WO2020052655A1 - 一种滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置 - Google Patents

一种滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020052655A1
WO2020052655A1 PCT/CN2019/105734 CN2019105734W WO2020052655A1 WO 2020052655 A1 WO2020052655 A1 WO 2020052655A1 CN 2019105734 W CN2019105734 W CN 2019105734W WO 2020052655 A1 WO2020052655 A1 WO 2020052655A1
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Prior art keywords
filter
separation device
oil
gas
plate
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PCT/CN2019/105734
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
覃星念
朱雄
赵宁宁
韦福观
叶双超
余晓强
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广西玉柴机器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020052655A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020052655A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0438—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil with a filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0488—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil with oil trap in the return conduit to the crankcase
    • F01M2013/0494—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil with oil trap in the return conduit to the crankcase using check valves

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of oil-gas separation, and particularly relates to a filter-type adaptive pressure-regulating engine oil-gas separation device.
  • blow-by gas The high-temperature gas generated by the engine during operation can penetrate into the crankcase through the gap between the piston group and the cylinder, causing gas leakage.
  • the components of blow-by gas are unburned fuel gas, water vapor, and exhaust gas. Water vapour condenses and dilutes the oil in the engine oil, reducing the performance of the engine oil; sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas encounters air oxidation to generate sulfuric acid, which accelerates the oxidative deterioration of the engine oil, which will cause corrosion and accelerated wear of engine parts; blow-by gas will also cause the crankcase to Excessive pressure will damage the seal of the crankcase, causing oil leakage and loss; accelerating the aging of the oil and reducing reliability.
  • crankcase ventilation system is required to control blow-by gas.
  • the blow-by gas flows through the crankcase ventilation system, it will carry a large amount of oil and gas, causing oil loss and worsening emissions. Therefore, oil and gas must be separated to reduce oil loss.
  • the traditional cylinder head cover can only perform a single separation, and the effect is not as expected.
  • the Chinese utility model patent “A cylinder head cover” with the publication number of CN205559013U includes a cylinder head cover body, and an oil and gas pre-separation chamber is formed inside the cylinder head cover body.
  • the oil and gas pre-separation chamber is provided with a pre-separation air inlet.
  • a pre-separation gas outlet in the oil-gas pre-separation chamber from the pre-separation air inlet to the pre-separation gas outlet, a plurality of lateral partitions arranged in a vertical direction and a labyrinth space in a horizontal direction are sequentially arranged.
  • a plurality of vertical partitions, a horizontal partition and a vertical partition form a labyrinth-type oil and gas passage that communicates with the pre-separated air inlet and the pre-separated air outlet, and an oil-gas separator is integrated on the outer side wall of the cylinder head cover.
  • the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN108049937A “Built-in oil and gas separation system in cylinder head cover”
  • a built-in oil and gas separator including: a cover body, a labyrinth cavity and a bottom cover provided on one side of the cover body, the labyrinth One end of the cavity is provided with an air outlet pipe extending to the outside of the cover, and a ventilator socket is opened at the top; the labyrinth cavity is provided with a coarse filter plate, a circuitous rectification structure, a fine filter plate and a partition plate.
  • the oil and gas pre-separation device of the cylinder head cover is provided with a coarse filter orifice plate and a circuitous rectification structure, which can be used for oil and gas separation, but the large oil droplets (oil droplets with a diameter greater than 10um) are Oil droplets (referring to the diameter of oil droplets of 2 to 10um) are easy to mix, and do not have the effect of oil droplet adsorption and diversion, which will cause the diameter of the oil droplets entering the fine filter orifice plate to remain large.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art described above, and provide a new separator gas-driven engine oil-gas separation device, which can not only classify ultra-large oil droplets, large oil droplets, and small oil droplets, but also has high separation efficiency. It can solve the problems of oil droplet adsorption and recovery and collision and splash, and does not require regular maintenance and replacement of the filter element. In addition, it can also adaptively control the flow rate according to the internal pressure of the separation device, improve the separation efficiency, and meet the requirements of the National Six Engine.
  • the invention provides a filter-type adaptive pressure-regulating engine oil-gas separation device, which includes a pre-separation device provided in a cylinder head cover, the pre-separation device is provided with an air inlet hole for receiving an oil-gas mixture in a crankcase, and An exhaust hole for discharging the separated exhaust gas, the cylinder head cover and a pre-separation device are combined to form an oil and gas passage, the pre-separation device includes: a screen plate arranged on a bottom plate, and the air inlet hole is arranged in On the filter plate, the oil and gas mixture in the crankcase flows in from the air intake holes on the filter plate.
  • a coarse separation device composed of a first filter plate and a first filter baffle on the bottom plate, a first oil return cavity on the bottom plate, and a first oil return pipe below the coarse separation device, the coarse separation device is located behind the screen plate and is used for Accelerate the collision of the oil and gas mixture to further separate large oil droplets; a second filter plate, a filter element and a second filter baffle arranged in parallel on the bottom plate, a second oil return chamber on the bottom plate and a second oil return pipe below, and Set in A fine separation device composed of a check valve on a filter plate, said fine separation device is located behind the coarse separation device, and is used for accelerating and colliding the oil and gas mixture again to further separate small oil droplets.
  • the exhaust hole is provided in the fine separation device At the rear, the exhaust hole is used to discharge the separated exhaust gas; due to the setting of the check valve, the check valve is not conducting when the internal pressure is small, and the check valve is conducting when the internal pressure is too high to relieve the separation effect of the internal pressure. , So that the pre-separation device has the characteristics of adaptive voltage regulation.
  • the first filter plate in the coarse separation device is provided with coarse filter holes for accelerating the oil-gas mixture.
  • a filter rib is provided on the first filter baffle for guiding oil droplets to the first oil return cavity.
  • a useful filter baffle is provided on the first filter baffle. Needle-shaped protrusions for increasing the contact area of oil-gas collision, the needle-like protrusions can effectively prevent secondary breakage of oil droplets due to high-speed collision, and improve the efficiency of oil-gas separation.
  • the first oil return chamber is disposed below the first filter baffle.
  • the first filter baffle is a non-closed opening structure for the flow of the oil and gas mixture.
  • the first oil return pipe is provided in the first oil return chamber. bottom.
