WO2019205166A1 - 一种超声弹性测量装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种超声弹性测量装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205166A1
WO2019205166A1 PCT/CN2018/085179 CN2018085179W WO2019205166A1 WO 2019205166 A1 WO2019205166 A1 WO 2019205166A1 CN 2018085179 W CN2018085179 W CN 2018085179W WO 2019205166 A1 WO2019205166 A1 WO 2019205166A1
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Prior art keywords
vibration
ultrasonic
elastic
strain
detection
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PCT/CN2018/085179
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李双双
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310922308.0A priority Critical patent/CN116831621B/zh
Priority to CN201880018217.1A priority patent/CN110536644B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/085179 priority patent/WO2019205166A1/zh
Publication of WO2019205166A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205166A1/zh
Priority to US17/082,898 priority patent/US11826202B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
    • A61B8/485—Diagnostic techniques involving measuring strain or elastic properties
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/08—Clinical applications
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
    • A61B8/4444—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to the probe
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
    • A61B8/461—Displaying means of special interest
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
    • A61B8/461—Displaying means of special interest
    • A61B8/463—Displaying means of special interest characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5207—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of raw data to produce diagnostic data, e.g. for generating an image
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
    • A61B8/5238—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image
    • A61B8/5246—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image combining images from the same or different imaging techniques, e.g. color Doppler and B-mode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to medical devices, and in particular to an ultrasonic elastic measuring device.
  • Ultrasound elastography is one of the hotspots of clinical research in recent years. Because it mainly reflects the elasticity or softness of tissue, it is more and more applied in the auxiliary detection of cancerous lesions, benign and malignant discrimination, and evaluation of prognosis.
  • Ultrasound elastography mainly reflects the softness and hardness of tissue by imaging the elasticity-related parameters in the region of interest.
  • elastography methods such as quasi-static elastography based on strain caused by probe pressing tissue, vibrating elastography based on external vibration to generate shear waves, and the like.
  • Quasi-static elastography also known as strain-type elastography, mainly produces a certain deformation by pressing the tissue of a multi-element probe of a convex array or a line array, and performs strain detection to calculate parameters related to tissue elasticity such as strain and strain rate.
  • quasi-static elastography can indirectly reflect the difference in elasticity between different tissues.
  • the strain parameters are sensitive to pressure, the pressure applied by the probe in this method needs to be as uniform as possible, which puts high demands on the operator's method.
  • the pressure of each operation is difficult to maintain consistent, the repeatability and stability of imaging are also difficult to ensure.
  • the vibrating elastic method mainly drives the single-element probe vibration by the vibrator to generate shear waves propagating in the depth direction in the tissue, and performs vibration elastic detection to calculate the tissue elasticity value, and the vibration elasticity detection result can reflect the region of interest. hardness.
  • this method can only give the average elastic result of the region of interest, can not achieve true imaging, and can not see the elastic distribution of the region of interest.
  • an ultrasonic elastic measuring device comprising:
  • An ultrasound probe comprising a vibrator and a transducer, the transducer comprising a plurality of array elements for use in a region of the region of interest while performing both strain detection and vibrational elastic detection
  • the tissue emits ultrasonic waves and receives ultrasonic echoes returned by the biological tissue to obtain ultrasonic echo data for strain detection and ultrasonic echo data for vibration elastic detection;
  • the vibrator is used to acquire a vibration sequence and is driven according to the vibration sequence Transducer vibration that causes deformation of the biological tissue and generation of shear waves propagating into the depth direction of the biological tissue when the ultrasonic probe contacts the biological tissue;
  • a vibration control module coupled to the vibrator signal for generating a vibration sequence in the simultaneous strain detection and vibration elastic detection modes and outputting to the vibrator;
  • a transmit/receive controller for generating a transmit timing and a receive control signal, and outputting the transmit timing and the receive control signal to the ultrasound probe, the transmit timing being used to control part or all of the plurality of array elements to the region of interest
  • the biological tissue emits ultrasonic waves, and the receiving control signal is used to control part or all of the plurality of array elements to receive echoes of the ultrasonic waves;
  • a data processor for calculating a strain-elastic result from ultrasonic echoes for strain detection, and calculating a vibration-elastic result from ultrasonic echoes for vibration-elasticity detection.
  • an ultrasonic elastic measuring device comprising:
  • An ultrasound probe comprising a vibrator and a transducer, the transducer comprising a plurality of array elements for transmitting ultrasound waves to biological tissue of the region of interest in the strain detection mode and receiving An ultrasound echo returned by the biological tissue for strain detection; and transmitting ultrasonic waves to the biological tissue of the region of interest in the vibrational elastic detection mode, and receiving ultrasonic echo data for vibrational elasticity detection returned by the biological tissue;
  • the vibrator is configured to acquire a vibration sequence, and drive the transducer vibration according to the vibration sequence, the vibration causing deformation of the biological tissue and generating a shear wave propagating in the depth direction of the biological tissue when the ultrasonic probe contacts the biological tissue;
  • a vibration control module coupled to the vibrator signal for generating a vibration sequence for vibration elastic detection at least in the vibration elastic detection mode and outputting to the vibrator;
  • a transmit/receive controller for generating a transmit timing and a receive control signal, and outputting the transmit timing and the receive control signal to the ultrasound probe, the transmit timing being used to control part or all of the plurality of array elements to the region of interest
  • the biological tissue emits ultrasonic waves, and the receiving control signal is used to control part or all of the plurality of array elements to receive echoes of the ultrasonic waves;
  • a data processor configured to calculate a strain-type elastic result according to the ultrasonic echo of the strain detection, and calculate a vibration elastic result according to the ultrasonic echo of the vibration elastic detection;
  • the display module is configured to simultaneously display the strain-type elastic result and the vibration elastic result on the display interface when the user inputs the simultaneous display instruction.
  • an ultrasonic elasticity measuring method comprising:
  • the vibrator drives the transducer vibration of the ultrasonic probe according to the vibration sequence, the vibration causing deformation of the biological tissue when the ultrasonic probe contacts the biological tissue and generating shear waves propagating in the depth direction of the tissue inside the biological tissue;
  • the ultrasonic probe controls part or all of the plurality of array elements to transmit ultrasonic waves to the biological tissue of the region of interest according to the emission timing, and controls part or all of the plurality of array elements to receive the echoes of the ultrasonic waves according to the receiving control signal, thereby obtaining the strain detection.
  • the data processor calculates the strain-elastic results from the ultrasonic echoes used for strain detection, and calculates the vibration-elastic results from the ultrasonic echoes used for the vibration-elasticity detection.
  • an ultrasonic elasticity measuring method including a strain detecting step, a vibration elastic detecting step, and a simultaneous display step;
  • the strain detecting step includes:
  • the ultrasonic probe controls part or all of the plurality of array elements to transmit ultrasonic waves to the biological tissue of the region of interest according to the emission timing, and controls part or all of the plurality of array elements to receive the echoes of the ultrasonic waves according to the receiving control signal, thereby obtaining the strain detection.
  • Ultrasonic echo data
  • the data processor calculates the strain-type elastic result based on the ultrasonic echo of the strain detection
  • the vibration elasticity detecting step includes:
  • the vibrator drives the transducer vibration of the ultrasonic probe according to the vibration sequence for vibration elastic detection, the vibration generating a shear wave propagating inside the biological tissue in the depth direction of the tissue;
  • the ultrasonic probe controls part or all of the plurality of array elements to transmit ultrasonic waves to the biological tissue of the region of interest according to the emission timing, and controls part or all of the plurality of array elements to receive the echoes of the ultrasonic waves according to the receiving control signal, thereby obtaining vibration for elasticity.
  • Detected ultrasonic echo data
  • the data processor calculates the vibration elastic result according to the ultrasonic echo detected by the vibration elasticity
  • the simultaneous display steps include:
  • the strain gauge elastic result and the vibration elastic result are simultaneously displayed on the display interface.
  • an ultrasonic elastic measurement method comprising: generating deformation in a biological tissue; transmitting an ultrasonic wave to the biological tissue through an ultrasonic probe and receiving an ultrasonic echo to obtain the Ultrasonic echo data for strain detection from the biological tissue before and after the deformation; calculating strain-elastic results based on the ultrasonic echo data for strain detection; generating within the biological tissue a shear wave propagating in the depth direction of the biological tissue; transmitting ultrasonic waves into the biological tissue through an ultrasonic probe to track the propagation of the shear wave, and receiving an ultrasonic echo to obtain an ultrasonic echo for vibration elastic detection Wave data; the vibrational elasticity result is calculated according to the ultrasonic echo for vibrational elasticity detection; and the strain-type elastic result and the vibrational elasticity result are simultaneously displayed.
  • the vibrator is used to drive the ultrasonic probe to perform specific regular vibration.
  • the vibrator drives the ultrasonic probe vibration instead of the human hand to realize the strain elastic imaging, and on the other hand, the ultrasonic probe is driven by the vibrator to generate vibration.
  • the shear wave is used to measure the vibrational elasticity. Therefore, the present invention can provide the elastic difference distribution map of the tissue in the target area, and can also perform quantitative elastic measurement on the tissue of a specific area, thereby realizing simultaneous strain elastic imaging measurement and vibration elastic measurement. .
  • the present invention does not rely on a human hand pressing operation, and the image is more stable and repeatable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic elastic measuring device in an embodiment
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b are schematic cross-sectional views of an ultrasonic probe
  • 2c-2e are timing diagrams of simultaneous strain and vibration elastic detection in a specific embodiment
  • FIGS. 6a-6c are schematic views showing simultaneous results of strain and vibration elasticity detection
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic elastic measuring device in another embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of distinguishing a sequence in an embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a process flow diagram showing the results of both strain elastic and vibrational elasticity simultaneously in another embodiment.
  • the ultrasonic elastic measuring apparatus 100 includes an ultrasonic probe 101, a vibration control module 103, a transmitting/receiving controller 104, a transmitting and receiving module 105, an echo processing module 106, a data processor 107, and a display. Module 108 and controller 109.
  • the transmit/receive controller 104 is coupled to the ultrasonic probe 101 via a transmit and receive module 105.
  • the ultrasonic probe 101 is coupled to the echo processing module 106 via a transmit and receive module 105.
  • the output of the echo processing module 106 and the data processor 107 The signal is connected, and the output of the data processor 107 is signally coupled to the display module 108.
  • the ultrasound probe 101 includes a transducer 1011 and a vibrator 1012.
