WO2020042554A1 - 一种燃料电池 - Google Patents

一种燃料电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020042554A1
WO2020042554A1 PCT/CN2019/076293 CN2019076293W WO2020042554A1 WO 2020042554 A1 WO2020042554 A1 WO 2020042554A1 CN 2019076293 W CN2019076293 W CN 2019076293W WO 2020042554 A1 WO2020042554 A1 WO 2020042554A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
valve
inlet
outlet
fuel cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/076293
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓佳
朱太荣
陈星富
李海君
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
Broad Ocean Motor EV Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
Broad Ocean Motor EV Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201811015071.3A external-priority patent/CN108878945B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201821422727.9U external-priority patent/CN209119236U/zh
Application filed by Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd, Broad Ocean Motor EV Co Ltd filed Critical Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
Publication of WO2020042554A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020042554A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
    • H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel cell.
  • Existing hydrogen energy fuel cells generally include a tank body, a tank cover, a stack module (that is, a fuel cell stack--that is, a plurality of independent single fuel cells connected in series), several on-off valves, a hydrogen circulation pump, a hydrogen supply system, and air.
  • the gas circuit system, cooling system, high-voltage positive output copper bar, high-voltage negative output copper bar, and fuel cell control system Due to the large number of fuel cell components, if the layout is not reasonable, it will inevitably lead to large product volumes, troublesome assembly of finished products, and increased costs. And the quality is difficult to control.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell by re-arranging various components to solve the technical problems of the above-mentioned background technology, such as unreasonable layout, resulting in large product volume, troublesome assembly of finished products, increased cost, and difficult to control quality.
  • a fuel cell includes a box body, a box cover, a stack module, a hydrogen circulation pump, an air circuit system, a cooling system, a fuel cell control system, a ventilation component, and a hydrogen inlet integrated manifold.
  • the inlet side of the stack module is provided with hydrogen.
  • Inlet valve, air inlet valve and coolant inlet valve, hydrogen outlet valve, air outlet valve, and coolant outlet valve are provided on the outlet side of the stack module; stack module, hydrogen inlet valve, air inlet valve, coolant inlet valve, hydrogen An outlet valve, an air outlet valve, a coolant outlet valve, a hydrogen inlet manifold, a hydrogen circulation pump are installed in the first cavity of the box, and an air pneumatic system and a cooling system are installed on the outside of the box and are installed in the box.
  • the output of the air system is connected to the air inlet valve; the outlet of the coolant outlet valve is connected to the inlet of the cooling system, and the outlet of the cooling system is connected to the coolant inlet valve; the external hydrogen source is connected to Hydrogen inlet valve; the stack module occupies one side of the first cavity of the box, and a fuel cell control system is placed above the stack module; the first empty of the box
  • An air outlet is provided on one side of the box on one side, and a ventilation component is installed in the opening.
  • the hydrogen inlet valve is also connected to a hydrogen integrated manifold.
  • the hydrogen inlet integrated manifold is located in the first cavity of the box.
  • the hydrogen inlet integrated manifold includes a manifold, a shut-off valve, a proportional regulating valve, a pressure sensor, and a hydrogen inlet. Joints, hydrogen circulation pump joints, and hydrogen exit joints, wherein the manifold has first flow passages, second flow passages, and third flow passages through which hydrogen flows, and a first inlet of the first flow passage is installed with a hydrogen connection and a first flow passage.
  • the first outlet of the second flow channel is connected to the second inlet of the second flow channel through a shut-off valve, the second outlet of the second flow channel is connected to the third inlet of the third flow channel through a proportional adjustment valve, and the third outlet of the third flow channel is installed.
  • the hydrogen outlet is connected with a pressure detection channel in the middle of the third flow channel, a pressure sensor is installed at the end of the pressure detection channel, and a hydrogen circulation channel is also connected in the middle of the third flow channel.
  • a hydrogen circulation pump connector is installed at the end of the hydrogen circulation channel.
  • the pressure sensor sends the detected pressure signal to the fuel cell control system.
  • the fuel cell control system controls the shut-off valve and the proportional control valve.
  • the hydrogen outlet connector is connected to the hydrogen inlet valve through the pipeline. Output port of the valve connected to the hydrogen circulation pump input port, an output port of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected to the hydrogen circulation pump connection.
  • a limited flow block is installed in the hydrogen inlet joint, a flow restriction hole is provided in the middle of the flow restriction block, a groove is provided on the front face of one side of the hydrogen inlet joint, and a first seal ring and a first seal ring are installed in the groove.
  • a through hole through which the hydrogen inlet joint passes is set on one side of the box body, and the front end side on one side of the hydrogen inlet joint is abutted to the side of the box body and sealed by the first sealing ring.
  • a bottom protective cover is also installed at the bottom of the box body.
  • the bottom protective cover covers the air air system and the bottom water system.
  • the bottom protective cover includes four side plates and a second bottom plate. The four side plates surround the city quadrilateral structure.
  • a second bottom plate is installed at one end, and a plurality of mesh holes are arranged on the side plate or the second bottom plate.
  • the top of the side plate is sleeved on the outside of the bottom of the box body and then fastened with screws.
  • the bottom of the box is provided with a plurality of mounting feet.
  • the top of the side plate is provided with positioning steps, and the positioning steps are topped on the box body. On the floor.
  • the ventilation component includes an air pipe and two sets of fan units.
  • the air pipe is a three-way pipe. One end of the air pipe forms an air inlet.
  • Two fan units are connected and installed at two outlets of the air pipe.
  • the unit includes a fan cover, an axial flow fan and a wind direction adjusting plate. The other end of the air pipe is connected to the fan cover.
  • a second cavity is set in the middle of the fan cover.
  • the axial flow fan is installed in the second cavity of the fan cover.
  • an air direction adjusting plate is installed at the end position of the air inlet.
  • One end of the fan cover is provided with an air pipe joint, the air pipe joint is connected with the air pipe in a nest, and the air inlet is inside the air pipe joint.
  • the wind direction adjusting plate includes an adjusting bottom plate, a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the adjusting bottom plate, and a plurality of inclined wind deflectors protrude from the adjusting bottom plate.
  • the adjusting bottom plate is installed on the end face of the air inlet by screws, two The two wind direction adjustment plates of the fan unit are offset by 90 degrees.
  • the first bottom plate in the box body is provided with a plurality of mounting bosses, and the stack module is installed in the box body through a plurality of mounting brackets.
  • the mounting bracket includes a mounting base plate at the bottom and an upright from the mounting base plate.
  • the vertical support plate is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes on the mounting base plate.
  • the vertical support plate is provided with a plurality of rows of second mounting holes from bottom to top.
  • the vertical support plate also protrudes with two isolated studs.
  • the studs are provided on the studs. Screw holes.
