WO2019229200A1 - Movable rear diffuser of a vehicle, with a retractable panel - Google Patents

Movable rear diffuser of a vehicle, with a retractable panel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019229200A1
WO2019229200A1 PCT/EP2019/064118 EP2019064118W WO2019229200A1 WO 2019229200 A1 WO2019229200 A1 WO 2019229200A1 EP 2019064118 W EP2019064118 W EP 2019064118W WO 2019229200 A1 WO2019229200 A1 WO 2019229200A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
panel
diffuser
vehicle
primary
primary panel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/064118
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Stéphane PARRA
Benjamin GAUTHIER
Original Assignee
Compagnie Plastic Omnium
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Plastic Omnium filed Critical Compagnie Plastic Omnium
Priority to EP19728035.7A priority Critical patent/EP3802291A1/en
Priority to CN201980031139.3A priority patent/CN112088119A/en
Publication of WO2019229200A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019229200A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D35/00—Vehicle bodies characterised by streamlining
    • B62D35/007—Rear spoilers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D37/00—Stabilising vehicle bodies without controlling suspension arrangements
    • B62D37/02—Stabilising vehicle bodies without controlling suspension arrangements by aerodynamic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D35/00—Vehicle bodies characterised by streamlining
    • B62D35/02—Streamlining the undersurfaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/82—Elements for improving aerodynamics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the rear diffusers of motor vehicles and more particularly the movable rear diffusers.
  • the rear diffuser is a part that can be present in the rear of a motor vehicle, more precisely under the frame or in the lower part of the bumper, and for the purpose of improving the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle. It may for example be to improve the ground support of the vehicle.
  • Some diffusers allow them to improve the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle by reducing the drag of the vehicle, that is to say the force opposing the movement of the vehicle in the air. It is a question of shifting back the points of separation of the air with respect to the vehicle, that is to say the points at which the air does not follow the body any more. This allows to push back the depression created at the rear of the vehicle and thus limit the effect of restraint (called “suction effect”) of this depression on the motor vehicle.
  • the diffuser in its deployed position, reveals major openings between the movable panel and the rear bumper of the vehicle. Indeed, it appears a central opening between the body part and the diffuser panel, and two side openings on each side of the panel.
  • These openings may allow many types of foreign bodies to enter the device. These foreign bodies can be dust, mud, snow in winter weather, or any other type of dirt. These foreign bodies can, in sufficient quantity, block the closure of the device. In case of mud or snow, the diffuser can be locked in the deployed position. Similarly, dust can become dirty and damage the mechanical elements necessary for deployment and retraction of the mobile panel.
  • the diffuser can no longer perform its function and affect the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle, and requires maintenance and / or replacement that can be expensive. Then these openings can be perceived as unsightly for the motorist, as it affects the overall aesthetics of the vehicle. Thus, such a device can affect the perceived quality of the vehicle as a whole.
  • Another solution is to use a soft cover component between the movable panel of the diffuser and the bumper of the vehicle.
  • This component closes the opening left when the diffuser is deployed.
  • dirt dirt, mud or other
  • the appearance of such a flexible component can adversely affect the quality perceived by the user and deteriorate the aesthetics of the vehicle.
  • This component can also vibrate more easily than a rigid panel and cause noise.
  • such a flexible component has a low resistance to fatigue caused by many cycles of opening and closing the panel.
  • Another solution consists in using two panels each guided in rotation relative to the bodywork part to which they are each fixed by one of their ends.
  • the first panel acts as a diffuser and the second serves to obstruct the central opening between the first and the body.
  • the panel obstructing the opening is partly hidden behind the first panel when the diffuser is in the retracted position. Thus, part of this panel is visible in this position, which affects the aesthetics of the vehicle.
  • the invention aims to overcome these disadvantages by providing a vehicle body part comprising a rear diffuser not clogging and thus limiting the risk of failure of the device.
  • the invention also aims to provide a vehicle rear diffuser does not detract from the aesthetics of the vehicle (particularly in the deployed position), thus having no adverse impact on the quality perceived by the motorist.
  • the invention relates to a rear diffuser of a motor vehicle which comprises a primary panel and a secondary panel connected to the primary panel by at least two guide rods adapted to move the secondary panel in a movement along a longitudinal axis (X) of the vehicle compared to the primary panel, when the diffuser is mounted on a motor vehicle, each of these panels being movable between an extended position and a retracted position when the diffuser is fixed on a vehicle body part; the secondary panel being completely invisible from the outside in the retracted position and obstructing the opening between the bodywork part and the primary panel in the deployed position, when the bodywork part is fixed to a motor vehicle, the displacement of the secondary panel having place following a movement along a longitudinal axis (X) of the vehicle.
  • the secondary panel obstructs, at least partially an opening created during deployment between the primary panel and the rest of the rear bumper of the vehicle. When it is deployed, three openings are created, a central between the primary panel and the bodywork part, and two sideways located on the sides of the primary panel.
  • the secondary panel obstructs the central opening. Depending on its shape, it can even obstruct the two side openings.
  • the occupation of this opening by the secondary panel makes it possible to prevent a foreign body from penetrating inside the rear diffuser.
  • dirt such as mud, dust, snow, or any other type of dirt, can not enter the device, and therefore can not interfere with the proper functioning of it.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to reduce the maintenance operations, or the wear of the parts of the device by protecting it from dirt.
  • this secondary panel allows, when the diffuser is in the deployed position, to obstruct a gap that was created with the deployment of the primary panel.
  • the rear bumper retains a harmonious appearance, due to the absence of a gaping hole in the middle of it. This absence of hole improves the overall aesthetics of the vehicle, and consequently improves the quality perceived by the user.
  • the relative positioning of the primary and secondary panels, with a secondary panel which is housed inside the vehicle in the retracted position, also allows to have a primary panel on the entire surface of the opening of the bumper. This is advantageous from an aesthetic point of view when the rear diffuser is in the retracted position.
  • the secondary panel is hidden in the retracted position, so it is protected from dirt and shocks to which it would otherwise be subjected in this position. It therefore retains a good surface condition, which benefits the aesthetics of the diffuser.
  • connection between the primary and secondary panels via two connecting rods imposes a particular kinematic secondary panel which is particularly advantageous to allow it to avoid certain structural parts of the vehicle present in the direct environment of the diffuser.
  • One of these pieces can for example be a shock absorber, which is usually made of a steel beam or aluminum, present in the vehicle rear bumper. This part, which can not be moved during the design of the vehicle, may interfere with the retraction of the secondary panel.
  • the kinematics of the secondary panel according to the invention makes it possible to avoid this part.
  • one of the guide rods linking the primary and secondary panels is linked to a system for deploying the primary panel
  • the system for deploying the primary panel comprises at least one deployment link
  • the primary panel deployment rod is mechanically linked to one of the guide rods, the deployment and retraction of the primary panel leading to those of the secondary panel;
  • the two guide rods have the same length
  • the two guide rods have different lengths
  • the secondary panel has an amplitude of displacement between its extended and retracted positions of between 5 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 10 mm and 40 mm, in a frame of reference related to the primary panel;
  • the invention also relates to a bodywork part of a motor vehicle comprising a rear diffuser according to the invention.
  • the bodywork part is a rear bumper.
  • the secondary panel is able to prevent the intrusion of foreign bodies between the bodywork part and the primary panel.
  • the secondary panel is invisible from outside the vehicle when the diffuser is in the retracted position.
  • - Figure 1 is a sectional view of a rear lower end of a motor vehicle along a longitudinal plane comprising a rear diffuser according to the invention in the deployed position
  • - Figure 2 is a sectional view of a rear lower end of a motor vehicle along a longitudinal plane comprising a rear diffuser according to the invention in the retracted position
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vehicle bumper comprising a rear diffuser.
  • the figures show a rear diffuser in its configuration mounted on a body part of a motor vehicle, specifically a rear bumper of a motor vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show a rear diffuser 10 mounted on a vehicle body part 40, in section along a plane oriented vertically along the longitudinal axis X of the vehicle.
  • This diffuser 10 is for example made of plastic.
  • the body part 40 is here a rear bumper, for example also made of plastic.
  • This diffuser 10 comprises a primary panel 20 and a secondary panel 30, each of these panels being movable between an extended position (illustrated in FIG. 1) and a retracted position (illustrated in FIG. 2), when the rear diffuser 10 is fixed on a vehicle body part (in this case the rear bumper 40).
  • the secondary panel 30 is connected to the primary panel 20 by two guide rods 35.
  • These two guide rods 35 are connected to the primary panel 20 each by a pivot connection, which is here placed at one end of the guide rod 35 and on a protuberance 22 of the primary panel 20, which extends substantially perpendicularly from an inner face 24 of the primary panel 20, toward the bodywork part 40.
  • the rear diffuser 10 is therefore able to move from an extended position shown in FIG. 1 to a retracted position represented in FIG. 2.
