WO2019176638A1 - Système de pile à combustible - Google Patents

Système de pile à combustible Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019176638A1
WO2019176638A1 PCT/JP2019/008556 JP2019008556W WO2019176638A1 WO 2019176638 A1 WO2019176638 A1 WO 2019176638A1 JP 2019008556 W JP2019008556 W JP 2019008556W WO 2019176638 A1 WO2019176638 A1 WO 2019176638A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
flow rate
channel
fuel cell
flow path
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/008556
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
佑輝 向原
康弘 長田
康俊 土肥
厚 早坂
Original Assignee
株式会社デンソー
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社デンソー filed Critical 株式会社デンソー
Publication of WO2019176638A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019176638A1/fr

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537—Electric variables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a fuel cell system.
  • the fuel cell system includes a fuel cell body that generates electricity by an electrochemical reaction between a fuel gas supplied to an anode and an oxidant gas supplied to a cathode, and steam reforming the raw fuel gas containing hydrocarbon fuel to produce hydrogen.
  • a reformer that generates a fuel gas containing Since the anode off gas discharged from the fuel cell main body contains unused hydrogen fuel, in order to reuse this, for example, a fuel recycling technique for circulating using an ejector is known.
  • Patent Document 1 in a fuel cell system using a solid oxide fuel cell (ie, SOFC), an ejector is provided in a fuel gas supply line from a reformer to an SOFC.
  • SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
  • an ejector is driven by fuel gas emitted from a mass device, and anode off-gas is recirculated from the suction portion of the ejector to the SOFC.
  • the anode off gas is sucked into the ejector via a circulation line provided with a cooler and a condenser, for example, and the separated water is heated and supplied to the reformer.
  • the reformed fuel gas whose total material amount is larger than that of the raw fuel gas is used as the driving flow, so that the volume flow rate of the driving flow is increased to increase the flow velocity, and more anodes are provided.
  • the off-gas can be sucked to increase the fuel circulation rate.
  • This system is configured so that the total amount of reformed gas with an increased total amount of material always passes through the ejector. Therefore, for example, even when the required power generation output is low and the load is low, the anode off-gas is supplied at a high circulation rate. Will suck. In that case, the power of the blower that is driven to feed the raw fuel gas into the ejector becomes relatively large with respect to the power generation output, and the power generation efficiency, that is, the ratio of the power that can be supplied to the outside may rather decrease. There is.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to make it possible to adjust the circulation rate of the anode off-gas sucked by the drive flow passing through the ejector, and to reduce the electric power necessary for forming the drive flow according to the power generation output, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell system that can be used.
  • a fuel cell body that generates electricity by an electrochemical reaction between a fuel gas supplied to the anode and an oxidant gas supplied to the cathode;
  • a reformer that reforms the raw fuel gas to produce the fuel gas;
  • a gas supply passage through which the raw fuel gas supplied to the reformer flows;
  • a gas discharge passage through which anode off-gas discharged from the anode flows;
  • a circulation flow path connecting the gas discharge flow path and the gas supply flow path;
  • An ejector that draws the anode off-gas from the circulation flow path using the raw fuel gas as a driving flow and circulates the gas to the gas supply flow path;
  • a flow rate adjusting unit that adjusts the flow rate of the driving gas that forms at least a part of the raw fuel gas supplied from the raw fuel gas supply source to the gas supply flow path and passes through the ejector to form the driving flow;
  • the fuel cell system includes:
  • the flow rate adjusting unit reduces the flow rate of the drive gas supplied to the ejector out of the raw fuel gas, and the circulation flow rate of the anode off gas sucked by the drive flow ejected from the ejector Make it smaller.
  • power such as a blower which sends drive gas to an ejector
  • the flow rate adjusting unit can increase the flow rate of the driving gas in the ejector, increase the circulation flow rate of the anode off gas, and increase the fuel reuse rate.
  • the circulation rate of the anode off-gas sucked by the drive flow passing through the ejector can be adjusted, and the electric power necessary for forming the drive flow can be reduced according to the power generation output, etc.
