WO2019227756A1 - 一种预成型焊片 - Google Patents

一种预成型焊片 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019227756A1
WO2019227756A1 PCT/CN2018/104382 CN2018104382W WO2019227756A1 WO 2019227756 A1 WO2019227756 A1 WO 2019227756A1 CN 2018104382 W CN2018104382 W CN 2018104382W WO 2019227756 A1 WO2019227756 A1 WO 2019227756A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solder
preformed
sheet
protrusions
welding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/104382
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡航伟
杜昆
蔡烈松
陈明汉
Original Assignee
广州汉源新材料股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201820842281.9U external-priority patent/CN208680800U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201810556267.7A external-priority patent/CN108788509A/zh
Application filed by 广州汉源新材料股份有限公司 filed Critical 广州汉源新材料股份有限公司
Priority to US16/978,197 priority Critical patent/US11207748B2/en
Priority to EP18920829.1A priority patent/EP3744470A4/en
Publication of WO2019227756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019227756A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
    • B23K35/0238—Sheets, foils layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12389—All metal or with adjacent metals having variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/12396—Discontinuous surface component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of materials for electronic device welding, and specifically provides a pre-shaped soldering sheet.
  • the heat dissipation and reliability requirements of the package are becoming higher and higher, and reducing the cavitation rate of the soldering surface after soldering is the most important to improve heat dissipation and reliability. If the cavitation rate after welding is high, the thermal resistance of the solder joint will increase, the reliability of the solder joint will be poor, the resistance to cold and heat cycles and impact resistance will be poor, and the solder joint will easily crack or even break. , It is very likely to cause irreparable losses to components.
  • the welding of preformed soldering pads is generally performed by flux reduction welding or formic acid (or hydrogen) reduction welding.
  • the flux or formic acid (or hydrogen) itself, or the flux or formic acid (or hydrogen) is used to reduce the welded surface and The oxide film on the surface of the solder will generate gas.
  • the gas generated during soldering is not easily escaped or even escaped in the welding surface because there is no escape channel. Welding cavitation rate and improving welding quality bring many problems.
  • a pre-shaped soldering pad, at least one surface of the soldering pad is provided with a plurality of protrusions having a certain interval and / or a plurality of depressions having a certain interval.
  • the distance between the intervals is preferably: 0.1-100mm.
  • the spaced protrusions and / or spaced depressions prevent the solder pads from completely closing the surface of the material to be welded at the same time, so that the gas generated in the preheating stage and the welding stage has sufficient time and channels to be exhausted, so the protrusions
  • the spacing of the recessed portions is not limited to the preferred pitch value. All the pitch values can achieve the functions of the solution of the present invention, but the comprehensive effect is optimal within the range of the preferred values.
  • the distance between the highest point and the lowest point on the surface of the preformed solder sheet is: 0.005-5mm.
  • the spaced protrusions and / or spaced depressions prevent the solder pads from completely closing the surface of the material to be welded at the same time, so that the gas generated in the preheating stage and the welding stage has sufficient time and channels to be discharged, so the preforming
  • the distance between the highest point and the lowest point on the surface of the solder pad is not limited to the preferred value. All distance values can achieve the function of the solution of the present invention, but the comprehensive effect is optimal within the preferred value range.
  • the distance between the highest point and the lowest point and / or the distance between the protrusions and / or depressions determines the amount of gas released from the gas escape channel.
  • the number of the protrusions or depressions is at least one.
  • the protruding portion includes a raised edge (a top end of the protruding portion is linear, or a contact manner with the object to be welded is a line contact), a protruding point (a top end of the protruding portion is collected into a point shape, or a contact manner with the object to be welded). It is at least one of a point contact), a boss (the top end of the protruding portion is flat, or the contact method of the object to be welded is surface contact).
  • the recessed portion includes a recess (the recessed portion is opened on the surface of the solder pad, and is recessed toward the interior of the solder pad body.
  • the bottom of the depression is flat or integrated into a line, such as a cylindrical or square-shaped depression, cross section Trapezoidal, V-shaped groove-like depressions, etc.), dimples (the depressions open on the surface of the pad, and are recessed inside the pad body.
  • the bottom of the depression is flat or integrated into a point, such as a hemisphere, fan, square , Trapezoidal, conical depressions, etc.).
  • the shape, size, interval, arrangement, height of the protrusions and / or depth of the protrusions and / or depressions provided on each surface of the preformed welding sheet may be completely the same, partially the same, or completely different. the same.
  • the shapes, sizes, intervals, arrangements, and protrusions of the protrusions and / or depressions on both surfaces are provided.
  • the height and / or the depth of the depression may be completely the same, partially the same, or completely different.
  • the two sides may be corrugations (combined with protrusions and depressions), bumps, or bosses; it may also be one side with corrugations (combined with protrusions and depressions), and one side may be pits, bumps, or Boss; it can also be a pit or bump on one side and a boss on one side. Any specific combination of protrusions and / or depressions may be used.
  • the cross-sections of the protrusions or depressions on the surface of the preformed welding sheet may be squares, rectangles, trapezoids, triangles, and other polygons, or various shapes such as U-shapes and sectors;
  • the size has no effect on the function of the preformed soldering pad of the present invention, that is, the size is not limited; the arrangement can be regular and continuous, or irregular, non-uniform and continuous.
  • the protrusions and / or depressions on the surface of the preformed welding sheet may be stamped or rolled, or other machinery (such as separate preparation of the welding sheet body and the protruding part, and then preset grooves or holes, etc.) , Assembled) or chemical (such as chemical etching, spray plating, etc.).
  • the alloy material of the pre-formed solder sheet may be any of tin-based, lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, aluminum-based solder, etc. as the alloy material.
  • Pre-formed solder pads, or pre-formed solder pads made by arbitrarily selecting at least two kinds of alloy materials and multi-layer compounding; it can also be composite pre-formed solder pads with metal or non-metal mesh or wire inside the solder, or It can be a composite pre-formed solder chip containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • the pre-formed solder sheet may be a pre-formed solder sheet that does not contain a flux, or a pre-formed solder sheet that contains a flux; the presence of the flux on the solder sheet may be surface coating,
  • the inside of the solder chip base includes (add flux to the base material and make the solder chip base together) and other methods.
  • the pre-formed welding sheet can be made into a polygonal shape (such as a square shape, a bar shape, etc.), a circular shape, an arc shape, a ring shape, or a frame shape.
