WO2020024961A1 - 数据处理方法、设备及系统 - Google Patents

数据处理方法、设备及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020024961A1
WO2020024961A1 PCT/CN2019/098509 CN2019098509W WO2020024961A1 WO 2020024961 A1 WO2020024961 A1 WO 2020024961A1 CN 2019098509 W CN2019098509 W CN 2019098509W WO 2020024961 A1 WO2020024961 A1 WO 2020024961A1
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Prior art keywords
data packet
transmission
data
processing
indication information
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PCT/CN2019/098509
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周艳
周汉
王耕
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP19844773.2A priority Critical patent/EP3820194A4/en
Publication of WO2020024961A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020024961A1/zh
Priority to US17/163,985 priority patent/US11463346B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H04L45/122—Shortest path evaluation by minimising distances, e.g. by selecting a route with minimum of number of hops
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H04L45/127—Shortest path evaluation based on intermediate node capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/20—Hop count for routing purposes, e.g. TTL
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/38—Flow based routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/11—Identifying congestion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/12—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion
    • H04L47/122—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion by diverting traffic away from congested entities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/20—Traffic policing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64784—Data processing by the network
    • H04N21/64792—Controlling the complexity of the content stream, e.g. by dropping packets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/24—Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
    • H04W72/566—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the information or information source or recipient
    • H04W72/569—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the information or information source or recipient of the traffic information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/302—Route determination based on requested QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/302—Route determination based on requested QoS
    • H04L45/306—Route determination based on the nature of the carried application

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a data processing method, device, and system.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the IntServ mechanism means that the network performs resource reservation based on the information of the service flow (such as source / destination address or port number, etc.) to ensure that the network has sufficient resources to process the service flow.
  • the DiffServ mechanism means that the network performs scheduling of different priorities according to the information of the service flow (such as source / destination address or port number, etc.) to ensure that the network can preferentially process high-priority service flows.
  • I frame and P frame are typical coding and decoding units in H.264 image coding and decoding. I frame represents a key frame and is a complete reservation of this frame image; P frame represents the difference between this frame and the previous frame. You need to superimpose the differences defined in this frame with the previously buffered picture to generate the final picture.
  • I-frame data packet During data transmission, if the I-frame data packet is incomplete or lost, it will have a great impact on the business experience, and if the P-frame data packet is incomplete or lost, it will have a relatively small impact on the business experience. Therefore, I frames are more important than P frames.
  • the IntServ mechanism is used to guarantee the QoS of the service flow, because the I frame represents a key frame and is a complete reservation of the frame image, the resources required for the I frame data packets are relatively large, and the P frame data packets are The required resources are relatively small, so resource reservation in accordance with the resources required for I-frame data packets will waste resources; if resources are reserved in accordance with the resources required for P-frame data packets, the network may not be able to guarantee Transmission of I-frame data packets.
  • the DiffServ mechanism is used to guarantee the QoS of this service flow, because the I frame represents a key frame, the priority of the data packet of the I frame is higher than that of the P frame, so that the priority of the data packet of the I frame is There is an unfair situation in scheduling at the level. If the scheduling is performed according to the priority of the P frame data packet, the network may not be able to guarantee the transmission of the I frame data packet.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a data processing method, device, and system, so that data packets of different importance levels in the same service flow can be processed differently.
  • a data processing method includes: a first device receives a first data packet from a third device, the first data packet carrying transmission demand indication information of the first data packet, wherein The first device is any intermediate device between the source device and the target device corresponding to the first data packet, and the third device is adjacent to the first device on the transmission path from the source device to the target device The previous hop device; the first device determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet; the first device processes the first data packet according to the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet data pack.
  • the first data packet received by the first device carries the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet, so that the first device can determine the first data according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet.
  • the first data packet is processed according to the processing strategy of the first data packet. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, different processing of the data packets of different importance levels in the same service flow may be performed according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet.
  • the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet includes a bit value of the first data packet, wherein the bit value of the first data packet is information used to characterize the value of the first data packet .
  • the bit value of the first data packet may be: the sum of the bit values of all data in the first data packet, or the bit value of the data with the highest bit value in the first data packet, or a user-defined value.
  • the value of the first data packet is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first device determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet, specifically: if the bit value of the first data packet is higher than the first value Threshold, the first device determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet as: scheduling the first data packet preferentially. In other words, for the first data packet with a high bit value, the first device may schedule the data first, thereby ensuring the timeliness of transmission.
  • priority scheduling refers to inserting a received data packet into the top of a scheduling queue so that the data packet can be processed in advance, which will be collectively described here and will not be described in detail below.
  • the first device determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet, specifically: if the bit value of the first data packet is higher than the first value Threshold, the first device determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is: forwarding the first data packet to the second device, wherein the second device is one or more from the first device to the target device Among multiple transmission paths, the device with the least congestion among the next-hop devices adjacent to the first device; or the second device is a target transmission path from the first device to the target device, and is the same as the first device.
  • a next-hop device adjacent to a device is a transmission path with a minimum transmission cost among one or more transmission paths from the first device to the target device. That is, for the first data packet with a high bit value, the first device can select a better transmission path for it, thereby ensuring the reliability of the transmission.
  • the first device determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet, specifically: if the bit value of the first data packet is higher than the first value Threshold, the first device determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet as follows: after copying the first data packet to obtain a plurality of the first data packets, sending a plurality of the first data packets on multiple transmission paths; or , After copying the first data packet to obtain a plurality of the first data packets, sending the plurality of the first data packets on a plurality of transmission paths, and respectively designating each of the plurality of transmission paths to the corresponding one of the plurality of transmission paths.
  • the first packet is deduplicated by the device. In other words, for the first data packet with a high bit value, the first device may also copy the first data packet, obtain multiple first data packets, and then transmit the first data packets on multiple transmission paths to ensure that Reliability of transmission.
  • the first device determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet, specifically: if the bit value of the first data packet is lower than the second value Threshold, and device congestion on one or more transmission paths between the first device and the target device, the first device determines that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is: discard the first data packet. That is, for a first data packet with a low bit value, the first device may discard the first data packet, thereby reserving resources for other data packets.
  • the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet includes a transmission time parameter of the first data packet; wherein the transmission time parameter of the first data packet is used to characterize the aging of the first data packet sexual information.
  • the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet may include a transmission time parameter of the first data packet.
  • the transmission time parameter of the first data packet is used to indicate the remaining processing time of the first data packet.
  • the first device determines the transmission data according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet.
  • the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is specifically: if the remaining processing time of the first data packet is less than the third threshold and greater than 0, the first device determines that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is: scheduling the first One packet. That is to say, for the first data packet with little remaining processing time, the first device may perform priority scheduling, thereby ensuring the timeliness of transmission.
  • the transmission time parameter of the first data packet is used to indicate the remaining processing time of the first data packet; accordingly, the first device determines according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet.
  • the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is specifically: if the remaining processing time of the first data packet is less than a third threshold and greater than 0, the first device determines that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is:
  • the first data packet is forwarded to the second device, where the second device is congested in a next hop device adjacent to the first device on one or more transmission paths from the first device to the target device.
  • the device with the smallest degree; or, the second device is a next hop device on the target transmission path from the first device to the target device; the target transmission path is the first device.
  • the transmission time parameter of the first data packet is used to indicate the remaining processing time of the first data packet; accordingly, the first device determines the transmission data according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet.
  • the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is specifically: if the remaining processing time of the first data packet is not greater than 0 or not greater than the estimated time, the first device determines that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is: discarding the The first data packet, wherein the estimated time is determined according to the degree of congestion of each device on one or more transmission paths between the first device and the target device. That is, for the first data packet with insufficient remaining processing time, the first device may discard the first data packet, thereby reserving resources for other data packets.
  • the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet further includes deduplication information of the first data packet, wherein the deduplication information of the first data packet includes a sequence number of the first data packet
  • the deduplication information of the first data packet includes the sequence number of the first data packet and information of a device that deduplicates the first data packet.
  • the first device determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet, specifically: if the deduplication information included in the first data packet includes The device information for deduplication of the first data packet is information of the first device, and then the first device determines that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is: according to the sequence number of the first data packet, One packet is deduplicated. That is, if the first device learns that the designated deduplication device is itself, it can perform the deduplication operation according to the sequence number of the first data packet.
  • the data processing method further includes: the first device acquires information and a congestion degree of each device on one or more transmission paths between the first device and the target device; the first device establishes the first Correspondence between information and congestion of each device on one or more transmission paths between the device and the target device. Based on this solution, the first device can learn the correspondence between the information of each device and the degree of congestion on one or more transmission paths between the first device and the target device, and then in the subsequent transmission process of the first data packet, the first device The device may determine a corresponding data processing strategy according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet and in combination with the corresponding relationship.
  • the first device acquires the information and congestion degree of each device on one or more transmission paths between the first device and the target device. Specifically, the first device receives the first device from the control device. The degree of congestion of each device on one or more transmission paths between the device and the target device; or, the first device receives its own from each device on one or more transmission paths between the first device and the target device Degree of congestion. Based on this solution, the first device can obtain information and the degree of congestion of each device on one or more transmission paths between the first device and the target device.
  • a data processing method includes: a third device determines transmission demand indication information of a first data packet to be sent, wherein the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet is used in A processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is determined during the transmission of the first data packet; the third device sends the first data packet to the first device, and the first data packet carries a transmission requirement of the first data packet Instruction information, the first device is any intermediate device between the source device and the target device corresponding to the first data packet, and the third device is the first device on the transmission path from the source device to the target device. Adjacent previous hop device.
  • the first data packet sent by the third device to the first device carries the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet, and the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet is used in the first data
  • the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is determined during the packet transmission process, so that the first device can determine the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet, and then according to the first data packet
  • the processing strategy processes the first packet. Therefore, based on the data processing method provided in the embodiment of the present application, different processing may be performed for data packets of different importance levels in the same service flow according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet.
  • the third device is a source device corresponding to the first data packet; correspondingly, the third device determines transmission demand indication information of the first data packet, specifically: the source device is based on the first data packet
  • the type of data in the data packet determines the bit value of the first data packet.
  • the data type of the first data packet may be, for example, a P-frame data packet, an I-frame data packet, or an I-frame + P-frame data packet, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the source device may determine that the bit value of the first data packet is a high bit value level; or, assuming that the first data packet includes only P frames (that is, the data type of the first data packet is P Frame data packet), the source device may determine that the bit value of the first data packet is a low bit value level; or, assuming that the first data packet includes both an I frame and a P frame (that is, the data type of the first data packet is an I frame) + P frame data packet), the source device may determine that the bit value of the first data packet is a high bit value level, that is, the bit value of the data with the highest bit value in the first data packet.
  • the above-mentioned high-bit value level and the low-bit value level may also be represented by corresponding values, for example, the high-bit value level corresponds to the first value, and the low-bit value level corresponds to the second value, where the first value> the second
  • the value is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • a first device has a function of implementing the method described in the first aspect.
  • This function can be realized by hardware, and can also be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • a first device including: a processor and a memory; the memory is configured to store a computer execution instruction, and when the first device is running, the processor executes the computer execution instruction stored in the memory to The first device is caused to execute the data processing method according to any one of the first aspects.
  • a first device including: a processor; the processor is configured to be coupled to a memory, and after reading an instruction in the memory, execute the instruction according to any one of the first aspects according to the instruction.
  • a processor configured to be coupled to a memory, and after reading an instruction in the memory, execute the instruction according to any one of the first aspects according to the instruction.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, enable the computer to perform the data processing described in any one of the first aspects. method.
  • a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, enables the computer to execute the data processing method according to any one of the first aspects.
  • an apparatus for example, the apparatus may be a chip system
  • the apparatus includes a processor, and is configured to support a first device to implement the functions involved in the first aspect, for example, according to a first data packet.
  • the transmission demand indication information is used to determine a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet.
  • the device further includes a memory, and the memory is configured to store program instructions and data necessary for the first device.
  • the device is a chip system, it may be composed of a chip, or it may include a chip and other discrete devices.
  • the technical effects brought by any one of the design methods in the third aspect to the eighth aspect may refer to the technical effects brought by the different design methods in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.
  • a third device has a function of implementing the method described in the second aspect.
  • This function can be realized by hardware, and can also be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • a third device including: a processor and a memory; the memory is configured to store a computer execution instruction, and when the third device is running, the processor executes the computer execution instruction stored in the memory to The third device is caused to execute the data processing method according to any one of the second aspects.
  • a third device including: a processor; the processor is configured to be coupled to a memory and read an instruction in the memory, and then execute any one of the foregoing second aspects according to the instruction.
  • the data processing method including: a processor; the processor is configured to be coupled to a memory and read an instruction in the memory, and then execute any one of the foregoing second aspects according to the instruction.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the data described in any one of the second aspects. Approach.
  • a computer program product containing instructions which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to execute the data processing method according to any one of the above second aspects.
  • an apparatus for example, the apparatus may be a chip system
  • the apparatus includes a processor, and is configured to support a third device to implement the functions involved in the second aspect, such as determining a first Indication information of a data packet transmission requirement.
  • the device further includes a memory, which is used to store program instructions and data necessary for the third device.
  • the device is a chip system, it may be composed of a chip, or it may include a chip and other discrete devices.
  • the technical effects brought by any one of the design methods in the ninth aspect to the fourteenth aspect may refer to the technical effects brought by the different design methods in the second aspect, and are not repeated here.
  • a data transmission system includes a first device and a third device.
  • the first device is configured to execute the first aspect or the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the third device is configured to execute the steps performed by the third device in the foregoing second aspect or in a solution provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a first topology diagram of a transmission path according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a second topology diagram of a transmission path according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a third topology diagram of a transmission path according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a format of an extension header of a first data packet according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a first schematic application scenario of a processing transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a second application scenario diagram of a processing transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a third application scenario diagram of a processing transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a first device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a third device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • At least one or more of the following or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items.
  • at least one (a), a, b, or c can be expressed as: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple .
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish between the same or similar items having substantially the same functions and functions. Those skilled in the art can understand that the words “first”, “second” and the like do not limit the number and execution order, and the words “first” and “second” are not necessarily different.
  • the network architecture and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. With the evolution of the network architecture and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • the data transmission system 10 includes a source device 101, a target device 102, and one or more intermediate devices between the source device 101 and the target device 102.