  • the top support plate is provided with a top support plate on the top thereof, and the top support plate is provided with a plurality of third mounting holes.
  • the two isolated studs are spaced apart from each other.
  • the body is locked on the vertical support plate, the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar are both installed with an insulation block, and the insulation block is locked on the stud by a screw.
  • the top of the vertical support plate is provided with a top support plate, and the top support plate is provided with a plurality of third mounting holes.
  • the battery stack module is provided with a partition plate.
  • the partition plate is supported on the top support plate and passes through the third through a screw.
  • the mounting hole fixes the partition on the top support plate, and the fuel cell control system is placed on the partition.
  • the hydrogen outlet valve and the hydrogen inlet valve are connected to an integrated hydrogen exhaust manifold through a pipeline, including a hydrogen exhaust manifold, a pressure relief valve, a purge valve, a hydrogen exhaust connector and a pipeline, wherein the hydrogen exhaust manifold is provided with hydrogen supply therein.
  • the top of the main flow channel is closed, and the hydrogen outlet is installed at the bottom outlet.
  • the first tributary flow channel outlet of the first tributary flow channel communicates with the main flow channel.
  • the inlet of the tributary is connected to the output of the pressure relief valve, and the input of the pressure relief valve is connected to the pipeline; the outlet of the second branch of the second tributary is connected to the main channel, and the inlet of the second branch of the second tributary is connected to the purge valve.
  • the output end and the input end of the purge valve are connected to the pipeline.
  • the outlet of the second branch runner of the second branch runner is located near the hydrogen outlet, and the height H1 of the first branch runner of the first branch runner is higher than the height H2 of the second branch runner of the second branch runner.
  • the hydrogen-discharging manifold block is a single piece, including a top surface, a bottom surface, a front surface, a rear surface, a left surface, and a right surface.
  • the hydrogen-discharging joint is located on the bottom surface, and a circular groove is provided on the bottom surface.
  • a second groove is installed inside the circular groove. Sealing ring, the hydrogen exhaust connector is located in the middle of the annular groove, a through hole is provided on the first bottom plate of the box for the hydrogen exhaust connector to pass through, the bottom surface of the hydrogen exhaust manifold is facing the first bottom plate, and the bottom surface of the hydrogen exhaust manifold is It is sealed with the first base plate by a second sealing ring.
  • the present invention has the following effects:
  • the present invention occupies a stack module on one side of the first cavity of the box, and places a fuel cell control system above the stack module; a hydrogen inlet is arranged on the other side of the first cavity of the box Valve, air inlet valve, coolant inlet valve, hydrogen circulation pump hydrogen, air outlet valve, air outlet valve, coolant outlet valve; cut out an opening on one side of the box, and on the side of the box opposite the opening An air outlet is installed on one side, ventilation components are installed in the opening, and the air system and cooling system are installed on the first floor of the outside of the box.
  • the layout is reasonable, the structure is compact, the finished product is simple to assemble, the cost is low and the quality is effective. control;
  • the hydrogen inlet valve assembly is formed into an integral part, namely, a hydrogen inlet integrated manifold, and the hydrogen inlet integrated manifold has three functions: 1) As a fuel supply receiving device for a fuel cell system, it provides sufficient hydrogen for the system to react. 2) As a fuel distribution regulating device of the fuel cell system, maintain a sufficient pressure drop to provide the system with the required reaction hydrogen pressure; 3) pressure monitoring and signal output. It has strong integrity, small size, low manufacturing cost, easy installation and manufacturing, and convenient quality control;
  • a restrictive flow block is installed in the hydrogen inlet connector, and a restrictive hole is provided in the middle of the restrictive block.
  • the restriction hole is installed in the hydrogen inlet connector and provides a hydrogen inlet for the fuel cell module.
  • the orifice restricts the flow of hydrogen. Avoid directly entering the hydrogen gas from the gas cylinder to cause damage to the stack module;
  • a bottom protective cover is also installed at the bottom of the box, and the bottom protective cover covers the air pneumatic system and the bottom water system. It can effectively protect the components at the bottom of the box to prevent damage during installation or transportation.
  • a bottom protective cover is also installed at the bottom of the box of the present invention. The bottom protective cover can be directly placed on the ground, which brings great convenience to installation and transportation.
  • the above-mentioned bottom protective cover includes four side plates and a second bottom plate, the four side plates surround the quadrilateral structure, and one end is installed with the second bottom plate.
  • a plurality of mesh holes are provided on the side plate or the second base plate described above. It is easy to observe the operation of the components at the bottom of the box through the mesh, which is relatively intuitive;
  • the top of the side plate is sleeved on the outside of the bottom of the box and then fastened with screws.
  • the bottom of the box is installed with several mounting feet.
  • the top of the side plate is provided with positioning steps, and the positioning step top On the first floor of the box, the structure is simple and easy to install;
  • the ventilation component includes an air pipe and two sets of fan units.
  • the air pipe is a three-way pipe, one end of which forms an air inlet, and two fan units are connected and installed at two outlets of the air pipe.
  • the fan unit It includes a fan cover, an axial flow fan and a wind direction adjustment plate. The other end of the air duct is connected to the fan cover. A second cavity is set in the middle of the fan cover. The axial flow fan is installed in the second cavity of the fan cover. The end of the fan cover is provided with an air inlet. , Install the wind direction adjustment plate at the end position of the air inlet; high protection level, small size, easy installation, large ventilation angle, uniform sweep, more energy saving and low noise;
  • the fan cover is provided with an air pipe joint, and the air pipe joint is connected with the air pipe in a nest.
  • the air inlet is inside the air pipe joint, which is convenient for production and installation;
  • the above-mentioned wind direction adjustment plate includes an adjustment bottom plate, and the adjustment bottom plate is provided with A plurality of ventilation holes, and a plurality of inclined wind deflectors are protruded on the adjustment bottom plate.
  • the adjusting bottom plate is installed on the end face of the air inlet by screws, and the two wind direction adjusting plates of the two fan units are staggered by 90 degrees, which can increase the area of the purging and is applicable to the situation where the purging range is large;
  • a plurality of mounting bosses are arranged on the bottom plate in the box, and the stack module is installed in the box through a plurality of mounting brackets.
  • the mounting bracket includes a bottom mounting plate and a vertical support standing up from the mounting bottom plate. Plate, the vertical support plate also protrudes and is provided with 2 isolated studs, and the top of the said type support plate is provided with a top support plate. The above 2 isolated studs are separated from each other above and below, and are screwed through the second installation.
  • the hole locks the fuel cell unit on the vertical support plate.
  • Both the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar are installed with an insulation block. The insulation block is locked on the stud by screws, and a partition is arranged above the stack module. Plate, the separator is supported on the top support plate, and the fuel cell control system is placed on the separator. Simple structure, convenient installation, reasonable structure design, and more additional functions;
  • the main channel, the first tributary channel and the second tributary channel for hydrogen circulation are set in the hydrogen exhaust manifold.