  • the vibrator 1012 is mounted on the ultrasonic probe 101, for example, on the outer casing of the ultrasonic probe 101, or in the outer casing of the ultrasonic probe 101, and the transducer and other probe components are assembled into an integrated ultrasonic probe.
  • the vibrator is used to acquire a vibration sequence from the vibration control module 103, and to drive the transducer vibration according to the vibration sequence, for example, the vibrator itself vibrates according to the vibration sequence and drives the transducer to vibrate; or the vibrator itself does not vibrate, but moves according to the vibration sequence
  • the telescoping or rotating component drives the transducer to vibrate.
  • the vibration causes deformation of the biological tissue when the ultrasonic probe contacts the biological tissue, and also generates shear waves propagating in the depth direction of the tissue inside the biological tissue.
  • the driving process performed by the vibrator 1012 in accordance with one vibration sequence is referred to as primary vibration, and when the vibration control module 103 outputs the next vibration sequence, the vibrator 1012 starts the next vibration.
  • the vibration control module 103 is coupled to the vibrator signal for generating a vibration sequence including parameters such as waveform, frequency, amplitude, duration, and the like.
  • the transducer 1011 includes a plurality of array elements arranged in an array, a plurality of array elements arranged in a row to form a line array, or a two-dimensional matrix arranged to form an array, and a plurality of array elements may also constitute a convex array.
  • the array elements are used to transmit ultrasonic waves according to the excitation electrical signals or to convert the received ultrasonic waves into electrical signals.
  • each element can be used to transmit ultrasound to biological tissue in the region of interest, as well as to receive ultrasound echoes that are returned by tissue.
  • the array elements participating in the ultrasonic transmission may be simultaneously excited by the electrical signal to simultaneously transmit the ultrasonic waves; or the array elements participating in the ultrasonic beam emission may also be excited by a plurality of electrical signals having a certain time interval to continuously emit ultrasonic waves having a certain time interval.
  • part or all of the plurality of array elements emit ultrasonic waves to the biological tissue of the region of interest, and the emitted ultrasonic waves may be used for strain detection according to the emission timing, or may be used.
  • the emitted ultrasonic waves may be used for strain detection according to the emission timing, or may be used.
  • vibration elasticity detection or for detection of both.
  • Part or all of the plurality of array elements receive echoes of the ultrasonic waves, which can be used for strain detection and vibration elastic detection.
  • 2a is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ultrasonic probe.
  • a plurality of array elements are arranged on the ultrasonic probe 101 in a two-dimensional matrix to form an array of faces.
  • a row of array elements in the upper block 111 is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves, wherein
  • the array elements 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, 111e, 111f are used to emit ultrasonic waves for detecting deformation of biological tissues, and the array elements 111c, 111d are used to emit ultrasonic waves suitable for detecting shear waves.
  • a row of array elements in block 112 below is used to receive ultrasonic echoes, wherein array elements 112a, 112b, 112c, 112d, 112e, 112f are used to receive ultrasonic waves for detecting deformation of biological tissue, for array elements 112c, 112d Receiving ultrasonic waves suitable for detecting shear waves.
  • the array elements 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d may also be used to transmit ultrasonic waves for detecting deformation of the biological tissue, and the array elements 112a, 112b, 112c, 112d receive ultrasonic waves for detecting deformation of the biological tissue.
  • the array elements 111e, 111f are used to transmit ultrasonic waves suitable for detecting shear waves, and the array elements 112e, 112f are used to receive ultrasonic waves suitable for detecting shear waves.
  • a plurality of array elements may also be arranged in a line array of ultrasonic probes, and part or all of the plurality of array elements on the transducer 1011 may be used to transmit ultrasonic waves or receive ultrasonic echoes.
  • the array elements are used as transmitting ultrasonic beams, for example, U1-U6 are used for transmission, and at the second moment, some or all of the array elements are used as echoes for receiving ultrasonic beams, for example, U7-U12 can be used.
  • the elements used for transmitting or receiving at different times may overlap, that is, at the first moment, U1-U9 are used for transmission, and at the second moment, U4-U12 may be used for reception.
  • the transmit/receive controller 104 is configured to generate a transmit timing and a receive control signal, the transmit timing is used to control part or all of the plurality of array elements to transmit ultrasonic waves to the biological tissue of the region of interest, and the transmission timing parameter includes the number of array elements for transmission. And ultrasonic emission parameters (such as amplitude, frequency, number of waves, emission interval, wave angle, wave shape, etc.).
  • the receiving control signal is used to control part or all of the plurality of array elements to receive the echoes of the ultrasonic tissue, and the receiving control signal parameters include the number of receiving elements and the receiving parameters of the echo (eg, received angle, depth, etc.) .
  • the purpose of the ultrasonic echo is different or the image generated by the ultrasonic echo is different, and the ultrasonic parameters in the emission timing and the echo parameters in the reception control signal are also different.
  • the transmission timing of the transmission/reception controller 104 output to the ultrasound probe includes a first transmission timing 104a and a second transmission timing 104c, and the first transmission timing is used to control the corresponding array element emission for detecting biological tissue deformation.
  • the ultrasonic wave, the second emission timing is used to control the corresponding array element to emit ultrasonic waves suitable for detecting shear waves.
  • the receiving control signal outputted by the transmitting/receiving controller 104 to the ultrasonic probe includes a first receiving control signal 104b and a second receiving control signal 104d for controlling the corresponding array element to receive the ultrasonic echo for strain detection.
  • the second receiving control signal is used to control the corresponding array element to receive an ultrasonic echo for detecting vibration elasticity.
  • the ultrasonic probe is configured according to a transmission timing and a reception control signal, at least a part of which is used to transmit ultrasonic waves, at least a part is used to receive ultrasonic echoes, and some of the array elements for transmitting ultrasonic waves are used for detecting biological tissues.
  • Deformed ultrasonic waves some used to transmit ultrasonic waves suitable for detecting shear waves, and the array elements for transmitting the former and the ultrasonic waves for the latter may or may not have an intersection; some of the elements for receiving ultrasonic echoes It is used to receive ultrasonic echoes for strain detection, and some are used to receive ultrasonic echoes for detecting vibrational elasticity. Similarly, the array elements that receive the former echo and receive the latter echo may or may not have an intersection. .
  • the transmitting and receiving module 103 is connected between the ultrasonic probe and the emission timing control module 102 and the echo processing module 104 for transmitting the transmission timing of the transmission timing control module 102 to the ultrasonic probe 101, and transmitting the ultrasonic ultrasound received by the ultrasonic probe 101.
  • Wave 101a is transmitted to echo processing module 104.
  • the controller 109 is separately coupled to the transmit/receive controller 104 and the vibration control module 103 for controlling the output timing of the transmit/receive controller 104 and the vibration control module 103.
  • the controller 109 controls the vibration control module 103 to output the vibration sequence
  • the vibrator starts the vibration according to the vibration sequence
  • the controller 109 controls the emission/
  • the receiving controller 104 outputs the first transmission timing and the first reception control signal, the second transmission timing, and the second reception control signal, and the first transmission timing and the first reception control signal, the second transmission timing, and the second reception control signal may be simultaneously
  • the output may also be output sequentially, for example, first outputting the first transmission timing and the first reception control signal, and then outputting the second transmission timing and the second reception control signal, and the ultrasound probe respectively according to the first transmission timing and the first reception control signal
  • the second transmission timing and the second reception control signal transmit ultrasonic waves and receive echoes.
  • the ultrasonic probe transmits ultrasonic waves for strain detection or ultrasonic waves for detecting shear waves simultaneously or sequentially for one vibration.
  • the ultrasonic probe is directed to ultrasonic waves of different secondary vibration emission strain detection or ultrasonic waves that emit vibration elastic detection.
  • the controller 109 controls the vibration control module 103 to output a vibration sequence, and the vibrator starts the first vibration according to the vibration sequence while the controller
  • the control transmitting/receiving controller 104 outputs a first transmission timing and a first reception control signal, and the ultrasonic probe transmits an ultrasonic wave according to the first transmission timing and the first reception control signal and receives the echo; then the controller 109 controls the vibration control module 103.
  • the vibrator starts a second vibration according to the vibration sequence
  • the controller 109 controls the transmission/reception controller 104 to output a second transmission timing and a second reception control signal
  • the ultrasonic probe is controlled according to the second transmission timing and the second reception timing.
  • the signal emits an ultrasonic wave and receives an echo.
  • the ultrasonic probe can also detect the ultrasonic wave for the vibration detection of the first vibration, and the ultrasonic wave for the second vibration emission strain detection. In addition, this detection can also be cycled in order to achieve real-time update of the detection results.
  • the controller 109 first controls the vibration control module 103 to output a vibration sequence V1, and the vibrator drives the transducer according to the vibration sequence V1.
  • the vibration of the strain detection is exemplified by a square wave instead of the vibration sequence.
  • the vibration sequence may be a sine wave, a triangular wave or the like.
  • the controller 109 controls the transmitting/receiving controller to output a first transmission/reception control signal T1 (where the transmission/reception control signal includes a transmission timing and a reception control signal, the same applies hereinafter),
  • the transducer transmits a first ultrasonic wave according to the first transmission/reception control signal T1 for a first predetermined time period, the first ultrasonic wave is used for strain detection, and the echo of the first ultrasonic wave is used to obtain a first ultrasonic echo for strain detection.
  • Wave data The controller 109 then controls the vibration control module 103 to output a vibration sequence V2, and the vibrator drives the transducer to perform vibration elastic vibration detection according to the vibration sequence V2.
  • the controller 109 controls the transmitting/receiving controller to output a second transmitting/receiving control signal T2, and the transducer is in accordance with the second transmitting/receiving control signal T2 for a second predetermined time period.
  • a second ultrasonic wave is emitted, the second ultrasonic wave is used for vibration elastic detection, and the second ultrasonic wave is received, and second ultrasonic echo data for vibration elastic detection is obtained.
  • the ultrasonic transmission frequencies defined by the first and second transmission/reception control signals may be the same or different.
  • the first predetermined period of time may be the same as or different from the period of time during which the transducer performs the purpose of strain detection; the second predetermined period of time is a third predetermined after the start of the vibration for the vibration elastic detection of the transducer.
  • the ultrasonic transmit and receive durations defined by the second transmit/receive control signal during one cycle are greater than the ultrasonic transmit and receive durations defined by the first transmit/receive control signal.
  • vibrational elasticity detection may be performed first, and then strain detection is performed, as shown in FIG. 2d.