  • the device 103 is, for example, an intermediate device 1031, an intermediate device 1032, an intermediate device 1033, an intermediate device 1034, ..., an intermediate device 103m, and an intermediate device 103n in FIG.
  • the following embodiments are described by using a first device and a third device as examples, where the first device is any intermediate device between the source device and the target device in the data transmission system 10 shown in FIG. 1, and the third device
  • the last hop device adjacent to the first device in the transmission path from the source device to the target device in the data transmission system 10 shown in FIG. 1 is collectively described here, and will not be described in detail below.
  • the source device of a data packet refers to a device generating the data packet
  • the target device refers to a device corresponding to a destination address to which the data packet needs to be sent.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the next hop device of a device on the transmission path from the source device to the target device usually refers to the device adjacent to the device on the transmission path from the device to the target device; the source device The last hop of a device on the transmission path to the target device usually refers to the transmission path from the source device to the target device.
  • the last device adjacent to the device can also be expressed as the transmission path from the target device to the source device.
  • the device is next to the next device. For example, in FIG. 1, if the first device is the intermediate device 1031 or the intermediate device 1032 in FIG.
  • the previous hop device adjacent to the first device on the transmission path from the source device 101 to the target device 102 may be the source device 101; or, if the first device is the intermediate device 1033 in FIG. 1, the previous hop device (the next hop device) on the transmission path from the source device 101 to the target device 102 is adjacent to the first device ( (Ie, the third device) may be the intermediate device 1031 or the intermediate device 1032; or, if the first device is the intermediate device 1034 in FIG. 1, the transmission path from the source device 101 to the target device 102 is adjacent to the first device.
  • the previous hop device (that is, the third device) may be the intermediate device 1031 or the intermediate device 1032.
  • next hop device of the source device 101 may be the intermediate device 1031 or the intermediate device 1032; the next hop device of the intermediate device 1031 may be the intermediate device 1033 and the intermediate device 1034; the next hop device of the intermediate device 1032 may be the intermediate device 1033, the intermediate device 1034, and the like, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • one or more data packets exist in a service flow, and the following uses only the first data packet as an example for description.
  • the third device is configured to determine transmission demand indication information of the first data packet to be sent, and send the first data packet to the first device, where the first data packet carries the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet.
  • a first device configured to receive a first data packet from a third device, and determine a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet, and then according to the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet, Process the first packet.
  • the source device in the embodiments of the present application may be a terminal, and the target device may be a server; or, the source device may be a server, and the target device may be a terminal, etc.
  • This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.
  • the target device in the embodiment of the present application is a device corresponding to a destination address carried in the first data packet, and is described here in a unified manner, which is not described in detail below.
  • the terminals involved in the embodiments of the present application may include various handheld devices with wireless communication functions, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem; Including subscriber unit, cellular phone, smart phone, wireless data card, personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, tablet computer, wireless modem (modem), handheld device (handheld), laptop (computer), cordless phone (wireless local phone) or wireless local loop (WLL) station, machine type communication (MTC) terminal, user equipment (user equipment) , UE), mobile station (MS), terminal device (terminal device) or relay user equipment.
  • the relay user equipment may be, for example, a 5G residential gateway (RG).
  • RG 5G residential gateway
  • the first data packet received by the first device carries the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet, so that the first device can After the transmission requirement indication information of the data packet determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet, the first data packet is processed according to the processing strategy of the first data packet. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, different processing of the data packets of different importance levels in the same service flow may be performed according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet.
  • the first device or the third device in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by one device, or may be implemented by multiple devices in common, or may be a functional module in one device.
  • This embodiment of the present application does not deal with this. Specific limitations. It can be understood that the foregoing functions may be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform).
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 200 includes a processor 201, a communication line 202, a memory 203, and one or more communication interfaces (the communication interface 204 is taken as an example for illustration in FIG. 2).
  • the processor 201 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more processors for controlling the execution of the program of the solution of the present application. integrated circuit.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the communication line 202 may include a path for transmitting information between the aforementioned components.
  • the communication interface 204 uses any device such as a transceiver to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc. .
  • RAN radio access network
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • the memory 203 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (random access memory, RAM), or other types that can store information and instructions
  • the dynamic storage device can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM-ready-only memory (EEPROM)), compact disc (read-only memory (CD-ROM)) or other optical disk storage, optical disk storage (Including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be used by a computer Any other media accessed, but not limited to this.
  • the memory may exist independently, and is connected to the processor through the communication line 202. The memory can also be integrated with the processor.
  • the memory 203 is configured to store a computer execution instruction for executing the solution of the present application, and the processor 201 controls execution.
  • the processor 201 is configured to execute computer execution instructions stored in the memory 203, so as to implement the data processing method provided in the following embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer-executable instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application program codes, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 201 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 2.
  • the communication device 200 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 201 and the processor 208 in FIG. 2. Each of these processors may be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor.
  • a processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).
  • the communication device 200 may further include an output device 205 and an input device 206.
  • the output device 205 is in communication with the processor 201 and can display information in a variety of ways.
  • the output device 205 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector. Wait.
  • the input device 206 is in communication with the processor 201 and can receive user input in a variety of ways.
  • the input device 206 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensing device.
  • the above-mentioned communication device 200 may be a general-purpose device or a special-purpose device.
  • the communication device 200 may be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, an embedded device, or a device having a similar structure in FIG. 2 device.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the communication device 200.
  • multiple network nodes in a transmission network may be divided into a certain network layer in advance according to the network layer, and numbers of all network nodes in the network layer may be defined. For example, for a mobile network, you can consider access devices, core network user plane network elements, and hosts and application servers where value-added service functions are located as network nodes in the same network layer.
  • network nodes in the network layer can establish a topological map of the complete transmission path of an IP section pair route in the network layer by:
  • Method 1 If there is a control plane network element in the network layer, such as a software-defined network (SDN) controller, the control plane network element can pass an IP segment to the corresponding transmission path through the node number.
  • the form is delivered to each network node.
  • the control plane network element can The numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 of each node on the transmission path are respectively delivered to the network node 1, the network node 2, the network node 3, and the network node 4.
  • FIG. 3 is only an example in which a corresponding transmission path is described by using an IP segment composed of a source IP address segment and a destination IP address segment.
  • the source IP address segment and the destination IP address segment may also correspond to other transmission paths.
  • For the topology establishment methods of other transmission paths reference may be made to the above-mentioned transmission path establishment methods, which will not be described one by one here.
  • all network nodes in the network layer can enable each network node to learn the path of an IP segment pair through a dynamic open shortest path first (OSPF) protocol.
  • OSPF dynamic open shortest path first
  • the nodes on the transmission path that network node 2 can learn include network node 1.
  • the network The nodes on the transmission path that node 2 can learn include network node 4 and network node 3. Therefore, through two-way learning, the network node 2 can learn and construct a transmission path topology for the IP segment pair formed by the IP address segment 1-the IP address segment 2 is the network node 1-the network node 2-the network node 3-the network node 4.
  • the network node may obtain the transmission quality of the transmission path in the following manner.
  • each network node in the network layer can report its own load to the control plane network element, and the control plane network element can load or forward resources based on the load of each network node.
  • the degree of congestion of each network node is sent to the network nodes within the network hierarchy. For example, in FIG.
  • network node 1 may report the load of network node 1 to the control plane network element
  • network node 2 may report the load of network node 2 to the control plane network element
  • network node 3 may report the load of network node 3
  • the load is reported to the control plane network element
  • the network node 4 may report the load of the network node 4 to the control plane network element.
  • the control plane network element can determine the degree of congestion of network node 1 according to the load of network node 1; can determine the degree of congestion of network node 2 according to the load of network node 2; and can determine the degree of congestion of network node 3 according to the load of network node 3. ;
  • the degree of congestion of the network node 4 can be determined according to the load of the network node 4.
  • control plane network element can send the congestion degree of network node 1, network node 2, network node 3, and network node 4 to network node 1, network node 2, network node 3, and network.
  • Node 4 so that network node 1 can obtain the degree of congestion of network node 1 on the corresponding transmission path, the degree of congestion of network node 2, the degree of congestion of network node 3, and the network
  • the congestion degree of node 4; network node 2 can obtain the congestion degree of network node 1, the congestion degree of network node 2, and the congestion degree of network node 3 on the corresponding transmission path of the IP segment consisting of the source IP address segment and the destination IP address segment.
  • network node 3 can obtain the IP segment consisting of the source IP address segment and the destination IP address segment for the congestion degree of network node 1 on the corresponding transmission path, the congestion degree of network node 2, and the The congestion degree and the congestion degree of network node 4; network node 4 can obtain the IP segment pair consisting of the source IP address segment and the destination IP address segment on the corresponding transmission path 1 network node congestion degree, the congestion degree of the network node 2, the degree of congestion degree of congestion of the network nodes 3 and 4.
  • the embodiment of the present application is only exemplary for determining the degree of congestion of each device on the transmission path shown in FIG. 3 as an example for description.
  • the source IP address segment-the destination IP address segment constitute an IP Segment pairs correspond to other transmission paths.
  • the manner of determining the congestion level of each device on the other transmission path refer to the foregoing method for determining the congestion level of each device on the transmission path shown in FIG. 3, which is not repeated here.
  • the congestion level of the devices in the embodiments of the present application can also feedback the link quality between the devices, that is, the link quality can be characterized by the congestion level of the devices, which is not described in the embodiments of the present application. Specific limitations.
  • the transmission quality of the transmission path may be determined in a manner of feedback between network nodes.
  • the network node may calculate its own degree of congestion according to information such as its own load or the occupation ratio of the forwarding resources; and the network nodes may notify each other of their own degree of congestion.
  • network nodes in this network layer can support other network nodes in the network layer to notify themselves of the degree of congestion through multicast. In this way, all other nodes in the network layer can obtain all other nodes in the network layer.
  • the degree of network node congestion For example, in FIG.
  • network node 1 may notify network node 1 of network node 1 to network node 2, network node 3, and network node 4;
  • network node 2 is determining the After the degree of congestion, network node 2, network node 3, and network node 4 can be notified of the degree of network node 2's congestion;
  • network node 3 can inform network node 1, network node 2, and network node 4 announces the degree of congestion of network node 3;
  • network node 4 may notify the degree of congestion of network node 4 to network node 1, network node 2, and network node 3.
  • network node 1 can know the degree of congestion of network node 2, network node 3, and network node 4;
  • network node 2 can know the degree of congestion of network node 1, network node 3, and network node 4;
  • network node 3 can know network node 1 ,
  • network node 4 can know the congestion levels of network node 1, network node 2, and network node 3.
  • the network nodes in this network layer can also advertise their own degree of congestion in a point-to-point manner, that is, the degree of congestion of the network node is only to the network node's neighbor network nodes (such as the next hop device adjacent to the network node or One or more of the previous hop devices adjacent to the network node) advertise, but not to other network nodes. Therefore, in this case, the network node only senses the congestion of the neighboring network nodes. For example, suppose that a mobile network node and a content delivery network (content delivery network (CDN) server node) are used as a network layer, and the IP network and the transmission network spanning it are ignored. As shown in FIG.
  • CDN content delivery network
  • mobile network node 1 (hereinafter Node 1 for short) can notify the degree of congestion of node 1 to mobile network node 2 (hereinafter referred to as node 2); node 2 can notify the degree of congestion for node 2 to node 1; node 2 can notify mobile network node 3 (for short node 3) and Mobile network node 4 (referred to as node 4) respectively announces the degree of congestion of node 2; node 3 can notify the degree of congestion of node 3 to node 2 and the CDN server; node 4 can notify the degree of congestion of node 4 to node 2 and the CDN server respectively .
  • the transmission quality of the transmission path may be determined in a manner of sampling by the network node. For example, on the basis of accurate clock synchronization for all network nodes in the network layer, each network node adds a timestamp to the header of the received data packet, and the timestamp is transmitted to other network nodes with the network node number, and other networks The node calculates the processing time of the data packet by each network node between the source device and the network node according to the timestamp, and maps the processing time to the degree of congestion of each network node.
  • all network nodes in the network layer add the time taken to process a data packet to the data packet header along with the network node number, and pass it to other network nodes.
  • Other network nodes calculate the processing time of each data node between the source device and the network node based on the occupied time, and map the processing time to the degree of congestion of each network node. This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this. .
  • each network node in the network layer establishes transmission path topology information as shown in Table 1 for an IP segment pair route (it can be understood that an IP segment pair may correspond to multiple valid transmission paths,
  • Table 1 is only an example to explain the establishment of the route 1 and the route 2 for the IP segment composed of the source IP address segment 1-the destination IP address segment 1):
  • the following uses the interaction between the first device and the third device as an example to provide a data packet processing method provided in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 6, including the following steps (it can be understood that a service flow exists in One or more data packets, the following only uses the first data packet as an example):
  • the third device determines transmission demand indication information of the first data packet to be sent, and the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet is used to determine a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet during the transmission of the first data packet.
  • the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet may include a bit value of the first data packet, and the bit value of the first data packet is information used to characterize the value of the first data packet.
  • the bit value of the first data packet may be, for example, the sum of the bit values of all data in the first data packet, or the bit value of the data with the highest bit value in the first data packet, or a user-defined characterization
  • the value of the first data packet value and the like are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the source device may determine the bit value of the first data packet to be sent according to the data type of the first data packet.
  • the data type of the data packet may be, for example, a P-frame data packet, an I-frame data packet, or an I-frame + P-frame data packet, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the source device may determine that the bit value of the first data packet is a high bit value level; or, assuming that the first data packet includes only P frames (that is, the data type of the first data packet is P Frame data packet), the source device may determine that the bit value of the first data packet is a low bit value level; or, assuming that the first data packet includes both an I frame and a P frame (that is, the data type of the first data packet is an I frame) + P frame data packet), the source device may determine that the bit value of the first data packet is a high bit value level, that is, the bit value of the data with the highest bit value in the first data packet.
  • the above-mentioned high-bit value level and the low-bit value level may also be represented by corresponding values, for example, the high-bit value level corresponds to the first value, and the low-bit value level corresponds to the second value, where the first value> the second
  • the value is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the third device is not the source device in FIG. 1 but an intermediate device in FIG. 1, the bit value of the first data packet to be sent is determined by the source device in the foregoing manner. Those sent to the third device are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet may further include a transmission time parameter of the first data packet, and the transmission time parameter of the first data packet is used to characterize the timeliness of the first data packet. Information.
