WO2019196843A1 - 浮动装置、换电设备和换电站 - Google Patents

浮动装置、换电设备和换电站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019196843A1
WO2019196843A1 PCT/CN2019/081961 CN2019081961W WO2019196843A1 WO 2019196843 A1 WO2019196843 A1 WO 2019196843A1 CN 2019081961 W CN2019081961 W CN 2019081961W WO 2019196843 A1 WO2019196843 A1 WO 2019196843A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
floating
plate
fixed bottom
bottom plate
connection structure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/081961
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林海岩
李楠
田小涛
丁习坤
刘俊
马永跃
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority to EP19785075.3A priority Critical patent/EP3778322A4/en
Publication of WO2019196843A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019196843A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle replacement, and in particular to a floating device, a power changing device and a power exchange.
  • the power changing device and the vehicle body need to be positioned, so that the full battery pack is aligned with the installation position.
  • the position of the vehicle or the power changing device needs to be adjusted, but in the vehicle When positioning or adjusting the power-changing equipment, it is inevitable that there will be errors.
  • the target object needs to be freely floatable, that is, the contact surface of the power-changing device and the battery pack and the supporting surface contacting the vehicle are floatable. It is usually done with a floating device.
  • existing floating devices have at least the following disadvantages:
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a floating device, a power changing device and a power exchange station, which has a simple structure, a low height, can float in any direction in the horizontal plane, and has a large floating range.
  • a floating device including:
  • the fixed bottom plate and the floating plate are disposed face to face, and the floating plate is used for supporting a target object;
  • the floating plate is provided with a pair of the suspension columns
  • One end of the connecting portion is connected to the hanging column, and the other end is connected to the fixed bottom plate;
  • the floating plate can float relative to the fixed bottom plate.
  • one end of the suspension column is provided with a cross bar, and one end of the connecting portion is connected to the cross bar;
  • the other end of the suspension column is fixedly connected to the floating plate.
  • the connecting portion includes a suspension chain and a first floating connection structure and a second floating connection structure respectively located at two ends of the suspension chain, wherein
  • the first floating connection structure is connected to the cross bar, and the second floating connection structure is in floating contact with the floating plate;
  • the connecting portion further includes a connecting plate, a floating gap is disposed between the fixed bottom plate and the floating plate, the connecting plate is fixed in the floating gap, and the fixed bottom plate and the floating plate
  • the second floating connection structure is disposed in the connecting plate in a face-to-face arrangement and in contact with the two.
  • first floating connection structure and the second floating connection structure each include one or more universal ball structures, and the universal ball structures at both ends of the suspension chain are disposed back to back, respectively, and the cross bar and the connecting plate are respectively Rotatingly connected.
  • the fixed bottom plate is provided with a card slot corresponding to each of the connecting plates, and one end of the hanging chain is connected to the second floating connecting structure through the card slot.
  • the floating plate is a frame structure.
  • the floating plate is provided with two pairs of hanging columns, and the two pairs of hanging columns are respectively disposed at three equal points of the edge of the floating plate.
  • the floating device further includes one or more locking portions for locking the floating plate when the target is adjusted to the target position.
  • a power changing apparatus including the floating device.
  • a power station including the power changing apparatus.
  • the floating device, the power changing device and the power exchange device of the invention can achieve considerable technical progress and practicability, and have extensive industrial use value, and at least have the following advantages:
  • the floating device of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low installation height and small space occupation; the floating connection structure is adopted at both ends of the connecting portion, so that the floating plate can float in any direction in the horizontal plane with respect to the fixed bottom plate, and the floating range is large.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a floating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of Figure 1A-A;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a connecting portion of a floating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a connecting portion of a floating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a floating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power changing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a floating device as shown in FIG. 1 , includes: a fixed bottom plate 1 , a floating plate 2 , a hanging column 3 and a connecting portion 4 , wherein the fixed bottom plate 1 and the floating plate 2 are disposed face to face, and the floating plate 2 is used for supporting the target object,
  • the target is an object to be aligned or positioned, for example, when the floating device is applied to a power changing device in a power station, such as when applied to a power changing trolley, the target is a battery pack.
  • the floating plate 2 is provided with a pair of suspension studs 3, and as an example, each pair of suspension studs 3 may be disposed on the floating plate 2 face-to-face along the edge of the fixed bottom plate 1.
  • the floating device has a simple structure, a low installation height, and a small space occupied.
