WO2019214049A1 - Parent purification method, improved maize variety, and maize seed production method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to agricultural technical field. A parental purification method, improved maize variety, and maize seed production method. The maize seed production method comprises: land selection, parent purification, seeding time setting, seeding space setting, fertilization management, roguing, watering management, maternal emasculation, flowering management, harvesting, and post-harvest processing. The hybrid maize seed production technology provided by the present invention enables the purity and the germination rate of the hybrid seeds to reach more than 98% and the quality to reach the international advanced level.

Description

Method for purifying parental, corn seed, corn seed seeding method

Cross-reference to related applications

This application claims priority from Chinese Patent Application No. 201810447659.X filed on May 11, 2018, entitled "A Method for Purifying Parents, Maize Seeds, and Seed Production Methods for Maize Seeds". The entire contents are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

The present disclosure belongs to the field of agricultural technology, and in particular, to a method for purifying a parent, a corn seed, and a corn seed seeding method.

Background technique

China's corn seed production base has long been dominated by the western Liaoning region. In the mid-1990s, the area reached a maximum of 120,000 hm ² . However, due to the frequent occurrence of natural disasters and the lack of emphasis on the construction of processing bases, the investment confidence of enterprises is insufficient, the market operation is not standardized, the interest connection mechanism is not sound enough, and the farmers' ability to avoid market risks is weak. The seed production area has rapidly declined to the present. Less than 6 667hm ² . Since the beginning of the 21st century, the western region represented by Zhangye City of Gansu Province has a unique natural advantage. The quality of corn seeds produced is high, natural disasters are low, yields are high and stable, and Lizhou is gradually replaced as the main producing area of corn seed production in China. . In 2013, the corn planting area in Gansu Province totaled 100,000 hm ² , accounting for 39.3% of the total seed production area of 255,000 hm ² , and the seed production output was 580 million kg, accounting for 42.6% of the national seed production. Among them, Zhangye City produced a seed area of 68,800 hm ^{2 in} 2013, and produced a total of 450 million kg of corn seeds, accounting for 77.6% of the province's total corn seed production of 580 million kg, accounting for 37.5% of the country's total output of 1.2 billion kg. In 2013, it was named by the Ministry of Agriculture as the country's largest “national hybrid corn seed production base”. In recent years, the Xinjiang region has paid special attention to the development of the corn seed production industry and the construction of the base. In 2013, the planting area reached 66,700 hm ² , making it the second largest area for corn seed production in China. At the same time, with the rapid development of Heilongjiang early-maturing maize seed production, it has become the third largest area of China's corn seed production industry. In 2012, the seed production in the three provinces of Gansu, Xinjiang and Heilongjiang accounted for 34.5%, 23% and 26.7% of the total corn supply, respectively, and the three provinces accounted for 84.2% of the national total.

At present, sweet corn is planted using Daejeon live broadcast, and seedlings are also used for seedling planting and then planting the field. Using Daejeon live broadcast, sweet corn seeds are directly broadcast in the field, covering soil 5 ~ 6cm, the germination rate can only reach 50 ~ 60%. Therefore, it is generally only necessary to increase the seeding rate (one hole and two capsules) to carry out the seedlings and make up the seedlings to ensure a sufficient amount of sweet corn seedlings. The seedlings of the plugs are pressed into the pores of the trays, and the corn seeds are thrown into the substrate and watered. The germination rate is only about 70%.

Summary of the invention

For the purpose of the present disclosure, for example, a method for purifying a parent is provided, which adopts a three-year-one cycle preservation method to effectively prevent the purity and quality of the parent from being reduced, and also overcomes the phenomenon that the parental continuous bagging self-sufficiency is reduced.

The purpose of the present disclosure further includes providing a corn seed variety, and the corn seed hybrid seed production technology provided by the present disclosure can make the purity and the germination rate of the hybrid species reach 98% or more, and the quality reaches the international advanced level.

The object of the present disclosure also includes providing a corn seed seed production method, and the obtained corn seed purity and seed germination rate are over 98%.

To achieve at least one of the above objectives, the present disclosure is implemented as follows:

A method for purifying a parent includes: self-crossing the mixed parent in the first year, harvesting a single plant with typical traits, mixing threshing, single storage and single release; in the second year, the bagged self-administered seeds are safely isolated. The plots are propagated, and the typical plants are harvested according to the growth and development period, and the seeds of the typical plants are harvested as the original species; in the third year, the seeds are propagated in isolation and safe, and the harvested seeds are used as good seeds;

Preferably, in the second year, some seeds are taken in the experimental field for planting, and the bagging is continued to be self-crossed, and then the seeds are isolated and propagated into the original species, and the original species is expanded into a good species, which is sequentially circulated.

A fine corn variety is planted by the above-mentioned method of purification of the parent.

A method for seed production of corn seeds, comprising: selecting a ground and planting the above-mentioned corn varieties.

Preferably, the selection comprises:

The conditions of seed production area are: altitude 1 601 ~ 1 700 m; annual average temperature 7.20 ~ 7.30 ° C; ≥ 10 ° C accumulated temperature 2 650 ~ 2 800 ° C; frost-free period 120 ~ 140d; April - September sunshine hours 1 250 ~ 1 450h The temperature during the tasseling period is 18-20 °C; the temperature during the filling period is 14-16 °C; the annual precipitation is 150-200 mm; the annual evaporation is 1 800-1900 mm;

Or, the seeding zone conditions are: altitude 1 501 ~ 1 600 m; annual average temperature 7.30 ~ 7.50 ° C; ≥ 10 ° C accumulated temperature 2 800 ~ 3 100 ° C; frost-free period 140 ~ 150d; April - September sunshine hours 1 450 ~ 1 600h; the temperature during the tasseling period is 20-22 °C; the temperature during the filling period is 16-18 °C; the annual precipitation is 125-150 mm; the annual evaporation is 1900-2200 mm;

Or, the seeding zone conditions are: altitude of 1 350 ~ 1 500m; annual average temperature of 7.50 ~ 7.60 ° C; ≥ 10 ° C accumulated temperature of 3 100 ~ 3 400 ° C; frost-free period 150 ~ 160d; April - September sunshine hours 1 600 ~ 1 800h; the temperature during the tasseling period is 22~24°C; the temperature during the filling period is 18～19°C; the annual precipitation is 110～115mm; the annual evaporation is 2000～2200mm;

Preferably, the planting also includes seeding time setting: the seeds of the father and the female parent are within 3 days of the flowering period, and the male parent is planted in two phases, wherein the first parent can be planted with the female parent at the same time, 5-7 days later, Carry out the second sowing of the second parent;

The seeds of the father and mother who differ in flowering period by more than 3 days are multiplied by 1.5-2.0 according to the difference between the father and mother flowering period. The product is the number of wrong days. The father only sows one period, and the first flowering is late. The parent, after the wrong number of days, broadcast another parent.

Preferably, before sowing, the corn seed and the seed dressing agent are uniformly stirred with water, dried and then sown.

Preferably, the seed dressing agent comprises an insecticidal liquid and a sterilizing liquid, and the corn seed is soaked in the insecticidal liquid for 20-30 minutes, dried, and then sprayed with the sterilizing liquid on the surface of the dried corn seed.

