WO2019205941A1 - 一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统及方法 Download PDF

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WO2019205941A1
WO2019205941A1 PCT/CN2019/082106 CN2019082106W WO2019205941A1 WO 2019205941 A1 WO2019205941 A1 WO 2019205941A1 CN 2019082106 W CN2019082106 W CN 2019082106W WO 2019205941 A1 WO2019205941 A1 WO 2019205941A1
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Prior art keywords
lead
ash
waste
grid
copper
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PCT/CN2019/082106
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨春明
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江苏新春兴再生资源有限责任公司
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Priority to US17/050,841 priority Critical patent/US11339456B2/en
Priority to EP19793489.6A priority patent/EP3770286A4/en
Priority to AU2019260137A priority patent/AU2019260137B2/en
Publication of WO2019205941A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205941A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001—Dry processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
    • C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
    • C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/04—Working-up slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
    • C22B9/106—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents the refining being obtained by intimately mixing the molten metal with a molten salt or slag
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of comprehensive recycling of waste lead-acid batteries, and particularly relates to a separation and melting system and method for waste lead grid in waste lead-acid battery recycling.
  • Lead-acid batteries are the most widely used and widely used batteries in the world, and they consume more than 85% of the world's total lead. China's lead-acid battery industry entered a period of vigorous development in the 1990s. With the development of the national economy, its market will continue to expand, with cars, motorcycles, electric vehicles, electricity, and communications as the main targets. In recent years, the development of smoke-free vehicles such as electric vehicles has led to a greater development of the lead-acid battery industry, and the greater the output of lead-acid batteries, the more lead-acid batteries that need to be renewed. From a point of view, lead-acid batteries are also the kind of battery that is the most harmful to the environment and human health. In the production and recycling of recycled lead, there are many sources of raw materials, and more than 90% are from waste lead-acid batteries. According to statistics, the number of waste lead-acid batteries produced in 2017 will reach 4 million tons.
  • the waste lead-acid battery consists of the following parts: 1. Waste electrolyte; 2, plate (positive plate, negative plate).
  • the positive and negative poles in the battery are made of lead alloy and the surface of the positive plate is coated with metal lead powder.
  • the surface of the negative plate is coated with lead oxide powder;
  • the battery casing is mainly made of PP, ABS and other plastics;
  • the partition is generally made of microporous rubber, PVC plastic separator and paper.
  • waste lead-acid batteries In the treatment of waste lead-acid batteries, the state promulgated the "Leading Conditions for Lead and Zinc Industry", “Clean Production Standard Lead-acid Battery Lead-Recycling Industry”, “Technical Specifications for Waste Lead-Acid Battery Treatment Pollution Control”, etc. It is necessary to perform crushing and sorting pretreatment on the waste lead-acid battery.
  • the waste lead-acid battery is broken by the automatic crushing and sorting system to produce the following four components, waste lead grid, lead mud, waste plastic and separator paper, of which the waste lead grid accounts for about 25%.
  • Such lead grids are mostly lead-based alloys containing valuable elements such as antimony and tin, which can be directly produced by low-temperature melting.
  • the water content is as high as 10% or more. Can not directly enter the melting pot to melt or otherwise lead to explosion in the feeding process, affecting safe production, in addition, excessive moisture in the smelting, vaporization of the water also takes a lot of heat, which also increases the cost of smelting.
  • the surface of the lead liquid melted during the production process will produce scum ash of lead oxide ash. Therefore, it is necessary to rely on the lead oxide which is artificially floated on the surface of the lead liquid.
  • the residue ash is removed.
  • the worker uses the iron shovel with a leak hole to remove the scum ash from the smelting pot, and the removed lead ash is put into the ash hopper.
  • the copper terminal on the pole is difficult to be separated from the lead grid.
  • the lead grid When the lead grid is smelted at low temperature, it is lightly entered into the lead ash due to the high melting point, and is manually detected in such a huge waste lead-acid battery stack.
  • the copper terminal is extremely unrealistic. If the copper terminal enters the next smelting process and is mixed into the crude lead, it not only wastes a lot of copper resources, but also brings a very high production cost to the refined lead copper.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a separation and melting system and method for waste lead grid in waste lead acid battery recovery with high degree of automation and high heat utilization rate.
  • the present invention includes a separation melting system of a waste lead grid and a separation and melting method.
  • the separation and melting system of the waste lead grid includes: a dust remover, a flue gas duct, a lead liquid mixer, a lead grid net turnover box, a lead grid net baffle, an ash pipe, an automatic ash machine, a lead ash conveyor, copper Terminal separator, lead clay tank, lead mud mixer, copper collection box, circulating water treatment device, melting device, screw feeder and drying cylinder;
  • a drying cylinder is installed at an upper end of the melting device, and a dust pipe is connected to the dust collector at an upper end of the drying cylinder, and a lead grid turnover box is connected to the upper end of the drying cylinder, and a lead liquid mixer passes through the drying cylinder to the melting device.
  • a spiral feeder is installed on the smelting device and is located in the drying cylinder.
  • the automatic ashing machine is installed in the smelting In the device, the feeding end is located in the melting device, and the discharge port is connected to the inlet of the lead ash conveyor through the ash pipe; the discharge port of the lead ash conveyor is located in the copper terminal separator, and the copper terminal separator is installed.
  • the circulating water flushing pipe on the copper terminal separator is connected to the clean water outlet end of the circulating water treatment device through a pipeline, and the sewage input end of the circulating water treatment device is connected to the lower part of the lead clay tank, in the lead clay tank A lead mud mixer is also connected to it.
  • the smelting device comprises: a pot cover, a melting furnace body, a melting pot, a siphon discharge tube and a lead-preventing valve; the melting pot is placed on the melting furnace body, the top of the melting pot has a pot cover, and the bottom of the melting pot has a siphon
  • the lead pipe is discharged, and the siphon discharge pipe is used to discharge the lead liquid through the lead discharge valve; the drying cylinder, the screw feeder and the automatic dust collector are located on the pan cover.