  • the floating plate 2 can float in any direction in the horizontal plane with respect to the fixed bottom plate 1 and has a large floating range.
  • the floating plate 2 When the target on the floating plate 2 is not subjected to an external force or the target is evacuated from the floating plate, the floating plate 2 will return to the initial position by its own weight, thereby automatically resetting, and the next target is placed when the floating plate 2 floats. The floating device will maintain the original amount of floating.
  • one end of the suspension column 3 is provided with a cross bar 31 having an L-shaped structure, and one end of the connecting portion 4 is connected to the cross bar 31.
  • the other end of the suspension column 3 is fixedly connected to the floating plate 2, and may be fixedly connected by welding, riveting, bolting or the like.
  • the connecting portion 4 includes a hanging chain 41 and a first floating connecting structure 42 and a second floating connecting structure 43 respectively located at two ends of the hanging chain 41, wherein the first floating connecting structure 42 connects the cross bar 31, and the second floating connecting structure 43 and the floating The plate 2 is in floating contact; when the floating plate 2 floats relative to the fixed base plate 1, the suspension chain 41 swings therewith.
  • both ends of the suspension chain 41 are connected by a floating connection structure.
  • the component mechanism of the connecting portion 3 can reduce the length of the connecting portion 2, thereby reducing the space occupied by the floating device, and further ensuring that the floating plate 2 can float in any direction with respect to the fixed bottom plate 1 in a horizontal plane. And the floating range is large.
  • the floating range of the floating plate 2 relative to the fixed bottom plate 1 is further increased, and a floating gap 5 is provided between the fixed bottom plate 1 and the floating plate 2, and the connecting portion 4 can also be
  • the connecting plate 44 is included, and the connecting plate 44 is fixed in the floating gap 5.
  • the connecting plate 44 is disposed facing the fixed bottom plate 1 and the floating plate 2, and the upper surface of the connecting plate 44 is in contact with the upper surface of the fixed bottom plate 1, and the lower surface is The lower surface of the floating plate 2 is in contact with each other.
  • the second floating connection structure 43 is disposed in the connecting plate 44, and the second floating structure 43 is in contact with the lower surface of the floating plate 2 through the connecting plate 44, thereby realizing the connecting plate. 4 Floating contact with the floating plate 2 allows the floating plate 2 to float in any direction in the horizontal plane with respect to the connecting plate 2 and the fixed bottom plate 1. It should be noted that the present example is described with reference to the state in which the floating device is placed in use, in which the ground is the bottom surface, the direction perpendicular to the ground is the vertical direction, and the component higher than the ground is located at the ground.
  • the floating board 2 is located above the connecting board 44, and the connecting board 44 is located above the fixed bottom board 1, the upper, lower, upper surface, lower surface, etc. in this example are used to explain this example Instructions are not limited to this.
  • the first floating connection structure 42 and the second floating connection structure 43 may each include one or more universal ball structures to realize a floating connection, and the universal ball structure at both ends of the suspension chain 41 is disposed back to back, that is, the universal ball hanging at both ends of the chain 41
  • the spherical surface of the structure is set opposite the department.
  • the universal ball structure of the first floating connection structure 1 is rotatably connected to the cross bar 31
  • the universal ball structure of the second floating connection structure 43 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 44
  • the universal ball of the second floating connection structure 43 The spherical surface of the structure is in contact with the lower surface of the floating plate 2 through the connecting plate 44, and the upper surface of the floating plate 2 is used for placing the object.
  • the fixed bottom plate 1 is provided with a card slot 11 corresponding to each connecting plate 44 for the connection portion 3 to pass through.
  • the card slot 11 can be a U-shaped groove, a square groove, etc., and only needs to meet the connection.
  • the portion of the portion 3 located in the card slot 11 can be swung with the floating of the floating plate 2.
  • one end of the suspension chain 41 is connected to the second floating connection structure 43 through the card slot 11, and the connection plate 44 is snapped onto the fixed base plate 1.
  • the structure of the floating plate 2 is not limited to the conventional solid plate-like structure, and may be set as a frame structure, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, so as to satisfy the requirement of supporting the object, and also reduce the floating device.
  • the weight reduces the material required to manufacture the floating device and reduces the production cost.
  • the hanging column arrangement 3 can be disposed at an intermediate position of the floating plate 2, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the floating plate 2 is provided with two pairs of hanging columns 3, and the two pairs of hanging columns 3 are respectively disposed at the edge of the floating plate 2. At the third bisector, this can reduce the area of the fixed bottom plate, save production costs, and prevent other components of the power changing device where the floating device is located from interfering with the hanging column 3.