  • the bodywork part 40 of the vehicle comprises an upper part 42 and a lower part 44.
  • An opening 50 is arranged between these two parts of the bumper.
  • the primary panel 20 In retracted position, the primary panel 20 is pressed against the bumper of the vehicle and obstructs the opening 50 located therein, located between the upper portion 42 and the lower portion 44.
  • This panel 20 has a concavity on its face external, here shown facing downwards, relative to the vertical axis z of the vehicle.
  • the primary panel 20 here comprises a tab 27 at its rear end 29.
  • the tab 27 is optional, the primary panel 20 can therefore quite be devoid of it.
  • the contact between the tongue 27 and the secondary panel 30 is optional, so it is quite possible to have a rear diffuser 10 in which the secondary panel 30 and the tab 27 do not touch.
  • the bodywork part 40 here comprises a shock absorber 46, which forms a beam that may be made of steel, aluminum or composite for example, which is a structural part of the vehicle.
  • a shock absorber 46 which forms a beam that may be made of steel, aluminum or composite for example, which is a structural part of the vehicle.
  • the deployment and retraction of the primary panel 20 are actuated by means of a link system 26.
  • This system 26 comprises several deployment links 25, which link the primary panel 20 to the body part 40.
  • These rods 25 are either simple or double, that is to say that two connecting rods are arranged in series between the bodywork part 40 and the primary panel 20.
  • This link system 26 can be actuated by an electric motor, a pneumatic device, or any other device that lends itself to this application.
  • a transmission rod 37 connects one of the deployment rods 25 with one of the guide rods 35.
  • This transmission rod 37 is fixed at one of its ends to one of the guide rods 25 at a connection point 38 by a pivot connection. On its other end, it is fixed at a point of connection 39 by a pivot connection on a guide rod 35.
  • the choice of the height of the connection point 38 on the deployment rod 25 is made at the time of the diffuser design to achieve the desired deflection for the secondary panel between the deployed and retracted positions. The higher this point 38 is located on the deployment rod 25, the greater the clearance of the secondary panel 30 will be large, and vice versa.
  • the guide rod 35 on which is fixed the transmission rod 37 has a square shape, and is connected with the protrusion 22 of the primary panel at its right angle. This guide rod 35 is connected at one of its ends to the secondary panel 30, and at the other of its ends to the guide rod 37. The geometry of this rod 35 is also chosen so as to obtain the desired travel for the secondary panel 30 between its deployed and retracted
  • the two guide rods 25 here have the same length between their connection points with the primary panel and the secondary panel, but it is possible, alternatively, to have a connecting rod having a different length between these two points that the other, which leads to a different kinematics.
  • the primary panel 20 completely obstructs an opening in the bodywork part 40, so that an internal space of the diffuser 70, located between the primary panel 20 and the body part 40, is protected from soiling of all kinds, such as mud, snow or dust, or any other type of foreign body to the vehicle.
  • the rods 25, 35 and 37, as well as the deployment system 26 are also protected.
  • the secondary panel is completely invisible from the outside of the vehicle on which it is mounted, which is particularly advantageous for the quality perceived by the user.
  • the primary panel 20 when the diffuser 10 is in the deployed position, the primary panel 20 is oriented horizontally and no longer obstructs the opening of the bodywork part 50 alone.
  • the secondary panel 30 is this time oriented almost perpendicularly. at said primary panel 20.
  • the assembly of the secondary panel 30 and the primary panel 20 obstructs, at least partially an opening of the bodywork part 50.
  • the deployment of the primary panel 20 creates three openings, one central between the primary panel and the bodywork part 50, as well as two lateral sides (along the Y axis) of the primary panel 20.
  • the secondary panel 30 obstructs the central opening 50, when the diffuser 10 is in the deployed position.
  • the internal space of the diffuser 70 is actually larger than when the diffuser 10 is in the retracted position.
  • This internal space 70 is protected from dirt from the outside of the vehicle, because the opening of the bumper 50 is obstructed by the primary panel 20 and the secondary panel 30.
  • the primary panel 20 may have a general shape "U" allowing it to obstruct the lateral openings between it and the bumper 50, when the diffuser 10 is in the deployed position.
  • the diffuser 10 In the deployed position, the diffuser 10 is able to direct the air from the underbody of the vehicle towards the rear of the latter, and thus to shift back the points of separation of the air with respect to the vehicle. that is to say the points at which the air no longer follows the bodywork. This allows to push back the depression created at the rear of the vehicle and thus limit the effect of restraint (called “suction effect”) of this depression on the motor vehicle. As a result, the diffuser 10 reduces the drag force when deployed.
  • a device (electric, mechanical, pneumatic or other), which is not shown in the figures, causes the movement of the deployment rods 25 of the deployment system of the primary panel 26.
  • the primary panel 20 is moved from its retracted position to its deployed position. It thus performs, through the arrangement of the linkage system 22, a trajectory following a combined movement of several simultaneous rotations around different axes of rotation.
  • This trajectory of the primary panel allows it to best position itself between its retracted position, where it fills alone the opening 50 of the bodywork part 40 so as to maintain continuity between the lower part 42 and upper part 44 of the part 40, and its deployed position in which it is placed to reduce the "suction effect" on the vehicle.
  • the transmission rod 37 which is connected to one of the deployment rods 25 transmits the deployment or retraction movement to one of the guide rods 35, which has the effect of setting it rotation relative to the primary panel 20.
  • This guide rod 35 therefore drives the secondary panel 30 in its retracting or deploying movement.
  • these movements may for example be effected along a circular path relative to the primary panel 20.
  • the guide rods 35 rotate around the point of connection with the primary panel 20, and drive the secondary panel 30 in their movement.
  • one of the guide rods 35 is connected to the deployment system 26, which enables the deployment and retraction of the two panels 20, 30 with a single mechanism, which reduces the number of parts necessary and simplifies these steps.
  • the fact that a guide rod 35 is mechanically connected to a deployment rod 25 further ensures good synchronization during the deployment and retraction of the two panels 20, 30.
  • the secondary panel 30 is placed so as to obstruct a central opening 50 between the upper part of the bodywork part 44 and the primary panel 20 of the diffuser.
  • the internal space 70 of the diffuser is sheltered from any dirt that might have been introduced otherwise.
  • dirt such as mud, snow, dust or other does not obstruct the internal space of the diffuser 70, which would prevent the retraction thereof.
  • This particular kinematics of the secondary panel 30 has many advantages. First, the shrink and unfold system of the diffuser 10, namely the deployment system 26 of the primary panel 20, and the connecting rods 25, 35 and 37 are protected from soiling. Thus, the risk of blocking the device is greatly reduced. Similarly, the wear of these mechanical elements is greatly reduced by their protection against soiling.
  • the secondary panel 30 follows a particular path relative to the primary panel 20 allows it to avoid vehicle parts present in the environment of the diffuser 10, such as a shock absorber 46 for example.
  • the two guide rods 35 making the same length the secondary panel 30 moves while remaining parallel to the tongue 27 of the primary panel, which facilitates the integration of the secondary panel 30 in its environment.
  • This movement of retraction and deployment of the secondary panel has an amplitude of between 5 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 10 mm and 40 mm, in a frame of reference related to the primary panel 20.
  • This retraction distance is adequate for the avoidance of elements in the environment of the diffuser 10.
  • this amplitude is 30 mm.
  • connection between the two panels 20 and 30 had been for example a slide, it would have been exposed to the risk of blockage by insertion of dirt preventing the sliding movement.
  • This remark can be made for any diffuser 10 in which the secondary panel 30 would translate with respect to the primary panel 20.
  • such a rigid panel has a much better fatigue strength than if, for example, a flexible element were used.
  • the two guide rods 35 have the same length. This arrangement makes it possible to simply implement a circular movement of the secondary panel 30 in a frame linked to the primary panel 20.
  • the circular path of the secondary panel 30 relative to the primary panel 20 allows effective avoidance of the elements present in the environment of the rear diffuser 10, such as the shock absorber 46 for example.
  • the secondary panel 30 retracts from its deployed position to its retracted position.
  • the two guide rods 35 may have different lengths. This arrangement makes it possible to add a rotation of the secondary panel 30 to its trajectory, which is useful for adapting this trajectory to the elements present in the environment of the diffuser 10 (for example the shock absorber 46).
  • FIG. 3 represents a rear diffuser 10 according to the invention mounted on a piece of vehicle body 40, in the deployed position and on which the secondary panel 30 does not appear. We can see the opening 50 which is filled by the secondary panel 30 normally and through which dirt could enter the internal space 70 of the diffuser 10, if the secondary panel 30 was not there.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a rear diffuser (10) of a motor vehicle, comprising a primary panel (20) and a secondary panel (30) connected to the primary panel (10) by at least two guiding connecting rods (35) that can move the secondary panel (30) in relation to the primary panel (20), each of said panels being movable between a deployed position and a retracted position when the diffuser (10) is attached to a bodywork part (40) of the vehicle, the secondary panel (30) being completely non-visible from the outside in the retracted position and obstructing the opening (50) between the bodywork part and the primary panel (20) in the deployed position, when the bodywork part (40) is attached to a motor vehicle.

