WO2022222666A1 - 一种通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022222666A1
WO2022222666A1 PCT/CN2022/082058 CN2022082058W WO2022222666A1 WO 2022222666 A1 WO2022222666 A1 WO 2022222666A1 CN 2022082058 W CN2022082058 W CN 2022082058W WO 2022222666 A1 WO2022222666 A1 WO 2022222666A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
qos
network element
session
path
qos flow
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PCT/CN2022/082058
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张树琪
李笑霜
王勇
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2022222666A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022222666A1/zh
Priority to US18/489,960 priority Critical patent/US20240048480A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/38—Flow based routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/302—Route determination based on requested QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/24—Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/12—Setup of transport tunnels

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus.
  • 5G mobile communication system With the gradual commercialization of the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system around the world, operators have begun to actively explore 5G to enable thousands of industries. Unlike the 4G mobile communication system, which is mainly oriented to personal user (2C) services, an important development direction of the 5G mobile communication system is the enterprise user (2B) type of service, and the 2B type of service has a variety of quality of service (quality of service, QoS) need. Therefore, in the architectural design of 5G mobile communication system, in addition to supporting enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), it also supports massive machine type communications (mMTC) and low latency and high reliability (ultra-reliable and low latency communications). , uRLLC) scenarios to meet diverse and differentiated application requirements.
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • mMTC massive machine type communications
  • uRLLC ultra-reliable and low latency communications
  • the 5G mobile communication system redefines the QoS framework and defines the slicing technology.
  • the deployment structure of 5G mobile communication system is usually shown in Figure 1, including access network, transport network (TN) and core network (core network, CN), in which uplink data packets pass through the access network and the transmission network in turn. and each device in the core network, the downlink data packets pass through each device in the core network, transmission network, and access network in sequence.
  • TN transport network
  • core network core network
  • Service-level QoS requirements are generally end-to-end requirements. Therefore, the access network, transmission network, and core network need to perform QoS coordination to jointly ensure end-to-end QoS.
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • the access network and the core network are unified, but inconsistent with the transmission network.
  • the transport network cannot provide corresponding QoS guarantees for services of different levels according to the QoS requirements defined by the services, so that the services cannot obtain end-to-end QoS guarantees.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and apparatus, which are used to provide end-to-end QoS guarantee for services in the entire mobile communication system.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, the method includes: a session management function network element receives a session establishment request from an access network device, the session establishment request requesting to establish a session including a first quality of service QoS flow flow; the session management function network element sends a first path establishment request to the transport network control network element, where the first path establishment request includes the identification of the access network device, the identification of the mobile gateway selected for the session, and The service instance identifier of the first QoS flow and the TN QoS parameter of the first transmission network, the first TN QoS parameter of the first QoS flow is based on the first service type of the first QoS flow, the access It is determined by the TN QoS parameters mapped by the network device and the mobile gateway; the session management function network element receives a first path establishment response from the transmission network control network element, and the first path establishment response includes the first path establishment response.
  • the network element of the session management function determines the TN QoS parameter of the QoS flow according to the TN QoS parameter and the service type of the QoS flow, the mapping rules of the access network equipment and the mobile gateway, and defines the service QoS in the transmission network. It is unified with the access network and the core network, so as to provide QoS guarantee for the transmission of QoS flow service data packets in the transmission network, and to provide end-to-end QoS guarantee for services in the entire mobile communication system.
  • the QoS guarantee of the QoS flow granularity is implemented, which is more flexible than the QoS guarantee of the network slice level.
  • the method further includes: the session management function network element sends a first N4 session establishment request to the mobile gateway, where the first N4 session establishment request includes the information of the first QoS flow. Service instance identification and information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the information of the first TN transmission path of the first QoS flow is sent to the mobile gateway, which is conducive to providing QoS guarantee for the downlink data message of the QoS flow in the transmission network.
  • the method further includes: the session management function network element sending a QoS configuration request to the network management network element, where the QoS configuration request includes one or more mobile devices managed by the session management function network element The identifier of the gateway; the session management function network element receives a QoS configuration response from the network management network element, and the QoS configuration response includes the TN QoS parameters corresponding to the one or more mobile gateways and the service type of the QoS flow, Mapping rules for access network devices and mobile gateways.
  • the QoS configuration request may be used to request the network management network element for the TN QoS parameters and QoS flow service types, access network equipment and mobile gateways corresponding to one or more mobile gateways managed by the session management function network element
  • the QoS configuration response can be used for the network management network element to issue the corresponding TN QoS parameters to the session management function network element and the mapping rules of the service type of QoS flow, access network equipment and mobile gateway.
  • the network management network element can configure the TN QoS parameters of each service, that is, the TN QoS parameters of each QoS flow, and can be synchronized with the session management function network element.
  • the definition of service QoS is unified in the network, so as to provide QoS guarantee for QoS flow in the transmission network.
  • the method further includes: the session management function network element receives a first session modification request from the access network device, where the first session modification request request is established in the session the second QoS flow; the session management function network element sends a second path establishment request to the transport network control network element, where the second path establishment request includes the identification of the access network device, the identification of the mobile gateway, and the identification of the mobile gateway.
  • the service instance identifier of the second QoS flow and the first TN QoS parameter, the first TN QoS parameter of the second QoS flow is based on the first service type of the second QoS flow, the access network device and the The TN QoS parameter mapped by the mobile gateway is determined; the session management function network element receives a second path establishment response from the transmission network control network element, and the second path establishment response includes the second QoS flow.
  • Service instance identification and information of the first TN transmission path is based on the first service type of the second QoS flow, the access network device and the The TN QoS parameter mapped by the mobile gateway is determined; the session management function network element receives a second path establishment response from the transmission network control network element, and the second path establishment response includes the second QoS flow.
  • the method further includes: the session management function network element sends a second N4 session establishment request to the mobile gateway, where the second N4 session establishment request includes the information of the second QoS flow. Service instance identification and information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the TN QoS parameters of the newly added QoS flow can be determined according to the TN QoS parameters and the service type of the QoS flow, and the mapping rules of the access network equipment and the mobile gateway, which is beneficial to the transmission process.
  • the network provides QoS guarantee for the transmission of service data packets with new QoS flow.
  • the method further includes: the session management function network element receiving a second session modification request from the access network device, the second session modification request requesting to modify the session in the session a third QoS flow; the session management function network element sends a path modification request to the transport network control network element, where the path modification request includes the service instance identifier of the third QoS flow and the second TN QoS parameter, the The second TN QoS parameter of the third QoS flow is determined according to the TN QoS parameter mapped with the second service type of the third QoS flow, the access network device and the mobile gateway; the session management function network element receives a path modification response from the transmission network control network element, the path modification response includes the service instance identifier of the third QoS flow and the information of the second TN transmission path; the session management function network element reports to the The access network device sends a second session resource modification request, where the second session resource modification request includes the service instance identifier of the third QoS flow and the information of the second TN
  • the method further includes: the session management function network element sends an N4 session modification request to the mobile gateway, where the N4 session modification request includes the service instance identifier of the third QoS flow and the Information on the second TN transmission path.
  • the new TN QoS parameters corresponding to the changed QoS flow can be determined according to the TN QoS parameters and the service type of the QoS flow, the mapping rules of the access network equipment and the mobile gateway, It is beneficial to provide QoS guarantee for the transmission of service data packets with changed QoS flow in the transmission network.
  • the method further includes: the session management function network element receiving a third session modification request from the access network device, the third session modification request requesting to delete the session in the session The fourth QoS flow; the session management function network element sends a path release request to the transport network control network element, where the path release request includes the service instance identifier of the fourth QoS flow.
  • the session management function network element requests the transmission network control network element to release the TN transmission path of the deleted QoS flow, which is conducive to saving processing resources and bandwidth resources.
  • the method further includes: the session management function network element receiving a path release notification from the transport network control network element, where the path release notification includes a fifth QoS flow in the session the service instance identifier; the session management function network element releases the fifth QoS flow, or reselects a mobile gateway for the session.
  • the session management function network element releases the QoS flow, or reselects the mobile gateway for the session, which is conducive to improving communication quality and meeting communication requirements.
  • the TN QoS parameters include at least one of the following: scheduling priority, transmission delay, packet error rate, maximum flow rate, and guaranteed flow rate.
  • one or more of scheduling priority, transmission delay, packet error rate, maximum flow rate, guaranteed flow rate, etc. can be used to provide QoS for the transmission of QoS flow service data packets in the transmission network. It is beneficial to improve the transmission quality of service data packets.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, the method includes: a transmission network control network element receives a first path establishment request from a session management function network element, where the first path establishment request includes an access network device's The identifier, the identifier of the mobile gateway, the service instance identifier of the first QoS flow, and the TN QoS parameter of the first transmission network; the transmission network control network element, according to the first TN QoS parameter of the first QoS flow, The first TN transmission path is determined between the network device and the mobile gateway for the first QoS flow; the transmission network control network element sends a first path establishment response to the session management function network element, and the first path establishment The response includes the service instance identifier of the first QoS flow and the information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the method further includes: the transport network control network element receiving a second path establishment request from the session management function network element, where the second path establishment request includes the access network The identifier of the device, the identifier of the mobile gateway, the service instance identifier of the second QoS flow and the first TN QoS parameter; the transmission network control network element according to the first TN QoS parameter of the second QoS flow, in the A first TN transmission path is determined between the access network device and the mobile gateway for the second QoS flow; the transmission network control network element sends a second path establishment response to the session management function network element, and the second The path establishment response includes the service instance identifier of the second QoS flow and the information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the transport network control network element, a path modification request from the session management function network element, where the path modification request includes the service instance identifier of the third QoS flow and the second TN QoS parameter; the transmission network control network element determines a second TN QoS parameter between the access network device and the mobile gateway for the third QoS flow according to the second TN QoS parameter of the third QoS flow TN transmission path;
  • the transport network control network element sends a path modification response to the session management function network element, where the path modification response includes the service instance identifier of the third QoS flow and the information of the second TN transmission path.
  • the method further includes: the transport network control network element receiving a path release request from the session management function network element, where the path release request includes a service instance identifier of the fourth QoS flow;
  • the transmission network controls the network element to release the TN transmission path of the fourth QoS flow.
  • the method further includes: when the transport network controller determines that there is a fifth QoS flow in which the TN transmission path does not meet the TN QoS parameters, the transport network controller sends a message to the session management function The network element sends a path release notification, where the path release notification includes the service instance identifier of the fifth QoS flow.
  • the TN QoS parameters include at least one of the following: scheduling priority, transmission delay, packet error rate, maximum flow rate, and guaranteed flow rate.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, the method comprising: a network management network element receiving a quality of service QoS configuration request from a session management function network element, where the QoS configuration request includes a QoS configuration request managed by the session management function network element The identification of one or more mobile gateways; the network management network element sends a QoS configuration response to the session management function network element, and the QoS configuration response includes the TN QoS parameters and QoS flow corresponding to the one or more mobile gateways service type, access network equipment and mapping rules for mobile gateways.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, the device has a function of implementing the first aspect or any possible method in the design of the first aspect, and the function can be implemented by hardware, or can be implemented by hardware Execute the corresponding software implementation.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more units (modules) corresponding to the above functions, such as a communication unit and a processing unit.
  • the device may be a chip or an integrated circuit.
  • the apparatus includes a processor and an interface circuit, the processor is coupled to the interface circuit, and is configured to implement the functions of the first aspect or the method in any possible design of the first aspect.
  • the interface circuit can be a transceiver or an input-output interface.
  • the apparatus may also include a memory storing a program executable by the processor for implementing the functions of the above-described first aspect or any possible method-in-design of the first aspect.
  • the apparatus may be a session management function network element.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, the device has a function of implementing the second aspect or any possible method in the design of the second aspect, and the function may be implemented by hardware or by hardware Execute the corresponding software implementation.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more units (modules) corresponding to the above functions, such as a communication unit and a processing unit.
  • the device may be a chip or an integrated circuit.
  • the apparatus includes a processor and an interface circuit, the processor is coupled to the interface circuit, and is configured to implement the functions of the second aspect or the method in any possible design of the second aspect.
  • the interface circuit can be a transceiver or an input-output interface.
  • the apparatus may further comprise a memory storing a program executable by the processor for implementing the functions of the above-described second aspect or any possible method-in-design of the second aspect.
  • the apparatus may control network elements for the transport network.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, the device has a function of implementing the method of the third aspect, and the function may be implemented by hardware, or by executing corresponding software in hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more units (modules) corresponding to the above functions, such as a communication unit and a processing unit.
  • the device may be a chip or an integrated circuit.
  • the apparatus includes a processor and an interface circuit, the processor is coupled to the interface circuit, and is used for implementing the functions of the method of the third aspect.
  • the interface circuit can be a transceiver or an input-output interface.
  • the apparatus may further include a memory storing a program executable by the processor for implementing the functions of the method of the third aspect.
  • the device may be a network management network element.
  • the session management function network element configured to receive a session establishment request from an access network device, where the session established by the session establishment request request includes a first quality of service QoS flow;
  • the session management function network element is further configured to send a first path establishment request to the transmission network control network element, where the first path establishment request includes the identification of the access network device, the identification of the mobile gateway selected for the session.
  • the transmission network control network element is configured to receive the first path establishment request, and according to the first TN QoS parameter of the first QoS flow, between the access network device and the mobile gateway, the first path is set for the first path.
  • a QoS flow determines the first TN transmission path;
  • the transmission network control network element is further configured to send a first path establishment response to the session management function network element, where the first path establishment response includes the service instance identifier of the first QoS flow and the first TN transmission path Information;
  • the session management function network element is further configured to receive the first path establishment response, and send a session resource establishment request to the access network device, where the session resource establishment request includes the service instance identifier of the first QoS flow and first TN transmission path information.
  • the session management function network element is further configured to send a first N4 session establishment request to the mobile gateway, where the first N4 session establishment request includes the service instance identifier of the first QoS flow and first TN transmission path information.
  • the session management function network element is further configured to send a QoS configuration request to the network management network element, where the QoS configuration request includes an identifier of one or more mobile gateways managed by the session management function network element ;
  • the network management network element is configured to receive the QoS configuration request, and send a QoS configuration response to the session management function network element, where the QoS configuration response includes the TN QoS parameters and QoS corresponding to the one or more mobile gateways
  • the session management function network element is further configured to receive the QoS configuration response.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, the system includes at least two of a session management function network element, a transmission network control network element, and a network management network element, wherein the session management function network element can perform the above-mentioned first step.
  • the transmission network control network element may execute the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect, and the network management network element The method described in the third aspect above may be performed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium having a method for executing the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, or A computer program or instruction for executing the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect, or executing the method described in the third aspect above.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instruction, when the computer program or instruction is executed, the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect can be implemented
  • a computer program product including a computer program or instruction, when the computer program or instruction is executed, the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect can be implemented
  • the method described in, or the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect is implemented, or the method described in the third aspect is implemented.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system, the chip system includes: a processor and an interface, the processor is configured to call and run a computer program from the interface, and when the processor executes the As a computer program, the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect can be implemented, or the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect can be implemented, Or implement the method described in the third aspect above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the deployment structure of a mobile communication system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 provides a schematic diagram of a VLAN frame header according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an IPv4 packet header provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is one of the schematic diagrams of network slicing provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is the second schematic diagram of network slicing provided by this embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a system for arranging and managing network slices according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a method for obtaining a QoS configuration provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a QoS configuration update method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a method for reporting transport layer information provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of data packet forwarding provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a method for increasing QoS flow in a session provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of a method for modifying QoS flow in a session provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is a schematic diagram of a method for modifying a PDU session provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a method for deleting a QoS flow in a session provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a path release method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is one of schematic diagrams of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is the second schematic diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application can be applied to various mobile communication systems, such as 5G mobile communication systems, 4G and 5G integrated mobile communication systems, or to future mobile communication systems or other similar mobile communication systems, such as 6G mobile communication system, mobile communication private network system, etc.
  • the architecture of the mobile communication system to which the embodiments of the present application are applied may be as shown in FIG. 2 , including: a terminal device part and an operator network part.
  • the operator network may include network management network elements, access and mobility management function (AMF) network elements, session management function (session management function, SMF) network elements, and user plane function (user plane function) network elements.
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • SMF session management function
  • user plane function user plane function
  • UPF transmission network control network element
  • access network equipment access network equipment
  • forwarding equipment etc.
  • Terminal equipment also known as user equipment (UE)
  • UE user equipment
  • UE user equipment
  • the terminal device may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (pad), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal, an industrial control (industrial control) wireless terminals in ), wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety , wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc.
  • a virtual reality virtual reality, VR
  • augmented reality augmented reality
  • industrial control industrial control
  • the various terminal devices described above if they are located on the vehicle (for example, placed in the vehicle or installed in the vehicle), can be considered as on-board terminal equipment.
  • the on-board terminal equipment is also called on-board unit (OBU). ).
  • Access network equipment also known as (radio) access network ((R)AN) equipment, is a device that provides wireless communication functions for terminal equipment. Incoming, terminal equipment message transmission, terminal equipment mobility management and other functions.
  • Access network equipment includes but is not limited to: 5G base station (gnodeB, gNB), evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB), radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B (node B, NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB), base band unit (base band unit, BBU) ), transmission point (transmitting and receiving point, TRP), transmitting point (transmitting point, TP), mobile switching center, etc.
