WO2019177176A1 - 電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法 - Google Patents
電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019177176A1 WO2019177176A1 PCT/JP2019/011292 JP2019011292W WO2019177176A1 WO 2019177176 A1 WO2019177176 A1 WO 2019177176A1 JP 2019011292 W JP2019011292 W JP 2019011292W WO 2019177176 A1 WO2019177176 A1 WO 2019177176A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- electronic
- component waste
- waste
- equipment component
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 325
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 325
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 209
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 23
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 wire scrap Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
- B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/002—High gradient magnetic separation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/16—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
- B07C5/3422—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour using video scanning devices, e.g. TV-cameras
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
- B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
- B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
- B07C5/366—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means during free fall of the articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0056—Scrap treating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/1717—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with a modulation of one or more physical properties of the sample during the optical investigation, e.g. electro-reflectance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation whereby the particles to be separated are in solid form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/0054—Sorting of waste or refuse
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for processing electronic / electrical device component waste, and more particularly, to a method for processing electronic / electrical device component waste suitable for recycling of used electronic / electrical device.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-83348 describes an ore sorting method and apparatus for sorting out ore non-defective products or defective products.
- Rock crushed material conveyed on a belt-like carrier is captured by an imaging device.
- An example of an ore sorter equipped with an air spraying device that images and discriminates non-defective products and defective products with a discrimination device, and blows air toward the sprayed object so as to differentiate each movement trajectory of the good products and defective products is described. Has been.
- Patent Document 1 is a sorting method for processing a rock pulverized material, and is suitable for sorting electronic / electric equipment component waste containing various materials such as non-metallic materials such as plastics and metal materials. It cannot be said that it is a device.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 9-78151 (Patent Document 2) includes a step of charging scraps containing valuable metals into a flash melting furnace for copper ore smelting and recovering valuable metals to a mat retained in the furnace. A method for recycling valuable metals is described. According to such a recycling method, since scrap processing can be combined with copper smelting in a copper smelting flash furnace, valuable metals can be recovered at low cost even from scraps having a low content of valuable metals. .
- thermodynamic techniques in the copper smelting process including the smelting inhibitors derived from natural ores, and the purification method of the electrolyte in the electrolysis process.
- thermodynamic techniques in the copper smelting process including the smelting inhibitors derived from natural ores, and the purification method of the electrolyte in the electrolysis process.
- problems in the method for treating electronic / electric equipment component waste in which the content of the smelting inhibitor is extremely large.
- JP 2017-83348 A JP-A-9-78151 JP2015-123418A
- the present invention provides a method for treating electronic / electrical device component waste, which can accurately and efficiently sort electronic / electrical device component waste and the like.
- the present invention further provides a method for treating electronic / electrical device component waste that can increase the amount of electronic / electrical device component waste to be treated in the smelting process and can efficiently recover valuable metals.
- the present inventors diligently studied. Using a sorter equipped with a metal sensor, a color camera, an air valve, and a conveyor, metal objects in electronic / electric equipment component waste are detected by the metal sensor. In order to prevent false detection of non-metallic objects existing between metal objects, non-metals between adjacent metal objects or metal objects, or at least between metal objects and metal objects. It has been found that synthetic resin (plastic) can be accurately and efficiently separated from electronic / electrical equipment component waste by providing a certain distance between the metal object and the metal object.
- the present invention completed on the basis of the above knowledge, using a sorter including a metal sensor, a color camera, an air valve, and a conveyor, from electronic and electrical equipment component waste including metal objects and nonmetal objects to nonmetal objects Or, including a separation process that separates metal objects, when detecting metal objects in electronic / electric equipment component scraps with a metal sensor, do not misdetect non-metal objects existing between metal objects.
- a sorter including a metal sensor, a color camera, an air valve, and a conveyor, from electronic and electrical equipment component waste including metal objects and nonmetal objects to nonmetal objects
- a separation process that separates metal objects, when detecting metal objects in electronic / electric equipment component scraps with a metal sensor, do not misdetect non-metal objects existing between metal objects.
- the electronic / electrical device component waste processing method according to the present invention has a certain interval larger than the length of the detection range of the metal sensor in the direction along the conveying direction of the electronic / electrical device component waste.
- a non-metal object or metal object is separated from electronic / electrical device component waste including metal objects and non-metal objects using a sorter including a metal sensor, a color camera, an air valve, and a conveyor. At least a metal object and a metal so that a non-metal object existing between the metal object and the metal object is not erroneously detected when a metal sensor is detected by the metal sensor, including a separation process.
- Electronic / electrical equipment in which the distance between metal objects and non-metallic objects between objects is larger than the detection range of the metal sensor in the direction along the conveying direction of electronic / electrical equipment parts waste A method for treating part waste is provided.
- the length of the detection range of the metal sensor is 4 to 200 mm.
- the opening / closing speed of the air valve is 0.5 to 4 ms / time.
- the representative diameter of the electronic / electric equipment component waste is 4 to 70 mm.
- the method for treating electronic / electric equipment component waste according to the present invention further includes a step of treating the electronic / electric equipment component waste after separation of the non-metallic material in a smelting process.
