WO2019239613A1 - 特定種イオン源およびプラズマ成膜装置 - Google Patents
特定種イオン源およびプラズマ成膜装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019239613A1 WO2019239613A1 PCT/JP2018/041365 JP2018041365W WO2019239613A1 WO 2019239613 A1 WO2019239613 A1 WO 2019239613A1 JP 2018041365 W JP2018041365 W JP 2018041365W WO 2019239613 A1 WO2019239613 A1 WO 2019239613A1
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Images
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- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
- C23C16/45536—Use of plasma, radiation or electromagnetic fields
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a specific species ion source and a plasma film forming apparatus.
- quantum dots As a method for producing quantum dots, a method of producing a quantum dot from a bulk semiconductor material and a method of self-forming quantum dots using stress generated when crystals are grown on the surface of a semiconductor substrate are mainly employed. However, these production methods do not sufficiently satisfy the requirements such as the quality and uniformity of quantum dots.
- the minimum processing dimension required for the most advanced semiconductor devices at present is about 7 nm.
- nanoscale film thickness control is also required for thin film fabrication methods.
- a film forming method such as sputtering or CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition). Therefore, as a thin film manufacturing method, a thin film manufacturing method capable of controlling the film thickness at the atomic layer level such as an atomic layer deposition method (Atomic Layer Deposition ALD method) is being adopted.
- This atomic layer deposition method includes PEALD (Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition) method which is performed by generating plasma containing ions or radicals of atoms to be deposited.
- the PEALD method is difficult to control the behavior of ions, radicals, electrons, etc. contained in the generated plasma, especially the energy of the ions, and as a result, various devices manufactured by the PEALD method. There is a risk of damaging the surface of the device, degrading device performance and reliability. Furthermore, since the energy for generating plasma is continuously input from the outside into the plasma generation chamber, the plasma is not thermally relaxed. For this reason, temporal and spatial fluctuations exist in the energy and number density of the plasma. Due to these plasma fluctuations, it is difficult to make the thickness of the thin film to be produced uniform on the order of nanometers.
- the degree of such fluctuation depends on the plasma generation method, the distance between the plasma and the plasma generation container inner wall and the insertion electrode, such as the metal and the insulator in contact with the plasma, and the difference in the transport coefficient in the generation container. It differs for each plasma generator.
- light such as ultraviolet rays generated from plasma is one of the causes of damaging the film surface. While using plasma, there is still no universal method for microfabrication on the nanoscale without depending on the plasma generator.
- the purity of the extracted specific species having high chemical activity should be increased. Is requested. And it is requested
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a specific species ion source and a plasma film forming apparatus that can obtain specific species of ions or radicals from a plasma source with high purity. .
- the specific species ion source is: A chamber; A first source gas supply source for supplying a first source gas into the chamber; A plasma generator for generating plasma in the chamber by applying a high frequency to the first source gas supplied into the chamber; An accelerator that draws ions of the element of the first source gas contained in the plasma generated in the chamber out of the chamber and accelerates the extracted ions in a first direction set in advance; A sorting unit that sorts out ions of a specific type from ions accelerated by the acceleration unit and outputs them in a preset second direction.
- the plasma film forming apparatus is A chamber, a first source gas supply source that supplies a first source gas into the chamber, and plasma that generates plasma in the chamber by applying a high frequency to the first source gas supplied into the chamber
- a screening unit that selects a specific type of ions from ions accelerated by the acceleration unit and outputs them in a preset second direction;
- a second source gas supply source for supplying a second source gas; And a reaction furnace for reacting the specific species of ions supplied from the specific species ion source with the second source gas.
- the acceleration unit extracts ions of the element of the first source gas contained in the plasma generated in the chamber to the outside of the chamber, and accelerates the extracted ions in a preset first direction. . Then, the sorting unit sorts out specific types of ions from the ions accelerated by the accelerating unit, and outputs them in the preset second direction. Thereby, a specific kind of ion can be obtained with high purity.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the specific species ion source according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the specific species ion source according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a first magnet according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a part of the plasma generator according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of the specific species ion source according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a part of a specific species ion source according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the specific species ion source according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the specific species ion source according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a first magnet according to Embod
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a result of a magnetic field distribution simulation according to the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows the result of the simulation of the magnetic field distribution which concerns on a comparative example. It is a figure which shows the plasma ignition pressure which concerns on Embodiment 1 and a comparative example. It is a figure which shows the electron temperature of the plasma which concerns on Embodiment 1 and a comparative example.
- FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the plasma film forming apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a time chart for explaining control contents of an RF power supply and a supply valve by a control unit according to Embodiment 2. It is a figure which shows the time-dependent change of the pressure of the downstream of the plasma generator which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the emission spectrum of the plasma which generate
- FIG. It is a schematic plan view which shows a part of plasma generator concerning a modification. It is a schematic plan view which shows a part of plasma generator concerning a modification.
- the plasma deposition apparatus includes a specific species ion source that receives a first source gas and outputs specific species of ions, a second source gas supply source that supplies a second source gas, and a specific source A reaction furnace for reacting ions of a specific species supplied from a seed ion source with a second source gas.