  • the pre-heating stage is favorable for the reducing gas or flux to enter the portion to be welded along the gap formed by the protruding portion and / or the recessed portion, thereby more effectively reducing the welding piece and the
  • the oxide film on the soldering surface is also beneficial for the gas generated after the reduction to escape along the gap formed by the protrusions and / or depressions; during the soldering stage, the crests or protrusions of the solder pads will take precedence due to contact with the components. Melt and gradually advance to the lower part until the solder is completely melted, further promoting the gas generated during the soldering process to escape, so as to reduce the solder void rate and improve the soldering quality.
  • the effect of reducing the welding cavitation rate is sufficient, so the interval between the protrusions and / or depressions is not limited to the preferred distance value, The distance between the highest point and the lowest point on the surface of the preformed solder sheet is not limited to a preferred value.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a welding part, where A and B are objects to be welded, and C is a preformed welding sheet of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a chart of the cavitation rate of ultrasonic detection after welding.
  • the white part indicates welding cavities, and the black part indicates good welding.
  • FIG. 3 includes FIGS. 3a, 3b, and 3c, and is a schematic diagram of a preformed welding sheet including a single-sided protrusion (a raised rib).
  • 3a is a regular and uniform arrangement
  • 3b is a regular and uneven arrangement
  • 3c is an irregular and non-uniform arrangement
  • the right figures are cross-sectional views of the left figures.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a preformed solder chip including a single-sided protrusion (bump).
  • Fig. 5 includes Figs. 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d, and is a schematic view of a preformed soldering pad with concave / convex portions provided on both sides, wherein Fig. 5a is provided with convex edges on both sides and Fig. 5b is provided on both sides with homogeneous Set grooves and ridges, 5c is a set of ridges in a regular and uneven arrangement on both sides; 5d is a set of ridges in a irregular and uneven arrangement on both sides; in Figure 5a, Figure 5b, Figure 5c and Figure 5d, the right figure All are cross-sectional views of the figure on the left.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a preformed soldering pad containing double-sided protrusions (different sizes of double-sided bumps).
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a preformed welding sheet containing double-sided protrusions (the shapes of the double-sided protrusions are different), in which one side is a raised edge and the other side is a boss.
  • FIG. 8 includes FIG. 8a, FIG. 8b, FIG. 8c, FIG. 8d, and FIG. 8e, and is a preformed soldering pad including protrusions or depressions with different combinations of shapes.
  • FIG. 8a is a schematic view showing protrusions or depressions with different shapes and combinations on one side, and the protrusions or depressions are arranged regularly;
  • FIG. 8b is protrusions or depressions with combinations of different shapes on one side, and the protrusions Or the recesses are irregularly arranged;
  • FIG. 8c is a schematic diagram of the protrusions or recesses on both sides with different combinations of shapes, and the protrusions or recesses are arranged regularly;
  • FIG. 8a is a schematic view showing protrusions or depressions with different shapes and combinations on one side, and the protrusions or depressions are arranged regularly;
  • FIG. 8b is protrusions or depressions with combinations of different shapes on one side, and the protrusions Or the
  • FIG. 8d is a diagram of the two sides with different combinations of shapes
  • Figure 8e is a schematic diagram of protrusions or depressions, and the protrusions or depressions are arranged in an irregular manner
  • FIG. 8e is a diagram showing protrusions or depressions with different shapes on one side, and protrusions or depressions with the same shape on the other side, and the protrusions Or the schematic diagram of the recesses in an irregular arrangement.
  • FIG. 1 a state diagram of a welding sheet according to the present invention when it is used for welding is shown.
  • a and B are the objects to be welded
  • C is the preformed soldering pad of the present invention.
  • the gas and heat generated in this process can be eliminated along with the channel (position shown by the arrow in Fig. 1) formed by the soldering pad C and the objects to be welded A and B.
  • Sheet C is completely melted, and the gas between the welded objects A and B is almost completely eliminated, which reduces the cavitation rate of the welded product.
  • FIG. 3a, FIG. 3b and FIG. 3c are schematic diagrams (left) and cross-sectional views (right) of a preformed welding sheet containing protrusions on one side, that is, corrugations (convex ribs) on one side.
  • the preform welding in this embodiment is in the form of a sheet, the protrusions are convex edges, and the distance between the convex edges is 1 mm, which is formed by punching.
  • the convex edge has a fan-shaped cross section, and the top edge of the convex edge is the highest point on the surface of the solder pad, the bottom edge is the lowest point on the surface of the solder pad, and the distance between the highest point and the lowest point is 0.09 mm.
  • the convex edges are mutually parallel and continuously distributed on the surface of the solder pad.
  • the alloy material of the preformed solder is a lead-based solder.
  • the pre-shaped solder sheet is a pre-shaped solder sheet whose surface is coated with a flux.
  • the corrugations formed in the ribs as in 3a may also be formed by grooves or pits; they may also be formed by rolling, or they may be prepared by other machinery (such as the solder body and the protrusions, Then, it can be assembled by presetting grooves or holes, etc.) or chemically (such as chemical etching, spraying, etc.).
  • the overall shape of the solder tab can be made into square, round, arc, ring, frame, strip, etc.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the convex edge or groove may be square, rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, U-shaped, or the like.
  • the height of the protrusions and / or the depth of the depressions, and the distance between the ridges, grooves, or pits can be maintained at a fixed value. They can be regularly and uniformly arranged on the solder pads, or they can be simultaneously choose different heights of protrusions and / or depths of depressions, different spacing values (as shown in Figure 3c) and even cross (as shown in Figure 3b), irregularly and unevenly distributed on the surface of the solder pad.
  • the pre-formed solder sheet may also be made of any of tin-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, and aluminum-based solders as an alloy material.
  • the pre-shaped soldering pads can also be any two or more alloy materials of tin-based, lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, aluminum-based solders, etc.
  • a multi-layer composite pre-formed solder tab may also be made of any of tin-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, aluminum-based solders.
  • the internal structure of the pre-formed solder sheet may be a composite pre-formed solder sheet with a metal or non-metal mesh or wire attached to the interior of the solder, or may be one containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • Composite pre-formed welding lugs may be a composite pre-formed solder sheet with a metal or non-metal mesh or wire attached to the interior of the solder, or may be one containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • the solder chip may also be a pre-shaped solder chip whose surface is not coated with a flux, or a pre-shaped solder chip containing a flux inside the solder substrate.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram (left) and a cross-sectional view (right) of a preformed welding sheet containing bumps (protrusions) on one side.