- the method for treating electronic / electrical device component waste according to the present invention is included in the electronic / electrical device component waste before the metal sensor detects the metal in the electronic / electrical device component waste. Remove the powder.
- the method for treating electronic / electrical device component waste according to the present invention is included in the electronic / electrical device component waste before the metal sensor detects the metal in the electronic / electrical device component waste.
- the ratio of the metal material to the non-metal material is adjusted to be 70:30 to 20:80.
- a metal that sorts metal or non-metal using a metal sorter Electronic / electric equipment component waste processing method comprising a sorting step, performing a magnetic sorting process as a pre-treatment of the metal sorting step, and adjusting a ratio of the number of metal objects and non-metal objects introduced into a metal sensor provided in the metal sorter Is provided.
- the magnetic force sorting process is performed so that the ratio of the number of metal objects to non-metal substances introduced into the metal sorter is 2.0 or less.
- the method for treating electronic / electric equipment component waste according to the present invention includes a magnetic force sorting process including at least two steps of magnetic force sorting.
- the magnetic force sorting process includes a first magnetic force sorting step for removing iron waste contained in the electronic / electrical device component waste, and And a second magnetic force sorting step having a higher magnetic force than the first magnetic force sorting step for removing nickel, stainless steel-containing component waste and the substrate from the electronic / electric equipment component waste from which the iron scrap has been removed.
- the first magnetic force sorting step includes that the magnetic flux density applied to the electronic / electrical device component waste is 10 mT to 100 mT
- the second magnetic force sorting step includes that the magnetic flux density given to the electronic / electric equipment component waste is 300 mT to 1200 mT.
- the wind sorting process is performed at least in two stages before the magnetic sorting process.
- the metal material obtained in the metal sorting step is treated in the smelting step.
- a method of processing electronic / electrical device component waste wherein a color sorter including at least two camera units capable of distinguishing the colors of the front and back surfaces of a processing object is used for electronic processing.
- a method for treating electronic / electrical device component waste including a step of sorting substrate waste in electrical device component waste is provided.
- the electronic / electrical device component waste processing method includes detecting at least two camera units included in the color sorter to detect the green color of the processing object.
- the substrate waste is a substrate containing a metal object.
- the electronic / electrical device component waste after removing the substrate waste in the electronic / electrical device component waste is replaced with a metal sensor, a camera unit.
- a separation step of separating metal or non-metal in electronic / electric equipment component waste using a metal sorter equipped with an air valve and a conveyor, wherein the metal sensor is identified as a metal in the separation step The number of the objects to be discriminated (metal / non-metal) is sorted using a color sorter to sort the substrate scrap in the electronic device component scrap.
- At least wind sorting is performed before the step of selecting substrate waste in the electronic / electric equipment component waste using a color sorter. Perform two steps.
- an electronic / electric equipment component waste processing method capable of increasing the amount of electronic / electric equipment component waste processed in the smelting process and efficiently recovering valuable metals. it can.
- the processing target of the processing method of the electronic / electrical equipment component waste 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a raw material containing at least a non-metallic material and a metallic material. ⁇ Uses scraps of electronic and electrical equipment such as PCs and mobile phones.
- a plastic or the like that does not contain metal or contains a metal amount equal to or lower than the detection lower limit of the metal sensor 2 provided in the metal sorter 10 described later. Synthetic resins, substrates and the like.
- a substrate containing a metal amount equal to or lower than the detection lower limit of the metal sensor 2 is referred to as a “resin-treated substrate” separately from a substrate containing a general metal.
- the detection lower limit of the metal sensor 2 varies depending on the sensitivity of the metal sensor 2 or the position (surface / inside) of the metal contained in the synthetic resin.
- the sensitivity is increased, the amount of valuable metals mixed in the non-metallic material can be suppressed, but the amount of non-metallic material to be separated may be reduced.
- the sensitivity is lowered, the amount of non-metallic substances to be separated increases, but the amount of valuable metals mixed into the non-metallic substances may also increase.
- Examples of the metal object include substrates including metal such as wiring and leads on the surface or inside, parts such as IC, and wire scraps.
- the electronic / electrical equipment component waste 1 according to the first embodiment is crushed to an appropriate size after being collected.
- the crushing to make the electronic / electrical device component waste 1 may be performed by the processor itself, or may be a product purchased in the city.
- the shape of the raw material is not particularly limited, and may have various shapes. For example, three-dimensional objects such as a linear shape, a plate shape, a cylindrical shape, a columnar shape, a rectangular shape, and an irregular lump shape can be included.
- the crushing method is not limited to a specific device, and either a shearing method or an impact method may be used, but crushing that does not impair the shape of the part is desirable as much as possible. Therefore, devices belonging to the category of grinders intended to be finely ground are not included.
- the electronic / electrical device component waste 1 is preferably crushed to a maximum diameter of about 100 mm or less, more preferably about 50 mm or less, and the representative diameter is about 4 to 70 mm, or about 4 to 50 mm. Is preferred. “Representative diameter” means that any 100 points are extracted from the electronic / electric equipment component waste 1 and the average value of the major diameter of the extracted electronic / electric equipment component waste 1 is calculated and this is repeated five times. The average value of 5 times is represented.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a metal sorter according to the first embodiment.