  • a fuel cell system capable of performing efficient power generation can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a fuel cell system in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the main configuration of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the main configuration of the fuel cell system in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the relationship between load and power generation efficiency in a conventional fuel cell system
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the power generation output of the fuel cell system and the circulation rate of the anode off gas in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart executed in the control unit of the flow rate adjustment unit of the fuel cell system in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the blower power and the flow rate and pressure of raw fuel gas in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the circulation flow rate of the anode off gas and the fuel utilization rate of the fuel cell system and the blower operating voltage in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a time chart showing the process by the flow rate adjustment unit of the fuel cell system and the time variation of the power generation output and the blower power in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the flow rate of raw fuel gas, the fuel concentration, and the fuel flow rate in the ejector of the fuel cell system in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell system in Embodiment 2
  • FIG. 12 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell system in Embodiment 3
  • FIG. 13 is a time chart showing the process by the flow rate adjustment unit of the fuel cell system and the time variation of the power generation output and the blower power in Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 14 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell system in Embodiment 4
  • FIG. 15 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell system in Embodiment 5
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart executed in the control unit of the flow rate adjustment unit of the fuel cell system in Embodiment 5
  • FIG. 17 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 6
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart executed in the control unit of the flow rate adjustment unit of the fuel cell system according to the sixth embodiment.
  • the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment includes a fuel cell main body 2 including an anode 21 and a cathode 22, a reformer 3 that generates fuel gas, and a gas supply channel to the reformer 3. 11, a gas discharge passage 12 through which the anode off-gas flows, a circulation passage 4, an ejector 5, and a flow rate adjustment unit 6.
  • the circulation channel 4 connects the gas discharge channel 12 and the gas supply channel 11, and the ejector 5 sucks the anode off-gas from the circulation channel 4 and circulates it to the gas supply channel 11.
  • the fuel cell system 1 is applied to, for example, a power generation system in a fuel cell vehicle or the like, and supplies power to a load such as a motor or a vehicle auxiliary machine that drives the vehicle.
  • the fuel cell main body 2 has an anode 21 and a cathode 22, and generates power by an electrochemical reaction between a fuel gas supplied to the anode 21 and an oxidant gas supplied to the cathode 22.
  • the fuel cell body 2 is, for example, a solid oxide fuel cell (that is, SOFC), and may be configured as a known cell stack in which a plurality of single cells each having an anode 21 and a cathode 22 disposed on both sides of an electrolyte are stacked. it can. Illustration and description of the detailed configuration of the cell stack are omitted.
  • the reformer 3 reforms the raw fuel gas to generate fuel gas.
  • a gas supply flow path 11 through which raw fuel gas flows is connected to the upstream side of the reformer 3, and raw fuel gas containing fuel and water (for example, water vapor) is supplied.
  • the reformer 3 reacts the raw fuel gas with the reforming catalyst to generate a fuel gas containing hydrogen.
  • the generated fuel gas is supplied to the anode 21 of the fuel cell main body 2 from the fuel gas flow path 16 connected to the downstream side of the reformer 3.
  • An oxidant gas flow path 23 for supplying an oxidant gas (for example, air) to the cathode 22 is connected to the upstream side of the cathode 22 of the fuel cell main body 2.
  • the oxidant gas is supplied from the oxidant gas supply source 24 through the oxidant gas flow path 23 to the cathode 22 and causes a power generation reaction together with the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas flow path 16 to the anode 21.
  • the electric power generated by the fuel cell main body 2 is taken out of the system through a power line (not shown) and used.
  • a gas discharge passage 12 through which the anode off-gas discharged from the anode 21 flows is connected to the downstream side of the anode 21 of the fuel cell main body 2.
  • a combustor 31 is connected downstream of the gas discharge passage 12 to burn the remaining fuel gas contained in the anode off-gas flowing into the combustor 31.
  • Combustion heat generated in the combustor 31 is used for heating the reformer 3 through a path (not shown), or is introduced into the heat exchanger 25 provided in the oxidant gas flow path 23 to be heat with the oxidant. Used for exchange.