Description

DIFFUSEUR ARRIERE MOBILE DE VEHICULE A PANNEAU ESCAMOTABLE  MOBILE REAR DIFFUSER OF VEHICLE WITH RETRACTABLE PANEL
L’invention concerne les diffuseurs arrière de véhicules automobiles et plus particulièrement les diffuseurs arrière mobiles. The invention relates to the rear diffusers of motor vehicles and more particularly the movable rear diffusers.
Le diffuseur arrière est une pièce pouvant être présente à l'arrière d'un véhicule automobile, plus précisément sous le châssis ou bien en partie basse du pare-chocs, et ayant pour but d'améliorer les performances aérodynamiques du véhicule. Il peut par exemple s’agir d’améliorer l’appui au sol du véhicule.  The rear diffuser is a part that can be present in the rear of a motor vehicle, more precisely under the frame or in the lower part of the bumper, and for the purpose of improving the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle. It may for example be to improve the ground support of the vehicle.
Certains diffuseurs permettent quant à eux d’améliorer les performances aérodynamiques du véhicule en réduisant la traînée du véhicule, c’est-à-dire la force s’opposant au mouvement du véhicule dans l’air. Il s’agit de décaler vers l’arrière les points de décollement de l’air par rapport au véhicule, c’est-à-dire les points au niveau desquels l’air ne suit plus la carrosserie. Cela permet de repousser vers l’arrière la dépression se créant à l’arrière du véhicule et ainsi limiter l’effet de retenue (appelé « effet de succion ») de cette dépression sur le véhicule automobile.  Some diffusers allow them to improve the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle by reducing the drag of the vehicle, that is to say the force opposing the movement of the vehicle in the air. It is a question of shifting back the points of separation of the air with respect to the vehicle, that is to say the points at which the air does not follow the body any more. This allows to push back the depression created at the rear of the vehicle and thus limit the effect of restraint (called "suction effect") of this depression on the motor vehicle.
Les solutions actuelles consistent en un diffuseur arrière comprenant un panneau mobile en rotation entre une position rétractée et une position déployée lorsque le véhicule est en mouvement. La rotation de la position déployée à la position rétractée permet de repousser vers l’arrière les points de décollement de l’air et ainsi réduire la traînée du véhicule automobile comme expliqué auparavant. Le panneau mobile est déployé à partir d’une certaine vitesse afin de diminuer la traînée du véhicule et peut être replié à haute vitesse.  Current solutions consist of a rear diffuser comprising a panel movable in rotation between a retracted position and an extended position when the vehicle is in motion. The rotation of the deployed position to the retracted position makes it possible to push back the air separation points and thus reduce the drag of the motor vehicle as explained previously. The mobile panel is deployed from a certain speed to reduce vehicle drag and can be folded at high speed.
Ce dispositif permet efficacement de réduire la traînée du véhicule. Cependant, dans sa position déployée, le diffuseur laisse apparaître des ouvertures importantes entre le panneau mobile et le pare-chocs arrière du véhicule. En effet, il apparaît une ouverture centrale entre la pièce de carrosserie et le panneau du diffuseur, ainsi que deux ouvertures latérales de chaque côté du panneau. La présence de ces ouvertures entraîne plusieurs inconvénients. Premièrement, ces ouvertures peuvent laisser pénétrer de nombreux types de corps étrangers dans le dispositif. Ces corps étrangers peuvent être de la poussière, de la boue, la neige par temps d’hiver, ou tout autre type de salissure. Ces corps étrangers peuvent, en quantité suffisante, bloquer la fermeture du dispositif. En cas de boue ou de neige, le diffuseur peut ainsi être bloqué en position déployée. De même, de la poussière peut venir encrasser puis endommager les éléments mécaniques nécessaires au déploiement et à la rétractation du panneau mobile. Ainsi bloqué en position déployée ou fermée, le diffuseur ne peut plus assurer sa fonction et influer sur les performances aérodynamiques du véhicule, et nécessite une maintenance et/ou un remplacement qui peuvent être coûteux. Ensuite, ces ouvertures peuvent être perçues comme étant disgracieuses pour l’automobiliste, car nuisant à l’esthétique générale du véhicule. Ainsi, un tel dispositif peut nuire à la qualité perçue du véhicule dans son ensemble. This device effectively reduces the drag of the vehicle. However, in its deployed position, the diffuser reveals major openings between the movable panel and the rear bumper of the vehicle. Indeed, it appears a central opening between the body part and the diffuser panel, and two side openings on each side of the panel. The presence of these openings has several disadvantages. First, these openings may allow many types of foreign bodies to enter the device. These foreign bodies can be dust, mud, snow in winter weather, or any other type of dirt. These foreign bodies can, in sufficient quantity, block the closure of the device. In case of mud or snow, the diffuser can be locked in the deployed position. Similarly, dust can become dirty and damage the mechanical elements necessary for deployment and retraction of the mobile panel. Thus blocked in the deployed or closed position, the diffuser can no longer perform its function and affect the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle, and requires maintenance and / or replacement that can be expensive. Then these openings can be perceived as unsightly for the motorist, as it affects the overall aesthetics of the vehicle. Thus, such a device can affect the perceived quality of the vehicle as a whole.
Une autre solution consiste à utiliser un composant de couverture souple entre le panneau mobile du diffuseur et le pare-chocs du véhicule. Ce composant permet d’obstruer l’ouverture laissée lorsque le diffuseur est déployé. Par contre, un tel dispositif n’est pas optimal car de la salissure (neige, boue ou autre) peut se glisser dans les plis du composant souple lorsque le diffuseur se rétracte, pouvant provoquer un blocage du diffuseur. De plus, l’aspect extérieur d’un tel composant souple peut nuire à la qualité perçue par l’utilisateur et détériorer l’esthétique du véhicule. Ce composant peut aussi vibrer plus facilement qu’un panneau rigide et provoquer des nuisances sonores. Enfin, un tel composant flexible possède une faible résistance à la fatigue provoquée par de nombreux cycles d’ouverture et fermeture du panneau.  Another solution is to use a soft cover component between the movable panel of the diffuser and the bumper of the vehicle. This component closes the opening left when the diffuser is deployed. By cons, such a device is not optimal because of dirt (snow, mud or other) can slip into the folds of the flexible component when the diffuser retracts, which can cause a blockage of the diffuser. In addition, the appearance of such a flexible component can adversely affect the quality perceived by the user and deteriorate the aesthetics of the vehicle. This component can also vibrate more easily than a rigid panel and cause noise. Finally, such a flexible component has a low resistance to fatigue caused by many cycles of opening and closing the panel.
Une autre solution, décrite notamment dans le document US 2017/0036710, consiste à utiliser deux panneaux guidés chacun en rotation par rapport à la pièce de carrosserie sur laquelle ils sont fixés chacun par l’une de leurs extrémités. Le premier panneau agit en tant que diffuseur et le deuxième sert à obstruer l’ouverture centrale entre le premier et la carrosserie. Dans ce dispositif le panneau obstruant l’ouverture est en partie caché derrière le premier panneau lorsque le diffuseur est en position rétractée. Ainsi, une partie de ce panneau est visible dans cette position, ce qui nuit à l’esthétique du véhicule.  Another solution, described in particular in the document US 2017/0036710, consists in using two panels each guided in rotation relative to the bodywork part to which they are each fixed by one of their ends. The first panel acts as a diffuser and the second serves to obstruct the central opening between the first and the body. In this device the panel obstructing the opening is partly hidden behind the first panel when the diffuser is in the retracted position. Thus, part of this panel is visible in this position, which affects the aesthetics of the vehicle.
L’ajout d’un deuxième panneau à un diffuseur existant pose aussi des problèmes d’encombrement du diffuseur. En effet, celui-ci est censé être invisible en position rétractée, ce qui implique la nécessité d’avoir un deuxième panneau pouvant entrer dans un espace réduit dans la pièce de carrosserie en position rétractée, notamment à cause de la présence de pièces structurelles, comme un absorbeur de chocs par exemple, à proximité dans le pare-chocs.  The addition of a second panel to an existing diffuser also poses problems of congestion of the diffuser. Indeed, it is supposed to be invisible in the retracted position, which implies the need for a second panel that can enter a reduced space in the body part in the retracted position, in particular because of the presence of structural parts, like a shock absorber for example, close in the bumper.
