WO2020052674A1 - 一种液体药物输送装置及药物输送方法 - Google Patents
一种液体药物输送装置及药物输送方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020052674A1 WO2020052674A1 PCT/CN2019/105809 CN2019105809W WO2020052674A1 WO 2020052674 A1 WO2020052674 A1 WO 2020052674A1 CN 2019105809 W CN2019105809 W CN 2019105809W WO 2020052674 A1 WO2020052674 A1 WO 2020052674A1
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- Prior art keywords
- rotating member
- liquid
- spring
- drug delivery
- stop
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M31/00—Devices for introducing or retaining media, e.g. remedies, in cavities of the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2210/00—Anatomical parts of the body
- A61M2210/10—Trunk
- A61M2210/1025—Respiratory system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a medical device, and particularly to a liquid drug delivery device for quantitative drug delivery, and a drug delivery method used by the same.
- Nebulization inhalation therapy is to use a nebulizing device to disperse the drug into tiny mist droplets or particles, suspend it in the gas, and enter the respiratory tract and lungs to achieve clean airways, humidified airways, local treatment and Purpose of systemic treatment.
- Common atomizing devices include manual spray nebulizers, metered dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, and the like. Among them, the metered-dose inhaler is welcomed for its advantages such as metering, simple operation, easy to carry, ready to use, no need for regular disinfection, and no cross-infection in the hospital.
- Dosing inhalers usually consist of a sealed storage tank, a suction tube, a dosing valve, and a nozzle.
- One method is to use springs as a source of energy to achieve drug delivery and atomization.
- the US patent publication US2009 / 0114215A1 discloses a nebulizer, which has a built-in replaceable liquid medicine container, an inhalation tube that can be moved relative to the liquid medicine container, a check valve, and a pressure chamber.
- the atomizer has a relatively rotatable upper casing and a lower casing.
- the upper casing is embedded with an upper rotating component
- the lower casing is provided with a lower rotating component and a spring, and the upper rotating component and the lower rotating component are embedded in the upper casing.
- the inner walls are respectively provided with sliding surfaces that cooperate with each other, so that when rotating in one direction, the lower rotating member is far away from the upper rotating member and compresses the spring; a locking member is provided, and when the lower rotating member is separated from the sliding surface of the upper rotating member, the locking member Limit the lower rotating parts.
- the upper and lower parts are relatively rotated, the lower rotating part compresses the spring, and the suction pipe is moved down at the same time.
- the liquid enters the pressure chamber through the check valve.
- the lock piece Limit the lower rotating part;
- spraying press the button to release the lower rotating part.
- the lower rotating part quickly resets, the suction pipe moves up synchronously, and the kinetic energy released by the spring instantly causes the medicinal liquid to quickly output to form a jet. Or aerosol.
- the above structure is a typical structure of a liquid drug delivery device using a spring as a source of energy.
- a spring as a source of energy.
- Such structures When applied to soft nebulizers, needleless syringes, nasal sprays, etc., such structures generally use a push type
- the key is released as a triggering device, because those skilled in the art generally think that such a device requires a relatively large Energy disperses liquid medicine into droplets or aerosols in a very short time to enter and be absorbed by the human body. Therefore, it is necessary to use a press release to make the spring in a free state instantly.
- the triggering device when the triggering device is activated, it is often accompanied by obvious vibrations or sounds, which generates bad psychological cues or physiological stress to the user, which leads to a decrease in the user's acceptance of the medication device, especially the nebulized inhalation that needs to be used in conjunction with breathing.
- the device In the device, it is required to enter the inhalation state while releasing the drug, and the physiological stress response will cause the user to have difficulty controlling the breathing cycle and cause an adverse stress response.
- drug delivery devices are generally used for chronic obstructive pneumonia or diabetic insulin therapy, they have long-term high-frequency medication characteristics. The adaptability of the user to the drug delivery device directly affects whether the treatment can be implemented smoothly and has bad stress. Certain obstacles have been formed for users to receive such drug delivery devices for multiple times and to use drugs properly.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a liquid drug delivery device, which solves the problems of vibration and sound when triggered in the existing device through structural improvement; another object of the present invention is to provide a cooperation with such a delivery device Liquid drug delivery method.
