WO2020044386A1 - 冷凍装置および熱源側ユニット - Google Patents
冷凍装置および熱源側ユニット Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020044386A1 WO2020044386A1 PCT/JP2018/031488 JP2018031488W WO2020044386A1 WO 2020044386 A1 WO2020044386 A1 WO 2020044386A1 JP 2018031488 W JP2018031488 W JP 2018031488W WO 2020044386 A1 WO2020044386 A1 WO 2020044386A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- heat exchanger
- flow path
- unit
- side heat
- source side
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
- F25B41/22—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves between evaporator and compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
- F25D21/06—Removing frost
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0401—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0403—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0409—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the evaporator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigeration apparatus and a heat source side unit.
- JP-A-2006-336967 discloses a refrigeration apparatus in which high-temperature refrigerant discharged from a compressor is supplied to a heat exchanger to be defrosted during a defrosting operation.
- the refrigerant supplied from the compressor to the heat exchanger to be defrosted during the defrosting operation flows out of the heat exchanger and is compressed without flowing through another heat exchanger. Inhaled by the machine. Therefore, in the refrigerating apparatus, it is necessary to limit the amount of heat supplied to the heat exchanger to be defrosted, and it has been difficult to increase the defrosting efficiency.
- a main object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration apparatus having a higher defrosting efficiency than a conventional refrigeration apparatus and a heat source side unit constituting a part of the refrigeration apparatus.
- the refrigeration apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit through which the refrigerant circulates.
- the refrigerant circuit includes a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, a first pressure reducing unit, a use side heat exchanger, a second pressure reducing unit, an auxiliary heat exchanger, and a flow switching unit.
- the heat source side heat exchanger and the auxiliary heat exchanger function as a first condenser
- the use side heat exchanger functions as a first evaporator
- the refrigerant is a compressor, a first condenser, A first state in which the first decompression section and the first evaporator sequentially flow
- the use-side heat exchanger acts as a second condenser
- the auxiliary heat exchanger acts as a second evaporator
- the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor.
- auxiliary heat exchanger acts as an evaporator in the second state
- a refrigeration unit having a higher defrosting efficiency than a conventional refrigeration unit and a heat source side unit constituting a part of the refrigeration unit are provided. Can be provided.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a refrigeration apparatus and a heat source side unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a first state of the refrigeration apparatus and the heat source side unit illustrated in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a second state of the refrigeration apparatus and the heat source side unit illustrated in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a refrigeration apparatus and a heat source side unit according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a first state of the refrigeration apparatus and the heat source side unit illustrated in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a second state of the refrigeration apparatus and the heat source side unit illustrated in FIG. 4. It is a figure which shows the refrigerating apparatus and heat source side unit which concern on Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a second state of the refrigeration apparatus and the heat source side unit illustrated in FIG. 7. It is a figure which shows the refrigerating apparatus and heat source side unit which concern on Embodiment 4. It is a figure which shows the 1st state of the refrigerating apparatus and heat source side unit shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the 2nd state of the refrigerating apparatus and heat source side unit shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the refrigerating apparatus and heat-source side unit which concern on Embodiment 4.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a second state of the refrigeration apparatus and the heat source side unit illustrated in FIG. 7. It is a figure which shows the refrigerating apparatus and heat source side unit which concern on Embodiment 4. It is a figure which shows the 1st state of the refrigerating apparatus and heat source side unit shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the 2nd state of the refrigerating apparatus and heat source side unit shown in FIG. It is a
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another modification of the refrigeration apparatus and the heat source side unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a first state of still another modification of the refrigeration apparatus and the heat source side unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a second state of the refrigeration apparatus and the heat source side unit illustrated in FIG. 15.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a first state of a modification of the refrigerating apparatus and the heat source side unit illustrated in FIGS. 15 and 16.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing still another modification of the refrigeration apparatus and the heat source side unit according to Embodiment 1.
- refrigeration apparatus 100 includes a refrigerant circuit in which refrigerant circulates.
- the refrigerant circuit includes a compressor 1, a heat source side heat exchanger 2, an auxiliary heat exchanger 3, a first decompression unit 4, a use side heat exchanger 5, a second decompression unit 6, a plurality of flow path switching units, and a plurality of Includes rectifier.
- the refrigeration apparatus 100 further includes a first fan 7, a second fan 8, and a third fan 9.
- the refrigerant is not particularly limited, but is, for example, a refrigerant having a low global warming potential (GWP) and includes at least one selected from the group consisting of R410A, R32, and CO 2 .
- the refrigerant may be a mixed refrigerant containing at least one selected from the above group.
- the compressor 1 has a suction port 1A through which the refrigerant is sucked and a discharge port 1B through which the refrigerant is discharged.
- the compressor 1 is, for example, an inverter compressor whose rotation speed is inverter-controlled.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and the use side heat exchanger 5 are provided so as to perform, for example, heat exchange between refrigerant and air.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 2 has a first outflow / inflow portion 2A and a second outflow / inflow portion 2B through which the refrigerant flows.
- the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 has a third outflow / inflow portion 3A and a fourth outflow / inflow portion 3B through which the refrigerant flows.
- the use side heat exchanger 5 has a fifth outflow / inflow portion 5A and a sixth outflow / inflow portion 5B through which the refrigerant flows in and out.
- the first pressure reducing section 4 and the second pressure reducing section 6 are, for example, electronic expansion valves whose opening degree can be adjusted. Note that the first decompression unit 4 and the second decompression unit 6 may be capillaries whose opening degree cannot be adjusted.
- the use side heat exchanger 5 is disposed inside a space to be cooled by the refrigeration apparatus 100, for example, in a freezer.
- the compressor 1, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, the first decompression unit 4, and the second decompression unit 6 are arranged outside the space, for example, outside the freezer.
- the first fan 7 supplies air outside the freezer to the heat source side heat exchanger 2.
- the second fan 8 supplies air outside the freezer to the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the third fan 9 supplies the air in the freezer to the use-side heat exchanger 5.
- the plurality of flow path switching units are provided so as to switch the circulation path of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit to switch between a first state and a second state described later.
- the plurality of channel switching units include, for example, a first channel switching unit and a second channel switching unit.
- the first flow path switching unit 10A includes, for example, a first on-off valve 11, a second on-off valve 12, a fifth on-off valve 15, and a sixth on-off valve 16.
- the second flow path switching unit 10B has, for example, a third on-off valve 13 and a fourth on-off valve 14. Note that the first flow path switching unit may have two three-way valves instead of the four on-off valves.
- the second flow path switching unit may have one three-way valve instead of two on-off valves.
- the refrigerant circuit includes a first flow path and a second flow path that connect between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5, and a sixth flow path of the use side heat exchanger 5. It has a third flow path and a fourth flow path that connect between the inflow / outflow portion 5B and the suction port 1A of the compressor 1.
- the first flow path connects the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 via the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the heat source side heat exchanger 2.
- the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the first decompression unit 4, and the fifth inflow / outlet unit 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 are sequentially connected in series.
- a first on-off valve 11 and a fifth on-off valve 15 for opening and closing the first flow path are arranged in the first flow path.
- the first on-off valve 11 is disposed between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the third inflow / outflow portion 3A of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the fifth on-off valve 15 is provided between the second inflow / outflow portion 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the first pressure reducing portion 4 and between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the first pressure reducing portion 4. Are located.
- the second flow path connects between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 without passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the heat source side heat exchanger 2.
- the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 are connected in series.
- a second on-off valve 12 and a sixth on-off valve 16 for opening and closing the second flow path are arranged in the second flow path.
- the second on-off valve 12 is disposed between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use-side heat exchanger 5.
- the sixth on-off valve 16 is located between the second inflow / outflow portion 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5, and is connected to the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the use side. It is arranged between the heat exchanger 5 and the fifth outflow / inflow portion 5A.
- the first flow path and the second flow path have a first branch point, a second branch point, a fifth branch point, and a sixth branch point where the refrigerant branches or merges.
- the first branch point, the second branch point, the fifth branch point, and the sixth branch point are sequentially connected in series.
- the first branch point is located upstream of the third inflow / outflow portion 3A of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in the first flow path.
- the second branch point is located downstream of the second inflow / outflow section 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and upstream of the first pressure reducing section 4 in the first flow path.
- the fifth branch point is disposed downstream of the second branch point and upstream of the first pressure reducing unit 4 in the first flow path.
- the sixth branch point is disposed downstream of the first pressure reducing unit 4 in the first flow path.
- the first flow path and the second flow path connect the first branch point and the second branch point in parallel, and connect the fifth branch point and the sixth branch point in parallel.
- the first flow path and the second flow path connect the discharge port 1 ⁇ / b> B of the compressor 1 and the first branch point by a common pipeline, and connect the sixth branch point and the use side heat exchanger 5.
- the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A is connected by a common pipeline.
- the second flow path has a first bypass flow path and a second bypass flow path branched from the first flow path.
- the first bypass flow path connects between the first branch point and the second branch point.
- the second bypass flow path connects between the fifth branch point and the sixth branch point.
- the first bypass flow path bypasses the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the heat source side heat exchanger 2.
- the second bypass flow path bypasses the first pressure reducing unit 4.
- the first flow path switching unit 10A is provided to switch between the first flow path and the first bypass flow path.
- the third flow path switching unit 10C is provided to switch between the first flow path and the second bypass flow path.
- the second flow path is formed by closing the first flow path and opening the first bypass flow path and the second bypass flow path by the first flow path switching unit 10A and the third flow path switching unit 10C. Is done.