  • the floating plate 2 is rectangular.
  • the structure, the hanging column 3 is distributed at the four vertices of the floating plate 2, and usually the power changing device will set the positioning structure and the like at the position or the position, and the interference may occur in the positioning structure and the like. Therefore, the suspension column setting 3 is disposed in the middle of the floating plate 2, which makes the design and layout of the power changing device and the power station more flexible.
  • the floating device further includes a locking portion (not shown), and the locking portion may be provided with one or more for locking the floating plate 2 when the target is adjusted to the target position, so that The floating plate 2 is immovable relative to the fixed bottom plate 1 in order to perform corresponding operations on the target object, for example, the floating device is disposed on the power changing device, and after the position of the battery bag is aligned with the power changing position, the lock is locked by the locking portion.
  • the floating plate 2 is tightly closed, so that the position of the battery pack is also fixed, so that the power-changing operation can be performed, and the power-changing precision and accuracy of the power-changing device are improved by the device.
  • the floating device may include four locking portions that are evenly distributed around the fixed bottom plate 1 in the circumferential direction, so that the floating plate 2 is kept in a stable state during the locking process, and the position of the target object is prevented from being minute. Move to improve the accuracy of target positioning and alignment, and further improve the accuracy of the power exchange process.
  • the locking portion may be an electromagnetic brake suction cup disposed above the floating plate 2, the brake suction cup faces the fixed bottom plate 1, and the fixed bottom plate 1 serves as a suction surface of the brake suction cup.
  • the floating plate 2 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the brake suction cup. During the locking process, the brake suction cup passes through the through hole to adsorb the fixed bottom plate 1, thereby locking the floating plate 2.
  • the electromagnetic brake suction cup can be controlled to suck or loosen the fixed bottom plate 1 by energizing or de-energizing the electromagnetic brake suction cup. In the released state, the locking portion can float following the floating of the floating plate 2.