- a liquid drug delivery device which has a liquid drug container and a drug atomizing spray structure, and the drug atomizing spray structure contains a liquid drug
- the container-fitted conduit has an upper housing and a lower housing that can be relatively rotated.
- the upper housing has an upper rotating component embedded therein
- the lower housing has a lower rotating component embedded therein and is provided with a spring, and the upper rotating component and the inner wall of the lower rotating component.
- Cooperating sliding surfaces are respectively provided, so that the lower rotating member is away from the upper housing and compresses the spring when the upper rotating member is rotated relative to the first direction; a stop limit structure is provided, and the stop limit structure is under the lower rotating member When the upper rotating member is rotated relative to the first direction, the rotation amplitude is limited to prevent the sliding surfaces of the upper rotating member and the lower rotating member from detaching.
- the conduit moves with the lower rotating member in the up and down direction, and when the lower rotating member is rotated in the first direction When the catheter moves down; when the lower rotating member rotates relative to the upper rotating member in a second direction opposite to the first direction, the spring returns and Move the tube.
- the relative rotation angle of the upper rotation mechanism and the lower rotation mechanism is determined according to the setting of the sliding surfaces.
- the maximum relative rotation angle can be set to not more than 360 °; accordingly,
- the rotation angle of relative rotation is preferably 160 ° ⁇ 180 °; and when four pairs of sliding surfaces are set, the rotation angle is generally less than 90 °.
- the stop limit structure is that a stop platform is respectively provided at a proximal end portion of the sliding surface of the upper rotating member and the sliding surface of the lower rotating member, and the end portion after the stop platform is stopped A limiting boss is formed at each place, and the stop platform on any one of the rotating parts cooperates with the limiting boss on the other rotating part, so that the two limiting bosses abut each other after passing through the stop platform.
- a lower case stopper is provided on the outer wall of the lower case, and an upper case stopper is correspondingly provided on the inner wall of the upper case.
- a part of the upper case is sleeved on the lower case, and the lower case stopper is provided. It cooperates with the upper housing stop to form the stop limit structure.
- a reverse driving mechanism is provided, and after the upper rotating member and the lower rotating member are relatively rotated in the first direction to the stop position, the reverse driving mechanism drives the two to relatively rotate in opposite directions.
- the reverse driving mechanism is a coil spring driving mechanism.
- the reverse driving mechanism uses a motor as a power mechanism and a gear or a screw as a transmission mechanism.
- the motor can be a permanent magnet linear stepper motor or a planetary gear motor.
- the rotation angle can be preset and controlled by the controller.
- the stop limit structure plays a role of safety protection.
- the activation of the reverse drive mechanism can also use sensors to detect the strength of the respiratory airflow, for example, to start the drive motor when the respiratory airflow reaches a set threshold.
- a liquid medicine delivery method is provided, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned liquid medicine delivery device.
- the lower rotating member is rotated relative to the upper rotating member to a stop position in a first direction.
- the spring is in a compressed state, and the catheter is moved downward to suck the liquid; the lower rotating member is rotated relative to the upper rotating member in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and the catheter is moved upward to release the drug while the spring is released.
- the stroke of the catheter is related to the single dose and the diameter of the catheter.
- the diameter is 1 to 5 mm
- the stroke is 1 to 30 mm
- the amount of liquid to be applied at a time is 1 to 500 microliters. Stroke 5 ⁇ 20mm, 2 ⁇ 150 microliters of liquid at a time.
- the time for the relative rotation in the second direction is determined in accordance with the natural breathing frequency of the human body, and is preferably 0.5 to 3 seconds, and more preferably 1 to 2 seconds.
