WO2021128649A1 - 一种燃料电池系统 - Google Patents

一种燃料电池系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021128649A1
WO2021128649A1 PCT/CN2020/083942 CN2020083942W WO2021128649A1 WO 2021128649 A1 WO2021128649 A1 WO 2021128649A1 CN 2020083942 W CN2020083942 W CN 2020083942W WO 2021128649 A1 WO2021128649 A1 WO 2021128649A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
water vapor
ejector
vapor separator
block
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PCT/CN2020/083942
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李勇
邓佳
梁未栋
韦庆省
易勇
王宏旭
赵勇富
刘小青
毛峰峰
刘华
Original Assignee
中山大洋电机股份有限公司
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201922386105.6U external-priority patent/CN211062794U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201922383449.1U external-priority patent/CN211088416U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201911370553.5A external-priority patent/CN111048818A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201922386095.6U external-priority patent/CN211062793U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201911370628.XA external-priority patent/CN110970640A/zh
Application filed by 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 filed Critical 中山大洋电机股份有限公司
Publication of WO2021128649A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021128649A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system, including a stack module, an electrical control assembly, a hydrogen circuit system, a cooling circuit system, and an air circuit system.
  • the hydrogen circuit system includes a stop valve, a proportional valve and an ejector,
  • the high-pressure hydrogen gas is connected to the hydrogen input port of the stack module after passing through the stop valve, the proportional valve, and the ejector.
  • the hydrogen return output port of the stack module is connected to the hydrogen return port of the ejector, and is characterized in that: At least one level of water vapor separator is arranged between the hydrogen return output port of the module and the hydrogen return ejection port of the ejector.
  • the mixed gas discharged from the hydrogen return output port of the stack module is processed by the at least one water vapor separator to separate the water.
  • the water vapor separator is provided with a water vapor outlet for discharging water.
  • the first pressure sensor is installed between the proportional valve and the ejector, and the second pressure sensor is installed between the ejector and the stack module.
  • the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are both installed on the block.
  • the above-mentioned ejector is installed inside the block, and the stop valve, the proportional valve, the pressure relief valve and the second water vapor separator are installed outside the block and communicated through the pipeline opened inside the block.
  • the above-mentioned two-stage water vapor separator includes a first water vapor separator and a second water vapor separator.
  • the output port of the first water vapor separator is connected to the input port of the second water vapor separator, and the output port of the second water vapor separator is connected to the ejector.
  • the hydrogen return injection port of the reactor is connected, and the input port of the first water vapor separator is connected with the hydrogen return output port of the stack module.
  • the above-mentioned output stack gas-liquid distribution device includes a first block, and the first block is provided with a hydrogen main channel for hydrogen circulation, an air main channel for air circulation, and a coolant main channel for cooling liquid to circulate. ,
  • the hydrogen main flow channel, the air main flow channel and the coolant main flow channel are separated from each other, and the first water vapor separator is installed in the hydrogen main flow channel.
  • the inner sides of the above-mentioned elbow and the cover are equipped with anti-loosening rubber caps, and the anti-loosing rubber caps are provided with grooves, and both ends of the central shaft are clamped in the grooves.
  • the above-mentioned first block is provided with a mounting plate on one side.
  • the mounting plate is provided with a number of hydrogen holes, a number of air holes and a number of coolant holes.
  • the main body of the block is also provided with a number of hydrogen flow channels, a number of air flow channels and a number of Coolant splitter, one end of several hydrogen splitters is connected with the hydrogen main channel, the other end of the several hydrogen splitters is connected with the hydrogen hole; one end of the several air splitters is connected with the air main channel, and the other end of the several air splitters Connected with the air hole; one end of the plurality of cooling liquid branch channels is respectively connected with the cooling liquid main channel, and the other end of the plurality of cooling liquid branch channels is connected with the cooling liquid hole.
  • the present invention has the following effects:
  • Figure 7 is a top view of a stack gas-liquid distribution device
  • Figure 9 is a side view of the stack gas-liquid distribution device
  • Figure 10 is a B-B cross-sectional view of Figure 9;
  • Figure 12 is a D-D cross-sectional view of Figure 9;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral hinged dragon blade in the gas-liquid distribution device of the stack;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the second block integration structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of another perspective of the second block integrated structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a top view of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 16;
  • Figure 18 is a G-G cross-sectional view of Figure 17;
  • Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line F-F in Fig. 16.