  • a second filter plate, a filter element and a second filter baffle in the fine separation device are closely arranged on the bottom plate; Secondary acceleration fine filter hole; the outlet end of the check valve is fixed on the second filter plate, because the second filter plate is provided with a fine filter hole, the outlet end of the check valve will cover part of the fine filter Hole, when the internal pressure of the pre-separation device is small, the air pressure is not enough to impact the opening of the check valve, and the oil and gas mixture can be accelerated through the fine filter hole not covered by the check valve.
  • the second filter baffle is provided with small oil droplets for collision separation And diversion small oil drops to the two filter ribs of the second oil return cavity, the second oil return cavity is disposed behind the second filter baffle, and the second filter baffle is a non-closed opening structure;
  • the second oil return pipe is set at the second oil return bottom of.
  • the first oil return pipe and the second oil return pipe are further provided with an umbrella-shaped oil return valve that prevents exhaust gas from recoiling into the pre-separation device, which can effectively prevent the gas oil pre-separation efficiency from being affected by the exhaust gas recoil.
  • the material of the filter element is any one of non-woven fabric, felt, glass fiber, and synthetic fiber.
  • the distance between the first filter plate and the first filter baffle is 2 to 5 mm, and the diameter of the coarse filter hole can be set to 3 to 6 mm according to the amount of air intake of the air inlet.
  • the number of coarse filter holes is set to 10 to 45, so that the flow rate through the first filter plate is controlled at 5 to 8 m / s, and the oil and gas mixture flowing through the first filter plate is in contact with the first filter baffle within this flow rate range. The effect of separating large oil droplets is good.
  • the pore diameter of the fine filter hole may be set to 2 to 3 mm, and the number of the fine filter holes is set to 10 to 54 to pass through the second filter.
  • the flow rate of the orifice plate is controlled at 15-30 m / s, and the oil and gas mixture flowing through the second filter orifice plate has a good effect of separating small oil droplets by colliding with the second filter baffle within this flow rate range.
  • the filter-type adaptive pressure-regulating engine oil-gas separation device can block the inhalation of some large oil droplets during the intake phase, and can also accelerate the oil-gas mixture twice to separate the large oil droplets and small oil droplets and pass through the oil return chamber. Outflow, high separation efficiency; on the adsorption of small oil droplets, the filter element will not be clogged with residue due to the impact of the secondary acceleration, so there is no need to replace the filter element regularly, which can solve the problem of periodic replacement and maintenance; in addition, the filter type is adaptive
  • the oil-gas separation device of the pressure-regulating engine achieves the effect of adaptively adjusting the internal pressure of the pre-separation device by setting a check valve, and realizes a new effect of adaptive pressure adjustment by combining the check valve and the second filter plate;
  • the oil and gas separation device of the adaptive pressure regulating engine can also preset the specifications of the coarse filter holes and the fine filter holes (including the pore size and the number of filter holes) according to the amount of intake air, so as to ensure the flow
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a cylinder head cover according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a pre-separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a pre-separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a filter screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a first filter plate and a first filter baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a first filter baffle provided with needle-shaped protrusions according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a second filter plate, a filter element, a second filter baffle, and a check valve according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fine filter hole covering an outlet end of a check valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a working principle diagram of a check valve in a conducting state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 100 is the cylinder head cover
  • 200 is the pre-separation device
  • 201 is the bottom plate
  • 202 is the screen plate
  • 203 is the first filter plate
  • 204 is the first filter baffle
  • 205 is the second filter plate
  • 206 Is the filter element
  • 207 is the second filter baffle
  • 208 is the first oil return chamber
  • 209 is the first oil return pipe
  • 210 is the second oil return chamber
  • 211 is the second oil return pipe
  • 212 is the air inlet hole
  • 213 is exhaust Holes
  • 214 is a one-way valve
  • 215 is a coarse filter hole
  • 216 is a filter bar
  • 217 is a fine filter hole
  • 218 is a two filter bar
  • 220 is a needle-shaped protrusion.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a filter-type adaptive pressure-regulating engine oil-gas separation device, which includes a pre-separation device provided in a cylinder head cover, the pre-separation device is provided with an air inlet hole and an exhaust hole, The pre-separation device can separate part of the oil droplets during the intake phase of the oil-gas mixture, and then perform two accelerated collision separations in the pre-separation device, and discharge the oil droplets through the oil return pipe.
  • FIG. 1 is a cylinder head cover according to an embodiment of the present invention for providing a fixed installation position of the pre-separation device. As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the cylinder head cover 100 is provided with a pre-separation device 200.
  • the pre-separation device 200 includes:
  • the filter plate 202 due to the function of the filter plate 202, some large oil droplets (oil droplets larger than 10um in diameter) will collide with the filter plate 202 and return, and the remaining oil and gas mixture will enter the pre-separation device 200 through the air inlet 212;
  • a coarse separation device consisting of a first filter plate 203 and a first filter baffle 204 arranged in parallel on the bottom plate 201, a first oil return chamber 208 on the bottom plate 201, and a first oil return pipe 209 thereunder, said rough separation
  • the device is located behind the filter plate 202 and is used to process large oil droplets (referring to the diameter of the oil droplets of 2 to 10um) in the oil and gas mixture; the second filter plate 205, the filter element 206 and the second filter block arranged in parallel on the base plate 201
  • a fine separation device composed of a plate 207, a second oil return chamber 210 on the bottom plate 201 and a second oil return pipe 211 therebelow, and a check valve 214 provided on the second filter plate 205.
  • the fine separation device is located at Behind the coarse separation device, it is used to process small oil droplets in the oil-gas mixture (referring to the diameter of the oil droplets of 0.1 to 2um).
  • the exhaust hole 213 is provided behind the fine separation device to discharge the exhaust gas after separating the oil droplets.
  • the air inlet hole 212, the coarse separation device, the fine separation device, and the exhaust hole 213 constitute an oil and gas passage.
  • the first filter plate 203 and the first filter baffle 204 in the coarse separation device are arranged in parallel on the bottom plate 201 (refer to FIG. 3);
  • the coarse filter 215 is accelerated once for the oil and gas mixture.
  • a filter rib is provided on the first filter baffle 204 for colliding and separating large oil droplets (referring to the diameter of the oil droplets of 2 to 10um) and guiding the large oil droplets to the first oil return cavity 208.