- the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
- the present invention overcomes the prejudice of the prior art, realizes the delivery of liquid medicine through reverse rotation under the premise of not releasing the spring instantaneously, and achieves unexpected technical effects.
- FIG. 1 is an external view of a device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view in a state of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 in another state
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the upper rotating member of the first embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the upper rotating member of the first embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a rotating member according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view of a rotating member according to the embodiment.
- FIGS. 8 to 11 are schematic diagrams of the mating state of the sliding surfaces in the upper rotating member (removing the outer layer) and the lower rotating member (removing the outer layer); 12 is a structural view of a lower case in Embodiment 3;
- FIG. 13 is a structural diagram of an upper case in a third embodiment.
- a liquid drug delivery device includes a liquid drug container 1, and a drug atomizing spray structure, and the drug atomizing spray structure contains a liquid drug
- the container-fitted duct 4 has an upper housing 2 and a lower housing 3 which can be relatively rotated.
- the upper housing 2 has an upper rotating member 5 embedded therein
- the lower housing 3 has a lower rotating member 6 embedded therein and is provided with a spring 7.
- the inner walls of the upper rotating member 5 and the lower rotating member 6 are respectively provided with matching sliding surfaces, so that the lower rotating member 6 moves away from the upper casing 2 and compresses the spring 7 when the upper rotating member 5 rotates relative to the first rotating member 5 in the first direction.
- a stop limit structure is provided, as shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7.
- the stop limit structure is a sliding surface 8 of an upper rotating member 5 and a lower rotating member 6
- Stop surfaces 9 and 14 are provided at the proximal ends of the sliding surface 13 respectively, and a limit boss 10 is formed at the end after the stop platform 9 and a limit boss 15 is formed at the end after the stop platform 14,
- the stopper platform on any one of the rotating parts cooperates with the limiting boss on the other rotating part, so that the two limiting bosses are against each other after passing through the stopping platform.
- the relative rotation angle of the upper rotation mechanism 5 and the lower rotation mechanism 6 is determined according to the setting of the sliding surfaces.
- the maximum relative rotational angle may be set to not exceed 360 °;
- the rotation angle of relative rotation is preferably 160 ° ⁇ 180 °; and when four pairs of sliding surfaces are provided, the rotation angle is generally less than 90 °. In this embodiment, two pairs of sliding surfaces are provided. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, the rotation angle is limited to 177 °.
- the rotation in the second rotation direction in this embodiment may be manually driven by a user, or may be implemented by providing a reverse driving mechanism.
- a reverse driving mechanism is provided to adjust the turning speed in time to ensure the output of the medicinal solution.
- the reverse driving mechanism may be a coil spring driving mechanism, or a motor as a power mechanism, and a gear or a screw as a transmission mechanism.
- the motor can be a permanent magnet linear stepper motor or a planetary gear motor.
- the rotation angle can be preset and controlled by the controller. At this time, the stop limit structure plays a role of safety protection.
- Embodiment 2 A liquid medicine delivery method is implemented by using the liquid medicine delivery device of Embodiment 1.
- the lower rotating member 6 is rotated in a first direction relative to the upper rotating member 5 to a stop position.
- the spring 7 is in a compressed state, and the catheter 4 moves downward to suck the liquid.
- the lower rotating member 6 is rotated relative to the upper rotating member 5 in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and the spring 7 is released while the
- the upward movement of the catheter 4 causes the medicine to be output from the container to form a jet or aerosol; the stroke of the catheter 4 is 5-20 mm, and the time for turning in the second direction is less than 5 seconds.
- the stroke of the catheter 4 is related to the single dose and the diameter of the catheter.
- the diameter is 1 to 5 mm
- the stroke is 1 to 30 mm
- the amount of liquid to be applied at a time is 1 to 500 microliters. 3mm, stroke 5 ⁇ 20mm, 2 ⁇ 150 microliters of liquid at a time.
- the amount of liquid applied at a time is more preferably 3 to 100 microliters.