- the electronic / electric equipment component waste 1 including at least the metal objects 1a 1 , 1a 2 and the non-metal object 1b to the non-metal object 1b or the metal object 1a 1 , 1a
- a separation step of separating the two can be included.
- FIG. 1 is merely an example, and it goes without saying that the positions of the members and the positional relationship between the members are not limited to the example of FIG.
- the metal sorter 10 includes a metal sensor 2, a color camera 3, an air valve 4, and a conveyor 5. In the vicinity of the color camera 3, a color camera illumination 8 for illuminating the imaging field of view of the color camera 3 is provided. A near infrared sensor 6 for further improving detection efficiency may be further provided at a position facing the metal sensor 2 with the conveyor 5 interposed therebetween.
- the metal sensor 2 provided in the metal sorter 10 detects the metal objects 1a 1 and 1a 2 on the conveyor 5. After that, the conveyor 5 conveys / discharges the metal objects 1a 1 , 1a 2 and the non-metal object 1b, and the color camera 3 arranged on the downstream side in the conveying direction of the metal sensor 2 makes the metal objects 1a 1 , 1a 2 and the non-metal object.
- the light emitted from the color camera illumination 8 to the optical detection position by the color camera 3 on the falling locus of the object 1b hits the metal objects 1a 1 , 1a 2 and the non-metal object 1b, and receives the reflected light.
- the discrimination means of the metal sorter 10 discriminates the position of the non-metal object 1b. Then, based on the discrimination information of the non-metallic object 1b, the air valve 4 disposed downstream of the optical detection position of the color camera 3 blows air to the non-metallic object 1b and shoots off the non-metallic object 1b.
- the non-metallic material 1b and the metallic materials 1a 1 and 1a 2 are accommodated in separate sorting containers 7, respectively.
- the air valve 4 may blow off the metal objects 1a 1 and 1a 2 by blowing air to the metal objects 1a 1 and 1a 2 instead of the non-metal object 1b.
- the metal sensor 2 a general-purpose sensor for detecting metal can be adopted.
- a sensor that detects metal using electromagnetic induction can be suitably used.
- the metal sensor 2 including one or a plurality of electromagnetic induction coils (not shown) can be used, and the detection range of the metal sensor 2 can be changed depending on the size of the electromagnetic induction coil.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the detection range of the metal sensor 2 and the electronic / electric equipment component waste 1.
- the detection range of the metal sensor 2 has a width equal to the width of the conveyor 5 (up and down direction in the drawing), and has a length L along the moving direction of the conveyor 5, that is, the conveying direction of the electronic / electric equipment component waste 1. .
- the metal material 1a 1, 1a 2 and non-metallic material 1b contained in the electronic and electric equipment parts waste 1, as shown in FIG. 2, the metal material 1a 1, between the metal material 1a 1
- the non-metal object 1b sandwiched between the metal objects 1a 1 and 1a 2 may not be recognized as the non-metal object 1b and may not be shot down by the air valve 4.
- the cause is that the metal object 1a 1 and the metal object 1a 2 are recognized as one metal object when the distance between the metal object 1a 1 and the metal object 1a 2 that are adjacent to each other is too short. This is because the non-metallic object 1b between 1a 1 and the metal object 1a 2 is not recognized as the non-metallic object 1b.
- the air valve 4 knocks down a metal
- the nonmetallic object 1b may be recognized as a metallic object and shot down.
- the metal objects 1a 1 and 1a 2 in the electronic / electrical device component waste 1 are detected by the metal sensor 2, the non-existence between the metal objects 1a 1 and 1a 2 adjacent to each other is detected.
- at least a certain distance d is provided between the metal object 1a 1 and the metal object 1a 2 adjacent to each other.
- the metal sensor 1a 1 and 1a 2 in the electronic / electric equipment component waste 1 are detected by the metal sensor 2, at least the metal object 1a 1 and the metal object 1a 2 the distance d between the metal material 1a 1 and the metal material 1a 2 which is in a state sandwiching the non-metallic material 1b between the metal material 1a 1 to be greater than the length L of the detection range of the metal sensors, 1a It is preferable to adjust the position of 2 . Thereby, since the metal sensor 2 can recognize the metal object 1a 1 and the metal object 1a 2 as separate metal objects 1a 1 and 1a 2 , it is possible to suppress erroneous detection by the metal sensor 2, and the metal object 1a 1.
- the separation efficiency of the nonmetallic substance 1b existing between 1a 2 can be further improved.
- specifically long detection range of the metal sensor between the metal object 1a 1 and the metal material 1a 2 also those non-metallic material 1b is not present between the metal object 1a 1 and the metal material 1a 2
- By providing a certain interval so as to be larger than the length L it is possible to improve the sorting efficiency between the metal objects 1a 1 , 1a 2 and the non-metal object 1b.
- the metal sensor 2 is not a non-metal object 1b.
- the metal objects 1a 1 and 1a 2 may be recognized as one metal object M as a whole, the non-metal object 1b may not be recognized as a foreign object, and the non-metal object 1b may not be separated.
- the length L of the detection range of the metal sensor 2 belongs to the apparatus and is not particularly limited.