  • the first oil return cavity 208 is disposed below the first filter baffle 204, and the first filter baffle 204 is a non-closed opening structure (easy to form an oil and gas channel), and the first oil return pipe 209 It is set at the bottom of the first oil return chamber 208; after the oil and gas mixture flows through the first filter plate 203 and accelerates, it collides with the first filter baffle 204, and large oil droplets will flow into the first oil return chamber through a filter rib 216 208, the remaining oil and gas mixture flows out through the opening portion (oil and gas channel) of the first filter baffle 204; in another embodiment, as shown in FIG.
  • the first filter baffle 204 is provided for increasing oil and gas Collision of the needle-shaped protrusions 220 on the contact area, the needle-shaped protrusions 220 can effectively absorb large oil droplets that collide with the first filter baffle 204 at high speed and guide the oil droplets to the first oil return cavity 208 to prevent large Due to the high-speed collision of oil droplets, secondary fragmentation is caused (large oil droplet collisions are prone to splashing), which improves the efficiency of oil and gas separation. Droplets through the needle into the first boss portion 220 back to the oil chamber 208, the remaining hydrocarbon mixture flowing through the first baffle opening portion was filtered (oil passage) 204 outflow.
  • the air intake volume of the air inlet holes 212 is 60 L / min
  • the diameter of the coarse filter holes 215 is set to 3 mm
  • the number of the coarse filter holes 215 is set to 27, and the first The distance between the filter plate 203 and the first filter baffle 204 is set to 2 mm, so that the flow velocity through the first filter plate 203 is controlled at about 5 m / s.
  • the oil and gas mixture flowing through the first filter plate 203 is at the flow rate.
  • the effect of separating large oil droplets with the first filter baffle 204 is good under the setting of the distance and the spacing.
  • the air intake volume of the air inlet hole 212 is 100 L / min
  • the diameter of the coarse filter hole 215 It is set to 6 mm
  • the number of the coarse filter holes 215 is set to 10
  • the distance between the first filter plate 203 and the first filter baffle 204 is set to 3 mm, so that the flow rate through the first filter plate 203 is controlled At about 6m / s, at this time, the oil and gas mixture flowing through the first filter plate 203 hits the first filter baffle 204 to separate large oil droplets under the setting of the flow velocity and spacing.
  • the air intake volume of the air inlet hole 212 is 150 L / min
  • the diameter of the coarse filter hole 215 is set to 5 mm
  • the number of the coarse filter holes 215 is set to 25
  • the first filter hole The distance between the plate 203 and the first filter baffle 204 is set to 5 mm, so that the flow velocity through the first filter plate 203 is controlled at about 5 m / s.
  • the oil and gas mixture flowing through the first filter plate 203 is at the flow rate and distance.
  • the effect of separating large oil droplets with the first filter baffle 204 under the setting is good; in another embodiment, if the air intake of the air inlet 212 is 270L / min, the diameter of the coarse filter 215 is set to 6 mm, the number of the coarse filter holes 215 is set to 20, and the distance between the first filter plate 203 and the first filter baffle 204 is set to 4 mm, so that the flow velocity through the first filter plate 203 is controlled to about 8m / s, at this time, the oil and gas mixture flowing through the first filter plate 203 collides with the first filter baffle 204 under the setting of the flow velocity and spacing to separate large oil droplets.
  • the air intake of the air holes 212 is 270 L / min
  • the diameter of the coarse filter holes 215 is set to 3 mm
  • the number of the coarse filter holes 215 is set to 45
  • the distance between the baffles 204 is set to 4 mm, so that the flow velocity through the first filter plate 203 is controlled at about 8 m / s.
  • the oil and gas mixture flowing through the first filter plate 203 is at this flow rate.
  • a first flap 204 strikes the filter effect good separation of large droplets of the pitch setting.
  • the second filter plate 205, the filter element 206, and the second filter baffle 207 in the fine separation device are closely arranged on the bottom plate 201, and the second filter
  • the orifice plate 205 is provided with a one-way valve 214; the second filter orifice plate 205 is provided with a fine filter hole 217 for secondary acceleration of the oil and gas mixture.
  • the oil and gas mixture is accelerated twice under the action of the filter hole 217.
  • the oil and gas mixture will impact the filter element 206 at high speed.
  • the lower part of the filter element 206 is an open structure to facilitate the formation of oil and gas channels.
  • the filter element 206 is used to adsorb the oil and gas mixture twice.
  • the material of the filter element 206 can be non-woven fabric, felt, glass fiber or synthetic fiber.
  • the filter element 206 uses these materials to absorb oil droplets effectively, and the filter element 206 Under the action of high-speed secondary acceleration, there will be no residue on the surface, so regular replacement and maintenance can be avoided.
  • filter cotton is directly used for oil and gas separation. Although its efficiency is high, it needs to be replaced and maintained regularly.
  • the outlet end of the check valve 214 is fixed on the second filter plate 205, because the second filter plate 205 is provided with a fine filter hole 217 Therefore, the outlet end of the check valve 214 will cover a part of the fine filter holes 217.
  • the pressure is not enough to shock the open check valve 214, and the oil and gas mixture can pass through the fine filter not covered by the check valve 214.
  • the hole 217 accelerates.
  • the air pressure of the pre-separation device 200 reaches a certain level (when the flow rate of the oil and gas mixture is greater than 18.2 m / s), the air pressure is sufficient to impact the opening of the check valve 214, and part of the oil and gas mixture will flow through the check valve 214.
  • the fine filter hole 217 achieves the effect of adaptively adjusting the internal pressure of the pre-separation device 200.
  • the principle of the one-way valve 214 is that in the initial state, the top cover of the pre-separation device relies on the spring force against the inlet end. After the degree, the top cover compression spring conducts the check valve (as shown in FIG. 9).
  • the medium can enter the fine filter hole covered by the outlet through the inlet end and flow out; the second filter baffle 207 is provided with useful information. Separates small oil droplets and diverts small oil for collision Two filter ribs 218 dropped to the second oil return chamber 212.
  • the lower part of the second filter baffle 207 is a non-closed opening structure (forms an oil and gas channel), which facilitates the flow of the oil and gas mixture. After the oil and gas mixture flows through the filter element 206, Under the impact of the second filter baffle 207, small oil droplets flow into the second oil return chamber through the two filter ribs 218, and the remaining oil and gas mixture enters the next stage of separation through the opening structure (oil and gas passage) of the second filter baffle 207.
  • the air intake volume of the air inlet holes 212 is 60 L / min
  • the diameter of the fine filter holes 217 is set to 2 mm
  • the number of the fine filter holes 217 is set to 22 (wherein the single The outlet end of the check valve 214 is covered with 4, and the outlet end of the check valve 214 is not covered with 18.