- the specific species ion source includes a chamber, a first source gas supply source that supplies a first source gas into the chamber, a plasma generator, an acceleration unit, and a selection unit.
- the plasma generator generates plasma in the chamber by applying a high frequency to the first source gas supplied in the chamber.
- the acceleration unit extracts ions of the element of the first source gas contained in the plasma generated in the chamber to the outside of the chamber and accelerates the extracted ions in a first direction set in advance.
- the sorting unit sorts out ions of a specific type from the ions accelerated by the accelerating unit and outputs them in a preset second direction.
- specific types of ions oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon, and the like can be used for various organometallic precursors, but in this embodiment, specific types of ions that are also charged particles are high. It is assumed that the negative oxygen ion (O ⁇ ) has chemical reactivity and the second source gas is DEZn (diethyl zinc). O 2 - is called "oxygen anion radical" in the chemical field and has the same electronic configuration as fluorine (F) having high chemical reactivity and high chemical activity.
- a plasma film forming apparatus 1 includes a specific species ion source 10, a source gas supply source 30 as a second source gas supply source, a reaction furnace 41, and an electromagnetic field generator. 42 and an Ar gas supply source 43.
- the specific species ion source 10 includes a chamber 11, a source gas supply source 12 that is a first source gas supply source, a source gas supply pipe 19 that communicates with the chamber 11 and supplies the first source gas into the chamber 11.
- the plasma generator 13, the acceleration part 14, and the selection part 15 are provided.
- the chamber 11 includes, for example, a cylindrical chamber main body 111 and a lid body 112 that closes an open portion of the chamber main body 111, as shown in FIG.
- the material of the chamber body 111 is, for example, a dielectric material that transmits high frequencies.
- the chamber body 111 may be formed, for example, such that only a portion of the peripheral wall that introduces a high frequency from the outside is formed of a dielectric material and the other portion is formed of metal.
- the lid body 112 is provided with a circular emission hole 112 a that penetrates in the center of the lid body 112 and has a circular shape in plan view for discharging ions contained in plasma generated in the chamber 11 to the outside of the chamber 11.
- the lid body 112 is provided with an opening 112 c through which the source gas is discharged to the inside of the chamber body 111 and an introduction hole 112 b that communicates with the opening 112 c.
- the source gas supply source 12 is connected to the introduction hole 112 b of the chamber 11 through the source gas supply pipe 19. Then, as shown by an arrow AR41 in FIG. 3, the source gas supply source 12 supplies oxygen (O 2 ) gas, which is the first source gas, through the source gas supply pipe 19, the introduction hole 112b and the opening 112c of the chamber 11. Supply into the chamber 11.
- oxygen (O 2 ) gas which is the first source gas
- the plasma generator 13 generates plasma PLM in the chamber 11 by applying a high frequency to the O 2 gas supplied in the chamber 11.
- the plasma generator 13 includes a coil 133 having a spiral shape in plan view, a first magnet 134, a second magnet 132, a third magnet 135, and a high frequency power source 136 that supplies a high frequency alternating current to the coil 133. And having.
- the coil 133 is disposed at a position facing the bottom wall 111 a of the chamber body 111 outside the chamber body 111.
- the coil 133 receives a high frequency current from a high frequency current source and applies a high frequency to the O 2 gas existing inside the chamber body 111.
- the high frequency power source 136 supplies the coil 133 with an AC high frequency current having a frequency of 13.56 MHz, for example.
- the first magnet 134 is a permanent magnet, and is disposed on the coil 133 on the side opposite to the bottom wall 111a side of the chamber body 111.
- the first magnet 134 is arranged so that the chamber 11 side has an N pole.
- the first magnet 134 has a cylindrical shape with a diameter D1 and a height H1.
- an NdFeB-based magnetic material can be employed as a material of the first magnet 134.
- the diameter D1 is set to 20 mm, for example, and the height H1 is set to 10 mm or 20 mm, for example. Then, as shown in FIG.
- the first magnet 134 is arranged so that the central axis C2 of the first magnet 134 substantially coincides with the central axis C1 of the coil 133 in plan view.
- the second magnet 132 is disposed so as to surround the side wall 111 b of the chamber body 111 outside the chamber body 111.
- the third magnet 135 is a permanent magnet and is embedded in a portion surrounding the discharge hole 112 a in the lid 112 of the chamber 11.
- the third magnet 135 is a slow electron among the relatively high energy fast electrons (e ⁇ h ) and the relatively low energy slow electrons (e ⁇ l ) contained in the plasma PLM. It functions as a so-called magnetic filter that selectively transmits only (e ⁇ l ) to the outside of the chamber 11.
- low-energy electrons (e ⁇ l ), O 2 molecules (O 2 M ), and O 2 ⁇ ions (O ⁇ ) are emitted out of the chamber 11 as main elements from the emission holes 112 a of the lid body 112, and high-speed electrons Is almost trapped in the chamber 11.
- the plasma generator 13 has a filament 137 that is an electron supply source for supplying electrons into the chamber 11.
- the material of the filament 137 is preferably durable, for example, tungsten or tantalum.
- the plasma generator 13 discharges thermionic electrons from the filament 137 into the chamber 11 by supplying current to the filament 137 and heating it. Thereby, the plasma discharge starting power and gas pressure in the chamber 11 can be reduced.
