WO2019184283A1 - 一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机 - Google Patents

一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019184283A1
WO2019184283A1 PCT/CN2018/107853 CN2018107853W WO2019184283A1 WO 2019184283 A1 WO2019184283 A1 WO 2019184283A1 CN 2018107853 W CN2018107853 W CN 2018107853W WO 2019184283 A1 WO2019184283 A1 WO 2019184283A1
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Prior art keywords
fan
wind direction
sugar cane
air
combine harvester
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PCT/CN2018/107853
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘庆庭
武涛
徐海
张增学
邹小平
罗菊川
黄積佰
黄伟凤
李维兴
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华南农业大学
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Application filed by 华南农业大学 filed Critical 华南农业大学
Priority to AU2018416917A priority Critical patent/AU2018416917B2/en
Publication of WO2019184283A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019184283A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/10—Harvesting of standing crops of sugar cane
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D75/00—Accessories for harvesters or mowers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to agricultural machinery technology, in particular to a cut-type sugar cane combine harvester disposed in a wind turbine.
  • the main producing areas of sugar cane are Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, Yunnan and other provinces. The concentration of sugarcane in these areas is high.
  • the large-scale planting of sugar cane has created favorable conditions for the mechanization of sugarcane production and harvesting. However, the domestic sugarcane harvester is still the weakest link in the mechanization of sugarcane production.
  • the mechanized harvesting technology of sugarcane is concentrated on the whole stalk type and the cut-segment type.
  • the cut-type type has become the main way of mechanized harvesting of sugarcane in the world because of its strong adaptability to the lodging of sugarcane, high efficiency and easy collection of sugarcane.
  • the sugarcane in the above-mentioned sugarcane producing area is affected by typhoon and monsoon, and the sugarcane is lodging and bending more and more severely. Therefore, the cut-type sugarcane harvester has stronger work adaptability.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a cut-type sugar cane combine harvester which is simple in structure and has a good quality and good quality.
  • a cut-type sugar cane combine harvester disposed in a fan comprises: a walking device, a frame mounted on the traveling device, and a spiral brancher installed on the frame in the direction of material conveying from the front to the rear, and is pushed down Roller, header, primary conveying channel, secondary screen conveying channel, sugar cane, cab and power system installed on the frame; also including first conveying channel and second mesh conveying channel
  • the middle-mounted air-selective exhaust fan above the junction, the middle-mounted air-selective exhaust fan moves the center of gravity of the harvester forward and lowers the height of the center of gravity of the machine; the end of the secondary screen-type conveying channel is provided above the cane
  • the secondary air is used to select the exhaust fan.
  • the central air-selective exhaust fan comprises a casing, a blade assembly and a wind direction selection mechanism; the lower end of the casing is provided with an air inlet, and the left and right sides of the casing are provided with an air outlet; the blade assembly and the wind direction selection The mechanism is located in the housing, and the wind direction selection mechanism connects one of the air outlets with the air inlet.
  • the housing comprises a fan cover and an inner cylindrical member;
  • the fan blade assembly comprises a fan drive hydraulic motor, a coupling, a rotating shaft, a sleeve, a blade mount, a blade;
  • the wind direction selection mechanism comprises a large gear, The pinion gear and the wind direction select the hydraulic motor and the wind direction selection head;
  • the fan cover is disposed at the upper end of the inner cylindrical member, the fan cover is provided with two left and right symmetrically distributed air outlets, the lower end of the inner cylindrical member is an air inlet;
  • the fan drives the hydraulic motor
  • the coupling, the rotating shaft and the blade mounting seat are connected in sequence, the blade leaves are equidistantly mounted on the fan mounting seat, the fan drive hydraulic motor is mounted on the fan cover, the bushing is set on the rotating shaft;
  • the large gear is installed On the wind direction selection head, and located on the outer ring of the upper end of the inner cylindrical member, the wind direction selects the hydraulic motor to drive the pinion to rotate, the pinion gear mesh
  • the inner cylindrical member comprises a mounting plate, a reinforcing rib, a cylinder body and a shrinkage;
  • the mounting plate is located outside the cylindrical body, and is mounted by a large gear, a pinion, a wind direction selecting hydraulic motor;
  • a lower side of the mounting plate and A reinforcing rib is arranged between the cylinder bodies, and the shrinking mouth is located at the lower end of the cylindrical body, and the shrinkage has two and symmetric distributions.