  • 5G base station gnodeB, gNB
  • evolved node B evolved node B, eNB
  • RNC radio network controller
  • node B node B
  • the access network device may include a centralized unit (centralized unit, CU) node and a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU) node.
  • CU centralized unit
  • DU distributed unit
  • the functions of some protocol layers of the access network equipment are centralized and controlled by the CU, and the functions of the remaining part or all of the protocol layers are distributed in the DU, and the DU is centrally controlled by the CU.
  • the network management network element mainly manages each network element of the core network, and provides functions such as configuration management, alarm management, performance management, topology management, software management, security and log management of each core network element (such as AMF network element, SMF network element, etc.) .
  • the TN QoS constraint parameters of each type of service can be configured, and the configuration can be synchronized with the SMF network element.
  • the AMF network element is the control plane network element provided by the operator network. It is responsible for terminal equipment access management and mobility management, access network equipment management, SMF network element selection, and forwarding of messages between access network equipment and SMF network elements. and other functions.
  • the SMF network element is the control plane network element provided by the operator network. It mainly provides terminal equipment session management, interconnection protocol (IP) address allocation and management between terminal equipment networks, UPF network element selection, and downlink data notification. and other functions.
  • IP interconnection protocol
  • the UPF network element is the gateway provided by the operator, and is the gateway for the communication between the operator's network and the data network (DN). It mainly provides functions such as DN anchor point, packet routing and forwarding, packet detection, packet QoS processing, and packet transport layer packet marking.
  • Transmission network control network elements also known as transmission network controllers, transmission network control equipment or bearer network control equipment, etc., generally provide the functions of network management and software defined network (SDN) controllers, and provide the functions of transmission network. Configuration, alarm, performance management, traffic engineering (traffic engineering, TE) management, network analysis and other functions.
  • SDN software defined network
  • the forwarding device may be a router (router), a switch, or other device with a data exchange and forwarding function.
  • network elements or devices may be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (eg, a cloud platform).
  • a platform eg, a cloud platform
  • the foregoing network element or function may be implemented by one device, or may be implemented jointly by multiple devices, or may be a functional module in one device, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • 5G network architecture is only an example of a possible network architecture to which the technical solutions provided in this application are applicable, and the technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future network architectures or other similar network architectures, such as 6G network architectures, etc. .
  • QoS flow QoS in the 5G mobile communication system is the most fine-grained forwarding processing. All traffic mapped to the same QoS flow gets the same forwarding treatment. (Scheduling policy, queue management policy, rate shaping policy, radio link control protocol (radio link control, RLC) configuration, etc.) Different QoS forwarding processes require separate QoS flows.
  • 5G QoS identifier 5G QoS identifier, 5QI
  • 5G QoS identifier 5G QoS identifier, 5QI
  • the 5G mobile communication system defines different QoS parameter sets and requirements for different services. For each parameter set, a 5QI access network and core network use 5QI and data packets of each type of service (also called 5QI). data packets) are associated, and the corresponding QoS guarantee processing is performed during internal processing.
  • the 5G standard predefines QoS parameter sets for some services, and supports user-defined QoS parameter sets.
  • the following table 1 shows the 5QI of some 5G predefined services and the corresponding QoS parameter set requirements, where 5QI Value represents the 5QI value, Resource Type represents the resource type, Default Priority Level represents the default priority, Packet Delay Budget represents the packet delay budget, Packet Error Rate represents the packet error rate, Default Maximum Data Burst Volume represents the default maximum data burst volume, Default Averaging Window represents the default average window, and Example Services represents the sample service.
  • Differentiated services code point (differentiated services code point, DSCP) and virtual local area network primary key (virtual local area network pri, VLAN pri).
  • the transmission network (also referred to as the bearer network) is mainly an IP radio access network (IP radio access network, IPRAN) and a slicing packet network (SPN) network based on IP technology.
  • IP radio access network IP radio access network
  • SPN slicing packet network
  • the connection with access network equipment and core network equipment generally uses virtual private network (VPN) technology at the second layer (data link layer), and uses IP technology at the third layer (network layer).
  • QoS parameters Virtual local area network (VLAN) frames are used between Layer 2 devices.
  • the primary key (PRI) field ie 802.1p priority
  • the class of service (CoS) field identifies the quality of service requirements.
  • the location of the PRI field (also referred to as the pri field) in the VLAN frame is shown in FIG. 3 .
  • a 3-bit (bits) long PRI field is included in the 802.1Q header.
  • the PRI field defines 8 service priority CoSs, which are 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, and 0 in descending order of priority.
  • IP packets are used between Layer 3 devices.
  • RFC1349 redefines the type of service (ToS) field in IP packets, adding C bits to represent the transmission overhead (monetary cost).
  • the IETF DiffServ working group redefines bits 0 to 5 in the ToS field of the Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) header as DSCP in RFC2474, and renamed the ToS field to Differentiated Service (DS). )byte.
  • IPv4 Internet Protocol Version 4
  • DS Differentiated Service
  • the location of the DSCP in the message is shown in Figure 4.
  • the first 6 bits (0 to 5 bits) of the DS field are used as DSCP, and the last 2 bits (6 bits, 7 bits) are reserved bits.
  • the first three bits (bits 0 to 2) of the DS field are the class selector code point (CSCP), and the same CSCP value represents a class of DSCP.
  • CSCP class selector code point
  • Network slicing is an on-demand networking method that allows operators to separate multiple virtual end-to-end networks on a unified infrastructure, and each end-to-end network can have different Network functions, adapt to different types of service requirements.
  • operators can use physical resources to virtualize an eMBB slicing network and a mMTC slicing network for mass Internet services, and the two slicing networks provide services for different service scenarios respectively.
  • a network slice is an end-to-end complete logical network.
  • each network slice may include a radio access network sub-slice, a transmission network sub-slice, and a core network sub-slice, and the radio access network sub-slice , the transmission network and then to the core network are logically isolated.
  • Scheduling priority in the case of congestion, the priority is used to select which service (such as QoS flow) to be prioritized; in the case of no congestion, the scheduling priority is used to define the resource allocation and allocation between services. schedule.
  • Transmission delay also known as packet delay budget (PDB), packet delay budget, defines the possible delay of a packet between the access network device and the mobile network element (terminating N6 interface). time limit.
  • PDB packet delay budget
  • its uplink and downlink PDB values may be the same or different; for the same service, access network devices and/or mobile gateways of different types/locations may be configured with different PDB values.
  • the packet error rate (PER) defines the transmission rate of the downlink data packets that are not successfully delivered to the upper-layer service instance of the access network device or the uplink data packets are not successfully delivered to the upper-layer service instance of the mobile gateway. The upper limit of the proportion in the total data packets.
  • Segment routing IPv6, SRv6 based on the IPv6 forwarding plane is a protocol designed based on the concept of source routing to forward IPv6 packets on the network.
  • SRv6 inserts a segment routing header (SRH) into the IPv6 packet, pushes an explicit IPv6 address stack into the SRH, and continuously updates the destination address and offset address stack through the intermediate nodes. Complete hop-by-hop forwarding.
  • SRv6 is one of the key technologies of 5G TN network.
  • SRv6 TE policy is a new tunnel diversion technology developed on the basis of SRv6 technology.
  • the SRv6 TE Policy path is represented as a segment list (segment list) of the specified path, called the SID list (segment ID list).
  • SID list is an end-to-end path from source to destination, and instructs devices in the network to follow the specified path instead of following the shortest path computed by the interior gateway protocol (IGP).
  • IGP interior gateway protocol
  • SRv6 TE Policy consists of the following three parts headends: Nodes generated by SRv6 TE Policy. Color: Extended community attribute carried by SRv6 TE Policy. End point: the destination address of the SRv6 TE Policy.
  • the Color attribute defines a network SLA policy, and a network path can be planned based on a specific business service-level agreement (SLA). Color's commonly used parameter sets include: bandwidth, delay, packet loss rate, jitter, etc.
  • SLA business service-level agreement
  • Each SRv6 TE Policy is uniquely identified by a binding SID.
  • the communication schemes for realizing the transmission of business data messages mainly include the following:
  • each forwarding device in the transmission network binds the VLAN Pri/IP DSCP carried in the data packet with the internal priority of the device, so that the forwarding device can provide differentiated QoS according to the VLAN Pri/IP DSCP.
  • the internal priority of the device also known as the local priority, is the priority of the device to distinguish the service level of the data packet, which is generally called per hop behavior (PHB).
  • PHB per hop behavior
  • the RFC defines four types of standard PHB, and use CS, EF, AF, BE are represented by symbols, and each type of PHB corresponds to a set of DSCP.
  • network planners need to plan the 5QI and VLAN Pri/IP DSCP mapping relationships on access network equipment and mobile gateways (such as UPF network elements) according to business requirements.
  • access network equipment and mobile gateways such as UPF network elements
  • the preset mapping relationship is searched according to the 5QI corresponding to the data packet of this type of service, and the VLAN Pri/IP DSCP field in the data packet is filled in to Guarantee the required QoS guarantee when data packets pass through the transport network.
  • the following table 2 is a typical mapping relationship:
  • the set of QoS parameters defined by 5QI cannot correspond to the QoS parameters defined by VLAN Pri and IP DSCP mapped to PHB inside the forwarding device.
  • Network planners need to map them according to actual experience, so the QoS constraints after mapping are inconsistent.
  • a service data flow generally passes through an access network device in the access network, multiple forwarding devices in the transmission network, and a mobile gateway in the core network.
  • the access network and core network equipment can guarantee the service QoS, but the transmission network needs to pass through multiple forwarding devices.
  • the current QoS mapping mechanism can only constrain the QoS guarantee of each forwarding device in the transmission network, and cannot provide the entire transmission network. QoS guarantees on the forwarding path.
  • the second scheme realizes the QoS guarantee of the transmission network through the network slicing mechanism.
  • network slicing introduces a new unified orchestration and management system to support the rapid deployment, collaborative work and full life cycle management of slices.
  • the new management system must have on-demand customization capabilities for network slicing, automatic slicing deployment capabilities, end-to-end slicing monitoring and collaboration capabilities, and slicing intelligent operation and maintenance capabilities.
  • the protocol definition consists of a communication service management function (CSMF), a network slice management function (NSMF), and a network slice subnet management function (NSSMF)
  • CSMF communication service management function
  • NSMF network slice management function
  • NSSMF network slice subnet management function
  • Network slicing includes device isolation, network-level reliability, and independent operations. Different network slices require advance planning and design of network slice templates. Establishing a network slicing network for services that require type QoS consumes more resources and costs more. In addition, in the network slicing architecture, the transport network sub-network slicing still provides QoS guarantee at the network granularity. In the case that there are multiple types of services requiring different types of QoS in the sub-network slice of the transmission network, service-level QoS guarantee cannot be provided for various types of services.
  • the SMF network element needs to select a suitable UPF network element from the UPF network element set for the user when the user service bearer is established.
  • the SMF network element can locally configure the information of the available UPF network element, and can also discover the UPF network element instance from the network function (network function, NF) storage function (NF repository function, NRF) network element.
  • network function network function, NF
  • NRF network repository function
  • the SMF NE can consider the following parameters and information for UPF NE selection: the dynamic load of the UPF NE, the UPF NE load analyzed by the network data analytics function (NWDAF), the terminal Device location information, relative static capacity between UPF network elements supporting the same DNN, UPF network element location available on SMF network elements, end device location information, PDU session type, PDU session selection session and service continuity (session) and service continuity (SSC) mode, terminal equipment subscription information in user data management (UDM) network elements, policy and charging control (policy and charging control, PCC) rules, local operator policies, slice flags such as Parameters such as single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI), the access technology being used by the terminal device, user plane topology, and user plane endpoint related information.
  • NWDAF network data analytics function
  • PCC policy and charging control
  • slice flags such as Parameters such as single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI), the access technology being used by the terminal device, user plane topology, and user plane endpoint related
  • the parameters of the current SMF network element to select the UPF network element are mainly the information that can be collected and configured in the 5G core network, but the QoS information of the transmission network used by the UPF network element is not referred to. Therefore, in the actual selection, a UPF network element may be selected, and the transmission network path between the UPF network element and the network device to which the terminal device belongs cannot meet the service QoS requirements of the terminal device.
  • the transmission network cannot provide corresponding QoS guarantees for services of different levels according to the QoS requirements defined by the mobile communication system services, resulting in that the services cannot obtain end-to-end QoS guarantees.
  • the existing technical solution 1 cannot solve the problem of consistent QoS of the access network, the core network and the transmission network; the existing technical solution 2 is too granular to solve the problem of service-level QoS guarantee; the existing technical solution 3 cannot guarantee the service transmission path on the QoS requirements.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a communication solution that unifies the definition of service QoS in the access network, transmission network and core network, and according to the definition, provides services with different QoS requirements in the transmission network for the transmission of corresponding service data packets.
  • QoS guarantee so as to provide end-to-end QoS guarantee for services in the entire mobile communication system.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the method includes:
  • the session management function network element receives a session establishment request from an access network device, where the session establishment request requested to establish a session includes one or more first QoS flows.
  • the terminal device When an application (such as a voice call application, video application, etc.) on the terminal device is started, it will trigger the terminal device to request to establish a new session (such as requesting to establish a new PDU session) for transmission between the terminal device and the server. data.
  • the session requested by the terminal device may include one or more QoS flows, and each QoS flow has a corresponding 5QI, that is, QoS parameter requirements (such as packet delay budget requirements, etc. ).
  • the access network device after receiving a session establishment request (such as a PDU session establishment request) from a terminal device, the access network device first forwards (or transparently transmits) the received session establishment request to a mobility management network element (such as a PDU session establishment request).
  • a mobility management network element such as a PDU session establishment request.
  • AMF network element the mobile management network element selects the session management function network element, and forwards (or transparently transmits) the session establishment request to the selected session management function network element, and the session management function network element selects the mobile gateway (such as the UPF network element). element) to establish a session for the terminal device.
  • the mobility management network element may create a session management (session management, SM) context request (Nsmf_PDU session_create SM context request) through a PDU session, and forward the session establishment request to the session management function network element, wherein the PDU session creates a session management
  • the context request carries the session establishment request.
  • the mobility management network element carries the access network device when forwarding the session establishment request to the session management function network element.
  • ID such as ID, IP address, etc.
  • the session management function network element sends a first path establishment request to a transmission network control network element, and the transmission network control network element receives the first path establishment request, where the first path establishment request includes the access The identity of the network device, the identity of the mobile gateway selected for the session, the service instance identity of the one or more first QoS flows, and the first TN QoS parameters.
  • the first TN QoS parameter of the first QoS flow is determined according to the TN QoS parameter mapped with the first service type of the first QoS flow, the access network device and the mobile gateway.
  • the network management network element can configure the TN QoS parameters of each service, that is, configure the TN QoS parameters of each QoS flow.
  • each QoS flow may be identified by ⁇ ID of access network device, ID of mobile gateway, service type>, and the configuration rules may be access network device, mobile gateway, service type (such as 5QI) and TN Mapping rules for QoS parameters, TN QoS parameters can be obtained by subtracting the air interface overhead of the corresponding access network equipment and mobile gateway from the end-to-end QoS parameters corresponding to the service type.
  • the TN QoS parameters may include one or more of scheduling priority, transmission delay, packet error rate, maximum flow rate, guaranteed flow rate, and the like.
  • each QoS flow can be identified by ⁇ ID of access network device, ID of mobile gateway, service type>, where the The identifier or the identifier of the mobile gateway can be a full match. For example, a value of 0 indicates a full match, that is, it is applicable to all access network devices or mobile gateways.
  • the definition of the TN QoS parameters of each QoS flow in the network management network element can be as follows:
  • the first ⁇ 0, 0, 1> corresponds to ⁇ 1, 3ms, 0.01% ⁇ ;
  • the second ⁇ 0, 0, 2> corresponds to ⁇ 3, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇ ;
  • the third ⁇ 4, 8, 2> corresponds to ⁇ 3, 50ms, 0.1% ⁇ ;
  • the fourth ⁇ 4, 12, 2> corresponds to ⁇ 3, 10ms, 0.1% ⁇ ;
  • the fifth ⁇ 0, 0, 3> corresponds to ⁇ 1, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇ .
  • the first ⁇ 0, 0, 1> corresponding to ⁇ 1, 3ms, 0.01% ⁇ as an example, it represents the TN QoS parameters of the QoS flow corresponding to any access network device, any mobile gateway, and the service type (such as 5QI) is 1
  • the scheduling priority is 1, the transmission delay is 3ms and the packet error rate is 0.01%.
  • the session management function network element obtains the mapping rules of the TN QoS parameters corresponding to one or more mobile gateways managed by itself, the service type of QoS flow, the access network equipment and the mobile gateway.
  • the session management function network element may send a QoS configuration request to the network management network element after startup, and the QoS configuration request carries the identifiers of one or more managed mobile gateways.
  • the network management network element receives the QoS configuration request from the session management function network element, according to the identification of one or more mobile gateways carried in the QoS configuration request, query the TN QoS parameters and QoS parameters corresponding to the one or more mobile gateways.
  • the service type of the flow, the mapping rules of the access network equipment and the mobile gateway are returned to the session management function network element through the QoS configuration response, and the session management function network element saves the QoS configuration carried in the QoS configuration response, that is, saves the The mapping rules of the TN QoS parameters corresponding to one or more mobile gateways and the service types of QoS flow, access network equipment and mobile gateways.
  • the identifier of the session management function network element is 21, and the mobile network element managed by the session management function network element has three identifiers, namely 1, 2, and 8.
