 (step 100).
- step 102 is performed by rotating the handle 24 in the direction in which the threaded rod 24 is drawn into the housing 20 (direction A in FIG. 3), as described above.
- step 104 is performed by rotating the handle 24 in the direction in which the screw rod 24 is pulled out from the housing 20 (direction B in FIG. 3), as described above.
- the compression process of step 102 and the recovery process of step 104 count as one compression-recovery cycle.
- the pressure described above in the first embodiment of the present invention or the pressure described later in the third embodiment of the present invention is used.
- step 106 it is determined whether the number of compression-recovery cycles executed in steps 102 and 104 is less than M.
- M is set to an integer of 2 or more.
- step 106 If the number of compression-recovery cycles is less than M (affirmative determination in step 106), the process returns to step 102 and the compression-recovery cycle is repeated again.
- the filter member 7 is squeezed and the liquid containing the trapped particulate matter is extracted.
- the extract liquid permeates from the opening 14 through the thin tube 13 into the reservoir 10.
- the second squeezing surface 5 is provided with the groove 15 as shown in FIG. 2 (b)
- the extraction liquid passes through the groove 15 more smoothly, passes through the narrow tube 13 from the opening 14, and passes through the reservoir 10. Leaches into.
- step 108 the extract leached into the reservoir 10 is collected and returned to the filter member 7 in the housing portion 8. This return process is counted once.
- the extraction and leaching of the extract leached in the reservoir 10 are performed using, for example, a pipette. Further, when the extract is recovered, the first squeezing surface 4 and the second squeezing surface 5 are returned from the separated state to the close state, so that a larger amount of the extract solution is leached into the reservoir 10 and then performed. Is preferred.
- N is set to an integer of 2 or more.
- step 110 If the number of times the extract is fed back is less than N (affirmative determination in step 110), the process returns to step 102 again, the compression-return cycle is repeated M times, and the extract is collected and returned.
- the extract leached into the reservoir 10 is finally collected with a pipette or the like.
- the recovered extract is used for the analysis of particulate matter.
- a step of shaking the extraction container 1a can be added after the compression-recovery cycle of steps 102 and 104 in FIG.
- the direction in which the extraction container 1a is shaken is preferably, for example, a lateral direction along the pressing surface (in the example of FIG. 3, a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the screw rod 23), but is not limited thereto.
- step 102 of FIG. 10 not only compression by pressing the pressing surfaces 4 and 5 but also a step of rotating the pressing surfaces 4 and 5 relative to each other may be added.
- a step of rotating the pressing surfaces 4 and 5 relative to each other By rotating the squeezing surfaces 4 and 5 relative to each other, not only the compressive force but also the twisting force is applied to the stacked filter members 7, and the liquid extraction effect can be further improved.
- step 102 of FIG. 10 as described above in “Method for extracting particulate matter in smoke of heated smoking article”, the amphipathic solvent may be added to the filter member 7 and compression may be performed. . Of course, compression without solvent is also possible.
- the compression-return cycle is performed N times for each M compression-recovery cycles, that is, a total of M ⁇ N compression-recovery cycles are performed.
- step 108 moves between steps 104 and 106, and step 110 is deleted.
- the timing of the back-and-back process can be appropriately changed other than this, and the embodiment of the present invention includes an arbitrary combination of the compression-return cycle and the back-and-back process.
- the squeezing is performed by rotating the handle 24 manually, but an electric drive means such as a motor may be used instead of the handle 24. Further, the squeezing member may squeeze the filter member 7 directly or indirectly by the piezoelectric actuator.
- the second pressing member 3a was moved, but the first pressing member 2a may be moved, or both the first and second pressing members may be moved.
- step 106 conditions are set so that the compression-return cycle is continued until the thickness of the laminated filter member 7 becomes a thickness equal to or less than a predetermined ratio (for example, 1/3) before the start of the compression-return cycle. It can be changed.
- a predetermined ratio for example, 1/3
- the reservoir 10 is formed inside the second pressing member 3a, but the reservoir 10 may be formed inside the first pressing member 2a, or the first pressing member 3a. It may be formed on both 2a and the second pressing member 3a.
- the second embodiment relates to an extraction container provided with a mechanism for circulating an extraction liquid without using a pipette, which will be described below with reference to FIG.
- symbol is attached
- the extraction container 1b includes a first pressing member 2b and a second pressing member 3b.
- the second squeezing member 3b is formed so as to be liquid-tightly slidable in the recess 6 of the first squeezing member 2b, and the first squeezing surface 4 and the second squeezing surface 5 are housed between them.
- a part 8 is defined, and the housing part 8 can house two or more filter members 7 in a stacked state.
- the first squeezing member 2b has a first cavity 40 that functions as a tube connector for a circulation tube described later, and the second squeezing member 3b has a second cavity that functions as a tube connector for a circulation tube. It has a part 45.
- a large-diameter portion 41, a medium-diameter portion 42, and a small-diameter portion 43, each having three different diameters, are formed in the first hollow portion 40.
- the large-diameter portion 41 opens at the bottom of the first squeezing member 2b, and is connected to the escape port 44 of the circulation tube formed as a cutout on the side surface of the first squeezing member 2b.
- the small diameter portion 43 is open at the first squeezing surface 4, whereby the first cavity portion 40 communicates with the accommodation portion 8.
- the second cavity portion 45 is formed with a large diameter portion 46, a medium diameter portion 47, and a small diameter portion 48 each having three different diameters.
- the large-diameter portion 46 opens at the top of the second pressing member 3b and is connected to the escape port 49 of the circulation tube formed as a cutout on the side surface of the second pressing member 3b.
- the small diameter portion 48 is open at the second pressing surface 5, so that the second hollow portion 45 communicates with the accommodation portion 8.
- FIG. 4B shows a state in which the circulation tube 50 is attached to the extraction container 1b.
- one end portion 51 of the circulation tube 50 is inserted into the large diameter portion 41 of the first cavity portion 40, and the other end portion 52 of the circulation tube 50 is formed into the second end portion 52.
- the circulation tube 50 is attached to the extraction container 1b by being inserted into the large diameter portion 46 of the hollow portion 45 of FIG.