- the electronic / electric equipment component waste targeted by the present invention has a representative diameter of 4 to 70 mm or less. Since there are many things, the length L is preferably 4 mm to 200 mm, more preferably 20 mm to 60 mm. Since the air valve 4 continues to irradiate air while the non-metallic object is flowing, the number of times of air irradiation is less than the length L with respect to the size of the non-metallic object in the electronic / electric equipment part waste. Although it is relatively small, if the length L is too small, the number of times of air irradiation becomes very large and air shortage may occur during operation. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the compressor in order to prevent air shortage. Therefore, it is preferable to select the length L according to the size of the non-metallic material in the electronic / electric equipment component waste.
- the metal objects 1a 1 , 1a 2 and the non-metal object 1b can be obtained by applying vibration to the conveyor 5 or the like. It is preferable to disperse
- variable type may be used. For example, it can be varied between 1 and 5 m / s depending on the situation.
- the opening / closing speed of the air valve 4 is not properly adjusted. In this case, it is difficult to shoot down the non-metallic object 1b to an appropriate position.
- the opening / closing speed of the air valve 4 is preferably 0.5 to 4 ms / time, more preferably 2 to 4 ms / time.
- the metal sorter 10 includes a metal object 1a including a valuable metal handling substrate containing a large amount of metal components such as wiring and leads on the surface or inside thereof. 1 and 1a 2 can be efficiently sorted out from the non-metallic material 1b including the resin-treated substrate that does not contain or contains a trace amount of metal on the surface or inside thereof.
- Sorted metal object 1a 1, 1a during 2 copper since the substrate including the valuable metals precious metals are concentrated, treated sorting comprising a metal material 1a 1, 1a 2 as a processing object in the smelting process By doing so, the recovery efficiency of valuable metals can be improved.
- the separated product separated as the non-metallic material 1b includes a resin-treated substrate containing Sb, which is a smelting inhibitor, a substance that inhibits processing in the smelting process is mixed into the smelting process. This can be suppressed, and the processing efficiency in the smelting process is improved.
- the electronic / electrical device component waste 1 is further subjected to a predetermined pretreatment before being processed by the metal sorter 10 according to the present embodiment, so that the metal objects 1a 1 , 1a 2 in the electronic / electrical device component waste 1 and Sorting efficiency with the non-metal 1b can be improved.
- a predetermined pretreatment before detecting the metal objects 1a 1 and 1a 2 in the electronic / electric equipment component waste 1 with the metal sensor 2, the metal objects 1a 1 , 1a 2 and the non-metallic material contained in the electronic / electric equipment component waste 1
- the ratio of 1b to 70:30 to 20:80, it is possible to improve the sorting efficiency of the metal objects 1a 1 , 1a 2 and the non-metal object 1b.
- the process of removing the powdery material contained in the electronic / electric equipment component waste 1 is included. , It is possible to suppress the soaring of the powder during the sorting process. Thereby, when observing the position of a processing target object with the color camera 3, it can be made easy to observe a processing target, and sorting efficiency increases.
- wind sorting is performed on the electronic / electric equipment component waste 1, and the light-weight material selected in the wind sorting is implemented. It can be a processing target of a form.
- the air volume should be 10-18 m / s, more preferably 15-18 m / s. preferable.
- the optimum wind speed is preferably 5 to 15 m / s, more preferably 8 to 12 m / s.
- the wind speed should be 5-8 m / s, and more preferably 6-7 m / s. Is preferred.
- the electronic / electric equipment component waste processing method is a metal sorter (metal sorter 10) as a final physical sorting process before electronic / electric equipment component waste is introduced into the smelting process.
- metal sorter metal sorter 10
- “Electronic / electrical device parts waste” is a waste product obtained by crushing electronic / electrical devices such as waste home appliances, PCs, mobile phones, etc. Refers to crushed material. In the present invention, crushing to make electronic / electric equipment component waste may be performed by the processor himself, or may be purchased from the city.
- the crushing method is not limited to a specific device, and either a shearing method or an impact method may be used, but crushing that does not impair the shape of the part is desirable as much as possible. Therefore, devices belonging to the category of grinders intended to be finely ground are not included.
- the electronic / electrical equipment component waste according to the second embodiment is a synthetic resin (plastic), wire scrap, metal, film-like component scrap, crushing It can be classified into part wastes consisting of powdery substances generated by pulverization and the like, and can be further classified according to the purpose of processing.
- an electronic / electrical device that is crushed to a particle size of 100 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or less, and the ratio of single parts separated as component waste is 70% or more. Parts waste can be processed appropriately.
- the metal smelting process can be applied to the metal smelting process. Possibility of adversely affecting the copper smelting process such as antimony (Sb), nickel (Ni), aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), etc. on the non-metal side by concentrating suitable valuable metals such as copper, gold and silver Some substances can be transferred to non-metallic materials.
- This increases the recovery efficiency of valuable metals while suppressing the entry of substances affecting the quality of products and by-products in copper smelting and / or smelting inhibitory substances affecting the copper smelting process into the copper smelting process. be able to.
- sorting by the metal sorter may not be performed well.