  • the controller 109 is further configured to control the connection switching of the transmitting and receiving module 103 to transmit the transmission timing of the transmission timing control module 102 to the ultrasound probe 101 and transmit the ultrasonic echo received by the ultrasound probe 101.
  • the echo processing module 104 is provided.
  • the controller 109 can also control other components in the ultrasonic elastic measuring device 100.
  • the echo processing module 106 is configured to process the ultrasonic echo, such as filtering, amplifying, beamforming, etc., the ultrasonic echo.
  • the ultrasonic echo of the present embodiment includes both ultrasonic echoes for strain detection and ultrasonic echoes for detecting vibrational elasticity.
  • the data processor 107 receives the echo signals processed by the echo processing module 106 and uses the correlation algorithm to obtain the required parameters or images.
  • the data processor 107 includes a strain elastic imaging module 1071 and a vibration elastic imaging module 1072.
  • the strain elastic imaging module 1071 is configured to calculate a strain-type elastic result from the ultrasonic echo for strain detection, which may be, for example, one or more of elastic image data, strain amount, or strain rate.
  • the vibrational elastography module 1072 is configured to calculate a vibration elastic result according to an ultrasonic echo for detecting vibration elasticity, and the vibration elastic result may be, for example, a shear wave elastic parameter and/or a shear wave trajectory, and the shear wave elastic parameter includes a shear wave At least one of a propagation speed, a Young's modulus value, or a shear modulus value.
  • the data processor 107 may further include an ultrasound image generation module (not shown) for generating various ultrasound images, such as B-mode images, from the ultrasonic echoes of the strain detection.
  • the display module 108 receives various visualization data output by the data processor 107, and displays various images, graphics, charts, texts or data on the display interface, including various elastic parameters, various elastic images, and/or various ultrasound images. .
  • the ultrasonic probe vibrates according to the vibration sequence under the driving of the vibrator, and on the other hand, the mechanical vibration is used instead of the human hand pressing, thereby improving the consistency of the pressure, so that the repeatability and stability of the imaging are ensured.
  • the vibration elastic detection can be performed by the vibration of the ultrasonic probe, and the vibration elasticity detection does not need to be replaced with a single-element probe, so that the strain elastic distribution of the region of interest can be detected, and the specific sampling gate can be quantitatively detected. Elastic value.
  • the vibration sequence V1 and the vibration sequence V2 in FIGS. 2c, 2d, and 2e may be the same or different, for example, the pulse width of the vibration sequence V1 is longer than the pulse width of the vibration sequence V2.
  • Step 10 When the user needs to simultaneously detect the strain-type elastic result and the vibration-elasticity result, the user can input the simultaneous detection command through the input device, and enter the simultaneous strain detection and vibration elastic detection mode. Based on the response to the simultaneous detection instruction, the controller is In step 11, the control vibration control module outputs a first vibration sequence.
  • the first vibration sequence defines parameters such as waveform, frequency, amplitude, duration, and the like of the vibration of the vibrator when detecting tissue strain.
  • the first vibration sequence defines a sinusoidal vibration waveform having a frequency of 2 Hz, an amplitude of 0.5 mm, and a duration of 2 s.
  • the vibrator begins the first vibration according to the waveform, frequency, and amplitude defined by the first vibration sequence, and ends the first vibration according to the duration defined by the first vibration sequence.
  • step 12 the controller simultaneously controls the transmit/receive controller to output the first transmit timing and the first receive control signal.
  • the ultrasonic probe transmits ultrasonic waves and receives echoes according to the first emission timing and the first reception control signal.
  • step 13 the echo is received, and the echo processing module processes the echo.
  • step 14 the strain elastography module calculates the strain-type elastic result from the echo.
  • the strain elastography module can determine the position of the region of interest after tissue deformation based on the two frames of ultrasound echo data before and after tissue deformation.
  • the common algorithms, such as block-matching, are shown in Figure 4.
  • the strain M of the region of interest can be calculated according to the definition of the strain, namely:
  • L is the length of the region of interest before tissue deformation
  • ⁇ L is the amount of change in length of the region of interest after tissue deformation
  • the strained elastography module can also generate a strain elastic image of the region of interest based on the strain.
  • stress strain * Young's modulus. Young's modulus is a common physical quantity that reflects the hardness of a tissue. Therefore, under a certain pressure, the harder the tissue, the smaller the strain, the softer the tissue, and the greater the strain. When the probe contact surface is good, the force of the target tissue can be considered to be uniform. Therefore, the strain distribution image can reflect the soft and hard differences between tissues.
  • Step 15 the controller controls the vibration control module to output the second vibration sequence.
  • the second vibration sequence defines parameters such as the waveform, frequency, amplitude, duration, and the like of the vibrator vibration when detecting the shear wave.
  • a vibration sequence defines a sinusoidal vibration waveform having a frequency of 50 Hz, an amplitude of 1 mm, and a duration of one period.
  • the vibrator starts the second vibration according to the waveform, frequency, and amplitude defined by the second vibration sequence, and ends the second vibration according to the duration defined by the second vibration sequence.
  • the vibrator In addition to causing tissue deformation, the vibrator generates shear waves propagating in the depth direction of the tissue inside the tissue due to adhesion between the tissues. When the shear wave propagates, the tissue at the corresponding position will be displaced. After the shear wave propagates, the displacement will gradually decrease and disappear.
  • step 16 the controller simultaneously controls the transmit/receive controller to output the second transmit timing and the second receive control signal.
  • the ultrasonic probe 101 transmits the ultrasonic wave 1091 according to the second emission timing and the second reception control signal and receives the echo.
  • the ultrasound probe is required to be able to transmit ultrasound pulses to the tissue for a period of time and receive echo signals.
  • step 17 the echo is received, and the echo processing module processes the echo.
  • the vibrating elastography module calculates the vibrating elastic result from the echo.
  • the vibrational elastic result may be a shear wave elastic parameter such as a shear wave propagation velocity, a Young's modulus value, and/or a shear modulus value, and the vibrational elasticity result may also be a shear wave trajectory.
  • the vibration elasticity results can be calculated by the following methods:
  • the vibration elastography module can calculate the displacement of a point on the shear wave propagation path according to the received echo signal.
  • the displacement of the point is maximum, the shear wave is considered to have reached the point.
  • the propagation path or propagation trajectory of the shear wave can be located, so that the shear wave trajectory map can be drawn.
  • the shear wave can be obtained according to the trajectory line of the shear wave.
  • the slope of each point on the propagation path, the slope is the propagation speed of the shear wave.
  • the shear wave propagation velocity has the following approximate relationship between Young's modulus and shear modulus:
  • ⁇ is the tissue density
  • E is the Young's modulus value of the tissue
  • G is the shear modulus of the tissue.
  • ⁇ is the density value of water. Therefore, when the shear wave propagation velocity is obtained, other elastic correlation parameters such as Young's modulus and shear modulus can be further calculated.
  • step 19 the real-time strain-elastic results and the vibration-elastic results are displayed.
  • the display module simultaneously displays the strain-type elastic result and the vibration-elastic result on the display interface, as shown in FIGS. 6a, 6b, and 6c.
  • the strain-type elastic result is presented in the form of the strain distribution image 301.
  • the first hardness attribute tissue 3011 and the second hardness attribute tissue 3012 may also be identified in the distribution image 301 by different colors, gradations, or filling methods, while the sampling gate 3013 may also be displayed in the strain distribution image 301.
  • the first attribute hardness tissue and the second attribute hardness tissue are completely different in the pixel properties imaged on the strain image, and can be distinguished on the strain profile.
  • the first attribute hardness structure and the second attribute hardness may also be different or the same inside the tissue, but for the first attribute hardness organization and the second attribute hardness organization, and any one of their internal regions, on the strain distribution map No quantitative elastic measurement results are available.
  • the vibration elastic value of a certain region on the strain distribution map can be measured by simultaneously detecting the vibration elasticity when measuring the strain, and the vibration elastic measurement value at the position of the sampling gate is displayed in the elastic value display region 302, and the vibration Elastic measurements can also be presented in a variety of ways.
  • the vibrating elastic results are used to fill the color or color.
  • a scaled color change bar is displayed in the elastic value display area for demonstrating a quantitative analysis of the hardness variation of the sampling gate along the measurement depth direction.
  • the sampling gate is selected inside the second hardness attribute organization, and of course, it may be selected inside the first hardness attribute organization, and the position of the sampling gate can be freely selected by the user.
  • the sampling gate can also be represented by a box for characterizing the vibration elastic measurement value in the box. The entire box can be represented by calculating the mean value, mean square error and variance of the elastic measurement values at various points in the box. The corresponding elastic measurement values are displayed as shown in Figure 6c.
  • the strain elastic imaging module and the vibration elastic imaging module are also based on the received ultrasonic wave.
  • the echo is calculated in real time, and the display module displays the strain-elastic results and the vibration-elastic results of the real-time update on the display interface.
  • the data processor also generates an ultrasound image, such as a B image or a C image, from the ultrasound echo for strain detection.
  • the display module can also simultaneously display the ultrasound image 303 on the display interface, and the ultrasound image 303 can be displayed side by side or up and down in a tiled manner with the strain distribution image 301, or stacked display, or an ultrasound image 303. A portion of the strain distribution image 301 is covered, and vice versa.
  • a region of interest 305 is selected on the ultrasound image 303, and a strain profile image 301 of the region of interest 305 is displayed in the strain profile region.
  • step 20 it is judged whether the loop is completed, and if so, the detection is ended, otherwise the process proceeds to step 11, and the detection of the next cycle is started, and the displayed strain-type elastic result and the vibration elastic result are updated in real time each time the detection is completed.
  • the number of cycles can be set to one or more times as needed.
  • the shear wave detection may be performed first in one cycle, and then the strain elasticity is detected.
  • the vibration of the vibrator and the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe may not be simultaneously, but sequentially, for example, the controller first controls the ultrasonic probe to emit ultrasonic waves, and then controls the vibration of the vibrator, except for subsequent data processing.
  • the echo data used is the echo data after the start of the vibration. Therefore, in this case, the ultrasonic probe needs to continuously emit ultrasonic waves for a period of time according to the emission interval defined by the emission timing, for example, until the end of the ultrasonic probe vibration, and when the shear wave is detected, it is required to continuously emit the ultrasonic waves for a longer period of time.
  • the vibration sequences of the first vibration and the second vibration may be the same.