- a peristaltic pump 53 is attached to the circulation tube 50. When the peristaltic pump 53 is driven to draw from one end 51 of the circulation tube 50, the extract liquid in the storage portion 8 passes through the small diameter portion 43 and the medium diameter portion 42 of the first hollow portion 40 and the circulation tube 50.
- the driving means shown in FIG. 3 may be attached to the extraction container 1b according to the second embodiment, for example.
- the direction of the circulation tube can be changed by bending one end 51 of the circulation tube 50 at the escape port 44. Therefore, even if the bottom surface of the first squeezing member 2b is attached to, for example, the housing 20 of FIG. 3, it is possible to avoid this and appropriately arrange the circulation tube 50.
- the bearing portion 25 of FIG. 3 is attached to the top of the second pressing member 3b by bending the other end portion 52 of the circulation tube 50 at the escape port 49, avoid this.
- the circulation tube 50 can be appropriately arranged.
- the first hollow portion 40 and the second hollow portion 45 are the reservoir 10 in the first embodiment. Will also play a role.
- the liquid can be extracted from the filter member 7 according to the flowchart of FIG. 10 by using the extraction container 1b according to the second embodiment.
- the “collection of the extract and the return to the filter” in step 108 of FIG. 10 corresponds to the “circulation of the extract through the circulation hose 50 and the housing 8” by the peristaltic pump 53.
- the “number of times the extract is returned and returned” in step 110 is, for example, the number of times when “driving the peristaltic pump 53 for a predetermined time to circulate the extract” is counted once, or “extract is It is also possible to count that one round from the accommodation section 8 to the accommodation section 8 via the circulation tube 50.
- step 112 one of the ends 51 and 52 of the circulation tube 50 on the discharge side of the extract is removed from the extraction container 1b, and the extract is separated from the removed end using the peristaltic pump 53, for example, for analysis.
- the extract is finally collected by discharging it into a container or the like.
- the threshold M in step 106 and the threshold N in step 110 are small, for example.
- the reservoir is formed inside the first squeezing member or the second squeezing member.
- the third embodiment has a configuration in which the reservoir is provided on the outer periphery of the housing portion 8 of the filter member 7, and will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.
- symbol is attached
- FIG. 5 shows an extraction container 1c according to the first configuration example of the third embodiment.
- the extraction container 1c is provided with the 1st pressing member 2c and the 2nd pressing member 3c similarly to 1st Embodiment.
- the second squeezing member 3c is formed so as to be liquid-tightly slidable in the recess 6 of the first squeezing member 2c, and the first squeezing surface 4 and the second squeezing surface 5 are housed between them.
- a part 8 is defined, and the housing part 8 can house two or more filter members 7 in a stacked state.
- the reservoir 54 there is an empty space on the outer periphery of the accommodation portion 8, and this entire space forms the reservoir 54.
- the reservoir 54 has an annular groove 55 formed on the outer circumference of the first pressing surface 4.
- FIG. 6 shows an extraction container 1d according to the second configuration example of the third embodiment.
- the extraction container 1d includes a first squeezing member 2d and a second squeezing member 3d, and has a reservoir 56 on the outer periphery of the storage section 8.
- the reservoir 56 of the extraction container 1d has an annular groove 57 on the outer periphery of the second compressed surface 5 in contrast to the annular groove 55 formed on the first compressed surface 4 in the first configuration example.
- the other points are similar to those of the first configuration example.
- the pressing surfaces 4 and 5 are formed as flat surfaces, but the present invention is not limited to this example.
- An example in which the compression surface is not a flat surface will be described as a fourth embodiment with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
- FIG. 7 shows an extraction container 1e according to the first configuration example of the fourth embodiment.
- the extraction container 1e has the same basic configuration as the extraction container 1c shown in FIG. 5, but the first pressing surface 4e and the second pressing surface 5e are not flat surfaces but spherical surfaces.
- the spherical surface of the first compression surface 4e is concave and the spherical surface of the second compression surface 5e is convex, but the configuration may be reversed.
- the radius of the spherical surface of the first pressing surface 4e and the second pressing surface 5e is substantially the same so that both pressing surfaces can be fitted.
- the “spherical surface” in the fourth embodiment may be a convex (or concave) curved surface as a whole, and may be another quadric surface such as an elliptic surface, a paraboloid, or a hyperboloid, or a quadric or higher surface
- quadric surface such as an elliptic surface, a paraboloid, or a hyperboloid, or a quadric or higher surface
- the higher-order curved surface of may be used.
- FIG. 8 shows an extraction container 1f according to a second configuration example of the fourth embodiment.
- the extraction container 1f has the same basic configuration as the extraction container 1d shown in FIG. 6, except that the first pressing surface 4f and the second pressing surface 5f are not flat but are formed as conical slopes.
- the conical slope of the first compression surface 4f is concave and the conical slope of the second compression surface 5f is convex, but the converse may be adopted.
- the slope angles of the first compression surface 4f and the second compression surface 5f are substantially the same so that both compression surfaces can be fitted.
- the shapes of the first and second compressed surfaces according to the fourth embodiment are applicable not only to the third embodiment but also to other embodiments.
- the fifth embodiment relates to a syringe-type extraction container, which will be described below with reference to FIG. 9.
- an extraction container 1g has a syringe type cylinder member (first pressing member) 2g having a hollow space 6g (recess) and a piston member (second). Squeezing member) 3g.
- the cylinder member (first squeezing member) 2g is a sieve having pores (capillary tubes) arranged so as to partition the hollow space 6g (recess) into the proximal space 62 and the distal space (reservoir) 10g. It has a member 60 and a tip portion 61 in which a pipe for ejecting the extraction liquid is formed.
- a groove 9 is formed along the outer periphery of the side surface of the piston member (second pressing member) 3g, and an O-ring 12 is fitted in the groove 9 so as to engage with the inner side surface of the proximal space 62.
- the piston member (second pressing member) 3g can slide in a liquid-tight manner in the proximal space 62 of the cylinder member (first pressing member) 2g.
- the sieving member 60 and the piston member (second squeezing member) 3g have their inner facing surfaces forming a first squeezing surface 4g and a second squeezing surface 5g, respectively. At least a part of the proximal space 62 between the first compression surface 4g and the second compression surface 5g defines the accommodating portion 8g of the stacked filter members 7.