- the processing in the metal sorter including a metal sensor that sorts a metal object and a non-metal object between the metal object and the detected part waste and the metal object and the detected part waste
- non-metals such as synthetic resins
- the magnetic force sorting process is performed as a pretreatment of the metal sorting process using the metal sorter 10 including the metal sensor 2 according to the first embodiment, and the magnetic force sorting process is performed.
- the number ratio of the metal object and the non-metal object introduced into the metal sorter is adjusted so that the content ratio of the metal object is not more than a predetermined ratio.
- the separation efficiency of metal and non-metal in the metal sorting process can be further improved, so the concentration of valuable metals while keeping the concentration of smelting inhibitor in the metal obtained in the metal sorting process low. Can be further increased.
- a substance that can be detected as a metal by the metal sensor 2 included in the metal sorter used in the metal sorting process is defined as a “metal object”, and a substance that the metal sensor 2 does not detect as a metal is a “non-metal object”. Is defined.
- a substrate containing a metal amount equal to or lower than the detection lower limit of the metal sensor 2, that is, a substrate that is detected as a “non-metal” by the metal sensor 2 is referred to as a “resin-treated substrate”.
- This resin-treated substrate has a higher content of solder resist than that of a substrate containing a large amount of metal, and this solder resist may contain Sb, which is an inhibitor of the smelting process.
- the metal object examples include a substrate including a metal such as a wiring or a lead on the surface or inside, a metal such as iron or stainless steel, a part such as an IC, or wire scraps.
- the metal / non-metal number ratio is 2.0 or less, more preferably 1.0 or less, More preferably, the magnetic force sorting process is performed so as to be 0.3 or less.
- the magnetic force sorting process includes at least two magnetic force sorting steps. Specifically, a first magnetic separation process for removing iron scrap contained in electronic / electric equipment component waste, and electronic / electric equipment component waste from which the iron waste has been removed include nickel and stainless steel component waste. And at least a second magnetic force sorting step having a higher magnetic force than the first magnetic force sorting step for further removing a lead wire containing a ferromagnetic material such as iron or nickel or a substrate on which an electronic component is attached to the surface. It is preferable to include.
- the object to be processed before the magnetic sorting process is mixed with synthetic resins, wire scraps, metal, film-like part scraps, powders generated by crushing and pulverization, etc. used for substrates, parts, and casings.
- synthetic resins wire scraps, metal, film-like part scraps, powders generated by crushing and pulverization, etc. used for substrates, parts, and casings.
- the metal sorting process after the magnetic sorting process if the object to be treated contains a large number of iron scraps, substrates with a lot of lead wires or solder remaining on the surface, etc.
- the metal content ratio in the object is increased, so that the metal sorter is likely to be erroneously detected, and separation of the metal object and the non-metal object becomes more difficult.
- the magnetic force sorter used in the second magnetic force sorting step contains a large amount of ferromagnetic material such as Fe. Mixing of component scraps to be performed is suppressed, and the life of a shell, a conveyor belt, and the like covering the magnet can be extended. Furthermore, the metals selected in the first and second magnetic force selection steps can be divided into iron and stainless steel, respectively, and the material purity of the metal in the selection can be increased.
- a magnetic flux density applied to the target component waste is set to 10 mT to 100 mT, more preferably 20 mT to 50 mT using a suspended magnetic separator. .
- the magnetic flux density given to the target component waste using a high magnetic sorting machine is set to 300 mT to 1200 mT, more preferably 600 mT to 800 mT.
- the magnetic flux density is too small, the amount of the object to be removed such as the substrate is reduced, and if the magnetic flux density is too large, it is not necessary to remove the synthetic resin or the like containing a slight amount of magnetic material such as iron powder on the surface or inside. Non-objects are mixed into the object.
- the magnetic force selection process can be performed in one step of magnetic force selection process according to the type and state of the object to be processed, and magnetic force selection can be performed in three or more steps.
- the object to be treated obtained by the magnetic separation process separates metal or non-metal using a metal sorter.
- the metal sorter can include a metal sensor, a color camera, an air valve, and a conveyor.
- a color camera detects the position of a metal object that is transported on a conveyor and detected by a metal sensor or a non-metal object that is not detected by a metal sensor, and an air valve blows air toward the metal object or non-metal object.
- the metallic object and the non-metallic object are sorted into separate containers.
- the metal objects selected here are sent to a smelting process and can be processed in a copper smelting process using a smelting furnace.
- the magnetic material sorting process is carried out before the metal sorting step, whereby the processing object to be introduced into the metal sorter. Since the metal content of can be reduced, false detection by a metal sorter can be reduced. Furthermore, Ni and Fe, which are one of the smelting inhibitory substances, can be removed in advance in the magnetic separation process, so the concentration of the smelting inhibitory substance in the processing object to be processed in the smelting process is kept low. In addition, it is possible to increase the amount of component waste containing valuable metals. As a result, it is possible to increase the amount of electronic / electrical equipment component waste that is processed in the smelting process, and it is possible to efficiently recover valuable metals.
- sorting processes In addition to the above sorting processes, the following sorting processes can be combined as appropriate. For example, depending on the type of electronic / electric equipment component waste, there may be a case where a large amount of wire waste is contained so that it can be easily discriminated even by visual inspection. In such a case, the electronic / electrical device component waste can be first subjected to a process of removing relatively large wire scraps or the like by hand sorting or machine sorting by a robot or the like.
