WO2020023000A1 - Matériau composite à base d'articles en poléthylène usés et de déchets de bois - Google Patents

Matériau composite à base d'articles en poléthylène usés et de déchets de bois Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020023000A1
WO2020023000A1 PCT/UA2019/000107 UA2019000107W WO2020023000A1 WO 2020023000 A1 WO2020023000 A1 WO 2020023000A1 UA 2019000107 W UA2019000107 W UA 2019000107W WO 2020023000 A1 WO2020023000 A1 WO 2020023000A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waste
dry
items
products
wood waste
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/UA2019/000107
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Максим Геннадиевич ЗАМРИКА
Original Assignee
Максим Геннадиевич ЗАМРИКА
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Максим Геннадиевич ЗАМРИКА filed Critical Максим Геннадиевич ЗАМРИКА
Publication of WO2020023000A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020023000A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/02—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethene
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite material from household waste based on polyethylene waste and waste from the woodworking industry, and can be used for the manufacture of products for use in various industries.
  • This material can be used in the manufacture of products - tiles, plates, sheets and rods, individual parts or assemblies, finishes and other for subsequent use in construction, household plots and others.
  • a wood-polymer composite material is known from the prior art (RF patent N ° 2041060, IPC B27N 3/02, ⁇ 04 ⁇ 38 / 00, publ. 09/08/1995) containing wood particles 80-500 microns in size and a thermoplastic binder of polyolefin recycled wastes, the following ratio of components of the mixture, mass .:
  • Polyolefin processing waste 10-20 Polyolefin processing waste 10-20.
  • the disadvantages of this wood-polymer composite material include the following.
  • thermoplastic wastes RF patent 2581047, IPC ⁇ 04 ⁇ 18 / 26, C08L97 / 02, C08L23 / 06, C08L25 / 06, C08L67 / 03, publ.
  • thermoplastic plastics which consist of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), low pressure polyethylene (HDPE) and high pressure polyethylene (binder, are used as filler) LDPE
  • the foaming agent azodicarbonamide is used in the following ratio of components of the mixture, wt.%: PET-11-13, PS-12-14, HDPE-11-13, PEVD-10-13, azodicarbonamide 1-2, technological wood chips 55-45.
  • a disadvantage of the known material is the use of the chemical additive azodicarbonamide, which mixes with thermoplastic plastics at high temperature, and can evaporate, which makes the production of the material dangerous for workers, because it is known that azodicarbonamide can cause allergic reactions.
  • thermoplastic plastics made according to state standards are used in production, which makes it impossible to create material from used plastic products.
  • the material as a result, has a high cost.
  • the closest analogue was selected polymer composition for hard roofing (Patent UA N ° 46942, IPC C08L23 / 22, publ. 06/17/2002), which contains a polyolefin, filler, pigments, modifier, antioxidant and other chemical additives.
  • Used polyolefin is used greenhouse and packaging plastic film, and filler is waste of plant origin, for example, husk of rice and / or inorganic origin, and butyl rubber is used as a modifier, and pigments are metal oxides, for example, iron, chromium, cobalt oxides titanium, and as chemical additives, the UV absorber and paraffin lubricant are used in the following ratio of the components of the composition, parts by weight: polyethylene film 100, filler 25-45, pigments 1-6, butyl rubber 3-5, en thioxidant 0.1 -1.0, chemical additives, light stabilizer 0.3-3.0, UV absorber (UVA), paraffin lubricant 0.2-1.0.
  • UV absorber UV absorber
  • a used polyethylene film is used as a binder polyolefin, which is used to cover greenhouses, greenhouses, haylage and packaging of products and other film products, in particular, vegetable waste is used as a filler, which allows the material to be released from waste, but in the production of the composition, a sufficiently large number of chemical additives are used, which is harmful to production workers, and the manufactured material is not cologically clean.
  • the use of various chemical additives increases the cost of the resulting material.
  • Rice husk is used as a filler, which, as you know, contains a large amount (up to 23%) of silicon dioxide, which is characterized by very low adhesion. This complicates the process of "bonding" the composition and does not provide sufficient strength of the created material.
  • the result is a material that has heterogeneous physical and mechanical properties, in particular various surface roughness and density in different areas of the material, low strength indicators. In this case, the formation of cracks, splits, which in turn leads to the destruction of the material under the influence of water, does not provide moisture resistance of the known material.