Preferably, the insecticidal liquid comprises, by mass percentage, 3-7% of imidacloprid, 5-10% of carbofuran, and 83-92% of water.

Preferably, the sterilizing liquid comprises, by mass percentage, 2.5-5% of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 0.5-3% of chlorpyrifos, 20-35% of agricultural streptomycin, and 57-77% of water.

Preferably, the planting further comprises a seeding space setting: the main ratio is a ratio of the female parent to the male parent of 7:1, that is, one male parent is planted per 7 rows; the parental ratio is 2: 1, that is, plant a line of fathers in the middle of any two lines of the 7-line female parent.

Preferably, the distance between any two adjacent rows of the 7 rows of the female parent is 30-50 cm; the distance between the first male parent and the adjacent female parent is 30-50 cm; the second male parent The distance between the parent and its adjacent parent is 15-25 cm.

Preferably, the planting also includes fertilization management: fertilization management is carried out after land selection, before sowing, fertilization: 4000-6000 kg of farmyard manure, 5-7 kg of diammonium as base fertilizer; and 8-12 kg of diamine applied when covering film is covered , urea 10-15 kg as the base fertilizer;

Preferably, no fertilizer is applied to prevent burning of the seedlings.

Preferably, the planting also includes field management: de-mixing treatment: three times before the seedling, after the jointing, and before the tasseling, according to the plant type, leaf type, leaf color, leaf size, opening angle and number of tassel branches; abnormal parents The number of loose powdery plants that are removed to the male parent before loosening is not more than 0.5% of the total number of male plants;

Watering management: no watering after sowing to the jointing stage or drip irrigation only after sowing, no watering after the end of August.

Preferably, the planting also includes flowering management: applying a top dressing and a partial watering to the stunted parent; for the early developmental parent, when the 11-14 leaf is visible, the iron stalk is directly cut 6-7 cm from the main stem. 20 cm deep, cut off some permanent roots, control their growth and development; spray 5-30 ppm of gibberellin or increase production in the late stage of corn heart stage; when the female tassel has not exposed the parietal lobe, The tassels with 2-3 leaves were removed, so that the males were not seen.

Preferably, the paternal plant is cut off after the father's pollination is completed.

Preferably, the corn seed seed production method further comprises harvesting: in a region where the growth period in the north is short and the temperature in the autumn falls rapidly, when the average temperature of the day is 14 ° C, the corn is harvested at the end of the waxing stage; after harvesting: natural Air drying and drying, the thickness of the ear layer is required to be 2 layers - 3 layers, and the sun is turned over 4d-6d after drying; mechanical drying, the ear is harvested directly into the ear drying equipment for drying.

The beneficial effects of the above solution include, for example, the method for purifying the parent provided by the present disclosure, adopting a three-year-one cycle preservation method, effectively preventing the purity and quality of the parent from being reduced, and also overcoming the phenomenon that the parental continuous bagging self-sufficiency is reduced. The improved corn seed obtained by the seed purification method provided by the present invention has high purity and high germination rate, and the corn seed hybrid seed production technology further produced by the improved corn variety can achieve the purity and germination rate of the hybrid species of 98% or more. The quality has reached the international advanced level.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is a partial embodiment of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure is not intended to All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the inventive scope are the scope of the disclosure.

The purpose of the present disclosure includes providing a method for purifying a parent comprising: self-crossing a mixed parent in the first year, harvesting a single plant of a typical trait, mixing threshing, single storage and single release; and self-crossing in the second year The seeds are propagated in isolated safe plots, and the typical plants are harvested according to the growth and development period, and the seeds of the typical plants are harvested as the original species; in the third year, the seeds are propagated in isolation and safe, and the harvested seeds are used as good seeds;

Preferably, in the second year, some seeds are taken in the experimental field for planting, and the bagging is continued to be self-crossed, and then the seeds are isolated and propagated into the original species, and the original species is expanded into a good species, which is sequentially circulated.

Among them, the term "typical plant" refers to a type of plant with morphological characteristics (eg, plant height, ear length, ear shape, grain type, etc.) that are neatly consistent and genetically stable.

The term "isolated safe plot" refers to a plot that is safely isolated. Due to the breeding of self-administered seeds in the present disclosure, corn hybrid production must ensure quality (purity, germination, clarity, moisture). Under the premise of ensuring quality, try to increase the yield of corn hybrid seed production. In order to improve the quality and yield of seed production, in the whole process of hybrid seed production, it is necessary to achieve safe isolation, standard sowing, strict miscellaneous and inferior, Predict and adjust the flowering period, go to the male in time, pre-harvest and post-harvest precipitation, and store the seeds correctly after harvesting to avoid mixing. Among them, there are four types of isolation: space isolation, time isolation, barrier isolation and crop isolation.

The three-year cycle safety method is adopted to effectively prevent the purity and quality of the parents from being reduced, and also overcome the phenomenon that the parental continuous bagging self-sufficiency is reduced.

The purpose of the present disclosure includes providing a corn seed which is grown by the above-described method of parental purification. The hybrid seed production technology of corn seeds can achieve more than 98% purity and bud rate of hybrids, and the quality has reached the international advanced level.

The purpose of the present disclosure includes providing a method for seed production of corn seeds, which yields a corn seed purity and a seed germination rate of 98%.

Preferably, the selection comprises:

The conditions of seed production area are: altitude 1 601 ~ 1 700m; annual average temperature 7.20 ~ 7.30 ° C; ≥ 10 ° C accumulated temperature 2 650 ~ 2 800 ° C; frost-free period 120 ~ 140d; April - September sunshine hours 1 250 ~ 1 550h The temperature during the tasseling period is 18-20 °C; the temperature during the filling period is 14-16 °C; the annual precipitation is 150-200 mm; the annual evaporation is 1 800-1900 mm;

Or, the seeding zone conditions are: altitude 1 501 ~ 1 600 m; annual average temperature 7.30 ~ 7.50 ° C; ≥ 10 ° C accumulated temperature 2 800 ~ 3 100 ° C; frost-free period 140 ~ 150d; April - September sunshine hours 1 450 ~ 1 600h; the temperature during the tasseling period is 20-22 °C; the temperature during the filling period is 16-18 °C; the annual precipitation is 125-150 mm; the annual evaporation is 1900-2200 mm;

Or, the seeding zone conditions are: altitude of 1 350 ~ 1 500m; annual average temperature of 7.50 ~ 7.60 ° C; ≥ 10 ° C accumulated temperature of 3 100 ~ 3 400 ° C; frost-free period 150 ~ 160d; April - September sunshine hours 1 600 ~ 1 800h; the temperature during the tasseling period is 22~24°C; the temperature during the filling period is 18～19°C; the annual precipitation is 110～115mm; the annual evaporation is 2000～2200mm;

Preferably, the planting also includes a sowing time setting: the sowing time is determined by the flowering time of the male parent and the female parent. Specifically, the seeds of the father and the mother are separated by less than 3 days, and the father is planted in two phases. The first period of the father can be planted with the mother, and after 5-7 days, the second parent is carried out. Seeding alone; for example, in the examples of the present disclosure, the seeds are sown at 5, 6, and 7 days.