  • the automatic ashing machine comprises a motor, a reducer, a coupling, a cylinder, a main shaft, a spiral blade, a ash inlet, a ash outlet, a ash collection plate, a liquid leakage hole, a bottom bearing seat and a bracket wheel;
  • the front end of the cylinder body has a ash outlet, the rear end is provided with a ash inlet, a spindle is installed in the cylinder body, a spiral blade is mounted on the main shaft, the main shaft penetrates the cylinder body, and the rear end of the main shaft is connected with the bottom bearing seat, and the front end of the main shaft is connected.
  • the shaft and the coupling are connected to the motor through a reducer; and the gray plate is connected in the cylinder at the position of the ash inlet;
  • the ash collecting plate is uniformly distributed with a liquid leakage hole, and the pore size thereof is ⁇ 3-6 mm; the lead liquid is flowed back into the smelting lead pan, so that the lead liquid and the lead ash are separated;
  • a bracket wheel is connected to the bottom surface of the cylinder body, and the bracket wheel is located on the wall of the cylinder between the ash outlet and the ash inlet.
  • the bracket wheel has wheels on the bracket foot to facilitate the entire hopper on the ground. mobile.
  • the spiral feeder is located at the lower end of the lead grid mesh baffle, and the two ends are placed outside the drying cylinder, the upper part of the spiral cylinder is opened into the material inlet, and the lower part is opened.
  • the lead grid mesh baffle is an elliptical thick 10-20MM high temperature resistant steel plate, which is connected around the inner wall of the drying cylinder, and the lower end is connected with the spiral feeder, and forms an angle of 30-60° with the surface of the melting pot. Uniformly venting holes with a pore size of ⁇ 2-6mm are convenient for the transfer of waste heat and heat to preheat the lead grid.
  • the copper component terminal separator comprises: an outer cylinder body, a drum screen, a transmission pulley, an ash inlet, a lead ash conveyor, a support wheel, a support bracket, a circulating water washing pipe, a material deflector, and a discharge port.
  • a copper screen is connected to one end of the support rail, and the end of the copper screen is a copper outlet;
  • a drive pulley is connected to one side of the feed runner rail, and the drive pulley is connected to the motor through the belt;
  • the ash conveyor passes through the inlet ring of the feed ring and enters into the drum screen.
  • the outer cylinder has a lead-glued water outlet at the bottom of the outer cylinder, and a circulating water is connected to the outer cylinder The pipe is washed, and the circulating water is flushed to the rotating drum screen to spray and drain the circulating water.
  • the water circulation treatment device comprises: a clear water output pipe, a filter water return pipe, a clean water pump, a lead mud pump, a circulating pool, a filter press and a lead mud input pipe; the water inlet end of the clean water pump is connected with the circulating pool, and the clean water pump is The outlet end is connected with the circulating water inlet pipe, and a filter press is arranged above the circulating pool, and the output end of the filter press is connected to the circulating pool through the pressure filtration water return pipe; the input end of the filter press passes through the output end of the pipeline and the lead mud pump Connected, the lead mud pump input is connected to the lower part of the lead clay tank.
  • the separation and melting method comprises the following steps:
  • Step (1) crushing and sorting the waste lead-acid battery, and loading the sorted lead grid into the tote;
  • Step (2) using the high temperature flue gas of the smelting pot to dry and preheat the waste lead grid, controlling the water to be below 2%, and adding to the smelting pot for low temperature melting;
  • Step (3) using an automatic ash ash machine to separate the molten lead liquid from the scum ash, and transporting the lead scum ash to the copper component terminal separator;
  • Step (4) the separator is turned on, and the lead dross ash containing the copper component terminal is sprayed by the high-pressure circulating water, and the lead-acid ash adhered to the copper component terminal is washed away, and further moved forward by the material deflector. And discharging from the copper piece discharge port of the copper wire mesh to complete the separation of the copper component terminal and the lead ash;
  • step (5) the purified lead liquid is sent to the heat-insulating lead package through the lead-discharge tube and sent to the next step to prepare the alloy.
  • the beneficial effect is that, due to the above scheme, the waste lead grid of the waste lead-acid battery crushing and sorting is loaded into the turnover box, and the moisture content of the lead grid is generally greater than 10%, and it is not suitable to directly enter the melting pot. Open the movable bottom plate at the bottom of the totes, the wet waste lead grid drops onto the lead grid barrier, the high temperature flue gas from the lead pan is preheated and dried by the lead grid, and the dried lead grid is in its own gravity. Under the action, it slides down the slope to the feeding end of the screw feeder at the bottom of the baffle plate, and starts the screw feeder to transport the lead grid to the molten lead pan. The feeding speed can be controlled according to the feeding condition to ensure the cutting. Uniformity is not blocked.
  • the waste lead grid After the waste lead grid is dried by residual heat, it enters the melting pot and melts at a low temperature. The temperature is controlled at 350-450 ° C.
  • the impurities such as lead oxide attached to the surface of the lead grid and the copper terminal mixed therein are floating on the surface of the lead liquid due to the specific gravity.
  • the mixer of the smelting pot After the lead liquid level reaches a certain height, the mixer of the smelting pot is turned on, and an appropriate amount of slag removing agent is added to further separate the lead in the slag from the ash.
  • the automatic ash feeder 7 is put into the ash port of the mixer in the mixing shaft of the mixer, and the ash plane in the ashing machine and the pan is generally less than 45°, and the ash collecting device is opened. And the mixer, the ash is transferred into the ash device through the ash inlet through the ash collecting plate under the action of the stirring shaft rotation, and the spiral blade slowly transports the ash slag through the ash pipe to the lead ash conveyor to enter the copper terminal.