- the powdery material and the film-shaped parts waste that have an adverse effect on the sorting process after the first wind power sorting process for the electronic / electrical equipment parts waste as a raw material.
- the powdery material and the film-shaped parts waste that have an adverse effect on the sorting process after the first wind power sorting process for the electronic / electrical equipment parts waste as a raw material.
- Select and remove aluminum foil The first wind sorting process separates electronic / electric equipment parts waste into light and heavy parts, but the lighter powders and film parts (resin, aluminum foil, etc.) go through the pre-incineration process. Then, it is preferable to send it to the copper smelting process, and to send the heavy object to the second wind sorting process.
- the air volume is 5 to 20 m / s, more preferably 5 to 12 m / s, further about 5 to 10 m / s, and further 6 to 6 m / s. It can be set at 8 m / s.
- the air volume is 5 to 20 m / s, more preferably 10 to 18 m / s, further 15 to 18 m / s, and further 16 to 17 m. / S or so can be set.
- “removal” or “separation” indicates not only a mode of 100% removal or separation but also a weight ratio in the object of 30% or more, more preferably 50% by mass or more. Such an embodiment is included.
- an electronic / electrical device component waste material is used as a raw material, and a vibrating sieve machine is used for a lightweight material obtained by wind sorting the electronic / electrical device component waste material at 7 m / s.
- the components were further subjected to wind separation at 17 m / s, and the component waste containing the substrate, synthetic resin, etc. was selected on the lightweight object side.
- Magnetic separation processing according to the present embodiment was performed on this component waste. Magnetic separation was performed in two stages. First, using a suspended magnetic separator, a magnetic flux density of 40 mT was applied to the object to be processed to remove iron scraps.
- a magnetic flux density of 600 mT is given to the object to be processed excluding iron scrap, and component scraps including nickel and stainless steel, lead wires and electrons including ferromagnetic substances such as iron and nickel, etc.
- the substrate with the parts attached to the surface was removed.
- the component waste after the second magnetic separation had a metal / non-metal number ratio of about 0.25.
- this component waste was processed at a throughput of 1.0 t / h using a metal sorter with a conveyor belt width of about 1 m, approximately 80% of the synthetic resins in the object to be processed could be removed.
- the electronic / electrical device component waste processing method includes a color sorter 100 including at least two camera units 30a and 30b that can identify the colors of the front and back surfaces of a processing object. And including a step of sorting substrate waste in electronic / electric equipment component waste.
- “Electronic / electrical device component waste” in the third embodiment is waste material obtained by crushing waste electrical appliances / electronics / electrical devices such as PCs and mobile phones. It points to what was done. In the present invention, crushing to make electronic / electric equipment component waste may be performed by the processor himself, or may be purchased from the city.
- the crushing method is not limited to a specific device, and either a shearing method or an impact method may be used. However, as much as possible, crushing that does not impair the shape of the part is desirable. Therefore, devices belonging to the category of grinders intended to be finely ground are not included.
- the electronic / electric equipment component waste is crushed to a maximum diameter of about 100 mm or less, and further about 50 mm or less. Furthermore, it is preferable to separate the raw materials for electronic / electric equipment component scraps according to this embodiment in advance in the form of capacitors, plastics, substrates, wire scraps, ICs, connectors, metals, and the like.
- Electronic / electrical equipment parts scraps according to the third embodiment are synthetic resins (plastics), wire scraps, metals, film-like part scraps used for substrates, parts, cases, etc., powders generated by crushing and crushing It can be classified into parts scraps made up of things and others, and can be further classified according to the purpose of processing. Although not limited to the following, in this embodiment, it is possible to suitably process electronic / electric equipment component waste having a ratio of 70% or more as single component separation.
- the color sorter As an object to be processed by the color sorter according to the third embodiment, after the above-mentioned electronic / electric equipment component waste is subjected to wind sorting and the powdery material and the film-like component waste are removed. It is preferred to treat the material. By removing in advance the light-weight materials such as powder and film-like component waste from the electronic / electric equipment component waste by wind sorting, the powder and film-like component waste etc. in the color sorter and metal sorter described later By soaring and having poor visibility, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the detection capability of the camera unit included in the color sorter or the metal sorter.
- the content ratio of component waste can be increased.
- the wind sorting is preferably performed in at least two stages.
- the air volume is set to 5 to 20 m / s, more preferably 5 to 12 m / s, further about 5 to 10 m / s, and further 6 to 8 m / s. it can.
- the second-stage wind sorting is preferably carried out for the purpose of concentrating the synthetic resin and the substrate from the electronic / electric equipment component waste from which the powder and film-like component waste have been removed.
- the air volume of the second-stage wind sorting can be set at 5 to 20 m / s, more preferably 10 to 18 m / s, further 15 to 18 m / s, and further about 16 to 17 m / s.
- the sieving process is further performed using a sieving machine having a slit-like sieve between the first-stage wind power sorting and the second-stage wind power sorting.
- a sieving machine having a slit-like sieve between the first-stage wind power sorting and the second-stage wind power sorting.