  • the network management network element will include the first ⁇ 0, 0, 1> corresponding to ⁇ 1, 3ms, 0.01% ⁇ , the second ⁇ 0, 0, 2> corresponding to ⁇ 3, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇ , the third ⁇ 0, 0, 2> corresponding to ⁇ 3, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇ , and the third ⁇ 4, 8, 2> corresponds to ⁇ 3, 50ms, 0.1% ⁇ , the fifth ⁇ 0, 0, 3> corresponds to the QoS configuration of ⁇ 1, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇ , and sends it to the session management function network through the QoS configuration response Yuan.
  • the network management network element can also send multiple QoS configuration responses to the session management function network element, and mark in the first QoS configuration response there are subsequent QoS configuration responses, and finally A QoS configuration response indicates that there is no subsequent QoS configuration response.
  • the session management function network element when the session management function network element adds a managed mobile gateway, it can obtain the TN QoS parameters corresponding to the newly added mobile gateway, the service type of QoS flow, and the mapping rules between the access network equipment and the mobile gateway from the network management network element. It is only necessary to carry the identifier of the newly added mobile gateway in the QoS configuration request.
  • the network management network element can send a QoS configuration update request (such as service QoS config update request) to the session management function network element, and the changed TN QoS parameters and QoS flow service types, access network equipment And the change information of the mapping rule of the mobile gateway is sent to the session management function network element.
  • a QoS configuration update request such as service QoS config update request
  • the session management function network element After the session management function network element receives the QoS configuration update request, it will update the TN QoS parameters that have changed in the saved QoS configuration and the service type of QoS flow, Mapping rules between access network devices and mobile gateways, and can return a QoS configuration update response (such as service QoS update response) to the network management network element to inform the network management network element that the QoS configuration update is complete.
  • a QoS configuration update response such as service QoS update response
  • ⁇ 0, 0, 3> corresponding to ⁇ 1, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇ configured in the network management network element changes, and is updated to ⁇ 0, 0, 3> corresponding to ⁇ 2, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇
  • the network management network element can send a message to the session management function network element that carries ⁇ 0, 0, 3> corresponding to ⁇ 1, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇ is updated to ⁇ 0, 0, 3> corresponding to the QoS configuration update request of ⁇ 2, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇ , requesting the session management function network element to update the saved ⁇ 0, 0, 3> corresponding to ⁇ 1, 100ms , 0.1% ⁇ .
  • the session management function network element receives the QoS configuration update request, and updates ⁇ 0, 0, 3> corresponding to ⁇ 1, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇ to ⁇ 0, 0, 3> corresponding to ⁇ 2, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇ , and can Return the QoS configuration update response to the network management network element to complete the update of the QoS configuration.
  • the session management function network element After the session management function network element receives the session establishment request, it will select a mobile gateway for the session, and according to the access network equipment, the mobile gateway selected for the session, and the service of each first QoS flow in the session requested to be established Type (such as 5QI), determine the first TN QoS parameter of each first QoS flow in the session.
  • the control network element configures the TN transmission path for each first QoS flow.
  • the session management function network element when the session management function network element selects a mobile gateway for a session, it may consider whether a first TN QoS parameter that satisfies one or more first QoS flows can be established between the access network device and the mobile gateway. TN transmission path factor.
  • the session management function network element can first select the mobile gateway subset corresponding to the access point name (APN) to which the session belongs in the managed mobile gateway set; The mobile gateway subset of the slice where the session is located; again, select the mobile gateway subset that supports the access network equipment where the session is located in the selected mobile gateway set; The mobile gateway of the TN transmission path of the first TN QoS parameter of the first QoS flow is used as an optional subset; finally, in the selected mobile gateway set, according to the load and weight of the mobile gateway, a mobile gateway is selected as the serving mobile gateway. And the information of one or more TN transmission paths corresponding to the mobile gateway and meeting the first TN QoS parameters of one or more first QoS flows in the session can be carried in the first path establishment request.
  • APN access point name
  • the session management function network element when the session management function network element selects a mobile gateway for a session, it may not consider whether a first TN that satisfies one or more first QoS flows can be established between the access network device and the mobile gateway.
  • the factors of the TN transmission path of the QoS parameters for example, directly according to the server corresponding to the session, selecting the mobile gateway associated with the server or selecting the mobile gateway that supports the slice where the session is located.
  • the transmission network control network element For each first QoS flow in the one or more first QoS flows, the transmission network control network element, according to the first TN QoS parameter of the first QoS flow, configures the access network device and the mobile gateway to determine a first TN transmission path for the first QoS flow.
  • the transmission network control network element can obtain the QoS information between adjacent forwarding devices (including but not limited to transmission delay, packet error rate, jitter, transmission bandwidth, packet loss rate, etc.)
  • the QoS information between adjacent forwarding devices is calculated between the designated access network device and the mobile gateway, and the TN transmission path that satisfies certain TN QoS parameters is calculated.
  • the terminal device is registered on the access network device 1, the session requested to be established includes QoS flow1 and QoS flow2, the service type (such as 5QI) is 1 and 2 respectively, and the session management function network element is the mobile gateway selected by the session.
  • the identifier is 8, and the TN QoS parameter 1 corresponding to QoS flow1 is determined to be ⁇ 1, 3ms, 0.01% ⁇ , and the TN QoS parameter 2 corresponding to QoS flow2 is ⁇ 3, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇ .
  • the transmission network control network element can also adjust the TN transmission path for the first QoS flow to make it meet the first TN QoS parameter requirements of the first QoS flow, and if it cannot be satisfied, then re-establish a new one that satisfies the first QoS flow. Path required by TN QoS parameters.
  • the access network device and/or the mobile gateway may report the device (or network element) information to the transmission network control network element after startup or periodically.
  • Transport layer information may be reported to the transmission network control network element after startup or periodically.
  • the access network device or the mobile gateway can send a node transport network update message (such as a node TN info update message) to the transport network control network element according to a set period, and the message carries the device type, device identifier, transmission layer information (such as the SRv6ID address of the transmission interface, the VLAN of the transmission interface, etc.); after the transmission network control network element receives the node transmission network update message, it saves the transmission layer information of the access network device or mobile gateway, and can send it to the access network device or mobile gateway.
  • the mobile gateway returns the node transmission network update result message (such as the node TN info update result message), carrying the reception success identifier.
  • the transport network control network element can collect the mobile communication system through the border gateway protocol (BGP) link state (link-state, LS).
  • BGP border gateway protocol
  • link-state, LS link-state
  • BGP border gateway protocol
  • NLRI SRv6 network layer reachability information
  • the type of the access network device can be set to 1, and the identifier can be set to the access network device Id defined in the 3GPP protocol; the type of the mobile gateway can be set to 2, and the identifier can be set to the mobile gateway Id defined in the 3GPP protocol.
  • the transport network controller establishes the mapping relationship between the mobile gateway Id/access network device Id and the respective underlying SRv6 SIDs.
  • the transport network controller may set the saved mobile gateway ID/access network ID/access network.
  • the transmission network control network element sends a first path establishment response to the session management function network element, and the session management function network element receives the first path establishment response, where the first path establishment response includes the One or more service instance identifiers of the first QoS flow and information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the session management function network element sends a session resource establishment request to the access network device, where the session resource establishment request includes the service instance identifiers of the one or more first QoS flows and the identifiers of the first TN transmission paths. information.
  • the session management function network element establishes a response through the first path from the transmission network control network element, and after obtaining the service instance identifiers of one or more first QoS flows and the information of the first TN transmission path, it can pass the information of the first TN transmission path through the mobile management network element.
  • the session resource establishment request transmitted to the access network device carries the service instance identifier of the one or more first QoS flows and the information of the first TN transmission path, and transmits the first TN of the one or more first QoS flows
  • the information of the path is sent to the access network device.
  • the session management function network element receives the first path establishment response from the transmission network control network element, it also
  • the first N4 session establishment request (such as N4 Session modify request) can be sent to the mobile gateway, and the first N4 session establishment request carrying the service instance identifier of the one or more first QoS flows and the information of the first TN transmission path can be sent to the mobile gateway.
  • N4 refers to the interface between the mobile gateway and the session management function network element, which can be used to transmit the mobile gateway and the session management function network element. Control plane information between elements.
  • the access network device and the mobile gateway can realize the forwarding of the received uplink data message or downlink data message according to the information of the first TN transmission path of one or more first QoS flows in the session.
  • the information of the first TN transmission path may be specific routing information of the transmission path.
  • FIG. 12 there are two TN transmission paths from the access network device 1 to the mobile gateway 8, and the QoS
  • the TN transmission path corresponding to flow1 is the one indicated by the arrow, the corresponding path is identified as Bingding ID 11, and the corresponding routing information is head node: 2000::1, tail node: 2000::8, SID List: 2000:: 11, 2000::12, 2000::14.
  • the access network device 1 sends the data packet of the QoS flow1 from the terminal device
  • the source (source) in the IP HDR is respectively ) address is set to 2000::1
  • the destination (dst) address is set to the next hop node 2000::11
  • the SID List in SRH (SRv6 Hdr) is set to 2000::12, 2000::14 and the destination address 2000 ::8, and then perform IP routing forwarding
  • the Dst address in the IP header is set to the latest address 2000::12 in the SRH header, and IP routing is forwarded;
  • the Dst address in the IP header is set to the latest address 2000::14 in the SRH header. Perform IP routing forwarding;
  • the Dst address in the IP header is set to the latest address 2000::8 in the SRH header, and IP routing is forwarded;
  • the target address is the same as the current node address, and the data packet is not forwarded, and the data packet is handed over to the high-level protocol for processing.
  • the information on the first TN transmission path may also be a path identifier (such as Bingding ID). If the information on the first TN transmission path is a path identifier, the transmission network control network element also needs to assign the path The identification and corresponding specific routing information are delivered to the access network device and the mobile gateway.
  • a path identifier such as Bingding ID
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a method for establishing a PDU session. The method includes:
  • the access network device forwards the PDU session establishment request (eg, PDU session establishment request) from the terminal device to the mobility management network element.
  • PDU session establishment request eg, PDU session establishment request
  • the session established by the session establishment request request includes one or more first QoS flows.
  • the mobility management network element sends a PDU session creation session management context request (such as Nsmf_PDU session_create SM context request) to the selected session management function network element, and carries the identity of the access network device in the PDU session creation session management context request and the PDU session creation request.
  • a PDU session creation session management context request such as Nsmf_PDU session_create SM context request
  • the session management function network element sends a PDU session creation session management context response (such as Nsmf_PDU session_create SM context response) to the mobility management network element.
  • a PDU session creation session management context response such as Nsmf_PDU session_create SM context response
  • the session management function network element selects a mobile gateway.
  • the session management function network element sends a first path establishment request (such as a service path establish request) to the transmission network control network element.
  • the first path establishment request includes the identity of the access network device, the identity of the mobile gateway, the service instance identity of the one or more first QoS flows and the first TN QoS parameters.
  • the transmission network control network element sends a first path establishment response (such as a service path establish response) to the session management function network element.
  • the first path establishment response includes the service instance identifier of the one or more QoS flows and the information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the session management function network element sends a first N4 session establishment request (such as an N4 session modify request) to the mobile gateway.
  • the first N4 session establishment request includes the service instance identifier of the one or more first QoS flows and the information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the mobile gateway sends a first N4 session establishment response (such as an N4 session establishment response) to the session management function network element.
  • S1309 The session management function network element and the mobility management network element exchange a communication message transfer message (such as a Namf_communication_N1N2 message transfer message).
  • a communication message transfer message such as a Namf_communication_N1N2 message transfer message.
  • the communication message transmission message carries a PDU session resource establishment request (such as N2 PDU session resource setup request).
  • the PDU session resource establishment request includes the service instance identifier of the one or more first QoS flows and the information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the mobility management network element sends the PDU session resource establishment request to the access network device.
  • the access network device and the terminal device perform resource setting, including the access network device sending a PDU session establishment acceptance (eg, PDU session establishment accept) to the terminal device.
  • a PDU session establishment acceptance eg, PDU session establishment accept
  • the access network device sends a PDU session resource establishment response to the mobility management function network element. (eg N2 PDU session resource setup response).
  • the access network device and the mobile gateway can realize the received uplink data message or downlink data message according to the information of the first TN transmission path of one or more first QoS flows in the session. 's forwarding.
  • the terminal device will need to increase the QoS flow in the session, modify the QoS flow in the session, and delete the QoS flow in the session.
  • Scenario 1 Increase the QoS flow in the session.
  • FIG. 14 provides a method for increasing QoS flow in a session provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the method includes:
  • the session management function network element receives a first session modification request from an access network device.
  • the first session modification request comes from a terminal device, and requests to establish one or more second QoS flows in the session.
  • the first session modification request (such as a PDU session modification request) from the terminal device forwarded by the access network device may be forwarded to the session management function network element via the mobility management network element for processing.
  • the mobility management network element may forward the first session modification request to the session management function network element through a PDU session update session management context request (such as Nsmf_PDU session_update SM context request), where the PDU session update session management context request contains Carry the first session modification request.
  • a PDU session update session management context request such as Nsmf_PDU session_update SM context request
  • the session management function network element sends a second path establishment request to a transmission network control network element, and the transmission network control network element receives the second path establishment request, where the second path establishment request includes the access The identifier of the network device, the identifier of the mobile gateway, the service instance identifier of the one or more second QoS flows, and the first TN QoS parameters.
  • the first TN QoS parameter of the second QoS flow is determined according to the TN QoS parameter mapped with the first service type of the second QoS flow, the access network device and the mobile gateway.
  • the transport network control network element For each second QoS flow in the one or more second QoS flows, the transport network control network element, according to the first TN QoS parameter of the second QoS flow, configures the and the mobile gateway to determine a first TN transmission path for the second QoS flow.
  • the transport network control network element sends a second path establishment response to the session management function network element, where the second path establishment response includes the service instance identifier of the one or more second QoS flows and the first TN Information about the transmission path.
  • steps S1402-S1404 is similar to the implementation principle of steps S802-S804, and reference may be made to the implementation of steps S802-S804, and details are not repeated here.
  • the session management function network element sends a first session resource modification request to the access network device, where the first session resource modification request includes the service instance identifier of the one or more second QoS flows and the first session resource modification request. Information about the TN transmission path.
  • the session management function network element after the session management function network element receives the second path establishment response from the transmission network control network element, it can carry all information in the first session resource modification request transparently transmitted to the access network device through the mobility management network element. Describe one or more service instance identifiers of the second QoS flow and the information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the session management function network element in order to facilitate the mobile gateway to learn the information of the first TN transmission path of one or more second QoS flows in the session, after the session management function network element receives the second path establishment response from the transmission network control network element, it can Send a second N4 session establishment request to the mobile gateway, where the second N4 session establishment request includes the service instance identifiers of the one or more second QoS flows and the information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the access network device and the mobile gateway can forward the data packets belonging to the one or more second QoS flows according to the information of the first TN transmission paths of the one or more second QoS flows in the session.
  • Scenario 2 Modify the QoS flow in the session.
  • FIG. 15 provides a method for modifying QoS flow in a session provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the method includes:
  • the session management function network element receives a second session modification request from an access network device.
  • the second session modification request comes from a terminal device, and requests to modify one or more third QoS flows in the session.
  • the session includes QoS flow 1 and QoS flow 2, the 5QI of QoS flow 1 is 1, and the 5QI of QoS flow 2 is 2.
  • the terminal device modifies the 5QI of QoS flow 2 from 2 to 3, the QoS
  • a second session modification request will be sent to the access network device, and the service type carrying the QoS flow 2 is given by
  • the session management function network element sends a path modification request to the transport network control network element, and the transport network control network element receives the path modification request, where the path modification request includes the one or more third The service instance identifier of the QoS flow and the second TN QoS parameter.
  • the second TN QoS parameter of the third QoS flow is determined according to the TN QoS parameters mapped with the second service type of the third QoS flow, the access network device and the mobile gateway.
  • the transport network control network element For each third QoS flow in the one or more third QoS flows, the transport network control network element, according to the second TN QoS parameter of the third QoS flow, configures the and determining a second TN transmission path for the third QoS flow with the mobile gateway.
  • the change of the service type of the QoS flow will cause the TN QoS parameters of the QoS flow to change.
  • the network element of the session management function can The TN QoS parameters mapped by the network device and the mobile gateway are re-determined for the TN QoS parameters of the third QoS flow.
  • the transport network control network element may, according to the new TN QoS parameters (that is, the second TN QoS parameters) of the third QoS flow, between the access network device and the mobile gateway, for the first
  • the three QoS flows are recalculated to satisfy a second TN transmission path that satisfies the requirements of the new TN QoS parameters.
  • the transmission network control network element when the transmission network control network element recalculates a second TN transmission path that satisfies the requirements of the new TN QoS parameters for the third QoS flow, the original first TN transmission path of the third QoS flow can be adjusted first, to obtain The second TN transmission path that meets the requirements of the new TN QoS parameters can also be directly deleted from the original first TN transmission path of the third QoS flow, and a second TN transmission path that meets the requirements of the new TN QoS parameters can be created. limited.
  • the QoS parameter 2' is ⁇ 1, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇
  • the transmission network control network element recalculates a TN transmission path that satisfies ⁇ 1, 100ms, 0.1% ⁇ between the access network device 1 and the mobile gateway 8 for QoS flow2.
  • the transmission network control network element sends a path modification response to the session management function network element, and the session management function network element receives the path modification response, where the path modification response includes the one or more third The service instance identifier of the QoS flow and the information of the second TN transmission path.
