WO2019245816A1 - Procédé et appareil pour éliminer des contaminants d'un flux de déchets organiques - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour éliminer des contaminants d'un flux de déchets organiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019245816A1
WO2019245816A1 PCT/US2019/036702 US2019036702W WO2019245816A1 WO 2019245816 A1 WO2019245816 A1 WO 2019245816A1 US 2019036702 W US2019036702 W US 2019036702W WO 2019245816 A1 WO2019245816 A1 WO 2019245816A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
organics
drum
inorganics
waste stream
vertical separator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2019/036702
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Cedric Jean-Luc VANDERBEKEN
Marc Alphonse VANDERBEKEN
Olivier Hugo Christopher Dany VANDERBEKEN
Original Assignee
ELMCHARFI, Abdellah
ISTOMIN, Alexey
CANAVATI GONZALES, Hernan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US15/965,509 external-priority patent/US20180369828A1/en
Priority claimed from US16/276,606 external-priority patent/US10898907B2/en
Application filed by ELMCHARFI, Abdellah, ISTOMIN, Alexey, CANAVATI GONZALES, Hernan filed Critical ELMCHARFI, Abdellah
Publication of WO2019245816A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019245816A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
    • B07B4/04—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall in cascades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B07B7/083—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements to a method and apparatus for processing and depackaging waste materials, such as municipal solid waste (MSW) and food waste materials including source- separated organics (SSO), to be treated prior to further processing such as to be transformed into biogas in an anaerobic digester and consequently transformed into renewable fuels, or to be converted into animal feed additives, organic fertilizers or compost, as well as removing light materials from a liquid stream.
  • waste materials such as municipal solid waste (MSW) and food waste materials including source- separated organics (SSO)
  • the present invention has the task of proposing an improved device and a method for the extraction of organics out of a mixed organics-inorganics waste stream or expired pre-packaged food product prior to composting, treatment in an anaerobic digester or transformation in nutrients, or removal of contaminants or light materials from a liquid waste or wash water stream.
  • Drawing 1 provides a schematic side view of the device for the extraction of organics out of a mixed organics-inorganics waste stream or expired pre- packaged food product.
  • the waste stream (1) is dumped into a feed hopper (2).
  • Two augers (3) & (4) that are located at the bottom of hopper (2) counter-rotate to help prevent waste- stream bridging within hopper (2).
  • Feed auger (4) moves the broken- up waste stream and associated air stream through opening (5) into the bottom of the separation apparatus.
  • the separation apparatus consists of an outer housing (6) that may be cylindrical or rectangular in cross-section, a cylindrical screening drum (7), an inner rotating paddle-drum (10) with a motor (12) and a tangential discharge opening (13).
  • Fastened to the exterior of the rotating paddle-drum (10) are 2 or more breakup chains (8) that are made of a strong wear-resistant metal or plastic material and are square in cross- section or otherwise fabricated as to provide sharp edges that facilitate the chopping plus a multiplicity of field-replaceable paddles (11).
  • the paddles (11) may be fixed or may be adjustable so that their angle can be varied depending upon the
  • the speed of the paddle rotor can be adjusted by adjusting pulleys or by a VFD.
  • the waste stream entering through opening (5) or (16) into the bottom of the separation apparatus is further broken up by means of rapidly rotating chains (8) and projected against the inside of the stationary drum.
  • the waste stream entering through opening 5 or 16 can either be from the side or tangentially introduced.
  • the multiplicity of paddles (11) attached to the inner rotating paddle-drum (10) are inclined at an angle and hence act as propellers to thrust the mixture of air and waste solids in an upwards spiral within the annular space between screening drum (7) and inner rotating paddle-drum (10).
  • the upwards spiral, or vortex comparable to the movement of a twister or waterspout, throws the waste solids radially and tangentially outwards due to centrifugal forces acting on the solid particles.
  • the smaller, denser organic fraction can pass through the fixed screening drum (7) and settle down in the space between the screening drum (7) and the housing (6), and discharge through opening (15) for further treatment.
  • the larger, less aerodynamically dense residual waste (plastic film, wooden fragments, etc.) continue spirally up to the top of the apparatus where they are discharged freely thanks to aerodynamic velocity (13) and hence are expelled (14) from the apparatus.
  • Drawing 2 provides a view of the square or rectangular filtration areas (7a) in the stationary screen (7).
  • Drawing 3 provides a schematic side view of the device for the extraction of organics out of a mixed organics-inorganics liquid waste stream or expired pre- packaged liquid food product.
  • the liquid waste stream (1) is introduced through a flanged opening (16) into the bottom of the separation apparatus.
  • Drawing 4 provides a view of an exchangeable screen panel.
  • Drawing 5 provides a view of different field replaceable paddles. Detailed description
  • the apparatus is an improvement to technology known to those involved in the bio waste reclamation industry and includes a hopper to receive contaminated organic waste from different sources, a vertical separator that separates the inorganics from the organics by creating a vortex effect in a stationary screening drum by which the solid contaminants (paper, plastic, metals) are blown in a spiral fashion similar to a twister or waterspout upwards and removed from the top, while the organic fraction passes through the filtration drum and is removed from the bottom.
  • the apparatus may be complemented by a grit removal system that removes all sand and grit prior to the digester.
  • Another application is the use of the apparatus from cleaning diluted waste streams or washdown water in industrial plants.
  • a major operational problem with existing apparatus is that the waste stream entering the filtration drum (7) may contain large pieces of plastic wrapping film and or long, fibrous strapping material that eventually wrap themselves around paddles (11) and shaft(lO) of the paddle screw and block the apparatus.
  • This blockage requires shutting down the separation process and manually removing the blockage - a labor and time intensive process. It was found by the inventor that this type of fouling and blockage of the paddles can be prevented by attaching 2 or more chains (8) to the outer surface of paddle drum (10) and adjacent to entrance (5).
  • the length of the chains (8) should be longer than the length of the paddles (11).
  • the perforated drums of existing apparatus use circular perforations that place a limitation upon the process efficiency.
  • the present invention uses square or rectangular perforations that provide, in the case of square openings, considerably more open area than do the existing round openings. This increased area allows for greater throughput or, if desired, a better fractionation of the organic waste stream from the other waste material. Replacing the perforations with square or rectangular openings will increase the drainage of the liquids and at the same time with a rectangular opening with the longitudinal part in the vertical position and the appropriate width decrease contamination of the separated organicsfraction.
  • Another and third novel embodiment of this invention is the use of the separation device for extremely liquid waste stream by adding a flanged feed entry rather than feeding the separator through a feed auger.
  • Digestate, wastewater, industrial waters containing light suspended solids aluminum pieces, plastics etc. can be fed into the vertical separator.
  • the apparatus has also its place in the removal of inorganic solids prior to dewatering.
  • the use of a level sensor will allow for a continuous flow for the liquid, but as the solids build up inside the drum and blind the drum while the paddle-screw is not turning, the level increase of the liquid will initiate the starting of the paddle mixer, that can ran for a few minutes, go back into idle and start again when the level rises again.
  • the use of this device would allow for using very fine filters even up to the microfiltration level which would increase the separation efficiency.
  • a fourth novel improvement is the use of exchangeable screen sections (figure 4) in the construction of the stationary drum in order to improve the quality of the food waste materials including source- separated organics treating apparatus and a better fractionation of the organic waste stream from the other waste material, by using the correct screen opening for the treated waste and the use of modular replaceable screen panels. It has been found that according to different feed stocks different openings are required in order to reduce the contamination and/or increase the throughput and thus optimize the production process and maximize production, as well as eliminating the need of further filtration by other equipment.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a cylindrical screen member having modular elements which permit removal of segments of the screen member for cleaning, maintenance and replacement, and the possibility of changing screen size without disassembling the separation apparatus.
  • FIG. 4 shows a pictorial view of a preferred embodiment of a screen panel in accordance with the present invention.
  • the screening device of this invention if during operation, it is desired to change or replace one of the screen panels, this can readily be accomplished by removing the existing screen panel and replacing that screen panel by another similar modular screen panel.
  • By having extra sets of the modular screen panels if a screen panel may become damaged or provokes higher contamination and/or reduced throughput, it can be a relatively simple matter to remove one of the screen panels and replace it by another.
  • the construction of the screen cylinder provides a simple and inexpensive construction for the screen member without sacrificing filtration qualities.
  • the modular structure also allows for different screen openings according to the height position on the dram and different spacing top and bottom or in between in the single airstream created by the rotating paddles.
  • the screen panels can be attached to the drum with bolts or screws that are fixed to the drum in the outer perimeter of the openings. This allows to replace the screen openings without disassembling the separation apparatus. Alternatively, they might be inserted in for instance a hinged slotted inclining support that allows the panel to slide into place and put it back in its place. Many variations and modifications will now occur to those skilled in the art.
  • the panels have enough strength to sustain the wind pressure created by the twister effect, and impact by heavy contaminants (like glass and pieces of metal).
  • a fifth novel improvement of the invention is the field replaceable paddles and more specifically the design of the paddles.
  • Paddle 11A shows a basic design of a paddle where a Hardox or hard surfaced plate is attached to the support plate.
  • the paddles can be made in metacj of composite materials, and/or covered with a protective layer i.e. tungsten carbide or epoxy.
  • the paddles(l 1B) are designed such that a thick enough paddle is carved at the bottom in order to perfectly position the support in the crevasse (fig. 5), thus protecting the bracket from abrasion and at the same time giving support to the bracket and giving the bracket almost the strength as if the complete bracket was welded to the shaft.
  • paddle 11B can be used over the whole length of paddle-mixer, but in order to control the dryness and cleanliness of the packaging paddle 11C might be considered.
  • This novel type paddle(HC) is an example of a directional adjustable paddle. It is adjustable in a 360-degree angle. There are many ways to accomplish this added feature and a person familiar with the art can implement this change. An example of this is making number of circular treaded openings in the central drum of the paddle drum in a helical path. The bolt attached to the bracket is inserted in the shaft in the treaded opening, 2 nuts allow for locking the bracket into place, and the paddle can now be installed in the right- angle position. It is also possible to have a mechanism incorporated so that these paddles can be adjusted without opening the drum. Alternatively, a mechanism could be incorporated to adjust the settings remotely.
  • the quantity of paddles can be increased or reduced depending on the application. Also, the size and shape can be adapted to the application.
  • paddle 11B is always recommended in the lower end of the drum where the feedstock is introduced.
  • the use of paddles type 11C can with the appropriate number of paddles installed, create extra turbulence by changing the inclination on different levels in the drum, or adding additional paddles, thus accelerating or braking the exit flow of the packaging material intermittently, and creating extra turbulence and/or retention time in the airstream, not only to have extra dryness and remove residual moisture, but the remove more contaminants on the packaging material, and thus improve the separation.
  • a sixth novel improvement is the use of different speeds for the paddle screw driven by a motor (12) with adjustable speeds in function of the different products treated, (SSO, Dry foods, packed vegetables, meats, cans, fruits etc.)