  • the wind direction selection head comprises a wind direction selection cover and a mounting seat; the mounting seat is annular, the wind direction selection cover is located above the mounting seat and corresponds to a half circle of the mounting seat, and the wind direction selection cover is provided with a receiving coupling The space of the rotating shaft and the sleeve; when the wind direction selection cover is turned to one of the air outlets, the air outlet is blocked, so that the air inlet is connected with the other air outlet.
  • two stroke switches are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the fan cover.
  • the wind direction selection head touches the stroke switch, the wind direction selects the hydraulic motor to stop running, and limits the clockwise rotation angle of the wind direction selection head to 180 degrees.
  • the pinion housing is provided with a pinion shroud for dust protection
  • the large gear housing is provided with a large gear shroud for dust prevention, the pinion shroud and the large gear shroud being connected.
  • the harvester further comprises a transport arm; the lower end of the sugar cane is connected with the cane end of the transport arm, and the cane end of the transport arm is mounted on the frame through the rotating platform so that the transport arm rotates in a horizontal plane;
  • the bucket is a funnel type.
  • the power system and the spiral brancher, the push-down roller, the header, the first-stage conveying channel, the second-stage screen-type conveying channel, the middle-mounted air-selecting exhaust fan, the secondary air-selecting exhaust fan, and the rotation are connected to provide power.
  • the harvester further comprises two symmetrical cooling devices; a cab, a power system engine and a transfer case, a central air exhaust fan, a cooler, and a secondary air exhaust fan After that, it is arranged in the upper layer in turn, and the spiral brancher, the push-down roller, the header, the first-stage conveying passage, the second-stage mesh conveying passage, and the sugar-feeding bucket are arranged on the lower layer from the front to the rear.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the double-wind-selective exhaust fan including the central air-selective exhaust fan and the secondary air-selective exhaust fan, further improves the efficiency of the drainage and the quality of the waste during the sugarcane harvesting operation and reduces the content of the cane segment. Miscellaneous.
  • One of the air-selective exhaust fans is arranged above the junction of the primary conveying passage and the secondary screening conveying passage, that is, the middle-mounted wind-selecting exhaust fan effectively moves the center of gravity of the harvester forward. At the same time, the height of the center of gravity is lowered, which further makes the harvester safer and more stable during the operation.
  • the central air-selective exhaust fan adopts the fan cover of the two-way air outlet, and selects the exhaust air outlet through the built-in wind direction selection cover to rotate around the rotating shaft, thereby effectively avoiding the overall rotation of the exhaust fan through the prior art.
  • the problem of steering the tuyere is realized, thereby saving more space and making the structure of the harvester more compact.
  • the central air-selective exhaust fan adopts gear transmission to realize the choice of air outlet, which has simple structure and simple and convenient operation.
  • the large gear guard and the pinion guard separate the internal large gears and pinions from the dusty working environment.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a cut-type sugar cane combine harvester placed in a fan.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the center-mounted air exhaust fan.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of a portion C of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the wind direction rotary head.
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the inner cylindrical member.
  • a cut-type sugarcane combine harvester disposed in a fan includes a spiral brancher 1, a push-down roller 2, a header 3, a primary conveying passage 4, a centrally-selected exhaust fan 14, and a second stage.
  • the cab 17 is mounted on the frame 5, and a spiral brancher 1 is disposed at the front lower portion of the cab 17, a push-down roller 2 is disposed below the spiral brancher 1, and a header 3 is provided below the push-up roller 2, cutting
  • the stage 3 is connected with a primary conveying passage 4 for feeding and conveying, and the primary conveying passage 4 includes a pair of feeding rollers, a pair of conveying rollers, a pair of speed limiting rollers and a cutting blade roller, and the rollers are It is vertically distributed symmetrically, wherein the cutting blade is arranged at the end of the primary conveying channel 4; when the harvester is performing the sugarcane harvesting operation, the corresponding hydraulic motor drives the spiral brancher 1 to rotate, and as the harvester advances, the harvesting The sugar cane row is separated from the adjacent row, and the fallen sugar cane is raised and raised by the spiral brancher 1, and then the drum is pushed down to push the normally growing sugar cane forward to a certain angle, and then the sugarcane root is cut
  • a secondary screen conveying passage 12 for lifting and removing soil and broken leaves is provided behind the primary conveying passage 4, and the screen-type passage can not only make the cane segment after the cutting of the cutting blade
  • the conveying is lifted, and at the same time, the brought in soil and the broken sugar cane leaves are removed during the lifting and conveying process;
  • the conveying arm 10 is arranged below the discharging end of the secondary screen conveying channel 12, and the conveying arm 10 includes the conveying arm 10 1 and the transport arm 10-2, the transport boom 10-1 and the transport arm 10-2 are connected by an intermediate hinge and an upper hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder has two symmetric distributions, so the role of the hydraulic cylinder
  • the transporting arm 10-2 can be rotated around the middle hinge to realize the adjustment of the cane point at the discharge end of the transport arm 10, and the transport arm 10-2 can be folded to reduce the height of the center of gravity during transportation.