  • One end of the circulation channel 4 is connected to the middle of the gas discharge channel 12, and a part of the anode off gas flows in.
  • the other end of the circulation channel 4 is connected to a gas supply channel 11 via an ejector 5.
  • the upstream end of the gas supply flow path 11 is connected to the ejector 5, and the raw fuel gas supply source 10 as the supply source arranged on the upstream side of the ejector 5 is passed through the ejector 5 or not.
  • the raw fuel gas is supplied to the gas supply passage 11.
  • the ejector 5 is configured such that the raw fuel gas passing through the ejector forms a driving flow, sucks the anode off gas from the circulation channel 4, and circulates it to the gas supply channel 11. .
  • the driving gas that forms the driving flow through the ejector 5 includes at least a part of the raw fuel gas supplied from the raw fuel gas supply source 10.
  • the flow rate of the driving gas can be adjusted by the flow rate adjusting unit 6, and is controlled to an optimal flow rate based on the information of each part of the system taken into the control unit 61.
  • the flow rate adjusting unit 6 connects the driving flow path 13 that connects the raw fuel gas supply source 10 and the ejector 5, and connects the driving flow path 13 and the gas supply flow path 11.
  • a flow rate adjusting valve 15 that adjusts the flow rate of the detour flow that flows through the detour channel 14.
  • the flow rate adjusting valve 15 is, for example, an electric three-way valve having a flow rate adjusting function.
  • An electric blower 7 is provided between the raw fuel gas supply source 10 and the ejector 5.
  • the raw fuel gas supply source 10 supplies a raw fuel gas containing fuel and water to the drive channel 13 using the blower 7.
  • the bypass channel 14 is a branch channel that branches from the drive channel 13 and is connected to the gas supply channel 11, and supplies the raw fuel gas to the gas supply channel 11 without going through the ejector 5.
  • the flow rate adjusting valve 15 is provided at a branch portion from the drive flow path 13 to the bypass flow path 14, and the drive is controlled by the control section 61.
  • the control unit 61 changes the flow rate of the bypass gas that branches to the bypass flow path 14 to form the bypass flow by changing the valve opening of the flow rate adjustment valve 15 and the flow rate of the drive gas that passes through the ejector 5. To change.
  • Various information such as required power from a load (not shown), power generation output of the fuel cell main body 2 and power supplied to the blower 7 is input to the control unit 61, and the flow rate adjusting valve 15 is based on the information. By controlling the valve opening degree, it is possible to adjust the bypass gas and the driving gas to have desired flow rates.
  • the ejector 5 includes a nozzle part 51, a suction part 52, a discharge part 53, and a case 54 in which these parts are accommodated.
  • the case 54 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the nozzle portion 51 is arranged in a double cylinder shape inside thereof.
  • the nozzle portion 51 has an upstream end protruding from the case 54 serving as an inlet 511 communicating with the driving flow path 13 (see FIG. 1), and a portion located inside the case 54 is formed in a tapered shape so that an outlet at the downstream end is formed.
  • a throttle channel that decreases in diameter toward the portion 512 is formed.
  • the driving gas introduced into the nozzle portion 51 becomes a driving flow whose flow velocity increases toward the downstream end of the nozzle portion 51, and is ejected to the gas supply channel 11 communicating with the outlet portion 512.
  • the suction part 52 is formed in an annular space formed between the inner peripheral surface of the case 54 and the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle part 51 with an inlet 521 from the circulation channel 4 being opened.
  • the end portion on the inlet portion 511 side of the nozzle portion 51 is closed, and an annular outlet portion 522 is formed outside the outlet portion 512 of the nozzle portion 51.
  • An end portion of the outlet portion 522 of the suction portion 52 is formed in a tapered shape that is reduced in diameter toward the outlet portion 512.
  • the discharge part 53 is configured to include an outlet part 512 of the nozzle part 51 and an outlet part 522 of the suction part 52, and a mixed flow in which the driving flow and the suction flow are mixed at the joining part of the outlet parts 512 and 522. Is discharged into the fuel gas supply path 11.