The seeds of the father and mother who differ in flowering period by more than 3 days are multiplied by 1.5-2.0 according to the difference between the father and mother flowering period. The product is the number of wrong days. The father only sows one period, and the first flowering is late. The parent, after the wrong number of days, broadcast another parent. For example, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of days difference between the parent and the mother is multiplied by 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0. For example, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, another parent is replayed after a number of days of error.

Before sowing, it also includes mixing the corn seed and the seed dressing with water, drying and then sowing. Seed dressing seed dressing can kill bacteria and pests in corn varieties, which is beneficial to improve the germination rate and survival rate of corn varieties.

In this embodiment, the seed dressing agent comprises an insecticidal liquid and a sterilizing liquid. The corn seed is soaked in the insecticidal liquid for 20-30 minutes, dried, and then sprayed with a sterilizing liquid on the surface of the dried corn seed. Soak the corn seed in the insecticide to kill the pests and insects, soaking for 20-30min, the pest control effect is better. At the same time, the sterilizing liquid is sprayed on the surface of the fine corn seed, and then directly sown after drying, which is good for killing. The bacteria on the surface of the fine corn and the bacteria around the soil help to improve the survival rate of the improved varieties of corn.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the insecticidal liquid includes 3-7% of imidacloprid, 5-10% of carbofuran, and 83-92% of water. The insecticide is a compound formula, which has good insecticidal effect, short soaking time, and can be easily and quickly distributed with the bubble before sowing. The sterilizing liquid includes 2.5-5% of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 0.5-3% of chlorpyrifos, 20-35% of agricultural streptomycin, and 57-77% of water by mass percentage. The phoxim emulsifiable concentrate used in this embodiment is a 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, which can be decomposed under ultraviolet light, thereby gradually decomposing to produce photolysis products after sowing, further killing pests in the soil environment around the corn cultivar and bacterial. The dosage form of agricultural streptomycin is a 15% wettable powder, which is further mixed with 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate to further enhance the sterilization effect.

Preferably, the planting further comprises a seeding space setting: the main ratio is a ratio of the female parent to the male parent of 7:1, that is, one male parent is planted per 7 rows; the parental ratio is 2: 1, that is, a line of fathers is planted in the middle of the two lines. Wherein, the main ratio is the main seeding space setting mode, and the sub-matching ratio is the auxiliary seeding space setting mode. In this embodiment, the main ratio and the sub-matching ratio are mixed and seeded.

Specifically, in this embodiment, it is indicated that one row of the first male parent is planted every seven rows of the female parent, and one second male parent is planted between the adjacent female parent of any two rows of the seven female parent. The second male parent is sporadicly planted between any two adjacent rows of female parents. The second male parent cannot affect the growth of the female parent, and the second male parent mainly plays the role of supplementary pollination. The distance between adjacent parent lines of any two rows in the 7-line female parent is 30-50 cm; the distance between the first parent and its adjacent female parent is 30-50 cm; the second parent is adjacent thereto The distance between the female parents is 15-25 cm. In other words, after the 7th line of the female parent and the 1st line of the first male parent are planted, the second male parent can be planted sporadically between the 7 rows of female parents, preferably the second male parent is planted in the adjacent two female parents. Central.

Preferably, the planting also includes fertilization management: fertilization management is carried out after land selection, before sowing, fertilization: 4000-6000 kg of farmyard manure, 5-7 kg of diammonium as base fertilizer; and 8-12 kg of diamine applied when covering film is covered Urea 10-15 kg as a base fertilizer; for example, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, a range value between any one or any of 4000 Kg, 4500 Kg, 5000 Kg, 5500 Kg, and 6000 Kg, such as in the implementation of the present disclosure. In the example, the base fertilizer diamine is applied to any one of 5 kg, 5.5 kg, 6 kg, 6.5 kg, and 7 kg, or a range value between any two. For example, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the range value between any one of 8 kg, 9 kg, 10 kg, 11 kg, and 12 kg, or any two, of the diamine is applied, for example, 10 kg of urea is applied in the embodiment of the present disclosure. a range value between any one of 11kg, 12kg, 13kg, 14kg, and 15kg or any two. Preferably, no fertilizer is applied to prevent burning of the seedlings.

Preferably, the planting also includes field management: decontamination: three times before the seedling, after the jointing, and before the tasseling, according to one or more of plant type, leaf type, leaf color, leaf size, opening angle and tassel branching number. The number of loose powdery plants that were removed from the parental plant before the loose powder to the male parent did not exceed 0.5% of the total number of the male parent;

Watering management: no watering after sowing to the jointing stage or drip irrigation only after sowing, no watering after the end of August.

Preferably, the planting also includes flowering management: applying a top dressing and a partial watering to the stunted parent; for the early developmental parent, when the 11-14 leaf is visible, the iron stalk is directly cut 6-7 cm from the main stem. 20 cm deep, cut off some permanent roots, control their growth and development; spray 5-30 ppm of gibberellin or increase production in the late stage of corn heart stage; when the female tassel has not exposed the parietal lobe, The tassels with 2-3 leaves were removed, so that the males were not seen. For example, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, 5PPm, 10PPm, 15PPm, 20PPm, 25PPm, 30PPm are sprayed on the late development of the male in the corn leaf stage, for example, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of visible leaves is 11, 12, At 13 and 14 o'clock, the iron shovel was nearly 10 cm, 12 cm, 14 cm, 16 cm, 18 cm, and 20 cm deep near the main stem 6 cm, 6.5 cm, and 7 cm.

After the father's pollination is completed, the father plant is cut off.

Preferably, the corn seed seed production method further comprises harvesting: in a region where the growth period in the north is short and the temperature in the autumn falls rapidly, when the average temperature of the day is 14 ° C, the corn is harvested at the end of the waxing stage; after harvesting: natural Air drying and drying, the thickness of the ear layer is required to be 2 layers - 3 layers, and the sun is turned over 4d-6d after drying; mechanical drying, the ear is harvested directly into the ear drying equipment for drying. For example, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the sun is turned on once after 4d, 5d, and 6d.

The method for purifying the parent of the present invention, the corn seed variety, and the corn seed seed production method are further described below in conjunction with the examples.

Example 1

In the first year of the mixed parent, the bag is selfed, and the individual plants with typical traits are harvested, mixed with threshing, and stored in a single storage; in the second year, the seeds that are self-crossed will be propagated in isolated safe plots. According to the growth and development period, the typical plants are harvested, and the seeds of the typical plants are harvested as the original species; in the third year, the seeds are propagated in isolation and safe, and the harvested seeds are used as good seeds;

Preferably, in the second year, some seeds are taken in the experimental field for planting, and the bagging is continued to be self-crossed, and then the seeds are isolated and propagated into the original species, and the original species is expanded into a good species, which is sequentially circulated.

Planting includes: land selection: altitude 1350m; annual average temperature 7.60 °C; ≥10 °C accumulated temperature 3400 °C; frost-free period 120d; April-September sunshine hours 1800h; tasseling temperature 24 °C; filling temperature 19 °C; annual precipitation The amount is 110mm; the annual evaporation is 2200mm;

The seeds of the father and the mother are separated within 3 days, and the father is divided into two types. The first period of the father can be planted with the mother, and the second period is delayed by 5 days.