  • the top of the main channel is closed, and the bottom outlet is equipped with a hydrogen exhaust connector.
  • the first outlet of the first tributary channel and the main channel The first inlet of the first tributary is connected to the output of the pressure relief valve, and the input of the pressure relief valve is connected to the pipeline; the second outlet of the second tributary is connected to the main channel, and the second inlet of the second tributary is connected to the blower.
  • the output end of the sweep valve and the input end of the purge valve are connected to the pipeline.
  • the second outlet of the second tributary channel is located close to the hydrogen outlet.
  • the height H1 of the first outlet of the first tributary channel is higher than that of the second tributary channel.
  • the height of the second outlet H2 is high, that is, the position of the pressure relief valve is higher than the purge valve, which prevents the undischarged water in the integrated hydrogen discharge manifold from freezing and blocks the pressure relief valve.
  • the purge valve is located below the reactor, which is conducive to the reaction Drain of water.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fuel cell of the present invention
  • FIG 2 is another perspective view of the fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial structural diagram of a fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial schematic diagram of a fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom shield in a fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a hydrogen-intake integrated manifold in a fuel cell according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a front view of a hydrogen-intake manifold in a fuel cell according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along A-A in Fig. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view of a hydrogen-intake manifold in a fuel cell according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken along B-B in Fig. 11;
  • Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken along C-C in Fig. 11;
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a ventilation member in a fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view of a ventilation member in a fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a mounting bracket in a fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is another perspective view of a mounting bracket in a fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a front view of a mounting bracket in a fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a sectional view taken along D-D in FIG. 18;
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective view of an integrated hydrogen exhaust manifold in a fuel cell according to the present invention.
  • 21 is a front view of an integrated hydrogen exhaust manifold in a fuel cell according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an integrated hydrogen exhaust manifold in a fuel cell according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 24 is a sectional view taken along F-F in Fig. 23;
  • Fig. 25 is a sectional view taken along the line G-G in Fig. 23.
  • the present invention is a fuel cell, which includes a tank body 1, a tank cover 11, a stack module 2, a hydrogen circulation pump 3, an air-air system 4, a cooling system 5, and a fuel cell control system. 6. Ventilation component 7 and hydrogen inlet integrated manifold 8. Hydrogen inlet valve 21, air inlet valve 22 and coolant inlet valve 23 are provided on the inlet side of the stack module 2, and hydrogen outlet valve 24 is provided on the outlet side of the stack module 2.
  • the integrated manifold 8 and the hydrogen circulation pump 3 are installed in the first cavity 12 of the box 1, the air gas system 4 and the cooling system 5 are installed outside the box 1, and are installed on the first bottom plate 13 of the box 1.
  • the output end of the air system 4 is connected to the air inlet valve 22; the outlet of the coolant outlet valve 26 is connected to the inlet of the cooling system 5; the outlet of the cooling system 5 is connected to the coolant inlet valve 23; the external hydrogen source is connected To the hydrogen inlet valve 21; the stack module 2 occupies the first cavity of the box 1 A fuel cell control system 6 is placed above the stack module 2 on one side of 12; a hydrogen inlet valve 21, an air inlet valve 22, and a coolant inlet valve are arranged on the other side of the first cavity 12 of the casing 1 23. Hydrogen circulating pump 3. Hydrogen outlet valve 24, air outlet valve 25, and coolant outlet valve 26. An opening is dug out on one side of the case 1, and is provided on one side of the case 1 on the side opposite to the opening. Exhaust vent, install ventilation component 7 in the opening.
  • the hydrogen inlet valve 21 is also connected to a hydrogen integration manifold 8, which is located in the first cavity 12 of the tank 1, and the hydrogen integration manifold 8
  • Block 8 includes a manifold block 81, a shut-off valve 82, a proportional adjustment valve 83, a pressure sensor 84, a hydrogen inlet connector 85, a hydrogen circulation pump connector 86, and a hydrogen outlet connector 87.
  • the manifold 81 is provided with a first flow path for hydrogen to flow through.
  • the first inlet 8111 of the first flow path 811 is installed into the hydrogen joint 85, and the first outlet 8112 of the first flow path 811 passes through the second inlet 8121 of the second flow path 812
  • the shut-off valve 82 is connected, the second outlet 8122 of the second flow passage 812 is connected to the third inlet 8131 of the third flow passage 813 through the proportional adjustment valve 83, and the third outlet 8132 of the third flow passage 813 is installed with a hydrogen connector 87.
  • a middle part of the three flow path 813 is connected to a pressure detection channel 841, a pressure sensor 84 is installed at the end of the pressure detection path 841, a middle part of the third flow channel 813 is also connected to a hydrogen circulation path 861, and a hydrogen circulation is installed at the end of the hydrogen circulation path 861.
  • Pump connector 86, pressure sensor 84 sends the detected pressure signal to the fuel The pool control system 6 and the fuel cell control system 6 control the shut-off valve 82 and the proportional control valve 83.
  • the hydrogen outlet 87 is connected to the hydrogen inlet valve 21 through the pipeline 15 and the output of the hydrogen outlet valve 24 is connected to the input of the hydrogen circulation pump 3.
  • the output port of the hydrogen circulation pump 3 is connected to a hydrogen circulation pump connection 86.
  • a limited flow block 851 is installed in the hydrogen inlet connector 85.
  • a flow restriction hole 852 is provided in the middle of the flow restriction block 851.
  • a manifold block 854 is provided on the front end surface 853 of the hydrogen inlet connector 85 side.
  • the first sealing ring 855 surrounds the outer periphery of the hydrogen inlet joint 85, and a through hole 16 through which the hydrogen inlet joint 85 passes is provided on one side of the box 1 and the front end of the hydrogen inlet joint 85 side
  • the surface 853 faces the side of the box 1 and is sealed by a first sealing ring 855.
  • a bottom protective cover 17 is also installed at the bottom of the box 1.
  • the bottom protective cover 17 covers the air and air system 4 and the bottom water system 5.
  • the bottom protective cover 17 includes four A side plate 171 and a second bottom plate 172, four side plates 171 surround the city quadrangular structure and a second bottom plate 172 is installed at one end, and a plurality of mesh holes 173 are arranged on the side plate 171 or the second bottom plate 172.
  • the top of the side plate 171 is sleeved on the outside of the bottom of the box 1 and then fastened with screws.
  • the bottom of the box 1 is provided with a plurality of mounting feet 14.
  • the top of the side plate 171 is provided with a positioning step 174.
  • the positioning step 174 rests on the bottom plate of the box.
  • the ventilation component 7 includes an air duct 71 and two sets of fan units 72.