- the non-metallic material When the metallic resin and the non-metallic material are selected using the metal sorter or the like as they are on the processing objects in which the content of the synthetic resins and the substrate thus obtained is concentrated, the non-metallic material is removed. It has been found that metal objects may not be collected with high efficiency.
- the parts waste such as synthetic resin, IC parts, metals, and substrates are mixed.
- the substrate waste can be selectively removed from the substrate.
- the metal sensor, the camera unit, and the electronic / electric equipment component waste after the substrate waste in the electronic / electric equipment component waste is removed.
- the metal sensor provided in the metal sorter discriminates between metal and non-metal.
- the color sorter 100 the substrate waste containing metal objects is selectively removed from the electronic / electric equipment parts waste so that the number ratio of the objects (metal / non-metal) is 2.0 or less. To do. This facilitates the concentration of the metal in the process using the metal sorter after the sorting process by the color sorter 100 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of the color sorter 100 according to the third embodiment.
- the color sorter 100 according to the third embodiment includes a feeder (not shown) that applies vibration to the processing object as necessary, a conveyor 20 that conveys the processing object supplied from the feeder, and a conveyor 20.
- At least two camera units 30a and 30b that identify the colors of the front and back surfaces of the processing object on the fall trajectory emitted from the air, and air is blown to the detection object that the camera units 30a and 30b detect as a removal target, And an air nozzle 50 that shoots the detected object down to the container on the removed object side.
- the color sorter 100 is further provided in the vicinity of a controller (not shown) for adjusting the pressure (air pressure) of air ejected from the air nozzle 50 and the camera units 30a and 30b, and illuminates the field of view of the camera units 30a and 30b.
- the near-infrared sensor illumination 70 and the like may be further included.
- ⁇ There are two types of substrates that are objects to be sorted, one with both sides covered with solder resist and the other with only one side covered with solder resist. Generally, the surface covered with the solder resist is green, and the surface not covered with the solder resist is brown. By setting the detected color to green with the color sorter 100, the surface covered with the solder resist can be detected and the substrate can be selectively removed.
- the detection color is green on the surface covered with the solder resist and brown on the surface not covered with the solder resist.
- the camera units 30a and 30b are in positions for identifying the colors of both the front and back surfaces of the processing object as in the color sorter 100 shown in FIG. 4, one of the front and back surfaces of the processing object is displayed.
- the detection colors of the camera units 30a and 30b may be set so as to identify only the colors.
- the detection color is set to green on the surface covered with the solder resist, so that the plastic (synthetic resin) is erroneously detected.
- the substrate can be selectively removed while suppressing.
- the detection color is preferably green, which is the current standard color of the solder resist, but the detection color may be added according to the color tone of the substrate to be selected. For example, red, blue, black, white, or the like may be added as a detection color according to the color of the substrate to be selected.
- the color sorter 100 in which at least two camera units 30a and 30b that can identify the colors of the front and back surfaces of the processing object are arranged below and above the conveyor 20 is provided.
- the detection range of the camera units 30a and 30b is not particularly limited, but if the detection range is too large or too small, erroneous detection may occur.
- the nozzle cross-sectional area A of the air nozzle 50 is preferably 2 to 6 mm 2 , more preferably 3 to 5 mm 2 .
- the pitch P of the air nozzles 50 is preferably 2 to 8 mm, and more preferably 3 to 6 mm.
- the spray distance of the air sprayed from the air nozzle 50 is preferably 5 to 50 mm, more preferably 5 to 30 mm. More preferably, it is 5 to 10 mm.
- the air pressure ejected from the air nozzle 50 is preferably 0.1 to 1.0 MPa, more preferably 0.8.
- the pressure is 3 to 0.7 MPa, more preferably 0.3 to 0.5 MPa.
- the shape of the hole of the air nozzle 50 has a rectangle, it is not restricted to a rectangle, It can also be circular, an ellipse, and a slit shape.
- the processing amount of electronic / electric equipment component waste to be processed in the smelting process can be increased, and valuable metals can be efficiently used. It becomes possible to collect.
- the processing object was subjected to a process of removing the substrate using the color sorter 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the identification color of the two camera units of the camera unit is green corresponding to the solder resist color of the substrate, the nozzle cross-sectional area A of the air nozzle is 5 mm 2 , the pitch P is 5 mm, the spray distance is 20 mm, and the air pressure is 0.3 MPa.
- the type of parts scrap in the recovered material collected in the container on the recovered material side is determined.
- the result is 53% synthetic resin, 9% substrate waste, 3% metal, and 35% others.
- the substrate waste could be removed appropriately.
- the number ratio (metal / non-metal) of the metal sensor included in the metal sorter for further processing the recovered material is determined as a metal object and the non-metal object, the ratio of metal / non-metal is determined.
- the number ratio was 0.6.
- synthetic resins in the processing object Approximately 66% of the sample could be removed.
- the present invention has been described using the first to third embodiments.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the constituent elements can be modified and embodied without departing from the gist thereof.