- the first flow path and the second flow path are formed of a common conduit, and include a first common flow path C1, a second common flow path C2, and a fifth common flow path. It has a road C5. Further, the first flow path has a first non-common flow path L1 and a fifth non-common flow path L5 that are configured by different pipelines from the second flow path. The second flow path has a second non-common flow path L2 and a sixth non-common flow path L6 that are configured by different pipes from the first flow path.
- One end of the first common flow path C1 is connected to the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1.
- the other end of the first common channel C1 is connected to a first branch point.
- the first common channel C1 is arranged between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the first channel switching unit 10A.
- One end of the second common flow path C2 is connected to the second branch point.
- the other end of the second common flow path C2 is connected to a fifth branch point.
- the second common flow path C2 is disposed between the second inflow / outflow section 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the first pressure reduction section 4 in the first flow path.
- One end of the fifth common channel C5 is connected to the sixth branch point.
- the other end of the fifth common flow path C5 is connected to the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5.
- the fifth common flow path C5 is disposed between the first pressure reducing section 4 and the fifth inflow / outflow section 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 in the first flow path.
- the first non-common channel L1 and the second non-common channel L2 connect the first common channel C1 and the second common channel C2 in parallel with each other.
- One end of each of the first non-common channel L1 and the second non-common channel L2 is connected to a first branch point.
- the other ends of the first non-common channel L1 and the second non-common channel L2 are connected to a second branch point.
- the second non-common channel L2 constitutes the first bypass channel.
- the fifth non-common channel L5 and the sixth non-common channel L6 connect the second common channel C2 and the fifth common channel C5 in parallel with each other.
- One end of each of the fifth non-common channel L5 and the sixth non-common channel L6 is connected to a fifth branch point.
- the other ends of the fifth non-common channel L5 and the sixth non-common channel L6 are connected to a sixth branch point.
- the sixth non-common channel L6 constitutes the second bypass channel.
- the first common channel C1, the first non-common channel L1, the second common channel C2, the fifth non-common channel L5, and the fifth common channel C5 are connected in series.
- the first common channel C1, the second non-common channel L2, the second common channel C2, the sixth non-common channel L6, and the fifth common channel C5 are connected in series. .
- the first non-common flow path L1 includes the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the heat source side heat exchanger 2.
- the fifth non-common channel L5 includes the first pressure reducing unit 4. That is, the first flow path connects the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, and the first depressurization between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5. Connect via section 4.
- the first non-common flow path L1 further includes a first on-off valve 11.
- the fifth non-common flow path L5 further includes a fifth on-off valve 15. That is, when the first on-off valve 11 and the fifth on-off valve 15 are opened, the refrigerant flows through the first flow path.
- the second non-common flow path L2 does not include the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the heat source side heat exchanger 2.
- the sixth non-common channel L6 does not include the first pressure reducing unit 4. That is, the second flow path connects the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, and the first decompression section between the discharge port 1 ⁇ / b> B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outlet section 5 ⁇ / b> A of the use side heat exchanger 5. The connection is made without passing through the section 4.
- the second non-common flow path L2 includes the second on-off valve 12.
- the sixth non-common channel L6 includes a sixth on-off valve 16. That is, when the second on-off valve 12 and the sixth on-off valve 16 are opened, the refrigerant flows through the second flow path.
- the third flow path connects between the sixth inflow / outflow portion 5B of the use side heat exchanger 5 and the suction port 1A of the compressor 1 via the second decompression portion 6 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the sixth inflow / outlet portion 5B of the use side heat exchanger 5, the second decompression portion 6, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and the suction port 1A of the compressor 1 are connected in series in this order.
- a third on-off valve 13 that opens and closes the third flow path is disposed in the third flow path.
- the third on-off valve 13 is disposed between the fourth inflow / outflow portion 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the suction port 1A of the compressor 1.
- the fourth flow path connects between the sixth inflow / outflow portion 5B of the use side heat exchanger 5 and the suction port 1A of the compressor 1 without passing through the second decompression portion 6 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the sixth inflow / outflow portion 5B of the use side heat exchanger 5 and the suction port 1A of the compressor 1 are connected in series.
- a fourth on-off valve 14 for opening and closing the fourth flow path is disposed in the fourth flow path.
- the fourth on-off valve 14 is arranged between the sixth inflow / outflow portion 5B of the use side heat exchanger 5 and the suction port 1A of the compressor 1.
- the third flow path and the fourth flow path have a third branch point and a fourth branch point where the refrigerant branches or merges.
- the third branch point and the fourth branch point are connected in series in order.
- the third branch point is located upstream of the second pressure reducing unit 6 in the third flow path.
- the fourth branch point is disposed downstream of the fourth inflow / outflow portion 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in the third flow path.
- the third flow path and the fourth flow path connect the third branch point and the fourth branch point in parallel.
- the third flow path and the fourth flow path connect the sixth inflow / outlet portion 5B of the use side heat exchanger 5 and the third branch point by a common pipeline, and the fourth branch point and the compressor
- the first suction port 1A is connected to the first suction port 1A by a common conduit.
- the fourth flow path has a third bypass flow path branched from the third flow path.
- One end of the third bypass flow path is connected to the third branch point, and the other end of the third bypass flow path is connected to the fourth branch point.
- the second flow path switching unit 10B is provided to switch between the third flow path and the third bypass flow path.
- the fourth flow path is formed by the second flow path switching unit 10B closing the third flow path and opening the third bypass flow path.
- the third flow path and the fourth flow path have a third common flow path C3 and a fourth common flow path C4 formed of a common conduit. Further, the third flow path has a third non-common flow path L3 configured by a pipe different from the fourth flow path. The fourth flow path has a fourth non-common flow path L4 configured by a pipe different from the third flow path.
- One end of the third common flow path C3 is connected to the sixth inflow / outflow portion 5B of the use side heat exchanger 5. That is, the third common flow path C3 is connected to the fifth common flow path C5 via the use side heat exchanger 5. The other end of the third common channel C3 is connected to a third branch point.
- the third common flow channel C3 is disposed between the sixth inflow / outflow portion 5B of the use side heat exchanger 5 and the second pressure reduction portion 6 in the third flow channel.
- One end of the fourth common flow path C4 is connected to the fourth branch point.
- the other end of the fourth common flow path C4 is connected to the suction port 1A of the compressor 1.
- the fourth common flow path C4 is disposed between the second flow path switching unit 10B and the suction port 1A of the compressor 1.
- the third non-common channel L3 and the fourth non-common channel L4 connect the third common channel C3 and the fourth common channel C4 in parallel with each other.
- the fourth non-common flow path L4 constitutes the third bypass flow path.
- a third common flow path C3, a third non-common flow path L3, and a fourth common flow path C4 are connected in series.
- a third common flow path C3, a fourth non-common flow path L4, and a fourth common flow path C4 are connected in series.
- the third non-common channel L3 includes the second decompression unit 6 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the third flow path connects between the sixth inflow / outlet section 5B of the use side heat exchanger 5 and the suction port 1A of the compressor 1 via the second pressure reducing section 6 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the fourth non-common channel L4 does not include the second decompression unit 6 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the fourth flow path connects between the sixth inflow / outflow portion 5B of the use side heat exchanger 5 and the suction port 1A of the compressor 1 without passing through the second decompression portion 6 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the third non-common channel L3 further includes a third on-off valve 13.
- the fourth non-common channel L4 further includes a fourth on-off valve 14. That is, when the third on-off valve 13 is opened, the refrigerant flows through the third flow path, and when the fourth on-off valve 14 is opened, the refrigerant flows through the fourth flow path.
- the first on-off valve 11, the fourth on-off valve 14, and the fifth on-off valve 15 are opened, and the second on-off valve 12, the third on-off valve 13, and the sixth on-off valve 16 is closed.
- the first on-off valve 11, the fourth on-off valve 14, and the fifth on-off valve 15 are closed, and the second on-off valve 12, the third on-off valve 13, and the sixth on-off valve The on-off valve 16 is opened.
- the first non-common flow path L1 of the first flow path and the third non-common flow path L3 of the third flow path include the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in common. That is, the first non-common channel L ⁇ b> 1 and the third non-common channel L ⁇ b> 3 have the sixth common channel C ⁇ b> 6 including the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the refrigerant circuit further includes a plurality of rectification units for rectifying the refrigerant.
- the plurality of rectifiers include a first rectifier 17, a second rectifier 18, and a third rectifier 19.
- the first rectification unit 17 is provided between the second decompression unit 6 and the third inflow / outflow unit 3A of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in the third non-common flow path L3, specifically, the sixth decompression unit 6 and the sixth common flow passage L3. It is arranged between the flow path C6.
- the first rectifying unit 17 allows the refrigerant flowing from the second pressure reducing unit 6 to the third inflow / outflow unit 3A of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 to restrict the flow of the refrigerant in the opposite direction.
- the second rectification unit 18 is provided between the fourth inflow / outflow unit 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the first inflow / outflow unit 2A of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 in the first non-common flow path L1, specifically, the sixth common flow passage L1. It is arranged between the flow path C6 and the first inflow / outflow portion 2A of the heat source side heat exchanger 2.
- the second rectifying unit 18 allows the refrigerant flowing from the fourth inflow / outflow unit 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 to the first inflow / outflow unit 2A of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 to restrict the flow of the refrigerant in the opposite direction.
- the third rectification unit 19 is disposed between the second inflow / outflow unit 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the second branch point in the first non-common flow path L1.
- the third rectifying section 19 allows the refrigerant flowing from the second inflow / outflow section 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 toward the second common flow path C2 to restrict the flow of the refrigerant in the opposite direction.