  • the sugar cannula end of the transport arm 10 is mounted with a sugar cane 9 and is located below the discharge end of the secondary sieve transport channel 12, the sugar cane 9 is funnel-shaped, and the transport arm 10 is connected to the lower end of the cane end.
  • a rotating platform 8 is provided, and the conveying arm 10 is rotatable about the rotating platform 8 80 degrees; the discharge end of the secondary screen type conveying channel 12 is provided with a secondary air exhaust fan 11 and is located above the sugar canister 9, and the secondary air exhaust fan 11 can transport the secondary screen The debris thrown by the channel 12 is removed by air separation.
  • a power source engine 16 is disposed behind the cab 17, and two sides of the engine 16 are respectively provided with matching cooling devices and a transfer case 15, wherein the cooling device can dissipate heat generated during operation of the engine 16 in time, thereby avoiding the engine. 16 overheating affects its normal operation; and the transfer case 15 can distribute the power generated by the engine 16 to the corresponding hydraulic pump to provide the corresponding power to the harvester.
  • a center-mounted air exhaust fan 14 is disposed above the junction of the discharge end of the primary conveying passage 4 and the secondary screen conveying passage 12, and is located in the middle of the cooler 13 and the engine 16, effectively making the center of gravity of the harvester
  • the forward movement simultaneously reduces the height of the center of gravity, further making the harvester safer and more stable during the operation;
  • the central air selection exhaust fan 14 includes a fan cover 14-1 and a fan rotation shaft 14-10, and the fan cover 14-1 is provided with left and right
  • the symmetrical air outlet 14-6 is provided with a rotating shaft 14-10 in the middle of the fan casing 14-1, and the angle steel 14-2 is symmetrically welded to the left and right sides of the rotating shaft 14-10, thereby improving the fan casing 14-1.
  • the rotating shaft 14-10 is vertically installed in the fan casing 14-1, and the upper end of the rotating shaft 14-10 is connected to the corresponding fan-driven hydraulic motor 14-4 through the coupling, thereby realizing the transmission of power;
  • the circumferential surface of the shaft 14-10 is sleeved with a stepped bushing 14-11 that does not rotate with the rotating shaft, so that the rotating shaft 14-10 can be separated from the external environment of the air-selected exhaust, thereby effectively avoiding dust during operation.
  • the rotational movement position of the rotating shaft 14-10 is in contact with the rotating shaft 14-10 Raw wear and fatigue damage, thereby increasing the service life of the rotating shaft 14-10; the lower end of the rotating shaft 14-10 is provided with a blade mounting seat 14-8, and the fan mounting seat 14-8 is circumferentially equidistantly mounted with a fan Leaves 14-9.
  • the lower end of the fan casing 14-1 is provided with an inner cylindrical member 14-7
  • the inner cylindrical member 14-7 includes a cylindrical body 14-73
  • the upper end of the cylindrical body 14-73 is welded with a mounting plate 14-71, that is,
  • the cylindrical body 14-73 is raised through the upper surface of the mounting plate 14-71 by a certain height to facilitate the alignment of the inner cylindrical member 14-7 with the fan housing 14-1; the lower surface of the mounting plate 14-71
  • the triangular reinforcing ribs 14-72 are welded, and the other right-angled surface of the reinforcing ribs 14-72 is welded on the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical body 14-73, thereby improving the strength of the mounting plate 14-71, thereby indirectly improving the centering air selection.