  • the frequency of detecting the vibration waveform of the shear wave may be greater than the frequency of detecting the vibration waveform of the tissue deformation.
  • the ultrasonic elastic measuring device 200 includes an ultrasonic probe 201, a vibrator 202, a vibration control module 203, a transmitting/receiving controller 204, a transmitting and receiving module 205, an echo processing module 206, a data processor 207, and a display module.
  • the connection relationship of each module is the same as in the first embodiment, except that the transmitting/receiving controller 204 distinguishes the echo based on the marking of the sequence in generating the transmission timing and receiving the control signal. Detection of biological tissue deformation is also suitable for detecting shear waves.
  • the transmit/receive controller 204 outputs a transmit timing 204a to the ultrasound probe that specifies six array elements for transmitting ultrasound, but for the first and second sequences labeled 1 and for the third and fourth sequence markers 0, the 5th and 6th sequences are marked as 1, as shown in Fig. 8, the sequence labeled 1 is used to detect ultrasonic waves of biological tissue deformation, and the sequence labeled 0 is suitable for detecting ultrasonic waves of shear waves.
  • the transmitting/receiving controller 204 can also perform similar marking in the receiving control signal 204b outputted to the ultrasonic probe. When the corresponding array element receives the echo, the echo data is marked according to the mark of the receiving control signal.
  • the ultrasonic probe can simultaneously emit the ultrasonic wave of the strain detection and the ultrasonic wave of the shear wave for the same vibration, and the received echo data includes both the ultrasonic echo for strain detection and the detection.
  • Vibratory elastic ultrasonic echo except that different echo data have different marks, the data processor performs different processing according to different marks, and the strain elastic data module 2071 calculates strain according to the echo data for the echo data marked with 1.
  • the elastic result results from the vibrational elasticity imaging module 2072 calculating the vibrational elasticity result from the echo data for the echo data labeled 0.
  • sequences labeled 1 for detecting deformation of biological tissue may also be labeled as 0 or other types of labels
  • sequences suitable for detecting shear waves may also be labeled as 1 or other types of labels.
  • one of the two sequences used to detect biological tissue deformation and detect shear waves is labeled, while the other is not labeled.
  • the transmission timing is not marked, and the reception control signal is marked. In short, as long as it can identify the ultrasonic echoes of the strain detection and the ultrasonic echoes of the shear waves in the echo data.
  • the user can input the detection command twice, and the specific operation flow is as shown in FIG. 9, and includes the following steps:
  • Step 30 Receive an instruction input by the user for performing strain detection, and enter a strain detection mode.
  • step 31 the vibration control module outputs a vibration sequence for strain detection to the vibrator.
  • the vibrator drives the transducer vibration of the ultrasonic probe according to the vibration sequence for strain detection, which causes deformation of the biological tissue when the ultrasonic probe contacts the biological tissue for strain detection.
  • the transmitting/receiving controller outputs a transmission timing and a reception control signal to the ultrasonic probe.
  • the ultrasonic probe controls part or all of the plurality of array elements to transmit ultrasonic waves to the biological tissue of the region of interest according to the emission timing, and controls part or all of the plurality of array elements to receive the echoes of the ultrasonic waves according to the receiving control signal, thereby obtaining the strain detection.
  • Ultrasound echo data Ultrasound echo data.
  • step 32 the data processor calculates the strain-elastic result from the ultrasonic echo of the strain detection.
  • Step 34 Receive an instruction input by the user to perform vibration elasticity detection, and enter a vibration elasticity detection mode.
  • a vibration sequence for vibration elastic detection is output to the vibrator.
  • the vibrator drives the transducer vibration of the ultrasonic probe according to the vibration sequence for vibration elastic detection, which generates a shear wave propagating inside the biological tissue in the depth direction of the tissue.
  • the transmission timing and the reception control signal are output to the ultrasound probe.
  • the ultrasonic probe controls part or all of the plurality of array elements to transmit ultrasonic waves to the biological tissue of the region of interest according to the emission timing, and controls part or all of the plurality of array elements to receive the echoes of the ultrasonic waves according to the receiving control signal, and obtains vibration for obtaining Ultrasonic echo data for elastic detection.
  • step 37 the data processor calculates the vibration elasticity result based on the ultrasonic echo detected by the vibration elasticity.
  • Step 38 Receive an instruction while the user inputs.
  • step 39 the display module simultaneously displays the strain gauge elastic result and the vibration elastic result on the display interface.
  • the vibrational elasticity can also be detected first, then the strain can be detected, and then the strain-type elastic result and the vibrational elastic result can be simultaneously displayed on the display interface.
  • step 31 drives the ultrasonic probe to vibrate by the vibrator to cause deformation of the biological tissue.
  • the tissue may be deformed by manual pressing of the tissue by the user for subsequent strain detection.
  • the ultrasound probe may further comprise a pressure sensor, the output of the pressure sensor being signally coupled to the data processor.
  • the pressure sensor is used to sense the pressure.
  • the pressure sensor is used to detect the driving force of the vibrator on the transducer or the pressure of the probe to the tissue, and feedback the sensed pressure to the data processor according to the pressure for different times.