- the accelerating unit 14 determines the charge polarity of either an ion of an O 2 gas element contained in the plasma PLM generated in the chamber 11, for example, an O + ion or an O ⁇ ion, depending on whether the potential difference is positive or negative.
- the charged particles having, and electrically neutral O radicals are drawn out of the chamber 11.
- the acceleration unit 14 is an Einzel lens, and accelerates the extracted ions in a preset first direction, for example, a direction indicated by an arrow AR14. As shown in FIG. 5, the accelerating unit 14 focuses ions drawn out of the chamber 11 using an electromagnetic field.
- FIG. 6A is a ZX plan view and FIG. 6B is an XY plan view. As shown in FIG.
- the acceleration unit 14 includes a center electrode 141a and electrodes 141b and 141c arranged in front and rear in the direction indicated by the arrow AR14. And an electrostatic lens.
- the acceleration unit 14 focuses ions by an electromagnetic field formed by the electrodes 141a, 141b, and 141c at the position Pos1 in FIGS. 6A and 6B. Further, the acceleration unit 14 generates a potential difference between the electrodes 141a, 141b, and 141c, thereby focusing the charged particle beam while accelerating and decelerating the charged particle beam.
- the sorting unit 15 sorts out specific types of ions from the ions accelerated by the accelerating unit 14 and outputs them in a preset second direction, that is, the direction indicated by the arrow AR12.
- the selection unit 15 includes a main pipe 151, a branch pipe 152, a magnetic field generation unit 153, a deceleration / acceleration unit 154, and a quadrupole magnet 155.
- the main pipe 151 has one end connected to the chamber 11 and the other end connected to the reaction furnace 41.
- the main pipe 151 is bent at a portion where the magnetic field generator 153 is disposed.
- the flight speed of the O 2 ⁇ ions after being accelerated by the acceleration unit 14 and the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generation unit 153 are set based on the curvature of the main tube 151.
- the quadrupole magnet 155 generates a magnetic field at the position Pos2 in FIG. 6B to focus the charged particle beam.
- the magnetic field generation unit 153 is an electromagnet, and generates a magnetic field in a third direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG.
- the branch pipe 152 extends along the direction indicated by the arrow AR14.
- the deceleration / acceleration unit 154 includes two electrodes 154 a and 154 b arranged along the extending direction of the main pipe 151. O ⁇ ions are decelerated or accelerated by generating a potential difference between the two electrodes 154a and 154b and the acceleration unit.
- the O 2 molecules (O 2 ) and O radicals (O * ) released from the chamber 11 to the main pipe 151 in the sorting unit 15 are hardly affected by the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generation unit 153, and thus the arrows in FIG. As indicated by AR11, it is discharged to the branch pipe 152 side. Further, most of the O + ions and slow electrons (e ⁇ l ) emitted from the chamber 11 to the main pipe 151 are greatly bent in the flight direction by the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generation unit 153 and absorbed by the tube wall of the main pipe 151.
- the sorting unit 15 sorts only the O 2 ⁇ ions out of the ions and low-speed electrons emitted from the chamber 11 and guides them into the reaction furnace 41.
- the specific ion source 10 when a high frequency is applied from the coil 133 to the O 2 gas introduced into the chamber 11, O 2 molecules, electrons e ⁇ l , e ⁇ h are entered into the chamber 11. , O + ions, O radicals (O * ), and O ⁇ ions are generated. Then, O 2 molecules, slow electrons e ⁇ l , O + ions, O radicals (O * ) and O ⁇ in the chamber 11 are generated by the magnetic fields generated by the first magnet 134, the second magnet 132, and the third magnet 135. Ions are released out of the chamber 11.
- the first magnet 134 serves to improve the generation efficiency of O ( ⁇ ) ions.
- the sorting unit 15 sorts only the O 2 ⁇ ions from the O 2 molecules, the slow electrons e ⁇ l , the O + ions, the O radicals (O * ), and the O ⁇ ions and introduces them into the reaction furnace 41.
- the source gas supply source 30 includes a storage unit 31 for storing liquid DEZn, a supply pipe 34 for supplying vaporized DEZn as the second source gas to the reaction furnace 41, and DEZn supplied to the reaction furnace 41.
- a flow rate adjustment valve 33 for adjusting the flow rate of the nozzle and a nozzle 35.
- the source gas supply source 30 includes a heater 321 for heating the storage unit 31 and heaters 322 and 323 for heating the supply pipe 34.
- the heater 321 heats the temperature of DEZn stored in the storage unit 31 to 60 ° C., for example. Thereby, vaporized DEZn is supplied from the storage unit 31 to the flow rate adjustment valve 33 (see arrow AR21 in FIG. 1).
- the heater 322 heats a portion of the supply pipe 34 upstream of the flow rate adjustment valve 33 to, for example, 70 ° C.
- the DEZn that has flowed out of the flow rate adjustment valve 33 is supplied to the nozzle 35 (see arrow AR22 in FIG. 1).
- the heater 323 heats a portion of the supply pipe 34 on the downstream side of the flow rate adjustment valve 33 to 80 ° C., for example.