- various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, you may combine the component of different embodiment suitably.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る電子・電気機器部品屑1の処理方法の処理対象としては、非金属物及び金属物を少なくとも含む原料であれば特に限定されず、例えば、廃家電製品・PCや携帯電話等の電子・電気機器を破砕した屑が利用できる。
図1は、第1の実施の形態に係るメタルソータの一例を示す概略図である。本実施形態では、例えば図1に示すメタルソータ10を用いて、金属物1a1、1a2及び非金属物1bを少なくとも含む電子・電気機器部品屑1から非金属物1b又は金属物1a1、1a2を分離する分離工程を含むことができる。なお、図1は単なる例示であり、各部材の位置及び各部材間の位置関係等は図1の例に限定されないことは勿論である。
電子・電気機器部品屑1は、本実施形態に係るメタルソータ10で処理する前に、所定の前処理を行うことで、更に、電子・電気機器部品屑1中の金属物1a1、1a2と非金属物1bとの選別効率を向上させることができる。例えば、電子・電気機器部品屑1中の金属物1a1、1a2をメタルセンサー2で検知させる前に、電子・電気機器部品屑1中に含まれる金属物1a1、1a2と非金属物1bとの割合を70:30~20:80とするように調整することにより、金属物1a1、1a2と非金属物1bとの選別効率を向上させることができる。
本発明の第2の実施の形態に係る電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法は、電子・電気機器部品屑を製錬工程に導入する前の物理選別の最終工程として、金属選別機(メタルソータ10)を用いて金属物又は非金属物を選別する金属選別工程を備え、金属選別工程の前処理として磁力選別処理を行い、金属選別機が備えるメタルセンサー2へ導入される金属物及び非金属物の個数比を調整することを含む。
上記の選別処理に加え、以下に示す選別処理を適宜組み合わせることも可能である。例えば、電子・電気機器部品屑の種類によっては、目視で確認しても容易に判別できるほど線屑が多く含有されている場合がある。その場合は、電子・電気機器部品屑に対してまず、手選別又はロボットなどによる機械選別で、前に比較的大きな線屑等を取り除くような処理を行うことができる。
本発明の第3の実施の形態に係る電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法は、処理対象物の表裏両面の色彩を識別可能な少なくとも2台のカメラユニット30a、30bを備える色彩選別機100を用いて、電子・電気機器部品屑中の基板屑を選別する工程を含む。
1b…非金属物
1a1、1a2…金属物
2…メタルセンサー
3…カラーカメラ
4…エアーバルブ
5…コンベア
6…近赤外線センサー
7…選別容器
8…カラーカメラ照明
10…メタルソータ
20…コンベア
30a、30b…カメラユニット
40a、40b…カメラユニット照明
50…エアノズル
60…赤外線センサ
70…赤外線センサ照明
80…メタルセンサー
100…色彩選別機
Claims (12)
- メタルセンサー、カラーカメラ、エアーバルブ、コンベアを備えるソータを用いて、金属物及び非金属物を含む電子・電気機器部品屑から非金属物又は金属物を分離する分離工程を含み、
前記電子・電気機器部品屑中の前記金属物をメタルセンサーで検知させる際に、前記金属物と前記金属物との間に存在する前記非金属物を誤検知しないように、互いに隣接する前記金属物と前記金属物との間に一定の間隔を設けることを特徴とする電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。 - 前記一定の間隔が、前記電子・電気機器部品屑の搬送方向に沿った方向の前記メタルセンサーの検知範囲の長さよりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- メタルセンサー、カラーカメラ、エアーバルブ、コンベアを備えるソータを用いて、金属物及び非金属物を含む電子・電気機器部品屑から非金属物又は金属物を分離する分離工程を含み、
前記電子・電気機器部品屑中の前記金属物をメタルセンサーで検知させる際に、前記金属物と前記金属物との間に存在する前記非金属物を誤検知しないように、少なくとも前記金属物と前記金属物との間に前記非金属物が存在する前記金属物と前記金属物との間隔を、前記電子・電気機器部品屑の搬送方向に沿った方向の前記メタルセンサーの検知範囲の長さよりも大きくすることを特徴とする電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。 - 前記メタルセンサーの検知範囲の長さが、4~200mmであることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記エアーバルブの開閉速度が、0.5~4ms/回であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記電子・電気機器部品屑の代表径が4~70mmであることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記電子・電気機器部品屑中の金属物を前記メタルセンサーで検知させる前に、前記電子・電気機器部品屑中に含まれる粉状物を除去する工程を更に含む請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記電子・電気機器部品屑中の金属物を前記メタルセンサーで検知させる前に、前記金属選別工程の前処理として磁力選別処理を行い、前記メタルセンサーへ導入される前記非金属物に対する前記金属物の個数比が2.0以下となるように前記磁力選別処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記磁力選別処理が少なくとも2段階の磁力選別工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記分離工程の前に、前記メタルセンサーへ導入される前記金属物及び前記非金属物の個数比(金属物/非金属物)が2.0以下となるように、処理対象物の表裏両面の色彩を識別可能な少なくとも2台のカメラユニットを備える色彩選別機を用いて、前記電子・電気機器部品屑中の基板屑を選別する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記色彩選別機を用いて前記電子・電気機器部品屑中の基板屑を選別する工程の前に、風力選別を少なくとも2段階行うことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記非金属物分離後の前記電子・電気機器部品屑を製錬工程で処理する工程を更に有する請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
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