The seeds of the father and the mother who differed by more than 3 days in the flowering period were multiplied by 1.5 according to the number of days between the father and the mother. The product obtained was the number of days in the wrong period. The father only planted one period, and the parents who planted the flowers earlier were broadcast. After the wrong number of days, another parent will be broadcast.

The main ratio is 7:1 for the female parent and the male parent, that is, 1 male parent is planted per 7 rows; the secondary ratio is 2:1 for the female parent and the male parent. A line of fathers is planted in the middle of two adjacent rows. Fertilization: 4000 kg of farmer's fertilizer and 5 kg of diammonium as base fertilizer; when the film is covered, 8 kg of diamine is applied, and 10 kg of urea is used as base fertilizer; no fertilizer is applied to prevent burning of seedlings. Preferably, the farmyard manure in the embodiment is a high quality farmyard manure.

Miscellaneous treatment: three times before the seedling, jointing, and tasseling, according to plant type, leaf type, leaf color, leaf size, opening angle, number of tassel branches, etc.; abnormal parental plants are removed before loose powder The number of loose powder plants to the male parent does not exceed 0.5% of the total number of male plants; after sowing, it is not watered at the jointing stage or drip irrigation only after sowing, and no water is poured after the end of August. For the developmental retardation parents, partial topdressing and partial watering were applied; for the early developmental parent, when the 11th leaf was visible, the iron stalk was nearly 10 cm deep around the main stem 6 cm, and some permanent roots were broken to control the growth and development. In the corn heart leaf stage, 5PPm of gibberellin or stimulation is applied to the late development of the male parent; when the tassel of the female parent has not yet exposed the parietal lobe, the tassel is removed with two leaves, so that the male is not seen. In the area where the growth period in the north is short and the temperature in the autumn is falling rapidly, when the average temperature is 14 °C, the corn should be harvested at the end of waxing; after harvesting: natural air drying, the thickness of the ear layer is 2 layers, and After drying for 4 days, the machine is dried for one time; after the ear is harvested, it is directly into the ear drying equipment for drying.

Example 2

In the first year of the mixed parent, the bag is selfed, and the individual plants with typical traits are harvested, mixed with threshing, and stored in a single storage; the second year, the seeds that are self-crossed by the bag are propagated in isolated safe plots. According to the growth and development period, the typical plants are harvested, and the seeds of the typical plants are harvested as the original species; in the third year, the seeds are propagated in isolation and safe, and the harvested seeds are used as good seeds;

Preferably, in the second year, some seeds are taken in the experimental field for planting, and the bagging is continued to be self-crossed, and then the seeds are isolated and propagated into the original species, and the original species is expanded into a good species, which is sequentially circulated.

The specific cultivation includes: land selection: altitude 1400m; annual average temperature 7.50°C; ≥10°C accumulated temperature 3300°C; frost-free period 130d; April-September sunshine hour 1700h; tasseling temperature 23°C; filling temperature 18°C; annual precipitation The amount is 120mm; the annual evaporation is 2100mm;

The seeds of the father and the mother are separated within 3 days, and the father is planted in two phases. Among them, the first parent can be planted with the mother, and the second parent is delayed for 5 days.

The seeds of the father and mother who differ in flowering period by more than 3 days are multiplied by 1.6 according to the number of days between the father and the mother. The product obtained is the number of days in the wrong period. The father only sows one period, and the parents who are late in flowering are broadcast first. After the wrong number of days, another parent will be broadcast.

The main ratio is 7:1 for the female parent and the male parent, that is, 1 male parent is planted per 7 rows; the secondary ratio is 2:1 for the female parent and the male parent. A line of fathers is planted in the middle of two adjacent rows. Fertilization: 4500kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 5.5kg of diammonium are used as base fertilizer; when the film is covered, 9kg of diamine is applied, and 11kg of urea is used as base fertilizer; no fertilizer is applied to prevent burning of seedlings.

Miscellaneous treatment: three times before the seedling, jointing, and tasseling, according to plant type, leaf type, leaf color, leaf size, opening angle, number of tassel branches, etc.; abnormal parental plants are removed before loose powder The number of loose powder plants to the male parent does not exceed 0.5% of the total number of male plants; after sowing, it is not watered at the jointing stage or drip irrigation only after sowing, and no water is poured after the end of August. For the parents with developmental delay, the topdressing and partial watering were applied; for the parents with early development, when the 12 leaves were visible, the iron stalk was nearly 12 cm deep and close to the main stem 6 cm, and some permanent roots were broken to control the growth and development. In the corn heart stage, 10PPm of gibberellin or stimulation is applied to the late development of the male parent; when the tassel of the female parent has not yet exposed the parietal lobe, the tassel is removed with two leaves, so that the male is not seen. In the area where the growth period in the north is short and the temperature in the autumn is falling rapidly, when the average temperature is 14 °C, the corn should be harvested at the end of waxing; after harvesting: natural air drying, the thickness of the ear layer is 2 layers, and After sun drying for 5 days, the machine is dried. After the ear is harvested, it is directly into the ear drying equipment for drying.

Example 3

In the first year of the mixed parent, the bag is selfed, and the individual plants with typical traits are harvested, mixed with threshing, and stored in a single storage; in the second year, the seeds that are self-crossed will be propagated in isolated safe plots. According to the growth and development period, the typical plants are harvested, and the seeds of the typical plants are harvested as the original species; in the third year, the seeds are propagated in isolation and safe, and the harvested seeds are used as good seeds;

Preferably, in the second year, some seeds are taken in the experimental field for planting, and the bagging is continued to be self-crossed, and then the seeds are isolated and propagated into the original species, and the original species is expanded into a good species, which is sequentially circulated.

The specific cultivation includes: land selection: altitude 1500m; annual average temperature 7.40°C; ≥10°C accumulated temperature 3200°C; frost-free period 140d; April-September sunshine time 1600h; tasseling temperature 22°C; filling temperature 17°C; annual precipitation The amount is 130mm; the annual evaporation is 2000mm;

The seeds of the father and the mother are separated within 3 days, and the father is planted in two phases. Among them, the first period of the father can be planted with the mother, and the second period is delayed by 6;

The seeds of the parent and the female parent who have a difference of more than 3 days in the flowering period are multiplied by 1.7 by the number of days of the flowering period of the father and the mother. The product obtained is the number of days in the wrong period. The father only sows one period, and the parents who are late in flowering are broadcasted first. After the wrong number of days, another parent will be broadcast.

The main ratio is 7:1 for the female parent and the male parent, that is, 1 male parent is planted per 7 rows; the secondary ratio is 2:1 for the female parent and the male parent. A line of fathers is planted in the middle of two adjacent rows. Fertilization: 5000kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 6.0kg of diammonium as base fertilizer; when the film is covered, 10kg of diamine is applied, 12kg of urea is used as base fertilizer; no fertilizer is applied to prevent burning of seedlings.