- Embodiment 3 A liquid drug delivery device having the same main structure as that of Embodiment 1. Referring to FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the difference of this embodiment is that a lower casing is provided on the outer wall of the lower casing 3.
- the stopper 11 is provided with an upper housing stopper 12 correspondingly on an inner wall of the upper housing 2, and a part of the upper housing 2 is sleeved on the lower housing 3.
- the lower housing stopper 11 and the upper housing stopper 12 are configured to cooperate with each other.
- the stop limit structure is configured to cooperate with each other.
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Abstract
一种液体药物输送装置及药物输送方法。该装置具有可相对转动的上壳体(2)和下壳体(3),上壳体(2)内嵌有上旋转部件(5),下壳体(3)内嵌有下旋转部件(6)并设有弹簧(7)。上旋转部件(5)和下旋转部件(6)内壁分别设有相互配合的滑动面(8),使得下旋转部件(6)在沿第一方向相对上旋转部件(5)转动时远离上壳体(2)并压缩弹簧(7)。还设有止动限位结构,在下旋转部件(6)沿第一方向相对上旋转部件(5)转动时对转动幅度进行限位以避免滑动面(8)脱离。导管(4)随下旋转部件(6)沿上下方向运动,当下旋转部件(6)沿第一方向转动时,导管(4)下移;下旋转部件(6)沿与第一方向相反的第二方向相对上旋转部件(5)转动时,弹簧(7)复位且导管(4)上移。该液体药物输送装置使用过程相对温和,操作简便,使用者接受度也相对更好。
Description
一种液体药物输送装置及药物输送方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种医疗器械, 具体涉及一种用于定量药物输送的液体药物输送装 置, 及其采用的药物输送方法。
背景技术
[0002] 雾化吸入疗法是用雾化装置将药物分散成微小的雾滴或微粒, 使其悬浮于气体 中, 并进入呼吸道及肺内, 达到洁净气道、 湿化气道、 局部治疗及全身治疗的 目的。 常见的雾化装置有手动喷射雾化器、 定量吸入器、 干粉吸入器等。 其中 , 定量吸入器因具有定量、 操作简单、 便于携带、 随时可用、 不必定期消毒、 无院内交叉感染问题等优点而受到欢迎。 定量吸入器通常由密封的贮药罐、 吸 入管、 定量阀门、 喷管构成。 一种方法是利用弹簧作为能量来源, 实现药物的 输送和雾化喷射。
[0003] 例如, 美国专利公布文件 US2009/0114215A1公开了一种雾化器, 其具有一内 置的可替换的液体药物容器、 一可相对液体药物容器移动的吸入管、 单向阀、 压力腔室、 喷嘴; 雾化器具有可相对转动的上壳体和下壳体, 上壳体内嵌有上 旋转部件, 下壳体内滑套有下旋转部件并设有弹簧, 上旋转部件和下旋转部件 内壁分别设有相互配合的滑动面, 使得向一个方向转动时, 下旋转部件远离上 旋转部件并压缩弹簧; 设有锁止件, 当下旋转部件与上旋转部件的滑动面脱离 时, 锁止件对下旋转部件限位。 使用时, 使上、 下两部分相对转动, 使下旋转 部件压缩弹簧, 同时吸入管下移, 液体经单向阀进入压力腔室, 当上、 下旋转 部件的滑动面脱离时, 锁止件对下旋转部件限位; 喷射时, 通过按压按钮释放 下旋转部件, 在弹簧的弹力作用下, 下旋转部件迅速复位, 吸入管同步上移, 由弹簧瞬间释放的动能使药液快速输出形成射流或气溶胶。