- the piston member (second squeezing member) 3g is slid in the cylinder member (first squeezing member) 2g so that the storage portion 8g
- the compression-recovery cycle described in the first embodiment with reference to FIG. 10 can be executed for the filter member 7 of FIG.
- the liquid is extracted from the filter member 7 that has undergone the compression-recovery cycle, and the extracted liquid permeates from the pores of the sieving member 60 into the tip side space (reservoir) 10g.
- the extraction container 1g by arranging the extraction container 1g so that the tip portion 61 faces downward and closing the opening of the tip portion 61, it is possible to store the extraction liquid in the tip side space (reservoir) 10g. Become.
- the extraction container 1g if the extraction container 1g is arranged so that the tip 61 faces downward, the extraction liquid stored in the tip side space (reservoir) 10g due to gravity is sieved. After passing through the pores of the member 60, it is put back to the filter member 7 again.
- the extraction container 1g according to the fifth embodiment is configured as a syringe type, the compression-return cycle and the back-and-back process can be executed very easily, and the operability can be greatly improved.
- Extraction liquid containing particulate matter in smoke of heated smoking article is a smoke of heated smoking article obtained by a method of extracting particulate matter in smoke of heated smoking article. An extract containing particulate matter therein.
- the extract contains the particulate matter in the smoke of the heated smoking article at a sufficient concentration effective for being subjected to the in vitro toxicity test described later.
- the “sufficient concentration effective for subjecting to in vitro toxicity test etc.” is, for example, a concentration at which the cytotoxicity becomes 55 ⁇ 5% using a predetermined cytotoxicity parameter at the highest concentration.
- the particulate matter in the smoke of the heated smoking article contained in the extract comprises one or more of a substance selected from water vapor, nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin, menthol, fructose, glucose and carbon monoxide.
- the extract contains these particulates in proportions that reflect the proportions contained in the smoke of the heated smoking article.
- the extract contains 40% (weight / weight) or more, preferably 45% (weight / weight) or more of “glycerin + PG + water”.
- the extract contains no solvent. In one aspect, the extract may contain only a small amount of amphipathic solvent. In one aspect, the extract may comprise up to 400% by weight, preferably up to 200% by weight of amphiphilic solvent.
- An extract containing no solvent or containing only a small amount of an amphipathic solvent can avoid the influence of the solvent in the in vitro toxicity test method described later, for example. Furthermore, the influence of the solvent can be grasped by arbitrarily adding the solvent, and a comparative test of various types of heating smoking articles can be conducted.
- the extract is for use in an in vitro toxicity test.
- the in vitro toxicity test is a micronucleus test or an Ames test. "In vitro toxicity test is described in detail in” 4. In vitro toxicity test method ".
- the present invention also relates to an in vitro toxicity test method.
- the in vitro toxicity test method comprises using the extract containing particulate matter in the smoke of a heated smoking article obtained by the method of the present invention.
- In vitro toxicity test methods include bacterial reverse mutation test (Ames test, Ames test), micronucleus test (MN test), neutral red test, etc.
- Ames test In the bacterial reverse mutation test (Ames test, Ames test), point mutations are detected using Salmonella and Escherichia coli strains that require amino acids. This point mutation involves the substitution, addition or deletion of one to a few DNA base pairs.
- the principle of this test is to detect mutations in which the mutations in the test strain are reverted to restore the functional ability to synthesize essential amino acids. Revertant strains are detected by their ability to grow in the absence of amino acids required by the parental test strain. It is called a cell reverse mutation test because it means that a bacterium modified so that amino acid synthesis cannot be performed will revert to the original amino acid synthesis of the bacterium by mutation.
- the Ames test can be performed, for example, in accordance with “Bacterial reverse mutation test” (OECD / OCDE TG471) of “OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemical Tests” (adopted July 21, 1997).
- the micronucleus test is a genotoxicity test aimed at detecting micronuclei (MN) in the intracellular chambers of interphase cells. Micronuclei arise from acentric chromosomal fragments (lack of centromeres) or whole chromosomes that cannot move to the poles of the cell during late cell division. In this test, cells undergoing cell division are exposed to a test substance, and the chromosomal aberration-inducing activity or aneuploidy-inducing activity of the chemical substance is detected during or after the exposure.
- the MN test can be performed according to, for example, “INVITRO mammalian cell micronucleus test” (OECD / OCDE TG487) of “OECD Guideline for Chemical Tests” (adopted September 26, 2014).
- Example 1 Extraction of Particulate Matter in Smoke of a Heated Smoking Article by Solventless Extraction Method
- SEP solventless extraction method
- a smoking device (Borgwalt, product name Smoking Machine, product number RM20H), a predetermined suction method (suction amount 55 mL / time, suction time: 2 seconds / time, suction interval: 30 seconds), heating type smoking Articles (types generated by the transfer of heat from a heat source to an aerosol-forming substrate, heated smoking articles by Philip Morris Products Societe Anonyme (trade name: Marlboro (registered trademark) HeatSticks (registered trademark) SMOOTH REGULAR) Smoke was generated from a dedicated heating smoking device (trade name: iQOS (registered trademark), iQOS2.4, Phillip Morris Co., Ltd.) Smoke components were collected by spraying onto a Cambridge filter (CF) (obtained from Borgwalt). Specifically, the first CF is 500-650mg. When it reached / pad, the CF was replaced with the next CF, and by repeating this, the smoke component was continuously collected on 10 to 15 CFs.
- CF
- the obtained 10 to 15 CFs were stacked and housed in a hermetically-sealed pressurized container (FIGS. 5, 6, 7, and 8) having an inner size 20 mm larger than the maximum size of the CF.
- the accommodated CF was squeezed by repeating compression (press, rightward arrow) and restoration (release, leftward arrow) four times according to the schedule shown in FIG. 11.
- the CF and the squeezing liquid coming out of the CF by squeezing were especially shaken in the sealed pressure vessel. Shaking was performed at 4 cm and 200 reciprocations per minute. After squeezing, CF was taken out of the solution and centrifuged (4000 rpm, 5 minutes) to obtain a separated liquid. The squeezed liquid and the separated liquid were mixed to obtain an extract.