  • the ultrasonic elastic measuring device may also control the output timing of the vibration control module and the transmitting/receiving controller without using a controller, but connect the transmitting/receiving controller and the vibration control module signal when the vibration is controlled.
  • the transmit/receive controller outputs the transmit timing and the receive control signal.
  • the functions involved in the present application can be implemented by means of the program described in the above embodiments, or by hardware, for example, by using a gate circuit to build an application specific integrated circuit.
  • a person skilled in the art may understand that various programs in the foregoing embodiments may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: a read only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc., and the data processor may be implemented by executing a program.
  • any tangible, non-transitory computer readable storage medium may be utilized, including magnetic storage devices (hard disks, floppy disks, etc.), optical storage devices (CD-ROM, DVD, Blu Ray disks, etc.), flash memory, and/or the like.
  • These computer program instructions can be loaded onto a general purpose computer, special purpose computer or other programmable data processing device to form a machine such that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable data processing device can generate means for performing the specified function.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory, which can instruct the computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory can form a single piece Manufacturing, including implementations that implement specified functions.
  • Computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device to perform a series of operational steps on a computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process for execution on a computer or other programmable device. Instructions can provide steps for implementing a given function.

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Abstract

一种超声弹性测量装置(100)包括超声探头(101)，超声探头(101)包括振动器(1012)和换能器(1011)，换能器包括多个阵元，超声弹性测量装置还包括振动控制模块(103)、发射/接收控制器(104)和数据处理器(107)，振动控制模块在同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测模式下产生振动序列并输出至振动器，超声探头在振动器驱动下振动，向生物组织发射超声波或接收超声回波，获得用于应变检测的超声回波和用于振动弹性检测的超声回波，数据处理器根据应变检测的超声回波计算应变式弹性结果，根据检测振动弹性的超声回波计算振动弹性结果，从而实现了同时进行应变弹性成像测量和振动弹性测量。

Description

一种超声弹性测量装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗设备，具体涉及一种超声弹性测量装置。
背景技术
超声弹性成像是近年来临床研究的热点之一，由于其主要反映组织的弹性或软硬程度，因此在组织癌症病变的辅助检测、良恶性判别、预后恢复评价等方面得到越来越多应用。
超声弹性成像主要通过对感兴趣区域内的弹性相关参数进行成像，从而反映组织的软硬程度。近二十年来，已经出现了多种不同的弹性成像方法，比如基于探头按压组织造成应变的准静态弹性成像，基于外部振动产生剪切波的振动弹性成像等。
准静态弹性成像也称为应变式弹性成像，主要通过凸阵列或线阵列的多阵元探头按压组织产生一定的形变，并进行应变检测，将应变量、应变率等与组织弹性相关的参数计算出来并成像，准静态弹性成像可间接反映不同组织间的弹性差异。但是由于应变参数对压力敏感，因此这种方法中通过探头施加的压力需要尽量均匀稳定，从而对操作者的手法提出了较高的要求。此外，由于每次操作的压力难以保持一致，成像的重复性和稳定性也较难保证。
振动弹性方法主要通过振动器驱动单阵元探头振动以产生在组织中向纵深方向传播的剪切波，并进行振动弹性检测，从而计算出组织弹性值，振动弹性检测结果可反映感兴趣区域的硬度。但是该方法只能给出感兴趣区域的平均弹性结果，不能实现真正的成像，无法查看感兴趣区域的弹性分布。
发明内容
本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种超声弹性测量装置，包括：
超声探头，所述超声探头包括振动器和换能器，所述换能器包括多个阵元，所述阵元用于在同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测的模式下向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，并接收由生物组织返回的超声回波，获得用于应变检测的超声回波数据和用于振动弹性检测的超声回波数 据；所述振动器用于获取振动序列，根据振动序列驱动换能器振动，所述振动在超声探头接触生物组织时导致生物组织产生形变和产生向生物组织内部纵深方向传播的剪切波；
振动控制模块，其与振动器信号连接，用于在同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测模式下产生振动序列并输出至振动器；
发射/接收控制器，用于产生发射时序和接收控制信号，并将发射时序和接收控制信号输出至超声探头，所述发射时序用于控制所述多个阵元的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，所述接收控制信号用于控制所述多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述超声波的回波；
数据处理器，所述数据处理器用于根据用于应变检测的超声回波计算应变式弹性结果，根据用于振动弹性检测的超声回波计算振动弹性结果。
本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种超声弹性测量装置，包括：
超声探头，所述超声探头包括振动器和换能器，所述换能器包括多个阵元，所述阵元用于在应变检测模式下向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，并接收由生物组织返回的用于应变检测的超声回波；和在振动弹性检测模式下向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，并接收由生物组织返回的用于振动弹性检测的超声回波数据；所述振动器用于获取振动序列，根据振动序列驱动换能器振动，所述振动在超声探头接触生物组织时导致生物组织产生形变和产生向生物组织内部纵深方向传播的剪切波；
振动控制模块，其与振动器信号连接，用于至少在振动弹性检测模式下产生用于振动弹性检测的振动序列并输出至振动器；
发射/接收控制器，用于产生发射时序和接收控制信号，并将发射时序和接收控制信号输出至超声探头，所述发射时序用于控制所述多个阵元的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，所述接收控制信号用于控制所述多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述超声波的回波；
数据处理器，所述数据处理器用于根据应变检测的超声回波计算应变式弹性结果，根据振动弹性检测的超声回波计算振动弹性结果；
显示模块，用于当用户输入同时显示指令时在显示界面上同时显示应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。
本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种超声弹性测量方法，包括：
接收用户输入的同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测的指令，进入同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测模式；
向振动器输出振动序列；
振动器根据振动序列驱动超声探头的换能器振动，所述振动在超声探头接触生物组织时导致生物组织产生形变和在生物组织内部产生向组织内部纵深方向传播的剪切波；
向超声探头输出发射时序和接收控制信号；
超声探头根据发射时序控制多个阵元的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，根据接收控制信号控制多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述超声波的回波，获得用于应变检测的超声回波数据和用于振动弹性检测的超声回波数据；
数据处理器根据用于应变检测的超声回波计算应变式弹性结果，根据用于振动弹性检测的超声回波计算振动弹性结果。
本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种超声弹性测量方法，包括应变检测步骤、振动弹性检测步骤和同时显示步骤；
所述应变检测步骤包括：
接收用户输入的进行应变检测的指令，进入应变检测模式；
在生物组织产生形变的状态下向超声探头输出发射时序和接收控制信号；
超声探头根据发射时序控制多个阵元的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，根据接收控制信号控制多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述超声波的回波，获得用于应变检测的超声回波数据；
数据处理器根据应变检测的超声回波计算应变式弹性结果；
所述振动弹性检测步骤包括：
接收用户输入的进行振动弹性检测的指令，进入振动弹性检测模式；
向振动器输出用于振动弹性检测的振动序列；
振动器根据用于振动弹性检测的振动序列驱动超声探头的换能器振动，所述振动在生物组织内部产生向组织内部纵深方向传播的剪切波；
向超声探头输出发射时序和接收控制信号；
超声探头根据发射时序控制多个阵元的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，根据接收控制信号控制多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述超声波的回波，获得用于振动弹性检测的超声回波数据；
数据处理器根据振动弹性检测的超声回波计算振动弹性结果；
同时显示步骤包括：
接收用户输入的同时显示指令；
在显示界面上同时显示应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。
本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种超声弹性测量方法，其特征在于，包括：在生物组织内产生形变；通过超声探头向所述生物组织发射超声波并接收超声回波，获得产生所述形变之前和产生所述形变之后来自于所述生物组织的用于应变检测的超声回波数据；根据所述用于应变检测的超声回波数据计算应变式弹性结果；在所述生物组织内产生在所述生物组织的纵深方向传播的剪切波；通过超声探头向所述生物组织内发射超声波以跟踪所述剪切波的传播，并接收超声回波，获得用于振动弹性检测的超声回波数据；根据所述用于振动弹性检测的超声回波计算振动弹性结果；同时显示应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。
本发明实施例中，采用振动器驱动超声探头进行特定规律的振动，一方面，将振动器驱动超声探头振动代替人手操作来实现应变弹性成像，另一方面，通过振动器驱动超声探头振动并产生剪切波，来实现振动弹性测量，因此本发明可以提供目标区域内组织的弹性差异分布图，还可以对特定区域的组织进行定量弹性测量，从而实现了同时进行应变弹性成像测量和振动弹性测量。另外，本发明不依赖于人手按压操作，图像的稳定性和重复性更佳。