  • the oil and gas mixture can pass through the 18 unfiltered fine filter holes 217).
  • the internal pressure of the pre-separation device 200 is insufficient to make
  • the check valve 214 is turned on, and the flow rate through the second filter plate 205 is controlled at about 18 m / s.
  • the oil and gas mixture flowing through the second filter plate 205 impacts the filter element 206 at this flow rate.
  • the filter element 206 absorbs small oil droplets and the oil and gas mixture Continue to hit the second filter baffle 207 at this flow rate to obtain a better Small oil droplet separation effect;
  • the intake air volume of the air inlet 212 is increased from 60L / min to 78L / min, the internal pressure of the pre-separation device 200 increases, and the check valve 214 conducts under the impact of gas pressure (the oil and gas mixture can pass through 22 fine filter holes 217), at this time, the flow rate through the second filter plate 205 is controlled at about 18.8 m / s, and the oil and gas mixture flowing through the second filter plate 205 impacts the filter element 206 at this flow rate, and the filter element 206 absorbs small oil After the drop of the oil and gas mixture continues to hit the second filter baffle 207 at this flow rate, a better small oil droplet separation effect can be obtained; in another embodiment, for example, the intake air volume of the air inlet 212 is 60 L / min, so The diameter of the fine filter holes 217 is set to
  • the internal pressure of the pre-separation device 200 is not enough to guide the check valve 214.
  • the oil and gas mixture flowing through the second filter plate 205 impacts the filter element 206 at this flow rate, and the filter element 206 adsorbs After the oil droplets, the oil and gas mixture continues to hit the second filter baffle 207 at this flow rate, and a better small oil droplet separation effect can be obtained; when the intake air volume of the air inlet hole 212 is increased from 60L / min to 80L / min, the The internal pressure of the separation device 200 increases, and the check valve 214 conducts under the impact of gas pressure (the oil and gas mixture can pass through 10 fine filter holes 217), so that the flow velocity through the second filter plate 205 is controlled at about 18.9 m / s.
  • the oil and gas mixture of the second filter plate 205 impacts the filter element 206 at the flow rate, the oil and gas mixture continues to hit the second filter baffle 207 at the flow rate after the filter element 206 absorbs small oil droplets, and a better small oil droplet separation effect can be obtained;
  • the air intake volume of the air inlet hole 212 is 120 L / min
  • the diameter of the fine filter hole 217 is set to 2.5 mm
  • the number of the fine filter holes 217 is set to 30 (wherein the single The outlet end of the check valve 214 is covered by 6 and the outlet end of the check valve 214 is not covered with 24.
  • the oil and gas mixture can pass through the 24 unfiltered fine filter holes 217), so that the flow rate through the second filter plate 205 is controlled At about 17m / s, the air pressure inside the pre-separation device 200 is not enough for the check valve 214 to conduct.
  • the oil and gas mixture flowing through the second filter plate 205 impacts the filter element 206 at this flow rate. After the filter element 206 absorbs small oil droplets, the oil and gas mixture continues to hit the second filter baffle 207 at this flow rate to obtain better small oil droplet separation.
  • the fine filter 217 The pore diameter is set to 2.4mm, and the number of the fine filter holes 217 is set to 54 (of which the outlet end of the one-way valve 214 is covered by 12 and the outlet end of the one-way valve 214 is not covered by 42.
  • the oil-gas mixture can pass through Uncovered 42 fine filter holes 217) to pass through the second filter plate
  • the flow rate of 205 is controlled at about 17.5 m / s.
  • the air pressure inside the pre-separation device 200 is not enough to conduct the check valve 214, and the oil and gas mixture flowing through the second filter plate 205 impacts the filter element 206 at this flow rate, and the filter element 206 adsorbs.
  • the oil and gas mixture continues to hit the second filter baffle 207 at this flow rate, and a better small oil droplet separation effect can be obtained;
  • the intake air volume of the air inlet hole 212 is increased from 200L / min to 270L / min,
  • the internal air pressure of the pre-separation device 200 increases, and the check valve 214 conducts under the impact of the gas pressure (the oil and gas mixture can pass through 54 fine filter holes 217), so that the flow velocity through the second filter plate 205 is controlled at about 18.4 m / s,
  • the oil and gas mixture flowing through the second filter plate 205 impacts the filter element 206 at this flow rate.
  • the filter element 206 absorbs small oil droplets
  • the oil and gas mixture continues to hit the second filter baffle 207 at this flow rate, and a better small oil droplet separation effect can be obtained. .
  • the first oil return pipe 209 and the second oil return pipe 211 are further provided with an umbrella-shaped oil return valve (not shown in the figure) to prevent exhaust gas from recoiling into the pre-separation device 200. It can effectively prevent the pre-separation efficiency of oil and gas due to exhaust gas recoil.
  • the filter-type adaptive pressure regulating engine oil-gas separation device can separate part of the oil droplets during the intake phase of the oil-gas mixture, and then perform two operations on the oil-gas mixture.
  • Sub-acceleration separately separating large oil droplets and small oil droplets and flowing out of the oil return chamber, the separation efficiency is high; the specifications of the coarse and fine filter holes (including the size of the pores and the size of the pores) can be preset according to the amount of air intake Number), in order to ensure the velocity of the primary acceleration and secondary acceleration, and improve the efficiency of separating oil droplets by impact.
  • the filter-type adaptive pressure regulating engine oil and gas separation device achieves adaptive adjustment of pre-separation by setting a check valve.
  • the effect of the internal pressure of the device can cope with the problem of excessive pressure in the pre-separation device after the increase of the intake air volume, and finally can meet the national six emission standards.
  • references to "some embodiments”, “one embodiment”, or “an embodiment” in this specification refer to a particular feature, structure, or property described in connection with the embodiment being included in at least one embodiment .
  • the appearances of the phrases “in various embodiments”, “in some embodiments”, “in one embodiment”, or “in embodiments” and the like in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same implementation example.
  • the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
  • a particular feature, structure, or property shown or described in connection with one embodiment can be combined, in whole or in part, with a feature, structure, or property of one or more other embodiments without limitation, as long as the combination is not a non- Logical or not working.
  • each element in the drawings of the present application is for illustrative purposes only, and is not drawn to scale.