- Fig. 11 shows changes in the CF thickness and the amount of extracted liquid (mL) at each of the first and fourth compression recovery.
- the result of FIG. 11 is an average value of three experiments. In this experiment, since the fluidity of the squeezed liquid disappears during shaking when excessive compression is applied, 10 Mpa was the upper limit.
- an extract containing particulate matter at a concentration of 1000 mg / mL was prepared.
- Example 2 Water Recovery Rate in Extraction of Particulate Matter in Smoke of Heating-Type Smoking Article by Solvent-Free Extraction Method
- 8.000 mL of water was added into a sealed pressure vessel, and the extraction was performed.
- the water addition recovery rate was investigated when the method was used.
- the water addition recovery rate was 91.5% on average over three times, and the solution recovery rate was 90% or more. This is a recovery rate equivalent to that of the conventional extraction method using, for example, DMSO.
- Example 3 Main component composition of particulate matter extracted from smoke of heating type smoking article
- the heated smoking article used was a heated smoking article (type generated by transfer of heat from a heat source to an aerosol-forming substrate, iQOS, Philip Morris).
- SEP solventless extraction method
- Continuous extraction refers to the work of extracting multiple glass fiber filters with the same extraction liquid. When the predetermined concentration is not reached in one extraction, continuous extraction is performed. Continuous extraction with DMSO was performed as follows.
- PG propylene glycol
- G glycerin
- the main component composition of the particulate matter extracted by SEP is similar to IPA extraction and DMSO extraction (low concentration), and SEP is obtained by appropriately extracting the main ingredient of the particulate matter in the smoke of the heating-type smoking article.
- Example 4 Bacterial reverse mutation test and micronucleus test
- SEP solventless extraction method
- MN test micronucleus test
- Ames Test was performed in accordance with “Bacterial reverse mutation test” (OECD / OCDE TG471) of “OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemical Tests” (adopted July 21, 1997). Specifically, it carried out as follows.
- test bacterial strains (Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and TA102) obtained from the National Institute of Health Sciences (Kanagawa, Japan) were used in the presence and absence of a metabolic activation system.
- the total particulate matter (TPM) fraction was tested for mutagenicity.
- TA98, TA100, and TA102 were furylfluamide (Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), and TA1535 was sodium azide (Fuji Film Wako Pure). Yaku Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) and TA1537 ICR-191 (Sigma Aldrich; St. Louis, MO, USA) were used.
- TA102 and TA1535 were treated with 2-aminoanthracene (Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), and TA98, TA100 and TA1537 were treated with benzopyrene (Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). , Tokyo, Japan). Only DMSO was used as a solvent control.
- reaction mixture was mixed with thawed upper agar (top agar) and plated on a minimum glucose agar plate.
- the plates were incubated at 37 ° C ⁇ 1 ° C for 48-72 hours and revertants per plate were automatically counted. The average number of revertants was calculated based on the results of 3 plates. Two or three independent tests were performed using the independently prepared test samples.
- JMP version 10.0.2 SAS Institute Japan, Tokyo, Japan was used to determine the slope parameter (ie, The linear coefficient) was calculated.
- MN test was performed in accordance with "IN VITRO mammalian cell micronucleus test" (OECD / OCDE TG487) of "OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemical Tests" (adopted September 26, 2014). Specifically, it carried out as follows.
- the CHO ⁇ U cell line purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) was used for the analysis. Cells were maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) at 37 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.
- TPM Total particulate matter
- the cell suspension (2 ⁇ 10 4 cells / well) was pre-incubated for 24 hours ⁇ 3 hours before treatment.
- cell cultures were treated with test samples (SEP samples or DMSO extracted samples) for 3 hours ⁇ 15 minutes with or without S9 mix containing Arcolor 1254-induced rat liver homogenate. Processed. After removal of the test sample, the cells were incubated for 21 hours ⁇ 1 hour.
- cells were incubated for 24 hours ⁇ 1 hour in the absence of metabolic activation system.
- mitomycin C Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) in the absence of metabolic activation and cyclophosphamide (Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) in the presence of metabolic activation.
- DMSO alone was used as a solvent control.
- Non-Patent Document 10 The genotoxicity of each sample is described in Matsushima et al. , 1999, Environ. Pollut. 64, 121-132 (Non-Patent Document 10).
- the Cochrane-Armitage binomial test was used to investigate the dose dependence of MN frequency. Fisher's exact test was used to assess whether the MN frequency was significantly increased at one or more concentrations of the test sample relative to the parallel solvent controls.
- test sample was determined to be genotoxic if the results of both statistical tests were significant and reproducible in two independent experiments.
- logistic regression analysis was performed on the data up to the concentration at which the MN frequency reached the maximum value.
- the gradient parameter of logistic counting was identified as genotoxic activity.
- Data analysis was performed using JMP version 10.0.2 (SAS Institute Japan, Tokyo, Japan).
- FIG. 12 shows the results of the Ames test.
- the horizontal axis represents the sample addition dose ( ⁇ g total particulate matter (TPM) eq./mL), and the vertical axis represents the number of viable cells after sample addition to the number of viable cells before sample addition (cells that have undergone cell reversion mutation). ) Is a plot of the ratio (%).
- FIG. 13 shows the result of the MN test.
- the abscissa plots the added dose of the sample ( ⁇ g total particulate matter (TPM) eq./mL), and the ordinate plots the frequency of occurrence of micronuclei (MN) (MN induction) (%). is there.
- OECD / OCDE TG487 states, "The maximum concentration is 55.5 ⁇ 5% of cytotoxicity.” "Concentration of test substance Should be selected to cover a range from those that produce 55.5 ⁇ 5% cytotoxicity to those that exhibit little or no cytotoxicity. " Only 40% exposure was possible (Fig. 12, normal). Dose 2000 ⁇ g TPMeq. This is because the dose higher than 1 ml / ml exceeds the additional dose of 2% where the cytotoxicity of DMSO solvent can be mixed. When the DMSO extracted sample was used, it could not be confirmed until the MN-induced downturn. (Fig. 13, normal). All of these are insufficient results for the MN test.