  • 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle in the ejector of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 21 is a schematic structural diagram of the mixing chamber in the ejector according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is an exploded schematic diagram of the ejector according to the first embodiment of the present invention after omitting a block;
  • Figure 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ejector according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic block diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic block diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides a fuel cell system, which includes a stack module 300, an electrical control assembly 400, a hydrogen circuit system 500, a cooling circuit system, and an air circuit system.
  • the system 500 includes a shut-off valve 9, a proportional valve 8, and an ejector 6.
  • the high-pressure hydrogen gas passes through the shut-off valve 9, the proportional valve 8, and the ejector 6 and is connected to the hydrogen input port of the stack module 300.
  • the hydrogen return output of the stack module The port is connected with the hydrogen return port of the ejector, and is characterized in that: at least one level of water vapor separator is provided between the hydrogen return output port of the stack module 300 and the hydrogen return ejection port 32 of the ejector 6, and The mixed gas discharged from the hydrogen return output port of the stack module 300 is processed by at least one level of water vapor separator to separate the water and then enters the hydrogen return injection port 32 of the ejector 6.
  • the water vapor separator is provided with a water vapor outlet for discharging water. After separating the water content of the mixed gas through at least one-stage water vapor separator, the quality of the injected mixed gas is reduced, the requirement for low-power hydrogen recovery is solved, the integration is high, and the installation is simple.
  • a two-stage water vapor separator is provided between the hydrogen return output port of the stack module 300 and the hydrogen return injection port 32 of the ejector 6, and a two-stage water vapor separator is added to remove water from the mixed gas of the return hydrogen. Reduce weight and increase the hydrogen content, thereby increasing the scope of the ejector's working capacity, and solving the difficulty of small hydrogen return when the industrial ejector is used in the low-power stage of the fuel cell system.
  • the two-stage water vapor separator includes a first water vapor separator 200A and a second water vapor separator 200B.
  • the output port of the first water vapor separator 200A is connected to the input port 203B of the second water vapor separator 200B, and the output of the second water vapor separator 200B
  • the port 202B is connected with the hydrogen return injection port 32 of the ejector 6, and the input port of the first water vapor separator 200A is connected with the hydrogen return output port of the stack module 300, and the structure arrangement is reasonable.
  • the first water vapor separator 200A and the second water vapor separator 200B also include a first drain port 201A and a second drain port 201B, respectively.
  • the first drain port 201A and the second drain port 201B are connected to the purge valve 5 through a purge pipeline. , It is convenient to discharge the separated water.
  • the hydrogen circuit system 500 also includes an output stack gas-liquid distribution device 501 and an input stack gas-liquid distribution device 502.
  • the first water vapor separator 200A is installed in the output stack gas-liquid distribution device 501 with high integration and reasonable structural arrangement.
  • the output stack gas-liquid distribution device 501 includes a first block 1, and the first block 1 is provided with a hydrogen main channel 11 for hydrogen circulation, an air main channel 12 for air circulation, And the coolant main flow channel 13 for cooling liquid to circulate, the hydrogen main flow channel 11, the air main flow channel 12 and the coolant main flow channel 13 are separated from each other, and the first water vapor separator 200A is installed in the hydrogen main flow channel 11.
  • the upper and lower ends of the hydrogen main flow channel 11, the air main flow channel 12 and the cooling liquid main flow channel 13 are respectively provided with a hydrogen opening 111, an air opening 121 and a cooling liquid opening 131, and one end of the hydrogen main flow channel 11 is installed in the hydrogen opening 111
  • the first water vapor separator includes a central shaft 21 and a spiral blade 22.
  • the elbow 3 and the cover 4 respectively press the central shaft
  • the two ends of 21 are of reliable quality, convenient production and few working procedures.
  • the inner side of the elbow 3 and the cover 4 are both installed with an anti-loosening rubber cap 5, the anti-loosening rubber cap 5 is provided with a groove 51, both ends of the central shaft 21 are clamped in the groove 51, and the anti-loosing rubber cap 5 can be Auxiliary support and compensation of the axial gap between the screw hinge dragon blade 2 and the elbow 3 and the cover 4 play a role in pressing and preventing the screw hinge dragon blade 2 from loosening.
  • the first block 1 is provided with a mounting plate 17 on one side.
  • the mounting plate is provided with a number of hydrogen holes 171, a number of air holes 172 and a number of coolant holes 173.