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Abstract

一种滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置，包括设置在气缸盖罩（100）内的预分离装置（200），预分离装置（200）开设有进气孔（212）和排气孔（213），气缸盖罩（100）和预分离装置（200）组合形成油气通道，预分离装置（200）包括：布置在底板（201）上的滤网板（202），平行布置在底板（201）上粗分离装置和细分离装置，细分离装置位于粗分离装置后方，排气孔（213）设置在细分离装置后方；该滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置能够对油气混合物进行二次加速，分别分离大油滴和小油滴并通过回油腔流出，分离效率高；此外，该滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置通过设置单向阀（214）达到了自适应调节预分离装置内部压力的效果。

Description

一种滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置 技术领域
本发明属于油气分离技术领域，具体涉及一种滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置。
背景技术
发动机在工作时产生的高温燃气会通过活塞组与气缸之间的间隙窜入曲轴箱内，造成窜气。窜气的成分为未燃烧的燃油气、水蒸气和废气等。水蒸气凝结在机油中稀释机油，降低机油的使用性能；废气中的二氧化硫遇到空气氧化生成硫酸，加速机油的氧化变质，会导致发动机零件的腐蚀和加速磨损；窜气还会使曲轴箱的压力过高而破坏曲轴箱的密封，使机油渗漏流失；加速机油的老化，降低可靠性。因此，需要采用曲轴箱通风系统对窜气进行控制。窜气在流经曲轴箱通风系统时，会携带大量的油气，造成机油损耗，同时恶化排放，因此必须对油气进行分离，减小机油损耗。通过在气缸盖罩中集成油气分离器来对发动机排除的油气进行分离，传统的气缸盖罩只能进行单次分离，效果并不能达到预期。
如公开号为CN205559013U的中国实用新型专利“一种气缸盖罩”，包括气缸盖罩本体，气缸盖罩本体内侧形成有油气预分离腔室，该油气预分离腔室设有预分离进气口和预分离出气口，在油气预分离室内从所述预分离进气口到所述预分离出气口依次设有沿垂直方向间隔排列的多个横向隔板和沿水平方向呈迷宫式间隔排列的多个纵向隔板，横向隔板与纵向隔板之间形成连通预分离进气 口和预分离出气口的迷宫式的油气通道，并在气缸盖罩外侧壁集成有油气分离器。通过以上内容可以发现，现有技术中气缸盖罩油气预分离的核心在于横向隔板与纵向隔板之间形成的迷宫式的油气通道，但其单层结构油气分离能力差，无法分离细小油滴，并且在分离装置内有压差波动时，无法保证流速的稳定性。
如公开号为CN108049937A的中国发明专利申请“气缸盖罩内置油气分离系统”，内置油气分离器，包括：盖罩本体以及设置在该盖罩本体一侧的迷宫腔体和底盖，所述迷宫腔体的一端设置有延伸至盖罩外部的出气接管，顶部开设有呼吸器插口；该迷宫腔体内设有粗滤孔板、迂回式整流结构、精滤孔板和隔位板。通过以上内容可以发现，现有技术中气缸盖罩油气预分离装置设有粗滤孔板和迂回式整流结构，其可以用于油气分离，但超大油滴(直径大于10um的油滴)与大油滴(指油滴直径为2～10um)容易混杂，且不具有油滴吸附和导流效果，会导致进入精滤孔板的油滴直径仍然很大，对于处理小油滴(指油滴直径为0.1～2um)有非常大的影响；现有技术所公开的迂回式整流结构无法解决油气混合物在高速碰撞时产生的油滴二次破碎(碰撞飞溅)问题，油滴流经碰撞迂回式整流结构后无法吸附回收，仍会随着油气混合物流向出口，分离效率低下。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺陷，提供一种新的隔板气驱式发动机油气分离装置，既能分级分离超大油滴、大油滴和细小油滴，而且分离效率高，还能解决油滴吸附回收以及碰撞飞溅的问题，亦不需要定期维护更换滤芯；此外，还能够根据分离装置内部压力，自适应控制流速，提升分离效率， 能满足国六发动机要求。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
本发明提供了一种滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置，包括：设置在气缸盖罩内的预分离装置，所述预分离装置开设有用于接收曲轴箱中油气混合物的进气孔和用于将分离后的废气排出的排气孔，所述气缸盖罩和预分离装置组合形成油气通道，所述预分离装置包括：布置在底板上的滤网板，所述进气孔布置在滤网板上，曲轴箱中的油气混合物自滤网板上的进气孔流入，由于滤网板的作用，油气混合物进气时，部分大油滴会碰撞滤网板而回流；平行布置在底板上的第一滤孔板和第一滤挡板、底板上的第一回油腔和其下的第一回油管组成的粗分离装置，所述粗分离装置位于滤网板后方，用于对油气混合物进行加速碰撞进一步分离大油滴；平行布置在底板上的第二滤孔板、滤芯和第二滤挡板、底板上的第二回油腔和其下的第二回油管、以及设置在第二滤孔板上的单向阀组成的细分离装置，所述细分离装置位于粗分离装置后方，用于对油气混合物进行再次加速碰撞进一步分离小油滴，所述排气孔设置在细分离装置后方，所述排气孔用于排出分离后的废气；由于单向阀的设置，在内部气压较小时单向阀不导通，内部气压过大时单向阀导通缓解内部气压保障分离效果，使得预分离装置具有自适应调压的特性。
所述粗分离装置中的第一滤孔板上设置有用于对油气混合物进行加速的粗滤孔。在一个实施例中，所述第一滤挡板上设置有用于导流油滴到第一回油腔的一滤筋条；在又一个实施例中，所述第一滤挡板上设置有用于增加油气碰撞接触面积的针状凸起部，所述针状凸起部能够有效防止油滴由于高速碰撞造成二次破碎，提高油气分离效率。所述第一回油腔设置在第一滤挡板的下方，所 述第一滤挡板为非封闭的开口结构以便油气混合物的流动，所述第一回油管设置在第一回油腔的底部。
在一个实施例中，所述细分离装置中的第二滤孔板、滤芯和第二滤挡板彼此紧贴地布置在底板上；所述第二滤孔板上设置有用于对油气混合物进行二次加速的细滤孔；所述单向阀的出口端固定在第二滤孔板上，由于第二滤孔板上设有细滤孔，因此单向阀的出口端会覆盖部分细滤孔，在预分离装置内部压力较小时，气压不足以冲击打开单向阀，油气混合物可以通过单向阀未覆盖的细滤孔进行加速，在预分离装置内部压力大到一定程度时，气压足以冲击打开单向阀，部分油气混合物会流经单向阀覆盖的细滤孔，达到了自适应调节预分离装置内部压力的效果；所述第二滤挡板上设置有用于碰撞分离小油滴并导流小油滴到第二回油腔的二滤筋条，所述第二回油腔设置在第二滤挡板后方，所述第二滤挡板为非封闭的开口结构，所述第二回油管设置在第二回油腔的底部。