- the refrigeration apparatus 100 includes the heat source side unit 200 and the decompression unit 300 arranged outside the space to be cooled, and the use side unit 400 arranged inside the space to be cooled.
- the heat source side unit 200 is configured separately from, for example, the decompression unit 300.
- the heat source side unit 200 is housed in the first housing.
- the decompression unit 300 is housed in the fifth housing.
- the first housing forms an outer shell of the heat source side unit 200.
- the fifth housing forms an outer shell of the decompression unit 300.
- the first housing includes a part of the refrigerant circuit including the compressor 1, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and the second pressure reducing unit 6, and the first fan 7 and the second fan 8. Housed inside.
- the fifth housing houses a part of the refrigerant circuit including the first decompression unit 4 therein.
- Each part of the first flow path and the second flow path, the third flow path, and the fourth flow path are arranged inside the first housing.
- Another part of the first flow path and the second flow path is disposed inside the fifth housing.
- the use-side unit 400 includes a second housing (not shown).
- the second housing forms an outer shell of the usage-side unit 400.
- the second housing houses another part of the refrigerant circuit including the use-side heat exchanger 5 and the third fan 9 therein.
- a part of the refrigerant circuit arranged inside the first housing and another part of the refrigerant circuit arranged inside the second housing are connected via two pipes. .
- the heat source side unit 200 includes, for example, a first unit 500 and a second unit 600, and is configured as a connection body in which the units are detachably connected to each other.
- the first unit 500 includes, for example, the compressor 1, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, and the first fan 7.
- the second unit 600 includes an auxiliary heat exchanger 3, a second fan 8, a first flow switching unit 10A, a second flow switching unit 10B, a first rectifying unit 17, a second rectifying unit 18, and a third rectifying unit. 19 inclusive.
- the pressure reducing unit 300 includes a first pressure reducing unit 4 and a third flow switching unit 10C.
- the first unit 500 includes a first pipe 210A forming a part of the first common flow path C1, a second pipe 210B and a third pipe 210C forming a part of the first non-common flow path L1, and a fourth common flow path. It is connected to the second unit 600 via a total of four pipes, a fourth pipe 210D forming a part of C4.
- the second unit 600 is connected to the pressure reducing unit 300 via a pipe forming a part of the second common flow path C2.
- the second unit 600 is connected to the use-side unit 400 via a pipe forming a part of the third common flow path C3.
- the decompression unit 300 is connected to the use-side unit 400 via a pipe forming a part of the fifth common flow path C5.
- the first unit 500 and the second unit 600 are arranged, for example, adjacent to each other, but may be arranged apart from each other.
- the first unit 500 further includes, for example, a third housing (not shown).
- the second unit 600 further includes a fourth housing (not shown).
- the decompression unit 300 further includes, for example, a fifth housing (not shown).
- the third housing houses the compressor 1, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, and the first fan 7 therein.
- the fourth housing includes an auxiliary heat exchanger 3, a second pressure reducing unit 6, a second fan 8, a first flow switching unit 10A, a second flow switching unit 10B, a first rectifying unit 17, and a second rectifying unit 18. , And the third rectifying unit 19 are housed therein.
- the fifth housing houses the first decompression unit 4 and the third flow path switching unit 10C inside.
- the third housing and the fourth housing are housed inside the first housing.
- the refrigeration apparatus 100 performs a cooling operation of cooling a space to be cooled by the use side heat exchanger 5 acting as an evaporator, and a defrosting operation of melting and removing frost attached to the use side heat exchanger 5 by the cooling operation. And switch.
- the refrigerant circuit is set to the first state shown in FIG.
- the refrigerant circuit is in the second state shown in FIG. Switching between the first state and the second state is performed by a plurality of flow path switching units.
- the first on-off valve 11, the fourth on-off valve 14, and the fifth on-off valve 15 are opened, and the second on-off valve 12, the third on-off valve 13, and the sixth on-off valve The on-off valve 16 is closed.
- the refrigerant flows through the first flow path and the fourth flow path and does not flow through the second flow path and the third flow path.
- the refrigerant sequentially flows through the compressor 1, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the first pressure reducing unit 4, and the use side heat exchanger 5, and the heat source side heat exchanger 2
- the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 acts as a first condenser
- the use side heat exchanger 5 acts as a first evaporator.
- the second on-off valve 12, the third on-off valve 13, and the sixth on-off valve 16 are opened, and the first on-off valve 11, the fourth on-off valve 14, and the fifth on-off valve The on-off valve 15 is closed.
- the refrigerant flows through the second flow path and the third flow path, but does not flow through the first flow path and the fourth flow path. That is, in the second state, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1, the use-side heat exchanger 5, the second decompression unit 6, and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in order, and the use-side heat exchanger 5 acts as a second condenser.
- the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 acts as a second evaporator.
- the refrigeration apparatus 100 can defrost the use-side heat exchanger 5.
- the second fan 8 supplies sufficient air to the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in the first state and the second state.
- the drive of the first fan 7 is stopped in the second state, for example.
- the rotation speed of the first fan 7 in the second state is lower than that in the first state.
- the third on-off valve 13 and the first rectifying unit 17 prevent the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 in the first state from flowing out of the sixth common flow path C6 to the third flow path.
- the second rectifying unit 18 is configured such that when switching from the first state to the second state, the high-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant upstream of the first inflow / outflow unit 2A of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 is sucked into the compressor 1.
- the third rectifying unit 19 prevents the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 in the second state from flowing out of the second flow path to the first non-common flow path L1.
- the switching from the first state to the second state and the switching from the second state to the first state are performed, for example, periodically.
- the switching from the first state to the second state is performed, for example, when the elapsed time from the previous switching from the second state to the first state reaches a predetermined time.
- the switching from the first state to the second state may be performed when the use-side heat exchanger 5 detects frost adhesion.
- switching from the first state to the second state is performed by switching a plurality of flow path switching units based on a control signal output from the detection device. May be.
- the plurality of flow path switching units are switched based on a control signal input by the operator, thereby switching from the first state to the second state. You may.
- the switching from the second state to the first state is performed, for example, when the refrigerant temperature (outlet pipe temperature) of the sixth inflow / outflow portion 5B of the use-side heat exchanger 5 becomes higher than a predetermined temperature.
- the refrigeration apparatus 100 includes a refrigerant circuit through which the refrigerant circulates.
- the refrigerant circuit includes a compressor 1, a heat source side heat exchanger 2, an auxiliary heat exchanger 3, a first pressure reducing unit 4, a use side heat exchanger 5, a second pressure reducing unit 6, and a flow switching unit.
- the flow path switching unit switches between the first state and the second state. In the first state, the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 function as a first condenser, the use side heat exchanger 5 functions as a first evaporator, and the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger.
- the use-side heat exchanger 5 acts as a second condenser
- the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 acts as a second evaporator
- the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1, the second condenser, and the second decompression unit. 6, and the second evaporator.
- the refrigeration apparatus 100 performs the defrosting operation, the refrigerant circuit is in the second state, and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 functions as an evaporator. Therefore, unlike the conventional refrigeration apparatus provided so as to flow only through the use-side heat exchanger during the defrosting operation and not to flow through the other heat exchangers, the refrigeration apparatus 100 performs a defrosting operation using a refrigeration cycle. . As a result, the efficiency of the defrosting operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 is higher than that of the above-described conventional refrigeration apparatus, and the defrosting operation time of the refrigeration apparatus 100 is shorter than that of the above-described conventional refrigeration apparatus.
- the refrigeration apparatus 100 when the refrigeration apparatus 100 performs the cooling operation, the refrigerant circuit is set to the first state, and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 functions as the first condenser together with the heat source side heat exchanger 2. Therefore, compared to a conventional refrigeration system without an auxiliary heat exchanger, the refrigeration system 100 can increase the amount of heat exchange of the first condenser during the cooling operation. In this case, the cooling operation of the refrigeration system 100 is more efficient than that of the conventional refrigeration system. Further, the power consumption of the refrigeration apparatus 100 during the cooling operation is reduced as compared with that of the above-described conventional refrigeration apparatus.
- frost may adhere to the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 acting as an evaporator.
- the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 is arranged upstream of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 in the refrigerant circuit. That is, in the refrigeration apparatus 100, the gas-phase refrigerant (hot gas) discharged from the compressor 1 in the first state is supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger 3. Therefore, the refrigeration apparatus 100 can efficiently remove frost attached to the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 during the defrosting operation during the cooling operation.
- the refrigerant condensed in the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in the first state is supplied to the heat source side heat exchanger 2. Therefore, in the refrigeration apparatus 100, the temperature rise inside the first unit 500 is suppressed as compared with the case where the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is supplied to the heat source side heat exchanger 2. As a result, in the refrigeration apparatus 100, for example, the temperature inside the first unit 500 is suppressed from rising to an extent that causes a problem in the control unit that controls the rotation speed of the compressor 1.
- the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 in the first state is supplied to the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, so that the temperature inside the second unit 600 in the first state is relatively high. Is done. Therefore, after switching from the first state to the second state, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 acts as an evaporator under a relatively high temperature environment. As a result, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 can evaporate the refrigerant with relatively high efficiency.