  • the lead ash containing the copper terminal is under the action of the material deflector, the lead plaster slowly moves to the front end of the rotary screen, and the high-pressure water spray of the circulating water rinse pipe is used to carry out the lead oxide ash.
  • Flushing and rinsing off the lead oxide ash attached to the copper terminal, and the copper terminal on the rotating screen mesh is further moved forward by the material deflector, rinsed by the circulating water to the copper screen, and It is discharged from the copper outlet of the copper wire mesh and enters the copper collection box to complete the separation of the copper terminal and the lead ash; the flushing lime water flows through the rotary screen through the lead-glued water outlet into the lead-clay tank.
  • the lead liquid in the molten lead pan is discharged from the lead pipe of the molten lead pan by a siphon discharge pipe and a lead valve to be used in a lead bag for use.
  • the flue gas in the production process is introduced into the dust collector through the flue gas duct for dust removal and purification treatment, and the exhaust gas reaching the standard is caused by the fan to cause the chimney to discharge.
  • the melting temperature is low, effectively retaining valuable metals such as antimony and tin in the lead grid, which reduces the production cost of the prepared alloy and saves resources;
  • the whole device is operated under the negative pressure state, and the flue gas is pumped into the dust collector by the induced draft fan to purify and discharge the standard to protect the environment.
  • the device has a simple structure, stable and continuous production process, high degree of automation, high heat utilization rate and energy saving.
  • Figure 1 is a structural view of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a structural view of the automatic ashing machine of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a structural view of a copper component terminal separator of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a side elevational view of Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is a structural view of a melting apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a structural view of a water circulation treatment apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a structural view of the screw feeder of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a structural view of a lead grid barrier plate of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 The separation and melting system of the waste lead grid includes: a dust remover 1, a flue gas duct 2, a lead liquid mixer 3, a lead grid net turnover box 4, a lead grid net baffle 5, a ash pipe 6, and an automatic Ash hopper 7, lead ash conveyor 8, copper terminal separator 9, lead clay tank 10, lead mud mixer 11, copper collection box 12, circulating water treatment device 13, smelting device 14, spiral feeder 15 and Drying cylinder 16;
  • a drying cylinder 16 is attached to the upper end of the melting device 14, and is connected to the dust collector 1 through the flue gas duct 2 at the upper end of the drying cylinder 16, and a lead grid turnover box 4 is connected to the upper end of the drying cylinder 16, and a lead liquid mixer 3 is provided.
  • a screw feeder 15 is mounted on the melting device 14 and located in the drying cylinder 16, and a lead grid barrier baffle 5 is placed on the screw feeder 15 at one end, and the other end Laying on the inner wall of the drying cylinder 16;
  • the automatic ashing machine 7 is installed on the smelting device 14, the feeding end is located in the smelting device 14, and the discharging port is connected to the inlet of the lead ash conveyor 8 through the ash discharging pipe 6;
  • the discharge port of the lead ash conveyor 8 is located at the copper terminal separator 9, the copper terminal separator 9 is mounted on the lead clay tank 10; the circulating water rinsing pipe 9-8 on the copper terminal separator 9 is piped and circulated
  • the fresh water outlet end of the water treatment device 13 is connected, and the sewage input end of the circulating water treatment device 13 is connected to the lower portion of the lead-clay tank 10, and a lead-mixer 11 is connected to the lead-clay tank 10.
  • the smelting device 14 includes: a pot cover 14-1, a smelting furnace body 14-2, a smelting pot 14-3, a siphon discharge tube 14-4, and a lead discharge valve 14-5; the smelting pot 14-3 is placed in the smelting On the furnace body 14-2, the top of the melting pot 14-3 has a pot cover 14-1, at the bottom of the melting pot 14-3 there is a siphon discharge tube 14-4, and the siphon discharge tube 14-4 passes through the lead valve 14 -5 outputs lead liquid; the drying cylinder 16, the screw feeder 15 and the automatic hopper 7 are located on the pan 14-1.
  • the automatic ashing machine comprises a motor 7-1, a speed reducer 7-2, a coupling 7-3, a cylinder 7-4, a spindle 7-5, a spiral blade 7-6, a ash inlet 7-7,
  • the front end of the cylinder 7-4 has a ash outlet 7 -8, the rear end is provided with a ash inlet 7-7, the barrel 7-4 is equipped with a spindle 7-5, the main shaft 7-5 is mounted with a spiral blade 7-6, and the main shaft 7-5 is inserted through the cylinder 7-4
  • the rear end of the main shaft is connected to the bottom bearing housing 7-11, the front end of the main shaft 7-5 is connected to the coupling 7-3, and the coupling 7-3 is connected to the motor 7-1 through the speed reducer 7-2;
  • a ash collecting plate 7-9 is connected to the barrel 7-4 at the
  • the ash collecting plate 7-9 is uniformly distributed with a liquid leakage hole 7-10, and the pore size thereof is ⁇ 3-6 mm; the lead liquid is flowed back into the smelting lead pan, so that the lead liquid and the lead ash are separated;
  • a bracket wheel 7-12 is connected to the bottom surface of the cylinder 7-4, and the bracket wheel 7-12 is located on the wall of the cylinder 7-4 between the ash outlet 7-8 and the ash inlet 7-7. There are wheels on the legs of the walking wheels 7-12 to facilitate the movement of the entire hopper on the ground.
  • the spiral hopper 15 is located at the lower end of the lead grid barrier baffle 5, and the two ends are placed outside the drying cylinder 16, the upper part of the spiral cylinder is opened into the material inlet, and the lower part is opened.
  • the lead grid barrier baffle 5 is an elliptical thick 10-20MM high temperature resistant steel plate, which is connected around the inner wall of the drying cylinder 16 at the lower end, and is connected to the spiral hopper 7 at the lower end, and is clipped to the smelting pot surface by 30-60°.
