WO2020033749A1 - Multispectral ranging/imaging sensor arrays and systems - Google Patents

Multispectral ranging/imaging sensor arrays and systems Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020033749A1
WO2020033749A1 PCT/US2019/045783 US2019045783W WO2020033749A1 WO 2020033749 A1 WO2020033749 A1 WO 2020033749A1 US 2019045783 W US2019045783 W US 2019045783W WO 2020033749 A1 WO2020033749 A1 WO 2020033749A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
light
channel
channels
ambient
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2019/045783
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Angus Pacala
Mark FRICHTL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ouster Inc
Original Assignee
Ouster Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to KR1020217007171A priority Critical patent/KR102784783B1/ko
Priority to IL280547A priority patent/IL280547B2/en
Priority to CA3108884A priority patent/CA3108884A1/en
Priority to SG11202101312QA priority patent/SG11202101312QA/en
Priority to EP19847809.1A priority patent/EP3834003A4/en
Priority to AU2019319946A priority patent/AU2019319946A1/en
Application filed by Ouster Inc filed Critical Ouster Inc
Priority to JP2021506647A priority patent/JP7426377B2/ja
Priority to CN201980064450.8A priority patent/CN112805584A/zh
Publication of WO2020033749A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020033749A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to JP2024007360A priority patent/JP7854004B2/ja
Priority to JP2025154917A priority patent/JP2026016365A/ja
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S17/89Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S17/894Three-dimensional [3D] imaging with simultaneous measurement of time-of-flight at a two-dimensional [2D] array of receiver pixels, e.g. time-of-flight cameras or flash lidar
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/42Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J1/4204Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors with determination of ambient light
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/46Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4814Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of transmitters alone
    • G01S7/4815Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of transmitters alone using multiple transmitters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4816Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of receivers alone
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/70SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
    • H04N25/703SSIS architectures incorporating pixels for producing signals other than image signals
    • H04N25/705Pixels for depth measurement, e.g. RGBZ
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F39/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
    • H10F39/10Integrated devices
    • H10F39/12Image sensors
    • H10F39/18Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS] image sensors; Photodiode array image sensors
    • H10F39/182Colour image sensors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F39/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
    • H10F39/80Constructional details of image sensors
    • H10F39/805Coatings
    • H10F39/8053Colour filters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F39/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
    • H10F39/80Constructional details of image sensors
    • H10F39/806Optical elements or arrangements associated with the image sensors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications

Definitions

  • a“2D” (two-dimensional) multispectral sensor array can be provided, where the array includes a two-dimensional arrangement of multispectral pixels.
  • Each multispectral pixel can include a depth channel along with one or more ambient-light sensor channels.
  • Such arrays can be used in moving (e.g., rotating) ranging/imaging systems as well as in“static” systems, where imaging of the field of view is accomplished without moving the sensor array.
  • the sensor array is fabricated as a single ASIC.
  • the ASIC may also include other components, such as a data buffer disposed within the ASIC and configured to store data from two or more of the LIDAR sensor channels and two or more of the ambient-light sensor channels and/or a processing circuit disposed within the ASIC and configured to perform an image processing operation on the data stored in the data buffer.
  • the optical prescription of each of the channel-specific micro-optic elements can compensate for an offset between a location of the aperture and a corresponding location on the curved focal plane, e.g., by using an optical prescription for each channel-specific micro-optic element that is a function of a radial distance in the aperture plane from an optical axis of the bulk optic module to the corresponding aperture.
  • Optical prescriptions can include focal length (or focusing power) and/or standoff distance; accordingly, the channel-specific micro-optic elements disposed in front of different apertures can have optical prescriptions with different focusing power and/or different standoff distances from the aperture plane.
  • the set of at least two ambient-light sensor channels in each sensor row can include at least two overlapping ambient-light sensor channels having respective channel-specific optical filters for which the channel-specific property of the light overlaps.
  • the controller can operate the sensor array such that each of the three or more ambient-light sensor channels is exposed to light from a same portion of a field of view.
  • the arithmetic logic circuit can decode signals from the at least two overlapping ambient-light sensor channels into respective light intensity levels for light having a plurality of non-overlapping properties.
  • Some embodiments relate to a sensor array that includes multiple sensor channels including multispectral sensor channels.
  • Each multispectral sensor channel can have: a channel input aperture; at least three photosensors; and a patterned optical filter having at least three different portions, wherein different portions of the patterned optical filter selectively pass light having different properties to different subsets of the at least three photosensors.
  • the different portions of the patterned optical filter can include at least a first portion that passes light to a first subset of the at least three photosensors and a second portion that passes light to a second subset of the at least three photosensors, where respective properties of light passed by the first and second portions overlap.
  • FIG. 13 shows a simplified front view of a sensor array according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 19 is a simplified cross-sectional view of a portion of a sensor array with an achromatic bulk optical module according to one or more embodiments.
  • spectrally-encoded filter set of FIG. 12 can provide equivalent spectral information.
  • the encoding scheme of FIG. 12 allows each channel to accept more light, which may improve measurement accuracy.
  • the particular wavelength for which the Rx-side bulk imaging module focuses light onto the input aperture plane can be different.
  • FIG. 17 shows an example of channel-specific compensating micro-optics for an embodiment where an Rx-side bulk imaging module 1560 that has chromatic aberration focuses blue light onto aperture plane 360.
  • blue channel 202B does not use any compensating micro-optic, but (due to chromatic aberration) without compensating micro-optics, the focal points for the desired light wavelengths for other channels would lie beyond aperture plane 360, again leading to wavelength-dependent amounts of light loss and spatial selectivity.
  • compensating micro-optics with wavelength-specific (or channel-specific) positive (focusing) or negative (defocusing) prescriptions placed in front of their apertures.
  • the compensating micro-optic elements for all channels in the sensor array can be placed on the same plane (e.g., on top of the aperture layer).
  • the particular shape of the compensating micro-optic elements can be varied; for instance, the compensating micro-optic for a given channel can include a plano-convex lens, a plano-concave lens, a biconvex lens, a biconcave lens, a
  • intrapixel pointing error is used herein to refer to differences in the field of view between sensor channels that are nominally pointed at the same object-space pixel. (These differences are“intrapixel” with respect to object-space pixels.) In some embodiments, controlling intrapixel pointing error is desirable when gathering multispectral pixel data.
  • FIG. 26 shows an example of intrapixel pointing error that can be quantified and constrained in some embodiments of scanning systems.
  • Circle 2602 represents the nominal location of an object-space pixel; point 2604 is the center of circle 2602.
  • Circle 2612 (dashed line) represents the field of view sampled by a particular sensor channel when nominally pointed in the direction of circle 2602.
  • center point 2614 of circle 2612 is offset from the center 2604 of object-space pixel 2602 by an offset e. This offset can be used to quantify intrapixel pointing error.
  • Rotating imaging/LIDAR system 3200 shown in FIG. 32 includes two main modules: a light ranging/imaging (R/I) device 3220 and a rotary actuator 3215.
  • a light ranging/imaging (R/I) device 3220 and a rotary actuator 3215.
  • the brushless electric motor assembly includes a stator assembly 3262 integrated onto a printed circuit board of the lower circuit board assembly 3260 and a rotor assembly 3282 integrated onto a printed circuit board of the upper circuit board assembly 3280.
  • the rotation of rotor assembly 3282 is driven from a drive signal, for example, a three-phase drive current, that originates from a motor driver circuit 3264.
  • a drive signal for example, a three-phase drive current
  • one or more motor control lines connect the motor driver circuit to the coils of the stator assembly 3262 to allow for the drive signal to be provided to the motor stator.
  • optical communication components provide an uplink data channel for providing optical signals, including control signals, to light ranging/imaging device 3220 and also provide a downlink data channel for providing optical signals, including ranging and operational data, from light ranging/imaging device 3220 to base controller 3266, user interface hardware and software 3205, and/or the vehicle control unit 3210.
  • the rotation (or other scanning) of light ranging/imaging device 3220 can be coordinated with the shutter intervals (which may correspond to LIDAR active-sensing intervals) such that a given location within the field of view is successively imaged by each sensor channel in a row of the sensor array. That is, the time between shutter intervals can be based on the angular distance between adjacent image pixels divided by the rotation rate of the imaging/LIDAR sensor array. Since the sensor channels image the same point in space (at slightly different times), registration between images obtained from different channels is inherent, with no need for object-identification or point-mapping algorithms.
  • the shutter intervals which may correspond to LIDAR active-sensing intervals
  • driver-assistance based on multispectral image data (including depth data) acquired using ranging/imaging systems of the kind described herein.
  • multispectral image data including depth data
  • Such information has a variety of uses and applications, including but not limited to driver-assistance and/or