  • the preformed welding sheet of the present embodiment is in the form of a sheet, the distance between the protrusions is 1.5 mm, the distance between the highest point and the lowest point on the surface of the welding sheet is 0.2 mm, and it is formed by rolling.
  • the bumps are all hemispherical, and are regularly and uniformly distributed on the surface of the solder pad.
  • the alloy material of the pre-shaped solder sheet is tin-based solder.
  • the pre-shaped solder sheet is a pre-shaped solder sheet whose surface is coated with a flux.
  • the protruding portion may also be a boss (a top surface away from the top of the solder pad body is a flat surface); the solder pad may also be stamped and formed by a punch, or other machinery (such as the solder pad body and The protrusions are prepared separately, and then assembled by presetting grooves or holes, etc.) or chemically (such as chemical etching, spray plating, etc.).
  • the overall shape of the solder pad can be made into square, circular, ring, frame, strip, etc.
  • the shape of the top surface of the boss may be a square, a rectangle, a triangle, a circle, a trapezoid, or the like.
  • the heights and / or spacings of the bumps or bosses can be maintained at a fixed value, arranged regularly and uniformly on the solder pads, and different heights and / or spacing values can also be selected at the same time, irregularly. It is unevenly distributed on the surface of the solder pad.
  • the pre-formed solder sheet may also be made of any one of lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, and aluminum-based solders as an alloy material.
  • the pre-shaped soldering pads can also be any two or more alloy materials of tin-based, lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, aluminum-based solders, etc.
  • a multi-layer composite pre-formed solder tab may also be made of any one of lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, aluminum-based solders as an alloy material.
  • the internal structure of the pre-formed solder sheet may be a composite pre-formed solder sheet with a metal or non-metal mesh or wire attached to the interior of the solder, or may be one containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • Composite pre-formed welding lugs may be a composite pre-formed solder sheet with a metal or non-metal mesh or wire attached to the interior of the solder, or may be one containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • the solder chip may also be a pre-shaped solder chip whose surface is not coated with a flux, or a pre-shaped solder chip containing a flux inside the solder substrate.
  • FIG. 5 a, FIG. 5 b, FIG. 5 c and FIG. 5 d are schematic diagrams of a pre-formed solder tab including protrusions and / or depressions on both sides.
  • Embodiment 1 Embodiment 1
  • protrusions are provided on both surfaces of the solder pad, and the shapes, sizes, and arrangements of the protrusions on the two surfaces are the same.
  • the ridges and corrugations as shown in FIG. 5a may also be formed by grooves or pits; the welding lugs may also be formed by rolling, or other machinery (such as the welding lug body) It is prepared separately from the protrusion, and then assembled by presetting grooves or holes, etc.) or chemically (such as chemical etching, spray plating, etc.).
  • the overall shape of the solder pad can be made into square, circular, ring, frame, strip, etc.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the convex edge or groove may be square, rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, U-shaped, or the like.
  • the height of the protrusions and / or the depth of the depressions, and the distance between the ridges, grooves, or pits can be maintained at a fixed value. They can be regularly and uniformly arranged on the solder pads, or they can be simultaneously choose different heights of protrusions and / or depths of depressions, different spacing values (as shown in Figure 5c) and even cross (as shown in Figure 5d), irregularly and unevenly distributed on the surface of the pad, or the entire pad All are made into a wave shape. This wave shape is formed by the grooves and convex edges being arranged alternately (see Fig. 5b).
  • the pre-formed solder sheet may also be made of any of tin-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, and aluminum-based solders as an alloy material.
  • the solder can also be any two or more alloy materials such as tin-based, lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, aluminum-based solders, etc., in any proportion.
  • Pre-formed solder tabs made from layers.
  • the internal structure of the pre-formed solder sheet may be a composite pre-formed solder sheet with a metal or non-metal mesh or wire attached to the interior of the solder, or may be one containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • Composite pre-formed welding lugs may be a composite pre-formed solder sheet with a metal or non-metal mesh or wire attached to the interior of the solder, or may be one containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • the solder chip may also be a pre-shaped solder chip whose surface is not coated with a flux, or a pre-shaped solder chip containing a flux inside the solder substrate.
  • FIG. 6 a schematic diagram (left) and a cross-sectional view (right) of a preformed solder tab including protrusions on both sides are shown.
  • FIG. 6 in this embodiment is a modification of FIG. 4 in Embodiment 2.
  • the difference is that in this embodiment, protrusions are provided on both surfaces of the solder pad, and the shapes and arrangements of the protrusions on the two surfaces are the same and the sizes are different.
  • the protruding portion may also be a boss (a top surface away from the top of the solder pad body is a flat surface); the solder pad may also be stamped and formed by a punch, or other machinery (such as the solder pad body and The protrusions are separately prepared, and then assembled by presetting grooves or holes, etc.) or chemically (such as chemical etching, spray plating, etc.).
  • the overall shape of the solder pad can be made into square, circular, ring, frame, strip, etc.
  • the shape of the top surface of the boss may be a square, a rectangle, a triangle, a circle, a trapezoid, or the like.
  • the heights and / or spacings of the bumps or bosses can be maintained at a fixed value, arranged regularly and uniformly on the solder pads, and different heights and / or spacing values can also be selected at the same time, irregularly. It is unevenly distributed on the surface of the solder pad.
  • the pre-formed solder sheet may also be made of any one of lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, and aluminum-based solders as an alloy material.
  • the solder can also be any two or more alloy materials such as tin-based, lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, aluminum-based solders, etc., in any proportion.
  • Pre-formed solder tabs made from layers.
  • the internal structure of the pre-formed solder sheet may be a composite pre-formed solder sheet with a metal or non-metal mesh or wire attached to the interior of the solder, or may be one containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • Composite pre-formed welding lugs may be a composite pre-formed solder sheet with a metal or non-metal mesh or wire attached to the interior of the solder, or may be one containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • the solder chip may also be a pre-shaped solder chip whose surface is not coated with a flux, or a pre-shaped solder chip containing a flux inside the solder substrate.
  • FIG. 7 it is a schematic diagram of a preformed welding sheet including double-sided protrusions (different shapes of the double-sided shape), wherein one side is a convex edge and one side is a bump.