- the nozzle 35 is provided at the downstream end of the supply pipe 34 and introduces vaporized DEZn into a specific position in the reaction furnace 41 at a flow rate of Mach 5, for example (see arrows AR23 and AR24 in FIG. 1).
- the reaction furnace 41 is for reacting O 2 ⁇ ions supplied from the specific species ion source 10 with vaporized DEZn.
- a substrate WT is disposed in the growth chamber 413.
- the electromagnetic field generator 42 is disposed at a position surrounding the capture growth chamber 412 outside the reaction furnace 41, and generates an electromagnetic field in the capture growth chamber 412.
- the Ar gas supply source 43 supplies Ar gas to the growth chamber 413 of the reaction furnace 41.
- ZnO ⁇ ions generated in the region A1 move to the trap growth chamber 412 (ZnO ⁇ ions and ZnO are represented by the same symbols in FIG. 1).
- the electromagnetic field generation unit 42 generates an electromagnetic field in the trap growth chamber 412, thereby causing ZnO 2 ⁇ ions, which are ZnO ions, which are compounds containing the element O and the element Zn, to enter the region A 2 in the trap growth chamber 412. Trap. Thereby, a cluster of ZnO ⁇ ions is generated in the region A2. Thereafter, the potential barrier created by the electromagnetic field generator 42 is removed after the elapse of a predetermined time, so that the ZnO ⁇ ion clusters generated in the region A 2 move to the growth chamber 413.
- ZnO clusters can be grown on the substrate WT.
- ZnO has been grown in clusters on the substrate WT, ZnO in the region A2 - providing a mechanism for discharging ions of the cluster, or a ZnO clusters in the area A3 to the outside (not shown), ZnO It is also possible to collect the fine particles (which may be quantum dots).
- FIG. 7 a specific species ion source 9010 as shown in FIG. 7 is adopted.
- the specific species ion source 9010 is different from the specific species ion source 10 according to the embodiment in that the first magnet 134 is not provided.
- FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B show the results of simulation of the magnetic field distribution in the chamber 11 for the specific species ion source 10 according to the embodiment and the specific species ion source 9010 according to the comparative example. As shown in FIGS.
- the strength of the magnetic field in the chamber 11 of the specific species ion source 10 according to the embodiment is generally higher than that of the specific species ion source 9010 according to the comparative example.
- the strength of the magnetic field on the coil 133 side in the chamber 11 is increased and the space in the chamber 11 is surrounded by the strong magnetic field, O ⁇ is efficiently generated when the plasma of the specific gas passes between the third magnets 135. Generated.
- the present invention has found for the first time that the generation efficiency of O ⁇ can be improved by providing the first magnet 134, that is, by increasing the magnetic field strength on the coil 133 side and surrounding the space in the chamber 11 with a strong magnetic field.
- a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, or the like can be used as the first magnet 134.
- the pressure in the chamber 11 necessary for generating ions and the power supplied from the high frequency power source to the coil 133 The relationship is shown in FIG. 9A. From FIG. 9A, it can be seen that according to the specific species ion source 10 according to the present embodiment, ions can be generated even when the pressure in the chamber 11 is lower than that in the specific species ion source 9010 according to the comparative example. From this, it can be seen that the specific species ion source 10 according to the present embodiment can reduce the amount of O 2 gas introduced into the chamber 11 as compared with the specific species ion source 9010 according to the comparative example.
- the specific species ion source 10 according to the present embodiment can generate ions with high efficiency, and the amount of O 2 () gas used is smaller than that of the specific species ion source 9010 according to the comparative example. , And ions can be generated stably.
- FIG. 9B shows the relationship between the electron temperature of the generated O ⁇ ion and the pressure in the chamber 11 for the specific species ion source 10 according to the present embodiment and the specific species ion source 9010 according to the comparative example. From FIG. 9B, according to the specific species ion source 10 according to the present embodiment, compared to the specific species ion source 9010 according to the comparative example, the electron temperature of the generated O ⁇ ions is higher even if the pressure in the chamber 11 is low. That is, it was found that the energy of O 2 ⁇ ions was high.
- the specific species ion source 10 according to the present embodiment is rich in reactivity while reducing the amount of O 2 gas introduced into the chamber 11 as compared with the specific species ion source 9010 according to the comparative example. It can be seen that high energy O 2 ⁇ ions can be obtained.
- the operation of the plasma film forming apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.
- the vapor phase DEZn supplied to the region A1 is oxidized by the strong oxidizing power of O ⁇ ions to generate Zn or Zn +. .
- Zn or Zn + and O ⁇ ions react to become ZnO ⁇ or ZnO.
- a bias is applied by the bias application unit 51 so that the substrate WT has a positive potential with respect to the acceleration unit 14 of the specific species ion source. Thereby, accumulation of negative charges on the substrate WT, that is, charge-up is suppressed.
- ZnO - can or clusters generated by agglomerating ZnO stably film grown on the substrate WT.
- the size and density of ZnO 2 ⁇ ions grown on the substrate WT can be changed by changing the magnitude of the electric and magnetic fields generated in the trap growth chamber 412 by the electromagnetic field generator 42.