L’invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant une pièce de carrosserie de véhicule comprenant un diffuseur arrière ne s’encrassant pas et ainsi limitant les risques de panne du dispositif. L’invention a aussi pour but de fournir un diffuseur arrière de véhicule ne nuisant pas à l’esthétique du véhicule (en particulier en position déployée), n’ayant ainsi pas d’impact néfaste sur la qualité perçue par l’automobiliste.  The invention aims to overcome these disadvantages by providing a vehicle body part comprising a rear diffuser not clogging and thus limiting the risk of failure of the device. The invention also aims to provide a vehicle rear diffuser does not detract from the aesthetics of the vehicle (particularly in the deployed position), thus having no adverse impact on the quality perceived by the motorist.
L’invention a pour objet un diffuseur arrière de véhicule automobile qui comprend un panneau primaire et un panneau secondaire lié au panneau primaire par au moins deux bielles de guidage aptes à déplacer le panneau secondaire suivant un mouvement selon un axe longitudinal (X) du véhicule par rapport au panneau primaire, lorsque le diffuseur est monté sur un véhicule automobile, chacun de ces panneaux étant mobile entre une position déployée et une position rétractée lorsque le diffuseur est fixé sur une pièce de carrosserie de véhicule ; le panneau secondaire étant complètement non visible de l’extérieur en position rétractée et obstruant l’ouverture entre la pièce de carrosserie et le panneau primaire en position déployée, lorsque la pièce de carrosserie est fixée sur un véhicule automobile, le déplacement du panneau secondaire ayant lieu suivant un mouvement selon un axe longitudinal (X) du véhicule. The invention relates to a rear diffuser of a motor vehicle which comprises a primary panel and a secondary panel connected to the primary panel by at least two guide rods adapted to move the secondary panel in a movement along a longitudinal axis (X) of the vehicle compared to the primary panel, when the diffuser is mounted on a motor vehicle, each of these panels being movable between an extended position and a retracted position when the diffuser is fixed on a vehicle body part; the secondary panel being completely invisible from the outside in the retracted position and obstructing the opening between the bodywork part and the primary panel in the deployed position, when the bodywork part is fixed to a motor vehicle, the displacement of the secondary panel having place following a movement along a longitudinal axis (X) of the vehicle.
Le panneau secondaire vient obstruer, au moins partiellement une ouverture créée lors du déploiement entre le panneau primaire et le reste du pare-chocs arrière du véhicule. Lors du son déploiement, trois ouvertures sont créées, une centrale entre le panneau primaire et la pièce de carrosserie, et deux latérales situées sur les côtés du panneau primaire. Ici, le panneau secondaire vient obstruer l’ouverture centrale. Suivant sa forme, il peut même obstruer les deux ouvertures latérales. L’occupation de cette ouverture par le panneau secondaire permet d’empêcher un corps étranger de pénétrer à l’intérieur du diffuseur arrière. Ainsi, des salissures comme de la boue, de la poussière, de la neige, ou tout autre type de salissures, ne peuvent pas pénétrer dans le dispositif, et donc ne peuvent venir gêner le bon fonctionnement de celui-ci. L’invention permet donc de diminuer les opérations de maintenance, ou l’usure des pièces du dispositif en le protégeant des salissures.  The secondary panel obstructs, at least partially an opening created during deployment between the primary panel and the rest of the rear bumper of the vehicle. When it is deployed, three openings are created, a central between the primary panel and the bodywork part, and two sideways located on the sides of the primary panel. Here, the secondary panel obstructs the central opening. Depending on its shape, it can even obstruct the two side openings. The occupation of this opening by the secondary panel makes it possible to prevent a foreign body from penetrating inside the rear diffuser. Thus, dirt such as mud, dust, snow, or any other type of dirt, can not enter the device, and therefore can not interfere with the proper functioning of it. The invention thus makes it possible to reduce the maintenance operations, or the wear of the parts of the device by protecting it from dirt.
De plus, la présence de ce panneau secondaire permet, lorsque le diffuseur est en position déployée, d’obstruer un interstice qui s’est créé avec le déploiement du panneau primaire. De cette manière, le pare-chocs arrière conserve une apparence harmonieuse, de par l’absence d’un trou béant en en plein milieu de celui-ci. Cette absence de trou permet d’améliorer l’esthétique globale du véhicule, et permet par voie de conséquence de bonifier la qualité perçue par l’utilisateur.  In addition, the presence of this secondary panel allows, when the diffuser is in the deployed position, to obstruct a gap that was created with the deployment of the primary panel. In this way, the rear bumper retains a harmonious appearance, due to the absence of a gaping hole in the middle of it. This absence of hole improves the overall aesthetics of the vehicle, and consequently improves the quality perceived by the user.
Le positionnement relatif des panneaux primaire et secondaire, avec un panneau secondaire qui se loge à l’intérieur du véhicule en position rétractée, permet aussi d’avoir un panneau primaire sur toute la surface de l’ouverture du pare-chocs. Ceci est avantageux d’un point de vue esthétique lorsque le diffuseur arrière est en position rétractée. De plus, le panneau secondaire étant caché en position rétractée, il est donc protégé des salissures et des chocs auxquels il serait autrement soumis dans cette position. Il conserve donc un bon état de surface, ce qui profite à l’esthétique du diffuseur.  The relative positioning of the primary and secondary panels, with a secondary panel which is housed inside the vehicle in the retracted position, also allows to have a primary panel on the entire surface of the opening of the bumper. This is advantageous from an aesthetic point of view when the rear diffuser is in the retracted position. In addition, the secondary panel is hidden in the retracted position, so it is protected from dirt and shocks to which it would otherwise be subjected in this position. It therefore retains a good surface condition, which benefits the aesthetics of the diffuser.
Enfin, la liaison entre les panneaux primaire et secondaire par l’intermédiaire de deux bielles impose une cinématique particulière au panneau secondaire qui est particulièrement avantageuse pour lui permettre d’éviter certaines pièces structurelles du véhicule présentes dans l’environnement direct du diffuseur. Une de ces pièces peut par exemple être un absorbeur de chocs, qui est en général constitué d’une poutre en acier ou en aluminium, présent dans le pare-chocs arrière de véhicule. Cette pièce, qui ne peut être déplacée lors de la conception du véhicule, peut gêner la rétractation du panneau secondaire. La cinématique du panneau secondaire selon l’invention permet d’éviter cette pièce. Finally, the connection between the primary and secondary panels via two connecting rods imposes a particular kinematic secondary panel which is particularly advantageous to allow it to avoid certain structural parts of the vehicle present in the direct environment of the diffuser. One of these pieces can for example be a shock absorber, which is usually made of a steel beam or aluminum, present in the vehicle rear bumper. This part, which can not be moved during the design of the vehicle, may interfere with the retraction of the secondary panel. The kinematics of the secondary panel according to the invention makes it possible to avoid this part.
Le diffuseur arrière selon l’invention peut également comprendre une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :  The rear diffuser according to the invention may also comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
- le déplacement du panneau secondaire entre ses positions rétractée et déployée se fait suivant une trajectoire circulaire par rapport au panneau primaire ;  - The displacement of the secondary panel between its retracted and deployed positions is in a circular path relative to the primary panel;
- une des bielles de guidage liant les panneaux primaire et secondaire est liée à un système de déploiement du panneau primaire ;  one of the guide rods linking the primary and secondary panels is linked to a system for deploying the primary panel;
- le système de déploiement du panneau primaire comprend au moins une bielle de déploiement ;  the system for deploying the primary panel comprises at least one deployment link;
- la bielle de déploiement du panneau primaire est liée mécaniquement à une des bielles de guidage, le déploiement et la rétractation du panneau primaire entraînant ceux du panneau secondaire ;  - The primary panel deployment rod is mechanically linked to one of the guide rods, the deployment and retraction of the primary panel leading to those of the secondary panel;
- la liaison entre la bielle de déploiement du panneau primaire et la bielle de guidage est réalisée par une bielle de transmission ;  - The connection between the deployment rod of the primary panel and the guide rod is made by a transmission rod;
- les deux bielles de guidage ont la même longueur ;  the two guide rods have the same length;
- les deux bielles de guidage ont des longueurs différentes ;  the two guide rods have different lengths;
- le panneau secondaire a une amplitude de déplacement entre ses positions déployée et rétractée comprise entre 5 mm et 100 mm, de préférence entre 10 mm et 40 mm, dans un référentiel lié au panneau primaire ;  the secondary panel has an amplitude of displacement between its extended and retracted positions of between 5 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 10 mm and 40 mm, in a frame of reference related to the primary panel;
Diffuseur arrière selon l’une des revendications précédentes dans lequel le panneau primaire possède une forme générale en « U ».  Rear diffuser according to one of the preceding claims wherein the primary panel has a general shape "U".
L’invention concerne également une pièce de carrosserie de véhicule automobile comprenant un diffuseur arrière selon l’invention.  The invention also relates to a bodywork part of a motor vehicle comprising a rear diffuser according to the invention.
Avantageusement, la pièce de carrosserie est un pare-chocs arrière.  Advantageously, the bodywork part is a rear bumper.