  • the horn has a venting hole with a diameter of ⁇ 2-6mm, which is convenient for the transfer of residual heat of the flue gas to preheat the lead grid.
  • the copper terminal separator 9 comprises: an outer cylinder 9-1, a drum screen 9-2, a transmission pulley 9-3, a ash inlet 9-4, a lead ash conveyor 9-5, and a carrier 9- 6.
  • the water circulation treatment device includes: a clean water output pipe 13-1, a filter water return pipe 13-2, a clean water pump 13-3, a lead mud pump 13-4, a circulating water tank 13-5, a filter press 13-6, and Lead slurry input pipe 13-7; the water inlet end of the clean water pump 13-3 is connected to the circulating water tank 13-5, and the water outlet end of the clean water pump 13-3 is connected with the circulating water inlet pipe 13-1, above the circulating water tank 13-5 There is a filter press 13-6, the output end of the filter press 13-6 is connected to the circulating water tank 13-5 through the pressurizing water return pipe 13-2; the input end of the filter press 13-6 is passed through the pipeline and the lead mud pump 13- The output of the lead mud pump 13-4 is connected to the lower end of the lead clay tank 10.
  • the separation and melting method comprises the following steps:
  • Step (1) crushing and sorting the waste lead-acid battery, and loading the sorted lead grid into the tote;
  • Step (2) using the high temperature flue gas of the smelting pot to dry and preheat the waste lead grid, controlling the water to be below 2%, and adding to the smelting pot for low temperature melting;
  • Step (3) using an automatic ash ash machine to separate the molten lead liquid from the scum ash, and transporting the lead scum ash to the copper component terminal separator;
  • Step (4) the separator is turned on, and the lead dross ash containing the copper component terminal is sprayed by the high-pressure circulating water, and the lead-acid ash adhered to the copper component terminal is washed away, and further moved forward by the material deflector. And discharging from the copper piece discharge port of the copper wire mesh to complete the separation of the copper component terminal and the lead ash;
  • step (5) the purified lead liquid is sent to the heat-insulating lead package through the lead-discharge tube and sent to the next step to prepare the alloy.

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Abstract