  • the body 1 of the block is also provided with a number of hydrogen flow channels 14, a number of An air distribution channel 15 and a plurality of cooling liquid distribution channels 16, one ends of the plurality of hydrogen distribution channels 14 are respectively connected with the hydrogen main channel 11, and the other end of the plurality of hydrogen distribution channels 14 is connected with the hydrogen hole 171;
  • the air main flow passage 12 is connected, and the other ends of the several air branch passages 15 are connected with the air holes 172; one end of the several cooling liquid branch passages 16 is respectively connected with the cooling liquid main passage 13, and the other ends of the several cooling liquid branch passages 16 are connected with the cooling liquid holes. 173 connected.
  • the hydrogen circuit system 500 also includes a pressure relief valve 10, a shut-off valve 9, a proportional valve 8, an ejector 6, and a second water vapor separator 200B, which are integrated and installed on a second block 100, with a compact structure , High integration, small size and easy installation.
  • the ejector 6 is installed inside the block 100, and the stop valve 9, the proportional valve 8 and the second water vapor separator 200B are installed outside the second block 100 and communicated through the pipeline opened inside the second block 100.
  • the structure is compact and integrated. High degree, small size, easy to install.
  • a first pressure sensor 11a is installed between the proportional valve 8 and the ejector 6, a second pressure sensor 11b is installed between the ejector 6 and the stack module 300, and both the first pressure sensor 11a and the second pressure sensor 11b are installed On the second block 100, the structure is compact and the integration is high.
  • the above-mentioned ejector 6 includes a nozzle 1, a mixing chamber 2, an inner sealing ring 4, and a fastening screw 5.
  • a cylindrical cavity 31 is excavated in the middle of the block 100, and the nozzle 1 and the mixing chamber 2 are respectively sleeved in the circle.
  • the two ends of the cylindrical cavity 31; the mixing chamber 2 and the agglomeration block 100 are sealed with an inner sealing ring 4, the nozzle 1 and the agglomeration block 100 are sealed with an inner sealing ring 4, and the nozzle 1 is mixed by the tightening screw 5
  • the chamber 2 is installed and fixed on the agglomeration block 100.
  • a hydrogen return injection port 32 is opened on the wall of the agglomeration block 100 as the inlet of the diverted hydrogen.
  • a first flow channel 11 is provided in the middle of the nozzle 1 as a channel for high-pressure hydrogen fluid.
  • the high pressure fluid inlet 12, the other end of the nozzle 1 is a high pressure injection port 13,
  • the mixing chamber 2 is provided with a mixing section flow passage 21 and an expansion section flow passage 22, the high pressure hydrogen fluid injected from the high pressure injection port 13 and the return hydrogen injection port 32 flow in
  • the diverted hydrogen is mixed in the flow channel 21 of the mixing section, and is ejected after passing through the flow channel 22 of the expansion section.
  • the ejector 6 is more simplified in structure, small in size, high in integration, low in cost, and simple in processing.
  • the above-mentioned nozzle 1 includes a first cylindrical portion 14 and a spraying portion 15 connected to the first cylindrical portion 14.
  • the outer surface of the first cylindrical portion 14 is nested with the inner surface of the agglomeration block 100 in the first circle.
  • An inner sealing ring 4 is provided between the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 14 and the inner surface of the cavity 31 of the block 100 for sealing; one end of the first cylindrical portion 14 is provided with a first flange 16 which is flanged on the first flange A number of first mounting holes 17 are provided on the 16 and a number of first screw holes 33 are provided on the front end of the cylindrical cavity 31.
  • the first mounting holes 17 correspond to the positions of the first screw holes 33, and the fastening screws 5 pass through Install the nozzle 1 on the block 100 by screwing into the first screw hole 33 through the first mounting hole;
  • the spray part 15 is a cone;
  • the outer surface of the first cylindrical part 14 is provided with at least one first annular groove 141, so
  • the inner sealing ring 4 is installed in the first annular groove 141;
  • the mixing chamber 2 includes a second cylindrical portion 23, two ends of the second cylindrical portion 23 are respectively provided with a mixing section inlet 232 and an expansion section outlet 233,
  • An inner sealing ring 4 is provided between the outer surface of the second cylindrical portion 23 and the inner surface of the cavity 31 of the agglomeration block 100 for sealing;
  • one end of the second cylindrical portion 23 is provided with a second flange flange 24,
  • a plurality of second mounting holes 25 are provided on the second flange flange 24, and a plurality of second screw holes 34 are provided on the rear end of the cylindrical cavity 31.
  • the second mounting holes 25 and the second The screw holes 34 are in corresponding positions, and the mixing chamber is installed on the block 100 by screwing the fastening screws 5 through the second mounting holes 25 into the second screw holes 34; at least one is provided on the outer surface of the second cylindrical portion 23
  • the second annular groove 231 has an inner sealing ring 4 installed in the second annular groove 231.