[0004] 上述结构是以弹簧做为能量来源的液体药物输送装置的典型结构, 在如软雾雾 化器、 无针注射器、 鼻喷雾化器等中应用时, 这类结构一般都采用按压式释放 按键作为触发装置, 因为本领域技术人员通常认为, 此类装置需要相对较大的
能量将液体药物在极短时间内装分散成微滴或气溶胶形式以进入人体并为人体 所吸收, 因而需要采用按压式释放使弹簧瞬间处于自由态。 然而, 在启动触发 装置时往往会伴随明显的震动或声响, 对使用者产生不良的心理暗示或生理应 激, 导致使用者对用药装置的接受度降低, 特别是需要配合呼吸使用的雾化吸 入装置中, 要求在释放药物的同时进入吸气状态, 生理应激反应会导致使用者 难以控制呼吸循环, 造成不良的应激反应。 由于此类给药装置一般用于慢性阻 塞性肺炎或糖尿病胰岛素治疗, 具有长期高频次的用药特点, 使用者对于给药 装置的适应性直接影响了治疗是否能顺利实施, 不良的应激性对于使用者长期 多频次的接受此类药物输送装置和正确使用药物形成了一定的障碍。
[0005] 因此, 有必要对这类液体药物输送装置的触发方式进行改进, 以避免对使用者 产生不良的生理应激, 提高使用者的受程度。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0006] 本发明的发明目的是提供一种液体药物输送装置, 通过结构改进解决现有装置 中触发时的震动及声响问题; 本发明的另一发明目的是提供一种与这种输送装 置配合的液体药物输送方法。
[0007] 为达到上述发明目的, 本发明采用的技术方案是: 一种液体药物输送装置, 具 有一液体药物容器、 一药物雾化喷射结构, 所述药物雾化喷射结构中含有一与 液体药物容器配合的导管, 具有可相对转动的上壳体和下壳体, 上壳体内嵌有 上旋转部件, 下壳体内嵌有下旋转部件并设有弹簧, 上旋转部件和下旋转部件 内壁分别设有相互配合的滑动面, 使得下旋转部件在沿第一方向相对上旋转部 件转动时远离上壳体并压缩弹簧; 设有止动限位结构, 所述止动限位结构在下 旋转部件沿第一方向相对上旋转部件转动时对转动幅度进行限位以避免上旋转 部件和下旋转部件的滑动面脱离, 所述导管随下旋转部件沿上下方向运动, 当 下旋转部件沿第一方向转动时, 导管下移; 下旋转部件沿与第一方向相反的第 二方向相对上旋转部件转动时, 弹簧复位且导管上移。
[0008] 上述技术方案中, 通过设置止动限位结构, 使得上旋转部件和下旋转部件的滑 动面之间无法脱离, 因而不存在弹簧瞬间进入自由态的状况, 使用中不会出现 较大的震动或声响。 使用时, 通过上旋转部件和下旋转部件的相对反向转动, 实现药液输送。 通过控制旋转角度, 可以控制弹簧压缩程度以及兼作活塞的导 管的上下移动距离, 从而相应地控制液体抽汲量或输出量, 实现药物输出剂量 的调节。
[0009] 上述技术方案中, 上旋转机构和下旋转机构的相对转动角度根据滑动面的设置 确定, 当仅设有一对滑动面时, 最大相对转动角度可以设置成不超过 360° ; 相应 地, 设置两对滑动面时, 相对转动的旋转角度以 160°〜 180°为宜; 而如果设置四 对滑动面时, 旋转角度一般小于 90°。
[0010] 上述技术方案中, 所述止动限位结构为, 在上旋转部件的滑动面和下旋转部件 的滑动面的近端部处分别设置一止动平台, 止动平台后的端部处构成限位凸台 , 其中任意一个旋转部件上的止动平台与另一个旋转部件上的限位凸台配合, 使得两个限位凸台在通过止动平台后互相抵触限位。
[0011] 或者, 在下壳体的外壁上设置下壳体挡块, 在上壳体的内壁上对应设置上壳体 挡块, 上壳体的一部分套设在下壳体上, 下壳体挡块与上壳体挡块配合构成所 述止动限位结构。