一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统及方法，属于废铅酸蓄电池综合回收领域。在熔炼装置（14）的上端安装有干燥筒（16），在干燥筒（16）的上端通过烟气导管（2）与除尘器（1）连接，在干燥筒的上端还连接有铅栅网周转箱（4），有铅液搅拌机（11）穿过干燥筒（16）至熔炼装置（14）内；在熔炼装置（14）上安装有螺旋下料器（15）并位于干燥筒（16）内，有铅栅网隔挡板（5）一端搭在螺旋下料器（15）上，另一端搭在干燥筒（16）的内壁上；自动捞灰机（7）安装在熔炼装置（14）上，入料端位于熔炼装置（14）内，出料口通过出灰管（6）与铅灰输送器（8）的入料口连接；铜件端子分离器（9）上的循环水冲洗管（9-8）通过管道与循环水处理装置（13）的清水出水端连接，在铅泥罐（10）上还连接有铅泥搅拌机（3）。

Description

一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及废铅酸蓄电池综合回收领域，具体涉及一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统及方法。
背景技术
铅酸蓄电池是世界上各类电池中产量最大、用途最广的一种电池，它所消耗的铅占全球总耗铅量的85％以上。我国铅酸蓄电池工业20世纪90年代进入蓬勃发展时期，随着国民经济的发展，其市场将不断扩大，以汽车、摩托车、电动车、电力、通讯为主要对象。近年来，电动汽车等无烟交通工具的开发，使铅蓄电池行业有了更大的发展，而铅酸蓄电池产量越大，需要报废更新的铅酸蓄电池就会越多。从角度来看，铅酸蓄电池也是对环境和人体健康危害最大的一种电池。在再生铅生产和回收利用方面，原料来源较多，90％以上来自废铅酸蓄电池。据统计，2017年产生的废铅酸蓄电池数量将达到400万吨。
废铅酸蓄电池由以下几部分组成：1，废电解液；2，极板(正极板、负极板)，电池中的正负两极由铅合金制成格栅，正极板表面涂有金属铅粉，负极板表面涂有氧化铅粉；3，蓄电池外壳，主要由PP、ABS等塑料制成槽体；4，隔板，一般是以微孔橡胶、PVC塑料隔板、纸片为主。
在处理废铅酸蓄电池方面，国家颁布了《铅锌行业准入条件》、《清洁生产标准废铅酸蓄电池铅回收业》、《废铅酸蓄电池处理污染控制技术规范》等法规，严格要求企业必需对废铅酸蓄电池进行破碎分选预处理。废铅酸蓄电池经自动破碎分选系统破碎后产生以下四种组分，废铅栅网、铅泥、废塑料和隔板纸，其中废铅栅网占25％左右。这种铅栅网多为铅基合金，含有锑、锡等有价元素，可低温熔化直接生产铅基合金。因废铅栅网表面常附着少量的铅氧化物等杂质，其含水量高达10％以上。不能直接进入熔炼锅熔化否则易导致在加料过程中发生爆炸，影响安全生产，此外，残留过多的水分在熔炼时，汽化其中的水分也要带走大量热，从而也加大了冶炼成本。
因废铅栅网表面常附着少量的铅氧化物等杂质，在生产过程中熔融的铅液表面会产生氧化铅渣灰的浮渣灰，因此需要依靠要人工将浮在铅液表面的氧化铅渣灰捞出，目前是工人采用带漏孔的铁锨将浮渣灰从熔炼锅中捞出，捞出的氧化铅渣灰放进灰斗中。采用人工方式作业，工人必须在高温环境下作业，捞氧化铅渣灰时劳动强度大，工作效率低，安全性低，捞氧化铅渣灰时易产生扬尘，且捞氧化铅渣灰不干净彻底，同时由于铅液易产生铅蒸汽，捞氧化铅渣灰的工人将这种有毒气体吸进体内，易铅中毒，严重损害工人的身体健康。
同时极柱上的铜件端子与铅栅网混在一起很难分离，在低温熔炼铅栅网时因熔点高比重轻进入铅灰渣中，在如此巨大的废铅酸蓄电池堆中通过人工检出铜件端子极不现实，如果铜件端子进入到下一道冶炼工序混入到粗铅中，不仅浪费大量的铜资源，还会给精炼铅除铜带来极高的生产成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要提供一种自动化程度高，热利用率高的废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统及方法。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：本发明包括废铅栅网的分离熔化系统及分离熔化方法。
该废铅栅网的分离熔化系统包括：除尘器、烟气导管、铅液搅拌机、铅栅网周转箱、铅栅网隔挡板、出灰管、自动捞灰机、铅灰输送器、铜件端子分离器、铅泥罐、铅泥搅拌机、铜件收集箱、循环水处理装置、熔炼装置、螺旋下料器和干燥筒；
在熔炼装置的上端安装有干燥筒，在干燥筒的上端通过烟气导管与除尘器连接，在干燥筒的上端还连接有铅栅网周转箱，有铅液搅拌机穿过干燥筒至熔炼装置内；在熔炼装置上安装有螺旋下料器并位于干燥筒内，有铅栅网隔挡板一端搭在螺旋下料器上，另一端搭在干燥筒的内壁上；自动捞灰机安装在熔炼装置上，入料端位于熔炼装置内，出料口通过出灰管与铅灰输送器的入料口连接；铅灰输送器的出料口位于铜件端子分离器，铜件端子分离器安装在铅泥罐上；铜件端子分离器上的循环水冲洗管通过管道与循环水处理装置的清水出水端连接，循环水处理装置的污水输入端连接在铅泥罐的下部，在铅泥罐上还连接有铅泥搅拌机。
所述的熔炼装置包括：锅罩、熔炼炉体、熔炼锅、虹吸放铅管和放铅阀；熔炼锅安放在熔炼炉体上，熔炼锅的顶部有锅罩，在熔炼锅的底部有虹吸放铅管，虹吸放铅管通过放铅阀输出铅液；所述的干燥筒、螺旋下料器和自动捞灰机位于锅罩上。
所述的自动捞灰机包括电机、减速机、联轴器、筒体、主轴、螺旋叶片、进灰口、出灰口、集灰板、漏液孔、底部轴承座和支架走轮；所述的筒体前端开有出灰口、后端开有进灰口，筒体内安装有主轴，主轴上安装有螺旋叶片，主轴贯穿筒体，主轴的后端连接底部轴承座，主轴前端连接联轴器，联轴器通过减速机与电机连接；在进灰口位置的筒体内连接有集灰板；
所述集灰板上匀布有漏液孔，其孔径大小为ф3-6mm；便于铅液流回熔炼铅锅中，从而铅液与铅灰分离干净；