Miscellaneous treatment: three times before the seedling, jointing, and tasseling, according to plant type, leaf type, leaf color, leaf size, opening angle, number of tassel branches, etc.; abnormal parental plants are removed before loose powder The number of loose powder plants to the male parent does not exceed 0.5% of the total number of male plants; after sowing, it is not watered at the jointing stage or drip irrigation only after sowing, and no water is poured after the end of August. For the parents with developmental delay, the topdressing and partial watering were applied; for the parents with early development, when the 12 leaves were visible, the iron stalk was nearly 6.5 cm deep and nearly 14 cm deep around the main stem, and some permanent roots were broken to control the growth and development. In the corn leaf stage, 15PPm of gibberellin or stimulation is applied to the late development of the male parent; when the male tassel has not yet exposed the parietal lobe, the tassel is removed with two leaves, so that the male is not seen. In the area where the growth period in the north is short and the temperature in autumn is falling rapidly, when the average temperature is 14 °C, the corn should be harvested at the end of waxing; after harvesting: natural air drying, the thickness of the ear layer is 3 layers, and After sun drying for 5 days, the machine is dried. After the ear is harvested, it is directly into the ear drying equipment for drying.

Example 4

In the first year of the mixed parent, the bag is selfed, and the individual plants with typical traits are harvested, mixed with threshing, and stored in a single storage; in the second year, the seeds that are self-crossed will be propagated in isolated safe plots. According to the growth and development period, the typical plants are harvested, and the seeds of the typical plants are harvested as the original species; in the third year, the seeds are propagated in isolation and safe, and the harvested seeds are used as good seeds;

Preferably, in the second year, some seeds are taken in the experimental field for planting, and the bagging is continued to be self-crossed, and then the seeds are isolated and propagated into the original species, and the original species is expanded into a good species, which is sequentially circulated.

The specific cultivation includes: land selection: altitude 1600m; annual average temperature 7.50°C; ≥10°C accumulated temperature 3100°C; frost-free period 150d; April-September sunshine hours 1500h; tasseling temperature 21°C; filling temperature 16°C; annual precipitation The amount is 140mm; the annual evaporation is 1900mm;

The seeds of the father and the mother are separated by less than 3 days, and the father is planted in two phases. Among them, the first parent can be planted with the mother, and the second parent is delayed for 6 days;

The seeds of the father and the mother who differed by more than 3 days in the flowering period, multiplied by the number of days between the father and the mother, multiplied by 1.8, the product obtained is the number of wrong days, the father only sown one period, first broadcast the parents who bloom late After the wrong number of days, another parent will be broadcast.

The main ratio is 7:1 for the female parent and the male parent, that is, 1 male parent is planted per 7 rows; the secondary ratio is 2:1 for the female parent and the male parent. A line of fathers is planted in the middle of two adjacent rows. Fertilization: 5500kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 6.5kg of diammonium as base fertilizer; when the film is covered, 11kg of diamine is applied, 13kg of urea is used as base fertilizer; no fertilizer is applied to prevent burning of seedlings.

Miscellaneous treatment: three times before the seedling, jointing, and tasseling, according to plant type, leaf type, leaf color, leaf size, opening angle, number of tassel branches, etc.; abnormal parental plants are removed before loose powder The number of loose powder plants to the male parent does not exceed 0.5% of the total number of male plants; after sowing, it is not watered at the jointing stage or drip irrigation only after sowing, and no water is poured after the end of August. For the developmental retardation parents, partial topdressing and partial watering were applied; for the early developmental parent, when the 12 leaves were visible, the iron stalk was nearly 6.5 cm deep and nearly 16 cm deep around the main stem, and some permanent roots were broken to control the growth and development. In the corn heart stage, 20PPm of gibberellin or stimulation is applied to the late development of the male parent; when the male tassel has not yet exposed the parietal lobe, the tassels are removed with three leaves, so that the male is not seen. In the area where the growth period in the north is short and the temperature in autumn is falling rapidly, when the average temperature is 14 °C, the corn should be harvested at the end of waxing; after harvesting: natural air drying, the thickness of the ear layer is 3 layers, and After drying for 4 days, the machine is dried for one time; after the ear is harvested, it is directly into the ear drying equipment for drying.

Example 5

In the first year of the mixed parent, the bag is selfed, and the individual plants with typical traits are harvested, mixed with threshing, and stored in a single storage; in the second year, the seeds that are self-crossed will be propagated in isolated safe plots. According to the growth and development period, the typical plants are harvested, and the seeds of the typical plants are harvested as the original species; in the third year, the seeds are propagated in isolation and safe, and the harvested seeds are used as good seeds;

Preferably, in the second year, some seeds are taken in the experimental field for planting, and the bagging is continued to be self-crossed, and then the seeds are isolated and propagated into the original species, and the original species is expanded into a good species, which is sequentially circulated.

The specific cultivation includes: land selection: altitude 1700m; annual average temperature 7.55°C; ≥10°C accumulated temperature 3000°C; frost-free period 155d; April-September sunshine hours 1400h; tasseling temperature 20°C; filling temperature 15°C; annual precipitation The amount is 180mm; the annual evaporation is 1850mm;

The seeds of the father and the mother are separated within 3 days, and the father is planted in two phases. Among them, the first parent can be planted with the mother, and the second parent is delayed for 7 days.

The seeds of the father and mother who differ in flowering period by more than 3 days, multiplied by the number of days between the father and the mother, multiplied by 2.0, the product obtained is the number of wrong days, the father only sows one period, first broadcasts the parents who bloom late After the wrong number of days, another parent will be broadcast.

The main ratio is 7:1 for the female parent and the male parent, that is, 1 male parent is planted per 7 rows; the secondary ratio is 2:1 for the female parent and the male parent. A line of fathers is planted in the middle of two adjacent rows. Fertilization: 6,000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 7.0 kg of diammonium as the base fertilizer; when the mulch is covered, 12 kg of diamine is applied, 14 kg of urea is used as the base fertilizer; no fertilizer is applied to prevent burning of the seedlings.

Miscellaneous treatment: three times before the seedling, jointing, and tasseling, according to plant type, leaf type, leaf color, leaf size, opening angle, number of tassel branches, etc.; abnormal parental plants are removed before loose powder The number of loose powder plants to the male parent does not exceed 0.5% of the total number of male plants; after sowing, it is not watered at the jointing stage or drip irrigation only after sowing, and no water is poured after the end of August. For the parents with developmental delay, the topdressing and partial watering were applied; for the early developmental parent, when the 13 leaves were visible, the iron stalk was nearly 18 cm deep and nearly 18 cm deep around the main stem, and some permanent roots were broken to control the growth and development. In the corn leaf stage, 25PPm of gibberellin or stimulation is applied to the late development of the male parent; when the male tassel has not yet exposed the parietal lobe, the tassel is removed with 3 leaves, so that the male is not seen. In the area where the growth period in the north is short and the temperature in autumn is falling rapidly, when the average temperature is 14 °C, the corn should be harvested at the end of waxing; after harvesting: natural air drying, the thickness of the ear layer is 3 layers, and After sun drying for 6 days, the machine is dried. After the ear is harvested, it is directly into the ear drying equipment for drying.