附图说明
图1是一种实施例中超声弹性测量装置的结构示意图；
图2a和图2b是超声探头截面示意图；
图2c-图2e是具体实施例中同时进行应变和振动弹性检测的时序图；
图3是一种实施例中同时进行应变和振动弹性检测的流程图；
图4是应变弹性成像过程中位移检测示意图；
图5是一种实施例中得到的剪切波的传播轨迹示意图；图6a-6c是同时显示应变和振动弹性检测结果的示意图；
图7是另一种实施例中超声弹性测量装置的结构示意图；
图8是一种实施例中对序列进行区别标识的示意图；
图9是另一种实施例中同时显示应变弹性结果和振动弹性结果的处 理流程图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。其中不同实施方式中类似元件采用了相关联的类似的元件标号。在以下的实施方式中，很多细节描述是为了使得本申请能被更好的理解。然而，本领域技术人员可以毫不费力的认识到，其中部分特征在不同情况下是可以省略的，或者可以由其他元件、材料、方法所替代。在某些情况下，本申请相关的一些操作并没有在说明书中显示或者描述，这是为了避免本申请的核心部分被过多的描述所淹没，而对于本领域技术人员而言，详细描述这些相关操作并不是必要的，他们根据说明书中的描述以及本领域的一般技术知识即可完整了解相关操作。
另外，说明书中所描述的特点、操作或者特征可以以任意适当的方式结合形成各种实施方式。同时，方法描述中的各步骤或者动作也可以按照本领域技术人员所能显而易见的方式进行顺序调换或调整。因此，说明书和附图中的各种顺序只是为了清楚描述某一个实施例，并不意味着是必须的顺序，除非另有说明其中某个顺序是必须遵循的。
本文中为部件所编序号本身，例如“第一”、“第二”等，仅用于区分所描述的对象，不具有任何顺序或技术含义。而本申请所说“连接”、“联接”，如无特别说明，均包括直接和间接连接(联接)。
请参考图1，一个实施例中，超声弹性测量装置100包括超声探头101、振动控制模块103、发射/接收控制器104、发射和接收模块105、回波处理模块106、数据处理器107、显示模块108和控制器109。发射/接收控制器104通过发射和接收模块105与超声探头101信号连接，超声探头101通过发射和接收模块105与回波处理模块106信号连接，回波处理模块106的输出端与数据处理器107信号连接，数据处理器107的输出端与显示模块108信号连接。超声探头101包括换能器1011和振动器1012。
振动器1012安装在超声探头101上，例如安装在超声探头101的外壳上，或者设置在超声探头101的外壳内，和换能器以及其它探头部件组装成一体式的超声探头。振动器用于从振动控制模块103获取振动序列，根据振动序列驱动换能器振动，例如振动器自身根据振动序列振 动并带动换能器振动；或者振动器自身不振动，而是通过根据振动序列运动的伸缩部件或旋转部件驱动换能器振动。该振动在超声探头接触生物组织时导致生物组织产生形变，同时也在生物组织内部产生向组织内部纵深方向传播的剪切波。振动器1012按照一个振动序列完成的驱动过程称为一次振动，当振动控制模块103输出下一个振动序列时，振动器1012开始下一次振动。
振动控制模块103与振动器信号连接，用于产生振动序列，振动序列包括波形、频率、幅度、时长等参数。
换能器1011包括阵列式排布的多个阵元，多个阵元排列成一排构成线阵，或排布成二维矩阵构成面阵，多个阵元也可以构成凸阵列。阵元用于根据激励电信号发射超声波，或将接收的超声波变换为电信号。因此每个阵元可用于向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，也可用于接收经组织返回的超声波回波。在进行超声检测时，可通过发射时序和接收控制信号控制哪些阵元用于发射超声波，哪些阵元用于接收超声波，或者控制阵元分时隙用于发射超声波或接收超声回波。参与超声波发射的阵元可以同时被电信号激励，从而同时发射超声波；或者参与超声波束发射的阵元也可以被具有一定时间间隔的若干电信号激励，从而持续发射具有一定时间间隔的超声波。
本实施例中，在同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测的模式下，多个阵元的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，根据发射时序，发射的超声波可用于应变检测，或者可用于振动弹性检测，或者可用于两者的检测。多个阵元的部分或者全部接收该超声波的回波，该超声回波可用于应变检测和振动弹性检测。
如图2a所示为一种超声探头截面示意图，多个阵元以二维矩阵式排布在超声探头101上，构成面阵列，上面方框111中的一排阵元用于发射超声波，其中，阵元111a、111b、111c、111d、111e、111f用于发射用于检测生物组织形变的超声波，阵元111c、111d用于发射适用于检测剪切波的超声波。下面方框112中的一排阵元用于接收超声回波，其中，阵元112a、112b、112c、112d、112e、112f用于接收用于检测生物组织形变的超声波，阵元112c、112d用于接收适用于检测剪切波的超声波。当然，在其它实施例中，也可以是阵元111a、111b、111c、111d用于发射用于检测生物组织形变的超声波，阵元112a、112b、112c、 112d接收用于检测生物组织形变的超声波，而阵元111e、111f用于发射适用于检测剪切波的超声波，阵元112e、112f用于接收适用于检测剪切波的超声波。
如图2b所示，多个阵元也可以排布成线阵列的超声探头，换能器1011上多个阵元的部分或者全部可用于发射超声波或接收超声回波。例如，在第一时刻，部分或者全部阵元作为发射超声波束，例如U1-U6用作发射，而在第二时刻，部分或者全部阵元作为接收超声波束的回波，例如U7-U12可以用作接收。更进一步地，不同时刻用作发射或者接收的阵元可以重叠，也就是说，在第一时刻，U1-U9用作发射，而在第二时刻，U4-U12可以用作接收。
发射/接收控制器104用于产生发射时序和接收控制信号，发射时序用于控制多个阵元中的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，发射时序参数包括发射用的阵元数和超声波发射参数(例如幅度、频率、发波次数、发射间隔、发波角度、波型等)。接收控制信号用于控制多个阵元中的部分或者全部接收超声波经组织后的回波，接收控制信号参数包括接收用的阵元数以及回波的接收参数(例如接收的角度、深度等)。对超声回波的用途不同或根据超声回波生成的图像不同，发射时序中的超声波参数和接收控制信号中的回波参数也有所不同。
在本实施例中，发射/接收控制器104向超声探头输出的发射时序包括第一发射时序104a和第二发射时序104c，第一发射时序用于控制相应的阵元发射用于检测生物组织形变的超声波，第二发射时序用于控制相应的阵元发射适用于检测剪切波的超声波。发射/接收控制器104向超声探头输出的接收控制信号包括第一接收控制信号104b和第二接收控制信号104d，第一接收控制信号用于控制相应的阵元接收用于应变检测的超声回波，第二接收控制信号用于控制相应的阵元接收用于检测振动弹性的超声回波。在第一和第二发射时序中，分别定义了发射超声波的阵元位置和数量以及发射参数；在第一和第二接收控制信号，分别定义了接收回波的阵元位置和数量以及接收参数。超声探头根据发射时序和接收控制信号的定义，其阵元中至少一部分用于发射超声波，至少一部分用于接收超声回波；用于发射超声波的阵元中有的用于发射用于检测生物组织形变的超声波，有的用于发射适用于检测剪切波的超声波，发射前者超声波和发射后者超声波的阵元可以有交集，也可以没有交集； 用于接收超声回波的阵元中有的用于接收用于应变检测的超声回波，有的用于接收用于检测振动弹性的超声回波，同样，接收前者回波和接收后者回波的阵元可以有交集，也可以没有交集。
发射和接收模块103连接在超声探头和发射时序控制模块102、回波处理模块104之间，用于将发射时序控制模块102的发射时序传输给超声探头101，并将超声探头101接收的超声回波101a传输给回波处理模块104。
控制器109分别与发射/接收控制器104和振动控制模块103信号连接，主要用于控制发射/接收控制器104和振动控制模块103的输出时序。当控制器109接收到用户输入的同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测的操作指令时，控制器109控制振动控制模块103输出振动序列，振动器根据振动序列开始一次振动，同时控制器109控制发射/接收控制器104输出第一发射时序和第一接收控制信号、第二发射时序和第二接收控制信号，第一发射时序和第一接收控制信号、第二发射时序和第二接收控制信号可以同时输出，也可以先后输出，例如，先输出第一发射时序和第一接收控制信号，然后再输出第二发射时序和第二接收控制信号，超声探头分别根据第一发射时序和第一接收控制信号以及第二发射时序和第二接收控制信号发射超声波并接收回波。这种情况下，超声探头针对于一次振动同时或先后发射应变检测的超声波和检测剪切波的超声波。在有的具体实施例中，超声探头针对于不同次振动发射应变检测的超声波或发射振动弹性检测的超声波。例如，当控制器109接收到用户输入同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测的操作指令时，控制器109控制振动控制模块103输出一个振动序列，振动器根据振动序列开始第一次振动，同时控制器109控制发射/接收控制器104输出第一发射时序和第一接收控制信号，超声探头根据第一发射时序和第一接收控制信号发射超声波并接收回波；然后控制器109控制振动控制模块103再输出一个振动序列，振动器根据振动序列开始第二次振动，控制器109控制发射/接收控制器104输出第二发射时序和第二接收控制信号，超声探头根据第二发射时序和第二接收控制信号发射超声波并接收回波。当然，超声探头也可以针对第一次振动发射振动弹性检测的超声波，而针对第二次振动发射应变检测的超声波。另外，这种检测还可以依次循环进行，从而实现检测结果的实时更新。
如图2c所示，在同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测的模式下，在一个周期T内，控制器109先控制振动控制模块103输出振动序列V1，振动器根据振动序列V1驱动换能器进行应变检测的振动，图中以方波来代替振动序列进行示例性说明，当然振动序列也可以是正弦波、三角波等。控制器109在控制振动控制模块103输出振动序列V1后，控制发射/接收控制器输出第一发射/接收控制信号T1(这里的发射/接收控制信号包括发射时序和接收控制信号，下文同)，换能器根据第一发射/接收控制信号T1在第一预定时间段内发射第一超声波，第一超声波用于应变检测，并第一超声波的回波，获得用于应变检测的第一超声回波数据。然后控制器109再控制振动控制模块103输出振动序列V2，振动器根据振动序列V2驱动换能器进行振动弹性检测的振动。控制器109在控制振动控制模块103输出振动序列V2后，控制发射/接收控制器输出第二发射/接收控制信号T2，换能器根据第二发射/接收控制信号T2在第二预定时间段内发射第二超声波，第二超声波用于振动弹性检测，并接收第二超声波，获得用于振动弹性检测的第二超声回波数据。在具体实施例中，第一、第二发射/接收控制信号所定义的超声波发射频率可以相同，也可以不同。振动序列V1和振动序列V2之间可以具有一时间间隔t2，第一发射/接收控制信号T1和第二发射/接收控制信号T2之间可以具有一时间间隔t1。第一预定时间段与换能器做以应变检测为目的的振动期间可以相同，也可以不同；第二预定时间段为从换能器做以振动弹性检测为目的的振动开始后的第三预定时间段t3加振动结束后的第四预定时间段t4，即根据振动序列V2所进行的振动结束后，根据第二发射/接收控制信号T2所进行的超声波发射和接收仍持续一段时间。在有的实施例中，在一个周期内第二发射/接收控制信号所定义的超声波发射和接收持续时间大于第一发射/接收控制信号所定义的超声波发射和接收持续时间。
当然，在另外的实施例中，在一个周期T内，也可以先进行振动弹性的检测，再进行应变的检测，如图2d所示。
在有的实施例中，如图2e所示，振动序列V1和振动序列V2之间可以具有一时间间隔t2，第一发射/接收控制信号T1和第二发射/接收控制信号T2之间没有时间间隔。
在有的实施例中，控制器109还用于控制发射和接收模块103的连 接切换，以便将发射时序控制模块102的发射时序传输给超声探头101，并将超声探头101接收的超声回波传输给回波处理模块104。当然，本领域技术人员应当理解，控制器109也可以对超声弹性测量装置100中的其它部件进行控制。
回波处理模块106用于对超声回波进行处理，例如对超声回波进行滤波、放大、波束合成等处理。本实施例的超声回波中既包括用于应变检测的超声回波，也包括用于检测振动弹性的超声回波。
数据处理器107接收回波处理模块106处理后的回波信号，并采用相关算法得到所需要的参数或图像。本发明实施例中，数据处理器107包括应变弹性成像模块1071和振动弹性成像模块1072。应变弹性成像模块1071用于根据用于应变检测的超声回波计算应变式弹性结果，应变式弹性结果例如可以是弹性图像数据、应变量或应变率中的一个或多个。振动弹性成像模块1072用于根据用于检测振动弹性的超声回波计算振动弹性结果，振动弹性结果例如可以是剪切波弹性参数和/或剪切波轨迹，剪切波弹性参数包括剪切波传播速度、杨氏模量值或剪切模量值中的至少一个。在有的实施例中，数据处理器107还可以包括超声图像生成模块(图中未示出)，超声图像生成模块用于根据应变检测的超声回波生成各种超声图像，例如B模式图像。
显示模块108接收数据处理器107输出的各种可视化数据，在显示界面上显示各种图像、图形、图表、文字或数据，其中包括各种弹性参数、各种弹性图像和/或各种超声图像。
在本发明实施例中，超声探头在振动器的驱动下按照振动序列进行振动，一方面以机械振动代替了人手按压，提高了压力的一致性，使得成像的重复性和稳定性得以保证。另一方面，可通过超声探头的振动进行振动弹性检测，振动弹性的检测不再需要更换成单阵元探头，使得既可以检测感兴趣区域的应变弹性分布，也可以定量检测特定采样门处的弹性值。在其中一个实施例中，图2c、图2d和图2e中的振动序列V1和振动序列V2可以相同，也可以不同，例如振动序列V1的脉冲脉冲宽度长于振动序列V2的脉冲宽度。
下面以超声探头发射应变检测的超声波和检测剪切波的超声波所针对的振动是不同次振动为例来说明本实施例的控制和处理过程，如图3所示。
步骤10，当用户需要同时检测应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果时，用户可通过输入装置输入同时检测指令，进入同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测模式，基于响应于该同时检测指令，控制器在步骤11中控制振动控制模块输出第一振动序列。第一振动序列定义了在检测组织应变时振动器振动的波形、频率、幅度、时长等参数，例如第一振动序列定义产生频率为2Hz、幅度为0.5mm、时长为2s的正弦振动波形。