  • the preformed soldering pad in this embodiment can be understood as the combination of the soldering pad surface in Embodiment 1 (FIG. 3a) and the soldering pad surface in Embodiment 2 (FIG. 4).
  • the pre-formed solder sheet is made of tin-based and copper-based alloy materials by 6: 1 multilayer composite rolling or stamping.
  • the pre-shaped solder sheet is a pre-shaped solder sheet whose surface is coated with a flux.
  • the pre-formed solder chip may also be selected from tin-based, lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, and aluminum-based solders as the alloy.
  • the preformed solder sheet made of materials can also be any two or more alloy materials such as tin-based, lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, and aluminum-based solders. , Pre-formed welding sheet made of multiple layers in any proportion.
  • the internal structure of the pre-formed solder sheet may be a composite pre-formed solder sheet with a metal or non-metal mesh or wire attached to the interior of the solder, or may be one containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • Composite pre-formed welding lugs may be a composite pre-formed solder sheet with a metal or non-metal mesh or wire attached to the interior of the solder, or may be one containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • the solder chip may also be a pre-shaped solder chip whose surface is not coated with a flux, or a pre-shaped solder chip containing a flux inside the solder substrate.
  • FIG. 8 a, FIG. 8 b, FIG. 8 c, FIG. 8 d and FIG. 8 e show that a surface of a pre-formed soldering pad contains protrusions or depressions with different combinations of shapes.
  • the preformed soldering pad of this embodiment is a sheet as a whole, and the protruding portions of different shapes are a combination of raised edges and bumps (or bosses), and are presented on one side of the soldering pad in a regular arrangement manner, which can be divided into For several small units with the same shape and arrangement (see Figure 8a), the distance between the highest point and the lowest point is 0.05mm.
  • the alloy material of the preformed solder is tin-based solder.
  • the pre-shaped solder sheet is a pre-shaped solder sheet whose surface is coated with a flux.
  • the overall shape of the solder tab can be made into square, round, arc, ring, frame, strip, etc.
  • the combination of the protrusions of different shapes as in 8a can also be replaced by a combination of depressions (pits or grooves) of different shapes, or protrusions of different shapes (convex) Edges, bumps or bosses) and depressions (pits or grooves).
  • the protrusions or depressions of different shape combinations can also be presented on one side of the solder pad in an irregular arrangement (as shown in Figure 8b); the protrusions or depressions of different shape combinations can also be regular Arranged or irregularly presented on both sides of the pad (as shown in Figures 8c and 8d); even one side contains protrusions or depressions with different combinations of shapes, and the other side contains the same shape protrusions or depressions, and the protrusions The parts or recesses are arranged irregularly (see Fig. 8e).
  • the height of the protrusions and / or the depth and size of the depressions may be maintained at a fixed value, and different heights of protrusions and / or depths and sizes of the depressions may also be selected at the same time.
  • the pre-formed solder sheet may also be made of any one of lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, and aluminum-based solders as an alloy material.
  • the pre-shaped soldering pads can also be any two or more alloy materials of tin-based, lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, aluminum-based solders, etc.
  • a multi-layer composite pre-formed solder tab may also be made of any one of lead-based, indium-based, bismuth-based, zinc-based, antimony-based, silver-based, copper-based, aluminum-based solders as an alloy material.
  • the internal structure of the pre-formed solder sheet may be a composite pre-formed solder sheet with a metal or non-metal mesh or wire attached to the interior of the solder, or may be one containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • Composite pre-formed welding lugs may be a composite pre-formed solder sheet with a metal or non-metal mesh or wire attached to the interior of the solder, or may be one containing metal or non-metal particles in the solder matrix.
  • the solder chip may also be a pre-shaped solder chip whose surface is not coated with a flux, or a pre-shaped solder chip containing a flux inside the solder substrate.
  • the grooves, pits, and protrusions are relatively speaking.
  • the places where the protrusions are not provided are grooves or pits relative to the protrusions, such as FIG. 3a, FIG. 5a, FIG. 7 and the like can be understood as a schematic view of a protrusion and a schematic view of a groove, so the drawings are not added separately here, that is, related text descriptions.
  • Test samples commercially available solder pads on both sides of which are flat, and Example 1 of the present invention includes protrusions on one side and flat solder pads on the other side.
  • Solder composition Sn63Pb37 (abbreviated as 6337)
  • Welding pad size 38.5 * 31.5 * 0.20mm (The welding pad with protrusions on one side is the same size as the weight of the flat piece, ensuring the thickness of the weld after welding is the same, and the height of the protruding part is 0.09mm).
  • the surface is coated with the same flux, and the flux content (both flat sheet and solder sheet with protrusions on one side) is 1%.
  • Soldering method Two 2mm thick oxygen-free copper plates are sandwiched with preformed soldering pads for reflow soldering.
  • Equipment for detecting cavitation rate ultrasonic detector.
  • Example 1 of the present invention There are 20 commercially available double-sided flat soldering pads and 20 soldering pads each having a protruding portion on one side of Example 1 of the present invention, and the above-mentioned welding method is used to weld the materials to be welded. Then, the ultrasonic testing instrument is used to detect the cavitation rate of the product welded by each welding piece, record it, and calculate the average value of each group. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Test samples commercially available double-sided flat solder pads and solder pads with bumps (protrusions) on both sides of Example 4 of the present invention.
  • Solder composition Sn96.5Ag3Cu0.5 (abbreviated as SAC305)
  • Welding pad size 38.5 * 31.5 * 0.25mm (The welding pad with bumps on both sides has the same dimensions as the weight of the flat pad, ensuring the thickness of the weld after welding is the same, and the bump heights on both sides are 0.07mm ).
  • the surface is coated with the same flux, and the flux content (both flat and bumps with bumps on both sides) is 2%.
  • Soldering method Two 2mm thick oxygen-free copper plates are sandwiched with preformed soldering pads for reflow soldering.
  • Equipment for detecting cavitation rate ultrasonic detector.
  • Test samples commercially available solder pads with both flat faces and solder pads with protrusions on both sides of Example 6 of the present invention (as shown in Figure 8e).
  • Welding tab size 38.5 * 31.5 * 0.15mm (The double-sided tab with protrusions as shown in Figure 8e, the same size is the same as the weight of the flat plate, to ensure that the thickness of the weld after welding is consistent, and the height of the front protrusions 0.04 mm, and the height of the back protrusion is 0.05 mm).