Example 6

In the first year of the mixed parent, the bag is selfed, and the individual plants with typical traits are harvested, mixed with threshing, and stored in a single storage; in the second year, the seeds that are self-crossed will be propagated in isolated safe plots. According to the growth and development period, the typical plants are harvested, and the seeds of the typical plants are harvested as the original species; in the third year, the seeds are propagated in isolation and safe, and the harvested seeds are used as good seeds;

Preferably, in the second year, some seeds are taken in the experimental field for planting, and the bagging is continued to be self-crossed, and then the seeds are isolated and propagated into the original species, and the original species is expanded into a good species, which is sequentially circulated.

Planting includes: land selection: altitude 1800m; annual average temperature 7.60 °C; ≥10 °C accumulated temperature 2600 °C; frost-free period 160d; April-September sunshine hours 1250h; tasseling temperature 18 °C; filling temperature 14 °C; annual precipitation The amount is 200mm; the annual evaporation is 1800mm;

The seeds of the father and the mother are separated within 3 days, and the father is planted in two phases. Among them, the first parent can be planted with the mother, and the second parent is delayed for 7 days.

The seeds of the father and mother who differ in flowering period by more than 3 days, multiplied by the number of days between the father and the mother, multiplied by 2.0, the product obtained is the number of wrong days, the father only sows one period, first broadcasts the parents who bloom late After the wrong number of days, another parent will be broadcast.

The main ratio is 7:1 for the female parent and the male parent, that is, 1 male parent is planted per 7 rows; the secondary ratio is 2:1 for the female parent and the male parent. A row of parents is planted in the middle of two rows of two adjacent rows. Fertilization: 6,000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 7.0 kg of diammonium as base fertilizer; when the film is covered, 12 kg of diamine is applied, 15 kg of urea is used as base fertilizer; no fertilizer is applied to prevent burning of seedlings.

Miscellaneous treatment: three times before the seedling, jointing, and tasseling, according to plant type, leaf type, leaf color, leaf size, opening angle, number of tassel branches, etc.; abnormal parental plants are removed before loose powder The number of loose powder plants to the male parent does not exceed 0.5% of the total number of male plants; after sowing, it is not watered at the jointing stage or drip irrigation only after sowing, and no water is poured after the end of August. For the developmental retardation parents, partial topdressing and partial watering were applied; for the early developmental parent, when 14 leaves were visible, the iron stalk was nearly 20 cm deep and nearly 20 cm deep around the main stem, and some permanent roots were broken to control their growth and development. In the corn heart leaf stage, 30PPm of gibberellin or stimulating spirit was sprayed on the late development of the male parent; when the tassel of the female parent had not exposed the parietal lobe, the tassel was removed with three leaves, so that the male was not seen. In the area where the growth period in the north is short and the temperature in autumn is falling rapidly, when the average temperature is 14 °C, the corn should be harvested at the end of waxing; after harvesting: natural air drying, the thickness of the ear layer is 3 layers, and After sun drying for 6 days, the machine is dried. After the ear is harvested, it is directly into the ear drying equipment for drying.

Example 7

In the first year of the mixed parent, the bag is selfed, and the individual plants with typical traits are harvested, mixed with threshing, and stored in a single storage; in the second year, the seeds that are self-crossed will be propagated in isolated safe plots. According to the growth and development period, the typical plants are harvested, and the seeds of the typical plants are harvested as the original species; in the third year, the seeds are propagated in isolation and safe, and the harvested seeds are used as good seeds;

Preferably, in the second year, some seeds are taken in the experimental field for planting, and the bagging is continued to be self-crossed, and then the seeds are isolated and propagated into the original species, and the original species is expanded into a good species, which is sequentially circulated.

Planting includes: land selection: altitude of 1650m; annual average temperature of 7.5°C; ≥10°C accumulated temperature of 2800°C; frost-free period of 140d; April-September sunshine hours of 1500h; tasselling temperature of 24°C; filling period of temperature of 19°C; annual precipitation The amount is 200mm; the annual evaporation is 1800mm;

Seed dressing: Mix the corn seed and the seed dressing with water, and dry it for seeding. Among them, the seed dressing agent includes an insecticidal liquid and a sterilizing liquid, and the corn seed is soaked in the insecticidal liquid for 20 minutes, dried, and then sprayed with the sterilizing liquid on the surface of the dried corn seed. The insecticidal liquid includes 3% of imidacloprid, 5% of carbofuran and 92% of water by mass percentage. The sterilizing liquid includes 5% of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 3% of antivirus sputum, 35% of agricultural streptomycin, and 57% of water by mass percentage.

The seeds of the father and the mother are separated within 3 days, and the father is planted in two phases. Among them, the first period of the father can be planted with the mother, and the second period is delayed by 7 days; the father and mother are different. For seeds with more than 3 days of mismatched days, multiply the number of days between the father and the mother to multiply by 2.0, and the product obtained is the number of days in the wrong period. The father only sows one period, first broadcasts the parents who bloom late, after the number of days after the wrong period , then broadcast another parent.

One line of the first male parent is planted every 7 rows, and one line of the second male parent is planted between the adjacent females of any two rows of the seven rows of the female parent. The distance between the adjacent two parent lines in the 7-line female parent is 30 cm; the distance between the first male parent and the adjacent female parent is 30 cm; the second male parent is adjacent to the female parent The distance between them is 15cm. Fertilization: 6,000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 7.0 kg of diammonium as base fertilizer; when the film is covered, 12 kg of diamine is applied, 15 kg of urea is used as base fertilizer; no fertilizer is applied to prevent burning of seedlings.

Miscellaneous treatment: three times before the seedling, jointing, and tasseling, according to plant type, leaf type, leaf color, leaf size, opening angle, number of tassel branches, etc.; abnormal parental plants are removed before loose powder The number of loose powder plants to the male parent does not exceed 0.5% of the total number of male plants; after sowing, it is not watered at the jointing stage or drip irrigation only after sowing, and no water is poured after the end of August. For the developmental retardation parents, partial topdressing and partial watering were applied; for the early developmental parent, when 14 leaves were visible, the iron stalk was nearly 20 cm deep and nearly 20 cm deep around the main stem, and some permanent roots were broken to control their growth and development. In the corn heart leaf stage, 30PPm of gibberellin or stimulating spirit was sprayed on the late development of the male parent; when the tassel of the female parent had not exposed the parietal lobe, the tassel was removed with three leaves, so that the male was not seen. After the father's pollination is completed, the father plant is cut off. In the area where the growth period in the north is short and the temperature in autumn is falling rapidly, when the average temperature is 14 °C, the corn should be harvested at the end of waxing; after harvesting: natural air drying, the thickness of the ear layer is 3 layers, and After sun drying for 6 days, the machine is dried. After the ear is harvested, it is directly into the ear drying equipment for drying.

Example 8

In the first year of the mixed parent, the bag is selfed, and the individual plants with typical traits are harvested, mixed with threshing, and stored in a single storage; in the second year, the seeds that are self-crossed will be propagated in isolated safe plots. According to the growth and development period, the typical plants are harvested, and the seeds of the typical plants are harvested as the original species; in the third year, the seeds are propagated in isolation and safe, and the harvested seeds are used as good seeds;

Preferably, in the second year, some seeds are taken in the experimental field for planting, and the bagging is continued to be self-crossed, and then the seeds are isolated and propagated into the original species, and the original species is expanded into a good species, which is sequentially circulated.