Avantageusement le panneau secondaire est apte à éviter l’intrusion de corps étrangers entre la pièce de carrosserie et le panneau primaire.  Advantageously, the secondary panel is able to prevent the intrusion of foreign bodies between the bodywork part and the primary panel.
Avantageusement, le panneau secondaire est non-visible depuis l’extérieur du véhicule lorsque le diffuseur est en position rétractée.  Advantageously, the secondary panel is invisible from outside the vehicle when the diffuser is in the retracted position.
L’invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture des figures annexées, qui sont fournies à titre d’exemple et ne présentent aucun caractère limitatif, dans lesquelles :  The invention will be better understood on reading the appended figures, which are provided by way of example and are in no way limiting, in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d’une extrémité inférieure arrière de véhicule automobile suivant un plan longitudinal comprenant un diffuseur arrière selon l’invention en position déployée ; - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe d’une extrémité inférieure arrière de véhicule automobile suivant un plan longitudinal comprenant un diffuseur arrière selon l’invention en position rétractée ; - Figure 1 is a sectional view of a rear lower end of a motor vehicle along a longitudinal plane comprising a rear diffuser according to the invention in the deployed position; - Figure 2 is a sectional view of a rear lower end of a motor vehicle along a longitudinal plane comprising a rear diffuser according to the invention in the retracted position;
- la figure 3 est une vue en perspective d’un pare-chocs de véhicule comprenant un diffuseur arrière.  - Figure 3 is a perspective view of a vehicle bumper comprising a rear diffuser.
Les figures représentent un diffuseur arrière dans sa configuration montée sur une pièce de carrosserie de véhicule automobile, plus précisément un pare-chocs arrière de véhicule automobile.  The figures show a rear diffuser in its configuration mounted on a body part of a motor vehicle, specifically a rear bumper of a motor vehicle.
Par la suite, les termes tels que « axe longitudinal X », « axe transversal Y », « axe vertical Z », « avant », « arrière », « au- dessus », « supérieur », « en-dessous », « inferieur », etc. s’entendent par référence à l’orientation usuelle des véhicules automobiles selon le repère représenté sur la figure 1 et sur la figure 3.  Subsequently, the terms such as "longitudinal axis X", "transverse axis Y", "vertical axis Z", "front", "rear", "above", "upper", "below", "Inferior", etc. are understood by reference to the usual orientation of motor vehicles according to the reference shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3.
Les figures 1 et 2 représentent un diffuseur arrière 10 monté sur une pièce de carrosserie 40 de véhicule, en coupe suivant un plan orienté verticalement selon l’axe longitudinal X du véhicule. Ce diffuseur 10 est par exemple réalisé en matière plastique. La pièce de carrosserie 40 est ici un pare-chocs arrière, par exemple lui aussi réalisé en matière plastique. Ce diffuseur 10 comprend un panneau primaire 20 et un panneau secondaire 30, chacun de ces panneaux étant mobile entre une position déployée (illustrée en figure 1 ) et une position rétractée (illustrée en figure 2), lorsque le diffuseur arrière 10 est fixé sur une pièce de carrosserie de véhicule (dans ce cas le pare-chocs arrière 40). Le panneau secondaire 30 est lié au panneau primaire 20 par deux bielles de guidage 35. Ces deux bielles de guidage 35 sont liées au panneau primaire 20 chacune par une liaison pivot, qui est ici placée à une extrémité de la bielle de guidage 35 et sur une protubérance 22 du panneau primaire 20, qui s’étend sensiblement perpendiculairement depuis une face interne 24 du panneau primaire 20, en direction de la pièce de carrosserie 40.  Figures 1 and 2 show a rear diffuser 10 mounted on a vehicle body part 40, in section along a plane oriented vertically along the longitudinal axis X of the vehicle. This diffuser 10 is for example made of plastic. The body part 40 is here a rear bumper, for example also made of plastic. This diffuser 10 comprises a primary panel 20 and a secondary panel 30, each of these panels being movable between an extended position (illustrated in FIG. 1) and a retracted position (illustrated in FIG. 2), when the rear diffuser 10 is fixed on a vehicle body part (in this case the rear bumper 40). The secondary panel 30 is connected to the primary panel 20 by two guide rods 35. These two guide rods 35 are connected to the primary panel 20 each by a pivot connection, which is here placed at one end of the guide rod 35 and on a protuberance 22 of the primary panel 20, which extends substantially perpendicularly from an inner face 24 of the primary panel 20, toward the bodywork part 40.
Le diffuseur arrière 10 est donc apte à passer d’une position déployée représentée à la figure 1 à une position rétractée représentée en figure 2.  The rear diffuser 10 is therefore able to move from an extended position shown in FIG. 1 to a retracted position represented in FIG. 2.
La pièce de carrosserie 40 du véhicule comprend une partie supérieure 42 et une partie inférieure 44. Une ouverture 50 est aménagée entre ces deux parties du pare- chocs. En position rétractée, le panneau primaire 20 est plaqué contre le pare-chocs du véhicule et obstrue l’ouverture 50 située dans celui-ci, située entre la partie supérieure 42 et la partie inférieure 44. Ce panneau 20 présente une concavité sur sa face externe, ici représentée orientée vers le bas, relativement à l’axe vertical z du véhicule. Le panneau primaire 20 comporte ici une languette 27 à son extrémité arrière 29. La languette 27 est optionnelle, le panneau primaire 20 peut donc tout à fait en être dépourvu. Lorsque le diffuseur 10 est en position déployée, une surface externe le panneau secondaire 30 vient en contact avec la languette 27 du panneau secondaire 30. De cette façon, l’ouverture 50 est complètement obstruée et aucune salissure ne peut pénétrer entre le panneau secondaire 30 et la languette 27 du fait de ce contact. The bodywork part 40 of the vehicle comprises an upper part 42 and a lower part 44. An opening 50 is arranged between these two parts of the bumper. In retracted position, the primary panel 20 is pressed against the bumper of the vehicle and obstructs the opening 50 located therein, located between the upper portion 42 and the lower portion 44. This panel 20 has a concavity on its face external, here shown facing downwards, relative to the vertical axis z of the vehicle. The primary panel 20 here comprises a tab 27 at its rear end 29. The tab 27 is optional, the primary panel 20 can therefore quite be devoid of it. When the diffuser 10 is in the deployed position, an outer surface the secondary panel 30 comes into contact with the tongue 27 of the secondary panel 30. In this way, the opening 50 is completely obstructed and no dirt can penetrate between the secondary panel 30 and the tongue 27 because of this contact.
Le contact entre la languette 27 et le panneau secondaire 30 est optionnel, il est donc tout à fait possible d’avoir un diffuseur arrière 10 dans lequel le panneau secondaire 30 et la languette 27 ne se touchent pas.  The contact between the tongue 27 and the secondary panel 30 is optional, so it is quite possible to have a rear diffuser 10 in which the secondary panel 30 and the tab 27 do not touch.
Lorsque le diffuseur 10 est en position rétractée (comme représenté en figure 2), le panneau secondaire est cette fois escamoté, c’est-à-dire qu’il est en retrait de la l’extrémité arrière 29 du panneau primaire 20. Ainsi, il est aussi en retrait de la languette 27. La pièce de carrosserie 40 comporte ici un absorbeur de chocs 46, qui forme une poutre pouvant être en acier, en aluminium ou en composite par exemple, qui est une pièce structurelle du véhicule. Lorsque le panneau secondaire 30 est escamoté, il se loge derrière l’absorbeur de chocs 46, c’est-à-dire en direction de l’avant du véhicule. De cette manière, il évite cet absorbeur 46. Ainsi, l’espace est optimisé dans la pièce de carrosserie 40.  When the diffuser 10 is in the retracted position (as shown in Figure 2), the secondary panel is this time retracted, that is to say it is set back from the rear end 29 of the primary panel 20. Thus it is also set back from the tongue 27. The bodywork part 40 here comprises a shock absorber 46, which forms a beam that may be made of steel, aluminum or composite for example, which is a structural part of the vehicle. When the secondary panel 30 is retracted, it is housed behind the shock absorber 46, that is to say towards the front of the vehicle. In this way, it avoids this absorber 46. Thus, the space is optimized in the bodywork part 40.
Le déploiement et la rétractation du panneau primaire 20 sont actionnés grâce à un système à bielles 26. Ce système 26 comporte plusieurs bielles de déploiement 25, qui lient le panneau primaire 20 à la pièce de carrosserie 40. Ces bielles 25 sont soit simples, soit doubles, c’est-à-dire que deux bielles sont agencées en séries entre la pièce de carrosserie 40 et le panneau primaire 20. Ce système à bielles 26 peut être actionné par un moteur électrique, un dispositif pneumatique, ou tout autre dispositif qui se prête à cette application.  The deployment and retraction of the primary panel 20 are actuated by means of a link system 26. This system 26 comprises several deployment links 25, which link the primary panel 20 to the body part 40. These rods 25 are either simple or double, that is to say that two connecting rods are arranged in series between the bodywork part 40 and the primary panel 20. This link system 26 can be actuated by an electric motor, a pneumatic device, or any other device that lends itself to this application.