- the size of ZnO clusters grown on the substrate WT can be changed by adjusting the timing of removing the potential barrier generated in the trap growth chamber 412 by the electromagnetic field generator 42. When the cluster is taken out as fine particles, the particle size can be controlled.
- the accelerating unit 14 removes ions of the O 2 gas element contained in the plasma PLM generated in the chamber 11 from the chamber 11. And the extracted ions are accelerated in the direction indicated by the arrow AR14 in FIG. Then, the sorting unit 15 sorts out the O 2 ⁇ ions from the ions accelerated by the acceleration unit 14 and outputs them in the direction indicated by the arrow AR12 in FIG. Thereby, O 2 ⁇ ions can be obtained with high purity. Therefore, the quality and uniformity of the ZnO cluster formed on the substrate WT can be improved.
- the electric field of the accelerating unit 14 and the magnetic field of the selecting unit 15 change the deflection trajectory of O ⁇ ions introduced into the reaction furnace 41 to decelerate the ions.
- the deceleration / acceleration unit 154 performs final adjustment of the deflection trajectory. As a result, by changing the arrival position of the O 2 ⁇ ions, the position of the region where DEZn and O 2 ⁇ ions react can be changed, so that the deposition position of the ZnO clusters on the substrate WT can be selected. It becomes.
- the plasma deposition apparatus relates to the first embodiment in that the specific species ion source receives the instantaneous supply of the first source gas into the chamber and outputs the specific species of ions. It is different from the plasma film forming apparatus. Since the plasma film forming apparatus includes such a specific species ion source, the degree of freedom in setting the degree of vacuum of the downstream device of the specific species ion source including the reaction furnace can be increased. This enhances the control of the behavior of the specific species of ions output from the specific species ion source.
- the specific species ion source 2010 includes a chamber 11, a source gas supply source 12, a source gas supply pipe 19, a plasma generator 2013, an acceleration unit 14, The sorting unit 15, the electromagnetic valve 2016, and the control unit 2017 are provided.
- the plasma generator 2013 includes a coil 133, a first magnet 134, a second magnet 132, a third magnet 135, and a high frequency power source 2136.
- the high frequency power source 2136 supplies an AC high frequency current to the coil 133 based on a control signal input from the control unit 2017.
- the solenoid valve 2016 is inserted in the source gas supply pipe 19, and is opened to allow supply of oxygen (O 2 ) gas as the first source gas into the chamber 11, and supply of oxygen gas into the chamber 11. It is a power valve that can take a closed state that shuts off.
- the solenoid valve 2016 includes, for example, a solenoid part (not shown) having a coil, a yoke, a sleeve, a movable iron core and a fixed iron core, and a valve body connected to the movable iron core to open and close the source gas supply pipe 19.
- the movable iron core and the fixed iron core are magnetized, and the movable iron core moves due to the mutual attractive force. Then, according to the movement of the movable iron core, the valve body connected to the movable iron core moves between a position where the source gas supply pipe 19 is opened and a position where the source gas supply pipe 19 is closed.
- the control unit 2017 controls the electromagnetic valve 2016 by controlling the current supplied to the solenoid unit of the electromagnetic valve 2016.
- the control unit 2017 controls the supply of alternating current from the high frequency power source 2136 to the coil 133 by outputting a control signal to the high frequency power source 2136.
- the control unit 2017 starts supplying the alternating current from the high-frequency power source 2136 to the coil 133 at the time T0 while simultaneously opening the electromagnetic valve 2016.
- the control unit 2017 controls the solenoid valve 2016 so that the solenoid valve 2016 is closed after a preset first time ⁇ T1 has elapsed from time T0.
- the source gas is instantaneously supplied into the chamber 11 only for the first time ⁇ T1.
- the first time ⁇ T1 is set to 2.6 msec, for example.
- the control unit 2017 sets the high frequency so as to cut off the supply of the alternating current from the high frequency power source 2136 to the coil 133 after the second time ⁇ T2 longer than the preset first time ⁇ T1 has elapsed from the time T0.
- the power source 2136 is controlled.
- the length of the second time ⁇ T2 is preferably set to be 10 times or more the length of the first time ⁇ T1.
- the second time ⁇ T2 is set to 1 sec, for example.
- the results of measuring the temporal change in pressure downstream of the specific species ion source 2010 when the source gas is instantaneously supplied into the chamber 11 will be described.
- the first time ⁇ T1 is 2.6 msec
- the pressure in the raw material gas supply pipe 19 when supplying the raw material gas into the chamber 11 is 0.5 MPa
- the power supplied from the high frequency power source 2136 to the coil 133 is 500 W
- the second Time ⁇ T2 was set to 1 sec.
- FIG. 12B on the downstream side of the specific species ion source 2010, it was confirmed that the pressure decreased to 0.1 Pa or less within 4 seconds from the time T0 when the electromagnetic valve 2016 was opened.
- the result of confirming the presence or absence of O ⁇ ions in the plasma generated in the chamber 11 when the source gas is instantaneously supplied into the chamber 11. explain.
- the first time ⁇ T1 is set to 2.6 msec
- the pressure in the source gas supply pipe 19 at the time of supplying the source gas into the chamber 11 is set to 0.5 MPa
- the second time ⁇ T2 is set to 1 sec
- the high frequency power source 2136 is supplied to the coil 133.