  • a transmission time parameter of the first data packet may be used to indicate a remaining processing time of the first data packet, and the remaining processing time may be performed in the following manner Characterization:
  • the transmission time parameter of the first data packet may include a deadline corresponding to the first data packet.
  • Precise clock synchronization refers to synchronizing the absolute clocks of various devices so that the absolute time of each device is consistent. It is described here in a unified manner and will not be described in detail below.
  • the transmission time parameter of the first data packet may include the transmission delay requirement of the first data packet, and the process of transmitting the first data packet from the source device to the first device The time that has been occupied by each intermediate device in the system.
  • the transmission delay requirement of the first data packet, and the time that each intermediate device has occupied during the process of transmitting the first data packet from the source device to the first device may be used to indicate the remaining processing time of the first data packet.
  • the remaining processing time the transmission delay requirement of the first data packet-the sum of the time that each intermediate device has occupied in the process of transmitting the first data packet from the source device to the first device.
  • the remaining processing time of the first data packet may have other characterization manners, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the third device may also copy the first data packet, obtain multiple first data packets, and then transmit the first data on multiple transmission paths. Packets to ensure transmission reliability.
  • the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet may further include deduplication information of the first data packet, and the deduplication information of the first data packet may include a sequence number of the first data packet, or the first data packet.
  • the deduplication information of the data packet includes a sequence number of the first data packet and information of a device that deduplicates the first data packet, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the device that deduplicates the first data packet may be, for example, a device that aggregates multiple first data packets, such as the CDN server in FIG. 5, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application. .
  • the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet may include the bit value of the first data packet, the transmission time parameter of the first data packet, and the deduplication information of the first data packet.
  • Multiple pieces of information for example, the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet includes the bit value of the first data packet and the transmission time parameter of the first data packet; or the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet includes the first data packet The bit value and the deduplication information of the first data packet; or, the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet includes the transmission time parameter of the first data packet and the deduplication information of the first data packet; or
  • the transmission requirement indication information includes a bit value of the first data packet, a transmission time parameter of the first data packet, and deduplication information of the first data packet, and the like, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the third device sends a first data packet to the first device, so that the first device receives the first data packet from the third device.
  • the first data packet carries the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet.
  • the third device may encapsulate the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet into an extension header of the first data packet.
  • the extension header of the first data packet may be included in the IP extension header of the first data packet, or may be encapsulated by using a new encapsulation format, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the format of the extension header of the first data packet may be as shown in FIG. 7, including: a bit value field, a transmission delay requirement field, a sequence number field, an information field of a deduplication device, a source device and a first device. ID field of each intermediate device (such as the ID of the intermediate device 1 in FIG.
  • the ID of the intermediate device 2, ...), and the time parameter field corresponding to each intermediate device (as corresponding to the intermediate device 1 in FIG. 7) Time parameter 1, corresponding to the intermediate device 2, time parameter 2, 7), the time parameter is used to represent the time that each intermediate device has occupied during the process of transmitting the first data packet from the source device to the first device.
  • each intermediate device in FIG. 7 may be sorted according to a path order, for example, in order from farthest to farthest to the first device, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first device determines a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet.
  • Case 1 In a case where the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet includes a bit value of the first data packet:
  • the first device determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet, which may specifically be:
  • the first device determines a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet as: scheduling the first data packet preferentially;
  • the target transmission path is a transmission path with a minimum transmission cost among one or more transmission paths from the first device to the target device;
  • the first device determines a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet To: Drop the first data packet, thereby reserving resources for other data packets.
  • priority scheduling refers to inserting a received data packet into the top of a scheduling queue so that the data packet can be processed in advance, which will be collectively described here and will not be described in detail below.
  • the minimum transmission cost may be, for example, the shortest transmission path or the minimum transmission delay, etc., which are collectively described here, and are not described in detail below.
  • Case 2 In a case where the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet includes a transmission time parameter of the first data packet:
  • the transmission time parameter of the first data packet is used to indicate the remaining processing time of the first data packet; correspondingly, the first device determines the first data packet according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet.
  • the processing strategy corresponding to the data packet is as follows:
  • the first device determines that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is: scheduling the first data packet first;
  • the target transmission path is one or The transmission path with the least transmission cost among multiple transmission paths.
  • the remaining processing time of the first data packet is greater than 0.
  • the remaining processing time of the first data packet may be greater than the transmission delay from the first device to the next hop device of the first device.
  • the application example does not specifically limit this.
  • the first device determines that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is to discard the first data packet and thereby reserve for other data packets.
  • Resources where the estimated time is determined according to the degree of congestion of each device on one or more transmission paths between the first device and the target device.
  • the remaining processing time of the first data packet is not greater than 0.
  • the remaining processing time of the first data packet may not be greater than the transmission delay from the first device to the next hop device of the first device. This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.
  • the first device determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet, specifically: if the deduplication information included in the first data packet includes The information of the device where the first data packet is deduplicated is information of the first device, and then the first device determines that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is: performing deduplication processing on the first data packet according to the sequence number of the first data packet. . That is, if the first device learns that the designated deduplication device is itself, it can perform the deduplication operation according to the sequence number of the first data packet.
  • case 1 to case 3 respectively provide the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet, including the bit value of the first data packet, the transmission time parameter of the first data packet, or the deduplication information of the first data packet.
  • the corresponding processing strategy may be a combination of the processing strategies in the first case to the third case.
  • the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet includes the bit value of the first data packet and the deduplication information of the first data packet, And the bit value of the first data packet is higher than the first threshold, and the device information included in the deduplication information of the first data packet to deduplicate the first data packet is the information of the first device, the first device determines the first The corresponding processing strategy of the data packet is: according to the sequence number of the first data packet, the first data packet is deduplicated, and the first data packet is forwarded to the second device.
  • the second device is the device with the least congestion among the next hop devices adjacent to the first device on one or more transmission paths from the first device to the target device; or the second device is the first device The next hop device that is adjacent to the first device on the target transmission path from the device to the target device.
  • the first device processes the first data packet according to a processing policy corresponding to the first data packet.
  • the first data packet can be processed according to the above processing strategy, such as including deduplication, duplication, active discarding, priority scheduling, or forwarding to the next hop device of the first device.
  • the processing strategy such as including deduplication, duplication, active discarding, priority scheduling, or forwarding to the next hop device of the first device.
  • the first data packet received by the first device carries the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet, so that the first device can After the transmission requirement indication information of the data packet determines the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet, the first data packet is processed according to the processing strategy of the first data packet. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, different processing of the data packets of different importance levels in the same service flow may be performed according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet.
  • the actions of the first device or the third device in the above steps S601 to S604 may be executed by the processor 201 in the communication device 200 shown in FIG. 2 calling the application program code stored in the memory 203. This embodiment deals with this. Without any restrictions.
  • Example 1 This example mainly describes how to deal with high bit value data packets and ordinary data packets in a mobile network. Take the virtual reality (VR) service as an example, as shown in Figure 8:
  • VR virtual reality
  • the VR server sends multiple data packets to the terminal.
  • the plurality of data packets include I-frame or P-frame data. If the data packet contains I-frame data, the VR server sets the bit value in the data packet header to a high bit value, that is, the data packet is regarded as a high bit value data packet; otherwise, the data packet is processed as a normal data packet.
  • the UPF1 network element identifies the bit value in the packet header and learns that the data packet is high bit value data. Packet, and then the UPF1 network element performs priority scheduling, and encapsulates the outer envelope of the data packet in the IP header of the tunnel (such as a general packet radio system (GPRS) tunneling protocol (GPRS) tunneling protocol (GPRS) tunnel). After the bit value is set to a high bit value, the encapsulated high bit value data packet is sent to a UPF2 network element.
  • GPRS general packet radio system
  • the UPF2 network element receives the high-bit value packet, it is learned that the packet is a high-bit value packet according to the bit value in the IP header of the tunnel encapsulated in the outer layer of the packet, and the UPF2 network element performs priority scheduling.
  • an access device with a light load is selected to send the high bit value data packet.
  • the UPF2 network element may select an access device in the following manner: For example, a session management function (session management function (SMF) network element may select a high bit value access device according to the load of the access device, and select the access device).
  • SMF session management function
  • the information of the access device is notified to the UPF network element; or, the access device may feed back its load to the UPF2 network element, and the UPF2 network element selects the access device by itself, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application. Assuming that the load of the access device 1 in FIG. 8 is smaller than the load of the access device 2, the UPF2 network element can send the high-bit value data packet through the access device 1 and the ordinary data packet through the access device 2.
  • different scheduling and different QoS parameters can be performed according to the bit value in the packet header to ensure the priority scheduling of high-bit value packets.
  • high-bit value data packet burst protection mechanism in the existing 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) mechanism, which will not be repeated here.
  • Example 2 This example mainly describes how to implement logical slice isolation for high-bit value data packets in a shared network scenario. Among them, different slices carry data packets of different bit values.
  • the application server sends multiple data packets to the terminal.
  • the plurality of data packets include I-frame or P-frame data. If the data packet contains I-frame data, the application server sets the bit value in the data packet header to a high bit value, that is, the data packet is regarded as a high bit value data packet; otherwise, the data packet is processed as a normal data packet.
  • the UPF1 network element recognizes the bit value in the packet header and learns that the packet is a high-bit value packet, and then the UPF1 network element performs priority scheduling.
  • the encapsulated high bit value data packet is sent to a UPF3 network element according to a forwarding policy.
  • the UPF1 network element receives the common data packet sent by the application server, it can encapsulate the common data packet and send it to the UPF2 network element according to the forwarding policy.
  • the forwarding policy on the UPF network element 1 may be issued by the SMF network element, for example, or may be determined by the UPF1 network element according to the degree of congestion fed back by the UPF2 network element and the UPF3 network element. Specific limitations.
  • the UPF3 network element After the UPF3 network element receives the high-bit value packet, it knows that the packet is a high-bit value packet according to the bit value in the IP header of the tunnel encapsulated in the outer layer of the packet, and the UPF3 network element performs priority scheduling and After setting the bit value in the IP header of the tunnel (such as a GTP tunnel) encapsulated in the outer layer of the data packet to a high bit value, an access device with a light load is selected to send the high bit value data packet.
  • the selection method of the access device reference may be made to the foregoing Example 1, and details are not described herein again. Assuming that the load of the access device 2 in FIG.
  • the UPF3 network element may send the high-bit value data packet through the access device 2.
  • the access device 2 can perform high priority scheduling and adopt special QoS parameter guarantee according to the bit value in the packet header. For details, refer to the "high bit value data" in the existing 3GPP mechanism. The packet adopts burst protection mechanism ", which will not be repeated here. Further, the access device 2 can send the high-bit value data packet to the terminal.
  • the UPF2 network element may send the ordinary data packet to the terminal according to the existing mechanism. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the UPF2 network element may send the ordinary data packet through the access device 1. To the terminal.
  • the terminal can encapsulate the bit value of the data packet in the header of the data packet, and then the terminal can select the access device 2 with good channel quality according to air interface measurement parameters and the like to send the high bit value data packet.
  • the access device 2 After the access device 2 receives the high-bit value data packet, it can know that the data packet is a high-bit value packet according to the bit value in the header of the data packet, and then the access device 2 can outer layer the data packet.
  • the bit value in the IP header of the encapsulated tunnel (such as a GTP tunnel) is set to a high bit value, and the encapsulated high bit value data packet is sent to the UPF3 network element.
  • an UPF3 network element After an UPF3 network element receives a high-bit value packet, it knows that the packet is a high-bit value packet according to the bit value in the IP header of the tunnel encapsulated in the outer layer of the packet, and the UPF3 network element implements a high priority guarantee, such as Priority scheduling. For details, please refer to the "burst guarantee mechanism for data packets with high bit value" in the existing 3GPP mechanism, which will not be repeated here.
  • the above example 1 and example 2 are mainly directed to the mobile network, so the load of the access device is an important factor to consider.
  • the access device will notify the control plane (such as the SMF network element) of its own load. Therefore, the implementation of the network node (such as the UPF network element) is relatively simplified, and different forwarding strategies can be implemented according to the instructions of the SMF, as in the above example
  • the SMF network element can select and process the high-bit value access device according to the load of the access device, and notify the UPF network element of the information of the selected access device, and the UPF network element can send the high-value to the access device.
  • the bit value data packet is uniformly described here, and will not be described in detail below.
  • Example 3 Compared with wireless networks, in the scenarios of corporate networks and fixed networks, the lack of control plane participation requires network nodes to actively participate in learning the network topology and sense the load changes of each network node.
  • BNG broadband network gateway
  • router 1 Router1, R1
  • router 2 Router2, R2
  • router 3 Router3, R3
  • router 4 Router4, R4
  • each network node can obtain the degree of congestion of each network node through the above-mentioned transmission network introduction part of multicast, neighbor node notification or sampling, then The following describes the operations of each device on the transmission path topology:
  • the server or the terminal may encapsulate one or more of a bit value of the data packet, a transmission time parameter of the data packet, or deduplication information of the data packet in a data packet header according to a format.
  • the router between the server and the terminal can update the data packet transmission time parameters or data packet deduplication information in the data packet header along the way.
  • the router between the BNG, the server and the terminal can perform priority scheduling or select multiple concurrent routes based on the bit value of the data packet, and perform delay-sensitive service flow Timeliness check. If timeliness fails, choose to drop the packet.
  • the first device or the third device includes a hardware structure and / or a software module corresponding to each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is performed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application of the technical solution and design constraints. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.
  • the first device or the third device may be divided into functional modules according to the foregoing method example.
  • each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above integrated modules may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of the modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be another division manner.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first device 110.
  • the first device 110 includes a transceiver module 1102 and a processing module 1101.
  • the transceiver module 1102 is configured to receive a first data packet from a third device, where the first data packet carries transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet, where the first device 110 is a source device and a target corresponding to the first data packet Any intermediate device between the devices, the third device is a previous hop device adjacent to the first device 110 on the transmission path from the source device to the target device; the processing module 1101 is configured to transmit the first data packet according to the transmission requirements
  • the instruction information determines a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet, and processes the first data packet according to the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet.
  • the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet includes a bit value of the first data packet, where the bit value of the first data packet is information used to characterize the value of the first data packet.