  • the overall stability of the exhaust fan 14 is provided with a constriction 14-75 at the lower end of the cylindrical body 14-73, and the constrictions 14-75 are symmetrically distributed to the left and right; the upper surface of the mounting plate 14-71 is rotatably mounted with a large gear 14- 15.
  • the lower end of the fan cover 14-1 is provided with a large gear cover 14-12; the upper end of the large gear 14-15 is provided with a wind direction selecting head 14-5, and the wind direction selecting head 14-5 is located inside the fan cover 14-1, wherein
  • the wind direction selecting head 14-5 includes a wind direction selecting cover 14-51, and the lower end of the wind direction selecting cover 14-51 is welded with a circular mounting seat 14-52, and the wind direction selecting head 14-5 can be fixed by bolts.
  • the large gears 14-15 are engaged; the large gears 14-15 are meshed with the pinion gears 14-14, wherein the pinion gears 14-14 are mounted on the mounting holes 14-74 of the mounting plate 14-71, and the upper ends of the mounting plates 14-71 are mounted.
  • a pinion shroud 14-13 is provided, and the large gear shroud 14-12 is coupled to the pinion shroud 14-13 such that the large gear 14-15 and the pinion gear 14-14 are separated from the dusty working environment;
  • the pinion gears 14-14 are coupled to the wind direction selection hydraulic motor 14-16, so that under the drive of the wind direction selection hydraulic motor 14-16, the pinion gears 14-14 will drive the large gears 14-15 to rotate, thereby making the wind direction selection cover 14-51 Rotating around the rotating shaft 14-10, when the wind direction selecting cover 14-51 is rotated by 180 degrees, the stroke switch 14-3 disposed symmetrically on the front and rear sides of the fan casing 14-1 is touched, and then the wind direction When the hydraulic motor 14-16 is selected to stop working, the wind direction selection cover 14-51 stops rotating, so the travel switch 14-3 functions as a limit control; after the wind direction selection cover 14-51 rotates 180 degrees, the central air selection is exhausted.