  • the surface was coated with the same flux, and both the flat sheet and the solder sheet with protrusions on one side had a flux content of 0.5%.
  • Soldering method Two 2mm thick oxygen-free copper plates are sandwiched with preformed soldering pads for reflow soldering.
  • Equipment for detecting cavitation rate ultrasonic detector.

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Abstract

一种预成型焊片，焊片（C）的至少一个表面上设置有多个间隔一定间距的突起部和/或间隔一定间距的凹陷部。

Description

一种预成型焊片 技术领域
本发明涉及电子器件焊接用材料技术领域，具体提供了一种预成型焊片。
背景技术
随着电子元器件日趋精密和集成化，对封装的散热和可靠性要求越来越高，而降低焊接后焊接面的空泡率是提高散热和可靠性的重中之重。如果焊接后的空泡率高，则焊点的热阻就会增大，焊点的可靠性也会不佳，抗冷热循环及耐冲击性能就会变差，焊点易出现裂纹甚至断裂，极有可能给元器件造成不可弥补的损失。
预成型焊片的焊接，目前一般是通过助焊剂还原焊接或者甲酸(或氢气)还原焊接，焊接时助焊剂或者甲酸(或氢气)自身，或者助焊剂或者甲酸(或氢气)还原被焊接面和焊料表面的氧化膜时都会产生气体，当平面的焊片封装焊接时，焊接时所产生的气体由于没有逸出的通道，被封闭在焊接面中不便逸出，甚至无法逸出，从而给降低焊接空泡率、提高焊接质量带来不少的困扰。
发明内容
鉴于此，有必要针对上述问题提供一种降低焊接空泡率、提高焊接质量的预成型焊片。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种预成型焊片，所述焊片的至少一个表面上设置有多个具有一定间隔的突起部和/或具有一定间隔的凹陷部。
进一步的，所述间隔的距离优选为：0.1-100mm。所述间隔的突起部和/或间隔的凹陷部使焊片不会在同一时间完全封闭待焊接材料表面，使预热阶段和焊接阶段产生的气体有足够时间及通道排出，故所述突起部和/或凹陷部的间隔不限于所优选的间距值，所有间距值均能实现本发明方案的功能，只是在优选值范围内综合效果最优。
进一步的，所述预成型焊片表面的最高点和最低点的距离为：0.005-5mm。所述间隔的突起部和/或间隔的凹陷部使焊片不会在同一时间完全封闭待焊接材料表面，使预热阶段和焊接阶段产生的气体有足够时间及通道排出，故所述预成型焊片表面的最高点和最低点的距离不限于所优选的值，所有距离值均能实现本发明方案的功能，只是在优选值范围内综合效果最优。
所述最高点和最低点的距离和/或所述突起部和/或凹陷部之间的间隔距离决定了气体逸出通道的的逸气量。
进一步的，所述突起部或凹陷部的数量至少为1个。
进一步的，所述突起部包括凸棱(突起部顶端呈线状，或与待焊接物的接触方式为线接触)、凸点(突起部顶端汇集成点状，或与待焊接物的接触方式为点接触)或凸台(突起部顶端为平面状，或待焊接物的接触方式为面接触)等中的至少一种。
进一步的，所述凹陷部包括凹槽(凹陷部开口于焊片表面，向焊片本体内部凹陷，凹陷的最底部为平面状或汇集成一条线，如圆柱形或截面为方形的凹陷、截面为梯形、V字形的沟壑状凹陷等)、凹坑(凹陷部开口于焊片表面，向焊片本体内部凹陷，凹陷的最底部为平 面状或汇集成一个点，如半球形、扇形、方形、梯形、圆锥形的凹陷等)等。
进一步的，所述预成型焊片每个表面设置的突起部和/或凹陷部的形状、尺寸、间隔、排列方式、突起部高度和/或凹陷部深度等可以完全相同、部分相同或完全不相同。
进一步的，当所述预成型焊片的两个表面上均设置突起部和/或凹陷部时，两个表面上的突起部和/或凹陷部的形状、尺寸、间隔、排列方式、突起部高度和/或凹陷部深度等可以完全相同、部分相同或完全不相同。比如，可以两面分别都是波纹(突起部和凹陷部结合形成)、凹凸点或凸台；也可以也可以是一面是波纹(突起部和凹陷部结合形成)，一面是凹点、凸点或凸台；也可以是一面是凹点或凸点，一面是凸台。其他具体形式的突起部和/或凹陷部任意组合也可以。
进一步的，所述预成型焊片表面的突起部或凹陷部的截面可以是正方形、长方形、梯形、三角形等多边形，也可以是U形、扇形等各种形状；所述突起部或凹陷部的尺寸对本发明预成型焊片的功能无影响，即尺寸不限；排列方式可以是规则均匀连续的，也可以是不规则不均匀不连续的。
进一步的，所述预成型焊片表面的突起部和/或凹陷部可以是冲压或轧制成型，也可用其他机械(如焊片本体与突起部分别制备，再通过预设卡槽或孔等，组装而成)或化学(如化学刻蚀、喷镀等)的方法成型。
进一步的，所述预成型焊片的合金材料可以是锡基、铅基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基焊料等其中任意一种作为合金材料制成的预成型焊片，或任意选取其中至少两种合金材料，多层复合而成的预成型焊片；也可以是焊料内部附有金属或非金属网或丝的复合预成型焊片，也可以为焊料基体内含有金属或非金属颗粒的复合预成型焊片。
进一步的，所述预成型焊片，可以是不含助焊剂的预成型焊片，也可以为含有助焊剂的预成型焊片；所述助焊剂在焊片上的存在方式可以为表面涂覆、焊片基体内部包含(即将助焊剂加入到基体材料中，一起制成焊片基体)等方式。
进一步的，所述预成型焊片可以做成多边形状(如方形、条形等)、圆形、弧形、环形、框形等形状。
本发明有益效果：
本发明的预成型焊片，在焊接时，预热阶段有利于还原性气体或助焊剂顺着突起部和/或凹陷部形成的间隙进入要焊接的部位，从而更有效的还原焊片和被焊接面的氧化膜，而且有利于还原后产生的气体顺着突起部和/或凹陷部形成的间隙逸出；焊接阶段，焊片的波峰处或者凸起处，由于与元器件接触，会优先熔化，并逐渐往低处熔化推进直至焊料全部熔化，进一步促使焊接过程产生的气体得以逸出，从而达到降低焊接空泡率、提高焊接质量的目的。预热阶段和焊接阶段，只要至少一个阶段的逸出气体的作用实现，则足以达到降低焊接空泡率的作用，故所述突起部和/或凹陷部的间隔不限于所优选的间 距值，所述预成型焊片表面的最高点和最低点的距离也不限于所优选的值。
附图说明
为方便对本发明更清晰的理解，请参考所附示意图。所附示意图不应当理解为对本发明内容的限制，但意在示例性的说明。
图1为焊接部位示意图，其中A和B为被焊接物，C为本发明的预成型焊片。
图2为焊接后的超声波检测空泡率图。其中白色部分表示焊接空泡，黑色部分表示焊接良好。