Une bielle de transmission 37 relie une des bielles de déploiement 25 avec une des bielles de guidage 35. Cette bielle de transmission 37 est fixé par l’une de ses extrémités sur une des bielles de guidage 25 au niveau d’un point de liaison 38 par une liaison pivot. Sur son autre extrémité, elle est fixée au niveau d’un point de liaison 39 par une liaison pivot sur une bielle de guidage 35. Le choix de la hauteur du point de liaison 38 sur la bielle de déploiement 25 est fait au moment de la conception du diffuseur afin d’obtenir le débattement souhaité pour le panneau secondaire entre les positions déployée et rétractée. Plus ce point 38 est situé haut sur la bielle de déploiement 25, plus le débattement du panneau secondaire 30 sera grand, et inversement. La bielle de guidage 35 sur laquelle est fixée la bielle de transmission 37 présente une forme en équerre, et est liée avec la protubérance 22 du panneau primaire au niveau de son angle droit. Cette bielle de guidage 35 est lié à l’une de ses extrémités au panneau secondaire 30, et à l’autre de ses extrémités à la bielle de guidage 37. La géométrie de cette bielle 35 est elle aussi choisie de manière à obtenir le débattement souhaité pour le panneau secondaire 30 entre ses positions déployée et rétractée. A transmission rod 37 connects one of the deployment rods 25 with one of the guide rods 35. This transmission rod 37 is fixed at one of its ends to one of the guide rods 25 at a connection point 38 by a pivot connection. On its other end, it is fixed at a point of connection 39 by a pivot connection on a guide rod 35. The choice of the height of the connection point 38 on the deployment rod 25 is made at the time of the diffuser design to achieve the desired deflection for the secondary panel between the deployed and retracted positions. The higher this point 38 is located on the deployment rod 25, the greater the clearance of the secondary panel 30 will be large, and vice versa. The guide rod 35 on which is fixed the transmission rod 37 has a square shape, and is connected with the protrusion 22 of the primary panel at its right angle. This guide rod 35 is connected at one of its ends to the secondary panel 30, and at the other of its ends to the guide rod 37. The geometry of this rod 35 is also chosen so as to obtain the desired travel for the secondary panel 30 between its deployed and retracted positions.
Les deux bielles de guidage 25 ont ici la même longueur entre leurs points de liaisons avec le panneau primaire et le panneau secondaire, mais il est possible, de manière alternative, d’avoir une bielle ayant une longueur différente entre ces deux points que l’autre, ce qui entraîne une cinématique différente.  The two guide rods 25 here have the same length between their connection points with the primary panel and the secondary panel, but it is possible, alternatively, to have a connecting rod having a different length between these two points that the other, which leads to a different kinematics.
Comme montré en figure 2, lorsque le diffuseur 10 est en position rétractée, le panneau primaire 20 obstrue complètement une ouverture située dans la pièce de carrosserie 40, de sorte qu’un espace interne du diffuseur 70, situé entre le panneau primaire 20 et la pièce de carrosserie 40, est protégé des salissures de toutes sortes, telles que de la boue, de la neige ou de poussière, ou de tout autre type de corps étranger au véhicule. Les bielles 25, 35 et 37, ainsi que le système de déploiement 26 en sont eux aussi protégés. Dans cette position, le panneau secondaire est complètement invisible depuis l’extérieur du véhicule sur lequel il est monté, ce qui particulièrement avantageux pour la qualité perçue par l’utilisateur.  As shown in FIG. 2, when the diffuser 10 is in the retracted position, the primary panel 20 completely obstructs an opening in the bodywork part 40, so that an internal space of the diffuser 70, located between the primary panel 20 and the body part 40, is protected from soiling of all kinds, such as mud, snow or dust, or any other type of foreign body to the vehicle. The rods 25, 35 and 37, as well as the deployment system 26 are also protected. In this position, the secondary panel is completely invisible from the outside of the vehicle on which it is mounted, which is particularly advantageous for the quality perceived by the user.
Comme montré en figure 1 , lorsque le diffuseur 10 est en position déployée, le panneau primaire 20 est orienté horizontalement et n’obstrue plus à lui seul l’ouverture de la pièce de carrosserie 50. Le panneau secondaire 30 est cette fois orienté quasiment perpendiculairement au dit panneau primaire 20. L’ensemble du panneau secondaire 30 et du panneau primaire 20 obstrue, au moins partiellement une ouverture de la pièce de carrosserie 50. Le déploiement du panneau primaire 20 créé trois ouvertures, l’une centrale entre le panneau primaire et la pièce de carrosserie 50, ainsi que deux latérales situées sur les côtés (suivant l’axe Y) du panneau primaire 20. Le panneau secondaire 30 vient obstruer l’ouverture centrale 50, lorsque le diffuseur 10 est en position déployée. Dans cette position, l’espace interne du diffuseur 70 est de fait plus grand que lorsque le diffuseur 10 est en position rétractée. Cet espace interne 70, est à l’abri des salissures provenant du milieu extérieur au véhicule, car l’ouverture du pare-chocs 50 est bien obstruée par le panneau primaire 20 et le panneau secondaire 30. De manière avantageuse, le panneau primaire 20 peut posséder une forme générale en « U » lui permettant d’obstruer les ouvertures latérales entre celui-ci et le pare-chocs 50, lorsque le diffuseur 10 est en position déployée.  As shown in FIG. 1, when the diffuser 10 is in the deployed position, the primary panel 20 is oriented horizontally and no longer obstructs the opening of the bodywork part 50 alone. The secondary panel 30 is this time oriented almost perpendicularly. at said primary panel 20. The assembly of the secondary panel 30 and the primary panel 20 obstructs, at least partially an opening of the bodywork part 50. The deployment of the primary panel 20 creates three openings, one central between the primary panel and the bodywork part 50, as well as two lateral sides (along the Y axis) of the primary panel 20. The secondary panel 30 obstructs the central opening 50, when the diffuser 10 is in the deployed position. In this position, the internal space of the diffuser 70 is actually larger than when the diffuser 10 is in the retracted position. This internal space 70, is protected from dirt from the outside of the vehicle, because the opening of the bumper 50 is obstructed by the primary panel 20 and the secondary panel 30. Advantageously, the primary panel 20 may have a general shape "U" allowing it to obstruct the lateral openings between it and the bumper 50, when the diffuser 10 is in the deployed position.
En position déployée, le diffuseur 10 est apte à diriger l’air depuis le soubassement du véhicule vers l’arrière de celui-ci, et ainsi décaler vers l’arrière les points de décollement de l’air par rapport au véhicule, c’est-à-dire les points au niveau desquels l’air ne suit plus la carrosserie. Cela permet de repousser vers l’arrière la dépression se créant à l’arrière du véhicule et ainsi limiter l’effet de retenue (appelé « effet de succion ») de cette dépression sur le véhicule automobile. De ce fait, le diffuseur 10 permet de diminuer la force de traînée lorsqu’il est déployé. In the deployed position, the diffuser 10 is able to direct the air from the underbody of the vehicle towards the rear of the latter, and thus to shift back the points of separation of the air with respect to the vehicle. that is to say the points at which the air no longer follows the bodywork. This allows to push back the depression created at the rear of the vehicle and thus limit the effect of restraint (called "suction effect") of this depression on the motor vehicle. As a result, the diffuser 10 reduces the drag force when deployed.
Nous allons maintenant décrire le déploiement et la rétractation du diffuseur 10 des figures 1 et 2.  We will now describe the deployment and retraction of the diffuser 10 of Figures 1 and 2.