  • the flow rate of the anode off-gas sucked from the circulation flow path 4 to the suction part 52 (hereinafter referred to as a circulation flow rate as appropriate) varies depending on the flow rate of the drive flow (hereinafter referred to as the drive flow rate as appropriate).
  • the circulation flow rate also increases (that is, the increase in the drive flow rate ⁇ the increase in the circulation flow rate). Therefore, by changing the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 15 to increase or decrease the drive flow rate.
  • the circulation flow rate can be increased or decreased.
  • the driving gas that forms the driving flow is the raw fuel gas supplied from the raw fuel gas supply source 10 and includes fuel and water (that is, H 2 O).
  • the fuel is, for example, city gas containing hydrocarbon fuel such as CH 4 (ie, CnHm).
  • the raw fuel gas discharged to the fuel gas supply path 11 is steam reformed in the reformer 3 to generate fuel gas.
  • the reaction in the reformer 3 is shown below (ie, Formula 1: steam reforming reaction; Formula 2: shift reaction).
  • Formula 1 CnHm + nH 2 O ⁇ nCO + (m / 2 + n) H 2
  • Formula 2 CO + H 2 O ⁇ CO 2 + H 2
  • a fuel gas containing hydrogen (ie, H 2 ), carbon dioxide (ie, CO 2 ), and water (ie, H 2 O) is supplied from the reformer 3 to the fuel cell body 2.
  • H 2 and CO are consumed by power generation.
  • the anode off-gas containing the remaining H 2 , CO, and H 2 O that has not been consumed is discharged.
  • the gas composition supplied to the reformer 3 changes according to the circulation flow rate.
  • the anode off-gas containing residual fuel can be sucked from the circulation flow path 4 and circulated to the gas supply flow path 11 for reuse.
  • the driving gas passing through the ejector 5 from the driving flow path 13 is set to a desired flow rate, and the remainder is bypassed as a bypass gas. It can be branched to the path 14. Accordingly, it is possible to form a desired drive flow and increase or decrease the circulation flow rate from the circulation flow path 4. Accordingly, the power of the blower 7 for sending drive gas that increases or decreases the circulation flow rate to the ejector 5. Can be increased or decreased.
  • the circulation flow rate can be adjusted to be optimal, and the power generation efficiency can be reduced by preventing the power of the blower 7 from becoming larger than necessary. It can be kept relatively high.
  • the problem in the conventional system will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the fuel required for power generation increases and the power generation output Q increases (that is, see the left figure in FIG. 4).
  • the load is low, the fuel required for power generation decreases and the power generation output Q also decreases (that is, FIG. 4 right figure).
  • the drive power W of the blower 7 for supplying the raw fuel gas to the ejector 5 (hereinafter referred to as the blower power W as appropriate) is as follows. It remains relatively large even at low loads. This is because the amount of water supplied to the fuel is relatively large and the total amount of raw fuel gas is kept relatively large.
  • the ratio of the blower power W to the power generation output Q increases, and the power that can be supplied to the user equipment outside the system excluding the blower power W from the power generation output Q (hereinafter referred to as supply power: Q ⁇ Since W) becomes smaller, the power generation efficiency (ie, QW / fuel) is lowered.
  • the drive power W of the blower 7 can be adjusted by adjusting the circulation rate of the anode off gas. Therefore, for example, when the power generation output is small, the circulation rate is reduced, and the raw fuel gas is diverted to the detour channel 14 to reduce the driving gas. As a result, the amount of pressure increase in the blower 7 can be reduced and standby power can be reduced, so that the blower power W with respect to the power generation output can be reduced, and the reduction in power generation efficiency can be suppressed. On the other hand, when the power generation output is large, the power generation efficiency can be further improved by increasing the circulation rate and supplying the raw fuel gas to the drive channel 13 to increase the drive gas.
  • the drive of the blower 7 can be adjusted by the flow rate adjusting unit 6 so that the blower power W does not become larger than necessary with respect to the power generation output.
  • the increase amount ⁇ Q of the power generation output Q as the power generation output change amount (hereinafter referred to as power generation output increase amount ⁇ Q) is the change amount ⁇ W of the blower power W as the blower power change amount (hereinafter referred to as the blower power increase amount ⁇ W).