  • the air duct 71 is a three-way pipe, and one end thereof forms an air inlet 711.
  • Two outlet units 712 are connected to each outlet 712.
  • the fan unit 72 includes a fan cover 721, an axial fan 722, and a wind direction adjusting plate 723.
  • the other end of the air pipe 71 is connected to the fan cover 721, and a fan cover 721 is provided in the middle.
  • Two cavities 7211, the axial flow fan 722 is installed in the second cavity 7211 of the fan cover 721, an air inlet 7212 is provided at the end of the fan cover 721, and an air direction adjustment plate 723 is installed at the end position of the air inlet 7212.
  • An end of the fan housing 721 is provided with an air pipe joint 7213.
  • the air pipe joint 7213 is nested with the air pipe 71, and the air inlet 7212 is inside the air pipe 71 joint.
  • the wind direction adjustment plate 723 includes an adjustment bottom plate 7231.
  • the adjustment bottom plate 7231 is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 7232.
  • the adjustment bottom plate 7231 is provided with a plurality of inclined wind deflector plates 7233.
  • the adjustment bottom plate 7231 is installed by screws.
  • the two wind direction adjustment plates 723 of the two fan units 72 are staggered by 90 degrees.
  • the mounting bracket 9 includes a mounting base plate 91 at the bottom and a vertical support plate 92 erected upward from the mounting base plate 91.
  • the mounting base plate 91 is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes 911.
  • the vertical support plate 92 is from bottom to top.
  • a plurality of rows of second mounting holes 921 are provided.
  • the vertical support plate 92 also protrudes with two isolated studs 922.
  • the studs 922 are provided with screw holes 923.
  • the vertical support plate 92 is provided with a top support plate 93 on the top, and the top support plate 93 is provided with a plurality of third mounting holes 931.
  • the two isolated studs 922 are spaced apart from each other, and are passed through the second installation by screws. Hole 921 fastens the fuel cell unit to the vertical support plate 92.
  • Both the positive bus bar 27 and the negative bus bar 28 are installed with an insulating block 29, which is fastened to the stud 922 by screws. .
  • the top support plate 92 is provided with a top support plate 93 on the top, and the top support plate 93 is provided with a plurality of third mounting holes 931.
  • the stack module 2 is provided with a partition plate 20, and the partition plate 20 is supported on the top support plate 93.
  • the partition plate 20 is fixed on the top support plate 93 through the third mounting hole 931 through screws, and the fuel cell control system 6 is placed on the partition plate 20.
  • the hydrogen outlet valve 24 and the hydrogen inlet valve 21 are connected to an integrated hydrogen exhaust manifold 10 through a pipeline 15, including an hydrogen exhaust manifold 101, a pressure relief valve 102, and a purge.
  • the top of the main flow channel 1011 is closed, and the bottom outlet is installed.
  • the end is connected to the pipeline 15;
  • the second tributary channel outlet 10131 of the second tributary channel 1013 is located near the hydrogen outlet 104, and the height of the first tributary channel outlet 10121 of the first tributary channel 1012 is higher than that of the second tributary channel 1013 of the second tributary channel 1013.