  • Mounting brackets 102 are provided on both sides of the second block 100, and electric heaters 104 are installed on the bottom surface of the second block 100, and the electric heaters 104 are convenient to realize the requirement of cold start.
  • this embodiment is a modification on the basis of Embodiment 1.
  • the modification point is: there is only one between the hydrogen return output port of the stack module 300 and the hydrogen return ejection port 32 of the ejector 6
  • the first-stage water vapor separator is the second water vapor separator 200B, and the first water vapor separator 200A of the first embodiment is eliminated, so that the structure is simpler and the cost is lower. The occasions where the requirement for water removal and weight loss is not high.
  • the above-mentioned hydrogen circuit system 500 also includes a pressure relief valve 10.
  • the shut-off valve 9, the proportional valve 8, the ejector 6, the pressure relief valve 10 and the second water vapor separator 200B are integrated and installed in one On the block 100, the structure is simple and the degree of integration is higher.
  • the first pressure sensor 11a is installed between the proportional valve 8 and the ejector 6, and the second pressure sensor 11b is installed between the ejector 6 and the stack module 300.
  • the first pressure sensor 11a and the second pressure sensor 11b are both Installed on the assembly block 100, the integration is further improved, and the volume is more compact.
  • the above-mentioned ejector 6 is installed inside the block 100, and the shut-off valve 9, the proportional valve 8, the pressure relief valve 10 and the second water vapor separator 200B are installed outside the block 100 and communicated through a pipe opened inside the block 100.

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Abstract

一种燃料电池系统，包括电堆模块（300）、电气控制组件（400）、氢气路系统（500）、冷却回路系统和空气路系统，所述的氢气路系统（500）包括截止阀（9）、比例阀（8）和引射器（6），高压氢气经过截止阀（9）、比例阀（8）、引射器（6）后连接到电堆模块（300）的氢气输入口，电堆模块（300）的回氢输出口与引射器（6）的回氢口连接，其特征在于：在所述电堆模块（300）的回氢输出口与引射器（6）的回氢引射口（32）之间设有至少一级水汽分离器，电堆模块（300）的回氢输出口排出的混合气体经过至少一级水汽分离器处理分离出水后进入到引射器（6）的回氢引射口（32），水汽分离器设置水汽排出口用于排出水，通过至少一级水汽分离器分离混合气体的水分后，降低被引射混合气体的质量，解决了低功率回氢要求，集成度高，安装简便。

Description

一种燃料电池系统 技术领域：