Planting includes: land selection: altitude 1550m; annual average temperature 7.5°C; ≥10°C accumulated temperature 3100°C; frost-free period 145d; April-September sunshine time 1600h; tasseling temperature 22°C; filling temperature 17°C; annual precipitation The amount is 140mm; the annual evaporation is 1900mm;

Seed dressing: Mix the corn seed and the seed dressing with water, and dry it for seeding. Among them, the seed dressing agent comprises an insecticidal liquid and a sterilizing liquid, and the corn seed is soaked in the insecticidal liquid for 30 minutes, dried, and then sprayed with the sterilizing liquid on the surface of the dried corn seed. The insecticidal liquid includes 7% of imidacloprid, 10% of carbofuran, and 83% of water by mass percentage. The sterilizing liquid includes 2.5% of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 0.5% of chlorpyrifos, 20% of agricultural streptomycin, and 77% of water by mass percentage.

The seeds of the father and the mother are separated within 3 days, and the father is planted in two phases. Among them, the first period of the father can be planted with the mother, and the second period is delayed by 7 days; the father and mother are different. For seeds with more than 3 days of mismatched days, multiply the number of days between the father and the mother to multiply by 2.0, and the product obtained is the number of days in the wrong period. The father only sows one period, first broadcasts the parents who bloom late, after the number of days after the wrong period , then broadcast another parent.

One line of the first male parent is planted every 7 rows, and one line of the second male parent is planted between the adjacent females of any two rows of the seven rows of the female parent. The distance between the adjacent two parent lines in the 7-line female parent is 50 cm; the distance between the first male parent and the adjacent female parent is 50 cm; the second male parent is adjacent to the female parent The distance between them is 25cm. Fertilization: 6,000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 7.0 kg of diammonium are used as base fertilizer; when the mulch is covered, 12 kg of diamine is applied, 15 kg of urea is used as base fertilizer; no fertilizer is applied to prevent burning of seedlings.

Miscellaneous treatment: three times before the seedling, jointing, and tasseling, according to plant type, leaf type, leaf color, leaf size, opening angle, number of tassel branches, etc.; abnormal parental plants are removed before loose powder The number of loose powder plants to the male parent does not exceed 0.5% of the total number of male plants; after sowing, it is not watered at the jointing stage or drip irrigation only after sowing, and no water is poured after the end of August. For the developmental retardation parents, partial topdressing and partial watering were applied; for the early developmental parent, when 14 leaves were visible, the iron stalk was nearly 20 cm deep and nearly 20 cm deep around the main stem, and some permanent roots were broken to control their growth and development. In the corn heart leaf stage, 30PPm of gibberellin or stimulating spirit was sprayed on the late development of the male parent; when the tassel of the female parent had not exposed the parietal lobe, the tassel was removed with three leaves, so that the male was not seen. After the father's pollination is completed, the father plant is cut off. In the area where the growth period in the north is short and the temperature in autumn is falling rapidly, when the average temperature is 14 °C, the corn should be harvested at the end of waxing; after harvesting: natural air drying, the thickness of the ear layer is 3 layers, and After sun drying for 6 days, the machine is dried. After the ear is harvested, it is directly into the ear drying equipment for drying.

Example 9

In the first year of the mixed parent, the bag is selfed, and the individual plants with typical traits are harvested, mixed with threshing, and stored in a single storage; in the second year, the seeds that are self-crossed will be propagated in isolated safe plots. According to the growth and development period, the typical plants are harvested, and the seeds of the typical plants are harvested as the original species; in the third year, the seeds are propagated in isolation and safe, and the harvested seeds are used as good seeds;

Preferably, in the second year, some seeds are taken in the experimental field for planting, and the bagging is continued to be self-crossed, and then the seeds are isolated and propagated into the original species, and the original species is expanded into a good species, which is sequentially circulated.

Planting includes: land selection: altitude 1350m; annual average temperature 7.5°C; ≥10°C accumulated temperature 3300°C; frost-free period 158d; April-September sunshine hours 1750h; tasseling temperature 24°C; filling temperature 18°C; annual precipitation The amount is 120mm; the annual evaporation is 2200mm;

Seed dressing: Mix the corn seed and the seed dressing with water, and dry it for seeding. Among them, the seed dressing agent includes an insecticidal liquid and a sterilizing liquid, and the corn seed is soaked in the insecticidal liquid for 25 minutes, dried, and then sprayed with the sterilizing liquid on the surface of the dried corn seed. The insecticidal liquid includes 5% of imidacloprid, 8% of carbofuran and 87% of water by mass percentage. The sterilizing liquid includes 4% of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 2% of chlorpyrifos, 24% of agricultural streptomycin, and 70% of water by mass percentage.

The seeds of the father and the mother are separated within 3 days, and the father is planted in two phases. Among them, the first period of the father can be planted with the mother, and the second period is delayed by 7 days; the father and mother are different. For seeds with more than 3 days of mismatched days, multiply the number of days between the father and the mother to multiply by 2.0, and the product obtained is the number of days in the wrong period. The father only sows one period, first broadcasts the parents who bloom late, after the number of days after the wrong period , then broadcast another parent.

One line of the first male parent is planted every 7 rows, and one line of the second male parent is planted between the adjacent females of any two rows of the seven rows of the female parent. The distance between the adjacent two parent lines in the 7-line female parent is 40 cm; the distance between the first male parent and the adjacent female parent is 40 cm; the second male parent is adjacent to the female parent The distance between them is 20cm. Fertilization: 6,000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 7.0 kg of diammonium as the base fertilizer; when the mulching film covers 12 kg of diamine, 15 kg of urea is used as the base fertilizer; no fertilizer is applied to prevent burning of the seedlings.

Miscellaneous treatment: three times before the seedling, jointing, and tasseling, according to plant type, leaf type, leaf color, leaf size, opening angle, number of tassel branches, etc.; abnormal parental plants are removed before loose powder The number of loose powder plants to the male parent does not exceed 0.5% of the total number of male plants; after sowing, it is not watered at the jointing stage or drip irrigation only after sowing, and no water is poured after the end of August. For the developmental retardation parents, partial topdressing and partial watering were applied; for the early developmental parent, when 14 leaves were visible, the iron stalk was nearly 20 cm deep and nearly 20 cm deep around the main stem, and some permanent roots were broken to control their growth and development. In the corn heart leaf stage, 30PPm of gibberellin or stimulating spirit was sprayed on the late development of the male parent; when the tassel of the female parent had not exposed the parietal lobe, the tassel was removed with three leaves, so that the male was not seen. After the father's pollination is completed, the father plant is cut off. In the area where the growth period in the north is short and the temperature in autumn is falling rapidly, when the average temperature is 14 °C, the corn should be harvested at the end of waxing; after harvesting: natural air drying, the thickness of the ear layer is 3 layers, and After sun drying for 6 days, the machine is dried. After the ear is harvested, it is directly into the ear drying equipment for drying.