- the sixth non-common channel L6 including the sixth on-off valve 16 since the sixth non-common channel L6 including the sixth on-off valve 16 is provided, the first decompression in the first channel is smaller than that of the refrigeration apparatus 105 shown in FIG. The degree of freedom of arrangement of the part 4 is high. Therefore, in the refrigeration apparatus 100, the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the first state can be reduced by arranging the first pressure reducing unit 4 near the use side heat exchanger 5.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 are housed inside the first housing. Therefore, when the refrigeration apparatus 100 is performing the cooling operation, the temperature around the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in the first housing is relatively high. Therefore, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 after the refrigeration apparatus 100 is switched from the cooling operation to the defrosting operation acts as an evaporator in a relatively high temperature environment in the first housing. Therefore, the refrigerant evaporates efficiently in the auxiliary heat exchanger 3. As a result, the defrosting efficiency of the refrigeration apparatus 100 is higher than that of the refrigeration apparatus 100 in which the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 are not housed in one housing.
- Embodiment 2 FIG. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the refrigeration apparatus 101 according to Embodiment 2 basically has the same configuration as the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1, but in the first state, the heat source side heat The difference is that the exchanger 2 is disposed upstream of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in the refrigerant circuit.
- the refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration apparatus 101 has a fifth flow path and a sixth flow path instead of the first flow path and the second flow path of the refrigeration apparatus 100.
- the fifth flow path and the sixth flow path connect between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use-side heat exchanger 5.
- the sixth inflow / outflow section 5B of the use side heat exchanger 5 and the suction port 1A of the compressor 1 are connected by the third flow path and the fourth flow path, similarly to the refrigeration apparatus 100. .
- the fifth flow path connects the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 via the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the heat source side heat exchanger 2.
- the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, the first decompression unit 4, and the fifth inflow / outlet unit 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 are sequentially connected in series.
- a seventh on-off valve 21 and a fifth on-off valve 15 for opening and closing the fifth passage are arranged in the fifth passage.
- the seventh on-off valve 21 is disposed between the second inflow / outflow portion 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the third inflow / outflow portion 3A of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the sixth flow path connects the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 without passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the heat source side heat exchanger 2.
- the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use-side heat exchanger 5 are connected in series.
- An eighth on-off valve 22 and a sixth on-off valve 16 for opening and closing the sixth flow path are arranged in the sixth flow path.
- the eighth on-off valve 22 is arranged between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use-side heat exchanger 5.
- the fifth flow path and the sixth flow path have a seventh branch point, an eighth branch point, the fifth branch point, and the sixth branch point at which the refrigerant branches or merges.
- the seventh branch point, the eighth branch point, the fifth branch point, and the sixth branch point are sequentially connected in series.
- the seventh branch point is located upstream of the first inflow / outflow portion 2A of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 in the first flow path.
- the eighth branch point is located downstream of the fourth inflow / outflow section 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and upstream of the first pressure reducing section 4 in the first flow path.
- the fifth flow path and the sixth flow path connect the seventh branch point and the eighth branch point in parallel, and connect the fifth branch point and the sixth branch point in parallel.
- the fifth flow path and the sixth flow path connect the discharge port 1 ⁇ / b> B of the compressor 1 and the seventh branch point with a common pipeline, and connect the sixth branch point and the use side heat exchanger 5.
- the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A is connected by a common pipeline.
- the sixth flow path has a fourth bypass flow path branched from the fifth flow path and the second bypass flow path.
- One end of the fourth bypass flow path is connected to the seventh branch point.
- the other end of the fourth bypass flow path is connected to the eighth branch point.
- the eighth on-off valve 22 opens and closes the fourth bypass flow path.
- the fifth flow path is closed by the seventh open / close valve 21 and the fifth open / close valve 15, and the fourth bypass flow path and the second bypass flow path are closed by the eighth open / close valve 22 and the sixth open / close valve 16. It is formed by being opened.
- each of the fifth flow path and the sixth flow path is constituted by a common conduit, and the rest is constituted by different conduits.
- the fifth flow path and the sixth flow path have a seventh common flow path C7, an eighth common flow path C8, and a fifth common flow path C5, which are configured by a common conduit.
- the fifth flow path has a seventh non-common flow path L7 and a fifth non-common flow path L5 which are configured by pipes different from the sixth flow path.
- the sixth flow path has an eighth non-common flow path L8 and a sixth non-common flow path L6 which are configured by different pipelines from the fifth flow path.
- One end of the seventh common flow path C7 is connected to the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1.
- the other end of the seventh common channel C7 is connected to a seventh branch point.
- One end of the eighth common flow path C8 is connected to the eighth branch point.
- the other end of the eighth common flow path C8 is connected to the fifth branch point.
- the seventh non-common channel L7 and the eighth non-common channel L8 connect the seventh common channel C7 and the eighth common channel C8 in parallel with each other.
- the fifth non-common channel L5 and the sixth non-common channel L6 connect the eighth common channel C8 and the fifth common channel C5 in parallel with each other.
- a seventh common flow path C7, a seventh non-common flow path L7, an eighth common flow path C8, a fifth non-common flow path L5, and a fifth common flow path C5 are connected in series.
- the seventh common flow path C7, the eighth non-common flow path L8, the eighth common flow path C8, the sixth non-common flow path L6, and the fifth common flow path C5 are connected in series. .
- the seventh non-common channel L7 includes the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the fifth non-common channel L5 includes the first pressure reducing unit 4.
- the fifth flow path connects the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and the first decompression path between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5.
- the seventh non-common flow path L7 further includes a seventh on-off valve 21 and a fifth on-off valve 15. That is, when the seventh on-off valve 21 and the fifth on-off valve 15 are opened, the refrigerant flows through the fifth flow path.
- the eighth non-common channel L8 does not include the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the eighth non-common channel L8 forms the fourth bypass channel.
- the sixth flow path connects the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and the first decompression section between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow section 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5. The connection is made without passing through the section 4.
- the eighth non-common flow path L8 further includes an eighth on-off valve 22 and a sixth on-off valve 16. That is, when the eighth on-off valve 22 and the sixth on-off valve 16 are opened, the refrigerant flows through the sixth flow path.
- the seventh on-off valve 21, the eighth on-off valve 22, the fifth on-off valve 15, and the sixth on-off valve 16 switch the fifth flow path and the sixth flow path. Constitutes the fourth flow path switching unit 20A provided in the second flow path.
- the seventh on-off valve 21, the fifth on-off valve 15, and the fourth on-off valve 14 are opened, and the eighth on-off valve 22, the sixth on-off valve 16, and the third on-off valve 13 are closed.
- the seventh on-off valve 21, the fifth on-off valve 15, and the fourth on-off valve 14 are closed, and the eighth on-off valve 22, the sixth on-off valve 16, and the third on-off valve 13 are opened.
- the seventh non-common channel L7 of the fifth channel and the third non-common channel L3 of the third channel commonly include the auxiliary heat exchanger 3. That is, the seventh non-common channel L7 and the third non-common channel L3 have a ninth common channel C9 including the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the refrigerant circuit further includes a plurality of rectification units for rectifying the refrigerant.
- the plurality of rectifiers include a first rectifier 17 and a fourth rectifier 23.
- the fourth rectifying unit 23 is provided between the fourth inflow / outflow unit 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the eighth branch point, specifically, the ninth common channel C9 and the It is arranged between the eight branch points.
- the fourth rectifying section 23 allows the refrigerant flowing from the fourth inflow / outlet section 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 toward the eighth common flow path C8 to restrict the flow of the refrigerant in the opposite direction.
- the third on-off valve 13, fourth on-off valve 14, fifth on-off valve 15, sixth on-off valve 16, first rectifier 17, seventh on-off valve 21, eighth on-off valve 22, and fourth rectifier 23 are It is arranged inside the heat source side unit 201, specifically, inside the second unit 601.
- the first unit 501 and the second unit 601 are formed by a fifth pipe 210E forming a seventh non-common flow path L7, a sixth pipe 210F forming an eighth non-common flow path L8, and a fourth common flow path. They are connected via a total of three pipes, a fourth pipe 210D forming C4.
- the refrigeration apparatus 101 is switched between the first state shown in FIG. 5 and the second state shown in FIG. 6 by the plurality of flow path switching units.
- the seventh on-off valve 21, the fourth on-off valve 14, and the fifth on-off valve 15 are opened, and the eighth on-off valve 22, the third on-off valve 13, and the sixth on-off valve 13, The on-off valve 16 is closed.
- the refrigerant flows through the fifth flow path and the fourth flow path, but does not flow through the sixth flow path and the third flow path. That is, in the first state, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, the first decompression unit 4, and the use side heat exchanger 5 in this order.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 function as a first condenser, and the use side heat exchanger 5 functions as a first evaporator. As a result, in the first state, the refrigeration apparatus 101 cools the space to be cooled.
- the eighth on-off valve 22, the third on-off valve 13, and the sixth on-off valve 16 are opened, and the seventh on-off valve 21, the fourth on-off valve 14, and the fifth on-off valve The on-off valve 15 is closed.
- the refrigerant flows through the sixth flow path and the third flow path but does not flow through the fifth flow path and the fourth flow path. That is, in the second state, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1, the use-side heat exchanger 5, the second pressure reducing unit 6, and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in this order.
- the use side heat exchanger 5 acts as a second condenser
- the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 acts as a second evaporator. That is, when the second state is realized, the refrigeration apparatus 101 defrosts the use-side heat exchanger 5.
- the third on-off valve 13 and the first rectifying unit 17 prevent the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 from flowing out of the ninth common flow path C9 to the third flow path in the first state.
- the fourth rectifying unit 23 prevents the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 in the second state from flowing out of the sixth flow path to the third non-common flow path L3.