Un dispositif (électrique, mécanique, pneumatique ou autre), qui n’est pas représenté sur les figures entraîne le mouvement des bielles de déploiement 25 du système de déploiement du panneau primaire 26. Ainsi, par déploiement de ce système 26 à biellettes 22, le panneau primaire 20 est mû de sa position rétractée à sa position déployée. Il effectue ainsi, de par l’agencement du système à bielles 22, une trajectoire suivant un mouvement combiné de plusieurs rotations simultanées autour de différents axes de rotations. Cette trajectoire du panneau primaire lui permet de se placer au mieux entre sa position rétractée, où il comble à lui seul l’ouverture 50 de la pièce de carrosserie 40 de façon à maintenir une continuité entre les partie inférieure 42 et supérieure 44 de la pièce de carrosserie 40, et sa position déployée dans laquelle il est placé pour réduire « l’effet de succion » sur le véhicule. Dans un même temps, la bielle de transmission 37, qui est liée à l’une des bielles de déploiement 25 transmet le mouvement de déploiement ou de rétractation à l’une des bielles de guidage 35, ce qui a pour effet de la mettre en rotation par rapport au panneau primaire 20. Cette bielle de guidage 35 entraîne donc le panneau secondaire 30 dans son mouvement de rétractation ou de déploiement. Selon les longueurs des bielles et la localisation des points de liaison, ces mouvements peuvent par exemple s’effectuer suivant une trajectoire circulaire par rapport au panneau primaire 20. En effet, les bielles de guidage 35 entrent en rotation autour du point de liaison avec le panneau primaire 20, et entraînent le panneau secondaire 30 dans leur mouvement. Ainsi, une des bielles de guidage 35 est lié au système de déploiement 26, ce qui permet d’activer le déploiement et la rétractation des deux panneaux 20, 30 à l’aide d’un unique mécanisme, ce qui réduit le nombre de pièces nécessaires et simplifie ces étapes. Le fait qu’une bielle de guidage 35 soit liée mécaniquement à une bielle de déploiement 25 assure de plus une bonne synchronisation lors du déploiement et de la rétractation des deux panneaux 20, 30. Le fait que la liaison de ces bielles de déploiement 25 et de guidage 35 soit réalisée par une bielle de transmission 37 simplifie le dispositif et participe à sa légèreté.  A device (electric, mechanical, pneumatic or other), which is not shown in the figures, causes the movement of the deployment rods 25 of the deployment system of the primary panel 26. Thus, by deployment of this system 26 with rods 22, the primary panel 20 is moved from its retracted position to its deployed position. It thus performs, through the arrangement of the linkage system 22, a trajectory following a combined movement of several simultaneous rotations around different axes of rotation. This trajectory of the primary panel allows it to best position itself between its retracted position, where it fills alone the opening 50 of the bodywork part 40 so as to maintain continuity between the lower part 42 and upper part 44 of the part 40, and its deployed position in which it is placed to reduce the "suction effect" on the vehicle. At the same time, the transmission rod 37, which is connected to one of the deployment rods 25 transmits the deployment or retraction movement to one of the guide rods 35, which has the effect of setting it rotation relative to the primary panel 20. This guide rod 35 therefore drives the secondary panel 30 in its retracting or deploying movement. Depending on the lengths of the connecting rods and the location of the connection points, these movements may for example be effected along a circular path relative to the primary panel 20. In fact, the guide rods 35 rotate around the point of connection with the primary panel 20, and drive the secondary panel 30 in their movement. Thus, one of the guide rods 35 is connected to the deployment system 26, which enables the deployment and retraction of the two panels 20, 30 with a single mechanism, which reduces the number of parts necessary and simplifies these steps. The fact that a guide rod 35 is mechanically connected to a deployment rod 25 further ensures good synchronization during the deployment and retraction of the two panels 20, 30. The fact that the connection of these deployment rods 25 and The guide 35 is made by a transmission rod 37 simplifies the device and contributes to its lightness.
Ainsi, le panneau secondaire 30 se retrouve placé de manière à obstruer une ouverture centrale 50 entre la partie supérieure de la pièce de carrosserie 44 et le panneau primaire 20 du diffuseur. De cette manière, l’espace interne 70 du diffuseur est abrité de toute salissure qui aurait pu s’y introduire autrement. Ainsi, de la salissure comme de la boue, de la neige, de la poussière ou autre ne vient pas obstruer l’espace interne du diffuseur 70, ce qui empêcherait la rétractation de celui-ci. Cette cinématique particulière du panneau secondaire 30 présente de nombreux avantages. Premièrement, le système de rétractation et de déploiement du diffuseur 10, à savoir le système de déploiement 26 du panneau primaire 20, et les bielles 25, 35 et 37 sont protégés des salissures. Ainsi, le risque de blocage du dispositif est grandement réduit. De même, l’usure de ces éléments mécaniques est fortement réduite de par leur protection aux salissures. Deuxièmement, le fait que le panneau secondaire 30 suive une trajectoire particulière par rapport au panneau primaire 20 lui permet d’éviter les pièces du véhicule présentes dans l’environnement du diffuseur 10, telles qu’un absorbeur de chocs 46 par exemple. Les deux bielles de guidage 35 faisant la même longueur, le panneau secondaire 30 se déplace en restant parallèle à la languette 27 du panneau primaire, ce qui facilite l’intégration du panneau secondaire 30 dans son environnement. Ce mouvement de rétractation et déploiement du panneau secondaire a une amplitude comprise entre 5 mm et 100 mm, de préférence entre 10 mm et 40 mm, dans un référentiel lié au panneau primaire 20. Cette distance d’escamotage est adéquate pour l’évitement des éléments dans l’environnement du diffuseur 10. De préférence, cette amplitude est de 30 mm. Si la liaison entre les deux panneaux 20 et 30 avait été par exemple une glissière, celle-ci aurait été exposée à des risques de blocage par insertion de salissures empêchant le mouvement de glissement. Cette remarque peut être faite pour tout diffuseur 10 dans lequel le panneau secondaire 30 effectuerait un mouvement de translation par rapport au panneau primaire 20. Enfin, utiliser un panneau secondaire 30 rigide, qui peut être peint (notamment dans la même teinte que le reste du véhicule), permet de donner une esthétique au diffuseur 10 qui soit en accord avec le reste du véhicule. De plus, un tel panneau 30 rigide possède une bien meilleure résistance à la fatigue que si l’on utilisait, par exemple, un élément flexible. Thus, the secondary panel 30 is placed so as to obstruct a central opening 50 between the upper part of the bodywork part 44 and the primary panel 20 of the diffuser. In this way, the internal space 70 of the diffuser is sheltered from any dirt that might have been introduced otherwise. Thus, dirt such as mud, snow, dust or other does not obstruct the internal space of the diffuser 70, which would prevent the retraction thereof. This particular kinematics of the secondary panel 30 has many advantages. First, the shrink and unfold system of the diffuser 10, namely the deployment system 26 of the primary panel 20, and the connecting rods 25, 35 and 37 are protected from soiling. Thus, the risk of blocking the device is greatly reduced. Similarly, the wear of these mechanical elements is greatly reduced by their protection against soiling. Secondly, the fact that the secondary panel 30 follows a particular path relative to the primary panel 20 allows it to avoid vehicle parts present in the environment of the diffuser 10, such as a shock absorber 46 for example. The two guide rods 35 making the same length, the secondary panel 30 moves while remaining parallel to the tongue 27 of the primary panel, which facilitates the integration of the secondary panel 30 in its environment. This movement of retraction and deployment of the secondary panel has an amplitude of between 5 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 10 mm and 40 mm, in a frame of reference related to the primary panel 20. This retraction distance is adequate for the avoidance of elements in the environment of the diffuser 10. Preferably, this amplitude is 30 mm. If the connection between the two panels 20 and 30 had been for example a slide, it would have been exposed to the risk of blockage by insertion of dirt preventing the sliding movement. This remark can be made for any diffuser 10 in which the secondary panel 30 would translate with respect to the primary panel 20. Finally, use a rigid secondary panel 30, which can be painted (especially in the same shade as the rest of the vehicle), gives an aesthetic to the diffuser 10 which is in agreement with the rest of the vehicle. In addition, such a rigid panel has a much better fatigue strength than if, for example, a flexible element were used.
Dans le mode de réalisation présenté, les deux bielles de guidage 35 ont la même longueur. Cette disposition permet de simplement mettre en œuvre un mouvement circulaire du panneau secondaire 30 dans un référentiel lié au panneau primaire 20.  In the embodiment shown, the two guide rods 35 have the same length. This arrangement makes it possible to simply implement a circular movement of the secondary panel 30 in a frame linked to the primary panel 20.
La trajectoire circulaire du panneau secondaire 30 par rapport au panneau primaire 20 permet un évitement efficace des éléments présents dans l’environnement du diffuseur arrière 10, tels que l’absorbeur de choc 46 par exemple. Ainsi, le panneau secondaire 30 s’escamote en passant de sa position déployée à sa position rétractée.  The circular path of the secondary panel 30 relative to the primary panel 20 allows effective avoidance of the elements present in the environment of the rear diffuser 10, such as the shock absorber 46 for example. Thus, the secondary panel 30 retracts from its deployed position to its retracted position.
De manière alternative, les deux bielles de guidage 35 peuvent avoir des longueurs différentes. Cette disposition permet d’ajouter une rotation du panneau secondaire 30 à sa trajectoire, ce qui est utile pour adapter cette trajectoire aux éléments présents dans l’environnement du diffuseur 10 (par exemple l’absorbeur de chocs 46).  Alternatively, the two guide rods 35 may have different lengths. This arrangement makes it possible to add a rotation of the secondary panel 30 to its trajectory, which is useful for adapting this trajectory to the elements present in the environment of the diffuser 10 (for example the shock absorber 46).