本发明涉及一种燃料电池系统。
背景技术：
现有的氢燃料电池系统物质流一般包括空气路、氢气路、冷却剂三路流体。其中空气是直接外排，冷却剂是内循环，氢气需要循环使用并外排少量副产物水和空气路渗透过来的氮气。目前氢气路的气体循环大部分采用氢气循环泵进行氢气循环，吹扫阀进行排水及氮气。氢气循环泵为主动增压式，结构复杂，成本高，还需要耗能，维护不方便。传统的引射器的集成度低、由于混合体质量过大(含水率高)在低功率阶段引射效果不理想，回氢量不足及不稳定。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是提供一种燃料电池系统，解决现有技术中电堆模块回氢混合体含水率高、质量过大导致在低功率阶段引射效果不理想，回氢量不足及不稳定的问题。
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案予以实现的。
本发明的目的是提供一种燃料电池系统，包括电堆模块、电气控制组件、氢气路系统、冷却回路系统和空气路系统，所述的氢气路系统包括截止阀、比例阀和引射器，高压氢气经过截止阀、比例阀、引射器后连接到电堆模块的氢气输入口，电堆模块的回氢输出口与引射器的回氢口连接，其特征在于：在所述电堆模块的回氢输出口与引射器的回氢引射口之间设有至少一级水汽分离器，电堆模块的回氢输出口排出的混合气体经过至少一级水汽分离器处理分离出水后进入到引射器的回氢引射口，水汽分离器设置水汽排出口用于排出水。
上述所述的电堆模块的回氢输出口与引射器的回氢引射口之间只有一级水汽分离器,一级水汽分离器是第二水汽分离器。
上述的氢气路系统还包括泄压阀，截止阀、比例阀、引射器、泄压阀和第 二水汽分离器集成安装在一个集块上。
上述在比例阀与引射器之间安装第一压力传感器，在引射器与电堆模块之间安装第二压力传感器，第一压力传感器、第二压力传感器都安装在集块上。
上述的引射器安装在集块内部，截止阀、比例阀、泄压阀和第二水汽分离器安装在集块外面并通过集块内部开设的管道连通。
上述所述的电堆模块的回氢输出口与引射器的回氢引射口之间设有两级水汽分离器。
上述所述的两级水汽分离器包括第一水汽分离器和第二水汽分离器,第一水汽分离器输出口连接第二水汽分离器的输入口，第二水汽分离器的输出口与引射器的回氢引射口连接，第一水汽分离器的输入口与电堆模块的回氢输出口连接。
上述所述的第一水汽分离器和第二水汽分离器还分别包括第一排水口和第二排水口，第一排水口和第二排水口通过吹扫管路与吹扫阀连接。
上述所述的氢气路系统还包括输出电堆气液分配装置和输入电堆气液分配装置，第一水汽分离器安装在输出电堆气液分配装置里。
上述所述的输出电堆气液分配装置包括第一集块，第一集块上设有供氢气流通的氢气主流道、供空气流通的空气主流道、以及供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道，氢气主流道、空气主流道和冷却液主流道相互隔开，氢气主流道内安装第一水汽分离器。
上述所述的氢气主流道、空气主流道和冷却液主流道的上下两端分别开设有氢气开口、空气开口和冷却液开口，氢气主流道的其中一端的氢气开口里安装有弯头，氢气主流道另一端的氢气开口里安装有封盖，所述第一水汽分离器包括中心轴和螺旋叶片，弯头和封盖分别压紧中心轴的两端。
上述所述的弯头和封盖的内侧均安装有防松橡胶帽，防松橡胶帽设有凹槽，中心轴的两端卡在凹槽内。
上述所述的第一集块一侧设有安装板，安装板上开设有若干氢气孔、若干 空气孔和若干冷却液孔，集块主体还设有若干氢气分流道、若干空气分流道和若干冷却液分流道，若干氢气分流道的一端分别与氢气主流道连通，若干氢气分流道的另一端与氢气孔连通；若干空气分流道的一端分别与空气主流道连通，若干空气分流道的另一端与空气孔连通；若干冷却液分流道的一端分别与冷却液主流道连通，若干冷却液分流道的另一端与冷却液孔连通。
上述所述的氢气路系统还包括泄压阀,截止阀、比例阀、引射器和第二水汽分离器集成安装在一个第二集块上。
上述所述的引射器安装在集块内部，截止阀、比例阀和第二水汽分离器安装在第二集块外面并通过第二集块内部开设的管道连通。
上述所述的比例阀与引射器之间安装第一压力传感器，在引射器与电堆模块之间安装第二压力传感器，第一压力传感器、第二压力传感器都安装在第二集块上。
上述所述的第二集块两侧设置安装支架，第二集块的底面安装电发热器。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下效果：
1)本发明包括电堆模块、电气控制组件、氢气路系统、冷却回路系统和空气路系统，所述的氢气路系统包括截止阀、比例阀和引射器，高压氢气经过截止阀、比例阀、引射器后连接到电堆模块的氢气输入口，电堆模块的回氢输出口与引射器的回氢口连接，其特征在于：在所述电堆模块的回氢输出口与引射器的回氢引射口之间设有至少一级水汽分离器，电堆模块的回氢输出口排出的混合气体经过至少一级水汽分离器处理分离出水后进入到引射器的回氢引射口，水汽分离器设置水汽排出口用于排出水，通过至少一级水汽分离器分离混合气体的水份后，降低被引射混合气体的质量，解决了低功率回氢要求，集成度高，安装简便；
2)本发明的其它优点在实施例部分展开详细描述。
附图说明：
图1是本发明实施例一的立体图；
图2是本发明实施例一的立体分解图；