  • the session management function network element sends a second session resource modification request to the access network device, where the second session resource modification request includes the service instance identifier of the one or more third QoS flows and the second session resource modification request.
  • Information about the TN transmission path
  • the session management function network element receives the path modification response from the transmission network control network element, it can The gateway sends an N4 session modification request, where the N4 session modification request includes the service instance identifiers of the one or more third QoS flows and the information of the second TN transmission path.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a PDU session modification method. The method includes:
  • the access network device forwards the PDU session modification request (eg, PDU session modification request) from the terminal device to the mobility management network element.
  • PDU session modification request eg, PDU session modification request
  • the PDU session modification request requests to modify one or more third QoS flows in the session.
  • the mobility management network element sends a PDU session update session management context request (such as Nsmf_PDU session_update SM context) to the session management function network element, and the PDU session update session management context request carries the identity of the access network device and the PDU session modification request.
  • a PDU session update session management context request such as Nsmf_PDU session_update SM context
  • the session management function network element sends a path modification request (such as a service path modify request) to the transmission network control network element.
  • the path modification request includes the service instance identifiers of the one or more third QoS flows and the second TN QoS parameters.
  • the transmission network control network element sends a path modification response (eg, service path modify response) to the session management function network element.
  • a path modification response eg, service path modify response
  • the path modification response includes the service instance identifier of the one or more third QoS flows and the information of the second TN transmission path.
  • the session management function network element sends an N4 session modification request (such as an N4 session modification request) to the mobile gateway.
  • an N4 session modification request such as an N4 session modification request
  • the N4 session modification request includes the service instance identifier of the one or more third QoS flows and the information of the second TN transmission path.
  • the mobile gateway sends an N4 session modification response (such as an N4 session modification response) to the session management function network element.
  • an N4 session modification response such as an N4 session modification response
  • the session management function network element sends a PDU session update session management context response (eg, Nsmf_PDU session_update SM context) to the mobility management network element.
  • a PDU session update session management context response eg, Nsmf_PDU session_update SM context
  • the session management function network element sends a communication message transfer message (such as a Namf_communication_N1N2 message transfer message) to the mobility management network element.
  • a communication message transfer message such as a Namf_communication_N1N2 message transfer message
  • the communication message transmission message may carry a PDU session resource modification request (such as N2 PDU session resource mofiy), and the PDU session resource modification request includes the service instance identifier of the one or more third QoS flows and the second TN transmission path Information.
  • a PDU session resource modification request such as N2 PDU session resource mofiy
  • the PDU session resource modification request includes the service instance identifier of the one or more third QoS flows and the second TN transmission path Information.
  • S1610 The access network device and the terminal device perform transmission resource modification, including interaction of PDU session modification command/response. (AN-specific resource modification of transport (including PDU session modification command/ack)).
  • PDU session modification command/response AN-specific resource modification of transport (including PDU session modification command/ack)
  • the access network device and the mobile gateway can realize the forwarding of the data packets belonging to the one or more third QoS flows according to the modified information of the second TN transmission path of the one or more third QoS flows.
  • Scenario 3 Delete the QoS flow in the session.
  • FIG. 17 provides a method for deleting a QoS flow in a session provided by an embodiment of the application, and the method includes:
  • the session management function network element receives a third session modification request from an access network device.
  • the third session modification request comes from the terminal device, and requests to delete one or more fourth QoS flows in the session.
  • the session management function network element sends a path release request to the transmission network control network element, and the transmission network control network element receives the path release request, where the path release request includes the one or more fourth Service instance identifier of QoS flow.
  • the transmission network controls the network element to release the TN transmission paths of the one or more fourth QoS flows.
  • the terminal device may initiate a third session modification request to delete one or more fourth QoS flows existing in the session.
  • the session management function network element may send a path release request including the service instance identifiers of the one or more fourth QoS flows to the transport network control network element, requesting that the transport network control
  • the network element releases the TN transmission paths of the one or more fourth QoS flows; the transmission network control network element releases the one or more service instance identifiers of the fourth QoS flows according to the service instance identifiers of the one or more fourth QoS flows included in the path release request
  • the TN transmission path of the fourth QoS flow may be initiated a third session modification request to delete one or more fourth QoS flows existing in the session.
  • the transmission network control network element may delete the path identifiers of the TN transmission paths of one or more fourth QoS flows, and notify the access network device and the mobile gateway to delete all the path identifiers. Describe the path identifiers of the TN transmission paths of the one or more fourth QoS flows and the specific routing information corresponding to the path identifiers.
  • the transport network control network element may also monitor the TN transmission path of each QoS flow in the session. During five QoS flows, send a path release notification including the service instance identifiers of the one or more fifth QoS flows to the session management function network element, requesting the session management function network element to release the one or more fifth QoS flows, Or reselect a mobile gateway for the session to ensure communication quality.
  • the transport network controller may also first attempt to modify the one or more fifth QoS flows.
  • the TN transmission path of the QoS flow if the modified TN transmission path meets the TN QoS parameter requirements, the information of the modified TN transmission path will be notified to the access network device and the mobile gateway; if the modified TN transmission path still does not meet the TN QoS parameters parameter requirements, send a path release notification to the session management function network element.
  • the Binding ID of the TN transmission path corresponding to QoS flow1 is 11. Then the transmission network control network element can periodically check whether the TN QoS parameter on the Binding ID 11 meets the TN QoS parameter requirement of QoS flow1. If it is found that it cannot be satisfied, it will send a path release notification (such as service path release notify), carrying ⁇ QoS flow1, Binding ID 11 ⁇ to the session management function network element.
  • the session management function network element decides to release QoS flow1 or reselect the mobile network element according to the situation.
  • the management network element rebuilds QoS flow1, and returns a path release notification response (such as service path release notify response).
  • each network element includes a corresponding hardware structure and/or software module (or unit) for performing each function.
  • each network element includes a corresponding hardware structure and/or software module (or unit) for performing each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is performed by hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each particular application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 are schematic structural diagrams of possible communication apparatuses provided by embodiments of the present application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the session management function network element, the transmission network control network element or the network management network element in the above method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device may be a session management function network element, a transmission network control network element or a network management network element in the above method embodiments, or may be a session management function network element, a transmission network control network element A module (such as a chip) of a network element or a network management network element.
  • the communication apparatus 1900 may include: a processing unit 1902 and a communication unit 1903, and may further include a storage unit 1901.
  • the communication apparatus 1900 is configured to implement the function of the session management function network element, the transmission network control network element or the network management network element in the above method embodiments.
  • the processing unit 1902 is used to implement corresponding processing functions.
  • the communication unit 1903 is used to support the communication between the communication device 1900 and other network entities.
  • the storage unit 1901 is used to store program codes and/or data of the communication device 1900 .
  • the communication unit 1903 may include a receiving unit and/or a sending unit for performing receiving and sending operations, respectively.
  • the communication unit 1903 is configured to receive a session establishment request from an access network device, where the session established by the session establishment request request includes a first quality of service QoS flow;
  • the processing unit 1902 is configured to determine the first transmission network TN QoS parameter of the first QoS flow, where the first TN QoS parameter of the first QoS flow is based on the first service type of the first QoS flow. , determined by the access network device and the TN QoS parameter mapped by the mobile gateway selected for the session;
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to send a first path establishment request to the transmission network control network element, where the first path establishment request includes the identification of the access network device, the identification of the mobile gateway, and the first path establishment request.
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to receive a first path establishment response from the transmission network control network element, where the first path establishment response includes the service instance identifier of the first QoS flow and the information of the first TN transmission path. information; and send a session resource establishment request to the access network device, where the session resource establishment request includes the service instance identifier of the first QoS flow and the information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to send a first N4 session establishment request to the mobile gateway, where the first N4 session establishment request includes the service instance identifier of the first QoS flow and the Information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to send a QoS configuration request to the network management network element, where the QoS configuration request includes the identifiers of one or more mobile gateways managed by the session management function network element; Receive a QoS configuration response from the network management element, where the QoS configuration response includes the TN QoS parameters corresponding to the one or more mobile gateways, the service type of the QoS flow, and the mapping rules of the access network equipment and the mobile gateway.
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to receive a first session modification request from the access network device, where the first session modification request requests to establish a second QoS flow in the session Send the second path establishment request to the transmission network control network element, the second path establishment request includes the identification of the access network equipment, the identification of the mobile gateway and the service instance identification of the second QoS flow and the first A TN QoS parameter, the first TN QoS parameter of the second QoS flow is the first TN QoS parameter of the second QoS flow that is mapped by the processing unit 1902 according to the first service type of the second QoS flow, the access network device, and the mobile gateway Determined by TN QoS parameters;
  • the second path establishment response includes the service instance identifier of the second QoS flow and the information of the first TN transmission path; to the access network
  • the device sends a first session resource modification request, where the first session resource modification request includes the service instance identifier of the second QoS flow and the information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to send a second N4 session establishment request to the mobile gateway, where the second N4 session establishment request includes the service instance identifier of the second QoS flow and the Information of the first TN transmission path.
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to receive a second session modification request from the access network device, where the second session modification request requests to modify a third QoS flow in the session Send a path modification request to the transmission network control network element, the path modification request includes the service instance identification of the third QoS flow and the second TN QoS parameter, and the second TN QoS parameter of the third QoS flow is Determined by the processing unit 1902 according to the TN QoS parameters mapped with the second service type of the third QoS flow, the access network device and the mobile gateway;
  • the path modification response includes the service instance identifier of the third QoS flow and the information of the second TN transmission path; send the second TN transmission path to the access network device A session resource modification request, the second session resource modification request includes the service instance identifier of the third QoS flow and the information of the second TN transmission path.
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to send an N4 session modification request to the mobile gateway, where the N4 session modification request includes the service instance identifier of the third QoS flow and the second TN transmission path information.
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to receive a third session modification request from the access network device, where the third session modification request requests to delete the fourth QoS flow in the session ; Send a path release request to the transmission network control network element, and the path release request includes the service instance identifier of the fourth QoS flow.
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to receive a path release notification from the transport network control network element, where the path release notification includes the service instance identifier of the fifth QoS flow in the session ;
  • the processing unit 1902 is further configured to release the fifth QoS flow, or reselect a mobile gateway for the session.
  • the TN QoS parameters include at least one of the following:
  • the communication unit 1903 is configured to receive a first path establishment request from the session management function network element, where the first path establishment request includes the identity of the access network device, the identity of the mobile gateway, and the service instance identity of the first QoS flow and the first transmission network TN QoS parameter;
  • the processing unit 1902 configured to determine a first TN transmission path for the first QoS flow between the access network device and the mobile gateway according to the first TN QoS parameter of the first QoS flow;
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to send a first path establishment response to the session management function network element, where the first path establishment response includes the service instance identifier of the first QoS flow and the information of the first TN transmission path .
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to receive a second path establishment request from the session management function network element, where the second path establishment request includes the identifier of the access network device, The identifier of the mobile gateway and the service instance identifier of the second QoS flow and the first TN QoS parameter;
  • the processing unit 1902 is further configured to determine a first TN transmission path for the second QoS flow between the access network device and the mobile gateway according to the first TN QoS parameter of the second QoS flow;
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to send a second path establishment response to the session management function network element, where the second path establishment response includes the service instance identifier of the second QoS flow and the information of the first TN transmission path .
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to receive a path modification request from the session management function network element, where the path modification request includes the service instance identifier of the third QoS flow and the second TN QoS parameter;
  • the processing unit 1902 is further configured to determine a second TN transmission path for the third QoS flow between the access network device and the mobile gateway according to the second TN QoS parameter of the third QoS flow;
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to send a path modification response to the session management function network element, where the path modification response includes the service instance identifier of the third QoS flow and the information of the second TN transmission path.
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to receive a path release request from the session management function network element, where the path release request includes the service instance identifier of the fourth QoS flow;
  • the processing unit 1902 is further configured to release the TN transmission path of the fourth QoS flow.
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to send a path to the session management function network element when the processing unit 1902 determines that there is a fifth QoS flow whose TN transmission path does not satisfy the TN QoS parameters Release notification, the path release notification includes the service instance identifier of the fifth QoS flow.
  • the TN QoS parameters include at least one of the following: scheduling priority, transmission delay, packet error rate, maximum flow rate, and guaranteed flow rate.
  • the communication unit 1903 is configured to receive a quality of service QoS configuration request from the session management function network element, where the QoS configuration request includes the session management The identity of one or more mobile gateways managed by the functional network element;
  • the processing unit 1902 is configured to determine the TN QoS parameters corresponding to the one or more mobile gateways and the service type of the QoS flow, the mapping rules of the access network equipment and the mobile gateway;
  • the communication unit 1903 is further configured to send a QoS configuration response to the session management function network element, where the QoS configuration response includes the TN QoS parameters corresponding to the one or more mobile gateways and the service type and connection of the QoS flow. Mapping rules for network access devices and mobile gateways.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 includes a processor 2010 and an interface circuit 2020 .
  • the processor 2010 and the interface circuit 2020 are coupled to each other.
  • the interface circuit 2020 can be a transceiver or an input-output interface.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may further include a memory 2030 for storing instructions executed by the processor 2010 or input data required by the processor 2010 to run the instructions or data generated after the processor 2010 runs the instructions.
  • the processor 2010 is used to implement the function of the above processing unit 1902, and the interface circuit 2020 It is used to realize the function of the above-mentioned communication unit 1903 .
  • a computer-readable storage medium on which instructions are stored, and when the instructions are executed, the above method embodiments are applicable to session management function network elements and transmission network control network elements. Or the communication method of the network management network element.
  • a computer program product containing an instruction is provided.
  • the instruction can execute the method in the foregoing method embodiment applicable to a session management function network element, a transmission network control network element, or a network management network element. communication method.
  • a chip When running, the chip can execute the communication method applicable to a session management function network element, a transmission network control network element or a network management network element in the above method embodiments.