  • the height H2 of the outlet 10131 is high.
  • the hydrogen-discharging manifold block 10 is a single body, and includes a top surface 105, a bottom surface 106, a front surface 107, a rear surface 108, a left surface 109, and a right surface 100.
  • the hydrogen-discharge connector 104 is located on the bottom surface 106, and a ring shape is provided on the bottom surface 106.
  • the groove 1061, the second groove 1062 is installed in the annular groove 1061, the hydrogen exhaust connector 104 is located in the middle of the annular groove 1061, and a through-hole 132 through which the hydrogen exhaust connector 104 passes is provided on the first bottom plate 13 of the casing 1.
  • the bottom surface 106 of the hydrogen exhaust manifold 10 leans toward the first bottom plate 13, and the space between the bottom surface 106 of the hydrogen exhaust manifold 10 and the first bottom plate 13 is sealed by a second sealing ring 1062.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种燃料电池，包括箱体、箱盖、电堆模块、氢气循环泵、空气气路系统、冷却系统、燃料电池控制系统、通风部件和进氢集成岐块，电堆模块占据在箱体的第一空腔的一侧位置，在电堆模块的上方放置燃料电池控制系统；在箱体的第一空腔的另一侧位置布局氢气入口阀、空气入口阀、冷却液入口阀、氢气循环泵氢、气出口阀、空气出口阀、冷却液出口阀；在箱体的一个侧面挖出开口，在与开口相对的一侧的箱体的一个侧面上设置排风口，在开口安装通风部件，空气气路系统、冷却系统安装在箱体的外侧的第一底板上，布局合理,结构紧凑、成品组装简单，成本较低和质量得到有效控制。

Description

一种燃料电池 技术领域：
本发明涉及一种燃料电池。
背景技术：
现有的氢能源燃料电池一般包括箱体、箱盖、电堆模块(即燃料电池堆--即串联多个独立的单个燃料电池组成)、若干开关阀门、氢气循环泵、氢气供应系统、空气气路系统、冷却系统、高压正极输出铜排、高压负极输出铜排和燃料电池控制系统，由于整个燃料电池零部件众多，如果布局不合理，必然导致：产品体积大、成品组装麻烦，成本增加和质量难以控制。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是提供一种燃料电池，通过对各部件的重新布局以解决上述背景技术中布局不合理导致产品体积大、成品组装麻烦，成本增加和质量难以控制的技术问题。
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案予以实现的。
一种燃料电池，包括箱体、箱盖、电堆模块、氢气循环泵、空气气路系统、冷却系统、燃料电池控制系统、通风部件和进氢集成岐块，电堆模块的入口侧设置氢气入口阀、空气入口阀和冷却液入口阀，电堆模块的出口侧设置氢气出口阀、空气出口阀和冷却液出口阀；电堆模块、氢气入口阀、空气入口阀、冷却液入口阀、氢气出口阀、空气出口阀、冷却液出口阀、进氢集成岐块、氢气循环泵安装在箱体的第一空腔内，空气气路系统和冷却系统安装在箱体的外侧，且安装在箱体的第一底板上；空气气路系统的输出端连接到空气入口阀；冷却液出口阀的出口连接到冷却系统的入口，冷却系统的出口连接到冷却液入口阀；外部氢气源接入到氢气入口阀；电堆模块占据在箱体的第一空腔的一侧位置，在电堆模块的上方放置燃料电池控制系统；在箱体的第一空腔的另一侧位置布局氢气入口阀、空气入口阀、冷却液入口阀、氢气循环泵、氢气出口阀、空气出口阀、冷却液出口阀；在箱体的一个侧面挖出开口，在与开口相对的一侧的 箱体的一个侧面上设置排风口，在开口安装通风部件。
所述的氢气入口阀还连接进氢集成岐块，进氢集成岐块位于箱体的第一空腔里面，进氢集成岐块包括岐块、截止阀、比例调节阀、压力传感器、进氢接头、氢气循环泵接头和出氢接头，其中岐块里面设置有供氢气流通的第一流道、第二流道和第三流道，第一流道的第一入口安装进氢接头，第一流道的第一出口与第二流道的第二入口通过截止阀连接，第二流道的第二出口通过比例调节阀与第三流道的第三入口连接，第三流道的第三出口安装出氢接头，第三流道中部与一压力检测通道贯通，压力检测通道的端部安装压力传感器，第三流道中部还与一氢气循环通道贯通，氢气循环通道的端部安装氢气循环泵接头，压力传感器将检测的压力信号送到燃料电池控制系统，燃料电池控制系统控制截止阀、比例调节阀，出氢接头通过管道连接到氢气入口阀，氢气出口阀的输出端连接到氢气循环泵的输入口，氢气循环泵的输出口连接到氢气循环泵接头。
所述的进氢接头里面安装有限流块，限流块中间设置限流孔，岐块在进氢接头一侧的前端面上设置凹槽，凹槽里面安装第一密封圈，第一密封圈围在进氢接头的外周，在箱体的一个侧面设置一个给进氢接头穿过的通孔，在进氢接头一侧的前端面靠向箱体的侧面且由第一密封圈密封。
所述的箱体的底部还安装底部防护罩，底部防护罩罩住空气气路系统和底部水路系统，所述的底部防护罩包括四块侧板和第二底板，四块侧板围城四边形结构且一端安装第二底板，所述的侧板或\和第二底板上设置若干网孔。
所述的侧板的顶部套在箱体的底部外面，然后用螺钉锁紧，所述的箱体的底部安装有若干个安装脚，侧板的顶部设置有定位台阶，定位台阶顶在箱体的底板上。
所述的通风部件包括风管和两套风扇单元，所述的风管是三通管，其中一端形成进风口，在风管的两个出口处连接安装有两个风扇单元，所述的风扇单元包括风扇外罩、轴流风机和风向调节板，风管另一端连接风扇外罩，风扇外罩中间设置第二空腔，轴流风机安装在风扇外罩的第二空腔内，风扇外罩端部 设置入风口，在入风口的端面位置安装风向调节板。
所述的风扇外罩的一端设置风管接头，风管接头与风管嵌套连接，入风口是在风管接头里面。
所述的风向调节板包括调节底板，调节底板上设置有若干通风孔，在调节底板上凸出有若干倾斜的导风板，所述的调节底板是通过螺钉安装在入风口的端面，2个风扇单元的两个风向调节板错开90度。
所述的箱体里面的第一底板上设置若干安装凸台，电堆模块通过若干安装支架安装在箱体里面，所述的安装支架包括位于底部的安装底板和从安装底板往上竖立起来的立式支撑板，安装底板上设置若干第一安装孔，立式支撑板由下至上设置若干行第二安装孔，立式支撑板还凸出设置有2个隔离的螺柱，螺柱上设置螺孔。
所述的立式支撑板顶部设置有顶部支撑板，顶部支撑板设置有若干第三安装孔，所述的2个隔离的螺柱上下隔离分布，利用螺钉穿过第二安装孔将燃料电池单体锁紧在立式支撑板上，正极母线铜排和负极母线铜排都与一个绝缘块安装在一起，绝缘块通过螺钉锁紧在螺柱上。