  • the electromagnetic brake suction cup can also directly select the existing finished product, so the specific structural composition will not be described herein. It should be noted that the locking portion adopts the electromagnetic brake suction cup is only one embodiment. In other embodiments, other locking portions may be used to lock the floating plate 2 when the target reaches the preset position.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a power changing device M, which is an integral part of the power exchange device for transporting and replacing the battery pack, for example, a power exchange trolley.
  • the power changing device M can include the positioning device N according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery pack is placed on the floating device M.
  • the floating disk is driven to float, thereby adjusting the position of the battery pack.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a power exchange device, including one or more power changing devices M according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • the floating device of the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low installation height and small occupied space; the floating connection structure is adopted at both ends of the connecting portion 4, so that the floating plate 2 can float in any direction with respect to the fixed bottom plate 1 in a horizontal plane, and floats The scope is large.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种浮动装置，包括：固定底板（1），浮动板（2），悬挂立柱（3）和连接部（4）；固定底板（1）和浮动板（2）面对面设置；浮动板（2）用于支撑目标物；浮动板（2）上设置有一对以上悬挂立柱（3）；连接部（4）一端与悬挂立柱（3）相连接，另一端与固定底板（1）相连接；浮动板（2）可相对于固定底板（1）浮动。还提供了一种换电设备和换电站。该浮动装置结构简单，所占高度低，可沿水平面内任意方向浮动，且浮动范围大。

Description

浮动装置、换电设备和换电站 技术领域
本发明涉及电动汽车换电技术领域，尤其涉及一种浮动装置、换电设备和换电站。
背景技术
随着电动汽车的推广，如何及时有效地为电量不足的电动汽车提供电能补给已成为厂商和车主都非常关注的问题。通过建立换电站对电动汽车进行换电，即直接用满电的动力电池更换能量亏电的动力电池，能够在短时间内完成电动汽车电能的补给，因而换电方式是一种非常高效的电能补充方式。
在换电过程中，需要将换电设备与车身进行定位，从而使满电电池包与安装位置对准，在对准过程中，需要对车辆或换电设备的位置进行调整，但是在对车辆或换电设备等进行定位和调整时，难免还会存在误差，为了进一步进行微调定位，需要目标对象可以自由浮动，即需要换电设备与电池包接触面和与车辆接触的支撑面是可浮动的，通常再用浮动装置来完成。但是，现有的浮动装置至少存在以下缺点：
(1)不同方向的浮动范围不同，且各个方向的浮动范围较小；
(2)竖直方向占据较高的高度，造成整个浮动装置占用较高的安装高度，所占空间大，限制了整个换电站布局的多样性。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种浮动装置、换电设备和换电站，结构简单，所占高度低，可沿水平面内任意方向浮动，且浮动范围大。
为了达到上述技术效果，根据本发明一方面，提供了一种浮动装置，包括:
固定底板，浮动板，悬挂立柱和连接部，其中
所述固定底板和所述浮动板面对面设置，所述浮动板用于支撑目标物；
所述浮动板上设置有一对以上所述悬挂立柱；
所述连接部一端与所述悬挂立柱相连接，另一端与所述固定底板相连接；
其中，所述浮动板可相对于所述固定底板浮动。
进一步的，所述悬挂立柱的一端设有横杆，所述连接部的一端连接至 所述横杆；
所述悬挂立柱的另一端与所述浮动板固定连接。
进一步的，所述连接部包括悬挂链条和分别位于所述悬挂链条两端的第一浮动连接结构和第二浮动连接结构，其中，
所述第一浮动连接结构连接所述横杆，所述第二浮动连接结构与所述浮动板浮动接触；
所述浮动板相对于所述固定底板浮动时，所述悬挂链条随其摆动。