图3包含图3a、图3b和图3c，为一种预成型焊片含有单面突起部(凸起的棱)的示意图。其中3a为规则均匀排列方式；3b为规则不均匀排列方式；3c为不规则不均匀排列方式；其中图3a、图3b和图3c中，右边图形均为左边图形的截面图。
图4为一种预成型焊片含有单面突起部(凸点)的示意图。
图5包含图5a、图5b、图5c和图5d，为一种预成型焊片含有双面设置凹部/凸部的示意图，其中图5a为双面设置凸棱，图5b为双面均相间设置凹槽和凸棱，5c为双面规则不均匀排列方式设置凸棱；5d为双面不规则不均匀排列方式设置凸棱；其中图5a、图5b、图5c和图5d中，右边图形均为左边图形的截面图。
图6为一种预成型焊片含有双面突起部的示意图(双面凸点尺寸不同)。
图7为一种预成型焊片含有双面突起部的示意图(双面突起部形 状不同)，其中一面是凸起的棱，一面是凸台。
图8包含图8a、图8b、图8c、图8d和图8e，为一种预成型焊片含有不同形状组合的突起部或凹陷部。其中，图8a为单面含有不同形状组合的突起部或凹陷部，且突起部或凹陷部呈规则排列方式的示意图；图8b为单面含有不同形状组合的突起部或凹陷部，且突起部或凹陷部呈不规则排列方式的示意图；图8c为双面含有不同形状组合的突起部或凹陷部，且突起部或凹陷部呈规则排列方式的示意图；图8d为双面含有不同形状组合的突起部或凹陷部，且突起部或凹陷部呈不规则排列方式的示意图；图8e为一面含有不同形状组合的突起部或凹陷部，另一面含有相同形状的突起部或凹陷部，且突起部或凹陷部呈不规则排列方式的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了更好的说明本发明技术方案所要解决的问题、采用的技术方案和达到的有益效果，现结合具体实施方式进一步阐述。值得说明的是，本发明技术方案包含但不限于以下实施方式。
本发明实施例中未注明具体技术或条件的，按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市购等途径获得的常规产品。
参见图1，为本发明焊片用于焊接时的状态图。其中A和B为被焊接物，C为本发明的预成型焊片。焊片C融化有一个时间过程，该过程中产生的气体和热量可随着焊片C与被焊接物A和B形成的通道(如图1中箭头所示位置)向外排除，待到焊片C融化完全，被焊接 物A和B之间的气体几乎完全排除，减少了焊接产品的空泡率。
实施例1
参见图3，其中图3a、图3b和图3c为一种预成型焊片单面含有突起，即单面含有波纹(凸起的棱)的示意图(左)及其截面图(右)。
本实施例的预成型焊整体为片状，所述突起部为凸棱，所述凸棱间的间距为1mm，并由冲床冲压成型。
所述凸棱截面为扇形，所述凸棱的顶边为焊片表面的最高点，底边为焊片表面的最低点，最高点与最低点之间的距离为0.09mm。所述凸棱间相互平行、连续的分布于焊片表面。
该预成型焊片的合金材料为铅基焊料。
该预成型焊片为表面涂覆有助焊剂的预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述如3a中凸棱形成波纹也可以由凹槽或凹坑形成；也可以由轧辊轧制成型，或者也可用其他机械(如焊片本体与突起部分别制备，再通过预设卡槽或孔等，组装而成)或化学(如化学刻蚀、喷镀等)的方法成型。焊片的整体形状可以做成方形、圆形、弧形、环形、框形、条形等。
在其他一些实施例中，所述凸棱或凹槽的截面形状还可以是正方形、长方形、梯形、三角形、U形等。
在其他一些实施例中，所述突起部高度和/或凹陷部深度，凸棱、凹槽或凹坑之间的间距，可以保持一个固定的值，规则均匀的排列在焊片上，也可以同时选择不同的突起部高度和/或凹陷部深度，不同的间距值(如图3c所示)甚至交叉(如图3b所示)，不规则不均匀 的分布在焊片表面。
在其他一些实施例中，所述预成型焊片还可以选择锡基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基焊料等其中任意一种作为合金材料制成的预成型焊片，也可以是锡基、铅基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基等焊料中任意两种或两种以上合金材料，以任意比例多层复合而成的预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述预成型焊片的内部结构，可以是焊料内部附有金属或非金属网或丝的复合预成型焊片，也可以为焊料基体内含有金属或非金属颗粒的复合预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述焊片还可以为表面未涂覆有助焊剂的预成型焊片，或者是焊料基体内部含有助焊剂的预成型焊片。
实施例2
参见图4，为一种预成型焊片单面含有凸点(突起部)的示意图(左)及其截面图(右)。
本实施例的预成型焊片整体为片状，所述突起部间距为1.5mm，焊片表面最高点和最低点之间的距离为0.2mm，并用轧辊轧制成型。
所述凸点均为半球形，规则均匀的分布在焊片表面。
所述预成型焊片的合金材料为锡基焊料。
所述预成型焊片为表面涂覆有助焊剂的预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述突起部还可以为凸台(远离焊片本体的顶端为一个平面)；所述焊片也可以由冲床冲压成型，或者也可用其他机械(如焊片本体与突起部分别制备，再通过预设卡槽或孔等， 组装而成)或化学(如化学刻蚀、喷镀等)的方法成型。焊片的整体形状可以做成方形、圆形、环形、框形、条形等。
在其他一些实施例中，所述凸台顶面形状可以是正方形、长方形、三角形、圆形、梯形等。
在其他一些实施例中，所述凸点或凸台的高度和/或间距可以保持一个固定的值，规则均匀的排列在焊片上，也可以同时选择不同的高度和/或间距值，不规则不均匀的分布在焊片表面。
在其他一些实施例中，所述预成型焊片还可以选择铅基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基焊料等其中任意一种作为合金材料制成的预成型焊片，也可以是锡基、铅基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基等焊料中任意两种或两种以上合金材料，以任意比例多层复合而成的预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述预成型焊片的内部结构，可以是焊料内部附有金属或非金属网或丝的复合预成型焊片，也可以为焊料基体内含有金属或非金属颗粒的复合预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述焊片还可以为表面未涂覆有助焊剂的预成型焊片，或者是焊料基体内部含有助焊剂的预成型焊片。
实施例3
参见图5，其中图5a、图5b、图5c和图5d为一种预成型焊片双面含有突起部和/或凹陷部的示意图。