在筒体的底面上连接有支架走轮，支架走轮位于出灰口和进灰口之间的筒体壁上，支架走轮的支架脚上有车轮，以方便整个捞灰机在地面上移动。
所述的螺旋下料器位于铅栅网隔挡板下端，两端置于干燥筒外部，螺旋筒体上部开进料口，下部开下料口。
所述的铅栅网隔挡板为椭圆状厚10-20MM耐高温钢板，四周连接在干燥筒内壁上，下端与螺旋下料器相连，与熔炼锅面成30-60°的夹角，上面均布孔径大小为ф2-6mm的透气孔，便于烟气余热的传递预热废铅栅网。
所述的铜件端子分离器包括：外筒体、转筒筛、传动皮带轮、进灰口、铅灰输送器、托轮、托轮支架、循环水冲洗管、物料导流板、出料口托轮跑道、铜件筛网、铅灰泥水出口、铜件出料口、进料口托轮跑道、电动机；在转筒筛的两端均连接有托轮跑道，分别为出料口托轮跑道和进料口托轮跑道，所述的托轮跑道为空心环并与转筒筛内相通，在托轮跑道上有对应的托轮，托轮安装在托轮支架上；在出料口托轮跑道一端连接有铜件筛网，铜件筛网的 端部为铜件出料口；在进料口托轮跑道的一侧连接有传动皮带轮，传动皮带轮通过皮带与电动机连接；有铅灰输送器穿过进料口托轮跑道环，进入至转筒筛内，在铅灰输送器的另一端有进灰口；在转筒筛内壁有物料导流板；在转筒筛外有外筒体，在外筒体的底部有铅灰泥水出口，在外筒体上连接有循环水冲洗管，循环水冲洗管向转动的转筒筛喷、淋循环水。
所述的水循环处理装置包括：清水输出管、压滤水回流管、清水泵、铅泥泵、循环水池、压滤机和铅泥浆输入管；清水泵的入水端与循环水池连接，清水泵的出水端与循环水进水管连接，在循环水池的上方有压滤机，压滤机输出端通过压滤水回流管与循环水池连接；压滤机的输入端通过管道与铅泥泵的输出端连接，铅泥泵输入端连接在铅泥罐的下部。
分离熔化方法包括如下步骤：
步骤(1)，对废铅酸蓄电池进行破碎分选，将分选出的铅栅网装入周转箱备用；
步骤(2)，利用熔炼锅的高温烟气对废铅栅网进行干燥预热，控制其水分在2％以下，加入熔炼锅内进行低温熔化；
步骤(3)，采用自动捞灰机捞灰将熔化后的铅液与浮渣灰进行分离，将铅浮渣灰输送到铜件端子分离器；
步骤(4)，开启分离器，含铜件端子的铅浮渣灰经高压循环水喷淋，将附着在铜件端子上氧化铅灰冲洗掉，在物料导流板的作用下进一步向前移动，并从铜件筛网的铜件出料口排出，完成铜件端子与铅灰的分离；
步骤(5)，净化后的铅液通过放铅管放铅阀流入保温铅包送到下一步工序配制合金。
有益效果，由于采用了上述方案，废铅酸蓄电池破碎分选出的废铅栅网装入周转箱，铅栅网含水份一般大于10％，不宜直接进入熔炼锅。开启周转箱底部的活动底板，潮湿的废铅栅网下落到铅栅网隔挡板上，来自熔铅锅的高温烟气对铅栅网进行预热干燥，干燥后的铅栅网在自身重力的作用下沿斜坡下滑到隔挡板底部的螺旋下料器进料口，开动螺旋下料器将铅栅网输送到熔铅锅中，可根据加料的情况控制进料速度，保证下料的均匀性不至于堵塞。废铅栅网经余热干燥后进入熔炼锅低温熔化，温度控制在350-450℃，附着在铅栅网上面的氧化铅等杂质及混在其中的铜件端子因比重轻漂浮在铅液表面，当铅液面达到一定的高度后，开启熔炼锅的搅拌机，加入适量的除渣剂使渣中铅进一步与渣灰分离。当熔铅锅中的氧化铅渣灰需要捞取时，将自动捞灰机7进灰口放入锅中搅拌机搅拌轴处，捞灰机与锅中的灰平面一般小于45°，开启捞灰装置和搅拌机，灰渣在搅拌轴旋转的作用下经集灰板通过进灰口进入捞灰装置，螺旋叶片将灰渣顺筒体慢慢输送经出灰管至铅灰输送器进入铜件端子分离器；开启分离器，含铜件端子的铅灰在物料导流板的作用下，铅灰泥缓慢地向转筒筛前端移动，经循环水冲洗管的高压水喷淋，对氧化铅灰进行冲洗，并将附着在铜件端子上氧化铅灰冲洗掉，转筒筛网网上的铜件端子在物料导流板的作用下进一步向前移动，被循环水冲洗干净流向铜件筛网，并从铜件筛网的铜件出料口排出，进入在铜件收集箱中，完成铜件端子与铅灰的分离；冲洗灰泥水穿过转筒筛网经铅灰泥水出口流入铅泥罐，通过搅拌机搅拌形成铅泥悬浮液，经铅泥泵泵入压滤机，铅泥脱水成水份小于10％的滤饼，压滤水流入循环水池循环使用。
熔铅锅中的铅液由熔铅锅的虹吸放铅管、放铅阀流到铅包里备用。生产过程中的烟气通过烟气导管导入除尘器进行除尘净化处理，达标尾气由风机引致烟囱排放。
1、充分利用熔铅锅散发的高温烟气对铅栅网进行干燥，保证入锅物料的水分低于 3％，有效的解决了铅栅网水分大向熔铅锅中加料时导致加料爆炸的问题，保证了安全生产，提高操作安全性能，实现了余热的综合利用，节能效果极好；
2、熔化温度低，有效地保留了铅栅网中的锑、锡等有价金属，降低了配制合金的生产成本，节约资源；
3、可实现连续进料，自动捞灰，连续放铅，自动化程度高；
4、有效地从铅灰中分离出铜件端子，并实现对废铅酸蓄电池上铜件端子的高效回收；节约了铜资源，提高了再生铅的纯度，生产过程中采用水作为分选介质，水循环使用，无飞尘，零排放，完全。
5、整个装置负压状态下操作，烟气通过引风机抽入除尘器净化处理达标排放，保护了环境。
优点：该装置结构简单，生产过程稳定连续，自动化程度高，热利用率高，节能、。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构图。
图2为本发明的自动捞灰机结构图。
图3为本发明的铜件端子分离器结构图。
图4为图3的侧视结构图。
图5为本发明的熔炼装置结构图。
图6为本发明的水循环处理装置结构图。
图7为本发明的螺旋下料器结构图。
图8为本发明的铅栅网隔档板的结构图。