- Cigarette Samples The Kentucky Reference Cigarette 3R4F has been provided by the University of Kentucky for Research purposes by the Tobacco and Health Research Institute with cigarettes. (Partially modified from 2008-544938).
- Sample A heated smoking article (trade name: Marlboro for) manufactured by Philip Morris Products Societe Anonym, a type in which aerosol is generated by transfer of heat from a heat source inserted inside a heated smoking article to an aerosol-forming substrate.
- iQOS REGULAR (trademark) was used as a dedicated heating type smoking device (trade name iQOS2.4 (registered trademark)) manufactured by Philip Morris Products Societe Anonym.
- Sample B a type in which an aerosol is generated by the transfer of heat from a heat source arranged on the outer periphery of the heating type smoking article to the aerosol-forming substrate was used as a dedicated heating type smoking device.
- Sample C heated smoking article Mevius (Registered trademark) Regular for Bloom Tech (manufactured by Japan Tobacco Inc.) was used with the enclosed cartomizer and a dedicated smoking device (Ploom (registered trademark) Tech). The sample was stored at 4 ° C. until just before the start of the next humidity control / conditioning.
- ACM aerosol collected mass
- DMSO extraction solution of smoke / aerosol extracted by a conventional method was adjusted by adding a DMSO solvent so as to be 100 mg / mL in terms of the TPM / ACM weight weighed in advance in this example.
- the smoke / aerosol solution extracted by the SEP method was used as an in vitro test sample without adjustment.
- the CHO-K1 cell suspension (1.0 ⁇ 10 4 cells / well) was pre-incubated in 96 well microtiter plates for 24 hours ⁇ 2 hours. Cells were treated with total particulate matter (TPM) fraction for 24 hours. Sodium dodecyl sulfate was used as a positive control. Only DMSO or CMF-PBS (calcium-magnesium free-PBS) was used as a solvent control for the TPM or GVP test, respectively.
- TPM total particulate matter
- the cytotoxicity at each treatment level was expressed as the relative absorbance with the solvent control of the parallel runs.
- a non-linear regression analysis was performed on the relationship between relative absorbance and concentration based on the least squares method with the logistic coefficient to calculate IC50 values for comparison of cytotoxic activity between relaxed samples.
- the IC50 value was calculated by inverse estimation of the effective concentration at the time when the absorbance was reduced to 50% of the value of the solvent control for simultaneous parallelization. Calculations were performed using JMP version 10.0.2 (SAS Institute Japan, Tokyo, Japan).
- FIG. 14 the horizontal axis represents the dose of the sample added, and the vertical axis represents the percentage of the neutral red uptake amount of the cells exposed to the sample with respect to the neutral red uptake amount of the cells without the sample.
- the conventional method (DMSO) was performed once (FIG. 14A) and the SEP method was performed three times (three independent tests in FIGS. 14B to 14D).
- the heating-type smoking article sample was exposed to both the sample A heating-type smoking article iQOS and the sample B heating-type smoking article B to such an extent that the neutral red uptake activity disappeared. It was possible (FIG. 14B, same C, same D). Regarding Sample C heating type smoking article PlumTech, exposure was possible up to about 90% neutral red uptake activity (FIGS. 14B, C, and D).
- the SEP method is a method of extracting the undiluted solution of the aerosol generated by the heating type smoking article in principle, but the undiluted solution of the PloomTech sample has an upper limit of 20000 ⁇ g / ml of TPM.
- the neutral red uptake activity test using the aerosol component of the heated smoking article as a sample can be completed with the sample obtained by the SEP method.
- the heat source arranged on the outer periphery of the heating type smoking article. Comparative tests could be performed on heated smoking articles, infused heated smoking articles, and various types of heated smoking articles in which aerosol is generated by the transfer of heat to an aerosol-forming substrate.