本实施例中图5a、图5c和图5d为实施例1(图3a、图3b和图3c)的变型。区别在于本实施例在焊片的两个表面均设有突起部，且 两个表面上的突起部形状、尺寸、排列方式相同。
在其他一些实施例中，所述如图5a中凸棱形成波纹的也可以由凹槽或凹坑形成；所述焊片也可以由轧辊轧制成型，或者也可用其他机械(如焊片本体与突起部分别制备，再通过预设卡槽或孔等，组装而成)或化学(如化学刻蚀、喷镀等)的方法成型。焊片的整体形状可以做成方形、圆形、环形、框形、条形等。
在其他一些实施例中，所述凸棱或凹槽的截面形状还可以是正方形、长方形、梯形、三角形、U形等。
在其他一些实施例中，所述突起部高度和/或凹陷部深度，凸棱、凹槽或凹坑之间的间距，可以保持一个固定的值，规则均匀的排列在焊片上，也可以同时选择不同的突起部高度和/或凹陷部深度，不同的间距值(如图5c所示)甚至交叉(如图5d所示)，不规则不均匀的分布在焊片表面，也可以整个焊片都做成波浪状，这种波浪形由凹槽和凸棱相间设置形成(如图5b)。
在其他一些实施例中，所述预成型焊片还可以选择锡基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基焊料等其中任意一种作为合金材料制成的焊片，也可以是锡基、铅基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基等焊料中任意两种或两种以上合金材料，以任意比例多层复合而成的预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述预成型焊片的内部结构，可以是焊料内部附有金属或非金属网或丝的复合预成型焊片，也可以为焊料基体内含有金属或非金属颗粒的复合预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述焊片还可以为表面未涂覆有助焊剂的预成型焊片，或者是焊料基体内部含有助焊剂的预成型焊片。
实施例4
参见图6，为一种预成型焊片双面含有突起部的示意图(左)及其截面图(右)。
本实施例中图6为实施例2中图4的变型。区别在于本实施例在焊片的两个表面均设有突起部，且两个表面上的突起部形状、排列方式相同，尺寸不同。
在其他一些实施例中，所述突起部还可以为凸台(远离焊片本体的顶端为一个平面)；所述焊片也可以由冲床冲压成型，或者也可用其他机械(如焊片本体与突起部分别制备，再通过预设卡槽或孔等，组装而成)或化学(如化学刻蚀、喷镀等)的方法成型。焊片的整体形状可以做成方形、圆形、环形、框形、条形等。
在其他一些实施例中，所述凸台顶面形状可以是正方形、长方形、三角形、圆形、梯形等。
在其他一些实施例中，所述凸点或凸台的高度和/或间距可以保持一个固定的值，规则均匀的排列在焊片上，也可以同时选择不同的高度和/或间距值，不规则不均匀的分布在焊片表面。
在其他一些实施例中，所述预成型焊片还可以选择铅基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基焊料等其中任意一种作为合金材料制成的焊片，也可以是锡基、铅基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基等焊料中任意两种或两种以上合金材料，以任意比 例多层复合而成的预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述预成型焊片的内部结构，可以是焊料内部附有金属或非金属网或丝的复合预成型焊片，也可以为焊料基体内含有金属或非金属颗粒的复合预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述焊片还可以为表面未涂覆有助焊剂的预成型焊片，或者是焊料基体内部含有助焊剂的预成型焊片。
实施例5
参见图7，为一种预成型焊片含有双面突起部的示意图(双面形状不同)，其中一面是凸起的棱，一面是凸点。
该实施例中的预成型焊片可以理解为实施例1中(图3a)的焊片表面和实施例2中(图4)的焊片表面的结合。
本实施例中的所述预成型焊片为锡基和铜基的合金材料按6:1多层复合轧制或冲压而成。
所述预成型焊片为表面涂覆有助焊剂的预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述预成型焊片还可以选择锡基、铅基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基焊料等其中任意一种作为合金材料制成的预成型焊片，也可以是锡基、铅基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基等焊料中任意两种或两种以上合金材料，以任意比例多层复合而成的预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述预成型焊片的内部结构，可以是焊料内部附有金属或非金属网或丝的复合预成型焊片，也可以为焊料基体内含有金属或非金属颗粒的复合预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述焊片还可以为表面未涂覆有助焊剂的预成型焊片，或者是焊料基体内部含有助焊剂的预成型焊片。
实施例6
参见图8，其中图8a、图8b、图8c、图8d和图8e，为一种预成型焊片表面含有不同形状组合的突起部或凹陷部。
本实施例的预成型焊片整体为片状，所述不同形状的突起部为凸棱和凸点(或凸台)的组合，且以规则排列方式呈现在焊片一面上，即可划分出若干个形状和排列方式相同的小单元(如图8a)，最高点与最低点之间的距离为0.05mm。
该预成型焊片的合金材料为锡基焊料。
该预成型焊片为表面涂覆有助焊剂的预成型焊片。
焊片的整体形状可以做成方形、圆形、弧形、环形、框形、条形等。
在其他一些实施例中，所述如8a中不同形状的突起部的组合，也可以换做不同形状的凹陷部(凹坑或凹槽)的组合，也可以换做不同形状的突起部(凸棱、凸点或凸台)和凹陷部(凹坑或凹槽)的组合。
在其他一些实施例中，不同形状组合的突起部或凹陷部，也可以以不规则排列方式呈现在焊片一面上(如图8b)；不同形状组合的突起部或凹陷部，也可以以规则排列方式或者不规则方式呈现在焊片两面上(如图8c和图8d)；甚至可以是一面含有不同形状组合的突起部或凹陷部，另一面含有相同形状的突起部或凹陷部，且突起部或 凹陷部呈不规则排列方式(如图8e)。
在其他一些实施例中，所述突起部高度和/或凹陷部深度和尺寸，可以保持一个固定的值，也可以同时选择不同的突起部高度和/或凹陷部深度和尺寸。