图中，1、除尘器；2、烟气导管；3、铅液搅拌机；4、铅栅网周转箱；5、铅栅网隔挡板；6、出灰管；7、自动捞灰机；8、铅灰输送器；9、铜件端子分离器；10、铅泥罐；11、铅泥搅拌机；12、铜件收集箱；13、循环水处理装置；14、熔炼装置；15、螺旋下料器；16、干燥筒；7-1、电机；7-2、减速机；7-3、联轴器；7-4、筒体；7-5、主轴；7-6、螺旋叶片；7-7、进灰口；7-8、出灰口；7-9、集灰板；7-10、漏液孔；7-11、底部轴承座；7-12、支架走轮；9-1、外筒体；9-2、转筒筛；9-3、传动皮带轮；9-4、进灰口；9-5、铅灰输送器；9-6、托轮；9-7、托轮支架；9-8、循环水冲洗管；9-9、物料导流板；9-10、出料口托轮跑道；9-11、铜件筛网；9-12、铅灰泥水出口；9-13、铜件出料口；9-14、进料口托轮跑道；9-15、电动机；14-1、锅罩；14-2、熔炼炉体；14-3、熔炼锅；14-4、虹吸放铅管；14-5、放铅阀；13-1、清水输出管；13-2、压滤水回流管；13-3、清水泵；13-4、铅泥泵；13-5、循环水池；13-6、压滤机；13-7、铅泥浆输入管。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案进一步说明：
实施例1：该废铅栅网的分离熔化系统包括：除尘器1、烟气导管2、铅液搅拌机3、铅栅网周转箱4、铅栅网隔挡板5、出灰管6、自动捞灰机7、铅灰输送器8、铜件端子分离器9、铅泥罐10、铅泥搅拌机11、铜件收集箱12、循环水处理装置13、熔炼装置14、螺旋下料器15和干燥筒16；
在熔炼装置14的上端安装有干燥筒16，在干燥筒16的上端通过烟气导管2与除尘器1连 接，在干燥筒16的上端还连接有铅栅网周转箱4，有铅液搅拌机3穿过干燥筒16至熔炼装置14内；在熔炼装置14上安装有螺旋下料器15并位于干燥筒16内，有铅栅网隔挡板5一端搭在螺旋下料器15上，另一端搭在干燥筒16的内壁上；自动捞灰机7安装在熔炼装置14上，入料端位于熔炼装置14内，出料口通过出灰管6与铅灰输送器8的入料口连接；铅灰输送器8的出料口位于铜件端子分离器9，铜件端子分离器9安装在铅泥罐10上；铜件端子分离器9上的循环水冲洗管9-8通过管道与循环水处理装置13的清水出水端连接，循环水处理装置13的污水输入端连接在铅泥罐10的下部，在铅泥罐10上还连接有铅泥搅拌机11。
所述的熔炼装置14包括：锅罩14-1、熔炼炉体14-2、熔炼锅14-3、虹吸放铅管14-4和放铅阀14-5；熔炼锅14-3安放在熔炼炉体14-2上，熔炼锅14-3的顶部有锅罩14-1，在熔炼锅14-3的底部有虹吸放铅管14-4，虹吸放铅管14-4通过放铅阀14-5输出铅液；所述的干燥筒16、螺旋下料器15和自动捞灰机7位于锅罩14-1上。
所述的自动捞灰机包括电机7-1、减速机7-2、联轴器7-3、筒体7-4、主轴7-5、螺旋叶片7-6、进灰口7-7、出灰口7-8、集灰板7-9、漏液孔7-10、底部轴承座7-11和支架走轮7-12；所述的筒体7-4前端开有出灰口7-8、后端开有进灰口7-7，筒体7-4内安装有主轴7-5，主轴7-5上安装有螺旋叶片7-6，主轴7-5贯穿筒体7-4，主轴的后端连接底部轴承座7-11，主轴7-5前端连接联轴器7-3，联轴器7-3通过减速机7-2与电机7-1连接；在进灰口7-7位置的筒体7-4内连接有集灰板7-9；
所述集灰板7-9上匀布有漏液孔7-10，其孔径大小为ф3-6mm；便于铅液流回熔炼铅锅中，从而铅液与铅灰分离干净；
在筒体7-4的底面上连接有支架走轮7-12，支架走轮7-12位于出灰口7-8和进灰口7-7之间的筒体7-4壁上，支架走轮7-12的支架脚上有车轮，以方便整个捞灰机在地面上移动。
所述的螺旋下料器15位于铅栅网隔挡板5下端，两端置于干燥筒16外部，螺旋筒体上部开进料口，下部开下料口。
所述的铅栅网隔挡板5为椭圆状厚10-20MM耐高温钢板，四周连接在干燥筒16内壁上，下端与螺旋下料器7相连，与熔炼锅面成30-60°的夹角，上面均布孔径大小为ф2-6mm的透气孔，便于烟气余热的传递预热废铅栅网。
所述的铜件端子分离器9包括：外筒体9-1、转筒筛9-2、传动皮带轮9-3、进灰口9-4、铅灰输送器9-5、托轮9-6、托轮支架9-7、循环水冲洗管9-8、物料导流板9-9、出料口托轮跑道9-10、铜件筛网9-11、铅灰泥水出口9-12、铜件出料口9-13、进料口托轮跑道9-14、电动机9-15；在转筒筛9-2的两端均连接有托轮跑道，分别为出料口托轮跑道9-10和进料口托轮跑道9-14，所述的托轮跑道为空心环并与转筒筛内相通，在托轮跑道上有对应的托轮9-6，托轮9-6安装在托轮支架9-7上；在出料口托轮跑道9-10一端连接有铜件筛网9-11，铜件筛网9-11的端部为铜件出料口9-13；在进料口托轮跑道9-14的一侧连接有传动皮带轮9-3，传动皮带轮9-3通过皮带与电动机9-15连接；有铅灰输送器9-5穿过进料口托轮跑道环，进入至转筒筛9-2内，在铅灰输送器9-5的另一端有进灰口9-4；在转筒筛9-2内壁有物料导流板9-9；在转筒筛9-2外有外筒体9-1，在外筒体9-1的底部有铅灰泥水出口9-12，在外筒体9-1上连接有循环水冲洗管9-8，循环水冲洗管9-8向转动的转筒筛9-2喷、淋循环水。
所述的水循环处理装置包括：清水输出管13-1、压滤水回流管13-2、清水泵13-3、铅泥泵13-4、循环水池13-5、压滤机13-6和铅泥浆输入管13-7；清水泵13-3的入水端与循环 水池13-5连接，清水泵13-3的出水端与循环水进水管13-1连接，在循环水池13-5的上方有压滤机13-6，压滤机13-6输出端通过压滤水回流管13-2与循环水池13-5连接；压滤机13-6的输入端通过管道与铅泥泵13-4的输出端连接，铅泥泵13-4的输入端连接在铅泥罐10的下部。
分离熔化方法包括如下步骤：
步骤(1)，对废铅酸蓄电池进行破碎分选，将分选出的铅栅网装入周转箱备用；
步骤(2)，利用熔炼锅的高温烟气对废铅栅网进行干燥预热，控制其水分在2％以下，加入熔炼锅内进行低温熔化；