  • the bit value of the first data packet may be: the sum of the bit values of all data in the first data packet, or the bit value of the data with the highest bit value in the first data packet, or a user-defined The value of a packet value.
  • the processing module 1101 is configured to determine a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet, specifically: if the bit value of the first data packet is Above the first threshold, it is determined that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is: scheduling the first data packet first.
  • the processing module 1101 is configured to determine a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet, specifically: if the bit value of the first data packet is high Based on the first threshold, the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is determined as follows: the first data packet is forwarded to the second device, wherein the second device is on one or more transmission paths from the first device 110 to the target device; The device with the least congestion among the next hop devices adjacent to the first device 110; or the second device is the next device adjacent to the first device 110 on the target transmission path from the first device 110 to the target device Hop device; the target transmission path is the transmission path with the least transmission cost among one or more transmission paths from the first device 110 to the target device.
  • the processing module 1101 is configured to determine a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet, specifically: if the bit value of the first data packet is high Based on the first threshold, it is determined that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is: copying the first data packet, obtaining multiple first data packets, and sending multiple first data packets on multiple transmission paths; or, copying the first data packet A data packet, after obtaining a plurality of first data packets, sending multiple first data packets on multiple transmission paths, and respectively designating a device for deduplicating the first data packet on each of the multiple transmission paths .
  • the processing module 1101 is configured to determine a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet, specifically: if the bit value of the first data packet is low Based on the second threshold and device congestion on one or more transmission paths between the first device 110 and the target device, it is determined that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is: discard the first data packet.
  • the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet includes a transmission time parameter of the first data packet; wherein the transmission time parameter of the first data packet is information used to characterize the timeliness of the first data packet.
  • the transmission time parameter of the first data packet is used to indicate the remaining processing time of the first data packet.
  • the transmission time parameter of the first data packet is used to indicate the remaining processing time of the first data packet; correspondingly, the processing module 1101 is configured to determine according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet.
  • the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is specifically: for determining that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is: if the remaining processing time of the first data packet is less than the third threshold and greater than 0, the first data packet is forwarded to A second device, where the second device is the device with the least congestion among the next hop devices adjacent to the first device 110 on one or more transmission paths from the first device 110 to the target device; or The device is the next hop device on the target transmission path from the first device 110 to the target device; the target transmission path is one or more transmission paths from the first device 110 to the target device.
  • the least expensive transmission path is specifically: for determining that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is: if the remaining processing time of the first data packet is less than the third threshold and greater than 0, the first data packet is forwarded to A second device, where
  • the transmission time parameter of the first data packet is used to indicate the remaining processing time of the first data packet; correspondingly, the processing module 1101 is configured to determine according to the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet.
  • the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is specifically: for determining that the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is to discard the first data packet if the remaining processing time of the first data packet is not greater than 0 or not more than the estimated time.
  • the estimated time is determined according to the degree of congestion of each device on one or more transmission paths between the first device 110 and the target device.
  • the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet further includes deduplication information of the first data packet, where the deduplication information of the first data packet includes a sequence number of the first data packet, or a deduplication of the first data packet.
  • the duplicate information includes a sequence number of the first data packet and information of a device that deduplicates the first data packet.
  • the processing module 1101 is configured to determine a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet according to the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet, specifically: The device information included in the information for deduplication of the first data packet is the information of the first device 110, and then the processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is determined: the first data packet is processed according to the sequence number of the first data packet. Duplicate processing.
  • the processing module 1101 is further configured to obtain information and congestion of each device on one or more transmission paths between the first device 110 and the target device; the processing module 1101 is further configured to establish the first device 110 and Correspondence between information and congestion of each device on one or more transmission paths between target devices.
  • the processing module 1101 is configured to obtain information and a congestion degree of each device on one or more transmission paths between the first device 110 and the target device, and is specifically configured to receive the first device 110 and The degree of congestion of each device on one or more transmission paths between the target devices; or for receiving the own degree of congestion of each device on the one or more transmission paths between the first device 110 and the target device.
  • the first device 110 is presented in the form of dividing each functional module in an integrated manner.
  • the "module” herein may refer to a specific ASIC, a circuit, a processor and a memory executing one or more software or firmware programs, an integrated logic circuit, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.
  • the first device 110 may take the form shown in FIG. 2.
  • the processor 201 in FIG. 2 may cause a first device 110 to execute the data processing method in the foregoing method embodiment by calling a computer execution instruction stored in the memory 203.
  • the function / implementation process of the transceiver module 1102 and the processing module 1101 in FIG. 11 may be implemented by the processor 201 in FIG. 2 calling a computer execution instruction stored in the memory 203.
  • the function / implementation process of the processing module 1101 in FIG. 11 may be implemented by the processor 201 in FIG. 2 calling a computer execution instruction stored in the memory 203, and the function / implementation process of the transceiver module 1102 in FIG. 11 may be performed through the graph.
  • the communication interface 204 in 2 is implemented.
  • the first device provided in this embodiment can execute the foregoing data processing method, the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not described herein again.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a device (for example, the device may be a chip system), and the device includes a processor, and is configured to support a first device to implement the foregoing data processing method, for example, according to a first data packet.
  • the transmission demand indication information is used to determine a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet.
  • the device further includes a memory.
  • the memory is used to store program instructions and data necessary for the first device. Of course, the memory may not be in the device.
  • the device is a chip system, the device may be composed of a chip, and may also include a chip and other discrete devices, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of a third device 120.
  • the third device 120 includes: a processing module 1201 and a transceiver module 1202; and a processing module 1201, configured to determine transmission demand indication information of a first data packet to be sent, where the transmission demand indication information of the first data packet is used in A processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet is determined during a data packet transmission process; the transceiver module 1202 is configured to send the first data packet to the first device, where the first data packet carries the transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet,
  • the first device is any intermediate device between the source device and the target device corresponding to the first data packet, and the third device is a previous-hop device adjacent to the first device in the transmission path from the source device to the target device.
  • the third device is a source device corresponding to the first data packet.
  • the processing module 1201 is configured to determine transmission requirement indication information of the first data packet, and is specifically configured to: according to the data type in the first data packet To determine the bit value of the first data packet.
  • the third device 120 is presented in the form of dividing each functional module in an integrated manner.
  • the "module” herein may refer to a specific ASIC, a circuit, a processor and a memory executing one or more software or firmware programs, an integrated logic circuit, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.
  • the third device 120 may take the form shown in FIG. 2.
  • the processor 201 in FIG. 2 may cause a third device 120 to execute the data processing method in the foregoing method embodiment by calling a computer execution instruction stored in the memory 203.