振动器按照第一振动序列定义的波形、频率、幅度开始第一次振动，并按照第一振动序列定义的时长结束第一次振动。
步骤12，控制器同时控制发射/接收控制器输出第一发射时序和第一接收控制信号。超声探头根据第一发射时序和第一接收控制信号发射超声波并接收回波。
步骤13，接收回波，回波处理模块对回波进行处理。
步骤14，应变弹性成像模块根据回波计算应变式弹性结果。
应变弹性成像模块根据组织发生形变前后的两帧超声回波数据，可确定出感兴趣区域在组织发生形变后的位置。位移计算方法可以有很多种，常见的算法比如block-matching的思路，如图4所示，即对于变化前后两帧回波数据，在其中一帧数据中选取某感兴趣区域的数据A、B，并在另一帧数据中不同位置进行搜索，找到与之最匹配的数据的位置A’、B’，则认为上述感兴趣区域移到了该位置，而两帧间的位置差即为上述感兴趣区域的位移量。
得到位移数据后，则可根据应变的定义，计算出感兴趣区域的应变M，即：
M＝ΔL/L
其中，L为感兴趣区域在组织形变前的长度，ΔL为感兴趣区域在组织发生形变后的长度变化量。
一个实施例中，应变弹性成像模块还可以根据应变生成感兴趣区域的应变弹性图像。根据胡克定律，应力＝应变*杨氏模量。杨氏模量是反映组织的硬度的常用物理量，因此在一定的压力下，组织越硬，其应变越小，组织越软，其应变越大。探头接触面良好时，可以认为目标组织的受力是均匀的。因此，应变分布图像即可反映组织间的软硬差异。
步骤15，在完成第一次振动后，控制器控制振动控制模块输出第二振动序列。第二振动序列定义了在检测剪切波时振动器振动的波形、频 率、幅度、时长等参数，例如一振动序列定义产生频率为50Hz、幅度为1mm、时长为1个周期的正弦振动波形。
振动器按照第二振动序列定义的波形、频率、幅度开始第二次振动，并按照第二振动序列定义的时长结束第二次振动。
振动器在振动时除了导致组织形变外，由于组织之间的粘连，还在组织内部产生向组织内部纵深方向传播的剪切波。剪切波传播经过时，相应位置的组织会产生位移，剪切波传播通过后，该位移量会逐渐减小并消失。
步骤16，控制器同时控制发射/接收控制器输出第二发射时序和第二接收控制信号。超声探头101根据第二发射时序和第二接收控制信号发射超声波1091并接收回波。为检测剪切波，要求超声探头能够持续一段时间向组织内发射超声脉冲并接收回波信号。
步骤17，接收回波，回波处理模块对回波进行处理。
步骤18，振动弹性成像模块根据回波计算振动弹性结果。振动弹性结果可以是剪切波弹性参数，例如剪切波传播速度、杨氏模量值和/或剪切模量值，振动弹性结果也可以是剪切波轨迹。例如振动弹性结果可用以下方法计算：
振动弹性成像模块根据所接收的回波信号，可以将剪切波传播路径上某点的位移量计算出来，当该点的位移最大时，认为剪切波到达了该点。通过剪切波到达各点的时间可定位出剪切波的传播路径或传播轨迹，从而可绘制出剪切波轨迹图，如图5所示，根据剪切波的轨迹线可得到剪切波传播路径上各点的斜率，斜率即为剪切波的传播速度。
对于各向同性的弹性体，剪切波传播速度与杨氏模量、剪切模量间有以下近似的关系：
E＝3ρc 2＝3G
其中，c表示剪切波速度，ρ表示组织密度，E表示组织的杨氏模量值，G表示组织的剪切模量。通常情况下，ρ取值为水的密度值，因此，当得到剪切波传播速度后，可进一步计算出其他弹性相关参数，比如杨氏模量、剪切模量等。
步骤19，显示实时的应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。例如，显示模块在显示界面上同时显示应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果，如图6a、 6b、6c所示，在显示界面304上，应变式弹性结果以应变分布图像301的方式呈现，在应变分布图像301中还可通过不同的颜色、灰度或填充方式标识出第一硬度属性组织3011和第二硬度属性组织3012，同时还可在应变分布图像301中显示采样门3013。第一属性硬度组织与第二属性硬度组织在应变图像上成像的像素属性完全不同，在应变分布图上可以区分。第一属性硬度组织与第二属性硬度组织内部的弹性值也可能不同，也可能相同，但对于第一属性硬度组织与第二属性硬度组织，以及它们内部的任何一个区域，在应变分布图上都无法获得定量弹性测量结果。本实施例中，通过在测量应变时同时检测振动弹性，即可测量应变分布图上的某个区域的振动弹性值，在弹性值显示区域302会显示采样门位置处的振动弹性测量值，振动弹性测量值也可以通过各种方式呈现，在图6a中，振动弹性结果以数字的方式呈现，例如E＝27kPa或者Cs＝3m/s，在图6b中，振动弹性结果以填充色彩或者做色彩条的方式来显示。例如，在弹性值显示区内显示带刻度的彩色变化条，用于展现采样门沿测量深度方向上的硬度变化的量化分析情况。图中采样门选择在第二硬度属性组织内部，当然也可以是选择在第一硬度属性组织内部，采样门的位置可以由用户自由选择。当然采样门也可以使用方框表示，用于表征方框内的振动弹性测量值，可以通过计算方框内各个点的弹性测量值的均值、均方差以及方差等等统计指标来表征整个方框所对应的弹性测量值进行显示，如图6c所示。
本实施例中，当超声探头针对于不同次振动依次轮流发射应变检测的超声波和发射振动弹性检测的超声波时，即进行周期性检测时，应变弹性成像模块和振动弹性成像模块也基于接收的超声回波进行实时计算，显示模块在显示界面上显示实时更新的应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。
在有的实施例中，数据处理器还根据用于应变检测的超声回波生成超声图像，例如B图像或C图像。如图6a-6c所示，显示模块也可以在显示界面上同时显示超声图像303，超声图像303可以与应变分布图像301按照平铺的方式左右或上下并排显示，或层叠显示，或超声图像303覆盖应变分布图像301的一部分，反之亦可。在超声图像303上可选择感兴趣区域305，在应变分布图像区域显示感兴趣区域305的应变分布图像301。
步骤20，判断是否完成循环，如果是，则结束检测，否则转向步骤11，开始下一循环的检测，每次检测完可实时更新显示的应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。循环次数可根据需要设定为一次或多次。
上述步骤中，在一个循环中也可以先进行剪切波检测，然后再进行应变弹性的检测。
另外，在有的具体实施例中，振动器振动和超声探头发射超声波也可以不是同时，而是先后，例如控制器先控制超声探头发射超声波，然后再控制振动器振动，只是后续数据处理时所使用的回波数据是振动开始后的回波数据。因此这种情况下，超声探头需按照发射时序定义的发射间隔，持续发射超声波一段时间，例如持续到超声探头振动结束，而在检测剪切波时，要求持续发射超声波的时间更长。
在有的具体实施例中，第一次振动和第二次振动的振动序列也可以相同。一些实施例中，检测剪切波的振动波形的频率可以大于检测组织形变的振动波形的频率。
请参考图7，超声弹性测量装置200包括超声探头201、振动器202、振动控制模块203、发射/接收控制器204、发射和接收模块205、回波处理模块206、数据处理器207、显示模块208和控制器209，各模块的连接关系和实施例一中相同，不同的是，发射/接收控制器204在产生发射时序和接收控制信号中，基于对序列的标记来区分回波是用于检测生物组织形变还是适用于检测剪切波。例如，发射/接收控制器204向超声探头输出一个发射时序204a，该发射时序指定6个阵元用于发射超声波，但对于第1、2个序列标记为1，对第3、4个序列标记为0，第5、6个序列标记为1，如图8所示，标记为1的序列用于检测生物组织形变的超声波，标记为0的序列适用于检测剪切波的超声波。同样，发射/接收控制器204向超声探头输出的接收控制信号204b中也可以进行类似标记，当相应的阵元接收到回波时，按照接收控制信号的标记对回波数据进行标记。这种情况下，超声探头可针对于同一次振动同时发射应变检测的超声波和检测剪切波的超声波，而接收的回波数据中既包含用于应变检测的超声回波，也包含用于检测振动弹性的超声回波，只是不同的回波数据具有不同的标记，数据处理器根据不同的标记进行不同的处理，对于标记为1的回波数据由应变弹性成像模块2071根据回波数据计算应变式弹性结果，对于标记为0的回波数据由振动弹性成像模块2072根据回 波数据计算振动弹性结果。
本领域技术人员应当理解，标记为1的用于检测生物组织形变的序列也可以标记为0或其它类型的标记，而适用于检测剪切波的序列也可以标记为1或其它类型的标记，或者用于检测生物组织形变和检测剪切波的两种序列中一种有标记，而另一种没有标记。或者发射时序没有标记，而接收控制信号有标记，总之只要能够在回波数据中识别出哪些是应变检测的超声回波，哪些是检测剪切波的超声回波即可。
一个实施例中，用户可以先后输入两次检测指令，其具体的操作流程如图9所示，包括以下步骤：
步骤30，接收用户输入的进行应变检测的指令，进入应变检测模式。
步骤31，振动控制模块向振动器输出用于应变检测的振动序列。振动器根据用于应变检测的振动序列驱动超声探头的换能器振动，该振动在超声探头接触生物组织时导致生物组织产生形变，用于应变检测。
步骤32，发射/接收控制器向超声探头输出发射时序和接收控制信号。超声探头根据发射时序控制多个阵元的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，根据接收控制信号控制多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述超声波的回波，获得用于应变检测的超声回波数据。
步骤32，数据处理器根据应变检测的超声回波计算应变式弹性结果。
步骤34，接收用户输入的进行振动弹性检测的指令，进入振动弹性检测模式。
步骤35，向振动器输出用于振动弹性检测的振动序列。振动器根据用于振动弹性检测的振动序列驱动超声探头的换能器振动，所述振动在生物组织内部产生向组织内部纵深方向传播的剪切波。
步骤36，向超声探头输出发射时序和接收控制信号。，超声探头根据发射时序控制多个阵元的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，根据接收控制信号控制多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述超声波的回波，获得用于振动弹性检测的超声回波数据。
步骤37，数据处理器根据振动弹性检测的超声回波计算振动弹性结果。
步骤38，接收用户输入的同时显示指令。
步骤39，显示模块在显示界面上同时显示应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。
在其它的实施例中，也可以先检测振动弹性，再检测应变，然后在显示界面上同时显示应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。
本实施例中，步骤31通过振动器驱动超声探头振动以引起生物组织产生形变，在另外的实施例中，也可以通过用户手动按压组织的方式引起组织产生形变，以便进行后续的应变检测。
在上述实施例的改进实施例中，超声探头还可以包括压力传感器，压力传感器的输出端与数据处理器信号连接。压力传感器用于感知压力，例如，压力传感器用于检测振动器对换能器的驱动力或探头对组织的压力，并将感知的压力反馈给数据处理器，数据处理器根据该压力对不同时间检测的应变进行归一化，比如时间t1，对应的应变量为S1，压力大小约为F1，时间t2，对应的应变量为S2，压力大小约为F2，则可以对时间2的应变结果进行归一化S2_new＝S2*F1/F2。
在其它的实施例中，超声弹性测量装置也可以不采用控制器来控制振动控制模块和发射/接收控制器的输出时序，而是将发射/接收控制器和振动控制模块信号连接，当振动控制模块输出振动序列时，发射/接收控制器即输出发射时序和接收控制信号。
本申请中所涉及的功能既可通过上述实施例中描述的程序的方式实现，也可通过硬件的方式实现，例如通过门电路搭建成专用集成电路。本领域技术人员可以理解，上述实施方式中各种程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，存储介质可以包括：只读存储器、随机存储器、磁盘或光盘等，数据处理器可通过执行程序实现上述功能。
本文参照了各种示范实施例进行说明。然而，本领域的技术人员将认识到，在不脱离本文范围的情况下，可以对示范性实施例做出改变和修正。例如，各种操作步骤以及用于执行操作步骤的组件，可以根据特定的应用或考虑与系统的操作相关联的任何数量的成本函数以不同的方式实现(例如一个或多个步骤可以被删除、修改或结合到其他步骤中)。
另外，如本领域技术人员所理解的，本文的原理可以反映在计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序产品中，该可读存储介质预装有计算机可读程序代码。任何有形的、非暂时性的计算机可读存储介质皆可被使用，包括磁存储设备(硬盘、软盘等)、光学存储设备(CD-ROM、DVD、Blu Ray盘等)、闪存和/或诸如此类。这些计算机程序指令可被加载到通用计算机、专用计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上以形成机器，使得这些在 计算机上或其他可编程数据处理装置上执行的指令可以生成实现指定的功能的装置。这些计算机程序指令也可以存储在计算机可读存储器中，该计算机可读存储器可以指示计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定的方式运行，这样存储在计算机可读存储器中的指令就可以形成一件制造品，包括实现指定功能的实现装置。计算机程序指令也可以加载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生一个计算机实现的进程，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令可以提供用于实现指定功能的步骤。
虽然在各种实施例中已经示出了本文的原理，但是许多特别适用于特定环境和操作要求的结构、布置、比例、元件、材料和部件的修改可以在不脱离本披露的原则和范围内使用。以上修改和其他改变或修正将被包含在本文的范围之内。