  • the raw fuel gas is supplied to the drive flow path 13 to increase the drive gas within a larger range (that is, ⁇ Q> ⁇ W). Thereby, a circulation rate can be enlarged and electric power generation efficiency can be improved.
  • step S1 a blower power increase amount ⁇ W that is a difference between the previous value and the current value of the blower power W is calculated.
  • the blower power increase amount ⁇ W takes a positive value when it is in the increasing direction.
  • the blower power W is generally correlated with the flow rate and pressure of the raw fuel gas passing through the blower 7, and the blower power W increases as the flow rate or pressure increases. Therefore, a map corresponding to the blower 7 to be used is stored in the control unit 61 in advance, and the current value of the blower power W is detected by comparing the flow rate and pressure of the raw fuel gas and comparing the previous value.
  • the blower power increase amount ⁇ W can be calculated by using this.
  • step S2 a power generation output increase amount ⁇ Q that is a difference between the previous value and the current value of the power generation output Q is calculated.
  • the power generation output Q is generally represented by the following formula 3.
  • Q V ⁇ I
  • V operating voltage
  • I current
  • V is a parameter that varies depending on the temperature of the cell stack, the amount of fuel flowing through the cell stack, the composition, and the sweep current I. Become.
  • the relationship between the circulation flow rate or fuel utilization rate and the power generation output Q can be stored in advance in a map or the like, and the power generation output increase amount ⁇ Q can be calculated based on the increase amount of the circulation flow rate or fuel utilization rate. .
  • correction or the like can be performed with reference to the map for the various parameters described above that affect the operating voltage V.
  • the cell stack temperature can be measured with a thermocouple.
  • the amount and composition of fuel flowing through the cell stack can be mapped from the input fuel, the circulating flow rate, the amount of water, and the reforming rate ( ⁇ reformer temperature).
  • a flow meter for measuring the circulation flow rate can be arranged in the circulation channel 4.
  • a plurality of pressure gauges are arranged in the circulation channel 4.
  • a method of calculating based on the pressure drop between any two points of the circulation flow path 4 can also be adopted.
  • the circulation flow rate of the circulation channel 4 can be calculated based on the gas composition of the circulation channel 4.
  • the reformer 3 is supplied with raw fuel gas containing, for example, CH 4 as a fuel.
  • the gas type in Equations 1 and 2 is increased. Of these, the fact that the ratio of CO, CO 2 and CH 4 changes may be used.
  • step S3 it is determined whether the power generation output increase amount ⁇ Q is larger than the blower power increase amount ⁇ W (that is, ⁇ Q> ⁇ W?). If a positive determination is made in step S3, the process proceeds to step S4. If a negative determination is made in step S3, the process proceeds to step S5.
  • step S4 the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 15 is changed so that the circulating flow rate increases. That is, the opening of the driving flow path 13 is increased to increase the amount of driving gas, while the opening of the bypass flow path 14 is decreased to decrease the amount of bypass gas that branches.
  • valve opening may be changed so that the change in the flow rate becomes a constant amount, but the degree of change in the flow rate ratio between the driving gas and the bypass gas is determined each time according to the difference between ⁇ Q and ⁇ W. May be. Thereby, for example, the valve opening can be changed so that the difference between ⁇ Q and ⁇ W becomes larger, which is desirable for improving the power generation efficiency.
  • step S5 the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 15 is changed so that the detour flow rate increases. That is, the bypass gas branched by increasing the opening of the bypass channel 14 is increased, while the drive gas is decreased by decreasing the opening of the drive channel 13.
  • the passing flow rate passing through the fuel cell body 2 Decreases rapidly and the fuel concentration gradually increases.
  • the fuel flow threshold TH is set so that the power generation voltage does not fall below a predetermined lower limit value. It is preferable to set and adjust the circulation flow rate within a range that is equal to or greater than the threshold TH.