立式支撑板顶部设有顶部支撑板，顶部支撑板设置有若干第三安装孔，所述电堆模块上设有隔板，所述隔板支承在顶部支撑板上，通过螺钉穿过第三安装孔将隔板固定在顶部支撑板上，隔板上安放置燃料电池控制系统。
所述的氢气出口阀和氢气入口阀通过管道连接一个集成排氢歧块,包括排氢岐块、泄压阀、吹扫阀、排氢接头和管道，其中排氢岐块里面设置有供氢气流通的主流道、第一支流道和第二支流道，主流道的顶部封闭，底部出口安装排氢接头，第一支流道的第一支流道出口和主流道连通，第一支流道的第一支流道入口连接泄压阀的输出端，泄压阀的输入端连接管道；第二支流道的第二支流道出口和主流道连通，第二支流道的第二支流道入口连接吹扫阀的输出端，吹扫阀的输入端连接管道。
所述的第二支流道的第二支流道出口的位置靠近出氢接头，第一支流道的 第一支流道出口的高度H1比的第二支流道的第二支流道出口的高度H2高。
所述的排氢岐块是一块状体，包括顶面、底面、前面、后面、左面和右面，排氢接头位于在底面上，在底面设置有环形凹槽，环形凹槽里面安装第二密封圈，排氢接头位于环形凹槽中间，在箱体的第一底板上设置供排氢接头穿过的通孔，排氢岐块的底面靠向第一底板，且排氢岐块的底面与第一底板之间由第二密封圈密封。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下效果：
1)本发明将电堆模块占据在箱体的第一空腔的一侧位置，在电堆模块的上方放置燃料电池控制系统；在箱体的第一空腔的另一侧位置布局氢气入口阀、空气入口阀、冷却液入口阀、氢气循环泵氢、气出口阀、空气出口阀、冷却液出口阀；在箱体的一个侧面挖出开口，在与开口相对的一侧的箱体的一个侧面上设置排风口，在开口安装通风部件，空气气路系统、冷却系统安装在箱体的外侧的第一底板上，布局合理,结构紧凑、成品组装简单，成本较低和质量得到有效控制；
2)本发明将进氢阀门组件形成一个整体部件--即进氢集成岐块，进氢集成岐块具有三个作用：1)作为燃料电池系统燃料供给接收装置，为系统提供足够的反应氢气；2)作为燃料电池系统燃料分配调节装置，维持足够的压力降，为系统提供需求压力的反应氢气；3)压力监控和信号输出。具有整体性强，体积小、制造成本低，安装制造简便，便于进行质量的控制；
3)进氢接头里面安装有限流块，限流块中间设置限流孔。限流孔安装在进氢接头内，为燃料电池模组提供氢气入口。限流孔在比例阀和截止阀失效的情况下，对氢气限流。避免经气瓶过来的氢气直接进入对电堆模块组造成损害；
4)箱体的底部还安装底部防护罩，底部防护罩罩住空气气路系统和底部水路系统。可以有效对箱体的底部的零部件进行有效保护，防止在安装或者搬运时碰坏。本发明箱体的底部还安装底部防护罩，底部防护罩可以直接放置在地面，给安装和搬运带来很大的方便。上述所述的底部防护罩包括包括四块侧板 和第二底板，四块侧板围城四边形结构且一端安装第二底板。上述所述的侧板或\和第二底板上设置若干网孔。通过网孔能容易观测箱体的底部的零部件的运作，较为直观；
5)所述的侧板的顶部套在箱体的底部外面，然后用螺钉锁紧，上述所述的箱体的底部安装有若干个安装脚，侧板的顶部设置有定位台阶，定位台阶顶在箱体的第一底板上，结构简单，安装方便；
6)通风部件包括风管和两套风扇单元，所述的风管是三通管，其中一端形成进风口，在风管的两个出口处连接安装有两个风扇单元，所述的风扇单元包括风扇外罩、轴流风机和风向调节板，风管另一端连接风扇外罩，风扇外罩中间设置第二空腔，轴流风机安装在风扇外罩的第二空腔内，风扇外罩端部设置入风口，在入风口的端面位置安装风向调节板；防护等级高、体积小、安装方便，通风角度大，吹扫均匀，且较为节电，噪音小；
7)风扇外罩的一端设置风管接头，风管接头与风管嵌套连接，入风口是在风管接头里面，生产安装方便；上述所述的风向调节板包括调节底板，调节底板上设置有若干通风孔，在调节底板上凸出有若干倾斜的导风板。所述的调节底板是通过螺钉安装在入风口的端面，2个风扇单元的两个风向调节板错开90度，可以提升吹扫的面积范围，适用吹扫范围较大的情况；
8)箱体里面的底板上设置若干安装凸台，电堆模块通过若干安装支架安装在箱体里面，所述的安装支架包括位于底部的安装底板和从安装底板往上竖立起来的立式支撑板，立式支撑板还凸出设置有2个隔离的螺柱，所述的式支撑板顶部设置有顶部支撑板，上述的2个隔离的螺柱上下隔离分布，利用螺钉穿过第二安装孔将燃料电池单体锁紧在立式支撑板上，正极母线铜排和负极母线铜排都与一个绝缘块安装在一起，绝缘块通过螺钉锁紧在螺柱上，电堆模块上方布置隔板，所述隔板支承在顶部支撑板上，隔板上安放置燃料电池控制系统。结构简单，安装方便，结构设计合理，具有更多附加功能；
9)采用集成排氢岐块，包括排氢岐块、泄压阀、吹扫阀、排氢接头和管道 集成起来形成一个模块化的部件，整体性强，体积小、制造成本低，安装制造简便，便于进行质量的控制；
10)排氢岐块里面设置有供氢气流通的主流道、第一支流道和第二支流道，主流道的顶部封闭，底部出口安装排氢接头，第一支流道的第一出口和主流道连通，第一支流道的第一入口连接泄压阀的输出端，泄压阀的输入端连接管道；第二支流道的第二出口和主流道连通，第二支流道的第二入口连接吹扫阀的输出端，吹扫阀的输入端连接管道，所述的第二支流道的第二出口的位置靠近出氢接头，第一支流道的第一出口的高度H1比的第二支流道的第二出口的高度H2高，即泄压阀位置比吹扫阀高，防止集成排氢歧块中未排干净的水结冰，堵塞泄压阀，吹扫阀位于电堆下方，利于反应水的排出。
附图说明：
图1是本发明的燃料电池的立体图；
图2是本发明的燃料电池的另一角度立体图；
图3是本发明的燃料电池的立体图分解图；
图4是本发明的燃料电池的局部结构示意图；
图5是本发明的燃料电池的局部结构图；
图6是本发明的燃料电池的局部示意图；
图7是本发明的燃料电池中底部护罩的结构示意图；
图8是本发明的燃料电池中进氢集成岐块的立体图；
图9是本发明的燃料电池中进氢集成岐块的正视图；
图10是图9中A-A的剖视图；
图11是本发明的燃料电池中进氢集成岐块的俯视图；
图12是图11中B-B的剖视图；
图13是图11中C-C的剖视图；
图14是本发明的燃料电池中通风部件的立体图；
图15是本发明的燃料电池中通风部件的立体分解图；
图16是本发明的燃料电池中安装支架的立体图；
图17是本发明的燃料电池中安装支架的另一角度立体图；
图18是本发明的燃料电池中安装支架的正视图；
图19是图18中D-D的剖视图；
图20是本发明的燃料电池中集成排氢歧块的立体图；
图21是本发明的是燃料电池中集成排氢歧块的正视图；
图22是图21中E-E的剖视图；
图23是本发明的燃料电池中集成排氢歧块局部结构示意图；
图24是图23中F-F的剖视图；
图25是图23中G-G的剖视图。
具体实施方式：
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述。
如图1至图25所示，本发明是一种燃料电池，包括箱体1、箱盖11、电堆模块2、氢气循环泵3、空气气路系统4、冷却系统5、燃料电池控制系统6、通风部件7和进氢集成岐块8，电堆模块2的入口侧设置氢气入口阀21、空气入口阀22和冷却液入口阀23，电堆模块2的出口侧设置氢气出口阀24、空气出口阀25和冷却液出口阀26；电堆模块2、氢气入口阀21、空气入口阀22、冷却液入口阀23、氢气出口阀24、空气出口阀25、冷却液出口阀26、进氢集成岐块8、氢气循环泵3安装在箱体1的第一空腔12内，空气气路系统4和冷却系统5安装在箱体1的外侧，且安装在箱体1的第一底板13上；空气气路系统4的输出端连接到空气入口阀22；冷却液出口阀26的出口连接到冷却系统5的入口，冷却系统5的出口连接到冷却液入口阀23；外部氢气源接入到氢气入口阀21；电堆模块2占据在箱体1的第一空腔12的一侧位置，在电堆模块2的上方放置燃料电池控制系统6；在箱体1的第一空腔12的另一侧位置布局氢气入口阀21、空气入口阀22、冷却液入口阀23、氢气循环泵3、氢气出口阀24、空气出口阀25、冷却液出口阀26；在箱体1的一个侧面挖出开口，在与开口相 对的一侧的箱体1的一个侧面上设置排风口，在开口安装通风部件7。