  • the exhaust airflow of the fan 14 will flow out from the other end of the fan casing 14-1, so that the wind direction selection cover 14-51 can be moved according to the forward direction of the harvester operation.
  • the corresponding smooth and counterclockwise rotation is 180 degrees, so that the direction of the exhaust gas flow direction is selected.

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  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，包括：行走装置，安装在行走装置上的机架（5），安装在机架（5）上的沿着物料输送方向从前往后依次设置的螺旋分行器（1）、推倒辊筒（2）、割台（3）、一级输送通道（4）、二级筛网式输送通道（12）、接蔗斗（9），安装在机架（5）上的驾驶室（17）和发动机（16）；还包括位于一级输送通道（4）和二级筛网式输送通道（12）衔接处上方的中置风选排杂风机（14），中置风选排杂风机（14）使收割机的重心前移和降低整机重心高度；二级筛网式输送通道（12）的末端、接蔗斗（9）的上方设有二次风选排杂风机（11）。中置风选排杂风机（14）以及二次风选排杂风机（11）形成为双风选排杂风机，进一步减小了蔗段的含杂率，提高了甘蔗收割作业过程中的排杂效率和排杂质量。

Description

一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机 技术领域
本发明涉及农业机械技术，具体涉及一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机。
背景技术
我国是甘蔗种植大国，甘蔗的主要产地有广西、广东、海南、福建、云南等省，这些地区的甘蔗种植集中度高，甘蔗的大面积种植为甘蔗生产和收获的机械化创造了良好的条件，但是国内甘蔗收割机依然是甘蔗生产机械化中最薄弱的环节。
随着国内农业机械化的深入推广，甘蔗收割机的技术也越来越成熟。目前，甘蔗机械化收获技术集中在整秆式和切段式上，切段式因其对倒伏甘蔗适应性强、效率高、集蔗容易等优点而成为国际上甘蔗机械化收获的主要方式。上述的甘蔗产地的甘蔗由于受到台风、季风影响，甘蔗倒伏、弯曲较多，较严重，因此切段式甘蔗收获机具有更强的作业适应性。我们都知道，切段式甘蔗收获的工序一般分为：切梢、扶到、切割(割台切割)、输送、切断、除杂、蔗段运输等工序。近几年来，我国陆续研发的各种类型的甘蔗收割机都普遍存在如下问题：剥叶不干净、蔗头破损率大、含杂率高、排杂作业效率低等。其中收获蔗段的含杂率将会影响着糖厂榨糖作业效率、榨糖成本以及蔗糖质量，因此提高收获机上的除杂效果是设计中的重点和难点之一。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的技术问题，本发明的目的是：提供一种结构简单、排杂质量好的风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，包括：行走装置，安装在行走装置上的机架，安装在机架上的沿着物料输送方向从前往后依次设置的螺旋分行器、推倒辊筒、割台、一级输送通道、二级筛网式输送通道、接蔗斗，安装在机架上的驾驶室和动力系统；还包括位于一级输送通道和二级筛网式输送通道衔接处上方的中置风选排杂风机，中置风选排杂风机使收割机的重心前移和降 低整机重心高度；二级筛网式输送通道的末端、接蔗斗的上方设有二次风选排杂风机。
作为一种优选，中置风选排杂风机包括壳体、扇叶组件、风向选择机构；壳体的下端设有进风口，壳体的左右两侧设有出风口；扇叶组件和风向选择机构位于壳体内，风向选择机构将其中一个出风口与进风口连通。
作为一种优选，壳体包括风机外罩和内圆筒构件；扇叶组件包括风机驱动液压马达、联轴器、转动轴、轴套、扇叶安装座、扇叶；风向选择机构包括大齿轮、小齿轮、风向选择液压马达、风向选择头；风机外罩套在内圆筒构件的上端，风机外罩设有左右两个对称分布的出风口，内圆筒构件的下端为进风口；风机驱动液压马达、联轴器、转动轴、扇叶安装座依次相接，扇叶圆周等距安装在扇叶安装座上，风机驱动液压马达安装在风机外罩上，轴套套装在转动轴上；大齿轮安装在风向选择头上，且位于内圆筒构件上端的外圈，风向选择液压马达带动小齿轮转动，小齿轮与大齿轮啮合传动，大齿轮带动风向选择头转动。