- the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the first inflow / outflow portion 2A of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 are directly connected without going through an on-off valve or the like. Therefore, in the refrigeration apparatus 101, the shortest distance on the refrigerant circuit between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the condenser in the first state can be shorter than that of the refrigeration apparatus 100. In this case, the length of the pipe in the refrigeration apparatus 101 through which the gas-phase refrigerant flows becomes shorter than the length of the pipe in the refrigeration apparatus 100 through which the gas-phase refrigerant flows. In such a refrigeration apparatus 101, the pressure loss of the refrigerant during the cooling operation is reduced as compared with that of the refrigeration apparatus 100.
- the first unit 501 and the second unit 601 are configured such that the fifth pipe 210E forming the seventh non-common flow path L7, the sixth pipe 210F forming the eighth non-common flow path L8, and the fourth common flow path L8.
- the connection is made via a total of three pipes, that is, a fourth pipe 210D forming the flow path C4. That is, the number of pipes connecting the first unit 501 and the second unit 601 in the refrigeration apparatus 101 is smaller than the number of pipes connecting the first unit 500 and the second unit 600 in the refrigeration apparatus 100. Therefore, the assemblability of the heat source side unit 201 is higher than that of the heat source side unit 200.
- Embodiment 3 As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the refrigeration apparatus 102 according to Embodiment 3 has basically the same configuration as the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1, but in the first state, the heat source side heat exchange is performed. The difference is that the heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 are connected in parallel with each other.
- the refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration apparatus 102 has a seventh flow path and an eighth flow path instead of the first flow path and the second flow path of the refrigeration apparatus 100.
- the seventh flow path and the eighth flow path connect between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use-side heat exchanger 5.
- the sixth inflow / outflow portion 5 ⁇ / b> B of the use side heat exchanger 5 and the suction port 1 ⁇ / b> A of the compressor 1 are connected by the third flow path and the fourth flow path as in the refrigeration apparatus 100. .
- the seventh flow path connects between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 via the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the fifth inflow / outlet portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5, and via the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the connection between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use-side heat exchanger 5 is established.
- the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the first decompression unit 4, and the fifth inflow / outlet unit 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 are connected in series in this order, and The first discharge port 1B, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, the first decompression unit 4, and the fifth inflow / outflow unit 5A of the use-side heat exchanger 5 are connected in series.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 are connected in parallel with each other.
- a ninth on-off valve 31, a tenth on-off valve 32, and a fifth on-off valve 15, which open and close the seventh passage, are arranged in the seventh passage.
- the ninth on-off valve 31 is disposed between the second inflow / outflow portion 2 ⁇ / b> B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the first pressure reducing portion 4.
- the tenth on-off valve 32 is disposed between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the third inflow / outflow portion 3A of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the eighth flow path connects between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 without passing through the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 are connected in series in order.
- An eleventh on-off valve 33 and a sixth on-off valve 16 for opening and closing the eighth passage are arranged in the eighth passage.
- the eleventh on-off valve 33 is disposed between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outlet section 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 and the third inflow / outlet section 3A of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the seventh flow path and the eighth flow path form a ninth branch point, a tenth branch point, a fifth branch point, an eleventh branch point, a twelfth branch point, and a sixth branch point at which the refrigerant branches or merges.
- the ninth branch point, the tenth branch point, the fifth branch point, and the sixth branch point are sequentially connected in series.
- the ninth branch point, the twelfth branch point, the tenth branch point, the fifth branch point, and the sixth branch point are connected in series in order, and the ninth branch point, the eleventh branch point , A twelfth branch, a tenth branch, a fifth branch, and a sixth branch are connected in series in this order.
- the ninth branch point is located upstream of the first inflow / outflow section 2A of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the third inflow / outflow section 3A of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in the seventh flow path.
- the tenth branch point is located downstream of the second inflow / outflow section 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the fourth inflow / outflow section 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and upstream of the first decompression section 4 in the seventh flow path.
- the eleventh branch point is disposed downstream of the ninth branch point in the seventh flow path and upstream of the third inflow / outflow portion 3A of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the twelfth branch point is located downstream of the second inflow / outflow section 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the fourth inflow / outflow section 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and upstream of the tenth branch point in the seventh flow path. Have been.
- the eighth flow path has a seventh bypass flow path branched from the seventh flow path and the second bypass flow path.
- One end of the seventh bypass flow path is connected to the eleventh branch point.
- the other end of the seventh bypass flow path is connected to a tenth branch point.
- the eleventh on-off valve 33 opens and closes the seventh bypass flow path.
- the eighth flow path is closed by the ninth on-off valve 31, the tenth on-off valve 32, and the fifth on-off valve 15, and the seventh bypass flow path is closed by the eleventh on-off valve 33 and the sixth on-off valve 16. And it is formed by opening the second bypass flow path.
- each of the seventh flow path and the eighth flow path is constituted by a common conduit, and the remaining portions are constituted by different conduits.
- the seventh flow path and the eighth flow path have a tenth common flow path C10, an eleventh common flow path C11, a twelfth common flow path C12, and a fifth common flow path C5, which are configured by a common conduit. are doing.
- the seventh flow path has a ninth non-common flow path L9, a tenth non-common flow path L10, and a fifth non-common flow path L5, which are configured by different pipelines from the eighth flow path.
- the eighth flow path has an eleventh non-common flow path L11 and a sixth non-common flow path L6 which are configured by different pipelines from the seventh flow path.
- One end of the tenth common flow path C10 is connected to the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1.
- the other end of the tenth common flow path C10 is connected to one end of each of the ninth non-common flow path L9 and the eleventh common flow path C11, that is, the ninth branch point.
- the tenth common flow path C10 is provided between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the first inflow / outflow portion 2A of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 in the seventh flow path, and between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the auxiliary heat exchanger. 3 and the third inflow / outflow portion 3A.
- One end of the eleventh common channel C11 is connected to the other end of the tenth common channel C10 and the one end of the ninth non-common channel L9.
- the other end of the eleventh common channel C11 is connected to one end of each of the tenth non-common channel L10 and the eleventh non-common channel L11, that is, to the eleventh branch point.
- the eleventh common flow channel C11 is disposed between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the third inflow / outflow portion 3A of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in the seventh flow channel.
- One end of the twelfth common flow path C12 is connected to the other ends of the ninth non-common flow path L9, the tenth non-common flow path L10, and the eleventh non-common flow path L11, that is, to the tenth branch point.
- the other end of the twelfth common channel C12 is connected to the fifth branch point of the fifth non-common channel L5 and the sixth non-common channel L6.
- the twelfth common flow path C12 is provided between the second flow-in / out section 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the first pressure reducing section 4 and the fourth flow-out / flow section 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in the seventh flow path. It is arranged between the pressure reducing unit 4.
- the ninth non-common channel L9, the tenth non-common channel L10, and the eleventh non-common channel L11 connect the tenth common channel C10 and the twelfth common channel C12 in parallel with each other. . Further, the tenth non-common channel L10 and the eleventh non-common channel L11 connect the eleventh common channel C11 and the twelfth common channel C12 in parallel with each other. The fifth non-common channel L5 and the sixth non-common channel L6 connect the twelfth common channel C12 and the fifth common channel C5 in parallel with each other.
- a tenth common flow path C10, a ninth non-common flow path L9, a twelfth common flow path C12, a fifth non-common flow path L5, and a fifth common flow path C5 are connected in series.
- the tenth common channel C10, the eleventh common channel C11, the tenth non-common channel L10, the twelfth common channel C12, the fifth non-common channel L5, and the fifth common channel C5 are connected in series. Have been.
- the tenth common flow path C10, the eleventh common flow path C11, the eleventh non-common flow path L11, the twelfth common flow path C12, the sixth non-common flow path L6, and the fifth common flow path C5 Are connected in series.
- the ninth non-common channel L9 includes the heat source side heat exchanger 2.
- the tenth non-common channel L10 includes the auxiliary heat exchanger 3. That is, the seventh flow path connects the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5 via the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the first pressure reduction portion 4. At the same time, they are connected via the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the first decompression unit 4.
- the eleventh non-common channel L11 does not include the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the eleventh non-common channel L11 constitutes the seventh bypass channel.
- the eighth flow path connects the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and the first decompression passage between the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1 and the fifth inflow / outflow portion 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5. The connection is made without passing through the section 4.
- the ninth non-common channel L9 further includes a ninth on-off valve 31.
- the tenth non-common flow path L10 further includes a tenth on-off valve 32.
- the eleventh non-common channel L11 further includes an eleventh on-off valve 33.
- the ninth non-common flow path L9 and the tenth non-common flow path L10 of the seventh flow path have a thirteenth common flow path C13 formed of a common conduit.
- One end of the thirteenth common channel C13 is connected to a twelfth branch point, which is a junction of the ninth non-common channel L9 and the tenth non-common channel L10.
- the other end of the thirteenth common channel C13 is connected to the tenth branch point.
- the ninth on-off valve 31 is provided, for example, on the thirteenth common flow path C13.
- the ninth on-off valve 31, the tenth on-off valve 32, the eleventh on-off valve 33, the fifth on-off valve 15, and the sixth on-off valve 16 are connected to the seventh flow path and the eighth on-off valve. It constitutes a fifth switching section provided to switch between the flow path.
- the ninth on-off valve 31, the tenth on-off valve 32, the fifth on-off valve 15, and the third on-off valve 13 are opened, and the eleventh on-off valve 33, the sixth on-off valve 16, and the fourth on-off valve 14 is closed.
- the ninth on-off valve 31, the tenth on-off valve 32, the fifth on-off valve 15, and the third on-off valve 13 are closed, and the eleventh on-off valve 33, the sixth on-off valve 16, and the fourth on-off valve 14 is opened.