图3是本发明实施例一的局部结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例一的输出电堆气液分配装置的立体图；
图5是电堆气液分配装置另一角度的立体图；
图6是电堆气液分配装置的爆炸图；
图7是电堆气液分配装置的俯视图；
图8是图7的A-A剖视图；
图9是电堆气液分配装置的侧视图；
图10是图9的B-B剖视图；
图11是图9的C-C剖视图；
图12是图9的D-D剖视图；
图13是电堆气液分配装置中螺旋铰龙叶片的结构示意图；
图14是本发明实施例一的第二集块集成结构示意图；
图15是本发明实施例一的第二集块集成结构的另一个角度示意图；
图16是本发明实施例一的俯视图；
图17是图16的E-E剖视图；
图18是图17的G-G剖视图；
图19是图16的F-F剖视图。
图20是本发明实施例一的引射器中喷嘴的结构示意图；
图21是本发明实施例一的引射器中混合室的结构示意图；
图22是本发明实施例一的引射器省略集块后的分解示意图；
图23是本发明实施例一的引射器原理剖视图；
图24是本发明实施例一的方框示意图。
图25是本发明实施例一的方框示意图。
具体实施方式：
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述。
实施例一：
如图1至图24所示，本实施例提供的是一种燃料电池系统，包括电堆模块300、电气控制组件400、氢气路系统500、冷却回路系统和空气路系统，所述的氢气路系统500包括截止阀9、比例阀8和引射器6，高压氢气经过截止阀9、比例阀8、引射器6后连接到电堆模块300的氢气输入口，电堆模块的回氢输出口与引射器的回氢口连接，其特征在于：在所述电堆模块300的回氢输出口与引射器6的回氢引射口32之间设有至少一级水汽分离器，电堆模块300的回氢输出口排出的混合气体经过至少一级水汽分离器处理分离出水后进入到引射器6的回氢引射口32，水汽分离器设置水汽排出口用于排出水，通过至少一级水汽分离器分离混合气体的水份后，降低被引射混合气体的质量，解决了低功率回氢要求，集成度高，安装简便。
在所述电堆模块300的回氢输出口与引射器6的回氢引射口32之间设有两级水汽分离器，增加两级水汽分离器，对回氢的混合气体进行除水减重，提高氢气含量，进而提高引射器的工作能力范围，解决行业引射器应用在燃料电池系统的低功率阶段回氢量小的难点。
所述两级水汽分离器包括第一水汽分离器200A和第二水汽分离器200B,第一水汽分离器200A输出口连接第二水汽分离器200B的输入口203B，第二水汽分离器200B的输出口202B与引射器6的回氢引射口32连接，第一水汽分离器200A的输入口与电堆模块300的回氢输出口连接，结构布置合理。
第一水汽分离器200A和第二水汽分离器200B还分别包括第一排水口201A和第二排水口201B，第一排水口201A和第二排水口201B通过吹扫管路与吹扫阀5连接，便于分离出的水份排出。
氢气路系统500还包括输出电堆气液分配装置501和输入电堆气液分配装置502，第一水汽分离器200A安装在输出电堆气液分配装置501里，集成度高，结构布置合理。
如图4至图13所示，输出电堆气液分配装置501包括第一集块1，第一集 块1上设有供氢气流通的氢气主流道11、供空气流通的空气主流道12、以及供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道13，氢气主流道11、空气主流道12和冷却液主流道13相互隔开，氢气主流道11内安装第一水汽分离器200A。
所述氢气主流道11、空气主流道12和冷却液主流道13的上下两端分别开设有氢气开口111、空气开口121和冷却液开口131，氢气主流道11的其中一端的氢气开口111里安装有弯头3，氢气主流道11另一端的氢气开口111里安装有封盖4，所述第一水汽分离器包括中心轴21和螺旋叶片22，弯头3和封盖4分别压紧中心轴21的两端,质量可靠，生产方便，工序少。
所述弯头3和封盖4的内侧均安装有防松橡胶帽5，防松橡胶帽5设有凹槽51，中心轴21的两端卡在凹槽51内,防松橡胶帽5可辅助支撑及补偿螺旋铰龙叶片2与弯头3及封盖4之间的轴向间隙，起到对螺旋铰龙叶片2压紧及防松的作用。
所述第一集块1一侧设有安装板17，安装板上开设有若干氢气孔171、若干空气孔172和若干冷却液孔173，集块主体1还设有若干氢气分流道14、若干空气分流道15和若干冷却液分流道16，若干氢气分流道14的一端分别与氢气主流道11连通，若干氢气分流道14的另一端与氢气孔171连通；若干空气分流道15的一端分别与空气主流道12连通，若干空气分流道15的另一端与空气孔172连通；若干冷却液分流道16的一端分别与冷却液主流道13连通，若干冷却液分流道16的另一端与冷却液孔173连通。
如图14至图23，氢气路系统500还包括泄压阀10,截止阀9、比例阀8、引射器6和第二水汽分离器200B集成安装在一个第二集块100上,结构紧凑，集成度高，体积小，安装简便。
引射器6安装在集块100内部，截止阀9、比例阀8和第二水汽分离器200B安装在第二集块100外面并通过第二集块100内部开设的管道连通,结构紧凑，集成度高，体积小，安装简便。
在比例阀8与引射器6之间安装第一压力传感器11a，在引射器6与电堆模 块300之间安装第二压力传感器11b，第一压力传感器11a、第二压力传感器11b都安装在第二集块100上,结构紧凑，集成度高。