作为一种优选，内圆筒构件包括安装板、加强筋、圆筒本体、缩口；安装板位于圆筒本体外侧，供大齿轮、小齿轮、风向选择液压马达安装；安装板的下侧与圆筒本体之间装有加强筋，缩口位于圆筒本体的下端，缩口有两个且呈对称分布。
作为一种优选，风向选择头包括风向选择罩和安装座；安装座为圆环形，风向选择罩位于安装座的上方且对应安装座的半圈，风向选择罩的中间设有容纳联轴器、转动轴、轴套的空间；风向选择罩转至其中一个出风口时，遮挡该出风口，从而进风口与另一出风口连通。
作为一种优选，风机外罩左右两侧对称的设有两个行程开关，风向选择头触碰行程开关时，风向选择液压马达停止运行，将风向选择头的顺逆时针转动角度限制在180度。
作为一种优选，小齿轮外套装有用于防尘的小齿轮护罩，大齿轮外套装有用于防尘的大齿轮护罩，小齿轮护罩和大齿轮护罩相接。
作为一种优选，收割机还包括输送臂；接蔗斗的下端与输送臂的接蔗端连接，输送臂的接蔗端通过旋转平台安装在机架上从而输送臂在水平面内转动； 接蔗斗为漏斗型。
作为一种优选，动力系统分别与螺旋分行器、推倒辊筒、割台、一级输送通道、二级筛网式输送通道、中置风选排杂风机、二次风选排杂风机、旋转平台、输送臂相接提供动力。
作为一种优选，收割机还包括两个左右对称设置的冷却器；驾驶室、动力系统的发动机和分动箱、中置风选排杂风机、冷却器、二次风选排杂风机从前往后依次设置在上层，螺旋分行器、推倒辊筒、割台、一级输送通道、二级筛网式输送通道、接蔗斗从前往后设置在下层。
总的说来，本发明具有如下优点：
1.采用双风选排杂风机，包括中置风选排杂风机以及二次风选排杂风机，进一步提高了甘蔗收割作业过程中的排杂效率和排杂质量和减小蔗段的含杂率。
2.将其中的一个风选排杂风机设于一级输送通道与二级筛网式输送通道的衔接处的上方，即中置风选排杂风机，有效的使收割机的重心前移，同时降低重心高度，进一步使收割机在作业的过程中更加安全平稳。
3.中置风选排杂风机采用双向出风口的风机外罩，并通过内置的风向选择罩绕转动轴旋转来选择排杂出风口，有效避免了现有技术中通过排杂风机的整体旋转来实现出风口转向的问题，从而节省较多的空间，使收割机的结构更加的紧凑。
4.中置风选排杂风机采用齿轮传动实现出风口的选择，结构简单、操作简单方便。
5.大齿轮护罩和小齿轮护罩将内部的大齿轮和小齿轮与粉尘较多的工作环境隔开。
6.收割机中各机构的布置方式，使得整机重心前移，降低了整机重心高度，使收割机作业更加平稳，收割质量好。
附图说明
图1是一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机的结构示意图。
图2是中置风选排杂风机的俯视图。
图3是图2中A-A剖视图。
图4是图2中B-B剖视图。
图5是图4中C部分的局部放大图。
图6是风向旋转头的立体图。
图7是内圆筒构件的立体图。
附图标记：1、螺旋分行器；2、推倒辊筒；3、割台；4、一级输送通道；5、机架；6、履带轮；7、油箱；8、旋转平台；9、接蔗斗；10、输送臂；10-1、输送大臂；10-2、输送小臂；11、二次风选排杂风机；12、二级筛网式输送通道；13、冷却器；14、中置风选排杂风机；14-1、风机外罩；14-2、角钢；14-3、行程开关；14-4、风机驱动液压马达；14-5、风向选择头；14-51、风向选择罩；14-52、安装座；14-6、出风口；14-7、内圆筒构件；14-71、安装板；14-72、加强筋；14-73、圆筒本体；14-74、安装孔；14-75、缩口；14-8、扇叶安装座；14-9、扇叶；14-10、转动轴；14-11、轴套；14-12、大齿轮护罩；14-13、小齿轮护罩；14-14、小齿轮；14-15、大齿轮；14-16、风向选择液压马达；15、分动箱；16、发动机；17、驾驶室。
具体实施方式
下面来对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
参见图1，一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，包括螺旋分行器1、推倒辊筒2、割台3、一级输送通道4、中置风选排杂风机14、二级筛网式输送通道12、二次风选排杂分机11、输送臂10、机架5、履带轮6组成的行走装置、驾驶室17、油箱7以及配套的动力系统。