Abstract
Description
[態様1]
加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を抽出する方法であって、
(1)加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を、粒子状物質を捕捉可能なフィルターを2枚以上に捕集し、
(2)前記2枚以上のフィルターを重ね、そして、
(3)重ねたフィルターを圧搾することによりフィルターに付着した成分を抽出する、
ことを含む、前記方法。
[態様2]
(3)の工程を、
(3-i)前記重ねたフィルターを圧縮し、復帰させる、
(3-ii)前記重ねたフィルターを圧縮してフィルターに付着した成分を抽出し、抽出液を重ねたフィルターにかけて、再び圧縮する、あるいは、
(3-iii)(3-i)と(3-ii)を組み合わせて行う
ことによって行う、態様1に記載の方法。
[態様3]
(3-i)の前記重ねたフィルターの圧縮復帰を2回以上繰り返す、態様2に記載の方法。
[態様4]
(3-i)および/または(3-ii)の工程の際に、フィルターと抽出液とを振とうする、態様2に記載の方法。
[態様5]
(3-ii)前記重ねたフィルターを圧縮してフィルターに付着した成分を抽出し、抽出液を重ねたフィルターにかけ戻して、再び圧縮することを、2回以上繰り返す、態様2に記載の方法。
[態様6]
工程(3)を、2つの圧搾面を有する抽出容器内にフィルターを収めて行う、態様1-5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[態様7]
工程(3)において、圧搾により抽出された抽出液を流動または循環させる、態様1-6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[態様8]
フィルターを3枚以上使用する、態様1-7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[態様9]
フィルターを10枚-15枚使用する、態様1-8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[態様10]
重ねたフィルターの厚さが工程(3)を行う前の1/3以下になるまで、工程(3)を繰り返す、態様1-9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[態様11]
工程(3)において溶媒を使用しない、態様1-10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[態様12]
工程(3)において、フィルター容積に対して0%(重量/容積)より多く、400%(重量/容積)以下の量の両親媒性溶媒を加える、態様1-10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[態様13]
圧縮を10MPa以下で行う、態様1-12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[態様14]
フィルターがガラス繊維フィルターである、態様1-13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[態様15]
フィルターが、定格風量で、粒径が0.3μmの粒子に対して99%以上の粒子捕集率を有するフィルターである、態様1-14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[態様16]
さらに、
(4)フィルターを遠心分離し分離液を得る;そして
(5)工程(3)で得られた抽出液に分離液を混合する
ことを含む、態様1-15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
[態様17]
2枚以上のフィルターを重ねた状態で収容可能な収容部と、
前記収容部に重ねた状態で収容されたフィルターを圧搾する1または複数の圧搾部材と、
前記収容部と連通するリザーバーと
を含む、抽出容器。
[態様18]
前記圧搾部材によりフィルターを圧搾する圧搾面の形状が、平面、錐形の斜面または凸状若しくは凹状の曲面、のいずれかである、態様17の抽出容器。
[態様19]
前記圧搾部材によりフィルターを圧搾する圧搾面が2面ある、態様17または18の抽出容器。
[態様20]
2つの前記圧搾面が互いに回転摺動する、態様19の抽出容器。
[態様21]
前記リザーバーが、前記収容部の上方および下方の少なくともいずれかに配置される、態様17-20に記載の抽出容器。
[態様22]
前記リザーバーが前記収容部の外周に設けられている、態様17-20のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。
[態様23]
前記リザーバーは前記圧搾面の少なくとも1つを貫通する細管を通して前記収容部と連通している、態様17-21のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。
[態様24]
前記圧搾部材の圧搾面に溝が設けられている、態様17-23のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。
[態様25]
前記圧搾部材を2つ有し、該2つの圧搾部材は各々の圧搾面を対向させた状態で移動可能であり、
前記2つの圧搾部材の各々対向する圧搾面の間の空間が前記収容部を画成する、態様17-24のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。
[態様26]
前記2つの圧搾部材のうち一方が凹部を有し、該凹部の内側底面が圧搾面を形成し、
前記2つの圧搾部材のうち他方がその圧搾面を前記内側底面に向けた状態で前記凹部内を液密に摺動可能である、態様25に記載の抽出容器。
[態様27]
注射器型のシリンダー部材と、
前記シリンダー部材の中空空間を基端側空間と先端側空間とに仕切るように配置された、細孔を有するふるい部材と、
前記シリンダー部材の前記基端側空間を液密に摺動可能なピストン部材と、
を備え、
前記ふるい部材および前記ピストン部材は、それらの内側対向する面が圧搾面を各々形成して前記圧搾部材を構成し、
前記ピストン部材の圧搾面と前記ふるい部材の圧搾面との間の前記基端側空間の少なくとも一部が前記収容部を画成し、
前記先端側空間が前記リザーバーを画成する、
態様17-20のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。
[態様28]
リザーバーに回収された抽出液が流動または循環される、態様17-27のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。
[態様29]
態様1-16のいずれか1項に記載の方法に使用するための態様17-28のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。
[態様30]
態様1-16のいずれか1項に記載の方法によって得られた、加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を含む抽出液。
[態様31]
溶媒を含まない、態様30に記載の抽出液。
[態様32]
in vitroの毒性試験に用いるための態様30または31に記載の抽出液。
[態様33]
in vitroの毒性試験が、小核試験またはエームズ試験である、態様32に記載の抽出液。
[態様34]
態様1-16のいずれか1項に記載の方法によって得られた、加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を含む抽出液を用いる、in vitroの毒性試験方法。
本発明の第1の形態は、加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を抽出する方法に関する。
一態様において、加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を抽出する方法は、
(1)加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を、粒子状物質を捕捉可能なフィルターを2枚以上に捕集し、
(2)前記2枚以上のフィルターを重ね、そして、
(3)重ねたフィルターを圧搾することによりフィルターに付着した成分を抽出する、
ことを含む。
加熱式喫煙物品からの煙の発生は、例えば、ISO(the International Organization for Standardization) 3402:1999(非特許文献5)が定める加熱式喫煙物品の調湿・調和法に従い用意した試料を用い、ISO 3308:2012(非特許文献6)が定める喫煙機の所定の吸引方式(例えば、吸引量55mL/回、吸引時間:2.0秒/回、吸引間隔:30秒毎)および吸引の開始および終了の条件に従い行うことができる。
理論に縛られるわけではないが、当該方法は、圧搾によりフィルターをもみほぐし、滲み出た液体(圧搾液)でフィルターに捕捉された粒子状物質(フィルターに付着した成分)をフィルターから脱離させ、滲み出た液体(圧搾液)に脱離した粒子状物質を溶解させる、というものである。「圧搾」の手段は、フィルターをもみほぐし、液体を滲み出させることができる手段であれば、特に限定されない。