在一个实施例中，在所述第一回油管和第二回油管还设有防止废气反冲进入预分离装置的伞形回油阀，可以有效防止因废气反冲而影响油气预分离效率。
在一个实施例中，所述滤芯的材质为无纺布、毛毡、玻璃纤维和合成纤维中的任意一种。
在一个实施例中，第一滤孔板和第一滤挡板的间距为2～5mm，根据进气孔的进气量大小，所述粗滤孔的孔径可以设置为3～6mm，所述粗滤孔的个数设置为10～45个，使通过第一滤孔板的流速控制在5～8m/s，流经第一滤孔板油气混合物在该流速范围内与第一滤挡板撞击分离大油滴的效果好。
在一个实施例中，根据进气孔的进气量大小，所述细滤孔的孔径可以设置为2～3mm，所述细滤孔的个数设置为10～54个，使通过第二滤孔板的流速控制 在15～30m/s，流经第二滤孔板油气混合物在该流速范围内与第二滤挡板撞击分离小油滴的效果好。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
该滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置在进气阶段就能够阻挡部分大油滴的吸入，还能够对油气混合物进行两次加速，分别分离大油滴和小油滴并通过回油腔流出，分离效率高；在小油滴的吸附上，滤芯由于二次加速的冲击力不会有残留物堵塞，因此无需定期更换滤芯，能够解决定期更换维护问题；此外，该滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置通过设置单向阀达到了自适应调节预分离装置内部压力的效果，实现了单向阀与第二滤孔板结合产生自适应调压的新效果；该滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置还可以根据进气量的大小预设粗滤孔与细滤孔的规格(包括孔径大小和滤孔个数)，以此保障一次加速和二次加速后的流速，提升撞击分离油滴的效率。
附图说明
以下参照附图对本发明的实施例作进一步说明，其中：
图1为根据本发明一个实施例的气缸盖罩内部结构示意图；
图2为根据本发明一个实施例的预分离装置的三维结构示意图；
图3为根据本发明一个实施例的预分离装置的平面结构示意图；
图4为根据本发明一个实施例的滤网板的结构示意图；
图5为根据本发明一个实施例的第一滤孔板和第一滤挡板的三维结构示意图；
图6为根据本发明一个实施例的第一滤挡板设有针状凸起部的三维结构示意图；
图7为根据本发明一个实施例的第二滤孔板、滤芯、第二滤挡板和单向阀的三维结构示意图；
图8为根据本发明一个实施例的单向阀的出口端覆盖细滤孔的结构示意图；
图9为根据本发明一个实施例的单向阀导通状态下的工作原理图。
图中，100为气缸盖罩，200为预分离装置，201为底板，202为滤网板，203为第一滤孔板，204为第一滤挡板，205为第二滤孔板，206为滤芯，207为第二滤挡板，208为第一回油腔，209第一回油管，210为第二回油腔，211为第二回油管，212为进气孔，213为排气孔，214为单向阀，215为粗滤孔，216为一滤筋条，217为细滤孔，218为二滤筋条，220为针状凸起部。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的，技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图通过具体实施例对本发明进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
在本发明的实施例中提供了一种滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置，包括设置在气缸盖罩内的预分离装置，所述预分离装置开设有进气孔和排气孔，该预分离装置可以在油气混合物进气阶段分离部分油滴，然后在预分离装置中进行两次加速碰撞分离，并将油滴通过回油管排出。图1为根据本发明一个实施例的气缸盖罩用于提供预分离装置的安装固定位置，如图1、图2和图3所示，该气缸盖罩100上设有预分离装置200，所述预分离装置200包括：
布置在底板201上的滤网板202，所述进气孔212设置在滤网板202上(如图3、图4所示)用于吸入发动机曲轴箱中油气混合物，油气混合物在进入预分 离装置200时，由于滤网板202的作用，部分大油滴(直径大于10um的油滴)会碰撞滤网板202而回流，其余油气混合物会通过进气孔212进入预分离装置200；
平行布置在底板201上的第一滤孔板203和第一滤挡板204、底板201上的第一回油腔208和其下的第一回油管209组成的粗分离装置，所述粗分离装置位于滤网板202后方，用于处理油气混合物中的大油滴(指油滴直径为2～10um)；平行布置在底板201上的第二滤孔板205、滤芯206和第二滤挡板207、底板201上的第二回油腔210和其下的第二回油管211、以及设置在第二滤孔板205上的单向阀214组成的细分离装置，所述细分离装置位于粗分离装置后方，用于处理油气混合物中的小油滴(指油滴直径为0.1～2um)；所述排气孔213设置在细分离装置后方用于排出分离油滴后的废气，所述进气孔212、粗分离装置、细分离装置和排气孔213构成油气通道。
如图5所示，所述粗分离装置中的第一滤孔板203和第一滤挡板204平行布置在底板201上(参考图3)；所述第一滤孔板203上设置有用于对油气混合物进行一次加速的粗滤孔215。在一个实施例中，所述第一滤挡板204上设置有用于碰撞分离大油滴(指油滴直径为2～10um)并导流大油滴到第一回油腔208的一滤筋条216，所述第一回油腔208设置在第一滤挡板204的下方，所述第一滤挡板204为非封闭的开口结构(便于形成油气通道)，所述第一回油管209设置在第一回油腔208的底部；油气混合物流经第一滤孔板203的加速后与第一滤挡板204进行撞击，大油滴将通过一滤筋条216流入第一回油腔208，其余的油气混合物流经第一滤挡板204的开口部分(油气通道)流出；在又一个实施例中，如图6所示，所述第一滤挡板204上设置有用于增加油气碰撞接触面积 的针状凸起部220，所述针状凸起部220能够有效吸附高速碰撞第一滤挡板204的大油滴并将油滴导流到第一回油腔208，防止大油滴由于高速碰撞造成二次破碎(大油滴碰撞容易产生飞溅)，提高了油气分离效率，大油滴通过针状凸起部220流入第一回油腔208，其余的油气混合物流经第一滤挡板204的开口部分(油气通道)流出。