进一步的，所述连接部还包括连接板，所述固定底板和所述浮动板之间设有浮动间隙，所述连接板固定在所述浮动间隙中，与所述固定底板和所述浮动板面对面设置，且与两者相接触，所述第二浮动连接结构设于所述连接板中。
进一步的，所述第一浮动连接结构和第二浮动连接结构均包括一个或多个万向球结构，所述悬挂链条两端的万向球结构背对背设置，分别于所述横杆、连接板可转动地连接。
进一步的，所述固定底板上设有与每个所述连接板一一对应的卡槽，所述悬挂链条一端穿过所述卡槽与所述第二浮动连接结构相连接。
进一步的，所述浮动板为框架结构。
进一步的，所述浮动板上设置有两对悬挂立柱，且所述两对悬挂立柱分别设置在所述浮动板边缘的三等分点处。
进一步的，所述浮动装置还包括一个或多个锁紧部，用于当目标物调整到目标位置时，锁紧浮动板。
根据本发明另一方面，提供了一种换电设备，包括所述浮动装置。
根据本发明又一方面，提供了一种换电站，包括所述换电设备。
本发明与现有技术相比具有明显的优点和有益效果。借由上述技术方案，本发明一种浮动装置、换电设备和换电站可达到相当的技术进步性及实用性，并具有产业上的广泛利用价值，其至少具有下列优点：
本发明所述浮动装置结构简单，安装高度低，所占空间小；连接部两端采用浮动连接结构，使浮动板可相对于固定底板在水平面内沿任意方向浮动，且浮动范围大。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本发明的上述和其他目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举较佳实施例，并配合附图,详细说明如下。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例提供的浮动装置示意图；
图2为图1A-A局部剖视图；
图3为本发明一实施例提供的浮动装置的连接部立体图；
图4为本发明一实施例提供的浮动装置的连接部剖视图；
图5为本发明一实施例提供的浮动装置仰视图；
图6为本发明一实施例提供的换电设备示意图。
【符号说明】
1：固定底板              2：浮动板
3：悬挂立柱              4：连接部
31：横杆                 41:悬挂链条
42:第一浮动连接结构      43:第二浮动连接结构
44:连接板                5:浮动间隙
11：卡槽
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效,以下结合附图及较佳实施例，对依据本发明提出的一种浮动装置、换电设备和换电站的具体实施方式及其功效，详细说明如后。
一种浮动装置，如图1所示，包括:固定底板1，浮动板2，悬挂立柱3和连接部4，其中，固定底板1和浮动板2面对面设置，浮动板2用于支撑目标物，所述目标物为待对准或定位的对象，例如，当所述浮动装置应用于换电站中的换电设备，如应用于换电小车时，所述目标物为电池包。浮动板2上设置有一对以上的悬挂立柱3，作为示例，每对悬挂立柱3可沿固定底板1的边缘面对面设置在浮动板2上。连接部4一端与悬挂立柱3相连接，另一端与固定底板1相连接；浮动板2可相对于固定底板1浮动。所述浮动装置结构简单，安装高度低，所占空间小，浮动板2可相对于固定底板1在水平面内沿任意方向浮动，且浮动范围大。
当浮动板2上的目标物不受外力作用，或是将目标物撤离浮动板时，浮动板2将通过自重回到初始位置，从而自动复位，下一个目标物置于浮动板2浮动时，所述浮动装置将会保持原有的浮动量。
如图1-图3所示示例，悬挂立柱3的一端设有横杆31，悬挂立柱3呈L型结构，连接部4的一端连接至横杆31。悬挂立柱3的另一端与浮动板2固定连接，具体可采用焊接、铆接、螺栓等方式固定连接。连接部4包括悬挂链条41和分别位于悬挂链条41两端的第一浮动连接结构42和第二浮动连接结构43，其中，第一浮动连接结构42连接横杆31，第二浮动连接 结构43与浮动板2浮动接触；当浮动板2相对于固定底板1浮动时，悬挂链条41随其摆动。由于悬挂链条41两端均采用浮动连接结构进行连接。该连接部3的组成机构可减小连接部2的长度，从而减小所述浮动装置所占空间，此外，还可保证使浮动板2可相对于固定底板1在水平面内沿任意方向浮动，且浮动范围大。
为了防止固定底板1和浮动板2直接接触摩擦力过大，进一步增加浮动板2相对于固定底板1的浮动范围，固定底板1和浮动板2之间设有浮动间隙5，连接部4还可包括连接板44，连接板44固定在所述浮动间隙5中，连接板44与固定底板1和浮动板2面对面设置，且连接板44上表面与固定底板1的上表面相接触，下表面与浮动板2的下表面相接触，需要说明的是，第二浮动连接结构43设于连接板44中，第二浮动结构43穿过连接板44与浮动板2下表面相接触，从而实现连接板4与浮动板2的浮动接触，使浮动板2可相对于连接板2和固定底板1在水平面内的任意方向浮动。需要说明的是，本示例以所述浮动装置以使用时所放置的状态为参考进行进行说明，此时以地面为底面，垂直于地面的方向为竖直方向，距离地面高的部件位于距离地面低的部件的上方，本示例中，浮动板2位于连接板44的上方，连接板44位于固定底板1的上方，本示例中的上、下、上表面、下表面等用于对本示例进行解释说明，并不仅限于此。
第一浮动连接结构42和第二浮动连接结构43均可包括一个或多个万向球结构来实现浮动连接，悬挂链条41两端的万向球结构背对背设置，即悬挂链条41两端的万向球结构的球面所朝部门相背设置。第一浮动连接结构1的万向球结构与横杆31可转动地连接，第二浮动连接结构43的万向球结构与连接板44可转动的连接，第二浮动连接结构43的万向球结构的球面穿过连接板44与浮动板2下表面相接触，浮动板2上表面用于放置目标物。
作为一种示例，固定底板1上设有与每一连接板44一一对应的，供连接部3穿过的卡槽11，卡槽11可以为U型槽、方形槽等，只需满足连接部3位于卡槽11中的部分能够随着浮动板2的浮动而摆动即可。如图5所示，悬挂链条41一端穿过卡槽11与第二浮动连接结构43相连接，连接板44卡接在固定底板1上。
浮动板2的结构并不仅限于传统的实体板状结构，还可设置为为框架结构，如图1和图5所实施例，这样既能满足支撑目标物的需求，也可以减轻所述浮动装置的重量，减少制造所述浮动装置所需材料，降低生产成本。