- the ninth non-common channel L9 of the seventh channel and the third non-common channel L3 of the third channel commonly include the auxiliary heat exchanger 3. That is, the ninth non-common channel L9 and the third non-common channel L3 have a fourteenth common channel C14 including the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the refrigerant circuit further includes a plurality of rectification units for rectifying the refrigerant.
- the plurality of rectifiers include a first rectifier 17, a fifth rectifier 34, and a sixth rectifier 35.
- the fifth rectifying section 34 is provided between the fourth inflow / outflow section 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the merging portion of the ninth non-common flow path L9 and the tenth non-common flow path L10 in the tenth non-common flow path L10. Are located in The fifth rectifying section 34 allows the refrigerant flowing from the fourth inflow / outlet section 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 to the thirteenth common flow path C13 to restrict the flow of the refrigerant in the opposite direction.
- the sixth rectification unit 35 is disposed between the second inflow / outflow unit 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the eleventh branch point in the ninth non-common channel L9.
- the sixth rectifying unit 35 passes at least the refrigerant flowing from the second inflow / outflow unit 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 toward the twelfth common flow path C12, and restricts the flow of the refrigerant in the opposite direction.
- the sixth rectifying unit 35 is provided, for example, on the thirteenth common channel C13.
- the sixth rectifying unit 35 is connected to the refrigerant flowing from the second inflow / outflow portion 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 to the twelfth common flow channel C12 and from the fourth outflow / inflow portion 3B of the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 to the twelfth common flow channel C12.
- the flow of the refrigerant in the opposite direction is restricted by passing the refrigerant toward the refrigerant.
- the rectifying unit 34 and the sixth rectifying unit 35 are arranged inside the heat source side unit 202, specifically, inside the second unit 602.
- the first unit 502 and the second unit 602 are formed by an eighth pipe 210H forming a tenth non-common flow path L10, a ninth pipe 210I forming a ninth non-common flow path L9, and a fourth common flow path. It is connected via a total of three pipes, a tenth pipe 210J that forms C4.
- the refrigeration apparatus 102 is switched between the first state illustrated in FIG. 8 and the second state illustrated in FIG. 9 by the plurality of flow path switching units.
- the ninth on-off valve 31, the tenth on-off valve 32, the fifth on-off valve 15, and the third on-off valve 13 are opened, and the eleventh on-off valve 33, the sixth on-off valve The valve 16 and the fourth on-off valve 14 are closed.
- the refrigerant flows through the seventh flow path and the fourth flow path, but does not flow through the eighth flow path and the third flow path. That is, in the first state, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the first pressure reducing unit 4, and the use side heat exchanger 5 in order, and the compressor 1, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, the first It flows through the pressure reducing section 4 and the use side heat exchanger 5 in order.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 function as a third condenser, and the use side heat exchanger 5 functions as a third evaporator.
- the refrigeration apparatus 102 cools the space to be cooled.
- the ninth on-off valve 31, the tenth on-off valve 32, the fifth on-off valve 15, and the third on-off valve 13 are closed, and the eleventh on-off valve 33, the sixth on-off valve The valve 16 and the fourth on-off valve 14 are opened.
- the refrigerant flows through the eighth flow path and the third flow path, but does not flow through the seventh flow path and the fourth flow path. That is, in the second state, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1, the use-side heat exchanger 5, the second pressure reducing unit 6, and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in this order.
- the use side heat exchanger 5 acts as a second condenser, and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 acts as a second evaporator. That is, when the second state is realized, the refrigeration apparatus 102 defrosts the use-side heat exchanger 5.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 are connected in parallel to the discharge port 1B of the compressor 1. Therefore, in the refrigeration apparatus 102, the pressure loss of the refrigerant during the cooling operation is reduced as compared with the refrigeration apparatuses 100 and 101.
- the first unit 502 and the second unit 602 are connected via three pipes. Therefore, the number of pipes connecting first unit 502 and second unit 602 in refrigeration apparatus 102 is smaller than the number of pipes connecting first unit 500 and second unit 600 in refrigeration apparatus 100. Therefore, the assemblability of the heat source side unit 202 is higher than that of the heat source side unit 200.
- refrigeration apparatus 103 according to Embodiment 4 has basically the same configuration as refrigeration apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1, but a heat medium circuit in which a heat medium circulates. And the heat source side heat exchanger 2 is provided so as to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit and the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit.
- the heat medium circuit is disposed inside the heat source side unit 203, specifically, inside the first unit 503.
- the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit is, for example, a refrigerant.
- the refrigeration apparatus 103 is configured as a so-called binary refrigeration apparatus, and the refrigerant circuit forms a low-temperature circuit and the heat medium circuit forms a high-temperature circuit.
- the heat medium circuit includes a high-temperature side compressor 51, a high-temperature side condenser 52, a high-temperature side decompression unit 53, and a heat source side heat exchanger 2 acting as a high-temperature side evaporator.
- the heat medium flows through the high-temperature side compressor 51, the high-temperature side condenser 52, the high-temperature side decompression unit 53, and the heat source-side heat exchanger 2 in this order.
- Each of the second unit 600, the decompression unit 300, and the use side unit 400 has the same configuration as each of the second unit 600, the decompression unit 300, and the use side unit 400 of the refrigeration apparatus 100.
- the high temperature side compressor 51 compresses and discharges the heat medium evaporated in the heat source side heat exchanger 2.
- the high-temperature side condenser 52 heat exchange between the heat medium discharged from the high-temperature side compressor 51 and the air is performed.
- a fourth fan 54 that supplies air outside the freezer to the high-temperature side condenser 52 is arranged inside the first unit 503, instead of the first fan 7 in the first unit 500.
- the high temperature side pressure reducing unit 53 is, for example, an electronic expansion valve.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 2 is, for example, a plate heat exchanger.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 2 further has a seventh inflow / outflow portion 2C and an eighth outflow / inflow portion 2D through which the heat medium flows.
- the seventh inflow / outflow section 2C is connected to the high-temperature side condenser 52 via the high-temperature side pressure reducing section 53.
- the eighth inflow / outflow portion 2D is connected to a suction port of the high temperature side compressor 51.
- the first unit 503 and the second unit 600 are housed in the same housing, for example.
- the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the high-temperature side condenser 52 may be provided integrally, for example. From a different point of view, a part of one heat exchanger may constitute the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and another part of the one heat exchanger may constitute the high-temperature side condenser 52.
- the plurality of flow path switching units switch between the first state shown in FIG. 11 and the second state shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, switching between the first state and the second state in the refrigeration apparatus 103 is performed in the same manner as switching between the eleventh state and the second state in the refrigeration apparatus 100.
- each of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit and the heat medium in the heat medium circuit repeats the refrigeration cycle.
- the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the first pressure reducing unit 4, and the use side heat exchanger 5 in order, and the heat medium flows through the high temperature side compressor 51, It flows through the high-temperature side condenser 52, the high-temperature side decompression unit 53, and the heat source-side heat exchanger 2 in order.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 2 acts as a first condenser
- the use side heat exchanger 5 acts as a first evaporator
- the refrigeration apparatus 103 is a cooling object. Space can be cooled.
- the refrigeration apparatus 103 operates similarly to the refrigeration apparatus 100 to defrost the use-side heat exchanger 5.
- the refrigerating device 103 is configured as a binary refrigerating device, the cooling efficiency is improved as compared with a refrigerating device that operates in a single refrigerating cycle.
- the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 acts as a condenser in the refrigerant circuit, the cooling efficiency of the refrigeration apparatus 103 is different from that of the conventional binary refrigeration apparatus without the auxiliary heat exchanger 3. In comparison, it is enhanced.
- the defrosting efficiency is improved as compared with the conventional binary refrigeration apparatus.
- the refrigeration apparatus 104 shown in FIG. 13 is a modification of the refrigeration apparatus 103 shown in FIGS.
- the refrigeration apparatus 104 has basically the same configuration as the refrigeration apparatus 103, except that the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit is water or brine.
- the heat medium in the refrigeration apparatus 104 does not change its phase when circulating through the heat medium circuit.
- the heat medium circuit has a pump 55 in place of the high temperature side compressor 51 shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, and has a heat exchanger 56 in place of the high temperature side condenser 52.
- the pump 55 circulates the heat medium in the heat medium circuit.
- the heat exchanger 56 is provided to exchange heat between the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit and air outside the freezer.
- the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 is provided to exchange heat between the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit and air outside the freezer. Therefore, also in the refrigeration apparatus 104, the first state and the second state are realized similarly to the refrigeration apparatus 100. As a result, the refrigeration apparatus 104 can achieve the same effect as the refrigeration apparatus 100.
- the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 during the defrosting operation includes: There is a possibility that the heat medium exchanges heat with the refrigerant condensed in the use side heat exchanger 5 and freezes.
- the refrigerating device 104 the refrigerant condensed in the use-side heat exchanger 5 is not supplied to the heat-source-side heat exchanger 2, so that the freezing of the heat medium is suppressed even during the defrosting operation.
- frost may adhere to the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 by the defrosting operation on the use-side heat exchanger 5, but this frost may be melted and removed by the cooling operation.
- the refrigerant circuits of the refrigeration units 103 and 104 may have the same configuration as the refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration units 101 and 102.
- the heat medium circuit of each of the refrigeration units 103 and 104 may include the heat source side heat exchanger 2 of the refrigeration unit 101 or the refrigeration unit 102.
- the refrigeration apparatus 105 shown in FIG. 14 is a modification of the refrigeration apparatus 100 shown in FIGS.
- the second flow path has only one bypass flow path, that is, only the second non-common flow path L2.