  • the amount of filler of vegetable origin in the composition is, in terms of, about 17-30% by weight of the material, and polyethylene about 62-77%. Changing the ratio of the components of the material in a fairly narrow range does not allow, to a sufficient extent, vary the mechanical properties of the finished material, which limits its scope.
  • the basis of the invention is the task to create a new environmentally friendly, homogeneous, waterproof composite material based on used polyethylene products and wood waste with increased strength with a wide range of mechanical properties, which can be changed depending on the purpose of the products made from this material with the expansion of the scope at low cost price.
  • dry small wood waste such as dry sawdust, dry leaves
  • plant waste creates an environmentally friendly composite material, the production of which does not use harmful, valuable chemical additives.
  • Dry small wood waste such as dry sawdust, dry leaves that are fragile and easily chopped into small pieces, unlike rice husks, which is used in the closest analogue, have better adhesion, which, together with other essential features, allows you to create a uniform composite material with increased strength, moisture resistant, with more uniform physical and mechanical properties in various areas of the material.
  • pre-crushed used polyethylene products are used. This is necessary to unify the properties of these products that are different in form, size, degree of contamination and specific characteristics.
  • Pre-grinding can be defined as the formation of particles of a certain size to reduce the volume and homogenize the mixture of used plastic products and dry small wood waste.
  • the use of crushed used polyethylene products makes it possible to improve the quality of the composite material obtained by creating a sufficiently homogeneous mixture during cold mixing with small wood waste, which, when mixed again under pressure and temperature, turns into a material in which small wood waste is completely moistened with molten polyethylene.
  • High-quality bonding of the components of the mixture is carried out as a result of enveloping the wood particles with molten polyethylene, good adhesion of the components of the mixture, and, as a result, obtaining high quality material, uniformity and strength.
  • crushed used polyethylene products are mixed with dry small wood waste in the following ratio, wt.%:
  • the properties of such a material are determined mainly by the properties of polyethylene.
  • the properties of the material obtained are primarily determined by the properties of the wood particles and the nature of the relationship between the wood particles and polyethylene.
  • Composite material based on used plastic products and wood waste is made as follows.
  • plastic bags can be used plastic bags, already used plastic film, disposable plastic cups that are collected, for example, in special containers that are installed in the courtyards of high-rise buildings, and other plastic products.
  • the collected used polyethylene products are crushed to particles whose size does not exceed 1 mm.
  • the crushed used polyethylene products in an amount of 20-70% of the mass, together with dry wood waste in the amount of 30-80% of the mass, are subjected to preliminary thorough mixing without affecting the temperature.
  • dry small wood waste use dry sawdust, dry fallen leaves.
  • the material can be set to any shape, and get any form of products, for example, timber, garden tiles, paving slabs, various containers and more.
  • Products obtained from the manufactured material are resistant to moisture, are not susceptible to corrosion and decay, have high electrical insulation performance. They have a homogeneous structure, without cracks and voids, durable, cheap.
  • the production of such material is aimed at the disposal of used polyethylene products and waste from woodworking enterprises, and helps to clean the environment.
  • Composite material based on used polyethylene products and wood waste has a lower cost compared to the closest analogue, and chemical additives harmful to manufacturers are not used in its implementation.
  • Preliminary grinding of used polyethylene products significantly improves the quality of the material obtained, and further facilitates better mixing of precisely crushed used polyethylene products with dry, fine wood waste with the formation of a fairly uniform mass.
  • the invention allows to create a new environmentally friendly, homogeneous, waterproof composite material based on used polyethylene products and wood waste with increased strength with a wide range of mechanical properties, which can be changed depending on the purpose of the products made from this material with the expansion of the scope at low cost.
  • the proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, since it does not contain any structural elements or materials that cannot be reproduced at the present stage of development of technology in industrial