The following effects can be achieved by using the corn seed seeding method provided by the present disclosure:

The corn seed seeding method provided by the present disclosure can make the purity and the germination rate of the hybrids reach over 98%, and the quality reaches the international advanced level.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the disclosure, and various changes and modifications may be made to the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure should be included.

Industrial applicability

The method for purifying the parent provided by the present disclosure adopts a three-year-one cycle preservation method to effectively prevent the purity and quality of the parent from being reduced, and also overcomes the phenomenon that the parental continuous bagging self-sufficiency is reduced. The improved corn varieties obtained by the method of the parental purification provided by the present invention have high purity and high germination rate, and the purity and germination rate of the corn seeds obtained by further planting the corn varieties are all above 98%, and the quality reaches the international advanced level.

Claims (16)

1. A method for purifying a parent, comprising: self-crossing the mixed parent in the first year, harvesting a single plant with typical traits, mixing threshing, single storage and single release; in the second year, the seed of the bagged self is Isolation and safe plot propagation; strictly remove the typical plants according to the growth and development period, harvest the seeds of typical plants as the original species; continue to in the safe and secure plots in the third year, and harvest the seeds as good seeds;

   Preferably, in the second year, some seeds are taken in the experimental field for planting, and the bagging is continued to be self-crossed, and then the seeds are isolated and propagated into the original species, and the original species is expanded into a good species, which is sequentially circulated.
2. A fine corn variety characterized in that it is grown by the method of purification of the parent according to claim 1.
3. A method for seed production of corn seeds, comprising: selecting a ground and planting the improved corn varieties according to claim 2.
4. The corn seed seeding method according to claim 3, wherein the selecting comprises:

   The conditions of seed production area are: altitude: 1 601 ~ 1 700m; annual average temperature is 7.20 ~ 7.30 ° C; ≥ 10 ° C accumulated temperature 2650 ~ 2 800 ° C; frost-free period 120 ~ 140d; April - September sunshine hours 1 250 ~ 1 550h; The temperature during the tasseling period is 18-20 °C; the temperature during the filling period is 14-16 °C; the annual precipitation is 150-200 mm; the annual evaporation is 1 800-1900 mm;

   Or, the seeding zone conditions are: altitude 1 501 ~ 1 600 m; annual average temperature 7.30 ~ 7.50 ° C; ≥ 10 ° C accumulated temperature 2 800 ~ 3 100 ° C; frost-free period 140 ~ 150d; April - September sunshine hours 1 450 ~ 1 600h; the temperature during the tasseling period is 20-22 °C; the temperature during the filling period is 16-18 °C; the annual precipitation is 125-150 mm; the annual evaporation is 1900-2200 mm;

   Or, the seeding zone conditions are: altitude of 1 350 ~ 1 500m; annual average temperature of 7.50 ~ 7.60 ° C; ≥ 10 ° C accumulated temperature of 3 100 ~ 3 400 ° C; frost-free period 150 ~ 160d; April - September sunshine hours 1 600 ~ 1 800h; the temperature during the tasseling period is 22~24°C; the temperature during the filling period is 18～19°C; the annual precipitation is 110～115mm; the annual evaporation is 2000～2200mm.
5. The corn seed seed production method according to claim 3, wherein the planting comprises seeding time setting: seeds having a flowering period of less than 3 days between the parent and the female parent, and the male parent is planted in two phases, wherein the first phase The male parent can be planted with the female parent at the same time, after 5-7 days, the second seeding of the male parent is carried out separately;

   The number of days in which the father and mother are different in flowering period is more than 3 days, multiplied by 1.5-2.0 according to the difference between the parent and female flowering period, the product is the number of wrong days, the father only sows one period, and the parent who plays later is the first. After the wrong number of days, another parent will be broadcast.
6. The corn seed seed production method according to claim 5, characterized in that before the sowing, the corn seed seed and the seed dressing agent are uniformly stirred with water, dried and then sown.
7. The corn seed seed production method according to claim 6, wherein the seed dressing agent comprises an insecticidal liquid and a sterilizing liquid, and the corn seed is soaked in the insecticidal liquid for 20-30 minutes, and then dried. Then, the sterilizing liquid is sprayed on the surface of the dried corn seed after drying.
8. The corn seed seed production method according to claim 7, wherein the insecticidal liquid comprises, by mass%, imidacloprid 3-7%, carbofuran 5-10%, and water 83-92%.
9. The corn seed seed production method according to claim 7, wherein the sterilizing liquid comprises 2.5-5% of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 0.5-3% of anti-virus cockroach, and 20-35% of agricultural streptomycin. And water 57-77%.
10. The corn seed seed production method according to claim 3, wherein the planting further comprises a seeding space setting: the main ratio is a ratio of a female parent to a male parent of 7:1, that is, one row per 7 rows of the female parent. The first parent; the ratio of the parent to the parent is 2:1, that is, a second parent is planted in the parent of any two rows adjacent to the 7-line female parent.
11. The method for seed production of corn seeds according to claim 10, wherein the distance between the adjacent two parent rows in the seven rows of the female parent is 30-50 cm; the first male parent and the adjacent female parent The distance between the present is 30-50 cm; the distance between the second parent and its adjacent parent is 15-25 cm.
12. The corn seed seed production method according to claim 3, wherein the planting further comprises fertilization management: the fertilization management is carried out after the selection of the ground, before the planting, and the fertilization: the application of the farmer's fertilizer is 4000-6000 kg, and the application of the fertilizer 5-7 kg of ammonium is used as the base fertilizer; when the film is covered, 8-12 kg of diamine is applied per mu, and 10-15 kg of urea is used as the base fertilizer;

    Preferably, no fertilizer is applied to prevent burning of the seedlings.
13. The corn seed seed production method according to claim 3, wherein the planting further comprises field management: decontamination treatment: three times before the seedling, after the jointing, and before the tasseling, according to the plant type, the leaf type, the leaf color, One or more of leaf size, opening angle and number of tassel branches are removed; the number of loose powdery plants that are removed from the parental plant before the loose powder to the male parent does not exceed 0.5% of the total number of the male plants;

    Watering management: no watering after sowing to the jointing stage or drip irrigation only after sowing, no watering after the end of August.
14. The method for seed production of corn seeds according to claim 3, wherein the planting further comprises flowering management: applying a top dressing and a partial watering to the stunted parent; and developing the early parent at 11-14. When using the iron shovel near the main stem 6-7 cm straight cut 10-20 cm deep, break some permanent roots, control its growth and development; in the corn heart leaf stage, the male parent development late spray 5-30PPm of Gibberella If the tassel of the female parent has not yet exposed the parietal lobe, the tassel with 2-3 leaves will be removed, so that the male is not seen.
15. The corn seed seed production method according to claim 3, wherein the male parent plant is cut off after the male parent pollination is completed.
16. The corn seed seed production method according to claim 3, wherein the corn seed seed production method further comprises harvesting: in a region where the growth period in the north is short and the temperature in the autumn falls rapidly, when the average temperature at the day is 14 ° C, The corn is harvested at the end of waxing; after harvesting: natural air drying, the thickness of the ear layer is 2 layers - 3 layers, and it is turned over once every 4d-6d after drying; mechanical drying, the ear directly enters the ear after harvesting Drying equipment for drying.