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
  • Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
PCT/US2019/045783 2018-08-09 2019-08-08 Multispectral ranging/imaging sensor arrays and systems Ceased WO2020033749A1 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2021506647A JP7426377B2 (ja) 2018-08-09 2019-08-08 マルチスペクトル測距/撮像センサアレイ及びシステム
IL280547A IL280547B2 (en) 2018-08-09 2019-08-08 Multispectral ranging/imaging sensor arrays and systems
CA3108884A CA3108884A1 (en) 2018-08-09 2019-08-08 Multispectral ranging/imaging sensor arrays and systems
SG11202101312QA SG11202101312QA (en) 2018-08-09 2019-08-08 Multispectral ranging/imaging sensor arrays and systems
EP19847809.1A EP3834003A4 (en) 2018-08-09 2019-08-08 MULTISPECTRAL RANGE/IMAGEMENT SENSOR ARRANGEMENTS AND SYSTEMS
KR1020217007171A KR102784783B1 (ko) 2018-08-09 2019-08-08 다중 스펙트럼 레인징/이미징 센서 어레이 및 시스템
CN201980064450.8A CN112805584A (zh) 2018-08-09 2019-08-08 多光谱测距/成像传感器阵列和系统
AU2019319946A AU2019319946A1 (en) 2018-08-09 2019-08-08 Multispectral ranging/imaging sensor arrays and systems
JP2024007360A JP7854004B2 (ja) 2018-08-09 2024-01-22 マルチスペクトル測距/撮像センサアレイ及びシステム
JP2025154917A JP2026016365A (ja) 2018-08-09 2025-09-18 マルチスペクトル測距/撮像センサアレイ及びシステム

Applications Claiming Priority (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201862716900P 2018-08-09 2018-08-09
US62/716,900 2018-08-09
US201862726810P 2018-09-04 2018-09-04
US62/726,810 2018-09-04
US201862744540P 2018-10-11 2018-10-11
US62/744,540 2018-10-11
US201962877778P 2019-07-23 2019-07-23
US62/877,778 2019-07-23
US16/534,838 2019-08-07
US16/534,838 US10739189B2 (en) 2018-08-09 2019-08-07 Multispectral ranging/imaging sensor arrays and systems

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US (1) US10739189B2 (https=)
EP (1) EP3834003A4 (https=)
JP (2) JP7426377B2 (https=)
KR (1) KR102784783B1 (https=)
CN (2) CN112805584A (https=)
AU (1) AU2019319946A1 (https=)
CA (1) CA3108884A1 (https=)
IL (1) IL280547B2 (https=)
SG (1) SG11202101312QA (https=)
TW (1) TWI853829B (https=)
WO (1) WO2020033749A1 (https=)

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