(3-i)前記重ねたフィルターを圧縮し、復帰させる、
(3-ii)前記重ねたフィルターを圧縮してフィルターに付着した成分を抽出し、抽出液を重ねたフィルターにかけて、再び圧縮する、あるいは、
(3-iii)(3-i)と(3-ii)を組み合わせて行う。
(4)フィルターを遠心分離し分離液を得る;そして
(5)工程(3)で得られた抽出液に分離液を混合する
ことを含んでもよい。
本発明の第2の形態は、抽出容器に関する。抽出容器は、加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を抽出するのに有用である。一態様において、抽出容器は、本明細書に記載の加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を抽出する方法に使用されうる。以下、本発明の第2の形態である「抽出容器」の第1から第5の実施形態について各々説明する。
図1には、第1の実施形態に係る抽出容器1aが示されている。抽出容器1aは、第1の圧搾部材2aと、第2の圧搾部材3aとを備えている。
第1の実施形態では、リザーバー10に抽出液体を貯蔵した後、貯蔵された抽出液体をピペット等を用いて再びフィルター部材7にかけ戻すという作業を行っていた。第2の実施形態は、ピペットを用いずに抽出液を循環させる機構を備えた抽出容器に関しており、以下、図4を用いて説明する。なお、第1の実施形態と同様の構成要件については、同様の符号を附して詳細な説明を省略し、異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
第1および第2の実施形態では、リザーバーが第1の圧搾部材或いは第2の圧搾部材の内部に形成されていた。第3の実施形態は、リザーバーがフィルター部材7の収容部8の外周に設けられている構成を有するもので、以下、図5および図6を用いて説明する。なお、第1の実施形態と同様の構成要件については、同様の符号を附して詳細な説明を省略し、異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
第1から第3の実施形態では、圧搾面4、5が平面として形成されていたが、本発明は、この例に限定されない。圧搾面が平面以外の例を第4の実施形態として、図7および図8を用いて説明する。
第5の実施形態は、注射器型の抽出容器に関するものであり、以下、図9を用いて説明する。
本発明の第3の形態は、加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を抽出する方法によって得られた、加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を含む抽出液に関する。
本発明は、in vitroの毒性試験方法にも関する。in vitroの毒性試験方法は、本発明の方法によって得られた、加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を含む抽出液を用いる、ことを含む。
本実施例では、無溶媒抽出法(SEP)による加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質の抽出による水回収率および主成分組成を調べた。
実施例1の抽出方法において、密封加圧容器内に8.000mLの水を添加し、上記抽出方法を用いた場合の水添加回収率を調べた。
本実施例では、各種方法により加熱式喫煙物品の煙から抽出された粒子状物質の主成分組成を調べた。
加熱式喫煙物品は、加熱式喫煙物品(熱源からエアロゾル形成基質への熱の移動によって生成されるタイプ、iQOS、フィリップモリス社)を用いた。
抽出された粒子状物質の主成分組成を、コレスタ推奨法84番(非特許文献9)の方法により分析した。結果を表2に示す。
本実施例では、実施例3で得られた、無溶媒抽出法(SEP)により抽出された加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を含む抽出液を用いて、細菌復帰突然変異試験(Ames試験、エームズ試験)および小核試験(MN試験)を行った。
Ames試験およびMN試験の被験物質として、以下の試料を準備した。
SEP試料:iQOS(1000mg/mL)(SEP中溶媒:PG/G/水)(1.2%添加)
DMSO抽出試料:iQOS(200mg/mL)(DMSOによる10回連続抽出)(1%添加)(DMSOによる通常の抽出では100mg/mLが限界)
Ames試験は、「化学試験の試験に関するOECDガイドライン」の「細菌復帰突然変異試験」(OECD/OCDE TG471)(1997年7月21日採択)に従って行った。具体的には、以下のように行った。
MN試験は、「化学試験の試験に関するOECDガイドライン」の「IN VITRO哺乳類細胞小核試験」(OECD/OCDE TG487)(2014年9月26日採択)に従って行った。具体的には、以下のように行った。
図12は、Ames試験の結果を示す。横軸に、試料の添加用量(μg総粒子物質(TPM) eq./mL)、縦軸に、試料添加前の生細胞数に対する試料添加後の生細胞数(細胞復帰突然変異を起こした細胞)の割合(%)をプロットしたものである。
(1)材料等
(試験試料)
紙巻きたばこ試料:ケンタッキーリファレンスシガレット(Kentucky Reference)3R4Fは、研究目的でケンタッキー大学(University of Kentucky)のタバコおよび健康研究機関(Tobacco and Health Research Institute)によって提供されてきたフィルタ付きシガレットである(特表2008-544938より一部改変)。
サンプルA=加熱型喫煙物品の内部に挿入された熱源からエアロゾル形成基質への熱の移動によってエアロゾルが生成されるタイプ、フィリップモリス・プロダクツ・ソシエテ・アノニム社の加熱式喫煙物品(商品名 Marlbolo for iQOS REGULAR(商標))を専用の加熱式喫煙具(商品名iQOS2.4(登録商標))、フィリップモリス・プロダクツ・ソシエテ・アノニム社製)を用いた。
サンプルB=加熱型喫煙物品の外周に配置された熱源からエアロゾル形成基質への熱の移動によってエアロゾルが生成されるタイプ、を専用の加熱式喫煙具を用いた。
サンプルC=加熱型喫煙物品Mevius(登録商標) Regularfor Ploom Tech(日本たばこ産業株式会社製)を,同封のカートマイザーと専用の喫煙具(Ploom(登録商標) Tech)を用いた。試料は次の調湿・調和を開始する直前まで4℃で保存した。
(吸引条件)定法HCI
(吸引終了)定法ISO4387:2017(非特許文献7)
SEP法により捕集したACM(aerosol collected mass)(非燃焼型のシガレットより発生したエアロゾルの量)を、ケンブリッジフィルターとともに電子天秤で秤量し,ケンブリッジフィルターの風袋を差し引いてACM重量を得た。
慣用法において、CFPに捕集された煙の総粒子状物・エアロゾル捕集物は,慣用法に沿って濃度100mg/mLになるようにDMSOを添加し、抽出した。
慣用法により抽出した煙・エアロゾルのDMSO抽出溶液は,本実施例で予め秤量したTPM・ACM重量に換算して100mg/mLとなるようDMSO溶媒を加えて調整した。
ニュートラルレッド取込活性試験は、CHO-K1細胞を用い,操作手順はHealth Canada Official Method T-502,Neutral Red Uptake Assay for Mainstream Tobacco Smoke (Health Canada, 2004c)(非特許文献11)に従って行った。
2a~2f 第1の圧搾部材
3a~3f 第2の圧搾部材
4、4e、4f、4g 第1の圧搾面
5、5e、5f、5g 第2の圧搾面
6、6g 凹部
7 重ねたフィルター部材
8、8g 収容部
9 溝
10、10g、(40、45)、54 リザーバー
11 第2の圧搾部材の先端部
12 Oリング
13 細管
14 ラッパ状の開口部
20 ハウジング
21 蓋部
22 ネジ貫通孔
23 ネジロッド
24 ハンドル
25 ベアリング部
26 ベアリング部の張り出した底板
30、31、32 ボルト
40 第1の空洞部(リザーバー、チューブコネクタ)
45 第2の空洞部(リザーバー、チューブコネクタ)
41、46 大径部
42、47 中径部
43、48 小径部
44、49 循環用チューブの逃げ口
50 循環用チューブ
51 循環用チューブ50の一方の端部
52 循環用チューブ50の他方の端部
53 ペリスタポンプ
55 環状溝
60 ふるい部材
61 先端部
62 基端側空間
Claims (34)
- 加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を抽出する方法であって、
(1)加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を、粒子状物質を捕捉可能なフィルターを2枚以上に捕集し、
(2)前記2枚以上のフィルターを重ね、そして、
(3)重ねたフィルターを圧搾することによりフィルターに付着した成分を抽出する、
ことを含む、前記方法。 - (3)の工程を、
(3-i)前記重ねたフィルターを圧縮し、復帰させる、
(3-ii)前記重ねたフィルターを圧縮してフィルターに付着した成分を抽出し、抽出液を重ねたフィルターにかけて、再び圧縮する、あるいは、
(3-iii)(3-i)と(3-ii)を組み合わせて行う
ことによって行う、請求項1に記載の方法。 - (3-i)の前記重ねたフィルターの圧縮復帰を2回以上繰り返す、請求項2に記載の方法。