前述具体说明已参照各种实施例进行了描述。然而，本领域技术人员将认识到，可以在不脱离本披露的范围的情况下进行各种修正和改变。因此，对于本披露的考虑将是说明性的而非限制性的意义上的，并且所有这些修改都将被包含在其范围内。同样，有关于各种实施例的优点、其他优点和问题的解决方案已如上所述。然而，益处、优点、问题的解决方案以及任何能产生这些的要素，或使其变得更明确的解决方案都不应被解释为关键的、必需的或必要的。本文中所用的术语“包括”和其任何其他变体，皆属于非排他性包含，这样包括要素列表的过程、方法、文章或设备不仅包括这些要素，还包括未明确列出的或不属于该过程、方法、系统、文章或设备的其他要素。此外，本文中所使用的术语“耦合”和其任何其他变体都是指物理连接、电连接、磁连接、光连接、通信连接、功能连接和/或任何其他连接。
具有本领域技术的人将认识到，在不脱离本发明的基本原理的情况下，可以对上述实施例的细节进行许多改变。因此，本发明的范围应仅由以下权利要求确定。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种超声弹性测量装置，其特征在于包括：
    发射/接收控制器，用于产生发射时序和接收控制信号，并将发射时序和接收控制信号输出至超声探头；
    振动控制模块，其与振动器信号连接，用于产生振动序列并输出至振动器；
    超声探头，所述超声探头包括振动器和换能器，所述换能器包括多个阵元；
    所述振动器获取所述振动序列，根据振动序列驱动换能器振动，所述振动产生向感兴趣区域的生物组织内部纵深方向传播的剪切波；
    所述多个阵元的部分或者全部受所述发射时序的控制，向所述剪切波途经的位置发射第一超声波来检测所述剪切波，向所述生物组织发射第二超声波来检测因外力导致的所述生物组织的形变；
    所述接收控制信号控制所述多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述第一超声波的回波，获得用于振动弹性检测的超声回波数据，控制所述多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述第二超声波的回波，获得用于应变检测的超声回波数据；
    数据处理器，所述数据处理器用于根据用于应变检测的超声回波数据计算应变式弹性结果，根据用于振动弹性检测的超声回波数据计算振动弹性结果。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述振动序列包含：弹性振动序列和应变振动序列，所述振动器根据弹性振动序列驱动换能器产生弹性检测振动，用以在生物组织内部纵深方向传播的剪切波；所述振动器根据应变振动序列驱动换能器产生应变检测振动，用以导致所述生物组织形变。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述应变检测振动和弹性检测振动之间具有时间间隔。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，应变振动序列的参数和弹性振动序列的参数不同。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述换能器针对应变检测振动发射第二超声波，针对弹性检测振动发射第一超声波，并接收相应的回波。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发射时序包括第一发射时序和第二发射时序，第一发射时序用于控制所述多个阵元的部分或者全部在第一预定时间段内发射第一超声波，第二发射时序用于控制所述多个阵元的部分或者全部在第二预定时间段内发射第二超声波。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，第一预定时间段与弹性振动序列的振动期间相同；第二预定时间段为应变振动序列的振动期间开始后的第三预定时间段加振动结束后的第四预定时间段。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，第一预定时间段和第二预定时间段之间满足以下条件之一：
    第一预定时间段和第二预定时间段之间具有时间间隔，
    第一预定时间段和第二预定时间段之间时间间隔为零，和，
    第一预定时间段和第二预定时间段之间具有时间重叠。
  9. 如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一超声波和第二超声波的成像参数相同。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述数据处理器将以应变检测为目的的振动期间接收的超声回波作为应变检测的超声回波，将以振动弹性检测为目的的振动期间以及振动结束后预定时间段内接收的超声回波作为振动弹性检测的超声回波；或所述换能器对接收的应变检测的超声回波和振动弹性检测的超声回波进行区别性标记。
  11. 如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，弹性振动序列和应变振动序列共用一个随时间变化的振动序列。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述换能器针对于一次振动同时或先后发射应变检测的超声波和振动弹性检测的超声波。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述换能器针对于一次振动发射一持续的超声波。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述换能器对接收的应变检测的超声回波和用于振动弹性检测的超声回波进行区别性标记。
  15. 如权利要求1-14中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，振动控制模块在同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测模式下周期性产生振动序列，所述换能器针对周期性振动周期性地发射超声波并接收回波。
  16. 如权利要求1-14中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括 控制器，所述控制器分别与振动控制模块和发射/接收控制器信号连接，用于控制发射/接收控制信号和振动序列的输出时序。
  17. 如权利要求1-14中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，发射/接收控制器和振动控制模块信号连接，发射/接收控制器在振动控制模块输出振动序列时输出发射时序和接收控制信号。
  18. 如权利要求1-14中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括显示模块，显示模块用于在显示界面上同时显示应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述数据处理器还根据用于应变检测的超声回波生成超声图像，所述显示模块还用于显示超声图像。
  20. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述换能器具有第一侧面和第二侧面，所述第一侧面用于向生物组织发射超声波束，所述振动器位于换能器的第二侧面。
  21. 一种超声弹性测量装置，其特征在于包括：
    超声探头，所述超声探头包括振动器和换能器，所述换能器包括多个阵元，所述阵元用于在应变检测模式下向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，并接收由生物组织返回的用于应变检测的超声回波；和在振动弹性检测模式下向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，并接收由生物组织返回的用于振动弹性检测的超声回波数据；所述振动器用于获取振动序列，根据振动序列驱动换能器振动，所述振动在超声探头接触生物组织时导致生物组织产生形变和产生向生物组织内部纵深方向传播的剪切波；
    振动控制模块，其与振动器信号连接，用于至少在振动弹性检测模式下产生用于振动弹性检测的振动序列并输出至振动器；
    发射/接收控制器，用于产生发射时序和接收控制信号，并将发射时序和接收控制信号输出至超声探头，所述发射时序用于控制所述多个阵元的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，所述接收控制信号用于控制所述多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述超声波的回波；
    数据处理器，所述数据处理器用于根据应变检测的超声回波计算应变式弹性结果，根据振动弹性检测的超声回波计算振动弹性结果；
    显示模块，用于当用户输入同时显示指令时在显示界面上同时显示 应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。
  22. 如权利要求1或20所述的装置，其特征在于，应变式弹性结果包括弹性图像数据、应变量或应变率中的至少一个，振动弹性结果包括剪切波弹性参数和/或剪切波轨迹，剪切波弹性参数包括剪切波传播速度、杨氏模量值或剪切模量值中的至少一个。
  23. 如权利要求1或20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述超声探头还包括压力传感器，压力传感器的输出端与数据处理器信号连接，用于将感知的压力反馈给数据处理器。
  24. 如权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，振动控制模块还用于在应变检测模式下产生用于应变检测的振动序列并输出至振动器。
  25. 一种超声弹性测量方法，其特征在于包括：
    接收用户输入的同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测的指令，进入同时进行应变检测和振动弹性检测模式；
    向振动器输出振动序列；
    振动器根据振动序列驱动超声探头的换能器振动，所述振动在超声探头接触生物组织时导致生物组织产生形变和产生向生物组织内部纵深方向传播的剪切波；
    向超声探头输出发射时序和接收控制信号；
    超声探头根据发射时序控制多个阵元的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，根据接收控制信号控制多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述超声波的回波，获得用于应变检测的超声回波数据和用于振动弹性检测的超声回波数据；
    数据处理器根据用于应变检测的超声回波计算应变式弹性结果，根据用于振动弹性检测的超声回波计算振动弹性结果。
  26. 如权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于，振动序列包括用于应变检测的振动序列和用于振动弹性检测振动序列，所述振动器根据振动序列驱动超声探头分别做以应变检测和振动弹性检测为目的的振动；所述超声探头针对应变检测的振动发射应变检测的超声波，针对振动弹性检测的振动发射振动弹性检测的超声波，并接收相应的回波；或所述超声探头针对以应变检测和振动弹性检测为目的的振动发射一持续的超声波，并接收超声回波。
  27. 如权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于还包括，在显示界面 上同时显示应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。
  28. 如权利要求23所述的方法，其特征在于，所述振动序列用于控制超声探头周期性振动，所述发射时序和接收控制信号用于控制超声探头针对周期性振动周期性地发射超声波并接收回波。
  29. 一种超声弹性测量方法，其特征在于，包括：
    所述应变检测步骤包括：
    接收用户输入的进行应变检测的指令，进入应变检测模式；
    在生物组织产生形变的状态下向超声探头输出发射时序和接收控制信号；
    超声探头根据发射时序控制多个阵元的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，根据接收控制信号控制多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述超声波的回波，获得用于应变检测的超声回波数据；
    数据处理器根据应变检测的超声回波计算应变式弹性结果；
    所述振动弹性检测步骤包括：
    接收用户输入的进行振动弹性检测的指令，进入振动弹性检测模式；
    向振动器输出用于振动弹性检测的振动序列；
    振动器根据用于振动弹性检测的振动序列驱动超声探头的换能器振动，所述振动产生向生物组织内部纵深方向传播的剪切波；
    向超声探头输出发射时序和接收控制信号；
    超声探头根据发射时序控制多个阵元的部分或者全部向感兴趣区域的生物组织发射超声波，根据接收控制信号控制多个阵元的部分或者全部接收所述超声波的回波，获得用于振动弹性检测的超声回波数据；
    数据处理器根据振动弹性检测的超声回波计算振动弹性结果；
    同时显示步骤包括：
    接收用户输入的同时显示指令；
    在显示界面上同时显示应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。
  30. 如权利要求28所述的方法，其特征在于，生物组织产生形变的方式包括：
    向振动器输出用于应变检测的振动序列；
    振动器根据用于应变检测的振动序列驱动超声探头的换能器振动，所述振动在超声探头接触生物组织时导致生物组织产生形变。
  31. 一种超声弹性测量方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在生物组织内产生形变；
    通过超声探头向所述生物组织发射超声波并接收超声回波，获得产生所述形变之前和产生所述形变之后来自于所述生物组织的用于应变检测的超声回波数据；
    根据所述用于应变检测的超声回波数据计算应变式弹性结果；
    在所述生物组织内产生在所述生物组织的纵深方向传播的剪切波；
    通过超声探头向所述生物组织内发射超声波以跟踪所述剪切波的传播，并接收超声回波，获得用于振动弹性检测的超声回波数据；
    根据所述用于振动弹性检测的超声回波计算振动弹性结果；
    同时显示应变式弹性结果和振动弹性结果。
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CN114748095A (zh) * 2022-04-12 2022-07-15 深圳欢影医疗科技有限公司 一种多模态超声弹性成像方法及其系统

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