  • the embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
  • computer-usable storage media including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

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Abstract

本申请属于通信技术领域，公开了一种通信方法及装置，用以为业务在整个移动通信系统中提供端到端的QoS保证。该方法包括：会话管理功能网元向传输网控制网元发送第一路径建立请求，第一路径建立请求包括接入网设备的标识、为会话选择的移动网关的标识以及会话中第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数，第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数是根据与第一QoS flow的第一业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；会话管理功能网元接收来自传输网控制网元的第一路径建立响应，第一路径建立响应包括第一QoS flow的第一TN传输路径的信息。

Description

一种通信方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年04月20日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202110425461.3、申请名称为“一种通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
随着第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统在全球逐步开展商用，运营商开始积极探索5G使能千行百业。不同于4G移动通信系统主要面向个人用户(2C)类业务，5G移动通信系统的一个重要拓展方向是企业用户(2B)类业务，2B类业务具有多样化的服务质量(quality of service，QoS)需求。因此5G移动通信系统在架构设计上除支持增强移动宽带(enhanced mobile broadband，eMBB)外，还支持海量连接(massive machine type communications，mMTC)和低时延高可靠连接(ultra-reliable and low latency communications，uRLLC)场景，以满足多样化、差异化的应用需求。为此5G移动通信系统重新定义了QoS框架，并定义了切片技术。5G移动通信系统部署结构通常如图1所示，包括接入网、传输网(transport network，TN)和核心网(core network，CN)部分，其中上行数据报文依次经过接入网、传输网和核心网中的各个设备，下行数据报文依次经过核心网、传输网和接入网中的各个设备。
业务级的QoS需求一般为端到端的需求，因此需要接入网、传输网和核心网进行QoS协同，来共同保证端到端的QoS。目前第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)作为移动通信系统标准的制定组织，负责终端设备、接入网、核心网相关规范的制定，但是不包括传输网的规范，因此在端到端QoS的定义上，接入网和核心网是统一的，但是和传输网不一致。传输网无法按照业务定义的QoS要求，为不同等级的业务提供对应的QoS保证，导致业务无法获得端到端的QoS保证。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法及装置，用以为业务在整个移动通信系统中提供端到端的QoS保证。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法包括：会话管理功能网元接收来自接入网设备的会话建立请求，所述会话建立请求请求建立的会话包括第一服务质量QoS流flow；所述会话管理功能网元向传输网控制网元发送第一路径建立请求，所述第一路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、为所述会话选择的移动网关的标识以及所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一传输网TN QoS参数，所述第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数是根据与所述第一QoS flow的第一业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的 TN QoS参数确定的；所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述传输网控制网元的第一路径建立响应，所述第一路径建立响应包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息；所述会话管理功能网元向所述接入网设备发送会话资源建立请求，所述会话资源建立请求包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
在本申请实施例中，会话管理功能网元根据TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则，确定QoS flow的TN QoS参数，将传输网中的业务QoS定义与接入网和核心网进行统一，从而在传输网中为QoS flow的业务数据报文传输提供QoS保证，为业务在整个移动通信系统中提供端到端的QoS保证。另外，本申请实施例中是实现QoS flow粒度的QoS保证，相对于网络切片级的QoS保证更加灵活。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述会话管理功能网元向所述移动网关发送第一N4会话建立请求，所述第一N4会话建立请求包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
上述设计中，将第一QoS flow的第一TN传输路径的信息发送给移动网关，有利于在传输网中为QoS flow的下行数据报文提供QoS保证。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述会话管理功能网元向网管网元发送QoS配置请求，所述QoS配置请求包括所述会话管理功能网元管理的一个或多个移动网关的标识；所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述网管网元的QoS配置响应，所述QoS配置响应包括所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则。
其中，所述QoS配置请求可以用于向网管网元请求所述会话管理功能网元管理的一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则，所述QoS配置响应可以用于网管网元向会话管理功能网元下发相应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则。
上述设计中，网管网元可配置每个业务的TN QoS参数，也即每个QoS flow的TN QoS参数，并可与会话管理功能网元进行同步，可以实现在接入网、传输网和核心网中统一业务QoS定义，从而在传输网中为QoS flow提供QoS保证。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述接入网设备的第一会话修改请求，所述第一会话修改请求请求在所述会话中建立第二QoS flow；所述会话管理功能网元向传输网控制网元发送第二路径建立请求，所述第二路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、所述移动网关的标识以及所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数，所述第二QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数是根据与所述第二QoS flow的第一业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述传输网控制网元的第二路径建立响应，所述第二路径建立响应包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息；所述会话管理功能网元向所述接入网设备发送第一会话资源修改请求，所述第一会话资源修改请求包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述会话管理功能网元向所述移动网关发送第二N4会话建立请求，所述第二N4会话建立请求包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
上述设计中，对于会话中新增的QoS flow，可以根据TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务 类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则，确定新增QoS flow的TN QoS参数，有利于在传输网中为新增QoS flow的业务数据报文传输提供QoS保证。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述接入网设备的第二会话修改请求，所述第二会话修改请求请求修改所述会话中的第三QoS flow；所述会话管理功能网元向所述传输网控制网元发送路径修改请求，所述路径修改请求包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN QoS参数，所述第三QoS flow的第二TN QoS参数是根据与所述第三QoS flow的第二业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述传输网控制网元的路径修改响应，所述路径修改响应包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息；所述会话管理功能网元向所述接入网设备发送第二会话资源修改请求，所述第二会话资源修改请求包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述会话管理功能网元向所述移动网关发送N4会话修改请求，所述N4会话修改请求包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
上述设计中，对于会话中发生变化的QoS flow，可以根据TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则，确定发生变化的QoS flow所对应的新TN QoS参数，有利于在传输网中为发生变化的QoS flow的业务数据报文传输提供QoS保证。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述接入网设备的第三会话修改请求，所述第三会话修改请求请求删除所述会话中的第四QoS flow；所述会话管理功能网元向所述传输网控制网元发送路径释放请求，所述路径释放请求包括所述第四QoS flow的业务实例标识。
上述设计中，对于删除的QoS flow，会话管理功能网元请求传输网控制网元释放删除的QoS flow的TN传输路径，有利于节约处理资源和带宽资源。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述传输网控制网元的路径释放通知，所述路径释放通知包括所述会话中的第五QoS flow的业务实例标识；所述会话管理功能网元释放所述第五QoS flow，或为所述会话重选移动网关。
上述设计中，对于TN传输路径不满足TN QoS参数的QoS flow，会话管理功能网元释放所述QoS flow，或为会话重选移动网关，有利于提高通信质量，满足通信要求。
在一种可能的设计中，所述TN QoS参数包括以下至少一项：调度优先级、传输时延、误包率、最大流速率、保证流速率。
上述设计中，可以从调度优先级、传输时延、误包率、最大流速率、保证流速率等中的一项或多项出发，在传输网中为QoS flow的业务数据报文传输提供QoS保证，有利于提高业务数据报文传输质量。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法包括：传输网控制网元接收来自会话管理功能网元的第一路径建立请求，所述第一路径建立请求包括接入网设备的标识、移动网关的标识以及第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一传输网TN QoS参数；所述传输网控制网元根据所述第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第一QoS flow确定第一TN传输路径；所述传输网控制网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送第一路径建立响应，所述第一路径建立响应包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述传输网控制网元接收来自所述会话管理功能网元的第二路径建立请求，所述第二路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、所述移动网关的标识以及第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数；所述传输网控制网元根据所述第二QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第二QoS flow确定第一TN传输路径；所述传输网控制网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送第二路径建立响应，所述第二路径建立响应包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述传输网控制网元接收来自所述会话管理功能网元的路径修改请求，所述路径修改请求包括第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN QoS参数；所述传输网控制网元根据所述第三QoS flow的第二TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第三QoS flow确定第二TN传输路径；
所述传输网控制网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送路径修改响应，所述路径修改响应包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述传输网控制网元接收来自所述会话管理功能网元的路径释放请求，所述路径释放请求包括第四QoS flow的业务实例标识；所述传输网控制网元释放所述第四QoS flow的TN传输路径。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：当所述传输网控制器确定存在TN传输路径不满足TN QoS参数的第五QoS flow时，所述传输网控制器向所述会话管理功能网元发送路径释放通知，所述路径释放通知包括所述第五QoS flow的业务实例标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述TN QoS参数包括以下至少一项：调度优先级、传输时延、误包率、最大流速率、保证流速率。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法包括：网管网元接收来自会话管理功能网元的服务质量QoS配置请求，所述QoS配置请求包括所述会话管理功能网元管理的一个或多个移动网关的标识；所述网管网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送QoS配置响应，所述QoS配置响应包括所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该装置具有实现上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的设计中方法的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的单元(模块)，比如包括通信单元和处理单元。
在一个可能的设计中，该装置可以是芯片或者集成电路。
在一个可能的设计中，该装置包括处理器和接口电路，所述处理器与所述接口电路耦合，用于实现上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的设计中方法的功能。可以理解的是，接口电路可以为收发器或输入输出接口。该装置还可以包括存储器，所述存储器存储有可被处理器执行的用于实现上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的设计中方法的功能的程序。
在一个可能的设计中，该装置可以为会话管理功能网元。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该装置具有实现上述第二方面或者第二方面的任一种可能的设计中方法的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的单元(模块)， 比如包括通信单元和处理单元。
在一个可能的设计中，该装置可以是芯片或者集成电路。
在一个可能的设计中，该装置包括处理器和接口电路，所述处理器与所述接口电路耦合，用于实现上述第二方面或者第二方面的任一种可能的设计中方法的功能。可以理解的是，接口电路可以为收发器或输入输出接口。该装置还可以包括存储器，所述存储器存储有可被处理器执行的用于实现上述第二方面或者第二方面的任一种可能的设计中方法的功能的程序。
在一个可能的设计中，该装置可以为传输网控制网元。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该装置具有实现上述第三方面方法的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的单元(模块)，比如包括通信单元和处理单元。
在一个可能的设计中，该装置可以是芯片或者集成电路。
在一个可能的设计中，该装置包括处理器和接口电路，所述处理器与所述接口电路耦合，用于实现上述第三方面方法的功能。可以理解的是，接口电路可以为收发器或输入输出接口。该装置还可以包括存储器，所述存储器存储有可被处理器执行的用于实现上述第三方面方法的功能的程序。
在一个可能的设计中，该装置可以为网管网元。
第七方面，本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统，所述系统包括会话管理功能网元、传输网控制网元和网管网元；
所述会话管理功能网元，用于接收来自接入网设备的会话建立请求，所述会话建立请求请求建立的会话包括第一服务质量QoS流flow；
所述会话管理功能网元，还用于向传输网控制网元发送第一路径建立请求，所述第一路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、为所述会话选择的移动网关的标识以及所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一传输网TN QoS参数，其中，所述第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数是根据与所述第一QoS flow的第一业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；
所述传输网控制网元，用于接收所述第一路径建立请求，根据所述第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第一QoS flow确定第一TN传输路径；
所述传输网控制网元，还用于向所述会话管理功能网元发送第一路径建立响应，所述第一路径建立响应包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息；
所述会话管理功能网元，还用于接收所述第一路径建立响应，向所述接入网设备发送会话资源建立请求，所述会话资源建立请求包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
在一个可能的设计中，所述会话管理功能网元，还用于向所述移动网关发送第一N4会话建立请求，所述第一N4会话建立请求包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
在一个可能的设计中，所述会话管理功能网元，还用于向网管网元发送QoS配置请求，所述QoS配置请求包括所述会话管理功能网元管理的一个或多个移动网关的标识；
所述网管网元，用于接收所述QoS配置请求，向所述会话管理功能网元发送QoS配 置响应，所述QoS配置响应包括所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则；
所述会话管理功能网元，还用于接收所述QoS配置响应。
第八方面，本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统，所述系统包括会话管理功能网元、传输网控制网元和网管网元中的至少两个，其中会话管理功能网元可以执行上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的设计中所述的方法，传输网控制网元可以执行上述第二方面或者第二方面的任一种可能的设计中所述的方法，网管网元可以执行上述第三方面所述的方法。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质具有用于执行上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的设计中所述的方法，或执行上述第二方面或者第二方面的任一种可能的设计中所述的方法，或执行上述第三方面所述的方法的计算机程序或指令。
第十方面，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被执行时，可以实现上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的设计中所述的方法，或实现上述第二方面或者第二方面的任一种可能的设计中所述的方法，或实现上述第三方面所述的方法。
第十一方面，本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，所述芯片系统包括：处理器和接口，所述处理器用于从所述接口调用并运行计算机程序，当所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时，可以实现上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的设计中所述的方法，或实现上述第二方面或者第二方面的任一种可能的设计中所述的方法，或实现上述第三方面所述的方法。
上述第二方面至第十一方面所能达到的技术效果请参照上述第一方面所能达到的技术效果，这里不再重复赘述。
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图1为移动通信系统部署结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的移动通信系统的架构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供VLAN帧头示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的IPv4报文头示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的网络切片示意图之一；
图6为本申请实施例提供的网络切片示意图之二；
图7为本申请实施例提供的网络切片编排和管理的系统示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的通信方法示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的QoS配置获取方法示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的QoS配置更新方法示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的传输层信息上报方法示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的数据报文转发示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的PDU会话建立方法示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的增加会话中的QoS flow的方法示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的修改会话中的QoS flow的方法示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的PDU会话修改方法示意图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的删除会话中的QoS flow的方法示意图；
图18为本申请实施例提供的路径释放方法示意图；
图19为本申请实施例提供的通信装置示意图之一；
图20为本申请实施例提供的通信装置示意图之二。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种移动通信系统，例如5G移动通信系统、4G和5G融合移动通信系统，或者应用于未来的移动通信系统或其它类似的移动通信系统，如6G移动通信系统、移动通信专网系统等。具体的，本申请实施例所应用的移动通信系统的架构可以如图2所示，包括：终端设备部分和运营商网络部分。
其中，运营商网络可包括网管网元、接入与移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元、传输网控制网元、接入网设备、转发设备等。
终端设备(也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE))是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。所述终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。
而如上介绍的各种终端设备，如果位于车辆上(例如放置在车辆内或安装在车辆内)，都可以认为是车载终端设备，车载终端设备例如也称为车载单元(on-board unit，OBU)。
接入网设备，也可称为(无线)接入网((radio)access network，(R)AN)设备，是一种为终端设备提供无线通信功能的设备，主要功是提供终端设备空口接入、终端设备报文传输、终端设备移动性管理等功能。接入网设备例如包括但不限于：5G中的基站(gnodeB，gNB)、演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved nodeB，或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(base band unit，BBU)、传输点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、移动交换中心等。另外，在一种网络结构中，所述接入网设备可以包括集中单元(centralized unit，CU)节点和分布单元(distributed unit，DU)节点。接入网设备的部分协议层的功能放在CU集中控制，剩下部分或全部协议层的功能分布在DU中，由CU集中控制DU。