  • the function / implementation process of the transceiver module 1202 and the processing module 1201 in FIG. 12 may be implemented by the processor 201 in FIG. 2 calling a computer execution instruction stored in the memory 203.
  • the function / implementation process of the processing module 1201 in FIG. 12 may be implemented by the processor 201 in FIG. 2 calling a computer execution instruction stored in the memory 203, and the function / implementation process of the transceiver module 1202 in FIG. 12 may be performed through the graph.
  • the communication interface 204 in 2 is implemented.
  • the third device provided in this embodiment can execute the foregoing data processing method, the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not described herein again.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus (for example, the apparatus may be a chip system), and the apparatus includes a processor, which is configured to support a third device to implement the foregoing data processing method, for example, according to the first data packet.
  • the transmission demand indication information is used to determine a processing strategy corresponding to the first data packet.
  • the device further includes a memory. This memory is used to store program instructions and data necessary for the third device. Of course, the memory may not be in the device.
  • the device is a chip system, the device may be composed of a chip, and may also include a chip and other discrete devices, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be from a website site, a computer, a server, or a data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device including one or more servers, data centers, and the like that can be integrated with the medium.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)).

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供数据处理方法、设备及系统，使得能够对同一条业务流中不同重要程度的数据包进行不同处理。该数据处理方法包括：第一设备接收来自第三设备的第一数据包，该第一数据包携带该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，其中，该第一设备为该第一数据包对应的源设备和目标设备之间的任一中间设备，该第三设备为由该源设备到该目标设备的传输路径上与该第一设备相邻的上一跳设备；第一设备根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略；第一设备根据该第一数据包对应的处理策略，处理该第一数据包。

Description

数据处理方法、设备及系统
本申请要求于2018年8月1日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201810864192.9、发明名称为“数据处理方法、设备及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及数据处理方法、设备及系统。
背景技术
在数据传输过程中，当前网络中常用的服务质量(quality of service，QoS)保障机制包括IntServ机制和DiffServ机制两种：
IntServ机制是指网络根据业务流的信息(如源/目的地址或端口号等)执行资源预留，保障网络有足够的资源能够处理该业务流。DiffServ机制是指网络根据业务流的信息(如源/目的地址或端口号等)执行不同优先级的调度，保障网络能优先处理高优先级的业务流。
然而，IntServ机制和DiffServ机制都仅能对不同的业务流进行不同的QoS保障，无法体现对同一条业务流中不同重要程度的数据包的不同处理。而目前，同一条业务流中可能包括不同重要程度的数据包。比如，某一条业务流中可能同时包括I帧的数据包和P帧的数据包。其中，I帧和P帧是典型的H.264图像编解码中的编解码单元，I帧表示关键帧，是这帧图像的完整保留；P帧代表该帧与前一个帧的差别，解码时需要用之前缓存的画面叠加上本帧定义的差别，生成最终画面。在数据传输过程中，I帧的数据包如果不完整或丢失，将对业务体验产生非常大的影响，而P帧的数据包如果不完整或丢失，将对业务体验产生的影响相对较小。因此，I帧重要程度比P帧要高。
此时，若采用IntServ机制对该业务流进行QoS保障，由于I帧表示关键帧，是这帧图像的完整保留，因此I帧的数据包所需的资源相对较大，P帧的数据包所需的资源相对较小，从而按照I帧的数据包所需要的资源进行资源预留存会存在资源浪费的情况；按照P帧的数据包所需要的资源进行资源预留，则网络可能无法保障I帧的数据包的传输。若采用DiffServ机制对该业务流进行QoS保障，由于I帧表示关键帧，因此I帧的数据包的优先级相对于P帧的数据包的优先级较高，从而按照I帧的数据包的优先级进行调度会存在不公平的情况，按照P帧的数据包的优先级进行调度，则网络可能无法保障I帧的数据包的传输。
综上，如何优化当前网络中的QoS保障机制，使得能够对同一条业务流中不同重要程度的数据包进行不同处理，是目前亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供数据处理方法、设备及系统，使得能够对同一条业务流中不同重要程度的数据包进行不同处理。
为达到上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供了一种数据处理方法，该数据处理方法包括：第一设备接收来自第三设备的第一数据包，该第一数据包携带该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，其中，该第一设备 为该第一数据包对应的源设备和目标设备之间的任一中间设备，该第三设备为由该源设备到该目标设备的传输路径上与该第一设备相邻的上一跳设备；第一设备根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略；第一设备根据该第一数据包对应的处理策略，处理该第一数据包。由于在数据传输的过程中，第一设备接收到的第一数据包中携带第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，使得第一设备可以根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息确定第一数据包对应的处理策略之后，根据该第一数据包的处理策略处理第一数据包。因此，本申请实施例中，对同一条业务流中不同重要程度的数据包，根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，可以进行不同的处理。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括该第一数据包的比特价值，其中，该第一数据包的比特价值为用于表征该第一数据包价值的信息。
示例性的，该第一数据包的比特价值可以为：该第一数据包中所有数据的比特价值之和，或者该第一数据包中比特价值最高的数据的比特价值，或者自定义的用于表征该第一数据包价值的数值等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一设备根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：若该第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则第一设备确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略为：优先调度该第一数据包。也就是说，对于高比特价值的第一数据包，第一设备可以为优先调度，从而保证传输的及时性。其中，本申请实施例中，优先调度是指对接收到的数据包插入调度队列的最前面，以使得可以提前处理该数据包，在此统一说明，以下不再赘述。
在一种可能的设计中，第一设备根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：若该第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则第一设备确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略为：将该第一数据包转发至该第二设备，其中，该第二设备为由该第一设备到该目标设备的一条或多条传输路径上，与该第一设备相邻的下一跳设备中拥塞程度最小的设备；或者，该第二设备为由该第一设备到该目标设备的目标传输路径上，与该第一设备相邻的下一跳设备；该目标传输路径为由该第一设备到该目标设备的一条或多条传输路径中传输代价最小的传输路径。也就是说，对于高比特价值的第一数据包，第一设备可以为其选择较优的传输路径，从而保证传输的可靠性。
在一种可能的设计中，第一设备根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：若该第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则第一设备确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略为：复制该第一数据包，得到多个该第一数据包之后，在多条传输路径发送多个该第一数据包；或者，复制该第一数据包，得到多个该第一数据包之后，在多条传输路径上发送多个该第一数据包，并且分别指定该多条传输路径中的每条传输路径上对该第一数据包进行去重的设备。也就是说，对于高比特价值的第一数据包，第一设备还可能复制第一数据包，得到多个第一数据包之后，在多个传输路径上传输第一数据包，以此来保障传输的可靠性。
在一种可能的设计中，第一设备根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：若该第一数据包的比特价值低于第二阈值，且第一设备和该目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上的设备拥塞，则第一设备确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略为：丢弃该第一数据包。也就是说，对于低比特价值的第一数据包，第一设备可以丢弃该第一数据包，从而为其他的数据包预留资源。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括该第一数据包的传输时间参数；其中，该第一数据包的传输时间参数为用于表征该第一数据包时效性的信息。比如，对于时延敏感业务的第一数据包，该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息可以包括该第一数据包的传输时间参数。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示该第一数据包的剩余处理时间，相应的，第一设备根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：若该第一数据包的剩余处理时间小于第三阈值并且大于0，则第一设备确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略为：优先调度该第一数据包。也就是说，对于剩余处理时间不多的第一数据包，第一设备可以为优先调度，从而保证传输的及时性。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示该第一数据包的剩余处理时间；相应的，该第一设备根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：若该第一数据包的剩余处理时间小于第三阈值并且大于0，则该第一设备确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略为：将该第一数据包转发至该第二设备，其中，该第二设备为由该第一设备到该目标设备的一条或多条传输路径上，与该第一设备相邻的下一跳设备中拥塞程度最小的设备；或者，该第二设备为由该第一设备到该目标设备的目标传输路径上，与该第一设备相邻的下一跳设备；该目标传输路径为由该第一设备到该目标设备的一条或多条传输路径中传输代价最小的传输路径。也就是说，对于剩余处理时间不多的第一数据包，第一设备可以为其选择较优的传输路径，从而保证传输的可靠性。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示该第一数据包的剩余处理时间；相应的，第一设备根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：若该第一数据包的剩余处理时间不大于0或者不大于预估时间，则第一设备确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略为：丢弃该第一数据包，其中，该预估时间是根据该第一设备和该目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的拥塞程度确定的。也就是说，对于剩余处理时间不足的第一数据包，第一设备可以丢弃该第一数据包，从而为其他的数据包预留资源。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息还包括该第一数据包的去重信息，其中，该第一数据包的去重信息包括该第一数据包的序列号，或者该第一数据包的去重信息包括该第一数据包的序列号和对该第一数据包进行去重的设备的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，第一设备根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：若该第一数据包的去重信息中包括的对该第一数据包进行去重的设备信息为该第一设备的信息，则该第一设备确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略为：根据该第一数据包的序列号，对该第一数据包进行去重处理。也就是说，若第一设备获知指定的去重设备为自己，则可以按照第一数据包的序列号执行去重操作。
在一种可能的设计中，该数据处理方法还包括：第一设备获取第一设备和该目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度；第一设备建立第一设备和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度的对应关系。基于该方案，第一设备可以获知第一设备和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度的对应关系，进而在后续第一数据包的传输过程中，第一设备可以根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，结合该对应关系，确定对应的数据处理策略。
在一种可能的设计中，第一设备获取第一设备和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上 各设备的信息和拥塞程度，具体为：第一设备接收来自控制设备的该第一设备和该目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的拥塞程度；或者，第一设备接收来自该第一设备和该目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的自己的拥塞程度。基于该方案，第一设备可以获取第一设备和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度。
第二方面，提供了一种数据处理方法，该数据处理方法包括：第三设备确定待发送的第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，其中，该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息用于在该第一数据包的传输过程中确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略；第三设备向第一设备发送该第一数据包，其中，该第一数据包携带该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，该第一设备为该第一数据包对应的源设备和目标设备之间的任一中间设备，该第三设备为由该源设备到该目标设备的传输路径上与该第一设备相邻的上一跳设备。由于在数据传输的过程中，第三设备向第一设备发送的第一数据包携带该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息用于在该第一数据包的传输过程中确定该第一数据包对应的处理策略，使得第一设备可以在根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息确定第一数据包对应的处理策略之后，根据该第一数据包的处理策略处理第一数据包。因此，基于本申请实施例提供的数据处理方法，对同一条业务流中不同重要程度的数据包，根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，可以进行不同的处理。
在一种可能的设计中，该第三设备为该第一数据包对应的源设备；相应的，第三设备确定该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，具体为：源设备根据该第一数据包中的数据类型，确定该第一数据包的比特价值。该第一数据包的数据类型例如可以是P帧数据包、I帧数据包、或者I帧+P帧数据包等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
示例性的，假设预先定义的数据包的比特价值可以划分为两个等级，分别为高比特价值等级和低比特价值等级，则若第一数据包中仅包括I帧(即第一数据包的数据类型为I帧数据包)，则源设备可以确定第一数据包的比特价值为高比特价值等级；或者，假设第一数据包中仅包括P帧(即第一数据包的数据类型为P帧数据包)，则源设备可以确定第一数据包的比特价值为低比特价值等级；或者，假设第一数据包中同时包括I帧和P帧(即第一数据包的数据类型为I帧+P帧数据包)，则源设备可以确定第一数据包的比特价值为高比特价值等级，即第一数据包中比特价值最高的数据的比特价值。当然，上述高比特价值等级和低比特价值等级也可以分别用对应的数值进行表征，比如，高比特价值等级对应第一数值，低比特价值等级对应第二数值，其中，第一数值＞第二数值，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
第三方面，提供了一种第一设备，该第一设备具有实现上述第一方面所述的方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第四方面，提供了一种第一设备，包括：处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当该第一设备运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该第一设备执行如上述第一方面中任一项所述的数据处理方法。
第五方面，提供了一种第一设备，包括：处理器；所述处理器用于与存储器耦合，并读取存储器中的指令之后，根据所述指令执行如上述第一方面中任一项所述的数据处理方法。
第六方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第一方面中任一项所述的数据处理方法。
第七方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算 机可以执行上述第一方面中任一项所述的数据处理方法。
第八方面，提供了一种装置(例如，该装置可以是芯片系统)，该装置包括处理器，用于支持第一设备实现上述第一方面中所涉及的功能，例如根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略。在一种可能的设计中，该装置还包括存储器，该存储器，用于保存第一设备必要的程序指令和数据。该装置是芯片系统时，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
其中，第三方面至第八方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见第一方面中不同设计方式所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第九方面，提供了一种第三设备，该第三设备具有实现上述第二方面所述的方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第十方面，提供了一种第三设备，包括：处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当该第三设备运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该第三设备执行如上述第二方面中任一项所述的数据处理方法。
第十一方面，提供了一种第三设备，包括：处理器；所述处理器用于与存储器耦合，并读取存储器中的指令之后，根据所述指令执行如上述第二方面中任一项所述的数据处理方法。
第十二方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第二方面中任一项所述的数据处理方法。
第十三方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第二方面中任一项所述的数据处理方法。
第十四方面，提供了一种装置(例如，该装置可以是芯片系统)，该装置包括处理器，用于支持第三设备实现上述第二方面中所涉及的功能，例如确定待发送的第一数据包的传输需求指示信息。在一种可能的设计中，该装置还包括存储器，该存储器，用于保存第三设备必要的程序指令和数据。该装置是芯片系统时，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
其中，第九方面至第十四方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见第二方面中不同设计方式所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十五方面，提供了一种数据传输系统，该数据传输系统包括第一设备和第三设备，该第一设备用于执行上述第一方面中或者本申请实施例提供的方案中由第一设备执行的步骤。该第三设备用于执行上述第二方面中或者本申请实施例提供的方案中由第三设备执行的步骤。
本申请的这些方面或其他方面在以下实施例的描述中会更加简明易懂。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输系统的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备的硬件结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的传输路径的拓扑图一；
图4为本申请实施例提供的传输路径的拓扑图二；