[0012] 进一步的技术方案, 设有反转驱动机构, 在上旋转部件和下旋转部件沿第一方 向相对转动至止动位置后, 所述反转驱动机构驱动两者沿相反方向相对转动。
[0013] 所述反转驱动机构为卷簧驱动机构。 或者, 所述反转驱动机构由电机作为动力 机构, 由齿轮或螺杆作为传动机构。 此处的电机可以采用永磁直线步进电机或 者行星齿轮电机。 当采用电机驱动时, 转动角度可以由控制器预设控制, 此时 , 止动限位结构起到安全防护作用。 反转驱动机构的启动也可借助传感器, 侦 测呼吸气流强弱, 例如当呼吸气流到达设定阈值时启动驱动电机。
[0014] 为达到本发明的另一发明目的, 提供一种液体药物输送方法, 采用上述液体药 物输送装置实现, 先使下旋转部件沿第一方向相对上旋转部件转动至止动位置 , 在此过程中弹簧处于压缩状态, 导管下移抽吸液体; 再使下旋转部件沿与第 一方向相反的第二方向相对上旋转部件转动, 释放弹簧的同时导管上移使药物
从容器中输出形成射流或气溶胶; 导管的行程为 5〜 20mm, 沿第二方向转动的 时间小于 5秒。
[0015] 5见有技术中, 通常认为, 为使液体药物在极短时间内装分散成微滴或气溶胶形 式, 需要采用按压式释放使弹簧瞬间处于自由态。 本发明意外发现, 采用反向 转动而不是瞬间释放, 同样可以达到所需的效果。
[0016] 上述技术方案中, 导管的行程与单次用药剂量、 导管直径相关, 一般地, 直径 1〜 5mm, 行程 1〜 30mm, 一次上液量 1〜 500微升; 优选直径 1〜 3mm, 行程 5〜 20mm, 一次上液量 2〜 150微升。
[0017] 上述技术方案中, 沿第二方向相对转动的时间配合人体自然呼吸频率确定, 优 选为 0.5〜 3秒, 更优选地, 为 1〜 2秒。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0018] 由于上述技术方案运用, 本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点:
[0019] 1、 本发明克服了现有技术的偏见, 在不对弹簧进行瞬间释放的前提下, 通过 反向转动实现液体药物输送, 取得了意想不到的技术效果。
[0020] 2、 由于本发明不存在对弹簧的瞬间释放, 因而不会对使用者产生心理暗示或 生理应激, 使用过程比较温和, 操作简便, 使用者接受程度更高。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0021] 图 1是本发明实施例一的装置外观图;
[0022] 图 2是图 1的一个状态下的剖面示意图;
[0023] 图 3是图 1在另一个状态下的剖面示意图;
[0024] 图 4是实施例一上旋转部件的立体图;
[0025] 图 5是实施例一上旋转部件的仰视图;
[0026] 图 6是实施例一下旋转部件的立体图;
[0027] 图 7是实施例一下旋转部件的俯视图;
[0028] 图 8至图 11是上旋转部件 (去除外层) 和下旋转部件 (去除外层) 中滑动面配 合状态的示意图;
[0029] 图 12是实施例三中的下壳体结构图;
[0030] 图 13是实施例三中的上壳体结构图。
[0031] 其中: 1、 液体药物容器; 2、 上壳体; 3、 下壳体; 4、 导管; 5、 上旋转部件 ; 6、 下旋转部件; 7、 弹簧; 8、 滑动面; 9、 止动平台; 10、 限位凸台; 11、 下壳体挡块; 12、 上壳体挡块; 13、 滑动面; 14、 止动平台; 15、 限位凸台。 发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
[0032] [0008]下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述:
[0033] 实施例一: 参见附图 1〜 3所示, 一种液体药物输送装置, 具有一液体药物容器 1、 一药物雾化喷射结构, 所述药物雾化喷射结构中含有一与液体药物容器配合 的导管 4, 具有可相对转动的上壳体 2和下壳体 3 , 上壳体 2内嵌有上旋转部件 5, 下壳体 3内嵌有下旋转部件 6并设有弹簧 7 , 上旋转部件 5和下旋转部件 6内壁分别 设有相互配合的滑动面, 使得下旋转部件 6在沿第一方向相对上旋转部件 5转动 时远离上壳体 2并压缩弹簧 7。