- (3-i)および/または(3-ii)の工程の際に、フィルターと抽出液とを振とうする、請求項2に記載の方法。
- (3-ii)前記重ねたフィルターを圧縮してフィルターに付着した成分を抽出し、抽出液を重ねたフィルターにかけ戻して、再び圧縮することを、2回以上繰り返す、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 工程(3)を、2つの圧搾面を有する抽出容器内にフィルターを収めて行う、請求項1-5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 工程(3)において、圧搾により抽出された抽出液を流動または循環させる、請求項1-6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- フィルターを3枚以上使用する、請求項1-7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- フィルターを10枚-15枚使用する、請求項1-8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 重ねたフィルターの厚さが工程(3)を行う前の1/3以下になるまで、工程(3)を繰り返す、請求項1-9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 工程(3)において溶媒を使用しない、請求項1-10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 工程(3)において、フィルター容積に対して0%(重量/容積)より多く、400%(重量/容積)以下の量の両親媒性溶媒を加える、請求項1-10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 圧縮を10MPa以下で行う、請求項1-12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- フィルターがガラス繊維フィルターである、請求項1-13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- フィルターが、定格風量で、粒径が0.3μmの粒子に対して99%以上の粒子捕集率を有するフィルターである、請求項1-14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- さらに、
(4)フィルターを遠心分離し分離液を得る;そして
(5)工程(3)で得られた抽出液に分離液を混合する
ことを含む、請求項1-15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 2枚以上のフィルターを重ねた状態で収容可能な収容部と、
前記収容部に重ねた状態で収容されたフィルターを圧搾する1または複数の圧搾部材と、
前記収容部と連通するリザーバーと
を含む、抽出容器。 - 前記圧搾部材によりフィルターを圧搾する圧搾面の形状が、平面、錐形の斜面または凸状若しくは凹状の曲面、のいずれかである、請求項17の抽出容器。
- 前記圧搾部材によりフィルターを圧搾する圧搾面が2面ある、請求項17または18の抽出容器。
- 2つの前記圧搾面が互いに回転摺動する、請求項19の抽出容器。
- 前記リザーバーが、前記収容部の上方および下方の少なくともいずれかに配置される、請求項17-20に記載の抽出容器。
- 前記リザーバーが前記収容部の外周に設けられている、請求項17-20のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。
- 前記リザーバーは前記圧搾面の少なくとも1つを貫通する細管を通して前記収容部と連通している、請求項17-21のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。
- 前記圧搾部材の圧搾面に溝が設けられている、請求項17-23のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。
- 前記圧搾部材を2つ有し、該2つの圧搾部材は各々の圧搾面を対向させた状態で移動可能であり、
前記2つの圧搾部材の各々対向する圧搾面の間の空間が前記収容部を画成する、請求項17-24のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。 - 前記2つの圧搾部材のうち一方が凹部を有し、該凹部の内側底面が圧搾面を形成し、
前記2つの圧搾部材のうち他方がその圧搾面を前記内側底面に向けた状態で前記凹部内を液密に摺動可能である、請求項25に記載の抽出容器。 - 注射器型のシリンダー部材と、
前記シリンダー部材の中空空間を基端側空間と先端側空間とに仕切るように配置された、細孔を有するふるい部材と、
前記シリンダー部材の前記基端側空間を液密に摺動可能なピストン部材と、
を備え、
前記ふるい部材および前記ピストン部材は、それらの内側対向する面が圧搾面を各々形成して前記圧搾部材を構成し、
前記ピストン部材の圧搾面と前記ふるい部材の圧搾面との間の前記基端側空間の少なくとも一部が前記収容部を画成し、
前記先端側空間が前記リザーバーを画成する、
請求項17-20のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。 - リザーバーに回収された抽出液が流動または循環される、請求項17-27のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。
- 請求項1-16のいずれか1項に記載の方法に使用するための請求項17-28のいずれか1項に記載の抽出容器。
- 請求項1-16のいずれか1項に記載の方法によって得られた、加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を含む抽出液。
- 溶媒を含まない、請求項30に記載の抽出液。
- in vitroの毒性試験に用いるための請求項30または31に記載の抽出液。
- in vitroの毒性試験が、小核試験またはエームズ試験である、請求項32に記載の抽出液。
- 請求項1-16のいずれか1項に記載の方法によって得られた、加熱式喫煙物品の煙中の粒子状物質を含む抽出液を用いる、in vitroの毒性試験方法。
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KR1020217013542A KR20210072047A (ko) | 2018-10-19 | 2019-10-18 | 가열식 흡연 물품의 연기 중 입자상 물질을 추출하는 방법, 추출 용기, 추출액 및 추출액을 이용하는 독성 시험 방법 |
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CN111879598A (zh) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-03 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | 一种加热不燃烧卷烟烟气气溶胶的捕集方法及细胞毒性测试方法 |
CN113109472A (zh) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | 一种新型烟草制品呼出烟气中主要化学成分及酚类有害成分的同时测定方法 |
CN114018685A (zh) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-08 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种按压式烟草产品气溶胶剑桥滤片捕集物提取装置 |
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CN113984467B (zh) * | 2021-10-20 | 2024-02-09 | 国家烟草质量监督检验中心 | 一种烟草制品气溶胶捕集物的制备方法、所获得的气溶胶捕集物及其应用 |
WO2023212351A1 (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-11-02 | Manakin Llc | Pathogen detection and decontamination system |
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CN113109472A (zh) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | 一种新型烟草制品呼出烟气中主要化学成分及酚类有害成分的同时测定方法 |
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CN114018685A (zh) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-08 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种按压式烟草产品气溶胶剑桥滤片捕集物提取装置 |
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