上述引射器6包括喷嘴1、混合室2、内密封圈4和紧固螺钉5，所述的集块100中间挖出圆筒形的空腔31，喷嘴1和混合室2分别套装在圆筒形的空腔31的两端；混合室2与集块100之间用内密封圈4密封，喷嘴1与集块100之间用内密封圈4密封，紧固螺钉5将喷嘴1、混合室2安装固定在集块100上，在集块100壁面上开有回氢引射口32作为被引流氢气的入口，喷嘴1中间设置第一流道11作为高压氢气流体的通道，喷嘴1一端设置高压流体入口12，喷嘴1另一端是高压喷射口13，混合室2设置混合段流道21和扩张段流道22，高压喷射口13喷射出来的高压氢气流体与回氢引射口32流入的被引流氢气在混合段流道21混合，并经过扩张段流道22后引射出去。引射器6的结构更加简化，体积小，集成度高，成本低，加工简单。
上述的喷嘴1包括第一圆筒部14和与第一圆筒部14相连接的喷射部15，第一圆筒部14的外表面与集块100的内表面配合嵌套，在第一圆筒部14的外表面与集块100的空腔31内表面之间设置内密封圈4进行密封；第一圆筒部14的一端设置第一法兰翻边16，在第一法兰翻边16上设置若干第一安装孔17，在圆筒形的空腔31的前端面上设置若干个第一螺孔33，第一安装孔17与第一螺孔33位置对应，紧固螺钉5穿过第一安装孔旋进第一螺孔33将喷嘴1安装在集块100上；喷射部15是一个圆锥体；第一圆筒部14的外表面设置至少一条第一环形凹槽141，所述第一环形凹槽141内安装有内密封圈4；混合室2包括第二圆筒部23，所述第二圆筒部23的两端分别开设有混合段入口232和扩张段出口233，在第二圆筒部23的外表面与集块100的空腔31内表面之间设置内密封圈4进行密封；所述第二圆筒部23的一端设置有第二法兰翻边24，所述第二法兰翻边24上设置若干第二安装孔25，所述圆筒形的空腔31的后端面上设置多干第二螺孔34，所述第二安装孔25与第二螺孔34位置对应，通过紧固螺钉5穿过第二安装孔25旋进第二螺孔34将混合室安装在集块100上；所述第 二圆筒部23的外表面上设置至少一条第二环形凹槽231，所述第二环形凹槽231内安装有内密封圈4。零件结构简单，安装容易，密封性好。
第二集块100两侧设置安装支架102，第二集块100的底面安装电发热器104,电发热器104便于实现冷启动的要求。
实施例二：
见图25所示，本实施例是在实施例一基础上的改动，改动点是：所述电堆模块300的回氢输出口与引射器6的回氢引射口32之间只有一级水汽分离器,一级水汽分离器是第二水汽分离器200B，取消实施例一的第一水汽分离器200A，这样结构更加简单，成本更低，这种模式适应对回氢的混合气体进行除水减重要求不高的场合。
如图14至图19所示，上述的氢气路系统500还包括泄压阀10，截止阀9、比例阀8、引射器6、泄压阀10和第二水汽分离器200B集成安装在一个集块100上，结构简单，集成度更高。
上述在比例阀8与引射器6之间安装第一压力传感器11a，在引射器6与电堆模块300之间安装第二压力传感器11b，第一压力传感器11a、第二压力传感器11b都安装在集块100上，进一步提高集成度，体积更加紧凑。
上述的引射器6安装在集块100内部，截止阀9、比例阀8、泄压阀10和第二水汽分离器200B安装在集块100外面并通过集块100内部开设的管道连通。
以上实施例为本发明的较佳实施方式，但本发明的实施方式不限于此，其他任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种燃料电池系统，包括电堆模块(300)、电气控制组件(400)、氢气路系统(500)、冷却回路系统和空气路系统，所述的氢气路系统(500)包括截止阀(9)、比例阀(8)和引射器(6)，高压氢气经过截止阀(9)、比例阀(8)、引射器(6)后连接到电堆模块(300)的氢气输入口，电堆模块的回氢输出口与引射器的回氢口连接，其特征在于：在所述电堆模块(300)的回氢输出口与引射器(6)的回氢引射口(32)之间设有至少一级水汽分离器，电堆模块(300)的回氢输出口排出的混合气体经过至少一级水汽分离器处理分离出水后进入到引射器(6)的回氢引射口(32)，水汽分离器设置水汽排出口用于排出水。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：所述电堆模块(300)的回氢输出口与引射器(6)的回氢引射口(32)之间只有一级水汽分离器,一级水汽分离器是第二水汽分离器(200B)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：氢气路系统(500)还包括泄压阀(10)，截止阀(9)、比例阀(8)、引射器(6)、泄压阀(10)和第二水汽分离器(200B)集成安装在一个集块(100)上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：在比例阀(8)与引射器(6)之间安装第一压力传感器(11a)，在引射器(6)与电堆模块(300)之间安装第二压力传感器(11b)，第一压力传感器(11a)、第二压力传感器(11b)都安装在集块(100)上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：引射器(6)安装在集块(100)内部，截止阀(9)、比例阀(8)、泄压阀(10)和第二水汽分离器(200B)安装在集块(100)外面并通过集块(100)内部开设的管道连通。