网管网元，主要管理核心网各个网元，提供核心网各个网元(如AMF网元、SMF网元等)配置管理、告警管理、性能管理、拓扑管理、软件管理、安全和日志管理等功能。可配置每类业务的TN QoS约束参数，并与SMF网元同步配置。
AMF网元是由运营商网络提供的控制面网元，负责终端设备接入管理和移动性管理、接入网设备管理、SMF网元选择、转发接入网设备和SMF网元之间的消息等功能。
SMF网元是由运营商网络提供的控制面网元，主要提供终端设备会话管理、终端设备网络之间互连的协议(internet protocol，IP)地址分配和管理、UPF网元选择、下行数据通知等功能。
UPF网元是由运营商提供的网关，是运营商网络与数据网络(data network，DN)通信的网关。主要提供DN锚点、报文分组路由转发、报文检测、报文QoS处理、报文传输层报文标记等功能。
传输网控制网元，也可以称为传输网控制器、传输网控制设备或承载网控制设备等，一般为兼顾网管功能和软件定义网络(software defined network，SDN)控制器功能，提供传输网的配置、告警、性能管理，兼具流量工程(traffic engineering，TE)管理，网络分析等功能。
转发设备，可以是路由器(router)、交换机等具有数据交换转发功能的设备。
可以理解的是，上述网元或者设备既可以是硬件设备中的网络元件，也可以是在专用硬件上运行的软件功能，或者是平台(例如，云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能。可选的，上述网元或者功能可以由一个设备实现，也可以由多个设备共同实现，还可以是一个设备内的一个功能模块，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
另外，上述5G网络架构仅是本申请提供的技术方案适用的一种可能的网络架构示例，本申请提供的技术方案还可以适用于未来的网络架构或其它类似的网络架构，如6G网络架构等。
在介绍本申请实施例之前，首先对本申请实施例中的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1)、QoS流(flow)：5G移动通信系统中QoS是转发处理的最细粒度。映射到同一个QoS flow的所有流量都得到相同的转发处理。(调度策略、队列管理策略、速率整形策略、无线链路控制协议(radio link control，RLC)配置等)不同的QoS转发处理需要单独的QoS flow。
2)、5G QoS标志(5G QoS identifier，5QI)，是一个标量，用于参考特定的QoS转发行为(例如丢包率，包时延预算)提供给5G QoS flow。5G移动通信系统针对不同的业务，定义了不同的QoS参数集和要求，针对每组参数集设定一个5QI接入网和核心网均使用5QI和每类业务的数据报文(也可以称为数据包)进行关联，并在内部处理时进行对应的QoS保证处理。5G标准中预定义了一部分业务的QoS参数集，同时支持用户自定义QoS参数集。如下表1为部分5G预定义业务的5QI以及对应的QoS参数集要求，其中5QI Value表示5QI值、Resource Type表示资源类型、Default Priority Leve l表示默认优先级、Packet Delay Budget表示包延迟预算、Packet Error Rate表示误包率、Default Maximum Data Burst Volume表示默认最大数据突发量、Default Averaging Window表示默认平均窗口、Example Services表示示例服务。
Figure PCTCN2022082058-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022082058-appb-000002
表1
2、差分服务代码点(differentiated services code point，DSCP)和虚拟局域网主键(virtual local area network pri，VLAN pri)。传输网(也可以称为承载网)主要为以IP技术为基础的无线接入网IP化(IP radio access network，IPRAN)、切片分组网(slicing packet network，SPN)网络。具体部署时和接入网设备、核心网设备连接一般在二层(数据链路层)使用虚拟私有网络(virtual private network，VPN)技术，三层(网络层)使用IP技术，不同层具有不同的QoS参数。二层设备之间使用虚拟局域网(virtual local area network，VLAN)帧。根据IEEE 802.1Q定义，VLAN帧头中的主键(primary key，PRI)字段(即802.1p优先级)，或称服务等级(class of service，CoS)字段，标识了服务质量需求。VLAN帧中的PRI字段(也可称为pri字段)位置如图3所示。在802.1Q头部中包含3比特(bits)长的PRI字段。PRI字段定义了8种业务优先级CoS，按照优先级从高到低顺序取值为7、6、5、4、3、2、1和0。
三层设备之间使用IP报文。RFC1349重新定义了IP报文中的服务类型(type of service，ToS)域，增加了C比特，表示传输开销(monetary cost)。IETF DiffServ工作组在RFC2474中将网际协议版本4(internet protocol version 4，IPv4)报文头ToS域中的比特0～5重新定义为DSCP，并将ToS域改名为差异化服务(differentiated service，DS)字节。DSCP在报文中的位置如图4所示。DS字段的前6位(0位～5位)用作DSCP，后2位(6位、7位)是保留位。DS字段的前3位(0位～2位)是类选择代码点(class selector code point，CSCP)，相同的CSCP值代表一类DSCP。
3)、网络切片(network slicing)，是一种按需组网的方式，可以让运营商在统一的基础设施上分离出多个虚拟的端到端网络，每个端到端网络可以具有不同网络功能，适配不同类型服务需求。如图5所示，运营商可以针对大众上网业务使用物理资源虚拟出一个eMBB切片网络和虚拟出一个mMTC切片网络，两个切片网络分别为不同业务场景提供服务。具体的，网络切片是一个端到端的完整的逻辑网络，如图6所示，每个网络切片可包括无线接入网子切片、传输网子切片和核心网子切片，并且从无线接入网、传输网再到核心网在逻辑上隔离。
4)、调度优先级，在拥塞的情况下，优先级用于选择对哪个业务(如Qos flow)进行优先处理；在不拥塞的情况下，调度优先级用于定义业务之间的资源分配和调度。
5)、传输时延，也可以称为包延迟预算(packet delay budget，PDB)、分组时延预算，定义了接入网设备与移动网元(终结N6接口)之间一个报文可能延迟的时间上限。在本申请实施例中，对于某个业务，其上下行的PDB值可以相同或者不同；针对同一业务考虑不同类型/不同位置的接入网设备和/或移动网关可以配置不同的PDB值。
6)、误包率(packet error rate，PER)定义了下行数据报文没有成功传递给接入网设备上层业务实例或上行数据报文没有成功传递给移动网关上层业务实例的报文在传输的总数据报文中的比例上限。
7)、基于IPv6转发平面的段路由(segment routing IPv6，SRv6)，是基于源路由理念而设计的在网络上转发IPv6报文的一种协议。SRv6通过在IPv6报文中插入一个路由扩展头(segment routing header，SRH)，在SRH中压入一个显式的IPv6地址栈，通过中间节点不断的进行更新目的地址和偏移地址栈的操作来完成逐跳转发。SRv6是5G TN网络的关键技术之一。
SRv6 TE规则(Policy)是在SRv6技术基础上发展的一种新的隧道引流技术。SRv6 TE Policy路径表示为指定路径的段列表(segment list)，称为SID列表(segment ID list)。每个SID列表是从源到目的地的端到端路径，并指示网络中的设备遵循指定的路径，而不是遵循内部网关协议(interior gateway protocol，IGP)计算的最短路径。如果报文被导入SRv6 TE Policy中，SID列表由头端添加到报文上，网络的其余设备执行SID列表中嵌入的指令。经过该路径转发的报文满足该隧道对应的QoS约束。SRv6 TE Policy包括以下三个部分头端：SRv6 TE Policy生成的节点。Color：SRv6 TE Policy携带的扩展团体属性。尾端(end point)：SRv6 TE Policy的目的地址。其中Color属性定义了网络SLA策略，可基于特定业务服务等级协议(service-level agreement，SLA)规划网络路径。Color常用的参数集包括：带宽、时延、丢包率、抖动等。每个SRv6 TE Policy由绑定(binding)SID唯一标志。
目前实现业务数据报文传输的通信方案主要包括以下几种：
第一种方案：传输网中各个转发设备将数据报文携带的VLAN Pri/IP DSCP与设备内部优先级进行绑定，从而转发设备可以根据VLAN Pri/IP DSCP提供有差别的QoS服务质量。其中，设备内部优先级又称为本地优先级，是设备内部区分数据报文服务等级的优先级，一般称为单跳行为(per hop behavior，PHB)，RFC定义了四类标准的PHB，并用CS、EF、AF、BE这些符号来表示，每类PHB都对应一组DSCP。移动通信系统在部署时，网络规划人员需要根据业务需求，规划接入网设备、移动网关(如UPF网元)上5QI和VLAN Pri/IP DSCP映射关系。当某类业务的数据报文经过接入网设备、移动网关时，根据该类业务数据报文对应的5QI，查找预置的映射关系，填写数据报文中的VLAN Pri/IP DSCP字段， 以保证当数据报文经过传输网时具有要求的QoS保证。如下表2为一种典型的映射关系：
5QI DSCP VLAN pri
1 46 5
2 26 3
3 34 4
4 26 3
5 46 5
6 18 2
7 18 2
8 10 1
9 0 0
表2
然而5QI定义的QoS参数集合，和VLAN Pri、IP DSCP映射到转发设备内部的PHB定义的QoS参数无法一一对应，需要网络规划人员根据实际经验进行映射，因此映射后的QoS约束存在不一致。另外，一条业务数据流，一般经过的接入网的一个接入网设备、传输网的多个转发设备、以及核心网的一个移动网关。其中接入网和核心网的设备能够保证的业务QoS，但传输网需要经过多个转发设备，当前的QoS映射机制只能约束传输网内各个转发设备的QoS保证，无法提供传输网内整条转发路径上的QoS保证。
第二种方案：该方案通过网络切片机制实现对传输网QoS保证，例如网络切片引入一个全新的统一编排和管理的系统以支持切片的快速部署、协同工作和全生命周期管理。该全新的管理系统必须具备网络切片的按需定制能力、切片自动化部署能力、切片端到端监控和协同能力、切片智能运维能力。如图7所示，协议定义由通信业务管理功能(communication service management function，CSMF)，网络切片管理功能(network slice management function，NSMF)、和网络子网切片管理功能(network slice subnet managementfunction，NSSMF)组成一个管理系统，实现跨接入网、传输网、核心网的端到端网络切片的协同和全生命周期管理。然而网络切片的维度远超QoS的范围，网络切片包括了设备的隔离、网络级的可靠性、以及独立的运营等维度，不同的网络切片需要提前规划和设计网络切片模板，因此单独为具有不同类型QoS要求的业务建立网络切片网络会耗费较多资源，成本较高。另外，网络切片架构中，传输网子网络切片仍是以网络粒度提供QoS保证。在传输网子网络切片中存在多类不同类型QoS要求业务的情况下，无法为各类业务提供业务级的QoS保证。
第三种方案，SMF网元需要在用户业务承载建立时，为用户从UPF网元集合中，选择合适的UPF网元。SMF网元可以本地配置可用UPF网元的信息，也可以从网络功能(network function，NF)存储功能(NF repository function，NRF)网元发现UPF网元实例。发现UPF网元实例后，SMF网元可以考虑以下参数和信息用于UPF网元选择：UPF网元的动态负载、网络数据分析功能(network data analytics function，NWDAF)分析的UPF网元负载、终端设备位置信息、支持相同DNN的UPF网元之间的相对静态容量、SMF网元上可用的UPF网元位置、终端设备位置信息、PDU会话类型、PDU会话(session)选择会话和服务连续(session and service continuity，SSC)模式、用户数据管理(user data management，UDM)网元中的终端设备签约信息、策略控制和计费(policy and charging control，PCC)规则、本地运营商策略、切片标志如单网络切片选择辅助信息(single network  slice selection assistance information，S-NSSAI)、终端设备正在使用的接入技术、用户面拓扑和用户面端点相关信息等参数。
然而当前SMF网元选择UPF网元的参数中，主要为5G核心网中可以采集到、配置的信息，但是并没有参考UPF网元所使用的传输网的QoS信息。因此在实际的选择中，可能会选择一个UPF网元，其和终端设备所属网络设备之间的传输网路径，无法满足终端设备的业务QoS要求。
如上述分析，现有技术方案存在的主要问题是：传输网无法按照移动通信系统业务定义的QoS要求，为不同等级的业务提供对应的QoS保证，导致业务无法获得端到端的QoS保证。现有技术方案一无法解决接入网、核心网和传输网QoS一致的问题；现有技术方案二颗粒度太大，无法解决业务级的QoS保证问题；现有技术方案三无法保证业务传输路径上的QoS要求。
本申请旨在提供一种通信方案，在接入网、传输网和核心网中统一业务QoS定义，并根据该定义为不同QoS要求的业务，在传输网中为对应的业务数据报文传输提供QoS保证，从而为业务在整个移动通信系统中提供端到端的QoS保证。
另外，需要理解的是，本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。在本申请的文字描述中，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。另外，除非有相反的说明，本申请实施例提及“第一”、“第二”等序数词用于对多个对象进行区分，不用于限定多个对象的顺序、时序、优先级或者重要程度，并且“第一”、“第二”的描述也并不限定对象一定不同。在本申请中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请的实施例的范围。上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。在本申请中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示例子、例证或说明，被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念，便于理解。下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法示意图，该方法包括：
S801：会话管理功能网元接收来自接入网设备的会话建立请求，所述会话建立请求请求建立的会话包括一个或多个第一QoS flow。
终端设备上的应用(如语音通话应用、视频应用等)被启动时，会触发终端设备请求建立一个新的会话(如请求建立一个新的PDU会话)，用于终端设备与的服务器之间传输数据。根据终端设备与服务器之间数据的不同传输要求，终端设备请求建立的会话中可以包括一个或多个QoS flow，每个QoS flow具有相应的5QI，也即QoS参数要求(如包延迟预算要求等)。
在一些实施中，接入网设备接收到来自终端设备的会话建立请求(如PDU session establishment request)后，首先会将接收到的会话建立请求转发给(或透传)给移动管理网元(如AMF网元)，由移动管理网元选择会话管理功能网元，并将会话建立请求转发(或透传)给选择的会话管理功能网元，由会话管理功能网元选择移动网关(如UPF网元)为终端设备建立会话。
作为一种示例，移动管理网元可以通过PDU会话创建会话管理(session management，SM)上下文请求(Nsmf_PDU session_create SM context request)，将会话建立请求转发给会话管理功能网元，其中PDU会话创建会话管理上下文请求中携带所述会话建立请求。
另外，不同接入网设备的空口开销存在差异，为了保障为QoS flow确定的TN传输路径能够提供QoS保证，移动管理网元在将会话建立请求转发给会话管理功能网元时携带接入网设备的标识，如携带接入网设备的ID、IP地址等。
S802：所述会话管理功能网元向传输网控制网元发送第一路径建立请求，所述传输网控制网元接收所述第一路径建立请求，所述第一路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、为所述会话选择的移动网关的标识以及所述一个或多个第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数。
其中，第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数是根据与第一QoS flow的第一业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的。
在本申请实施例中，网管网元可配置每个业务的TN QoS参数，也即配置每个QoS flow的TN QoS参数。在一些实施中，每个QoS flow可以用<接入网设备的标识、移动网关的标识、业务类型>来标识，配置规则可以为接入网设备、移动网关、业务类型(如5QI)和TN QoS参数的映射规则，TN QoS参数可以根据业务类型对应的端到端QoS参数减去相应的接入网设备和移动网关的空口开销得到。其中，TN QoS参数可以包括调度优先级、传输时延、误包率、最大流速率、保证流速率等中的一项或多项。
以TN QoS参数包括调度优先级、传输时延和误包率，每个QoS flow可以用<接入网设备的标识、移动网关的标识、业务类型>来标识为例，其中接入网设备的标识或移动网关的标识可以为全匹配，例如值为0表示全匹配，也即适用于所有接入网设备或移动网关，每个QoS flow的TN QoS参数在网管网元中的定义可以如下：
第一条<0，0，1>对应{1，3ms，0.01％}；
第二条<0，0，2>对应{3，100ms，0.1％}；
第三条<4，8，2>对应{3，50ms，0.1％}；
第四条<4，12，2>对应{3，10ms，0.1％}；
第五条<0，0，3>对应{1，100ms，0.1％}。
以第一条<0，0，1>对应{1，3ms，0.01％}为例，表示对应任意接入网设备、任意移动网关，业务类型(如5QI)为1的QoS flow的TN QoS参数为调度优先级为1、传输时延为3ms和误包率为0.01％。
会话管理功能网元对于自身管理的一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则的获取。在一种可能的实施中，如图9所示，会话管理功能网元可以在启动后向网管网元发送QoS配置请求，并在QoS配置请求中携带管理的一个或多个移动网关的标识。网管网元接收到来自会话管理功能网元的QoS配置请求后，根据QoS配置请求中携带的一个或多个移动网关的标识，查询所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则，并通过QoS配置响应返回给会话管理功能网元，由会话管理功能网元保存QoS配置响应中携带的QoS配置，也即保存所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则。
仍以网管网元中保存上述五条QoS flow的TN QoS参数为例，假设会话管理功能网元 的标识为21，会话管理功能网元管理的移动网元有3个标识分别为1、2、8，网管网元将包括第一条<0，0，1>对应{1，3ms，0.01％}、第二条<0，0，2>对应{3，100ms，0.1％}、第三条<4，8，2>对应{3，50ms，0.1％}、第五条<0，0，3>对应{1，100ms，0.1％}的QoS配置，通过QoS配置响应下发给会话管理功能网元。
需要理解的是，如果QoS配置中内容较多，网管网元也可以通过多个QoS配置响应发送给会话管理功能网元，并在第一条QoS配置响应中标志还有后续QoS配置响应，最后一条QoS配置响应中标志无后续QoS配置响应。
另外，会话管理功能网元新增管理的移动网关时，可以单独向网管网元获取新增移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则，仅在QoS配置请求中携带新增移动网关的标识即可。
此外，如图10所示，当网管网元中配置的部分或全部TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则发生变化时，需要及时通知关注发生变化的映射规则的会话管理功能网元，网管网元可以向会话管理功能网元发送QoS配置更新请求(如service Qos config update request)，将发生变化的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则的变化信息发送给会话管理功能网元，会话管理功能网元接收到QoS配置更新请求后，将更新保存的QoS配置中发生变化的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则，并可以向网管网元返回QoS配置更新响应(如service Qos update response)，告知网管网元QoS配置更新完成。
作为一种示例，网管网元中配置的<0，0，3>对应{1，100ms，0.1％}发生变化，被更新为<0，0，3>对应{2，100ms，0.1％}，而会话管理功能网元中保存有<0，0，3>对应{1，100ms，0.1％}，网管网元可以向会话管理功能网元发送携带将<0，0，3>对应{1，100ms，0.1％}更新为<0，0，3>对应{2，100ms，0.1％}的QoS配置更新请求，请求会话管理功能网元更新保存的<0，0，3>对应{1，100ms，0.1％}。会话管理功能网元接收到QoS配置更新请求，将<0，0，3>对应{1，100ms，0.1％}更新为<0，0，3>对应{2，100ms，0.1％}，并可以向网管网元返回QoS配置更新响应，完成对QoS配置的更新。
具体的，会话管理功能网元接收到会话建立请求后，会为会话选择移动网关，并根据接入网设备、为会话选择的移动网关，以及请求建立的会话中每个第一QoS flow的业务类型(如5QI)，确定会话中每个第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数。并向传输网控制器发送包括接入网设备的标识、移动网关的标识以及所述一个或多个第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数的第一路径建立请求，请求传输网控制网元为每个第一QoS flow配置TN传输路径。
在一种可能的实施中，会话管理功能网元为会话选择移动网关时，可以考虑接入网设备和移动网关之间是否可以建立满足一个或多个第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数的TN传输路径因素。例如：会话管理功能网元可以首先在管理的移动网关集合中，选择会话所属接入点名称(access point name，APN)对应的移动网关子集；其次在选择出的移动网关集合中选择支持该会话所在切片的移动网关子集；再次在选择出的移动网关集合中选择支持会话所在接入网设备的移动网关子集；然后在选择出的移动网关集合中找出具有满足会话中一个或多个第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数的TN传输路径的移动网关作为可选子集；最后在选择的移动网关集合中根据移动网关的负载和权重，选择一个移动网关作为服务的移动网关。并可以在第一路径建立请求中携带移动网关对应的已有满足会话中一个或 多个第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数的一个或多个TN传输路径的信息。
在另一种可能的实施中，会话管理功能网元为会话选择移动网关时，也可以不考虑接入网设备和移动网关之间是否可以建立满足一个或多个第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数的TN传输路径的因素，例如直接根据会话对应的服务器，选择关联所述服务器的移动网关或选择支持该会话所在切片的移动网关等。
S803:对于所述一个或多个第一QoS flow中的每个第一QoS flow，所述传输网控制网元根据所述第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第一QoS flow确定第一TN传输路径。
传输网控制网元可以从传输网中各转发设备上获取相邻转发设备间的QoS信息(包括但不限于传输时延、误包率、抖动、传输带宽、丢包率等)，并可以基于相邻转发设备间的QoS信息，在指定接入网设备和移动网关之间计算满足一定条件TN QoS参数的TN传输路径。
作为一种示例：终端设备注册在接入网设备1上，请求建立的会话包括QoS flow1和QoS flow2，业务类型(如5QI)分别为1、2，会话管理功能网元为会话选择的移动网关的标识为8，确定QoS flow1对应的TN QoS参数1为{1，3ms，0.01％}、QoS flow2对应的TN QoS参数2为{3，100ms，0.1％}。传输网控制网元在接收到会话管理功能网元发送的包括接入网设备的标识为1、移动网关的标识为8、{QoS flow1，5QI＝1，TN QoS参数1}、{QoS flow2，5QI＝2，TN QoS参数2}的第一路径建立请求后，传输网控制网元根据QoS flow1的TN QoS参数1，为QoS flow1在接入网设备1和移动网关8之间计算出一条满足TN QoS参数1的TN传输路径，为QoS flow2在接入网设备1和移动网关8之间计算出一条满足TN QoS参数2的TN传输路径。
另外，如果第一路径建立请求中还携带有TN传输路径的信息。传输网控制网元还可以针对第一QoS flow，对所述TN传输路径进行调整，使之满足第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数要求，如果无法满足，则重新建立一条新的满足第一TN QoS参数要求的路径。
为了便于传输网控制网元计算接入网设备和移动网关的TN传输路径，接入网设备和/或移动网关可以在启动后，或者周期向传输网控制网元上报设备(或网元)的传输层信息。
如图11所示，接入网设备或移动网关可以按照设定周期向传输网控制网元发送节点传输网更新消息(如node TN info update消息)，在消息中携带设备类型、设备标识、传输层信息(如传输接口SRv6ID地址、传输接口VLAN等)；传输网控制网元接收到节点传输网更新消息后，保存接入网设备或移动网关的传输层信息，并可以向接入网设备或移动网关返回节点传输网更新结果消息(如node TN info update result消息)，携带接收成功标识。
以SRv6地址SID为接入网设备和移动网关传输层接口标志为例，传输网控制网元可以通过边界网关协议(border gateway protocol，BGP)链路状态(link-state，LS)收集移动通信系统的网络拓扑和SID，以及接入网设备的SID和移动网关的SID的映射关系。因此节点传输网更新消息可以采用的BGP报文，BGP报文中可以扩展SRv6网络层可达信息(network layer reachability information，NLRI)字段，在该字段中包含接入网设备或移动网关的类型和标识。
其中，接入网设备的类型可以设置为1，标识可以设置为3GPP协议中定义的接入网设备Id；移动网关的类型可以设置为2，标识可以设置为3GPP协议中定义的移动网关Id。