- the emission spectrum of plasma generated in the chamber 11 was measured while changing the power supplied to 100 W, 400 W, and 800 W. As shown in FIG.
- this emission spectrum had peaks in the vicinity of 844 nm and 926 nm, which are peculiar to O atoms, regardless of the power supplied from the high frequency power source 2136 to the coil 133. From this, it was confirmed that ions of the O 2 gas element generated with the generation of O atoms exist in the plasma generated in the chamber 11.
- the O 2 ⁇ ions generated in the chamber 11 are increased in the reactor 41 while the degree of vacuum on the downstream side of the specific species ion source 2010 is increased. It was found that can be supplied to.
- the control unit 2017 starts supplying alternating current from the high-frequency power source 2136 to the coil 133 almost simultaneously when the electromagnetic valve 2016 is opened. After a lapse of the first time ⁇ T1, the solenoid valve 2016 is controlled so that the solenoid valve 2016 is closed.
- the degree of vacuum of the downstream device of the specific species ion source 2010 can be maintained in a high state, so that the mean free path of O 2 ⁇ ions becomes longer, and the behavior of O 2 ⁇ ions generated in the chamber 11 can be improved. There is an advantage that it is easy to control.
- control unit 2017 supplies AC current from the high frequency power source 2136 to the coil 133 after the second time ⁇ T2 has elapsed from the start of supplying AC current from the high frequency power source 2136 to the coil 133.
- the high frequency power supply 2136 is controlled so as to shut off the power.
- the length of 2nd time (DELTA) T2 is set to 10 times or more of the length of 1st time (DELTA) T1.
- the control unit 2017 starts supplying alternating current from the high-frequency power source 2136 to the coil 133 almost simultaneously when the electromagnetic valve 2016 is opened, but starts supplying alternating current to the coil 133. Then, the electromagnetic valve 2016 may be opened. Further, the specific species ion source 10 may be applied to an ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) method. In this case, first, DEZn is introduced into the reaction furnace 41, and DEZn is self-aligned on the substrate WT. Next, after excess DEZn is expelled from the reaction furnace 41, O 2 ⁇ ions are introduced into the reaction furnace 41.
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- the specific species ions are O 2 ⁇ ions, but the specific species ions are not limited thereto.
- the specific species ions may be, for example, N ions such as N 2 ⁇ ions, H ions, C ions, and the like, regardless of whether the ions are positive ions or negative ions. You can do it.
- the example in which the second source gas is DEZn and ZnO is formed has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
- Al Clusters or thin films such as 2 O 3 , HfO 2 , HfSiO, La 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , STO, Ta 2 O 5 , TiO 2 may be formed.
- the specific species ion is N 2 ⁇
- clusters or thin films of AlN, HfN, SiN, TaN, and TiN may be formed.
- the plasma generator 3013 may include two columnar first magnets 3134 that are arranged substantially in point symmetry with respect to the central axis C ⁇ b> 1 of the coil 133.
- the first magnet 3134 is arranged such that the central axes C31 and C32 of the first magnet 3134 are substantially parallel to the central axis C1 of the coil 133.
- the two first magnets 3134 may be arranged such that the distance L1 between the central axes C31 and C32 is, for example, 7 cm.
- the distance L1 between the central axes C31 and C32 is, for example, 7 cm.
- the plasma generator 4013 may include three columnar first magnets 4134 so as to surround the central axis C ⁇ b> 1 of the coil 133.
- the first magnet 4134 is arranged such that the central axes C41, C42, and C43 of the first magnet 4134 are substantially parallel to the central axis C1 of the coil 133.
- the two first magnets 4134 out of the three first magnets 4134 have a distance L21 between the central axes C41 and C42 of, for example, 6 cm, and the virtual plane VP and the coil including the central axes C41 and C42.
- the distance L22 between the central axis C1 of 133 may be 2 cm, for example.
- the remaining one first magnet 4134 among the three first magnets 4134 may be arranged such that the distance L23 between the central axis C43 and the central axis C1 of the coil 133 is, for example, 3 cm. .
- the minimum pressure in the chamber 11 into which the raw material gas necessary for generating plasma in the chamber 11 is introduced the central magnetic flux density of the first magnets 3134 and 4134, and The results of confirming the relationship will be described.
- the minimum pressure in the chamber 11 was 4.8 Pa.
- the minimum pressure in the chamber 11 was 2.7 Pa to 2.9 Pa.
- the minimum pressure in the chamber 11 is 2.2 Pa to 2.5 Pa.
- the minimum pressure in the chamber 11 is 2 0.0 Pa to 2.5 Pa.
- the distance between the coil 133 and the bottom wall 111a of the chamber body 111 in each of the plasma generators 13, 3013, 4013 and the specific species ion source 9010 was set to 8 mm.
- the minimum pressure in the chamber 11 can be reduced as compared with the case of the plasma generator 13 according to the comparative example or the first embodiment. I found out that
- the minimum pressure in the chamber 11 can be reduced in the plasma generators 3013 and 4013 as compared with the case of the plasma generator 13 according to the comparative example or the first embodiment described above.