图5为本申请实施例提供的传输路径的拓扑图三；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输方法流程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的第一数据包的扩展头的格式示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的处理传输方法应用场景示意图一；
图9为本申请实施例提供的处理传输方法应用场景示意图二；
图10为本申请实施例提供的处理传输方法应用场景示意图三；
图11为本申请实施例提供的第一设备的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的第三设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。其中，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示前后关联的对象是一种“或”的关系，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；本申请中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。并且，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
此外，本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
如图1所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输系统10，该数据传输系统10包括源设备101、目标设备102、以及源设备101和目标设备102之间的一个或多个中间设备103，如图1中的中间设备1031、中间设备1032、中间设备1033、中间设备1034、……、中间设备103m和中间设备103n等。以下各实施例以第一设备和第三设备为例进行说明，其中，第一设备为图1所示的数据传输系统10中的源设备和目标设备之间的任一中间设备，第三设备为由图1所示的数据传输系统10中的源设备到目标设备的传输路径上与第一设备相邻的上一跳设备，在此统一说明，以下不再赘述。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，数据包的源设备是指产生该数据包的设备，目标设备是指该数据包需要发送到的目的地址所对应的设备。对于一个互联网协议(internet protocol，IP)数据包而言，一个设备生成数据包后，数据包的源IP地址指示了数据包的源设备，数据包的目的地址指示了数据包的目的设备。由于传输路径是有传输方向的，因此源设备到目标设备的传输路径上某个设备的下一跳设备通常指由该设备到目标设备的传输路径上，与该设备相邻的设备；源设备到目标设备的传输路径上某个设备的上一跳通常指由源设备到目标设备的传输路径上，与该设备相邻的上一个设备，也可以表述为由目标设备到源设备的传输路径上，该设备相邻的下一个设备。比如，在图1中，若第一设备为图1中的中间设备1031或中间设备1032，则由源设备101到目标设备102的传输路径上与第一设备相邻的上一跳设备(即第三设备)可以为源设备101；或者，若第一设备为图1中的中间设备1033， 则由源设备101到目标设备102的传输路径上与第一设备相邻的上一跳设备(即第三设备)可以为中间设备1031或中间设备1032；或者，若第一设备为图1中的中间设备1034，则由源设备101到目标设备102的传输路径上与第一设备相邻的上一跳设备(即第三设备)可以为中间设备1031或中间设备1032。换言之，源设备101的下一跳设备可以为中间设备1031或中间设备1032；中间设备1031的下一跳设备可以为中间设备1033和中间设备1034；中间设备1032的下一跳设备可以为中间设备1033和中间设备1034，等等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
此外，可以理解，一个业务流中存在着一个或多个数据包，以下仅以第一数据包为例进行说明。
其中，第三设备，用于确定待发送的第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，并向第一设备发送第一数据包，其中，该第一数据包携带第一数据包的传输需求指示信息。
第一设备，用于接收来自第三设备的第一数据包，并根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略之后，根据第一数据包对应的处理策略，处理第一数据包。
可选的，本申请实施例中的源设备可以为终端，目标设备可以为服务器；或者，源设备可以为服务器，目标设备可以为终端，等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。其中，本申请实施例中的目标设备为第一数据包中携带的目的地址对应的设备，在此统一说明，以下不再赘述。
可选的，本申请实施例中所涉及到的终端(terminal)可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备；还可以包括用户单元(subscriber unit)、蜂窝电话(cellular phone)、智能电话(smart phone)、无线数据卡、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)电脑、平板型电脑、无线调制解调器(modem)、手持设备(handheld)、膝上型电脑(laptop computer)、无绳电话(cordless phone)或者无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)台、机器类型通信(machine type communication,MTC)终端、用户设备(user equipment，UE)，移动台(mobile station，MS)，终端设备(terminal device)或者中继用户设备等。其中，中继用户设备例如可以是5G家庭网关(residential gateway，RG)。为方便描述，本申请中，上面提到的设备统称为终端。
基于本申请实施例提供的数据传输系统，由于在数据传输的过程中，第一设备接收到的第一数据包中携带第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，使得第一设备可以根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息确定第一数据包对应的处理策略之后，根据该第一数据包的处理策略处理第一数据包。因此，本申请实施例中，对同一条业务流中不同重要程度的数据包，根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，可以进行不同的处理。
可选的，本申请实施例中的第一设备或第三设备可以由一个设备实现，也可以由多个设备共同实现，还可以是一个设备内的一个功能模块，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。可以理解的是，上述功能既可以是硬件设备中的网络元件，也可以是在专用硬件上运行的软件功能，或者是平台(例如，云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能。
例如，本申请实施例中的第一设备或第三设备可以通过图2中的通信设备来实现。图2所示为本申请实施例提供的通信设备的硬件结构示意图。该通信设备200包括处理器201，通信线路202，存储器203以及一个或多个通信接口(图2中以通信接口204为例进行说明)。
处理器201可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信线路202可包括一通路，在上述组件之间传送信息。
通信接口204，使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。
存储器203可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器可以是独立存在，通过通信线路202与处理器相连接。存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
其中，存储器203用于存储执行本申请方案的计算机执行指令，并由处理器201来控制执行。处理器201用于执行存储器203中存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现本申请下述实施例提供的数据处理方法。
可选的，本申请实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器201可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图2中的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信设备200可以包括多个处理器，例如图2中的处理器201和处理器208。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-CPU)处理器。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信设备200还可以包括输出设备205和输入设备206。输出设备205和处理器201通信，可以以多种方式来显示信息。例如，输出设备205可以是液晶显示器(liquid crystal display，LCD)，发光二级管(light emitting diode，LED)显示设备，阴极射线管(cathode ray tube，CRT)显示设备，或投影仪(projector)等。输入设备206和处理器201通信，可以以多种方式接收用户的输入。例如，输入设备206可以是鼠标、键盘、触摸屏设备或传感设备等。
上述的通信设备200可以是一个通用设备或者是一个专用设备。在具体实现中，通信设备200可以是台式机、便携式电脑、网络服务器、掌上电脑(personal digital assistant，PDA)、移动手机、平板电脑、无线终端设备、嵌入式设备或有图2中类似结构的设备。本申请实施例不限定通信设备200的类型。
下面将结合图1和图2对本申请实施例提供的数据处理方法进行具体阐述。
首先给出本申请下述实施例中涉及到的传输网络的相关介绍如下：
本申请实施例中，可以按照网络层次预先把传输网络中的多个网络节点划分到某个网络层次中，并对该网络层次内的所有网络节点定义编号。例如，对于移动网络，可以将接入设 备、核心网用户面网元、增值业务功能所在的主机(host)和应用服务器等看作同一个网络层次中的网络节点。
目前，网络层次中的网络节点可以通过如下方式建立某IP段对(section pair)路由在该网络层次内完整的传输路径的拓扑图：
方式一，若该网络层次内存在控制面网元，如软件自定义网络(software-defined networking，SDN)控制器，则该控制面网元可以将某IP段对对应的传输路径通过节点编号的形式下发到各个网络节点上。比如，如图3所示，假设源IP地址段-目标IP地址段构成的IP段对对应的传输路径为网络节点1—网络节点2—网络节点3—网络节点4，则控制面网元可以将该传输路径上各个节点的编号1、2、3和4分别下发给网络节点1、网络节点2、网络节点3和网络节点4。
需要说明的是，图3仅是示例性的以源IP地址段-目标IP地址段构成的IP段对对应的其中一条传输路径为例进行说明，当然，该源IP地址段-目标IP地址段构成的IP段对还可能对应其它传输路径，其它传输路径的拓扑建立方式可参考上述传输路径的建立方式，在此不再一一赘述。
方式二，该网络层次内的所有网络节点可以通过动态的开放式最短路径优先(open shortest path first，OSPF)协议使得各个网络节点学习到某IP段对的路径。比如，如图4所示，若源IP地址段为IP地址段1，则网络节点2可以学习到的传输路径上的节点包括网络节点1；若源IP地址段为IP地址段2，则网络节点2可以学习到的传输路径上的节点包括网络节点4和网络节点3。因此，通过双向学习，网络节点2能够学习并构建针对于IP地址段1-IP地址段2构成的IP段对的传输路径拓扑是网络节点1-网络节点2-网络节点3-网络节点4。
其中，上述仅是简单示出了目前建立某IP段对路由在该网络层次内完整的传输路径的拓扑图的相关实现，具体描述可参考现有的实现方式，在此不予赘述。
可选的，本申请实施例中，在网络层次中的网络节点建立某IP段对路由在该网络层次内完整的传输路径的拓扑图之后，网络节点可以根据如下方式获得传输路径的传输质量。
示例性的，对于上述方式一，若存在控制面网元，则网络层次内的各个网络节点可将自身的负荷上报控制面网元，由控制面网元根据各个网络节点的负荷或者转发资源的占用比例等信息计算出各个网络节点的拥塞程度之后，将各个网络节点的拥塞程度发送给网络层次内的网络节点。比如，在图3中，网络节点1可以将网络节点1的负荷上报给控制面网元，网络节点2可以将网络节点2的负荷上报给控制面网元，网络节点3可以将网络节点3的负荷上报给控制面网元，网络节点4可以将网络节点4的负荷上报给控制面网元。进而，控制面网元可以根据网络节点1的负荷确定网络节点1的拥塞程度；可以根据网络节点2的负荷确定网络节点2的拥塞程度；可以根据网络节点3的负荷确定网络节点3的拥塞程度；可以根据网络节点4的负荷确定网络节点4的拥塞程度。进而，控制面网元可以将网络节点1的拥塞程度、网络节点2的拥塞程度、网络节点3的拥塞程度和网络节点4的拥塞程度发送给网络节点1、网络节点2、网络节点3和网络节点4，使得网络节点1可以获取源IP地址段-目标IP地址段构成的IP段对对应的传输路径上网络节点1的拥塞程度、网络节点2的拥塞程度、网络节点3的拥塞程度和网络节点4的拥塞程度；网络节点2可以获取源IP地址段-目标IP地址段构成的IP段对对应的传输路径上网络节点1的拥塞程度、网络节点2的拥塞程度、网络节点3的拥塞程度和网络节点4的拥塞程度；网络节点3可以获取源IP地址段-目 标IP地址段构成的IP段对对应的传输路径上网络节点1的拥塞程度、网络节点2的拥塞程度、网络节点3的拥塞程度和网络节点4的拥塞程度；网络节点4可以获取源IP地址段-目标IP地址段构成的IP段对对应的传输路径上网络节点1的拥塞程度、网络节点2的拥塞程度、网络节点3的拥塞程度和网络节点4的拥塞程度。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例仅是示例性的以确定图3所示的传输路径上各设备的拥塞程度为例进行说明，当然，若该源IP地址段-目标IP地址段构成的IP段对对应其它传输路径，则其它传输路径上各设备的拥塞程度的确定方式可参考上述确定图3所示的传输路径上各设备的拥塞程度的方式，在此不再一一赘述。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的设备的拥塞程度也可以反馈出设备之间的链路质量，也就是说，链路质量可以通过设备的拥塞程度进行表征，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
或者，示例性的，对于上述方式二，可以通过网络节点之间反馈的方式确定传输路径的传输质量。具体的，网络节点可以根据自身的负荷或者转发资源的占用比例等信息计算自己的拥塞程度；并且，网络节点之间可以相互通告自己的拥塞程度。例如，通过组播机制，本网络层次内的网络节点支持通过组播的方式向本网络层次内的其他网络节点通知自身的拥塞程度，网络节点间通过这种方式可以获得该网络层次内所有其他网络节点的拥塞程度。比如，在图4中，网络节点1在确定网络节点1的拥塞程度之后，可以向网络节点2、网络节点3和网络节点4通告网络节点1的拥塞程度；网络节点2在确定网络节点2的拥塞程度之后，可以向网络节点2、网络节点3和网络节点4通告网络节点2的拥塞程度；网络节点3在确定网络节点3的拥塞程度之后，可以向网络节点1、网络节点2和网络节点4通告网络节点3的拥塞程度；网络节点4在确定网络节点4的拥塞程度之后，可以向网络节点1、网络节点2和网络节点3通告网络节点4的拥塞程度。这样，网络节点1可以获知网络节点2、网络节点3和网络节点4的拥塞程度；网络节点2可以获知网络节点1、网络节点3和网络节点4的拥塞程度；网络节点3可以获知网络节点1、网络节点2和网络节点4的拥塞程度；网络节点4可以获知网络节点1、网络节点2和网络节点3的拥塞程度。或者，本网络层次内的网络节点也可以采用点对点的方式通告自己的拥塞程度，即网络节点的拥塞程度只向该网络节点的邻居网络节点(如与该网络节点相邻的下一跳设备或者该网络节点相邻的上一跳设备中的一个或多个)进行通告，而不向其他网络节点进行通告。因此这种情况下，网络节点只感知到邻居网络节点的拥塞程度。比如，假设移动网络节点和内容分发网络(content delivery network，CDN)服务器节点作为一种网络层次，而忽略其下跨越的IP网络和传输网络，则如图5所示，移动网络节点1(以下简称节点1)可以向移动网络节点2(以下简称节点2)通告节点1的拥塞程度；节点2可以向节点1通告节点2的拥塞程度；节点2可以向移动网络节点3(简称节点3)和移动网络节点4(简称节点4)分别通告节点2的拥塞程度；节点3可以分别向节点2和CDN服务器通告节点3的拥塞程度；节点4可以分别向节点2和CDN服务器通告节点4的拥塞程度。
或者，示例性的，对于上述方式一或方式二，可以通过网络节点采样的方式确定传输路径的传输质量。比如，该网络层次内所有的网络节点在精准时钟同步的基础上，各个网络节点在收到的数据包头上添加时间戳，并且该时间戳随着网络节点的编号向其他网络节点传递，其他网络节点根据时间戳计算出源设备到该网络节点之间的各个网络节点对数据包的处理时间，并将该处理时间映射为各个网络节点的拥塞程度。或者，该网络层次内所有的网络节点把处理数据包所占用的时间随着网络节点编号添加到数据包头内，并向其他网络节点传递。 其他网络节点根据占用时间计算出源设备到该网络节点之间的各个网络节点对数据包的处理时间，并将该处理时间映射为各个网络节点的拥塞程度，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
通过上述过程，在该网络层次内的各个网络节点均对某IP段对路由建立起如表一所示的传输路径拓扑信息(可以理解，某个IP段对可能对应多个有效的传输路径，下述表一仅是示例性的以针对源IP地址段1-目标IP地址段1构成的IP段对路由建立的路径1和路径2为例进行说明)：
表一
Figure PCTCN2019098509-appb-000001
下面将以上述第一设备和第三设备的交互为例，给出本申请实施例提供的一种数据包处理方法，如图6所示，包括如下步骤(可以理解，一个业务流中存在着一个或多个数据包，以下仅以第一数据包为例进行说明)：
S601、第三设备确定待发送的第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息用于在第一数据包的传输过程中确定第一数据包对应的处理策略。
可选的，本申请实施例中，第一数据包的传输需求指示信息可以包括第一数据包的比特价值，该第一数据包的比特价值为用于表征第一数据包价值的信息。
可选的，该第一数据包的比特价值例如可以为第一数据包中所有数据的比特价值之和，或者第一数据包中比特价值最高的数据的比特价值，或者自定义的用于表征第一数据包价值的数值等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选的，本申请实施例中，若第三设备为图1中的源设备，则源设备可以根据第一数据包的数据类型，确定待发送的第一数据包的比特价值，该第一数据包的数据类型例如可以是P帧数据包、I帧数据包、或者I帧+P帧数据包等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
示例性的，假设预先定义的数据包的比特价值可以划分为两个等级，分别为高比特价值等级和低比特价值等级，则若第一数据包中仅包括I帧(即第一数据包的数据类型为I帧数据包)，则源设备可以确定第一数据包的比特价值为高比特价值等级；或者，假设第一数据包中仅包括P帧(即第一数据包的数据类型为P帧数据包)，则源设备可以确定第一数据包的比特价值为低比特价值等级；或者，假设第一数据包中同时包括I帧和P帧(即第一数据包的数据类型为I帧+P帧数据包)，则源设备可以确定第一数据包的比特价值为高比特价值等级，即第一数据包中比特价值最高的数据的比特价值。当然，上述高比特价值等级和低比特价值等级也可以分别用对应的数值进行表征，比如，高比特价值等级对应第一数值，低比特价值等级对应第二数值，其中，第一数值＞第二数值，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
当然，本申请实施例中，若第三设备不是图1中的源设备，而是图1中的某个中间设备，则待发送的第一数据包的比特价值是由源设备通过上述方式确定后发送给该第三设备的，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选的，本申请实施例中，第一数据包的传输需求指示信息还可以包括第一数据包的传 输时间参数，该第一数据包的传输时间参数为用于表征第一数据包时效性的信息。
示例性的，假设第一数据包为时延敏感业务的数据包，则该第一数据包的传输时间参数可以用于指示第一数据包的剩余处理时间，该剩余处理时间可以通过如下方式进行表征：
方式一，在要求精准时钟同步的情况下，第一数据包的传输时间参数中可以包括第一数据包对应的截止时间(deadline)。其中，该截止时间可以用于指示第一数据包的剩余处理时间，该剩余处理时间＝截止时间-本地时间戳。精准时钟同步是指对各个设备之间的绝对时钟进行同步，使每个设备的绝对时间一致，在此统一说明，以下不再赘述。
方式二，在无需精准时钟同步的情况下，第一数据包的传输时间参数中可以包括第一数据包的传输时延需求，以及，第一数据包从源设备传输到该第一设备的过程中各个中间设备已经占用的时间。其中，第一数据包的传输时延需求，以及，第一数据包从源设备传输到该第一设备的过程中各个中间设备已经占用的时间可以用于指示第一数据包的剩余处理时间，该剩余处理时间＝第一数据包的传输时延需求-第一数据包从源设备传输到该第一设备的过程中各个中间设备已经占用的时间之和。
当然，第一数据包的剩余处理时间还可能有其他的表征方式，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选的，本申请实施例中，对于高比特价值的第一数据包，第三设备还可能复制第一数据包，得到多个第一数据包之后，在多个传输路径上传输第一数据包，以此来保障传输的可靠性。此时，相应的，第一数据包的传输需求指示信息还可以包括第一数据包的去重信息，该第一数据包的去重信息可以包括第一数据包的序列号，或者该第一数据包的去重信息包括第一数据包的序列号以及对第一数据包进行去重的设备的信息，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。示例性的，本申请实施例中，对第一数据包进行去重的设备例如可以是多个第一数据包汇聚的设备，例如图5中的CDN服务器，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，第一数据包的传输需求指示信息可以同时包括上述第一数据包的比特价值、第一数据包的传输时间参数和第一数据包的去重信息中的多个信息，比如，第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括第一数据包的比特价值和第一数据包的传输时间参数；或者，第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括第一数据包的比特价值和第一数据包的去重信息；或者，第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括第一数据包的传输时间参数和第一数据包的去重信息；或者，第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括第一数据包的比特价值、第一数据包的传输时间参数和第一数据包的去重信息，等等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
S602、第三设备设备向第一设备发送第一数据包，以使得第一设备接收来自第三设备的第一数据包。其中，该第一数据包携带第一数据包的传输需求指示信息。
可选的，本申请实施例中，第三设备在确定第一数据包的传输需求指示信息之后，可以将该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息封装到第一数据包的扩展头中，该第一数据包的扩展头可以包含在第一数据包的IP扩展头中，也可以采用新的封装格式进行封装，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。示例性的，第一数据包的扩展头的格式可以如图7所示，包括：比特价值字段，传输时延需求字段，序列号字段，去重设备的信息字段，源设备和第一设备之间的各中间设备的标识字段(如图7中的中间设备1的标识、中间设备2的标识、……)，以及与各个中间设备对应的时间参数字段(如图7中与中间设备1对应的时间参数1、与中间设备2对应的时间参数2、……)，该时间参数用于表征第一数据包从源设备传输到该第一设备的过程中各个中间设备已经占用的时间。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，若第一数据包为复制数据包，则图7中的序列号字段和去重设备的信息字段有效，否则这两个字段无效；若第一数据包为时延敏感业务的数据包，则图7中的各中间设备的标识字段以及与各个中间设备对应的时间参数字段有效，否则这两个字段无效。可选的，图7中的各中间设备可以是按照路径顺序排序的，比如按照距离第一设备从远至近的顺序，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