假设接入网设备Id为1，对应的SRv6 SID为2000::1；移动网关ID为8，对应的SRv6  SID为2000::8。接入网设备和移动网关启动后，通过BGP报文向传输网控制器上报两个网元的逻辑ID和传输层ID的映射关系{1，1，2000::1}以及{2，8，2000::8}，传输网控制器建立起移动网关Id/接入网设备Id和各自底层SRv6 SID的映射关系。
在一种可能的实施中，为了保证传输网控制器保存的移动网关Id/接入网设备Id和各自底层SRv6 SID的映射关系的准确性，传输网控制器可以设置保存的移动网关Id/接入网设备Id和各自底层SRv6 SID的映射关系的保存期限，一旦超期则不再保存。
S804：所述传输网控制网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送第一路径建立响应，所述会话管理功能网元接收所述第一路径建立响应，所述第一路径建立响应包括所述一个或多个第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
S805：所述会话管理功能网元向所述接入网设备发送会话资源建立请求，所述会话资源建立请求包括所述一个或多个第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
会话管理功能网元通过来自传输网控制网元的第一路径建立响应，获得一个或多个第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息后，可以通过在移动管理网元透传给接入网设备的会话资源建立请求中携带所述一个或多个第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息，将一个或多个第一QoS flow的第一TN传输路径的信息发送给接入网设备。
另外，为了便于移动网关对会话中一个或多个第一QoS flow的第一TN传输路径的信息的获知，会话管理功能网元接收到来自传输网控制网元的第一路径建立响应后，还可以向移动网关发送第一N4会话建立请求(如N4 Session modify request)，通过携带所述一个或多个第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息的第一N4会话建立请求，将所述一个或多个第一QoS flow的第一TN传输路径的信息通知移动网关，其中N4指移动网关和会话管理功能网元间的接口，可以用于传输移动网关和会话管理功能网元间的控制面信息。
接入网设备和移动网关根据会话中一个或多个第一QoS flow的第一TN传输路径的信息，即可实现对接收到的上行数据报文或下行数据报文的转发。
在一种可能的实施中，上述第一TN传输路径的信息可以是传输路径具体的路由信息，如图12所示，从接入网设备1到移动网关8的TN传输路径有2条，QoS flow1对应的TN传输路径为箭头所示的一条，对应的路径标识为Bingding ID 11，对应的路由信息为头结点：2000::1，尾节点：2000::8，SID List：2000::11、2000::12、2000::14。
以传输网使用Srv6协议，路由信息为路径节点列表，封装格式采用SRH格式为例，则接入网设备1发送来自终端设备的QoS flow1的数据报文时，分别将IP HDR中的源(source)地址设置为2000::1，目的(dst)地址设置为下一跳节点2000::11，并设置SRH(SRv6 Hdr)中的SID List为2000::12、2000::14以及目的地址2000::8，然后进行IP路由转发；
数据报文转发到转发设备1后，根据SRv6转发规则，在当前节点发送的数据报文中，IP头部的Dst地址设置为SRH头中最新的地址2000::12，进行IP路由转发；
数据报文转发到转发设备2后，根据SRv6转发规则，在当前节点发送的数据报文中，IP头部的Dst地址设置为SRH头中最新的地址2000::14。进行IP路由转发；
数据报文转发到转发设备14后，根据SRv6转发规则，在当前节点发送的数据报文中，IP头部的Dst地址设置为SRH头中最新的地址2000::8，进行IP路由转发；
数据报文转发到移动网关8后，发现目标地址和当前节点地址一致，则不再转发，将 数据报文上交高层协议处理。
在另一种可能的实施中，上述第一TN传输路径的信息也可以是路径标识(如Bingding ID)，如果第一TN传输路径的信息是路径标识时，传输网控制网元还需将路径标识与对应的具体路由信息下发给接入网设备和移动网关。
以PDU会话为例，如图13所示为PDU会话建立方法示意图，该方法包括：
S1301：接入网设备向移动管理网元转发来自终端设备的PDU会话创建请求(如PDU session establishment request)。
其中，会话建立请求请求建立的会话包括一个或多个第一QoS flow。
S1302：所述移动管理网元向选择的会话管理功能网元发送PDU会话创建会话管理上下文请求(如Nsmf_PDU session_create SM context request)，并在PDU会话创建会话管理上下文请求中携带接入网设备的标识和所述PDU会话创建请求。
S1303：所述会话管理功能网元向所述移动管理网元发送PDU会话创建会话管理上下文响应(如Nsmf_PDU session_create SM context response)。
S1304:所述会话管理功能网元选择移动网关。
S1305：所述会话管理功能网元向传输网控制网元发送第一路径建立请求(如service path establish request)。
其中，所述第一路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、所述移动网关的标识以及所述一个或多个第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数。
S1306：所述传输网控制网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送第一路径建立响应(如service path establish response)。
其中，所述第一路径建立响应包括所述一个或多个QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
S1307：所述会话管理功能网元向移动网关发送第一N4会话建立请求(如N4 session modify request)。
其中，所述第一N4会话建立请求包括所述一个或多个第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
S1308：所述移动网关向所述会话管理功能网元发送第一N4会话建立响应(如N4 session establishment response)。
S1309：所述会话管理功能网元与移动管理网元交互通信消息传输消息(如Namf_communication_N1N2 message transfer消息)。
其中通信消息传输消息中携带PDU会话资源建立请求(如N2 PDU session resource setup request)。
其中，所述PDU会话资源建立请求包括所述一个或多个第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
S1310：所述移动管理网元向所述接入网设备发送所述PDU会话资源建立请求。
S1311：所述接入网设备和终端设备进行资源设置，包括接入网设备向终端设备发送PDU会话建立接受(如PDU session establishment accept)。
S1312：所述接入网设备向所述移动管理功能网元发送PDU会话资源建立响应。(如N2 PDU session resource setup response)。
完成PDU会话的建立后，接入网设备和移动网关根据会话中一个或多个第一QoS flow 的第一TN传输路径的信息，即可实现对接收到的上行数据报文或下行数据报文的转发。
在会话过程中，终端设备会存在增加会话中的QoS flow、修改会话中的QoS flow以及删除会话中的QoS flow的需求，下面结合具体需求场景进行说明。
场景一：增加会话中的QoS flow。
图14为本申请实施例提供的一种增加会话中的QoS flow的方法，该方法包括：
S1401：会话管理功能网元接收来自接入网设备的第一会话修改请求。
其中，所述第一会话修改请求来自终端设备，请求在所述会话中建立一个或多个第二QoS flow。
在一些实施中，对于接入网设备转发的来自终端设备的第一会话修改请求(如PDU session modification request)，可以经由移动管理网元转发给会话管理功能网元进行处理。
作为一种示例，移动管理网元可以通过PDU会话更新会话管理上下文请求(如Nsmf_PDU session_update SM context request)，将第一会话修改请求转发给会话管理功能网元，其中PDU会话更新会话管理上下文请求中携带所述第一会话修改请求。
S1402：所述会话管理功能网元向传输网控制网元发送第二路径建立请求，所述传输网控制网元接收所述第二路径建立请求，所述第二路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、所述移动网关的标识以及所述一个或多个第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数。
其中，第二QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数是根据与第二QoS flow的第一业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的。
S1403：对于所述一个或多个第二QoS flow中的每个第二QoS flow，所述传输网控制网元根据所述第二QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第二QoS flow确定第一TN传输路径。
S1404：所述传输网控制网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送第二路径建立响应，所述第二路径建立响应包括所述一个或多个第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
步骤S1402-S1404的实现与步骤S802-S804的实现原理类似，可以参照步骤S802-S804的实现，不再进行赘述。
S1405：所述会话管理功能网元向所述接入网设备发送第一会话资源修改请求，所述第一会话资源修改请求包括所述一个或多个第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
作为一种示例：会话管理功能网元接收到来自传输网控制网元的第二路径建立响应后，可以在通过移动管理网元透传给接入网设备的第一会话资源修改请求中携带所述一个或多个第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
另外，为了便于移动网关对会话中一个或多个第二QoS flow的第一TN传输路径的信息的获知，会话管理功能网元接收到来自传输网控制网元的第二路径建立响应后，可以向移动网关发送第二N4会话建立请求，所述第二N4会话建立请求包括所述一个或多个第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
接入网设备和移动网关根据会话中一个或多个第二QoS flow的第一TN传输路径的信息，即可实现对属于所述一个或多个第二QoS flow的数据报文的转发。
场景二：修改会话中的QoS flow。
图15为本申请实施例提供的一种修改会话中的QoS flow的方法，该方法包括：
S1501：会话管理功能网元接收来自接入网设备的第二会话修改请求。
其中，所述第二会话修改请求来自终端设备，请求修改所述会话中的一个或多个第三QoS flow。
作为一种示例，会话中包括QoS flow 1和QoS flow 2，QoS flow 1的5QI为1、QoS flow 2的5QI为2，终端设备将QoS flow 2的5QI由2修改为3时，也即将QoS flow 2的业务类型由第一业务类型(5QI＝2)修改为第二业务类型(5QI＝3)时，会向接入网设备发送第二会话修改请求，并携带QoS flow 2的业务类型由第一业务类型(5QI＝2)修改为第二业务类型(5QI＝3)的信息。
S1502：所述会话管理功能网元向所述传输网控制网元发送路径修改请求，所述传输网控制网元接收所述路径修改请求，所述路径修改请求包括所述一个或多个第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN QoS参数。
其中，第三QoS flow的第二TN QoS参数是根据与第三QoS flow的第二业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的。
S1503：对于所述一个或多个第三QoS flow中的每个第三QoS flow，所述传输网控制网元根据所述第三QoS flow的第二TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第三QoS flow确定第二TN传输路径。
QoS flow的业务类型发生变化，会导致QoS flow的TN QoS参数发生变化，对于业务类型发生变化的第三QoS flow，会话管理功能网元可以根据与第三QoS flow的第二业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关映射的TN QoS参数，重新确定第三QoS flow的TN QoS参数。
同样，对于业务类型发生变化的第三QoS flow，传输网控制网元可以根据第三QoS flow新的TN QoS参数(即第二TN QoS参数)，在接入网设备和移动网关间，为第三QoS flow重新计算满足一条满足新的TN QoS参数要求的第二TN传输路径。
其中，传输网控制网元为第三QoS flow重新计算满足一条满足新的TN QoS参数要求的第二TN传输路径时，可以先对第三QoS flow原有的第一TN传输路径进行调整，得到满足新的TN QoS参数要求的第二TN传输路径，也可以直接删除第三QoS flow原有的第一TN传输路径，新建一条满足新的TN QoS参数要求的第二TN传输路径，本申请不作限定。
作为一种示例，传输网控制网元接收到的路径修改请求包括接入网设备的标识为1、移动网关的标识为8、{QoS flow2，5QI＝3，TN QoS参数2’}、其中TN QoS参数2’为{1，100ms，0.1％}，传输网控制网元为QoS flow2重新在接入网设备1和移动网关8间计算一条满足{1，100ms，0.1％}的TN传输路径。
S1504：所述传输网控制网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送路径修改响应，所述会话管理功能网元接收所述路径修改响应，所述路径修改响应包括所述一个或多个第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
S1505：所述会话管理功能网元向所述接入网设备发送第二会话资源修改请求，所述第二会话资源修改请求包括所述一个或多个第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
另外，为了便于移动网关对会话中一个或多个第三QoS flow的第二TN传输路径的信息的获知，会话管理功能网元接收到来自传输网控制网元的路径修改响应后，可以向移动 网关发送N4会话修改请求，所述N4会话修改请求包括所述一个或多个第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
以PDU会话修改为例，如图16所示为PDU会话修改方法示意图，该方法包括：
S1601：接入网设备向移动管理网元转发来自终端设备的PDU会话修改请求(如PDU session modification request)。
其中，所述PDU会话修改请求请求修改所述会话中的一个或多个第三QoS flow。
S1602：所述移动管理网元向会话管理功能网元发送PDU会话更新会话管理上下文请求(如Nsmf_PDU session_update SM context)，并在PDU会话更新会话管理上下文请求中携带接入网设备的标识和所述PDU会话修改请求。
S1603：所述会话管理功能网元向传输网控制网元发送路径修改请求(如service path modify request)。
其中，所述路径修改请求包括所述一个或多个第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN QoS参数。
S1604：所述传输网控制网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送路径修改响应(如service path modify response)。
其中，所述路径修改响应包括所述一个或多个第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
S1605：所述会话管理功能网元向移动网关发送N4会话修改请求(如N4 session modification request)。
其中，所述N4会话修改请求包括所述一个或多个第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
S1606：所述移动网关向所述会话管理功能网元发送N4会话修改响应(如N4 session modification response)。
S1607：所述会话管理功能网元向所述移动管理网元发送PDU会话更新会话管理上下文响应(如Nsmf_PDU session_update SM context)。
S1608：所述会话管理功能网元向移动管理网元发送通信消息传输消息(如Namf_communication_N1N2 message transfer消息)。
其中通信消息传输消息中可以携带PDU会话资源修改请求(如N2 PDU session resource mofiy)，所述PDU会话资源修改请求包括所述一个或多个第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
S1609：所述移动管理网元向所述接入网设备发送所述PDU会话资源修改请求。
S1610：所述接入网设备和终端设备进行传输资源修改，包括PDU会话修改命令/应答的交互。(AN-specific resource modification of transport(including PDU session modification command/ack))。
接入网设备和移动网关根据修改后的一个或多个第三QoS flow的第二TN传输路径的信息，即可实现对属于所述一个或多个第三QoS flow的数据报文的转发。
场景三：删除会话中的QoS flow。
图17为本申请实施例提供的一种删除会话中的QoS flow的方法，该方法包括：
S1701：会话管理功能网元接收来自接入网设备的第三会话修改请求。
其中，所述第三会话修改请求来自所述终端设备，请求删除所述会话中的一个或多个 第四QoS flow。
S1702：所述会话管理功能网元向所述传输网控制网元发送路径释放请求，所述传输网控制网元接收所述路径释放请求，所述路径释放请求包括所述一个或多个第四QoS flow的业务实例标识。
S1703：所述传输网控制网元释放所述一个或多个第四QoS flow的TN传输路径。
对于会话中没有数据报文传输或无法满足QoS参数要求等的第四QoS flow，终端设备可以发起第三会话修改请求删除会话中存在的一个或多个第四QoS flow。会话管理功能网元接收到来自终端设备的第三会话修改请求后，可以向传输网控制网元发送包括所述一个或多个第四QoS flow的业务实例标识的路径释放请求，请求传输网控制网元释放所述一个或多个第四QoS flow的TN传输路径；传输网控制网元根据路径释放请求中包括的一个或多个第四QoS flow的业务实例标识，释放所述一个或多个第四QoS flow的TN传输路径。
作为一种示例，当TN传输路径的信息为路径标识时，传输网控制网元可以删除一个或多个第四QoS flow的TN传输路径的路径标识，并通知接入网设备和移动网关删除所述一个或多个第四QoS flow的TN传输路径的路径标识以及与路径标识对应的具体的路由信息。
在一些实施中，如图18所示，传输网控制网元还可以对会话中每个QoS flow的TN传输路径进行监控，当会话中存在一个或多个TN传输路径不满足TN QoS参数的第五QoS flow时，向会话管理功能网元发送包括所述一个或多个第五QoS flow的业务实例标识的路径释放通知，请求会话管理功能网元释放所述一个或多个第五QoS flow，或为所述会话重选移动网关，以保证通信质量。
为保证数据报文传输的连续性，当会话中存在一个或多个TN传输路径不满足TN QoS参数的第五QoS flow时，传输网控制器也可以先尝试修改所述一个或多个第五QoS flow的TN传输路径，如果修改后的TN传输路径满足TN QoS参数要求，将修改后的TN传输路径的信息通知接入网设备和移动网关；如果修改后的TN传输路径仍不满足TN QoS参数要求，向会话管理功能网元发送路径释放通知。
作为一种示例，QoS flow1对应的TN传输路径的Binding ID为11。则传输网控制网元可以周期性的检查该Binding ID 11上的TN QoS参数是否满足QoS flow1的TN QoS参数要求。如果发现已经不能满足，则发送路径释放通知(如service path release notify)，携带{QoS flow1，Binding ID 11}到会话管理功能网元，会话管理功能网元根据情况决定释放QoS flow1或者重选移动管理网元重建QoS flow1，并返回路径释放通知响应(如service path release notify response)。
另外，需要理解的是，在算力网络、边缘计算网络等新型未来网络中，都需要考虑根据业务的需要和传输网络的实时状况，进行统一调度，满足上层业务的QoS要求，提高业务体验。因此，本申请实施例的方案，也可以适用到算力网络、边缘计算网络等新型未来网络中，根据业务需求节点和业务提供节点集之间的传输网络的QoS，选择能够满足业务QoS要求的节点，满足业务的整体诉求。
上述主要从会话管理功能网元、传输网控制网元和网管网元之间交互的角度对本申请提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，为了实现上述功能，各网元包括了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块(或单元)。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软 件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
图19和图20为本申请的实施例提供的可能的通信装置的结构示意图。这些通信装置可以用于实现上述方法实施例中会话管理功能网元、传输网控制网元或网管网元的功能，因此也能实现上述方法实施例所具备的有益效果。在本申请的实施例中，该通信装置可以是上述方法实施例中的会话管理功能网元、传输网控制网元或网管网元，还可以是应用于会话管理功能网元、传输网控制网元或网管网元的模块(如芯片)。
如图19所示。通信装置1900可以包括：处理单元1902和通信单元1903，还可以包括存储单元1901。通信装置1900用于实现上述方法实施例中会话管理功能网元、传输网控制网元或网管网元的功能。
一种可能的设计中，处理单元1902用于实现相应的处理功能。通信单元1903用于支持通信装置1900与其他网络实体的通信。存储单元1901，用于存储通信装置1900的程序代码和/或数据。可选地，通信单元1903可以包括接收单元和/或发送单元，分别用于执行接收和发送操作。
当通信装置1900用于实现方法实施例中会话管理功能网元的功能时：
所述通信单元1903，用于接收来自接入网设备的会话建立请求，所述会话建立请求请求建立的会话包括第一服务质量QoS流flow；
所述处理单元1902，用于确定所述第一QoS flow的第一传输网TN QoS参数，所述第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数是根据与所述第一QoS flow的第一业务类型、所述接入网设备和为所述会话选择的移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；
所述通信单元1903，还用于向传输网控制网元发送第一路径建立请求，所述第一路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、所述移动网关的标识以及所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数；
所述通信单元1903，还用于接收来自所述传输网控制网元的第一路径建立响应，所述第一路径建立响应包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息；以及向所述接入网设备发送会话资源建立请求，所述会话资源建立请求包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信单元1903，还用于向所述移动网关发送第一N4会话建立请求，所述第一N4会话建立请求包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信单元1903，还用于向网管网元发送QoS配置请求，所述QoS配置请求包括所述会话管理功能网元管理的一个或多个移动网关的标识；接收来自所述网管网元的QoS配置响应，所述QoS配置响应包括所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信单元1903，还用于接收来自所述接入网设备的第一会话修改请求，所述第一会话修改请求请求在所述会话中建立第二QoS flow；向传输网控制网元发送第二路径建立请求，所述第二路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、所述移动网关的标识以及所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数，所述第二QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数是所述处理单元1902根据与所述第二QoS flow的第一业务类型、 所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；
以及接收来自所述传输网控制网元的第二路径建立响应，所述第二路径建立响应包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息；向所述接入网设备发送第一会话资源修改请求，所述第一会话资源修改请求包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信单元1903，还用于向所述移动网关发送第二N4会话建立请求，所述第二N4会话建立请求包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信单元1903，还用于接收来自所述接入网设备的第二会话修改请求，所述第二会话修改请求请求修改所述会话中的第三QoS flow；向所述传输网控制网元发送路径修改请求，所述路径修改请求包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN QoS参数，所述第三QoS flow的第二TN QoS参数是所述处理单元1902根据与所述第三QoS flow的第二业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；