- the necessary amount of source gas introduced into the chamber 11 is reduced, so that source gas can be saved by that amount, and ions can be supplied more stably.
- first magnets 134 In each embodiment, the example in which the plasma generator 13 has one, two, and three first magnets 134 has been described, but may be four or more. Further, when there are a plurality of first magnets 134, they are arranged concentrically so as to surround the central axis C1 of the coil 133, but may be freely arranged so as to surround the central axis C1 of the coil 133. Good. Moreover, although the example in which the first magnet 134 included in the plasma generator 13 has a cylindrical shape has been described, the shape of the first magnet 134 is not limited to the cylindrical shape. For example, it may be cylindrical like a first magnet 5134 shown in FIG. 16A.
- the outer diameter D21 of the first magnet 5134 is set to, for example, 6 cm
- the inner diameter D22 is set to, for example, 5 cm
- the height H1 is set to, for example, 20 mm.
- this 1st magnet 5134 may be arrange
- the shape of the first magnet 5134 may be a rectangular parallelepiped or a polygonal column.
- the present invention includes a combination of the embodiments and modifications as appropriate, and a modification appropriately added thereto.
- the present invention is used to manufacture low-k gate oxide films, storage capacitor dielectrics, OLEDs, crystalline silicon solar cells and other semiconductor device passivation layers, microfluidic devices, high coverage coating films for MEMS, oxide catalyst layers, and the like. Is preferred.
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Abstract
Description
チャンバと、
前記チャンバ内へ第1原料ガスを供給する第1原料ガス供給源と、
前記チャンバ内に供給された前記第1原料ガスに高周波を印加することにより前記チャンバ内にプラズマを発生させるプラズマ発生器と、
前記チャンバ内に発生したプラズマ中に含まれる前記第1原料ガスの元素のイオンを前記チャンバ外へ引き出すとともに、引き出されたイオンを予め設定された第1方向へ加速させる加速部と、
前記加速部により加速されたイオンの中から特定種のイオンを選別して予め設定された第2方向へ出力する選別部と、を備える。
チャンバと、前記チャンバ内へ第1原料ガスを供給する第1原料ガス供給源と、前記チャンバ内に供給された前記第1原料ガスに高周波を印加することにより前記チャンバ内にプラズマを発生させるプラズマ発生器と、前記チャンバ内に発生したプラズマ中に含まれる前記第1原料ガスの元素のイオンを前記チャンバ外へ引き出すとともに、引き出されたイオンを予め設定された第1方向へ加速させる加速部と、前記加速部により加速されたイオンの中から特定種のイオンを選別して予め設定された第2方向へ出力する選別部と、を有する特定種イオン源と、
第2原料ガスを供給する第2原料ガス供給源と、
前記特定種イオン源により供給される特定種のイオンと前記第2原料ガスとを反応させる反応炉と、を備える。
以下、本発明の実施の形態に係るプラズマ成膜装置について図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。本実施の形態に係るプラズマ成膜装置は、第1原料ガスの供給を受けて特定種のイオンを出力する特定種イオン源と、第2原料ガスを供給する第2原料ガス供給源と、特定種イオン源により供給される特定種のイオンと第2原料ガスとを反応させる反応炉と、を備える。そして、特定種イオン源は、チャンバと、チャンバ内へ第1原料ガスを供給する第1原料ガス供給源と、プラズマ発生器と、加速部と、選別部と、を有する。プラズマ発生器は、チャンバ内に供給された第1原料ガスに高周波を印加することによりチャンバ内にプラズマを発生させる。加速部は、チャンバ内に発生したプラズマ中に含まれる第1原料ガスの元素のイオンをチャンバ外へ引き出すとともに、引き出されたイオンを予め設定された第1方向へ加速させる。選別部は、加速部により加速されたイオンの中から特定種のイオンを選別して予め設定された第2方向へ出力する。特定種のイオンとしては酸素、窒素、水素、炭素などが、様々な有機金属の前駆体に対して使用することができるが、本実施の形態では、荷電粒子でもある特定種のイオンが、高い化学反応性を有する酸素負イオン(O-)であり、第2原料ガスが、DEZn(ジエチル亜鉛)であるとして説明する。O-は、化学分野において、「酸素アニオンラジカル」と呼ばれ、化学反応性が高いフッ素(F)と同じ電子配置を有し、化学活性度が高い。