驾驶室17安装于机架5上，驾驶室17的前下方设有螺旋分行器1，在螺旋分行器1的下方装有推倒辊筒2，推倒辊筒2的下方设有割台3，割台3连接有用于喂入输送以及切段的一级输送通道4，一级输送通道4含有一对喂入滚筒，一对输送滚筒、一对限速滚筒以及切段刀辊，且这些滚筒均是呈上下对称分布，其中切段刀辊设在一级输送通道4的末端；收割机在进行甘蔗收割作业时，相应配套的液压马达驱动螺旋分行器1旋转，随着收割机的前进，收割的甘蔗行与邻近行分开，同时倒伏的甘蔗被螺旋分行器1抬高扶起摆正，接着推倒滚筒将正常生长的甘蔗向前推倒成一定的角度，进而甘蔗根部被割台3切断并喂入收割机的一级输送通道4。一级输送通道4的后面设有用于提升输送及漏除泥土 和碎叶的二级筛网式输送通道12，采用筛网式的通道不仅可以使经切断刀辊切段后的蔗段在被提升输送，同时在提升输送的过程中可是带入的泥土以及碎蔗叶漏除；二级筛网式输送通道12的出料端下方设有输送臂10，输送臂10包括输送大臂10-1以及输送小臂10-2，输送大臂10-1和输送小臂10-2通过中间的铰链以及上侧的液压缸连接，液压缸有两个且呈对称分布，因此在液压缸的作用下，输送小臂10-2可绕着中间的铰链旋转，从而实现输送臂10出料端抛蔗点的调节，同时在运输的过程中可将输送小臂10-2折叠来降低重心高度，提高运输的安全性；输送臂10的接蔗端上面安装有接蔗斗9并位于二级筛网式输送通道12出料端的下方，接蔗斗9呈漏斗形，输送臂10接蔗端的下面设有旋转平台8，输送臂10可绕着旋转平台8旋转180度；二级筛网式输送通道12的出料端设有二次风选排杂风机11并位于接蔗斗9的上方，二次风选排杂风机11可将二级筛网式输送通道12抛出的杂物经过风选排除。
驾驶室17的后面设有动力源发动机16，发动机16的两侧分别设有配套的冷却装置以及分动箱15，其中冷却装置可以将发动机16工作时产生的热量及时散发出去，从而可避免发动机16过热而影响其正常的工作；而分动箱15可以将发动机16产生的动力进行分配到相应的液压泵，进而为收割机提供相应的动力。
一级输送通道4出料端与二级筛网式输送通道12衔接处的上方设有中置风选排杂风机14，并位于冷却器13和发动机16的中间，有效的使收割机的重心前移同时降低重心高度，进一步使收割机在作业的过程中更加安全平稳；中置风选排杂风机14包括风机外罩14-1以及风机转动轴14-10，风机外罩14-1设有左右对称的出风口14-6，风机外罩14-1的中间设有转动轴14-10，在转动轴14-10的左右、前后分别对称焊接有角钢14-2，从而提高风机外罩14-1的结构强度；转动轴14-10竖直安装在风机外罩14-1中，转动轴14-10的上端通过联轴器与相应的风机驱动液压马达14-4连接，从而实现了动力的传递；转动轴14-10的圆周面上套接有不随转动轴转动的阶梯形轴套14-11，因此可将转动轴14-10与风选排杂的外界环境分开，从而可有效避免作业时尘埃与转动轴14-10的旋转运动位置接触而使转动轴14-10发生磨损、产生疲劳性破坏，进而提高转动轴14-10的使用寿命；转动轴14-10的下端设有扇叶安装座14-8，扇叶安装座14-8上圆 周等距安装有扇叶14-9。
风机外罩14-1的下端设有内圆筒构件14-7，内圆筒构件14-7包括圆筒本体14-73，靠近圆筒本体14-73的上端焊接有安装板14-71，即圆筒本体14-73穿过安装板14-71的上表面凸起一定的高度，从而便于内圆筒构件14-7与风机外罩14-1的对位组装；安装板14-71的下表面焊接有三角形加强筋14-72，加强筋14-72的另一直角面焊接在圆筒本体14-73的外圆柱面上，从而提高安装板14-71的强度，进而间接提高中置风选排杂风机14整体的稳固性，在圆筒本体14-73的下端设有缩口14-75，缩口14-75呈左右对称分布；安装板14-71上表面转动安装有大齿轮14-15，风机外罩14-1的下端设有大齿轮护罩14-12；大齿轮14-15上端设有风向选择头14-5，且风向选择头14-5位于风机外罩14-1内部，其中风向选择头14-5包括风向选择罩14-51，风向选择罩14-51的下端焊接有圆环形安装座14-52，通过螺栓可将风向选择头14-5固定在大齿轮14-15上；大齿轮14-15啮合有小齿轮14-14，其中小齿轮14-14安设于安装板14-71的安装孔14-74上，同时安装板14-71的上端设有小齿轮护罩14-13，大齿轮护罩14-12与小齿轮护罩14-13连接，从而使大齿轮14-15和小齿轮14-14与粉尘较多的工作环境隔开；小齿轮14-14与风向选择液压马达14-16连接，因此在风向选择液压马达14-16的驱动下，小齿轮14-14将带动大齿轮14-15转动，从而使风向选择罩14-51绕着转动轴14-10转动，当风向选择罩14-51转动达到180度时，即会触碰到设于风机外罩14-1前后两侧且呈对称分布的行程开关14-3，进而风向选择液压马达14-16停止工作，风向选择罩14-51随即停止转动，因此行程开关14-3起到限位控制的作用；风向选择罩14-51旋转180度后，中置风选排杂风机14的排杂气流将从风机外罩14-1的另一端流出，因此风向选择罩14-51可以根据收割机作业前进方向进行相应的顺、逆时针旋转180度，从而实现排杂气流方向的选择。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，包括：行走装置，安装在行走装置上的机架，安装在机架上的沿着物料输送方向从前往后依次设置的螺旋分行器、推倒辊筒、割台、一级输送通道、二级筛网式输送通道、接蔗斗，安装在机架上的驾驶室和动力系统，其特征在于：还包括位于一级输送通道和二级筛网式输送通道衔接处上方的中置风选排杂风机，中置风选排杂风机使收割机的重心前移和降低整机重心高度；二级筛网式输送通道的末端、接蔗斗的上方设有二次风选排杂风机。