以及接收来自所述传输网控制网元的路径修改响应，所述路径修改响应包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息；向所述接入网设备发送第二会话资源修改请求，所述第二会话资源修改请求包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信单元1903，还用于向所述移动网关发送N4会话修改请求，所述N4会话修改请求包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信单元1903，还用于接收来自所述接入网设备的第三会话修改请求，所述第三会话修改请求请求删除所述会话中的第四QoS flow；向所述传输网控制网元发送路径释放请求，所述路径释放请求包括所述第四QoS flow的业务实例标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信单元1903，还用于接收来自所述传输网控制网元的路径释放通知，所述路径释放通知包括所述会话中的第五QoS flow的业务实例标识；
所述处理单元1902，还用于释放所述第五QoS flow，或为所述会话重选移动网关。
在一种可能的设计中，所述TN QoS参数包括以下至少一项：
调度优先级、传输时延、误包率、最大流速率、保证流速率。
当通信装置1900用于实现方法实施例中传输网控制网元的功能时：
所述通信单元1903，用于接收来自会话管理功能网元的第一路径建立请求，所述第一路径建立请求包括接入网设备的标识、移动网关的标识以及第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一传输网TN QoS参数；
所述处理单元1902，用于根据所述第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第一QoS flow确定第一TN传输路径；
所述通信单元1903，还用于向所述会话管理功能网元发送第一路径建立响应，所述第一路径建立响应包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信单元1903，还用于接收来自所述会话管理功能网元的第二路径建立请求，所述第二路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、所述移动网关的标识以及第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数；
所述处理单元1902，还用于根据所述第二QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第二QoS flow确定第一TN传输路径；
所述通信单元1903，还用于向所述会话管理功能网元发送第二路径建立响应，所述第二路径建立响应包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信单元1903，还用于接收来自所述会话管理功能网元的路径修改请求，所述路径修改请求包括第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN QoS参数；
所述处理单元1902，还用于根据所述第三QoS flow的第二TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第三QoS flow确定第二TN传输路径；
所述通信单元1903，还用于向所述会话管理功能网元发送路径修改响应，所述路径修改响应包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信单元1903，还用于接收来自所述会话管理功能网元的路径释放请求，所述路径释放请求包括第四QoS flow的业务实例标识；
所述处理单元1902，还用于释放所述第四QoS flow的TN传输路径。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信单元1903，还用于当所述处理单元1902确定存在TN传输路径不满足TN QoS参数的第五QoS flow时，向所述会话管理功能网元发送路径释放通知，所述路径释放通知包括所述第五QoS flow的业务实例标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述TN QoS参数包括以下至少一项：调度优先级、传输时延、误包率、最大流速率、保证流速率。
当通信装置1900用于实现方法实施例中网管网元的功能时：所述通信单元1903，用于接收来自会话管理功能网元的服务质量QoS配置请求，所述QoS配置请求包括所述会话管理功能网元管理的一个或多个移动网关的标识；
所述处理单元1902，用于确定所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则；
所述通信单元1903，还用于向所述会话管理功能网元发送QoS配置响应，所述QoS配置响应包括所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则。
有关上述处理单元1902和通信单元1903更详细的描述可以直接参考方法实施例中相关描述直接得到，这里不加赘述。
如图20所示，通信装置2000包括处理器2010和接口电路2020。处理器2010和接口电路2020之间相互耦合。可以理解的是，接口电路2020可以为收发器或输入输出接口。可选的，通信装置2000还可以包括存储器2030，用于存储处理器2010执行的指令或存储处理器2010运行指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理器2010运行指令后产生的数据。
当通信装置2000用于实现上述方法实施例中适用于会话管理功能网元、传输网控制网元或网管网元的通信方法时，处理器2010用于实现上述处理单元1902的功能，接口电路2020用于实现上述通信单元1903的功能。
作为本实施例的另一种形式，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有指令，该指令被执行时可以执行上述方法实施例中适用于会话管理功能网元、传输网控制网元或网管网元的通信方法。
作为本实施例的另一种形式，提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，该指令被执行时 可以执行上述方法实施例中适用于会话管理功能网元、传输网控制网元或网管网元的通信方法。
作为本实施例的另一种形式，提供一种芯片，所述芯片运行时，可以执行上述方法实施例中适用于会话管理功能网元、传输网控制网元或网管网元的通信方法。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本申请的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (37)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    会话管理功能网元接收来自接入网设备的会话建立请求，所述会话建立请求请求建立的会话包括第一服务质量QoS流flow；
    所述会话管理功能网元向传输网控制网元发送第一路径建立请求，所述第一路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、为所述会话选择的移动网关的标识以及所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一传输网TN QoS参数，所述第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数是根据与所述第一QoS flow的第一业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；
    所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述传输网控制网元的第一路径建立响应，所述第一路径建立响应包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息；
    所述会话管理功能网元向所述接入网设备发送会话资源建立请求，所述会话资源建立请求包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理功能网元向所述移动网关发送第一N4会话建立请求，所述第一N4会话建立请求包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理功能网元向网管网元发送QoS配置请求，所述QoS配置请求包括所述会话管理功能网元管理的一个或多个移动网关的标识；
    所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述网管网元的QoS配置响应，所述QoS配置响应包括所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述接入网设备的第一会话修改请求，所述第一会话修改请求请求在所述会话中建立第二QoS flow；
    所述会话管理功能网元向传输网控制网元发送第二路径建立请求，所述第二路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、所述移动网关的标识以及所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数，所述第二QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数是根据与所述第二QoS flow的第一业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；
    所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述传输网控制网元的第二路径建立响应，所述第二路径建立响应包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息；
    所述会话管理功能网元向所述接入网设备发送第一会话资源修改请求，所述第一会话资源修改请求包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理功能网元向所述移动网关发送第二N4会话建立请求，所述第二N4会话建立请求包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述接入网设备的第二会话修改请求，所述第二会话修改请求请求修改所述会话中的第三QoS flow；
    所述会话管理功能网元向所述传输网控制网元发送路径修改请求，所述路径修改请求包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN QoS参数，所述第三QoS flow的第二TN QoS参数是根据与所述第三QoS flow的第二业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；
    所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述传输网控制网元的路径修改响应，所述路径修改响应包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息；
    所述会话管理功能网元向所述接入网设备发送第二会话资源修改请求，所述第二会话资源修改请求包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理功能网元向所述移动网关发送N4会话修改请求，所述N4会话修改请求包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
  8. 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述接入网设备的第三会话修改请求，所述第三会话修改请求请求删除所述会话中的第四QoS flow；
    所述会话管理功能网元向所述传输网控制网元发送路径释放请求，所述路径释放请求包括所述第四QoS flow的业务实例标识。
  9. 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理功能网元接收来自所述传输网控制网元的路径释放通知，所述路径释放通知包括所述会话中的第五QoS flow的业务实例标识；
    所述会话管理功能网元释放所述第五QoS flow，或为所述会话重选移动网关。
  10. 如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述TN QoS参数包括以下至少一项：
    调度优先级、传输时延、误包率、最大流速率、保证流速率。
  11. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    传输网控制网元接收来自会话管理功能网元的第一路径建立请求，所述第一路径建立请求包括接入网设备的标识、移动网关的标识以及第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一传输网TN QoS参数；
    所述传输网控制网元根据所述第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第一QoS flow确定第一TN传输路径；
    所述传输网控制网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送第一路径建立响应，所述第一路径建立响应包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述传输网控制网元接收来自所述会话管理功能网元的第二路径建立请求，所述第二路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、所述移动网关的标识以及第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数；
    所述传输网控制网元根据所述第二QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第二QoS flow确定第一TN传输路径；
    所述传输网控制网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送第二路径建立响应，所述第二路径建立响应包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述传输网控制网元接收来自所述会话管理功能网元的路径修改请求，所述路径修改请求包括第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN QoS参数；
    所述传输网控制网元根据所述第三QoS flow的第二TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第三QoS flow确定第二TN传输路径；
    所述传输网控制网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送路径修改响应，所述路径修改响应包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
  14. 如权利要求11-13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述传输网控制网元接收来自所述会话管理功能网元的路径释放请求，所述路径释放请求包括第四QoS flow的业务实例标识；
    所述传输网控制网元释放所述第四QoS flow的TN传输路径。
  15. 如权利要求11-14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述传输网控制器确定存在TN传输路径不满足TN QoS参数的第五QoS flow时，所述传输网控制器向所述会话管理功能网元发送路径释放通知，所述路径释放通知包括所述第五QoS flow的业务实例标识。
  16. 如权利要求11-15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述TN QoS参数包括以下至少一项：
    调度优先级、传输时延、误包率、最大流速率、保证流速率。
  17. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网管网元接收来自会话管理功能网元的服务质量QoS配置请求，所述QoS配置请求包括所述会话管理功能网元管理的一个或多个移动网关的标识；
    所述网管网元向所述会话管理功能网元发送QoS配置响应，所述QoS配置响应包括所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则。
  18. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理单元和通信单元；
    所述通信单元，用于接收来自接入网设备的会话建立请求，所述会话建立请求请求建立的会话包括第一服务质量QoS流flow；
    所述处理单元，用于确定所述第一QoS flow的第一传输网TN QoS参数，所述第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数是根据与所述第一QoS flow的第一业务类型、所述接入网设备和为所述会话选择的移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；
    所述通信单元，还用于向传输网控制网元发送第一路径建立请求，所述第一路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、所述移动网关的标识以及所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数；
    所述通信单元，还用于接收来自所述传输网控制网元的第一路径建立响应，所述第一路径建立响应包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息；以及向所述接入网设备发送会话资源建立请求，所述会话资源建立请求包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于向所述移动网关发送第一N4会话建立请求，所述第一N4会话建立请求包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
  20. 如权利要求18或19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于向网管网元 发送QoS配置请求，所述QoS配置请求包括所述会话管理功能网元管理的一个或多个移动网关的标识；接收来自所述网管网元的QoS配置响应，所述QoS配置响应包括所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则。
  21. 如权利要求18-20中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于接收来自所述接入网设备的第一会话修改请求，所述第一会话修改请求请求在所述会话中建立第二QoS flow；向传输网控制网元发送第二路径建立请求，所述第二路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、所述移动网关的标识以及所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数，所述第二QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数是所述处理单元根据与所述第二QoS flow的第一业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；
    以及接收来自所述传输网控制网元的第二路径建立响应，所述第二路径建立响应包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息；向所述接入网设备发送第一会话资源修改请求，所述第一会话资源修改请求包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于向所述移动网关发送第二N4会话建立请求，所述第二N4会话建立请求包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
  23. 如权利要求18-21中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于接收来自所述接入网设备的第二会话修改请求，所述第二会话修改请求请求修改所述会话中的第三QoS flow；向所述传输网控制网元发送路径修改请求，所述路径修改请求包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN QoS参数，所述第三QoS flow的第二TN QoS参数是所述处理单元根据与所述第三QoS flow的第二业务类型、所述接入网设备和所述移动网关映射的TN QoS参数确定的；
    以及接收来自所述传输网控制网元的路径修改响应，所述路径修改响应包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息；向所述接入网设备发送第二会话资源修改请求，所述第二会话资源修改请求包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于向所述移动网关发送N4会话修改请求，所述N4会话修改请求包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
  25. 如权利要求18-24中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于接收来自所述接入网设备的第三会话修改请求，所述第三会话修改请求请求删除所述会话中的第四QoS flow；向所述传输网控制网元发送路径释放请求，所述路径释放请求包括所述第四QoS flow的业务实例标识。
  26. 如权利要求18-25中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于接收来自所述传输网控制网元的路径释放通知，所述路径释放通知包括所述会话中的第五QoS flow的业务实例标识；
    所述处理单元，还用于释放所述第五QoS flow，或为所述会话重选移动网关。
  27. 如权利要求18-26中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述TN QoS参数包括以下至少一项：
    调度优先级、传输时延、误包率、最大流速率、保证流速率。
  28. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理单元和通信单元；
    所述通信单元，用于接收来自会话管理功能网元的第一路径建立请求，所述第一路径建立请求包括接入网设备的标识、移动网关的标识以及第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一传输网TN QoS参数；
    所述处理单元，用于根据所述第一QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第一QoS flow确定第一TN传输路径；
    所述通信单元，还用于向所述会话管理功能网元发送第一路径建立响应，所述第一路径建立响应包括所述第一QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于接收来自所述会话管理功能网元的第二路径建立请求，所述第二路径建立请求包括所述接入网设备的标识、所述移动网关的标识以及第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN QoS参数；
    所述处理单元，还用于根据所述第二QoS flow的第一TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第二QoS flow确定第一TN传输路径；
    所述通信单元，还用于向所述会话管理功能网元发送第二路径建立响应，所述第二路径建立响应包括所述第二QoS flow的业务实例标识和第一TN传输路径的信息。
  30. 如权利要求28或29所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于接收来自所述会话管理功能网元的路径修改请求，所述路径修改请求包括第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN QoS参数；
    所述处理单元，还用于根据所述第三QoS flow的第二TN QoS参数，在所述接入网设备和所述移动网关间为所述第三QoS flow确定第二TN传输路径；
    所述通信单元，还用于向所述会话管理功能网元发送路径修改响应，所述路径修改响应包括所述第三QoS flow的业务实例标识和第二TN传输路径的信息。
  31. 如权利要求28-30中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于接收来自所述会话管理功能网元的路径释放请求，所述路径释放请求包括第四QoS flow的业务实例标识；
    所述处理单元，还用于释放所述第四QoS flow的TN传输路径。
  32. 如权利要求28-31中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于当所述处理单元确定存在TN传输路径不满足TN QoS参数的第五QoS flow时，向所述会话管理功能网元发送路径释放通知，所述路径释放通知包括所述第五QoS flow的业务实例标识。
  33. 如权利要求28-32中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述TN QoS参数包括以下至少一项：调度优先级、传输时延、误包率、最大流速率、保证流速率。
  34. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理单元和通信单元；
    所述通信单元，用于接收来自会话管理功能网元的服务质量QoS配置请求，所述QoS配置请求包括所述会话管理功能网元管理的一个或多个移动网关的标识；
    所述处理单元，用于确定所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则；
    所述通信单元，还用于向所述会话管理功能网元发送QoS配置响应，所述QoS配置响应包括所述一个或多个移动网关所对应的TN QoS参数与QoS flow的业务类型、接入网设备和移动网关的映射规则。
  35. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质用于存储计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法，或执行如权利要求11-16中任一项所述的方法，或执行如权利要求17中任一项所述的方法。
  36. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，所述芯片系统包括：
    处理器和接口，所述处理器用于从所述接口调用并运行指令，当所述处理器执行所述指令时，实现如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法，或实现如权利要求11-16中任一项所述的方法，或实现如权利要求17中任一项所述的方法。
  37. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令被执行时，实现如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法，或实现如权利要求11-16中任一项所述的方法，或实现如权利要求17中任一项所述的方法。
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