在其他一些实施例中，所述预成型焊片还可以选择铅基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基焊料等其中任意一种作为合金材料制成的预成型焊片，也可以是锡基、铅基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基等焊料中任意两种或两种以上合金材料，以任意比例多层复合而成的预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述预成型焊片的内部结构，可以是焊料内部附有金属或非金属网或丝的复合预成型焊片，也可以为焊料基体内含有金属或非金属颗粒的复合预成型焊片。
在其他一些实施例中，所述焊片还可以为表面未涂覆有助焊剂的预成型焊片，或者是焊料基体内部含有助焊剂的预成型焊片。
上述实施例1-6中，凹槽、凹坑和突起都是相对而言，有突起时，在没设置突起部的地方相对于凸起部即为凹槽或凹坑，比如图3a、图5a、图7等，既可以理解为突起的示意图，也可以理解为凹槽的示意图，故此处不再单独增加附图即相关文字说明。
实验例1 本发明预成型焊片空泡率检测试验
检测样品：市售双面均为平面的焊片和本发明实施例1的一面含有突起部，另一面为平面的焊片。
样品基本情况和实验过程：
焊料成分：Sn63Pb37(简称为6337)
焊片尺寸：38.5*31.5*0.20mm(该单面含有突起的焊片，同样的尺寸与平片的重量一致，保证焊接后焊缝的厚度一致，突起部高度为0.09mm)。
表面涂覆有相同的助焊剂，(平片和单面含有突起部的焊片)助焊剂含量均为1％。
被焊接材料：2mm厚无氧铜板，
焊接方式：两块2mm厚无氧铜板中间夹预成型焊片，进行回流焊接。
检测空泡率设备：超声波检测仪。
市售双面平面焊片和本发明实施例1的单面含有突起部的焊片各20片，分别采用上述焊接方式对上述被焊接材料进行焊接。然后采用超声波检测仪分别检测各焊片所焊接的产品的空泡率，记录，计算各组平均值。结果见表1。
表1 实施例1和比较例检测结果
Figure PCTCN2018104382-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018104382-appb-000002
从焊接空泡率数据对比，可明显看出，本发明的焊片焊接的空泡明显少于现有技术的平片。
实验例2 本发明预成型焊片空泡率检测试验
检测样品：市售双面平面焊片和本发明实施例4的双面设有凸点(突起部)焊片。
样品基本情况和实验过程：
焊料成分：Sn96.5Ag3Cu0.5(简称为SAC305)
焊片尺寸：38.5*31.5*0.25mm(该双面设有凸点的焊片，同样的尺寸与平片的重量一致，保证焊接后焊缝的厚度一致，两侧凸点高度均为0.07mm)。
表面涂覆有相同的助焊剂，(平片和双面设有凸点的焊片)助焊剂含量均为2％。
被焊接材料：2mm厚无氧铜板，
焊接方式：两块2mm厚无氧铜板中间夹预成型焊片，进行回流焊接。
检测空泡率设备：超声波检测仪。
市售双面平面焊片和本发明实施例4的双面设有凸点的焊片个20片，分别采用上述焊接方式对上述被焊接材料进行焊接。然后采用超声波检测仪分别检测各焊片所焊接的产品的空泡率，记录，计算各组平均值。结果见表2。
表2 实施例4和比较例检测结果
Figure PCTCN2018104382-appb-000003
从焊接空泡率数据对比，可明显看出，本发明的焊片焊接的空泡明显少于现有技术的平片。
实验例3 本发明预成型焊片空泡率检测试验
检测样品：市售双面均为平面的焊片和本发明实施例6的双面含 有突起部的焊片(如图8e所示)。
样品基本情况和实验过程：
焊料成分：Sn95Sb5
焊片尺寸：38.5*31.5*0.15mm(该如图8e所示的双面含有突起部的焊片，同样的尺寸与平片的重量一致，保证焊接后焊缝的厚度一致，正面突起部高度为0.04mm，背面突起部高度为0.05mm)。
表面涂覆有相同的助焊剂，(平片和单面含有突起部的焊片)助焊剂含量均为0.5％。
被焊接材料：2mm厚无氧铜板，
焊接方式：两块2mm厚无氧铜板中间夹预成型焊片，进行回流焊接。
检测空泡率设备：超声波检测仪。
市售双面平面焊片和本发明实施例6中图8e所示的双面含有突起部的焊片各20片，分别采用上述焊接方式对上述被焊接材料进行焊接。然后采用超声波检测仪分别检测各焊片所焊接的产品的空泡率，记录，计算各组平均值。结果见表3。
表3 实施例6和比较例检测结果
Figure PCTCN2018104382-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2018104382-appb-000005
从焊接空泡率数据对比，可明显看出，本发明的焊片焊接的空泡明显少于现有技术的平片。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种预成型焊片，其特征在于，所述焊片的至少一个表面上设置有多个间隔的突起部和/或间隔的凹陷部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的预成型焊片，其特征在于，所述间隔为：0.1-100mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的预成型焊片，其特征在于，所述预成型焊片表面的最高点和最低点的距离为：0.005-5mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的预成型焊片，其特征在于，所述突起部或凹陷部的数量至少为1个。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的预成型焊片，其特征在于，所述突起部包括凸棱、凸点或凸台。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的预成型焊片，其特征在于，所述凹陷部包括凹槽、凹坑。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的预成型焊片，其特征在于，所述预成型焊片是锡基、铅基、铟基、铋基、锌基、锑基、银基、铜基、铝基合金中的至少一种。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的预成型焊片，其特征在于，所述预成型焊片表面的突起部或凹陷部的截面形状为正方形、长方形、梯形、三角形、U形或扇形。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的预成型焊片，其特征在于，所述预成型焊片是焊料内部附有金属或非金属网或丝的复合预成型焊片，或者是焊料基体内含有金属或非金属颗粒的复合预成型焊片。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任意一项所述的预成型焊片，其特征在于， 所述预成型焊片整体形状为方形、圆形、弧形、环形、框形或条形。
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