  • step S4 and step S5 when the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 15 is changed and the increase process is executed, this process is temporarily ended. In this way, the circulation flow rate from the circulation channel 4 can be adjusted without changing the flow rates of the fuel and water supplied from the raw fuel gas supply source 10 to the gas supply channel 11.
  • the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of the first embodiment, the fuel cell main body 2 including the anode 21 and the cathode 22, and the reforming that generates fuel gas. 3, a gas supply flow path 11 to the reformer 3, a gas discharge flow path 12 through which the anode off gas flows, a circulation flow path 4, an ejector 5, and a flow rate adjustment unit 6.
  • the flow path configuration of the flow rate adjustment unit 6 is different from that of the first embodiment, and the following description will focus on the differences.
  • the same reference numerals as those used in the above-described embodiments represent the same components as those in the above-described embodiments unless otherwise indicated.
  • the flow rate adjustment unit 6 includes a fuel supply source 10A and a water supply source 10B as supply sources, a drive flow path 13, a bypass flow path 14, and a flow rate adjustment valve 15, and a control unit 61 (not shown).
  • the drive flow path 13 connects the fuel supply source 10 ⁇ / b> A and the ejector 5 via the blower 7, and a water supply flow path 131 reaching the water supply source 10 ⁇ / b> B is connected downstream of the blower 7.
  • the water supply channel 131 is provided with a water pump 132 and a bypass channel 14 branched from the downstream side of the water pump 132, and is connected to the gas supply channel 11.
  • the flow rate adjusting valve 15 is provided at a branch portion between the water supply flow path 131 and the bypass flow path 14, and branches into the water flow rate supplied from the water supply flow path 131 to the drive flow path 13 and the bypass flow path 14. Adjust the ratio of the water flow rate that forms a bypass flow.
  • the water delivered from the water pump 132 may be room temperature water, or may be water vapor by exchanging heat with part of the anode off-gas, for example.
  • the water supplied from the water supply source 10B from the water supply channel 131 merges with the fuel supplied from the fuel supply source 10A to the drive channel 13 to become the raw fuel gas.
  • This raw fuel gas becomes the driving gas as it is, and a driving flow passing through the ejector 5 is formed.
  • the controller 61 changes the valve opening of the flow rate adjustment valve 15 to adjust the flow rate of water that bypasses the water supply flow path 131 to the bypass flow path 14, and the drive flow rate that passes through the ejector 5.
  • the circulation flow rate from the circulation channel 4 can be adjusted.
  • the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. That is, according to the power generation output, the circulation flow rate from the circulation flow path 4 can be increased or decreased to prevent the blower power from increasing more than necessary, and efficient power generation can be performed. Further, in this embodiment, the flow rate adjustment valve 15 is arranged in the water supply flow path 131 and branched to the bypass flow path 14 upstream from joining the drive flow path 13, so that the flow rate adjustment valve 15 is made smaller. Can be reduced.
  • the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of the first embodiment, and includes a fuel cell main body 2 including an anode 21 and a cathode 22, and reforming that generates fuel gas. 3, a gas supply flow path 11 to the reformer 3, a gas discharge flow path 12 through which the anode off gas flows, a circulation flow path 4, an ejector 5, and a flow rate adjustment unit 6.
  • the flow path configuration of the flow rate adjustment unit 6 is different from that of the first embodiment, and the following description will focus on the differences.
  • the flow rate adjustment unit 6 includes a drive flow path 13 that connects the raw fuel gas supply source 10 and the ejector 5 via the blower 7, a gas introduction flow path 17, a flow rate adjustment valve 18, and a control unit 61 (not shown). .
  • One end of the gas introduction channel 17 is connected to the fuel gas channel 16 on the downstream side of the reformer 3, and the other end is connected to the drive channel 13 on the upstream side of the blower 7.
  • a flow rate adjustment valve 18 is arranged in the middle of the gas introduction flow path 17, and the flow rate of the introduced gas introduced into the drive flow path 13 can be adjusted by changing the valve opening degree.
  • the flow rate adjustment valve 18 is, for example, an electric two-way valve, and the drive is controlled by the control unit 61.