S603、第一设备根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略。
情况一，在第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括所述第一数据包的比特价值的情况下：
可选的，本申请实施例中，第一设备根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体可以为：
若第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则第一设备确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：优先调度第一数据包；
和/或，将第一数据包转发至第二设备，其中，第二设备为由第一设备到目标设备的一条或多条传输路径上，与第一设备相邻的下一跳设备中拥塞程度最小的设备；或者，第二设备为由第一设备到目标设备的目标传输路径上，与第一设备相邻的下一跳设备。该目标传输路径为由第一设备到目标设备的一条或多条传输路径中传输代价最小的传输路径；
和/或，复制第一数据包，得到多个第一数据包之后，在多条传输路径发送多个第一数据包，其中，第一数据包中携带第一数据包的序列号；或者，复制第一数据包，得到多个第一数据包之后，在多条传输路径上发送多个第一数据包，其中，第一数据包携带第一数据包的序列号和对第一数据包进行去重的设备的信息，也就是说，该方式需要分别指定多条传输路径中的每条传输路径上对第一数据包进行去重的设备。
或者，若第一数据包的比特价值低于第二阈值，且第一设备和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上的设备拥塞，则第一设备确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：丢弃第一数据包，从而为其他的数据包预留资源。
其中，本申请实施例中，优先调度是指对接收到的数据包插入调度队列的最前面，以使得可以提前处理该数据包，在此统一说明，以下不再赘述。
其中，本申请实施例中，各设备拥塞程度的获取方式可参考上述传输网络介绍部分，在此不再赘述。
其中，本申请实施例中，传输代价最小例如可以是传输路径最短或者传输时延最小等，在此统一说明，以下不再赘述。
情况二，在第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括第一数据包的传输时间参数的情况下：
可选的，本申请实施例中，第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示第一数据包的剩余处理时间；相应的，第一设备根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
若第一数据包的剩余处理时间小于第三阈值并且大于0，则第一设备确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：优先调度第一数据包；
和/或，将第一数据包转发至第二设备，其中，第二设备为由第一设备到目标设备的一条或多条传输路径上，与第一设备相邻的下一跳设备中拥塞程度最小的设备；或者，第二设备为由第一设备到目标设备的目标传输路径上，与第一设备相邻的下一跳设备；目标传输路径为由第一设备到目标设备的一条或多条传输路径中传输代价最小的传输路径。
其中，本申请实施例中，各设备拥塞程度的获取方式可参考上述传输网络介绍部分，在 此不再赘述。
其中，本申请实施例中，第一数据包的剩余处理时间大于0，例如可以是第一数据包的剩余处理时间大于由第一设备到第一设备的下一跳设备的传输时延，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
或者，若第一数据包的剩余处理时间不大于0或者不大于预估时间，则第一设备确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：丢弃第一数据包，从而为其他的数据包预留资源，其中，该预估时间是根据第一设备和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的拥塞程度确定的。
其中，本申请实施例中，第一数据包的剩余处理时间不大于0，例如可以是第一数据包的剩余处理时间不大于由第一设备到第一设备的下一跳设备的传输时延，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
情况三，在第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括第一数据包的去重信息的情况下：
可选的，本申请实施例中，第一设备根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：若第一数据包的去重信息中包括的对第一数据包进行去重的设备信息为第一设备的信息，则第一设备确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：根据第一数据包的序列号，对第一数据包进行去重处理。也就是说，若第一设备获知指定的去重设备为自己，则可以按照第一数据包的序列号执行去重操作。
需要说明的是，上述情况一至情况三分别给出了第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括上述第一数据包的比特价值、第一数据包的传输时间参数或第一数据包的去重信息时对应的处理策略，当然，若第一数据包的传输需求指示信息同时包括上述第一数据包的比特价值、第一数据包的传输时间参数和第一数据包的去重信息中的多个信息，则对应的处理策略可能是上述情况一至情况三中处理策略的结合，比如，若第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括第一数据包的比特价值和第一数据包的去重信息，且第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，第一数据包的去重信息中包括的对第一数据包进行去重的设备信息为第一设备的信息，则第一设备确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：根据第一数据包的序列号，对第一数据包进行去重处理，且将第一数据包转发至第二设备，其中，第二设备为由第一设备到目标设备的一条或多条传输路径上，与第一设备相邻的下一跳设备中拥塞程度最小的设备；或者，第二设备为由第一设备到目标设备的目标传输路径上，与第一设备相邻的下一跳设备。
S604、第一设备根据第一数据包对应的处理策略，处理第一数据包。
在第一设备确定第一数据包对应的处理策略之后，即可根据上述处理策略处理第一数据包，比如包括去重、复制、主动丢弃、优先调度或者向第一设备的下一跳设备转发该第一数据包中的一个或多个处理等，具体可参考步骤S603中描述的处理策略，在此不再赘述。
基于本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法，由于在数据传输的过程中，第一设备接收到的第一数据包中携带第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，使得第一设备可以根据该第一数据包的传输需求指示信息确定第一数据包对应的处理策略之后，根据该第一数据包的处理策略处理第一数据包。因此，本申请实施例中，对同一条业务流中不同重要程度的数据包，根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，可以进行不同的处理。
其中，上述步骤S601至S604中的第一设备或第三设备的动作可以由图2所示的通信设备200中的处理器201调用存储器203中存储的应用程序代码来执行，本实施例对此不作任何限制。
下面将结合几个具体场景对本申请上述实施例提供的数据处理方法进行说明。
示例一：本示例主要是描述在移动网络中针对高bit价值的数据包和普通数据包如何处理。以虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)业务为例，如图8所示：
首先，假设VR服务器向终端发送多个数据包。该多个数据包中包含I帧或P帧数据。若数据包中包含I帧数据，则VR服务器将该数据包头中的bit价值设置为高bit价值，即该数据包视为高bit价值数据包；否则，该数据包按照普通数据包处理。
其次，在用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)1网元接收到VR服务器发送的高bit价值数据包之后，UPF1网元识别数据包头中的bit价值，获知该数据包为高bit价值的数据包，进而UPF1网元执行优先调度，并将该数据包外层封装的隧道(例如通用分组无线系统(general packet radio system，GPRS)隧道协议(GPRS tunneling protocol，GTP)隧道)的IP头中的bit价值设置为高bit价值之后，将该封装后的高bit价值数据包发送给UPF2网元。
进而，UPF2网元接收到该高bit价值数据包后，根据该数据包外层封装的隧道的IP头中的bit价值获知此数据包是高bit价值数据包，则UPF2网元执行优先调度，并将该数据包外层封装的隧道(例如GTP隧道)的IP头中的bit价值设置为高bit价值之后，选择负载轻的接入设备发送该高bit价值数据包。可选的，UPF2网元可以通过如下方式选择接入设备：比如，会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元可以根据接入设备的负荷选择处理高bit价值的接入设备，并将选择的接入设备的信息通知给UPF网元；或者，接入设备可以将自己的负荷反馈给UPF2网元，由UPF2网元自行选择接入设备，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。假设图8中接入设备1的负载小于接入设备2的负载，则UPF2网元可以将该高bit价值数据包通过接入设备1发送，将普通数据包通过接入设备2发送。
在接入设备1和接入设备2分别接收到相应的数据包之后，可以根据数据包头中的bit价值执行不同的调度和采用不同的QoS参数，以保障高bit价值数据包的优先级调度，具体可参考现有的第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)机制中的“高bit价值的数据包采用突发(burst)保障机制”，在此不予赘述。
示例二：本示例主要是描述在共享网络的场景下，如何为高bit价值的数据包通过本机制实现逻辑切片的隔离。其中，不同切片上承载不同bit价值的数据包。
如图9所示，对于从应用服务器到终端的下行数据包：
首先，假设应用服务器向终端发送多个数据包。该多个数据包中包含I帧或P帧数据。若数据包中包含I帧数据，则应用服务器将该数据包头中的bit价值设置为高bit价值，即该数据包视为高bit价值数据包；否则，该数据包按照普通数据包处理。
其次，在UPF1网元接收到应用服务器发送的高bit价值数据包之后，UPF1网元识别数据包头中的bit价值，获知该数据包为高bit价值的数据包，进而UPF1网元执行优先调度，并将该数据包外层封装的隧道(例如GTP隧道)的IP头中的bit价值设置为高bit价值之后，根据转发策略将该封装后的高bit价值数据包发送给UPF3网元。在UPF1网元接收到应用服务器发送的普通数据包之后，可以根据转发策略将该普通数据包封装之后发送给UPF2网元。其中，UPF网元1上的转发策略例如可以是由SMF网元下发的，也可以是由UPF1网元根据UPF2网元和UPF3网元反馈的拥塞程度确定的，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
进而，UPF3网元接收到高bit价值数据包后，根据该数据包外层封装的隧道的IP头中的bit价值获知此数据包是高bit价值数据包，则UPF3网元执行优先调度，并将该数据包外层封装的隧道(例如GTP隧道)的IP头中的bit价值设置为高bit价值之后，选择负载轻的 接入设备发送该高bit价值数据包。其中，接入设备的选择方式可参考上述示例1，在此不再赘述。假设图9中接入设备2的负载小于接入设备1的负载，则UPF3网元可以将该高bit价值数据包通过接入设备2发送。接入设备2接收到高bit价值数据包后，可以根据数据包头中的bit价值执行高优先级调度和采用特殊的QoS参数保障，具体可参考现有的3GPP机制中的“高bit价值的数据包采用突发(burst)保障机制”，在此不予赘述。进而，接入设备2可以将该高bit价值数据包发送给终端。
或者，UPF2网元接收到普通数据包之后，可以按照现有的机制将该普通数据包发送给终端，例如，如图9所示，UPF2网元可以通过接入设备1将该普通数据包发送给终端。
当然，对于从终端到应用服务器的上行数据包：
终端可以在数据包的包头中封装该数据包的bit价值，进而终端可以根据空口测量参数等选择信道质量好的接入设备2发送该高bit价值的数据包。接入设备2接收到该高bit价值的数据包之后，可以根据该数据包的包头中的bit价值获知该数据包是高bit价值的数据包，则接入设备2可以将该数据包外层封装的隧道(例如GTP隧道)的IP头中的bit价值设置为高bit价值,并将封装后的高bit价值数据包发送给UPF3网元。UPF3网元接收到高bit价值数据包后，根据该数据包外层封装的隧道的IP头中的bit价值获知此数据包是高bit价值数据包，则UPF3网元实施高优先级保障，例如，优先调度，具体可参考现有的3GPP机制中的“高bit价值的数据包采用突发(burst)保障机制”，在此不予赘述。
需要说明的是，上述示例一和示例二主要向移动网络，因此接入设备的负荷是考虑的重要因素。当前的3GPP中，接入设备会向控制面(如SMF网元)通知自身的负荷，因此网络节点(如UPF网元)实施相对简化，可以根据SMF的指示执行不同的转发策略，如上述示例一中，SMF网元可以根据接入设备的负荷选择处理高bit价值的接入设备，并将选择的接入设备的信息通知给UPF网元，进而UPF网元可以向该接入设备发送高bit价值数据包，在此统一说明，以下不再赘述。
示例3：相比无线网络，在企业网，固网等场景下，由于缺少控制面的参与，因此需要网络节点主动参与学习网络拓扑，并感知各个网络节点的负载变化。假设可以通过OSPF协议使图10中的宽带网络网关(broadband network gateway，BNG)，路由器1(router1，R1)，路由器2(router2，R2)，路由器3(router3，R3)，路由器4(router4，R4)以及服务器建立起针对某IP段对的传输路径拓扑信息；并且，各个网络节点可以通过上述传输网络介绍部分的组播，邻居节点通告或者采样的方式获得各个网络节点的拥塞程度，则下面分别针对该传输路径拓扑上的各个设备的操作进行相关说明如下：
其中，服务器或终端可以在数据包头中按照格式封装数据包的bit价值、数据包的传输时间参数、或者数据包的去重信息中的一个或多个。
服务器和终端之间的路由器(如R2和R1，或R2、R3和R4)可以随路在数据包头中更新数据包的传输时间参数或数据包的去重信息等。
BNG、服务器和终端之间的路由器(如R2和R1，或R2、R3和R4)或者服务器可以根据数据包的bit价值执行优先级调度或选择多路并发，并对时延敏感的业务流执行时效性检查，如果时效性失效，则选择丢弃数据包。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，上述第一设备或第三设备为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示 例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对第一设备或第三设备进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
比如，以采用集成的方式划分各个功能模块的情况下，图11示出了一种第一设备110的结构示意图。该第一设备110包括：收发模块1102和处理模块1101。收发模块1102，用于接收来自第三设备的第一数据包，该第一数据包携带第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，其中，第一设备110为第一数据包对应的源设备和目标设备之间的任一中间设备，第三设备为由源设备到目标设备的传输路径上与第一设备110相邻的上一跳设备；处理模块1101，用于根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略，并根据第一数据包对应的处理策略，处理第一数据包。
可选的，第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括第一数据包的比特价值，其中，第一数据包的比特价值为用于表征第一数据包价值的信息。
示例性的，第一数据包的比特价值可以为：第一数据包中所有数据的比特价值之和，或者第一数据包中比特价值最高的数据的比特价值，或者自定义的用于表征第一数据包价值的数值。
进一步的，一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块1101用于根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：用于若第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：优先调度第一数据包。
或者，一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块1101用于根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：用于若第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：将第一数据包转发至第二设备，其中，第二设备为由第一设备110到目标设备的一条或多条传输路径上，与第一设备110相邻的下一跳设备中拥塞程度最小的设备；或者，第二设备为由第一设备110到目标设备的目标传输路径上，与第一设备110相邻的下一跳设备；目标传输路径为由第一设备110到目标设备的一条或多条传输路径中传输代价最小的传输路径。
或者，一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块1101用于根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：用于若第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：复制第一数据包，得到多个第一数据包之后，在多条传输路径发送多个第一数据包；或者，复制第一数据包，得到多个第一数据包之后，在多条传输路径上发送多个第一数据包，并且分别指定多条传输路径中的每条传输路径上对第一数据包进行去重的设备。
或者，一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块1101用于根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：用于若第一数据包的比特价值低于第二阈值，且第一设备110和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上的设备拥塞，则确定第一数据包对应 的处理策略为：丢弃第一数据包。
可选的，第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括第一数据包的传输时间参数；其中，第一数据包的传输时间参数为用于表征第一数据包时效性的信息。
进一步的，一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示第一数据包的剩余处理时间，相应的，处理模块1101用于根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：用于若第一数据包的剩余处理时间小于第三阈值并且大于0，则确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：优先调度第一数据包。
或者，一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示第一数据包的剩余处理时间；相应的，处理模块1101用于根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：用于若第一数据包的剩余处理时间小于第三阈值并且大于0，则确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：将第一数据包转发至第二设备，其中，第二设备为由第一设备110到目标设备的一条或多条传输路径上，与第一设备110相邻的下一跳设备中拥塞程度最小的设备；或者，第二设备为由第一设备110到目标设备的目标传输路径上，与第一设备110相邻的下一跳设备；目标传输路径为由第一设备110到目标设备的一条或多条传输路径中传输代价最小的传输路径。
或者，一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示第一数据包的剩余处理时间；相应的，处理模块1101用于根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：用于若第一数据包的剩余处理时间不大于0或者不大于预估时间，则确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：丢弃第一数据包，其中，预估时间是根据第一设备110和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的拥塞程度确定的。
可选的，第一数据包的传输需求指示信息还包括第一数据包的去重信息，其中，第一数据包的去重信息包括第一数据包的序列号，或者第一数据包的去重信息包括第一数据包的序列号和对第一数据包进行去重的设备的信息。
进一步的，一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块1101用于根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：用于若第一数据包的去重信息中包括的对第一数据包进行去重的设备信息为第一设备110的信息，则确定第一数据包对应的处理策略为：根据第一数据包的序列号，对第一数据包进行去重处理。
可选的，处理模块1101，还用于获取第一设备110和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度；处理模块1101，还用于建立第一设备110和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度的对应关系。
可选的，处理模块1101用于获取第一设备110和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度，具体为：用于接收来自控制设备的第一设备110和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的拥塞程度；或者，用于接收来自第一设备110和目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的自己的拥塞程度。
其中，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
在本实施例中，该第一设备110以采用集成的方式划分各个功能模块的形式来呈现。这里的“模块”可以指特定ASIC，电路，执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器和存储器，集成逻辑电路，和/或其他可以提供上述功能的器件。在一个简单的实施例中，本领域的技术人员可以想到该第一设备110可以采用图2所示的形式。
比如，图2中的处理器201可以通过调用存储器203中存储的计算机执行指令，使得第一设备110执行上述方法实施例中的数据处理方法。
具体的，图11中的收发模块1102和处理模块1101的功能/实现过程可以通过图2中的处理器201调用存储器203中存储的计算机执行指令来实现。或者，图11中的处理模块1101的功能/实现过程可以通过图2中的处理器201调用存储器203中存储的计算机执行指令来实现，图11中的收发模块1102的功能/实现过程可以通过图2中的通信接口204来实现。
由于本实施例提供的第一设备可执行上述的数据处理方法，因此其所能获得的技术效果可参考上述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
可选的，本申请实施例还提供了一种装置(例如，该装置可以是芯片系统)，该装置包括处理器，用于支持第一设备实现上述数据处理方法，例如根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略。在一种可能的设计中，该装置还包括存储器。该存储器，用于保存第一设备必要的程序指令和数据。当然，存储器也可以不在该装置中。该装置是芯片系统时，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