[0034] 设有止动限位结构, 参见附图 4至附图 7所示, 本实施例中, 所述止动限位结构 为, 在上旋转部件 5的滑动面 8和下旋转部件 6的滑动面 13的近端部处分别设置止 动平台 9和 14, 止动平台 9后的端部处构成限位凸台 10, 止动平台 14后的端部处 构成限位凸台 15 , 其中任意一个旋转部件上的止动平台与另一个旋转部件上的 限位凸台配合, 使得两个限位凸台在通过止动平台后互相抵触限位。
[0035] 参见附图 8 , 当上旋转部件 5和下旋转部件 6相对转动至两个限位凸台 10和 15相 互抵触时, 达到第一稳定位置, 此时, 弹簧 (图中未示出) 处于压缩状态; 图 9 是开始回转时的状态; 图 10所示是回转至中间位置的状态; 图 11是回转停止状 态。
[0036] 该液体药物输送装置中, 该上旋转机构 5和该下旋转机构 6的相对转动角度根据 滑动面的设置确定, 当仅设有一对滑动面时, 最大相对转动角度可以设置成不 超过 360° ; 相应地, 设置两对滑动面时, 相对转动的旋转角度以 160°〜 180°为宜 ; 而如果设置四对滑动面时, 旋转角度一般小于 90°。 在本实施例中, 设置有二 对滑动面, 因此, 如图 11所示, 回转的角度被限制为 177°。
[0037] 其中, 当下旋转部件沿第一方向转动至被止动限位结构限位时, 导管随之下移 ; 下旋转部件沿与第一方向相反的第二方向相对上旋转部件转动时, 弹簧复位 且导管上移, 由此实现微量液体药物的输送。
[0038] 本实施例中, 通过设置止动限位结构, 使得上旋转部件和下旋转部件的滑动面 之间无法脱离, 因而不存在弹簧瞬间进入自由态的状况, 使用中不会出现较大 的震动或声响。 使用时, 通过上旋转部件和下旋转部件的相对反向转动, 实现 药液输送。 通过控制旋转角度, 可以控制弹簧压缩程度以及导管的上下移动距 离, 从而相应的控制液体抽汲量或输出量, 实现药物输出剂量的调节。
[0039] 本实施例中的第二转动方向的回转, 可以由使用者人工驱动, 也可以通过设置 反转驱动机构实现。 设置反转驱动机构, 可以适时调节回转速度, 保证药液输 出效果。 反转驱动机构可以是卷簧驱动机构, 也可以由电机作为动力机构, 由 齿轮或螺杆作为传动机构。 此处的电机可以采用永磁直线步进电机或者行星齿 轮电机。 当采用电机驱动时, 转动角度可以由控制器预设控制, 此时, 止动限 位结构起到安全防护作用。
[0040] 实施例二: 一种液体药物输送方法, 采用实施例一的液体药物输送装置实现, 先使该下旋转部件 6沿第一方向相对该上旋转部件 5转动至止动位置, 在此过程 中该弹簧 7处于压缩状态, 该导管 4下移抽吸液体; 再使该下旋转部件 6沿与第一 方向相反的第二方向相对该上旋转部件 5转动, 释放该弹簧 7的同时该导管 4上移 使药物从容器中输出形成射流或气溶胶; 该导管 4的行程为 5〜 20mm, 沿第二方 向转动的时间小于 5秒。
[0041] 5见有技术中, 通常认为, 为使液体药物在极短时间内装分散成微滴或气溶胶形 式, 需要采用按压式释放使弹簧瞬间处于自由态。 本发明意外发现, 采用反向 转动而不是瞬间释放, 同样可以达到所需的效果。
[0042] 本实施例中, 该导管 4的行程与单次用药剂量、 导管直径相关, 一般地, 直径 1 〜 5mm, 行程 1〜 30mm, 一次上液量 1〜 500微升; 优选直径 1〜 3mm, 行程 5〜 2 0mm, 一次上液量 2〜 150微升。 一次上液量更优选地为 3〜 100微升。
[0043] 本实施例中, 沿第二方向相对转动的时间配合人体自然呼吸频率确定, 优选为 0.5〜 3秒, 更优选地, 为 1〜 2秒。