如图5、图8至图13所示，所述的氢气入口阀21还连接进氢集成岐块8，进氢集成岐块8位于箱体1的第一空腔12里面，进氢集成岐块8包括岐块81、截止阀82、比例调节阀83、压力传感器84、进氢接头85、氢气循环泵接头86和出氢接头87，其中岐块81里面设置有供氢气流通的第一流道811、第二流道812和第三流道813，第一流道811的第一入口8111安装进氢接头85，第一流道811的第一出口8112与第二流道812的第二入口8121通过截止阀82连接，第二流道812的第二出口8122通过比例调节阀83与第三流道813的第三入口8131连接，第三流道813的第三出口8132安装出氢接头87，第三流道813中部与一压力检测通道841贯通，压力检测通道841的端部安装压力传感器84，第三流道813中部还与一氢气循环通道861贯通，氢气循环通道861的端部安装氢气循环泵接头86，压力传感器84将检测的压力信号送到燃料电池控制系统6，燃料电池控制系统6控制截止阀82、比例调节阀83，出氢接头87通过管道15连接到氢气入口阀21，氢气出口阀24的输出端连接到氢气循环泵3的输入口，氢气循环泵3的输出口连接到氢气循环泵接头86。
所述的进氢接头85里面安装有限流块851，限流块851中间设置限流孔852，岐块81在进氢接头85一侧的前端面853上设置凹槽854，凹槽854里面安装第一密封圈855，第一密封圈855围在进氢接头85的外周，在箱体1的一个侧面设置一个给进氢接头85穿过的通孔16，在进氢接头85一侧的前端面853靠向箱体1的侧面且由第一密封圈855密封。
如图3和图7所示，所述的箱体1的底部还安装底部防护罩17，底部防护罩17罩住空气气路系统4和底部水路系统5，所述的底部防护罩17包括四块侧板171和第二底板172，四块侧板171围城四边形结构且一端安装第二底板172，所述的侧板171或\和第二底板172上设置若干网孔173。
所述的侧板171的顶部套在箱体1的底部外面，然后用螺钉锁紧，所述的箱体1的底部安装有若干个安装脚14，侧板171的顶部设置有定位台阶174， 定位台阶174顶在箱体的底板上。
如图14和图15所示，所述的通风部件7包括风管71和两套风扇单元72，所述的风管71是三通管，其中一端形成进风口711，在风管71的两个出口处712连接安装有两个风扇单元72，所述的风扇单元72包括风扇外罩721、轴流风机722和风向调节板723，风管71另一端连接风扇外罩721，风扇外罩721中间设置第二空腔7211，轴流风机722安装在风扇外罩721的第二空腔7211内，风扇外罩721端部设置入风口7212，在入风口7212的端面位置安装风向调节板723。
所述的风扇外罩721的一端设置风管接头7213，风管接头7213与风管71嵌套连接，入风口7212是在风管71接头里面。
所述的风向调节板723包括调节底板7231，调节底板7231上设置有若干通风孔7232，在调节底板7231上凸出有若干倾斜的导风板7233，所述的调节底板7231是通过螺钉安装在入风口7212的端面，2个风扇单元72的两个风向调节板723错开90度。
如图5、图6、图16至图19所示，所述的箱体1里面的第一底板13上设置若干安装凸台131，电堆模块2通过若干安装支架9安装在箱体1里面，所述的安装支架9包括位于底部的安装底板91和从安装底板91往上竖立起来的立式支撑板92，安装底板91上设置若干第一安装孔911，立式支撑板92由下至上设置若干行第二安装孔921，立式支撑板92还凸出设置有2个隔离的螺柱922，螺柱922上设置螺孔923。
所述的立式支撑板92顶部设置有顶部支撑板93，顶部支撑板93设置有若干第三安装孔931，所述的2个隔离的螺柱922上下隔离分布，利用螺钉穿过第二安装孔921将燃料电池单体锁紧在立式支撑板92上，正极母线铜排27和负极母线铜排28都与一个绝缘块29安装在一起，绝缘块29通过螺钉锁紧在螺柱922上。
立式支撑板92顶部设有顶部支撑板93，顶部支撑板93设置有若干第 三安装孔931，所述电堆模块2上设有隔板20，所述隔板20支承在顶部支撑板93上，通过螺钉穿过第三安装孔931将隔板20固定在顶部支撑板93上，隔板20上安放置燃料电池控制系统6。
如图4、图20至图25所示，所述的氢气出口阀24和氢气入口阀21通过管道15连接一个集成排氢歧块10,包括排氢岐块101、泄压阀102、吹扫阀103、排氢接头104和管道15，其中排氢岐块101里面设置有供氢气流通的主流道1011、第一支流道1012和第二支流道1013，主流道1011的顶部封闭，底部出口安装排氢接头104，第一支流道1012的第一支流道出口10121和主流道1011连通，第一支流道1012的第一支流道入口10122连接泄压阀102的输出端，泄压阀102的输入端连接管道15；第二支流道1013的第二支流道出口10131和主流道1011连通，第二支流道1013的第二支流道入口10132连接吹扫阀103的输出端，吹扫阀103的输入端连接管道15。
所述的第二支流道1013的第二支流道出口10131的位置靠近出氢接头104，第一支流道1012的第一支流道出口10121的高度H1比的第二支流道1013的第二支流道出口10131的高度H2高。
所述的排氢岐块10是一块状体，包括顶面105、底面106、前面107、后面108、左面109和右面100，排氢接头104位于在底面106上，在底面106设置有环形凹槽1061，环形凹槽1061里面安装第二密封圈1062，排氢接头104位于环形凹槽1061中间，在箱体1的第一底板13上设置供排氢接头104穿过的通孔132，排氢岐块10的底面106靠向第一底板13，且排氢岐块10的底面106与第一底板13之间由第二密封圈1062密封。
以上实施例为本发明的较佳实施方式，但本发明的实施方式不限于此，其他任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种燃料电池，包括箱体(1)、箱盖(11)、电堆模块(2)、氢气循环泵(3)、空气气路系统(4)、冷却系统(5)、燃料电池控制系统(6)、通风部件(7)和进氢集成岐块(8)，其特征在于：电堆模块(2)的入口侧设置氢气入口阀(21)、空气入口阀(22)和冷却液入口阀(23)，电堆模块(2)的出口侧设置氢气出口阀(24)、空气出口阀(25)和冷却液出口阀(26)；电堆模块(2)、氢气入口阀(21)、空气入口阀(22)、冷却液入口阀(23)、氢气出口阀(24)、空气出口阀(25)、冷却液出口阀(26)、进氢集成岐块(8)、氢气循环泵(3)安装在箱体(1)的第一空腔(12)内，空气气路系统(4)和冷却系统(5)安装在箱体(1)的外侧，且安装在箱体(1)的第一底板(13)上；空气气路系统(4)的输出端连接到空气入口阀(22)；冷却液出口阀(26)的出口连接到冷却系统(5)的入口，冷却系统(5)的出口连接到冷却液入口阀(23)的入口；外部氢气源接入到氢气入口阀(21)；电堆模块(2)占据在箱体(1)的第一空腔(12)的一侧位置，在电堆模块(2)的上方放置燃料电池控制系统(6)；在箱体(1)的第一空腔(12)的另一侧位置布局氢气入口阀(21)、空气入口阀(22)、冷却液入口阀(23)、氢气循环泵(3)、氢气出口阀(24)、空气出口阀(25)、冷却液出口阀(26)；在箱体(1)的一个侧面挖出开口，在与开口相对的一侧的箱体(1)的一个侧面上设置排风口，在开口安装通风部件(7)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述的氢气入口阀(21)还连接进氢集成岐块(8)，进氢集成岐块(8)位于箱体(1)的第一空腔(12)里面，进氢集成岐块(8)包括岐块(81)、截止阀(82)、比例调节阀(83)、压力传感器(84)、进氢接头(85)、氢气循环泵接头(86)和出氢接头(87)，其中岐块(81)里面设置有供氢气流通的第一流道(811)、第二流道(812)和第三流道(813)，第一流道(811)的第一入口(8111)安装进氢接头(85)，第一流道(811)的第一出口(8112)与第二流道(812)的第二入口(8121)通过截止阀(82)连接，第二流道(812)的第二出口(8122)通过比例调节阀 (83)与第三流道(813)的第三入口(8131)连接，第三流道(813)的第三出口(8132)安装出氢接头(87)，第三流道(813)中部与一压力检测通道(841)贯通，压力检测通道(841)的端部安装压力传感器(84)，第三流道(813)中部还与一氢气循环通道(861)贯通，氢气循环通道(861)的端部安装氢气循环泵接头(86)，压力传感器(84)将检测的压力信号送到燃料电池控制系统(6)，燃料电池控制系统(6)控制截止阀(82)、比例调节阀(83)，出氢接头(87)通过管道(15)连接到氢气入口阀(21)，氢气出口阀(24)的输出端连接到氢气循环泵(3)的输入口，氢气循环泵(3)的输出口连接到氢气循环泵接头(86)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述的进氢接头(85)里面安装有限流块(851)，限流块(851)中间设置限流孔(852)，岐块(81)在进氢接头(85)一侧的前端面(853)上设置凹槽(854)，凹槽(854)里面安装第一密封圈(855)，第一密封圈(855)围在进氢接头(85)的外周，在箱体(1)的一个侧面设置一个给进氢接头(85)穿过的通孔(16)，在进氢接头(85)一侧的前端面(853)靠向箱体(1)的侧面且由第一密封圈(855)密封。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述的箱体(1)的底部还安装底部防护罩(17)，底部防护罩(17)罩住空气气路系统(4)和底部水路系统(5)，所述的底部防护罩(17)包括四块侧板(171)和第二底板(172)，四块侧板(171)围城四边形结构且一端安装第二底板(172)，所述的侧板(171)或\和第二底板(172)上设置若干网孔(173)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述的侧板(171)的顶部套在箱体(1)的底部外面，然后用螺钉锁紧，所述的箱体(1)的底部安装有若干个安装脚(14)，侧板(171)的顶部设置有定位台阶(174)，定位台阶(174)顶在箱体的底板上。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述的通风部件(7)包括风管(71)和两套风扇单元(72)，所述的风管(71)是三通管，其中一端形成进风口(711)，在风管(71)的两个出口处(712)连接安装有两个风扇单 元(72)，所述的风扇单元(72)包括风扇外罩(721)、轴流风机(722)和风向调节板(723)，风管(71)另一端连接风扇外罩(721)，风扇外罩(721)中间设置第二空腔(7211)，轴流风机(722)安装在风扇外罩(721)的第二空腔(7211)内，风扇外罩(721)端部设置入风口(7212)，在入风口(7212)的端面位置安装风向调节板(723)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述的风扇外罩(721)的一端设置风管接头(7213)，风管接头(7213)与风管(71)嵌套连接，入风口(7212)是在风管(71)接头里面。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述的风向调节板(723)包括调节底板(7231)，调节底板(7231)上设置有若干通风孔(7232)，在调节底板(7231)上凸出有若干倾斜的导风板(7233)，所述的调节底板(7231)是通过螺钉安装在入风口(7212)的端面，2个风扇单元(72)的两个风向调节板(723)错开90度。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述的箱体(1)里面的第一底板(13)上设置若干安装凸台(131)，电堆模块(2)通过若干安装支架(9)安装在箱体(1)里面，所述的安装支架(9)包括位于底部的安装底板(91)和从安装底板(91)往上竖立起来的立式支撑板(92)，安装底板(91)上设置若干第一安装孔(911)，立式支撑板(92)由下至上设置若干行第二安装孔(921)，立式支撑板(92)还凸出设置有2个隔离的螺柱(922)，螺柱(922)上设置螺孔(923)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述的立式支撑板(92)顶部设置有顶部支撑板(93)，顶部支撑板(93)设置有若干第三安装孔(931)，所述的2个隔离的螺柱(922)上下隔离分布，利用螺钉穿过第二安装孔(921)将燃料电池单体锁紧在立式支撑板(92)上，正极母线铜排(27)和负极母线铜排(28)都与一个绝缘块(29)安装在一起，绝缘块(29)通过螺钉锁紧在螺柱(922)上。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：立式支撑板(92)顶部设有顶部支撑板(93)，顶部支撑板(93)设置有若干第三安装孔(931)，所述电堆模块(2)上设有隔板(20)，所述隔板(20)支承在顶部支撑板(93)上，通过螺钉穿过第三安装孔(931)将隔板(20)固定在顶部支撑板(93)上，隔板(20)上安放置燃料电池控制系统(6)。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述的氢气出口阀(24)和氢气入口阀(21)通过管道(15)连接一个集成排氢歧块(10),包括排氢岐块(101)、泄压阀(102)、吹扫阀(103)、排氢接头(104)和管道(15)，其中排氢岐块(101)里面设置有供氢气流通的主流道(1011)、第一支流道(1012)和第二支流道(1013)，主流道(1011)的顶部封闭，底部出口安装排氢接头(104)，第一支流道(1012)的第一支流道出口(10121)和主流道(1011)连通，第一支流道(1012)的第一支流道入口(10122)连接泄压阀(102)的输出端，泄压阀(102)的输入端连接管道(15)；第二支流道(1013)的第二支流道出口(10131)和主流道(1011)连通，第二支流道(1013)的第二支流道入口(10132)连接吹扫阀(103)的输出端，吹扫阀(103)的输入端连接管道(15)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述的第二支流道(1013)的第二支流道出口(10131)的位置靠近出氢接头(104)，第一支流道(1012)的第一支流道出口(10121)的高度H1比的第二支流道(1013)的第二支流道出口(10131)的高度H2高。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述的排氢岐块(10)是一块状体，包括顶面(105)、底面(106)、前面(107)、后面(108)、左面(109)和右面(100)，排氢接头(104)位于在底面(106)上，在底面(106)设置有环形凹槽(1061)，环形凹槽(1061)里面安装第二密封圈(1062)，排氢接头(104)位于环形凹槽(1061)中间，在箱体(1)的第一底板(13)上设置供排氢接头(104)穿过的通孔(132)，排氢岐块(10)的底面(106)靠向第一底板(13)，且排氢岐块(10)的底面(106)与第一底板(13)之间由 第二密封圈(1062)密封。
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