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：在所述电堆模块(300)的回氢输出口与引射器(6)的回氢引射口(32)之间设有两级水汽分离器。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：所述两级水汽分离器包括第一水汽分离器(200A)和第二水汽分离器(200B),第一水汽分离器(200A)输出口连接第二水汽分离器(200B)的输入口(203B)，第二水汽分离器(200B)的输出口(202B)与引射器(6)的回氢引射口(32)连接，第一水汽分离器(200A)的输入口与电堆模块(300)的回氢输出口连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：第一水汽分离器(200A)和第二水汽分离器(200B)还分别包括第一排水口(201A)和第二排水口(201B)，第一排水口(201A)和第二排水口(201B)通过吹扫管路与吹扫阀(5)连接。
  9. 根据权利要求或7或8所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：氢气路系统(500)还包括输出电堆气液分配装置(501)和输入电堆气液分配装置(502)，第一水汽分离器(200A)安装在输出电堆气液分配装置(501)里。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：输出电堆气液分配装置(501)包括第一集块(1)，第一集块(1)上设有供氢气流通的氢气主流道(11)、供空气流通的空气主流道(12)、以及供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道(13)，氢气主流道(11)、空气主流道(12)和冷却液主流道(13)相互隔开，氢气主流道(11)内安装第一水汽分离器(200A)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：所述氢气主流道(11)、空气主流道(12)和冷却液主流道(13)的上下两端分别开设有氢气开口(111)、空气开口(121)和冷却液开口(131)，氢气主流道(11)的其中一端的氢气开口(111)里安装有弯头(3)，氢气主流道(11)另一端的氢气开口(111)里安装有封盖(4)，所述第一水汽分离器(200A)包括中心轴(21)和螺旋叶片(22)，弯头(3)和封盖(4)分别压紧中心轴(21)的两端。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：所述弯头(3)和封盖(4)的内侧均安装有防松橡胶帽(5)，防松橡胶帽(5)设有凹槽(51)，中心轴(21)的两端卡在凹槽(51)内。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：所述第一集块(1)一侧设有安装板(17)，安装板上开设有若干氢气孔(171)、若干空气孔(172)和若干冷却液孔(173)，集块主体(1)还设有若干氢气分流道(14)、若干空气分流道(15)和若干冷却液分流道(16)，若干氢气分流道(14)的一端分别与氢气主流道(11)连通，若干氢气分流道(14)的另一端与氢气孔(171)连通；若干空气分流道(15)的一端分别与空气主流道(12)连通，若干空气分流道(15)的另一端与空气孔(172)连通；若干冷却液分流道(16)的一端分别与冷却液主流道(13)连通，若干冷却液分流道(16)的另一端与冷却液孔(173)连通。
  14. 根据权利要求6所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：氢气路系统(500)还包括泄压阀(10),截止阀(9)、比例阀(8)、引射器(6)和第二水汽分离器(200B)集成安装在一个第二集块(100)上。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：引射器(6)安装在集块(100)内部，截止阀(9)、比例阀(8)和第二水汽分离器(200B)安装在第二集块(100)外面并通过第二集块(100)内部开设的管道连通。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：在比例阀(8)与引射器(6)之间安装第一压力传感器(11a)，在引射器(6)与电堆模块(300)之间安装第二压力传感器(11b)，第一压力传感器(11a)、第二压力传感器(11b)都安装在第二集块(100)上。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的一种燃料电池系统，其特征在于：第二集块(100)两侧设置安装支架(102)，第二集块(100)的底面安装电发热器(104)。
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