步骤(3)，采用自动捞灰机捞灰将熔化后的铅液与浮渣灰进行分离，将铅浮渣灰输送到铜件端子分离器；
步骤(4)，开启分离器，含铜件端子的铅浮渣灰经高压循环水喷淋，将附着在铜件端子上氧化铅灰冲洗掉，在物料导流板的作用下进一步向前移动，并从铜件筛网的铜件出料口排出，完成铜件端子与铅灰的分离；
步骤(5)，净化后的铅液通过放铅管放铅阀流入保温铅包送到下一步工序配制合金。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统，其特征是：该废铅栅网的分离熔化系统包括：除尘器、烟气导管、铅液搅拌机、铅栅网周转箱、铅栅网隔挡板、出灰管、自动捞灰机、铅灰输送器、铜件端子分离器、铅泥罐、铅泥搅拌机、铜件收集箱、循环水处理装置、熔炼装置、螺旋下料器和干燥筒；在熔炼装置的上端安装有干燥筒，在干燥筒的上端通过烟气导管与除尘器连接，在干燥筒的上端还连接有铅栅网周转箱，有铅液搅拌机穿过干燥筒至熔炼装置内；在熔炼装置上安装有螺旋下料器并位于干燥筒内，有铅栅网隔挡板一端搭在螺旋下料器上，另一端搭在干燥筒的内壁上；自动捞灰机安装在熔炼装置上，入料端位于熔炼装置内，出料口通过出灰管与铅灰输送器的入料口连接；铅灰输送器的出料口位于铜件端子分离器，铜件端子分离器安装在铅泥罐上；铜件端子分离器上的循环水冲洗管通过管道与循环水处理装置的清水出水端连接，循环水处理装置的污水输入端连接在铅泥罐的下部，在铅泥罐上还连接有铅泥搅拌机。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统，其特征是：所述的熔炼装置包括：锅罩、熔炼炉体、熔炼锅、虹吸放铅管和放铅阀；熔炼锅安放在熔炼炉体上，熔炼锅的顶部有锅罩，在熔炼锅的底部有虹吸放铅管，虹吸放铅管通过放铅阀输出铅液；所述的干燥筒、螺旋下料器和自动捞灰机位于锅罩上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统，其特征是：所述的自动捞灰机包括电机、减速机、联轴器、筒体、主轴、螺旋叶片、进灰口、出灰口、集灰板、漏液孔、底部轴承座和支架走轮；所述的筒体前端开有出灰口、后端开有进灰口，筒体内安装有主轴，主轴上安装有螺旋叶片，主轴贯穿筒体，主轴的后端连接底部轴承座，主轴前端连接联轴器，联轴器通过减速机与电机连接；在进灰口位置的筒体内连接有集灰板；
    所述集灰板上匀布有漏液孔，其孔径大小为ф3-6mm；便于铅液流回熔炼铅锅中，从而铅液与铅灰分离干净；
    在筒体的底面上连接有支架走轮，支架走轮位于出灰口和进灰口之间的筒体壁上，支架走轮的支架脚上有车轮，以方便整个捞灰机在地面上移动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统，其特征是：所述的螺旋下料器位于铅栅网隔挡板下端，两端置于干燥筒外部，螺旋筒体上部开进料口，下部开下料口。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统，其特征是：所述的铅栅网隔挡板为椭圆状厚10-20MM耐高温钢板，四周连接在干燥筒内壁上，下端与螺旋下料器相连，与熔炼锅面成30-60°的夹角，上面均布孔径大小为ф2-6mm的透气孔，便于烟气余热的传递预热废铅栅网。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统，其特征是：所述的铜件端子分离器包括：外筒体、转筒筛、传动皮带轮、进灰口、铅灰输送器、托轮、托轮支架、循环水冲洗管、物料导流板、出料口托轮跑道、铜件筛网、铅灰泥水出口、铜件出料口、进料口托轮跑道、电动机；在转筒筛的两端均连接有托轮跑道，分别为出料口托轮跑道和进料口托轮跑道，所述的托轮跑道为空心环并与转筒筛内相通，在托轮跑道上有对应的托轮，托轮安装在托轮支架上；在出料口托轮跑道一端连接有铜件筛网，铜件筛网的端部为铜件出料口；在进料口托轮跑道的一侧连接有传动皮带轮，传动皮带轮通过皮带与电动机连接；有铅灰输送器穿过进料口托轮跑道环，进入至转筒筛内，在铅灰输送器的另一端有 进灰口；在转筒筛内壁有物料导流板；在转筒筛外有外筒体，在外筒体的底部有铅灰泥水出口，在外筒体上连接有循环水冲洗管，循环水冲洗管向转动的转筒筛喷、淋循环水。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统，其特征是：所述的循环水处理装置包括：清水输出管、压滤水回流管、清水泵、铅泥泵、循环水池、压滤机和铅泥浆输入管；清水泵的入水端与循环水池连接，清水泵的出水端与循环水进水管连接，在循环水池的上方有压滤机，压滤机输出端通过压滤水回流管与循环水池连接；压滤机的输入端通过管道与铅泥泵的输出端连接，铅泥泵的输入端连接在铅泥罐的下部。
  8. 使用权利要求1所述的一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统的方法，其特征是：分离熔化方法包括如下步骤：
    步骤(1)，对废铅酸蓄电池进行破碎分选，将分选出的铅栅网装入周转箱备用；
    步骤(2)，利用熔炼锅的高温烟气对废铅栅网进行干燥预热，控制其水分在2％以下，加入熔炼锅内进行低温熔化；
    步骤(3)，采用自动捞灰机捞灰将熔化后的铅液与浮渣灰进行分离，将铅浮渣灰输送到铜件端子分离器；
    步骤(4)，开启分离器，含铜件端子的铅浮渣灰经高压循环水喷淋，将附着在铜件端子上氧化铅灰冲洗掉，在物料导流板的作用下进一步向前移动，并从铜件筛网的铜件出料口排出，完成铜件端子与铅灰的分离；
    步骤(5)，净化后的铅液通过放铅管放铅阀流入保温铅包送到下一步工序配制合金。
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