比如，以采用集成的方式划分各个功能模块的情况下，图12示出了一种第三设备120的结构示意图。该第三设备120包括：处理模块1201和收发模块1202；处理模块1201，用于确定待发送的第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，其中，第一数据包的传输需求指示信息用于在第一数据包的传输过程中确定第一数据包对应的处理策略；收发模块1202，用于向第一设备发送第一数据包，其中，第一数据包携带第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，第一设备为第一数据包对应的源设备和目标设备之间的任一中间设备，第三设备为由源设备到目标设备的传输路径上与第一设备相邻的上一跳设备。
可选的，第三设备为第一数据包对应的源设备；相应的，处理模块1201用于确定第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，具体为：用于根据第一数据包中的数据类型，确定第一数据包的比特价值。
其中，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
在本实施例中，该第三设备120以采用集成的方式划分各个功能模块的形式来呈现。这里的“模块”可以指特定ASIC，电路，执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器和存储器，集成逻辑电路，和/或其他可以提供上述功能的器件。在一个简单的实施例中，本领域的技术人员可以想到该第三设备120可以采用图2所示的形式。
比如，图2中的处理器201可以通过调用存储器203中存储的计算机执行指令，使得第三设备120执行上述方法实施例中的数据处理方法。
具体的，图12中的收发模块1202和处理模块1201的功能/实现过程可以通过图2中的处理器201调用存储器203中存储的计算机执行指令来实现。或者，图12中的处理模块1201的功能/实现过程可以通过图2中的处理器201调用存储器203中存储的计算机执行指令来实现，图12中的收发模块1202的功能/实现过程可以通过图2中的通信接口204来实现。
由于本实施例提供的第三设备可执行上述的数据处理方法，因此其所能获得的技术效果可参考上述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
可选的，本申请实施例还提供了一种装置(例如，该装置可以是芯片系统)，该装置包括处理器，用于支持第三设备实现上述数据处理方法，例如根据第一数据包的传输需求指示信 息，确定第一数据包对应的处理策略。在一种可能的设计中，该装置还包括存储器。该存储器，用于保存第三设备必要的程序指令和数据。当然，存储器也可以不在该装置中。该装置是芯片系统时，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件程序实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式来实现。该计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或者数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可以用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)，光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
尽管在此结合各实施例对本申请进行了描述，然而，在实施所要求保护的本申请过程中，本领域技术人员通过查看所述附图、公开内容、以及所附权利要求书，可理解并实现所述公开实施例的其他变化。在权利要求中，“包括”(comprising)一词不排除其他组成部分或步骤，“一”或“一个”不排除多个的情况。单个处理器或其他单元可以实现权利要求中列举的若干项功能。相互不同的从属权利要求中记载了某些措施，但这并不表示这些措施不能组合起来产生良好的效果。
尽管结合具体特征及其实施例对本申请进行了描述，显而易见的，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，可对其进行各种修改和组合。相应地，本说明书和附图仅仅是所附权利要求所界定的本申请的示例性说明，且视为已覆盖本申请范围内的任意和所有修改、变化、组合或等同物。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (41)

  1. 一种数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述数据处理方法包括：
    第一设备接收来自第三设备的第一数据包，所述第一数据包携带所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，其中，所述第一设备为所述第一数据包对应的源设备和目标设备之间的任一中间设备，所述第三设备为由所述源设备到所述目标设备的传输路径上与所述第一设备相邻的上一跳设备；
    所述第一设备根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略；
    所述第一设备根据所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，处理所述第一数据包。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括所述第一数据包的比特价值，其中，所述第一数据包的比特价值为用于表征所述第一数据包价值的信息。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的比特价值为：所述第一数据包中所有数据的比特价值之和，或者所述第一数据包中比特价值最高的数据的比特价值，或者自定义的用于表征所述第一数据包价值的数值。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    若所述第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则所述第一设备确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：优先调度所述第一数据包。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    若所述第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则所述第一设备确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：将所述第一数据包转发至所述第二设备，其中，所述第二设备为由所述第一设备到所述目标设备的一条或多条传输路径上，与所述第一设备相邻的下一跳设备中拥塞程度最小的设备；或者，所述第二设备为由所述第一设备到所述目标设备的目标传输路径上，与所述第一设备相邻的下一跳设备；所述目标传输路径为由所述第一设备到所述目标设备的一条或多条传输路径中传输代价最小的传输路径。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    若所述第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则所述第一设备确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：复制所述第一数据包，得到多个所述第一数据包之后，在多条传输路径发送多个所述第一数据包；或者，复制所述第一数据包，得到多个所述第一数据包之后，在多条传输路径上发送多个所述第一数据包，并且分别指定所述多条传输路径中的每条传输路径上对所述第一数据包进行去重的设备。
  7. 根据权利要求2或3所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    若所述第一数据包的比特价值低于第二阈值，且所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上的设备拥塞，则所述第一设备确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：丢弃所述第一数据包。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括所述第一数据包的传输时间参数；其中，所述第一数据包的传输时间参数为用于表征所述第一数据包时效性的信息。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示所述第一数据包的剩余处理时间，相应的，所述第一设备根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    若所述第一数据包的剩余处理时间小于第三阈值并且大于0，则所述第一设备确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：优先调度所述第一数据包。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示所述第一数据包的剩余处理时间；相应的，所述第一设备根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    若所述第一数据包的剩余处理时间小于第三阈值并且大于0，则所述第一设备确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：将所述第一数据包转发至所述第二设备，其中，所述第二设备为由所述第一设备到所述目标设备的一条或多条传输路径上，与所述第一设备相邻的下一跳设备中拥塞程度最小的设备；或者，所述第二设备为由所述第一设备到所述目标设备的目标传输路径上，与所述第一设备相邻的下一跳设备；所述目标传输路径为由所述第一设备到所述目标设备的一条或多条传输路径中传输代价最小的传输路径。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示所述第一数据包的剩余处理时间；相应的，所述第一设备根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    若所述第一数据包的剩余处理时间不大于0或者不大于预估时间，则所述第一设备确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：丢弃所述第一数据包，其中，所述预估时间是根据所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的拥塞程度确定的。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息还包括所述第一数据包的去重信息，其中，所述第一数据包的去重信息包括所述第一数据包的序列号，或者所述第一数据包的去重信息包括所述第一数据包的序列号和对所述第一数据包进行去重的设备的信息。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    若所述第一数据包的去重信息中包括的对所述第一数据包进行去重的设备信息为所述第一设备的信息，则所述第一设备确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：根据所述第一数据包的序列号，对所述第一数据包进行去重处理。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述数据处理方法还包括：
    所述第一设备获取所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度；
    所述第一设备建立所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度的对应关系。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备获取所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度，具体为：
    所述第一设备接收来自控制设备的所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的拥塞程度；
    或者，所述第一设备接收来自所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的自己的拥塞程度。
  16. 一种数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述数据处理方法包括：
    第三设备确定待发送的第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，其中，所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息用于在所述第一数据包的传输过程中确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略；
    所述第三设备向第一设备发送所述第一数据包，其中，所述第一数据包携带所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，所述第一设备为所述第一数据包对应的源设备和目标设备之间的任一中间设备，所述第三设备为由所述源设备到所述目标设备的传输路径上与所述第一设备相邻的上一跳设备。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的数据处理方法，其特征在于，所述第三设备为所述第一数据包对应的源设备；相应的，所述第三设备确定所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，具体为：
    所述源设备根据所述第一数据包中的数据类型，确定所述第一数据包的比特价值。
  18. 一种第一设备，其特征在于，所述第一设备包括：收发模块和处理模块；
    所述收发模块，用于接收来自第三设备的第一数据包，所述第一数据包携带所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，其中，所述第一设备为所述第一数据包对应的源设备和目标设备之间的任一中间设备，所述第三设备为由所述源设备到所述目标设备的传输路径上与所述第一设备相邻的上一跳设备；
    所述处理模块，用于根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，处理所述第一数据包。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括所述第一数据包的比特价值，其中，所述第一数据包的比特价值为用于表征所述第一数据包价值的信息。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的比特价值为：所述第一数据包中所有数据的比特价值之和，或者所述第一数据包中比特价值最高的数据的比特价值，或者自定义的用于表征所述第一数据包价值的数值。
  21. 根据权利要求19或20所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    用于若所述第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：优先调度所述第一数据包。
  22. 根据权利要求19或20所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    用于若所述第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：将所述第一数据包转发至所述第二设备，其中，所述第二设备为由所述第一设备到所述目标设备的一条或多条传输路径上，与所述第一设备相邻的下一跳设备中拥塞程度最小的设备；或者，所述第二设备为由所述第一设备到所述目标设备的目标传输路径上，与所述第一设备相邻的下一跳设备；所述目标传输路径为由所述第一设备到所述目标设备的一条或多条传输路径中传输代价最小的传输路径。
  23. 根据权利要求19或20所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    用于若所述第一数据包的比特价值高于第一阈值，则确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：复制所述第一数据包，得到多个所述第一数据包之后，在多条传输路径发送多个所述第一数据包；或者，复制所述第一数据包，得到多个所述第一数据包之后，在多条传输路径上发送多个所述第一数据包，并且分别指定所述多条传输路径中的每条传输路径上对所述第一数据包进行去重的设备。
  24. 根据权利要求19或20所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    用于若所述第一数据包的比特价值低于第二阈值，且所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上的设备拥塞，则确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：丢弃所述第一数据包。
  25. 根据权利要求18所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息包括所述第一数据包的传输时间参数；其中，所述第一数据包的传输时间参数为用于表征所述第一数据包时效性的信息。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示所述第一数据包的剩余处理时间，相应的，所述处理模块用于根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    用于若所述第一数据包的剩余处理时间小于第三阈值并且大于0，则确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：优先调度所述第一数据包。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示所述第一数据包的剩余处理时间；相应的，所述处理模块用于根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    用于若所述第一数据包的剩余处理时间小于第三阈值并且大于0，则确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：将所述第一数据包转发至所述第二设备，其中，所述第二设备为由所述第一设备到所述目标设备的一条或多条传输路径上，与所述第一设备相邻的下一跳设备中拥塞程度最小的设备；或者，所述第二设备为由所述第一设备到所述目标设备的目标传输路径上，与所述第一设备相邻的下一跳设备；所述目标传输路径为由所述第一设备到所述目标设备的一条或多条传输路径中传输代价最小的传输路径。
  28. 根据权利要求25所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的传输时间参数用于指示所述第一数据包的剩余处理时间；相应的，所述处理模块用于根据所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    用于若所述第一数据包的剩余处理时间不大于0或者不大于预估时间，则确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：丢弃所述第一数据包，其中，所述预估时间是根据所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的拥塞程度确定的。
  29. 根据权利要求18所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息还包括所述第一数据包的去重信息，其中，所述第一数据包的去重信息包括所述第一数据包的序列号，或者所述第一数据包的去重信息包括所述第一数据包的序列号和对所述第一数据包进行去重的设备的信息。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于根据所述第一数 据包的传输需求指示信息，确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略，具体为：
    用于若所述第一数据包的去重信息中包括的对所述第一数据包进行去重的设备信息为所述第一设备的信息，则确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略为：根据所述第一数据包的序列号，对所述第一数据包进行去重处理。
  31. 根据权利要求18-30任一项所述的第一设备，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，还用于获取所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度；
    所述处理模块，还用于建立所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度的对应关系。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的第一设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于获取所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的信息和拥塞程度，具体为：
    用于接收来自控制设备的所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的拥塞程度；
    或者，用于接收来自所述第一设备和所述目标设备之间的一条或多条传输路径上各设备的自己的拥塞程度。
  33. 一种第三设备，其特征在于，所述第三设备包括：处理模块和收发模块；
    所述处理模块，用于确定待发送的第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，其中，所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息用于在所述第一数据包的传输过程中确定所述第一数据包对应的处理策略；
    所述收发模块，用于向第一设备发送所述第一数据包，其中，所述第一数据包携带所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，所述第一设备为所述第一数据包对应的源设备和目标设备之间的任一中间设备，所述第三设备为由所述源设备到所述目标设备的传输路径上与所述第一设备相邻的上一跳设备。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的第三设备，其特征在于，所述第三设备为所述第一数据包对应的源设备；相应的，所述处理模块用于确定所述第一数据包的传输需求指示信息，具体为：
    用于根据所述第一数据包中的数据类型，确定所述第一数据包的比特价值。
  35. 一种数据传输系统，其特征在于，所述数据传输系统包括如权利要求18-32任一项所述的第一设备，以及如权利要求33或34所述的第三设备。
  36. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的方法。
  37. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求16或17所述的方法。
  38. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括处理器和存储器；
    所述存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当所述装置运行时，所述处理器执行所述存储器存储的所述计算机执行指令，以使所述装置执行如权利要求1-15任一所述的方法。
  39. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括处理器和存储器；
    所述存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当所述装置运行时，所述处理器执行所述存储器存储的所述计算机执行指令，以使所述装置执行如权利要求16或17所述的方法。
  40. 一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述1到15任一项所述的方法。
  41. 一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述16或17所述的方法。
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