La figure 3 représente un diffuseur arrière 10 selon l’invention monté sur une pièce de carrosserie 40 de véhicule, en position déployée et sur lequel le panneau secondaire 30 n’apparaît pas. On peut voir l’ouverture 50 qui est comblée par le panneau secondaire 30 normalement et par laquelle des salissures pourraient pénétrer dans l’espace interne 70 du diffuseur 10, si le panneau secondaire 30 n’était pas là. FIG. 3 represents a rear diffuser 10 according to the invention mounted on a piece of vehicle body 40, in the deployed position and on which the secondary panel 30 does not appear. We can see the opening 50 which is filled by the secondary panel 30 normally and through which dirt could enter the internal space 70 of the diffuser 10, if the secondary panel 30 was not there.
L'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation présentés et d'autres modes de réalisation apparaîtront clairement à l'homme du métier.  The invention is not limited to the embodiments presented and other embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art.
Il est par exemple possible d’avoir un diffuseur possédant plusieurs panneaux secondaires, afin de boucher au mieux l’ouverture entre le panneau primaire et la partie supérieure de la pièce de carrosserie. It is for example possible to have a diffuser having several secondary panels, in order to better block the opening between the primary panel and the upper part of the bodywork part.
Nomenclature : Nomenclature :
10 : diffuseur arrière 10: rear diffuser
20 : panneau primaire  20: primary panel
22 : protubérance du panneau primaire  22: protuberance of the primary panel
24 : face interne du panneau primaire  24: inner face of the primary panel
25 : bielles de déploiement  25: deployment rods
26 : système de déploiement du panneau primaire  26: primary panel deployment system
27 : languette du panneau primaire  27: tongue of the primary panel
29 : extrémité arrière du panneau primaire  29: rear end of the primary panel
30 : panneau secondaire  30: secondary panel
32 : surface externe du panneau secondaire  32: outer surface of the secondary panel
35 : bielles de guidage 35: guide rods
37 : bielle de transmission  37: transmission rod
38 : point de liaison entre la bielle de déploiement et la bielle de transmission 38: connection point between the deployment link and the transmission link
39 : point de liaison entre la bielle de transmission et la bielle de guidage39: connection point between the transmission rod and the guide rod
40 : pièce de carrosserie 40: bodywork part
42 : partie inférieure de la pièce de carrosserie  42: lower part of the bodywork part
44 : partie supérieure de la pièce de carrosserie 44: upper part of the bodywork part
46 : absorbeur de chocs 46: shock absorber
50 : ouverture dans la pièce de carrosserie 50: opening in the bodywork part
70 : espace interne du diffuseur 70: internal space of the diffuser

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Diffuseur arrière (10) de véhicule automobile caractérisé en ce qu’il comprend un panneau primaire (20) et un panneau secondaire (30) lié au panneau primaire (20) par au moins deux bielles de guidage (35) aptes à déplacer le panneau secondaire (30) suivant un mouvement selon un axe longitudinal (X) du véhicule par rapport au panneau primaire (20), lorsque le diffuseur (10) est monté sur un véhicule automobile, chacun de ces panneaux étant mobile entre une position déployée et une position rétractée lorsque le diffuseur (10) est fixé sur une pièce de carrosserie (40) de véhicule ; le panneau secondaire (30) étant complètement non visible de l’extérieur en position rétractée et obstruant l’ouverture (50) entre la pièce de carrosserie et le panneau primaire (20) en position déployée, lorsque la pièce de carrosserie (40) est fixée sur un véhicule automobile, le déplacement du panneau secondaire ayant lieu suivant un mouvement selon un axe longitudinal (X) du véhicule . 1. Rear diffuser (10) of a motor vehicle characterized in that it comprises a primary panel (20) and a secondary panel (30) connected to the primary panel (20) by at least two guide rods (35) able to move the secondary panel (30) following a movement along a longitudinal axis (X) of the vehicle relative to the primary panel (20), when the diffuser (10) is mounted on a motor vehicle, each of these panels being movable between a deployed position and a retracted position when the diffuser (10) is attached to a vehicle bodywork (40); the secondary panel (30) being completely invisible from the outside in the retracted position and obstructing the opening (50) between the bodywork part and the primary panel (20) in the extended position, when the bodywork part (40) is fixed on a motor vehicle, the displacement of the secondary panel taking place according to a movement along a longitudinal axis (X) of the vehicle.
2. Diffuseur arrière selon la revendication précédente dans lequel le déplacement du panneau secondaire (30) entre ses positions rétractée et déployée se fait suivant une trajectoire circulaire par rapport au panneau primaire (20).  2. Rear diffuser according to the preceding claim wherein the movement of the secondary panel (30) between its retracted and deployed positions is in a circular path relative to the primary panel (20).
3. Diffuseur arrière (10) selon la revendication précédente dans lequel une des bielles de guidage (35) liant les panneaux primaire (20) et secondaire (30) est liée à un système de déploiement (26) du panneau primaire (20).  3. Rear diffuser (10) according to the preceding claim wherein one of the guide rods (35) connecting the primary panels (20) and secondary (30) is connected to a deployment system (26) of the primary panel (20).
4. Diffuseur arrière (10) selon la revendication précédente dans lequel le système de déploiement du panneau primaire comprend au moins une bielle de déploiement (25).  4. rear diffuser (10) according to the preceding claim wherein the deployment system of the primary panel comprises at least one deployment rod (25).
5. Diffuseur arrière (10) selon la revendication précédente dans lequel la bielle de déploiement (25) du panneau primaire (20) est liée mécaniquement à une des bielles de guidage (35), le déploiement et la rétractation du panneau primaire entraînant ceux du panneau secondaire. 5. rear diffuser (10) according to the preceding claim wherein the deployment rod (25) of the primary panel (20) is mechanically connected to one of the guide rods (35), the deployment and retraction of the primary panel causing those of the secondary panel.
6. Diffuseur arrière (10) selon la revendication précédente dans laquelle la liaison entre la bielle de déploiement (25) du panneau primaire (20) et la bielle de guidage 6. rear diffuser (10) according to the preceding claim wherein the connection between the deployment rod (25) of the primary panel (20) and the guide rod
(35) est réalisée par une bielle de transmission (37). (35) is formed by a transmission rod (37).
7. Diffuseur arrière selon l’une des revendications précédentes dans lequel les deux bielles de guidage (35) ont la même longueur.  7. rear diffuser according to one of the preceding claims wherein the two guide rods (35) have the same length.
8. Diffuseur arrière (10) selon l’une des revendications 1 à 6 dans lequel les deux bielles de guidage (35) ont des longueurs différentes.  8. rear diffuser (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the two guide rods (35) have different lengths.
9. Diffuseur arrière (10) selon l’une des revendications précédentes dans lequel le panneau secondaire (30) a une amplitude de déplacement entre ses positions déployée et rétractée comprise entre 5 mm et 100 mm, de préférence entre 10 mm et 40 mm, dans un référentiel lié au panneau primaire (20). 9. rear diffuser (10) according to one of the preceding claims wherein the secondary panel (30) has an amplitude of displacement between its positions. deployed and retracted between 5 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 10 mm and 40 mm, in a frame linked to the primary panel (20).
10. Diffuseur arrière (10) selon l’une des revendications précédentes dans lequel le panneau primaire (20) possède une forme générale en « U ».  10. rear diffuser (10) according to one of the preceding claims wherein the primary panel (20) has a general shape "U".
1 1. Pièce de carrosserie (40) de véhicule automobile comprenant un diffuseur arrière1 1. Body part (40) of a motor vehicle comprising a rear diffuser
(10) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes. (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.
12. Pièce de carrosserie selon la revendication précédente, la pièce de carrosserie étant un pare-chocs arrière.  12. Bodywork part according to the preceding claim, the bodywork part being a rear bumper.
13. Pièce de carrosserie selon l’une des revendications 11 et 12, dans laquelle le panneau secondaire (30) est apte à éviter l’intrusion de corps étrangers entre la pièce de carrosserie et le panneau primaire (20).  13. Bodywork part according to one of claims 11 and 12, wherein the secondary panel (30) is adapted to prevent the intrusion of foreign bodies between the bodywork part and the primary panel (20).
14. Pièce de carrosserie selon l’une des revendications 11 à 13 dans laquelle le panneau secondaire (30) est non-visible depuis l’extérieur du véhicule lorsque le diffuseur (10) est en position rétractée.  14. Bodywork part according to one of claims 11 to 13 wherein the secondary panel (30) is non-visible from outside the vehicle when the diffuser (10) is in the retracted position.
PCT/EP2019/064118 2018-05-30 2019-05-29 Movable rear diffuser of a vehicle, with a retractable panel WO2019229200A1 (en)

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FR1854613A FR3081820B1 (en) 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 MOBILE VEHICLE REAR DIFFUSER WITH RETRACTABLE PANEL

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EP3802291A1 (en) 2021-04-14
FR3081820B1 (en) 2020-09-04
FR3081820A1 (en) 2019-12-06

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