- the first flow path and the second flow path do not have the second common flow path C2, the second branch point, and the fifth branch point.
- one end of the second non-common channel L2 is connected to the first branch point as in the refrigeration apparatus 100.
- the other end of the second non-common flow path L2 is connected to the first flow path downstream of the first pressure reducing unit 4 and upstream of the fifth inflow / outflow part 5A of the use side heat exchanger 5.
- the second non-common flow path L2 is provided so as to bypass the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, and the first pressure reducing unit 4.
- the sixth on-off valve 16 is not required.
- the refrigerating apparatuses 101, 102, 103, and 104 can also adopt the same modified example as the refrigerating apparatus 105.
- Refrigerator 106 shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 is a modification of refrigerator 100 shown in FIGS.
- Refrigeration apparatus 106 further includes an economizer circuit in which the refrigerant circulates.
- the economizer circuit includes a compressor 1, a heat source side heat exchanger 2, an economizer flow path 60, an economizer heat exchanger 61, an economizer pressure reducing unit 62, a fifth bypass flow path 63, and a twelfth on-off valve 64.
- the compressor 1 includes, for example, a low pressure section, a high pressure section, and an intermediate pressure section disposed between the low pressure section and the high pressure section.
- the economizer flow path 60 is branched from the first flow path of the refrigerant circuit. One end of the economizer flow path 60 is connected between the second inflow / outflow portion 2B of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the second branch point. The other end of the economizer flow path 60 is connected to, for example, an intermediate pressure section of the compressor 1. Thereby, the economizer circuit causes a part of the refrigerant condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger 2 to flow into the intermediate pressure section of the compressor 1.
- the economizer decompression unit 62 decompresses the refrigerant that has condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and then flows into the economizer flow path.
- the economizer heat exchanger 61 performs heat exchange between the refrigerant decompressed by the economizer decompression unit 62 and the refrigerant condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and then flowing toward the use side heat exchanger 5. Is provided.
- the economizer circuit is included in the heat source side unit 206.
- the compressor 1, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, the economizer flow path 60, the economizer heat exchanger 61, and the economizer pressure reducing unit 62 are included in the first unit 506.
- the fifth bypass channel 63 is provided so as to bypass the first on-off valve 11, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and the second rectifier 18 in the first channel.
- One end of the fifth bypass channel 63 is connected between the first branch point and the first on-off valve 11 in the first non-common channel L1.
- the other end of the fifth bypass channel 63 is connected between the second rectification unit 18 and the first inflow / outflow unit 2A of the heat source side heat exchanger 2 in the first non-common channel L1.
- the twelfth on-off valve 64 opens and closes the fifth bypass channel 63.
- the fifth bypass channel 63 and the twelfth on-off valve 64 are included in the second unit 606.
- the economizer circuit includes a portion located between the discharge port 1 ⁇ / b> B of the compressor 1 and the one end of the fifth bypass channel 63, and the other end of the fifth bypass channel 63 and the one end of the economizer channel 60. The portion located therebetween is shared with the first flow path of the refrigerant circuit.
- the refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration apparatus 106 further includes an economizer flow path 60 and a fifth bypass flow path 63.
- the first common flow path C1 the portion of the first non-common flow path L1 located between the first branch point and the one end of the economizer flow path 60, and the economizer flow path 60 Constitute an economizer circuit.
- a portion located between the first branch point and the one end of the fifth bypass channel 63 in the first common channel C1 and the first non-common channel L1 and the fifth bypass constitute an economizer circuit.
- the economizer circuit of the refrigeration apparatus 106 may be configured to return a part of the refrigerant condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger 2 to the compressor 1.
- the other end of the economizer flow path 60 may be connected to the low-pressure section of the compressor 1 or the suction port 1A.
- the configuration of the compressor 1 in the refrigeration apparatus 106 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a multi-stage compressor or, for example, a single-stage compressor.
- the refrigeration apparatus 106 when the refrigeration apparatus 106 performs the cooling operation, the first on-off valve 11, the fourth on-off valve 14, and the fifth on-off valve 15 are opened, and the second on-off valve 12, the third on-off valve The thirteenth, sixth on-off valve 16 and twelfth on-off valve 64 are closed.
- the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is supplied to the heat source side heat exchanger 2 as the first condenser, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, the first decompression unit 4, and the utilization side heat exchanger as the first evaporator. 5, and the remainder of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 sequentially flows through the heat source side heat exchanger 2 and the economizer flow path 60.
- the efficiency of the cooling operation of the refrigeration apparatus 106 is further improved by utilizing the economizer circuit as compared with that of the conventional refrigeration apparatus.
- the second on-off valve 12, the third on-off valve 13, the sixth on-off valve 16, and the twelfth on-off valve 64 are opened, and the first on-off valve 64 is opened.
- the on-off valve 11, the fourth on-off valve 14, and the fifth on-off valve 15 are closed.
- the refrigeration apparatus 106 when the refrigeration apparatus 106 is performing the defrosting operation, part of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is used by the use-side heat exchanger 5 as the second condenser, the second decompression unit 6, and the second At the same time, the remaining portion of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows sequentially through the fifth bypass channel 63, the heat source side heat exchanger 2, and the economizer channel 60 while flowing through the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 as an evaporator.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 2 does not act as a condenser, whereas when the refrigerant circuit of the refrigerating apparatus 106 is in the second state, The heat source side heat exchanger 2 functions as a condenser.
- the amount of heat exchanged in the heat source side heat exchanger 2 is changed to the amount of heat exchanged in the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 in order to increase the amount of heat used for defrosting in the use side heat exchanger 5. Preferably, it is reduced compared to the amount.
- the rotation speed of the first fan 7 when the refrigeration apparatus 106 is performing the defrosting operation includes the rotation speed of the second fan 8 when the refrigeration apparatus 106 is performing the defrosting operation, and It is preferable to reduce the rotation speed of the first fan 7 during the rotation.
- the refrigeration apparatus 106 When the refrigeration apparatus 106 performs the defrosting operation, the refrigerant flows through the first flow path and the economizer flow path 60. However, since the amount of heat exchange in the heat source side heat exchanger 2 is sufficiently reduced, the use side heat exchange is performed. The amount of heat used for defrosting in the vessel 5 is sufficiently large.
- the defrosting operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 also uses a refrigeration cycle, unlike a conventional refrigeration apparatus provided so as to flow only through the use-side heat exchanger and not flow through other heat exchangers during the defrosting operation. . As a result, the efficiency of the defrosting operation of the refrigeration system 106 is higher than that of the conventional refrigeration system.
- the economizer circuit of the refrigeration system 106 may include a capillary tube 65 instead of the twelfth on-off valve 64.
- the capillary tube 65 is disposed in the fifth bypass channel 63.
- the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the capillary tube 65 is higher than the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
- the capillary pipe 65 is configured such that when the refrigerant circuit is in the first state, the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the fifth bypass channel 63 is set so as not to affect the cooling performance of the refrigeration apparatus 106.
- the refrigerant is provided so that the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the fifth bypass passage 63 is less than the minimum flow rate that can affect the cooling performance of the refrigeration apparatus 106.
- the capillary pipe 65 substantially blocks the flow of the refrigerant in the fifth bypass passage 63 when the first on-off valve 11 is opened, and the fifth bypass flow when the first on-off valve 11 is closed.
- the refrigerant is circulated in the passage 63.
- the refrigerating device 106 including the capillary tube 65 can achieve the same effect as the refrigerating device 106 including the twelfth on-off valve 64.
- the refrigerating apparatuses 101 to 105 can also adopt the same modified example as the refrigerating apparatus 106.
- Refrigerator 107 shown in FIG. 18 is a modification of refrigerator 100 shown in FIGS.
- the plurality of compressors 1 are connected in parallel to each other in the first flow path and the second flow path.
- a plurality of heat source side heat exchangers 2 are connected in parallel in the first flow path.
- Such a refrigeration apparatus 107 also has basically the same configuration as the refrigeration apparatus 100, and thus can provide the same effects as the refrigeration apparatus 100.
- the refrigerating apparatuses 101 to 106 can also adopt the same modified example as the refrigerating apparatus 107.
- the decompression unit 300 may be arranged outside the first housing.
- the decompression unit 300 may be arranged in a space to be cooled together with, for example, the use side unit 400. Further, the pressure reducing unit 300 may be configured integrally with the use side unit 400.
- the heat source side units 200 to 207 may include the pressure reducing unit 300.
- the decompression unit 300 is, for example, integrated with or separate from the first units 500 to 507 and the second units 600 to 605 in the heat source units 200 to 207, and is arranged inside the first housing.