DEZn+O-→ZnO-+C2H5 ・・・式(1)
ZnO-+Ar→ZnO+Ar+e- ・・・式(2)
本実施の形態に係るプラズマ成膜装置は、特定種イオン源が、そのチャンバ内への瞬間的な第1原料ガスの供給を受けて特定種のイオンを出力する点が実施の形態1に係るプラズマ成膜装置と相違する。そして、プラズマ成膜装置は、このような特定種イオン源を備えることにより、反応炉を含む特定種イオン源の下流側装置の真空度の設定自由度を高めることができるので、例えば真空度を高めて特定種イオン源から出力される特定種のイオンの挙動を制御し易くするというものである。
Claims (13)
- チャンバと、
前記チャンバ内へ第1原料ガスを供給する第1原料ガス供給源と、
前記チャンバ内に供給された前記第1原料ガスに高周波を印加することにより前記チャンバ内にプラズマを発生させるプラズマ発生器と、
前記チャンバ内に発生したプラズマ中に含まれる前記第1原料ガスの元素のイオンを前記チャンバ外へ引き出すとともに、引き出されたイオンを予め設定された第1方向へ加速させる加速部と、
前記加速部により加速されたイオンの中から特定種のイオンを選別して予め設定された第2方向へ出力する選別部と、を備える、
特定種イオン源。 - 前記プラズマ発生器は、
前記チャンバ内へ電子を供給する電子供給源を更に有する、
請求項1に記載の特定種イオン源。 - 前記チャンバは、
筒状のチャンバ本体と、
前記チャンバ本体の開放部分を閉塞し且つ一部に前記チャンバ本体内に発生するプラズマに含まれるイオンを前記チャンバ外へ放出するための放出孔が設けられた蓋体と、を有し、
前記プラズマ発生器は、
前記チャンバ本体の外側における前記チャンバ本体の底壁に対向する位置に配置され前記チャンバ本体の内側に存在する前記第1原料ガスに高周波を印加するためのコイルと、
前記コイルに高周波数の交流電流を供給する高周波電源と、
前記コイルにおける前記チャンバ本体の底壁側とは反対側に配置された第1磁石と、
前記チャンバ本体の外側における前記チャンバ本体の側壁を囲繞するように配置された第2磁石と、
前記蓋体における前記放出孔を囲繞する部位に設けられた第3磁石と、を有する、
請求項1または2に記載の特定種イオン源。 - 前記チャンバ内に連通し、前記チャンバ内へ第1原料ガスを供給する原料ガス供給管と、
前記原料ガス供給管に介挿され前記第1原料ガスの供給を許容する開状態と前記第1原料ガスの供給を遮断する閉状態とをとりうる動力弁と、
前記動力弁と前記高周波電源とを制御する制御部と、を更に備え、
前記制御部は、前記動力弁を前記開状態にすると同時あるいは直前に前記高周波電源から前記コイルへ交流電流の供給を開始し、前記開状態にしてから予め設定された第1時間だけ経過した後、前記動力弁を前記閉状態にし、前記高周波電源から前記コイルへ交流電流の供給を開始してから予め設定された前記第1時間よりも長い第2時間だけ経過した後、前記高周波電源から前記コイルへの交流電流の供給を遮断するように、前記動力弁と前記高周波電源とを制御する、
請求項3に記載の特定種イオン源。 - 前記第2時間の長さは、前記第1時間の長さの10倍以上である、
請求項4に記載の特定種イオン源。 - 前記第1磁石は、複数存在する、
請求項3から5のいずれか1項に記載の特定種イオン源。 - 前記第1磁石は、円柱状であり、前記第1磁石の中心軸が前記コイルの中心軸と平行となるように配置されている、
請求項6に記載の特定種イオン源。 - 前記選別部は、
前記第1方向および前記第2方向と直交する第3方向の磁場を発生させる磁場発生部を有する、
請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の特定種イオン源。 - 前記加速部は、
電磁場を利用して前記チャンバ外へ引き出されたイオンを集束するためのアインツェルレンズを有する、
請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の特定種イオン源。 - チャンバと、前記チャンバ内へ第1原料ガスを供給する第1原料ガス供給源と、前記チャンバ内に供給された前記第1原料ガスに高周波を印加することにより前記チャンバ内にプラズマを発生させるプラズマ発生器と、前記チャンバ内に発生したプラズマ中に含まれる前記第1原料ガスの元素のイオンを前記チャンバ外へ引き出すとともに、引き出されたイオンを予め設定された第1方向へ加速させる加速部と、前記加速部により加速されたイオンの中から特定種のイオンを選別して予め設定された第2方向へ出力する選別部と、を有する特定種イオン源と、
第2原料ガスを供給する第2原料ガス供給源と、
前記特定種イオン源により供給される特定種のイオンと前記第2原料ガスとを反応させる反応炉と、を備える、
プラズマ成膜装置。 - 前記反応炉の外側における一部を囲繞する位置に配置され、電磁場を発生させることにより前記特定種のイオンに対応する元素と前記第2原料ガスの元素とを含む化合物のイオンを前記反応炉の内側の予め設定された領域にトラップする電磁場発生部を更に備える、
請求項10に記載のプラズマ成膜装置。 - 前記特定種のイオンは、酸素負イオン、水素負イオン、窒素負イオンおよび炭素負イオンを含む、
請求項10または11に記載のプラズマ成膜装置。 - 前記特定種のイオンは、酸素負イオンのみである、
請求項10または11に記載のプラズマ成膜装置。
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KR20230098298A (ko) | 2020-11-02 | 2023-07-03 | 도쿄엘렉트론가부시키가이샤 | 플라즈마 처리 장치 |
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JPS62235485A (ja) * | 1986-04-04 | 1987-10-15 | Hitachi Ltd | イオン源装置 |
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JP7404119B2 (ja) | 2020-03-19 | 2023-12-25 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | 負イオン生成装置 |
KR20230098298A (ko) | 2020-11-02 | 2023-07-03 | 도쿄엘렉트론가부시키가이샤 | 플라즈마 처리 장치 |
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