[0044] 实施例三: 一种液体药物输送装置, 其主要结构与实施例一相同, 参见附图 12 和附图 13 , 本实施例的区别在于, 在下壳体 3的外壁上设置下壳体挡块 11, 在上 壳体 2的内壁上对应设置上壳体挡块 12, 上壳体 2的一部分套设在下壳体 3上, 下 壳体挡块 11与上壳体挡块 12配合构成所述止动限位结构。
Claims
[权利要求 1] 一种液体药物输送装置, 具有一液体药物容器、 一药物雾化喷射结构 , 所述药物雾化喷射结构中含有一与液体药物容器配合的导管, 具有 可相对转动的上壳体和下壳体, 上壳体内嵌有上旋转部件, 下壳体内 嵌有下旋转部件并设有弹簧, 上旋转部件和下旋转部件内壁分别设有 相互配合的滑动面, 使得下旋转部件在沿第一方向相对上旋转部件转 动时远离上壳体并压缩弹簧; 其特征在于: 设有止动限位结构, 所述 止动限位结构在下旋转部件沿第一方向相对上旋转部件转动时对转动 幅度进行限位以避免上旋转部件和下旋转部件的滑动面脱离, 所述导 管随下旋转部件沿上下方向运动, 当下旋转部件沿第一方向转动时, 导管下移; 下旋转部件沿与第一方向相反的第二方向相对上旋转部件 转动时, 弹簧复位且导管上移。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的液体药物输送装置, 其特征在于: 设有至少一 组所述相互配合的滑动面。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的液体药物输送装置, 其特征在于: 所述止动限 位结构为, 在所述上旋转部件的滑动面和所述下旋转部件的滑动面的 近端部处分别设置一止动平台, 所述止动平台后的端部处构成限位凸 台, 其中任意一个旋转部件上的止动平台与另一个旋转部件上的限位 凸台配合, 使得两个限位凸台在通过止动平台后互相抵触限位。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的液体药物输送装置, 其特征在于: 在下壳体的 外壁上设置下壳体挡块, 在上壳体的内壁上对应设置上壳体挡块, 上 壳体的一部分套设在下壳体上, 下壳体挡块与上壳体挡块配合构成所 述止动限位结构。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的液体药物输送装置, 其特征在于: 设有反转驱 动机构, 在上旋转部件和下旋转部件沿第一方向相对转动至止动位置 后, 所述反转驱动机构驱动两者沿相反方向相对转动。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 5所述的液体药物输送装置, 其特征在于: 所述反转驱 动机构为卷簧驱动机构。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 5所述的液体药物输送装置, 其特征在于: 所述反转驱 动机构由电机作为动力机构, 由齿轮或螺杆作为传动机构。
[权利要求 8] 一种液体药物输送方法, 其特征在于: 采用权利要求 1所述液体药物 输送装置实现, 先使下旋转部件沿第一方向相对上旋转部件转动至止 动位置, 在此过程中弹簧处于压缩状态, 导管下移抽吸液体; 再使下 旋转部件沿与第一方向相反的第二方向相对上旋转部件转动, 释放弹 簧的同时导管上移使药物从容器中输出形成射流或气溶胶; 沿第二方 向转动的时间小于 5秒。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 8所述的液体药物输送方法, 其特征在于: 一次上液量 为 1〜 500微升, 优选为 2〜 150微升, 更优选地, 为 3〜 100微升。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 8所述的液体药物输送方法, 其特征在于: 沿第二方向 相对转动的时间为 0.2〜 5秒, 优选为 0.5〜 3秒, 更优选地, 为 1〜 2秒
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