- Reference Signs List 1 compressor, 1A suction port, 1B discharge port, 2 heat source side heat exchanger, 2A first outflow / inflow section, 2B second outflow / inflow section, 2C seventh outflow / inflow section, 2D eighth outflow / inflow section, 3 auxiliary heat exchanger, 3A 3rd inflow / outflow section, 3B ⁇ fourth inflow / outflow section, 4 ⁇ first decompression section, 5 # utilization side heat exchanger, 5A ⁇ 5th inflow / outflow section, 5B ⁇ 6th outflow / inflow section, 6 # second decompression section, 7 # first fan, 8 # 2nd Fans, 9 ⁇ third fan, 10A ⁇ first flow switching unit, 10B ⁇ second flow switching unit, 10C ⁇ third flow switching unit, 11 first on-off valve, 12 second on-off valve, 13 third on-off valve, 14 4th opening / closing valve, 15 # fifth opening / closing valve, 16 # sixth opening / closing valve, 17 # first rectifying section, 18 #
Abstract
Description
図1~図3に示されるように、実施の形態1に係る冷凍装置100は、冷媒が循環する冷媒回路を備える。冷媒回路は、圧縮機1、熱源側熱交換器2、補助熱交換器3、第1減圧部4、利用側熱交換器5、第2減圧部6、複数の流路切替部、および複数の整流部を含む。冷凍装置100は、第1ファン7、第2ファン8、および第3ファン9をさらに備える。冷媒は、特に制限されるものではないが、例えば地球温暖化係数(GWP)が低い冷媒であり、R410A、R32およびCO2からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む。冷媒は、上記群から選択される少なくとも1つを含んだ混合冷媒であってもよい。
冷凍装置100は、蒸発器として作用する利用側熱交換器5によって冷却対象とする空間を冷却する冷却運転と、該冷却運転により利用側熱交換器5に付着した霜を融解除去する除霜運転とを切り替える。冷凍装置100が冷却運転しているとき、冷媒回路は図2に示される第1状態とされる。冷凍装置100が除霜運転しているとき、冷媒回路は図3に示される第2状態とされる。第1状態と第2状態との切り替えは、複数の流路切替部によって行われる。
冷凍装置100は、冷媒が循環する冷媒回路を備える。冷媒回路は、圧縮機1、熱源側熱交換器2、補助熱交換器3、第1減圧部4、利用側熱交換器5、第2減圧部6、および流路切替部を含む。流路切替部は、第1状態と第2状態とを切り替える。第1状態では、熱源側熱交換器2および補助熱交換器3が第1凝縮器として作用し、利用側熱交換器5が第1蒸発器として作用し、かつ冷媒が圧縮機1、第1凝縮器、第1減圧部4、および第1蒸発器を順に流れる。第2状態では、利用側熱交換器5が第2凝縮器として作用し、補助熱交換器3が第2蒸発器として作用し、かつ冷媒が圧縮機1、第2凝縮器、第2減圧部6、および第2蒸発器を順に流れる。
図4~図6に示されるように、実施の形態2に係る冷凍装置101は、基本的には実施の形態1に係る冷凍装置100と同様の構成を備えるが、第1状態において熱源側熱交換器2が補助熱交換器3よりも冷媒回路における上流側に配置される点で異なる。
上述のように、冷凍装置101は、複数の流路切替部によって、図5に示される第1状態と、図6に示される第2状態とが切り替えられる。
冷凍装置101は、冷凍装置100と基本的に同様の構成を備えるため、冷凍装置100と同様の効果を奏することができる。
図7~図9に示されるように、実施の形態3に係る冷凍装置102は、実施の形態1に係る冷凍装置100と基本的に同様の構成を備えるが、第1状態において熱源側熱交換器2と補助熱交換器3とが互いに並列に接続される点で異なる。
上述のように、冷凍装置102は、複数の流路切替部によって、図8に示される第1状態と、図9に示される第2状態とが切り替えられる。
冷凍装置102は、冷凍装置100と基本的に同様の構成を備えるため、冷凍装置100と同様の効果を奏することができる。
図10~図12に示されるように、実施の形態4に係る冷凍装置103は、実施の形態1に係る冷凍装置100と基本的に同様の構成を備えるが、熱媒体が循環する熱媒体回路をさらに備え、熱源側熱交換器2が冷媒回路を循環する冷媒と熱媒体回路を循環する熱媒体との間の熱交換を行うように設けられている点で異なる。
冷凍装置103では、複数の流路切替部によって、図11に示される第1状態と、図12に示される第2状態とが切り替えられる。図11および図12に示されるように、冷凍装置103における第1状態と第2状態との切り替えは、冷凍装置100における第11状態と第2状態との切り替えと同様に行われる。
冷凍装置103は、冷凍装置100と基本的に同様の構成を備えるため、冷凍装置100と同様の効果を奏することができる。
<変形例>
図13に示される冷凍装置104は、図10~図12に示される冷凍装置103の変形例である。冷凍装置104は、冷凍装置103と基本的に同様の構成を備えるが、上記熱媒体回路を循環する熱媒体が水またはブライン等である点で異なる。冷凍装置104における熱媒体は、熱媒体回路を循環するときに相変化しない。熱媒体回路は、図10~図12に示される高温側圧縮機51に替えてポンプ55を有し、かつ高温側凝縮器52に替えて熱交換器56を有している。ポンプ55は、熱媒体回路内において熱媒体を循環させる。熱交換器56は、熱媒体回路内を循環する熱媒体と冷凍庫外の空気との間の熱交換を行うように設けられている。補助熱交換器3は、上述のように、冷媒回路を循環する冷媒と冷凍庫外の空気との間の熱交換を行うように設けられている。そのため、冷凍装置104においても、冷凍装置100と同様に、第1状態と第2状態とが実現される。その結果、冷凍装置104は、冷凍装置100と同様の効果を奏することができる。
Claims (10)
- 冷媒が循環する冷媒回路を備え、
前記冷媒回路が、圧縮機、熱源側熱交換器、第1減圧部、利用側熱交換器、第2減圧部、補助熱交換器、および流路切替部を含み、
前記流路切替部は、
前記熱源側熱交換器および前記補助熱交換器が第1凝縮器として作用し、前記利用側熱交換器が第1蒸発器として作用し、かつ冷媒が前記圧縮機、前記第1凝縮器、前記第1減圧部、および前記第1蒸発器を順に流れる第1状態と、
前記利用側熱交換器が第2凝縮器として作用し、前記補助熱交換器が第2蒸発器として作用し、かつ冷媒が前記圧縮機、前記第2凝縮器、前記第2減圧部、および前記第2蒸発器を順に流れる第2状態とを切り替えるように設けられている、冷凍装置。 - 前記第1状態では、前記補助熱交換器が前記熱源側熱交換器よりも前記冷媒回路における上流側に配置される、請求項1に記載の冷凍装置。
- 前記冷媒回路は、
前記圧縮機の吐出口と前記利用側熱交換器との間を、前記補助熱交換器、前記熱源側熱交換器、および前記第1減圧部を介して接続する第1流路、
前記圧縮機の吐出口と前記利用側熱交換器との間を、前記補助熱交換器、前記熱源側熱交換器、および前記第1減圧部を介さずに接続する第2流路、
前記利用側熱交換器と前記圧縮機の吸入口との間を、前記第2減圧部および前記補助熱交換器を介して接続する第3流路、および、
前記利用側熱交換器と前記圧縮機の吸入口との間を、前記第2減圧部および前記補助熱交換器を介さずに接続する第4流路を含み、
前記流路切替部は、
前記第1流路と前記第2流路とを切り替える第1流路切替部および前記第3流路と前記第4流路とを切り替える第2流路切替部を有し、
前記第1流路切替部は、前記第1状態では前記第1流路を形成し、かつ前記第2状態では前記第2流路を形成し、
前記第2流路切替部は、前記第1状態では前記第4流路を形成し、かつ前記第2状態では前記第3流路を形成する、請求項2に記載の冷凍装置。 - 前記第1状態では、前記熱源側熱交換器が前記補助熱交換器よりも前記冷媒回路における上流側に配置される、請求項1に記載の冷凍装置。
- 前記第1状態では、前記熱源側熱交換器および前記補助熱交換器が並列に接続される、請求項1に記載の冷凍装置。
- 熱媒体が循環する熱媒体回路をさらに備え、
前記熱源側熱交換器は、前記冷媒回路を循環する冷媒と前記熱媒体回路を循環する熱媒体との間の熱交換を行うように設けられている、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の冷凍装置。 - 冷媒が循環するエコノマイザ回路をさらに備え、
前記エコノマイザ回路は、前記圧縮機および前記熱源側熱交換器を含み、
前記エコノマイザ回路は、前記熱源側熱交換器で凝縮された冷媒の一部を前記圧縮機に戻すエコノマイザ流路をさらに含み、
前記第2状態では、前記熱源側熱交換器および前記利用側熱交換器が前記第2凝縮器として作用し、
前記熱源側熱交換器に送風する第1ファンと、前記補助熱交換器に送風する第2ファンとをさらに備える、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の冷凍装置。 - 前記熱源側熱交換器および前記補助熱交換器を内部に収容している第1筐体をさらに備える、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の冷凍装置。
- 前記第1筐体は、さらに前記圧縮機、前記第1減圧部および前記第2減圧部を内部に収容しており、
前記利用側熱交換器を内部に収容している第2筐体をさらに備える、請求項8に記載の冷凍装置。 - 圧縮機、熱源側熱交換器、第1減圧部、利用側熱交換器、第2減圧部、補助熱交換器、および流路切替部を含み、冷媒が循環する冷媒回路を備える冷凍装置の一部を構成する熱源側ユニットであって、
前記圧縮機、前記熱源側熱交換器、前記補助熱交換器、前記第2減圧部、および前記流路切替部を含む前記冷媒回路の一部と、
前記冷媒回路の一部から前記冷媒回路の他の一部に流出する流出口と、
前記冷媒回路の他の一部から前記冷媒回路の一部に流入する流入口とを備え、
前記流路切替部は、
前記熱源側熱交換器および前記補助熱交換器が第1凝縮器として作用し、かつ冷媒が前記流入口、前記圧縮機、前記第1凝縮器、および前記流出口を順に流れる第1状態と、
前記補助熱交換器が第1蒸発器として作用し、かつ冷媒が前記流入口、前記第2減圧部、前記第1蒸発器、前記圧縮機、および前記流出口を順に流れる第2状態とを切り替える、熱源側ユニット。
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