在一个实施例中，如进气孔212的进气量为60L/min，所述粗滤孔215的孔径设置为3mm，所述粗滤孔215的个数设置为27个，所述第一滤孔板203和第一滤挡板204的间距设置为2mm，使通过第一滤孔板203的流速控制在约5m/s，此时，流经第一滤孔板203油气混合物在该流速和间距的设置下与第一滤挡板204撞击分离大油滴的效果好；在又一个实施例中，如进气孔212的进气量为100L/min，所述粗滤孔215的孔径设置为6mm，所述粗滤孔215的个数设置为10个，所述第一滤孔板203和第一滤挡板204的间距设置为3mm，使通过第一滤孔板203的流速控制在约6m/s，此时，流经第一滤孔板203油气混合物在该流速和间距的设置下与第一滤挡板204撞击分离大油滴的效果好；在又一个实施例中，如进气孔212的进气量为150L/min，所述粗滤孔215的孔径设置为5mm，所述粗滤孔215的个数设置为25个，所述第一滤孔板203和第一滤挡板204的间距设置为5mm，使通过第一滤孔板203的流速控制在约5m/s，此时，流经第一滤孔板203油气混合物在该流速和间距的设置下与第一滤挡板204撞击分离大油滴的效果好；在又一个实施例中，如进气孔212的进气量为270L/min，所述粗滤孔215的孔径设置为6mm，所述粗滤孔215的个数设置为20个，所述第一滤孔板203和第一滤挡板204的间距设置为4mm，使通过第一滤孔板203的流速控制在约8m/s，此时，流经第一滤孔板203油气混合物在该流速和间距的设 置下与第一滤挡板204撞击分离大油滴的效果好；在又一个实施例中，如进气孔212的进气量为270L/min，所述粗滤孔215的孔径设置为3mm，所述粗滤孔215的个数设置为45个，所述第一滤孔板203和第一滤挡板204的间距设置为4mm，使通过第一滤孔板203的流速控制在约8m/s，此时，流经第一滤孔板203油气混合物在该流速和间距的设置下与第一滤挡板204撞击分离大油滴的效果好。
在一个实施例中，如图3所示，所述细分离装置中的第二滤孔板205、滤芯206和第二滤挡板207彼此紧贴地布置在底板201上，所述第二滤孔板205上设有单向阀214；所述第二滤孔板205上设置有用于对油气混合物进行二次加速的细滤孔217，油气混合物流经第二滤孔板205时，在细滤孔217的作用下油气混合物进行了二次加速，油气混合物会对所述滤芯206进行高速冲击，所述滤芯206下部为开口结构便于形成油气通道，所述滤芯206用于吸附油气混合物二次加速后的小油滴(指油滴直径为0.1～2um)，其中滤芯206的材质可以为无纺布、毛毡、玻璃纤维或合成纤维，滤芯206采用这些材质吸附油滴效果佳，并且滤芯206在二次加速的高速冲击作用下，其表面不会聚集残留物，因此可以免除定期更换维护(现有技术中直接采用滤棉进行油气分离，其效率虽高，但是需定期更换维护滤棉，其维护成本较高)；如图7、图8所示，所述单向阀214的出口端固定在第二滤孔板205上，由于第二滤孔板205上设有细滤孔217，因此单向阀214的出口端会覆盖部分细滤孔217，在预分离装置200内部压力较小时，气压不足以冲击打开单向阀214，油气混合物可以通过单向阀214未覆盖的细滤孔217进行加速，在预分离装置200内部压力大到一定程度时(油气混合物流速大于18.2m/s时)，气压足以冲击打开单向阀214，部分油气混合物会流经单 向阀214覆盖的细滤孔217，达到了自适应调节预分离装置200内部压力的效果；所述单向阀214的原理是初始状态下，其顶盖依靠弹簧弹力顶住入口端，只有在入口端压力大于一定程度后，顶盖压缩弹簧使单向阀导通(如图9所示)，此时介质可经入口端进入从出口端覆盖的细滤孔流出；所述第二滤挡板207上设置有用于碰撞分离小油滴并导流小油滴到第二回油腔212的二滤筋条218，所述第二滤挡板207的下部为非封闭的开口结构(形成油气通道)，便于油气混合物的流动，油气混合物流经滤芯206后在第二滤挡板207的撞击作用下，小油滴通过二滤筋条218流入第二回油腔，其余油气混合物通过第二滤挡板207的开口结构(油气通道)进入下一级分离装置；在一个实施例中，如进气孔212的进气量为60L/min，所述细滤孔217的孔径设置为2mm，所述细滤孔217的个数设置为22个(其中单向阀214的出口端覆盖4个，未被单向阀214的出口端覆盖有18个，油气混合物可以通过未被覆盖的18个细滤孔217)，此时预分离装置200内部气压不足以使单向阀214导通，通过第二滤孔板205的流速控制在约18m/s，流经第二滤孔板205油气混合物在该流速下冲击滤芯206，滤芯206吸附小油滴后油气混合物在该流速下继续撞击第二滤挡板207，可以获得较好的小油滴分离效果；当进气孔212的进气量从60L/min提升至78L/min时，预分离装置200内部气压增加，单向阀214在气体压力冲击下导通(油气混合物可以通过22个细滤孔217)，此时通过第二滤孔板205的流速控制在约18.8m/s，流经第二滤孔板205油气混合物在该流速下冲击滤芯206，滤芯206吸附小油滴后油气混合物在该流速下继续撞击第二滤挡板207，可以获得较好的小油滴分离效果；在又一个实施例中，如进气孔212的进气量为60L/min，所述细滤孔217的孔径设置为3mm，所述细滤孔217的个数设置为10个(其中单向阀214的出 口端覆盖2个，未被单向阀214的出口端覆盖有8个，油气混合物可以通过未被覆盖的8个细滤孔217)，使通过第二滤孔板205的流速控制在约17.7m/s，此时预分离装置200内部气压不足以使单向阀214导通，流经第二滤孔板205油气混合物在该流速下冲击滤芯206，滤芯206吸附小油滴后油气混合物在该流速下继续撞击第二滤挡板207，可以获得较好的小油滴分离效果；当进气孔212的进气量从60L/min提升至80L/min时，预分离装置200内部气压增加，单向阀214在气体压力冲击下导通(油气混合物可以通过10个细滤孔217)，使通过第二滤孔板205的流速控制在约18.9m/s，流经第二滤孔板205油气混合物在该流速下冲击滤芯206，滤芯206吸附小油滴后油气混合物在该流速下继续撞击第二滤挡板207，可以获得较好的小油滴分离效果；在又一个实施例中，如进气孔212的进气量为120L/min，所述细滤孔217的孔径设置为2.5mm，所述细滤孔217的个数设置为30个(其中单向阀214的出口端覆盖6个，未被单向阀214的出口端覆盖有24个，油气混合物可以通过未被覆盖的24个细滤孔217)，使通过第二滤孔板205的流速控制在约17m/s，此时预分离装置200内部气压不足以使单向阀214导通，流经第二滤孔板205油气混合物在该流速下冲击滤芯206，滤芯206吸附小油滴后油气混合物在该流速下继续撞击第二滤挡板207，可以获得较好的小油滴分离效果；当进气孔212的进气量从120L/min提升至165L/min时，预分离装置200内部气压增加，单向阀214在气体压力冲击下导通(油气混合物可以通过30个细滤孔217)，使通过第二滤孔板205的流速控制在约18.7m/s，流经第二滤孔板205油气混合物在该流速下冲击滤芯206，滤芯206吸附小油滴后油气混合物在该流速下继续撞击第二滤挡板207，可以获得较好的小油滴分离效果；在又一个实施例中，如进气孔212的进气量为200L/min，所 