  • the raw fuel gas supplied from the raw fuel gas supply source 10 to the drive flow path 13 becomes the drive gas, and a drive flow passing through the ejector 5 is formed. Furthermore, the fuel gas from the gas introduction flow path 17 can be merged into the drive flow path 13 as the introduction gas, and the drive gas can be increased.
  • the drive flow rate can be increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the flow rate of the bypass gas that branches from the raw fuel gas. However, as in the present embodiment, the flow rate of the introduction gas that merges with the raw fuel gas is changed. The drive flow rate can also be increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing it.
  • the flow rate adjusting valve 18 can be driven by the controller 61 in the same manner as shown in FIG.
  • the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 18 is adjusted in the range from fully closed to fully open, and accordingly, the passing flow rate of the flow rate adjusting valve 18 increases.
  • the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 18 increases stepwise, and the drive flow rate increases.
  • the gas introduction channel 17 may be configured to be connected to the gas supply channel 11 on the upstream side of the reformer 3 instead of being connected to the fuel gas channel 16 on the downstream side of the reformer 3. .
  • the gas introduced into the gas introduction channel 17 is the raw fuel gas supplied to the gas supply channel 11 or is circulated to the raw fuel gas through the ejector 5 to the gas supply channel 11.
  • the mixed gas is the anode off gas.
  • the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. That is, according to the power generation output, the circulation flow rate from the circulation flow path 4 can be increased or decreased to prevent the blower power from increasing more than necessary, and efficient power generation can be performed. Further, in this embodiment, there is no need to provide a flow path switching means for flow rate adjustment, so that the configuration of the flow rate adjustment valve 18 can be simplified.
  • Embodiment 4 which concerns on a fuel cell system is demonstrated with reference to FIG.
  • the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of the fourth embodiment, the fuel cell main body 2 including the anode 21 and the cathode 22, and the reforming that generates fuel gas. 3, a gas supply flow path 11 to the reformer 3, a gas discharge flow path 12 through which the anode off gas flows, a circulation flow path 4, an ejector 5, and a flow rate adjustment unit 6.
  • the flow path configuration of the flow rate adjusting unit 6 is different from that of the fourth embodiment, and the difference will be mainly described below.
  • the flow rate adjusting unit 6 of this embodiment has a fuel supply source 10A and a water supply source 10B as supply sources.
  • the water supply source 10B is a gas downstream of the ejector 5 by a bypass channel 14.
  • the supply channel 11 is connected.
  • the detour channel 14 is provided with a water pump 132 and sends water at a predetermined flow rate from the water supply source 10 ⁇ / b> B to the gas supply channel 11.
  • the fuel supply source 10 ⁇ / b> A is connected to the drive flow path 13 through the blower 7 and the ejector 5. Further, the drive flow path 13 on the upstream side of the blower 7 and the fuel gas flow path 16 are connected by a gas introduction flow path 17 including a flow rate adjusting valve 18.
  • the flow rate adjustment valve 18 can adjust the flow rate of the fuel gas as the introduction gas introduced into the drive flow path 13 by adjusting the valve opening degree by the control unit 61 (not shown).
  • a driving flow passing through the ejector 5 is formed by the driving gas containing the fuel supplied from the fuel supply source 10A to the driving flow path 13. Furthermore, the fuel gas from the gas introduction channel 17 can be merged into the drive channel 13 as an introduction gas. As a result, the drive flow rate passing through the ejector 5 can be adjusted, and the circulation flow rate of the anode off gas sucked from the circulation flow path 4 can be adjusted.
  • the mixed gas of the drive gas and the anode off gas discharged from the ejector 5 is further mixed with water supplied from the water supply source 10 ⁇ / b> B via the bypass channel 14, and then the reformer. 3 is supplied.
  • the circulation flow rate can be adjusted without changing the flow rates of the fuel and water as the raw fuel gas, and the above embodiment The same effect as 4 can be obtained. That is, according to the power generation output, the circulation flow rate from the circulation flow path 4 can be increased or decreased to prevent the blower power from increasing more than necessary, and efficient power generation can be performed. In addition, since it is not necessary to provide flow path switching means for flow rate adjustment, the configuration of the flow rate adjustment valve 18 can be simplified.