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau composite issu de déchets domestiques à base de déchets de polyéthylène et de déchets de l'industrie de transformation du bois, et peut être utilisée afin de produire des articles que l'on utilise dans divers domaines de l'économie. Ce matériau composite à base d'articles en poléthylène usés et de déchets de bois comprend des déchets d'origine végétale et des articles en poléthylène usés. On utilise en qualité de déchets d'origine végétale des déchets de bois fins et secs comme de la sciure sèche, des feuilles sèches et, en qualité d'articles en poléthylène usés, des articles en poléthylène usés préalablement broyés ayant un taux de pollution allant jusqu'à 30% et mélangés aux déchets de bois fins et secs selon la proportion suivante, en % en poids: articles en poléthylène usés 20-70; déchets de bois fins et secs 30-80. Le résultat technique consiste en une uniformité de la structure, une résistance à l'eau du matériau composite à base d'articles en poléthylène usés et de déchets de bois avec une meilleure solidité, en la possibilité de créer des matériaux ayant une grande plage de propriétés mécaniques qui peuvent changer en fonction de la vocation des articles faits de ce matériau tout en élargissant la plage d'application dudit matériau et en réduisant ses coûts intrinsèques.
PCT/UA2019/000107 2018-07-24 2019-08-13 Matériau composite à base d'articles en poléthylène usés et de déchets de bois WO2020023000A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
UAA201808177 2018-07-24
UAA201808177 2018-07-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020023000A1 true WO2020023000A1 (fr) 2020-01-30

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/UA2019/000107 WO2020023000A1 (fr) 2018-07-24 2019-08-13 Matériau composite à base d'articles en poléthylène usés et de déchets de bois

Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO2020023000A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1604817A1 (ru) * 1987-10-05 1990-11-07 Брянский Областной Дорожно-Строительный Трест "Агропромдорстрой" Способ приготовлени полимерасфальтобетонной смеси
WO2003079763A1 (fr) * 2002-03-21 2003-10-02 Xyleco, Inc. Compositions et composites de materiaux et resines cellulosiques et lignocellulosiques, et leur procede de fabrication
RU2373001C1 (ru) * 2008-09-24 2009-11-20 Василий Степанович Рузавин Комплекс утилизации железнодорожных деревянных шпал с выработкой теплоэнергии, с линиями производства опилкобетона и древеснонаполненных пластмасс
RU2473578C1 (ru) * 2011-06-27 2013-01-27 Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Учреждение Науки Институт Биохимической Физики Им. Н.М. Эмануэля Российской Академии Наук (Ибхф Ран) Биоразлагаемая термопластичная композиция

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1604817A1 (ru) * 1987-10-05 1990-11-07 Брянский Областной Дорожно-Строительный Трест "Агропромдорстрой" Способ приготовлени полимерасфальтобетонной смеси
WO2003079763A1 (fr) * 2002-03-21 2003-10-02 Xyleco, Inc. Compositions et composites de materiaux et resines cellulosiques et lignocellulosiques, et leur procede de fabrication
RU2373001C1 (ru) * 2008-09-24 2009-11-20 Василий Степанович Рузавин Комплекс утилизации железнодорожных деревянных шпал с выработкой теплоэнергии, с линиями производства опилкобетона и древеснонаполненных пластмасс
RU2473578C1 (ru) * 2011-06-27 2013-01-27 Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Учреждение Науки Институт Биохимической Физики Им. Н.М. Эмануэля Российской Академии Наук (Ибхф Ран) Биоразлагаемая термопластичная композиция

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