述细滤孔217的孔径设置为2.4mm，所述细滤孔217的个数设置为54个(其中单向阀214的出口端覆盖12个，未被单向阀214的出口端覆盖有42个，油气混合物可以通过未被覆盖的42个细滤孔217)，使通过第二滤孔板205的流速控制在约17.5m/s，此时预分离装置200内部气压不足以使单向阀214导通，流经第二滤孔板205油气混合物在该流速下冲击滤芯206，滤芯206吸附小油滴后油气混合物在该流速下继续撞击第二滤挡板207，可以获得较好的小油滴分离效果；当进气孔212的进气量从200L/min提升至270L/min时，预分离装置200内部气压增加，单向阀214在气体压力冲击下导通(油气混合物可以通过54个细滤孔217)，使通过第二滤孔板205的流速控制在约18.4m/s，流经第二滤孔板205油气混合物在该流速下冲击滤芯206，滤芯206吸附小油滴后油气混合物在该流速下继续撞击第二滤挡板207，可以获得较好的小油滴分离效果。
在一个实施例中，继续参考图2，在所述第一回油管209和第二回油管211还设有防止废气反冲进入预分离装置200的伞形回油阀(图中未示出)，可以有效防止因废气反冲而影响油气预分离效率。
从上述实施例可以看出，与现有技术相比，根据本发明实施例的滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置能够在油气混合物进气阶段分离部分油滴，然后对油气混合物进行两次加速，分别分离大油滴和小油滴并通过回油腔流出，分离效率高；还可以根据进气量的大小预设粗滤孔与细滤孔的规格(包括孔径大小和滤孔个数)，以此保障一次加速和二次加速后的流速，提升撞击分离油滴的效率，此外，该滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置通过设置单向阀达到了自适应调节预分离装置内部压力的效果，能够应对进气量增加后预分离装置内部气压过大的问题，最终能满足国六排放的标准。
本说明书中针对“一些实施例”、“一个实施例”、或“实施例”等的参考指代的是结合所述实施例所描述的特定特征、结构、或性质包括在至少一个实施例中。因此，短语“在各个实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”、“在一个实施例中”、或“在实施例中”等在整个说明书中各地方的出现并非必须指代相同的实施例。此外，特定特征、结构、或性质可以在一个或多个实施例中以任何合适方式组合。因此，结合一个实施例中所示出或描述的特定特征、结构或性质可以整体地或部分地与一个或多个其他实施例的特征、结构、或性质无限制地组合，只要该组合不是非逻辑性的或不能工作。另外，本申请附图中的各个元素仅仅为了示意说明，并非按比例绘制。
由此描述了本发明的至少一个实施例的几个方面，可以理解，对本领域技术人员来说容易地进行各种改变、修改和改进。这种改变、修改和改进意于在本发明的精神和范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置，包括：设置在气缸盖罩内的预分离装置，所述预分离装置开设有进气孔和排气孔，所述气缸盖罩和预分离装置组合形成油气通道，其特征在于，所述预分离装置包括：
    布置在底板上的滤网板，所述进气孔布置在滤网板上；
    平行布置在底板上的第一滤孔板和第一滤挡板、底板上的第一回油腔和其下的第一回油管组成的粗分离装置，所述粗分离装置位于滤网板后方；
    平行布置在底板上的第二滤孔板、滤芯和第二滤挡板、底板上的第二回油腔和其下的第二回油管、以及设置在第二滤孔板上的单向阀组成的细分离装置，所述细分离装置位于粗分离装置后方，所述排气孔设置在细分离装置后方。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置，其特征在于：所述粗分离装置中的第一滤孔板上设置有粗滤孔，所述第一滤挡板上设置有一滤筋条或针状凸起部，所述第一回油腔设置在第一滤挡板的下方，所述第一滤挡板为非封闭的开口结构，所述第一回油管设置在第一回油腔的底部。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置，其特征在于：所述细分离装置中的第二滤孔板、滤芯和第二滤挡板彼此紧贴地布置在底板上；所述第二滤孔板上设置有细滤孔，所述单向阀的出口端固定在第二滤孔板上，所述第二滤挡板上设置有二滤筋条，所述第二回油腔设置在第二滤挡板后方，所述第二滤挡板为非封闭的开口结构，所述第二回油管设置在第二回油腔的底部。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置，其特征在于：所述滤芯的材质为无纺布、毛毡、玻璃纤维或合成纤维中的任意一种。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置，其特征在于：在所述第一回油管和第二回油管还设有防止废气反冲进入预分离装置的伞形回油阀。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置，其特征在于：所述排气孔上还设置有用于排出油气混合物的出气管。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置，其特征在于：第一滤孔板和第一滤挡板的间距为2～5mm，所述粗滤孔的孔径为3～6mm，所述粗滤孔的个数为10～45个。
  8. 如权利要求3所述的滤网式自适应调压发动机油气分离装置，其特征在于：所述细滤孔的孔径为2～3mm，所述细滤孔的个数为10～54个。
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