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un processus et un appareil perfectionnés pour séparer des matières organiques et des matières inorganiques présentes dans des déchets avec pour objectif spécifique la préparation de la fraction organique séparée pour la production de biogaz ou d'autres procédés pour supprimer la présence de matières organiques dans les décharges. Les déchets, tels que des déchets solides municipaux ou des déchets organiques séparés de la source (SSO), sont soumis à un premier traitement de séparation qui sépare les composants de déchets organiques et inorganiques. L'appareil comprend une trémie pour recevoir des déchets organiques contaminés provenant de différentes sources, un séparateur vertical qui sépare les matières inorganiques des matières organiques grâce à la création d'un effet de tourbillon dans un tambour de filtration fixe par lequel les contaminants solides (papier, plastique, métaux) sont soufflés selon un motif en spirale vers le haut et retirés depuis la partie supérieure, tandis que la fraction organique est retirée depuis la partie inférieure. Un tel appareil est amélioré par le biais de nouveaux procédés afin de réduire ou d'éliminer des blocages et leur temps d'arrêt associé, et d'augmenter l'efficacité du processus de séparation.
PCT/US2019/036702 2017-06-22 2019-06-12 Procédé et appareil pour éliminer des contaminants d'un flux de déchets organiques WO2019245816A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762523466P 2017-06-22 2017-06-22
US201862763108P 2018-04-27 2018-04-27
US15/965,509 US20180369828A1 (en) 2017-06-22 2018-06-19 Method and Apparatus for separating organics from a contaminated organics-inorganics waste stream
US15/965,509 2018-06-19
PCT/US2018/038702 WO2019245557A1 (fr) 2017-06-22 2018-06-21 Procédé et appareil pour séparer des matières organiques d'un flux de déchets organiques-inorganiques contaminés
USPCT/US2018/38702 2018-06-21
US16/276,606 2019-02-12
US16/276,606 US10898907B2 (en) 2018-06-19 2019-02-14 Method and apparatus to remove contaminants from an organics waste stream and filtering light organics from fluids