悬挂立柱设置3可设置在浮动板2的中间位置，如图1和图5所示示例，浮动板2上设置有两对悬挂立柱3，且两对悬挂立柱3分别设置在浮动 板2边缘的三等分点处，这样既可以减小固定底板的面积，节约生产成本，又可以防止所述浮动装置所在换电设备的其他部件与所述悬挂立柱3发生干涉，例如，浮动板2为矩形结构，悬挂立柱3分布在浮动板2的四个顶点处，而通常换电设备会在该位置或该位置附近设置定位结构等部件，此时可能会对定位结构等部件发生干涉等现象。因此，悬挂立柱设置3设置在浮动板2的中间位置，会使换电设备和换电站的设计及布局更加灵活。
在一些示例中，所述浮动装置还包括锁紧部(图中未示出)，锁紧部可设置一个或多个，用于当目标物调整到目标位置时，锁紧浮动板2，使浮动板2相对于固定底板1不可移动，以便对目标物进行相应的操作，例如所述浮动装置设置在换电设备上，当将电池包的位置对准换电位置以后，通过锁紧部锁紧浮动板2，从而电池包位置也固定，进而可以进行换电操作，通过所述装置提高了换电设备的换电精度和准确性。作为一种示例，所述浮动装置可包括4个锁紧部，沿周向均匀分布在固定底板1的周围，从而使锁紧过程中，浮动板2保持平稳状态，避免目标物的位置出现微小移动，提高对目标位定位和对准的准确性，进一步提高换电过程的准确性。
所述锁紧部可以为电磁刹车吸盘，设置在浮动板2上方，刹车吸盘朝向固定底板1，固定底板1作为刹车吸盘的吸合面。浮动板2上设有与刹车吸盘相对应的通孔，锁紧过程中，刹车吸盘穿过所述通孔吸附所述固定底板1，从而锁紧浮动板2。可通过对电磁刹车吸盘通电或断电，控制电磁刹车吸盘吸附或松开固定底板1。在松开状态下，锁紧部可跟随浮动板2的浮动进行浮动。所述电磁刹车吸盘也可以直接选用现有的成品，因此具体结构组成在此不再赘述。需要说明的是，锁紧部采用电磁刹车吸盘仅为一种实施例，在其他实施例中也可采用其他锁紧部，在目标物达到预设位置时，锁紧浮动板2即可。
本发明实施例还提供了一种换电设备M，换电设备M为换电站中的一个组成部分，用于运送和更换电池包，例如可以为换电小车。如图6所示，换电设备M可包括本发明实施例所述定位装置N。换电过程中，电池包置于浮动装置M上，在换电位置不准确的情况下，推动电池包，进而带动浮动盘浮动，从而调整电池包的位置。
本发明实施例还提供了一种换电站，包括一个或多个本发明实施例所述换电设备M。
本发明实施例所述浮动装置结构简单，安装高度低，所占空间小；连接部4两端采用浮动连接结构，使浮动板2可相对于固定底板1在水平面内沿任意方向浮动，且浮动范围大。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发 明,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种浮动装置，其特征在于：所述浮动装置包括:
    固定底板，浮动板，悬挂立柱和连接部，其中
    所述固定底板和所述浮动板面对面设置，所述浮动板用于支撑目标物；
    所述浮动板上设置有一对以上所述悬挂立柱；
    所述连接部一端与所述悬挂立柱相连接，另一端与所述固定底板相连接；
    其中，所述浮动板可相对于所述固定底板浮动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的浮动装置，其特征在于：
    所述悬挂立柱的一端设有横杆，所述连接部的一端连接至所述横杆；
    所述悬挂立柱的另一端与所述浮动板固定连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的浮动装置，其特征在于：
    所述连接部包括悬挂链条和分别位于所述悬挂链条两端的第一浮动连接结构和第二浮动连接结构，其中，
    所述第一浮动连接结构连接所述横杆，所述第二浮动连接结构与所述浮动板浮动接触；
    所述浮动板相对于所述固定底板浮动时，所述悬挂链条随其摆动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的浮动装置，其特征在于：
    所述连接部还包括连接板，所述固定底板和所述浮动板之间设有浮动间隙，所述连接板固定在所述浮动间隙中，与所述固定底板和所述浮动板面对面设置，且与两者相接触，所述第二浮动连接结构设于所述连接板中。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的浮动装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一浮动连接结构和第二浮动连接结构均包括一个或多个万向球结构，所述悬挂链条两端的万向球结构背对背设置，分别于所述横杆、连接板可转动地连接。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5中任意一项所述的浮动装置，其特征在于：
    所述固定底板上设有与每个所述连接板一一对应的卡槽，所述悬挂链条一端穿过所述卡槽与所述第二浮动连接结构相连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的浮动装置，其特征在于：所述浮动板为框架结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的浮动装置，其特征在于：
    所述浮动板上设置有两对悬挂立柱，且所述两对悬挂立柱分别设置在所述浮动板边缘的三等分点处。
  9. 根据权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的浮动装置，其特征在于：
    所述浮动装置还包括一个或多个锁紧部，用于当目标物调整到目标位 置时，锁紧浮动板。
  10. 一种换电设备，其特征在于：所述换电设备包括权利要求1-9中任意一项所述浮动装置。
  11. 一种换电站，其特征在于：所述换电站包括权利要求10所述的换电设备。
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