  2. 按照权利要求1所述的一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，其特征在于：中置风选排杂风机包括壳体、扇叶组件、风向选择机构；壳体的下端设有进风口，壳体的左右两侧设有出风口；扇叶组件和风向选择机构位于壳体内，风向选择机构将其中一个出风口与进风口连通。
  3. 按照权利要求2所述的一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，其特征在于：壳体包括风机外罩和内圆筒构件；扇叶组件包括风机驱动液压马达、联轴器、转动轴、轴套、扇叶安装座、扇叶；风向选择机构包括大齿轮、小齿轮、风向选择液压马达、风向选择头；风机外罩套在内圆筒构件的上端，风机外罩设有左右两个对称分布的出风口，内圆筒构件的下端为进风口；风机驱动液压马达、联轴器、转动轴、扇叶安装座依次相接，扇叶圆周等距安装在扇叶安装座上，风机驱动液压马达安装在风机外罩上，轴套套装在转动轴上；大齿轮安装在风向选择头上，且位于内圆筒构件上端的外圈，风向选择液压马达带动小齿轮转动，小齿轮与大齿轮啮合传动，大齿轮带动风向选择头转动。
  4. 按照权利要求3所述的一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，其特征在于：内圆筒构件包括安装板、加强筋、圆筒本体、缩口；安装板位于圆筒本体外侧，供大齿轮、小齿轮、风向选择液压马达安装；安装板的下侧与圆筒本体之间装有加强筋，缩口位于圆筒本体的下端。
  5. 按照权利要求3所述的一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，其特征在于：风向选择头包括风向选择罩和安装座；安装座为圆环形，风向选择罩位于安装座的上方且对应安装座的半圈，风向选择罩的中间设有容纳联轴器、转动轴、轴套的空间；风向选择罩转至其中一个出风口时，遮挡该出风口，从而进风口与另一出风口连通。
  6. 按照权利要求3所述的一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，其特征在于：风机外罩左右两侧对称的设有两个行程开关，风向选择头触碰行程开关时，风向选择液压马达停止运行，将风向选择头的顺逆时针转动角度限制在180度。
  7. 按照权利要求3所述的一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，其特征在于：小齿轮外套装有用于防尘的小齿轮护罩，大齿轮外套装有用于防尘的大齿轮护罩，小齿轮护罩和大齿轮护罩相接。
  8. 按照权利要求1所述的一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，其特征在于：收割机还包括输送臂；接蔗斗的下端与输送臂的接蔗端连接，输送臂的接蔗端通过旋转平台安装在机架上从而输送臂在水平面内转动；接蔗斗为漏斗型。
  9. 按照权利要求8所述的一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，其特征在于：动力系统分别与螺旋分行器、推倒辊筒、割台、一级输送通道、二级筛网式输送通道、中置风选排杂风机、二次风选排杂风机、旋转平台、输送臂相接提供动力。
  10. 按照权利要求1所述的一种风机中置的切段式甘蔗联合收割机，其特征在于：收割机还包括两个左右对称设置的冷却器；驾驶室、动力系统的发动机和分动箱、中置风选排杂风机、冷却器、二次风选排杂风机从前往后依次设置在上层，螺旋分行器、推倒辊筒、割台、一级输送通道、二级筛网式输送通道、接蔗斗从前往后设置在下层。
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CN111771550A (zh) * 2020-08-07 2020-10-16 李景秋 一种新型高效风送型秸秆捡拾机
CN111887018A (zh) * 2020-08-20 2020-11-06 朱季华 整杆甘蔗组合式割倒铲运机
CN114287228A (zh) * 2021-01-15 2022-04-08 陈业才 整秆式或切段式的甘蔗联合收割机
CN114287228B (zh) * 2021-01-15 2023-08-22 陈业才 整秆式或切段式的甘蔗联合收割机
CN114391370A (zh) * 2021-12-11 2022-04-26 广西民族师范学院 一种整杆式甘蔗收割机
CN116210450A (zh) * 2023-02-23 2023-06-06 柳州恒晖机械有限公司 固定式甘蔗集中处理站

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