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019245816A1 true WO2019245816A1 (fr) 2019-12-26

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Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO2019245816A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111495042A (zh) * 2020-05-13 2020-08-07 山东领军科技集团有限公司 一种适用于粘性粉体的旋风除尘装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3993256A (en) * 1975-08-28 1976-11-23 Garbalizer Corporation Of America Waste mangler system and structure
US20070074998A1 (en) * 2005-10-04 2007-04-05 Langner Herbert Gunther Joachi Method and apparatus for screening kaolin
WO2014199185A2 (fr) * 2013-06-14 2014-12-18 Global Advanced Recycling Company Limited Procédé et machine de traitement rotative pour la transformation des déchets en engrais
US20160207806A1 (en) * 2013-10-02 2016-07-21 D Technologies Holding B.V. Method and device for processing solid waste
US20160296986A1 (en) * 2013-10-16 2016-10-13 Austep S.P.A. Device and method for the treatment of forsu

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3993256A (en) * 1975-08-28 1976-11-23 Garbalizer Corporation Of America Waste mangler system and structure
US20070074998A1 (en) * 2005-10-04 2007-04-05 Langner Herbert Gunther Joachi Method and apparatus for screening kaolin
WO2014199185A2 (fr) * 2013-06-14 2014-12-18 Global Advanced Recycling Company Limited Procédé et machine de traitement rotative pour la transformation des déchets en engrais
US20160207806A1 (en) * 2013-10-02 2016-07-21 D Technologies Holding B.V. Method and device for processing solid waste
US20160296986A1 (en) * 2013-10-16 2016-10-13 Austep S.P.A. Device and method for the treatment of forsu

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111495042A (zh) * 2020-05-13 2020-08-07 山东领军科技集团有限公司 一种适用于粘性粉体的旋风除尘装置

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