  • the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of the first embodiment, the fuel cell main body 2 including the anode 21 and the cathode 22, and the reforming that generates fuel gas. 3, a gas supply flow path 11 to the reformer 3, a gas discharge flow path 12 through which the anode off gas flows, a circulation flow path 4, an ejector 5, and a flow rate adjustment unit 6.
  • the flow rate adjusting unit 6 includes a drive flow path 13, a bypass flow path 14 (not shown), and a flow rate adjustment valve 15, and is configured to be able to circulate anode off gas from the circulation flow path 4 using the ejector 5. Further, the circulation flow rate measuring means 41 is provided in the circulation flow path 4, and the control unit 61 calculates the calculation result of the blower power increase amount ⁇ W and the power generation output increase amount ⁇ Q, and further determines the circulation flow rate by the circulation flow rate measurement means 41. The circulating flow rate is adjusted based on the measurement result.
  • the circulation flow rate measuring means 41 can be a flow meter for measuring the circulation flow rate in the circulation flow path 4 as described above. In that case, it is desirable to arrange a flow meter in consideration of heat resistance. Further, instead of directly measuring the circulation flow rate, a plurality of pressure gauges are arranged in the circulation flow path 4 to calculate based on the pressure drop between any two points of the circulation flow path 4, or the circulation flow path 4 The circulating flow rate measuring means 41 can also be configured so that the circulating flow rate of is calculated based on the gas composition of the circulating flow path 4.
  • step S11 the blower power increase amount ⁇ W, which is the difference between the previous value and the current value of the blower power W, is calculated. Then, in step S12, the previous value and the current value of the power generation output Q are calculated. The power generation output increase amount ⁇ Q, which is the difference between the two, is calculated.
  • step S14 the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 15 is changed so that the circulating flow rate increases. That is, the opening of the driving flow path 13 is increased to increase the amount of driving gas, while the opening of the bypass flow path 14 is decreased to decrease the amount of bypass gas that branches.
  • step S15 the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 15 is changed so that the detour flow rate increases. That is, the bypass gas branched by increasing the opening of the bypass channel 14 is increased, while the drive gas is decreased by decreasing the opening of the drive channel 13.
  • Steps S11 to S15 are the same as steps S1 to S5 in FIG. 6 described above, and details thereof are omitted.
  • step S14 when the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 15 is changed and the increase process is executed, this process is temporarily terminated.
  • step S16 the process returns to step S14, and the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 15 is changed so that the circulating flow rate increases. As a result, the circulation flow rate> 0, so that this process is temporarily terminated.
  • the pressure detection means 62 can be, for example, a pressure gauge disposed in the drive flow path 13. As the flow rate of the drive gas introduced from the drive flow path 13 into the ejector 5 increases, the load applied to the blower 7 increases. Therefore, in order to prevent the blower 7 from being damaged, it is possible to detect the pressure of the driving gas passing through the nozzle portion 51 of the ejector 5 as the blower pressure and adjust the flow rate so that the detection result does not exceed a predetermined value. desirable.
  • step S24 it is determined whether or not the blower pressure is less than the pressure threshold (that is, blower pressure ⁇ pressure threshold?). If an affirmative determination is made in step S24, it is determined that the blower pressure is within the allowable range, the process proceeds to step S25, and the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 15 is changed so that the circulation flow rate increases. That is, the opening of the driving flow path 13 is increased to increase the amount of driving gas, while the opening of the bypass flow path 14 is decreased to decrease the amount of bypass gas that branches.
  • the pressure threshold that is, blower pressure ⁇ pressure threshold?

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de pile à combustible (1) qui comprend : un corps de pile à combustible (2), qui génère de l'énergie au moyen d'une réaction entre un gaz oxydant fourni à une cathode (22) et un gaz combustible fourni à une anode (21) ; un reformeur (3), qui reforme un gaz combustible brut et génère le gaz combustible ; un canal d'alimentation en gaz (11) destiné à canaliser le gaz combustible brut fourni au reformeur (3) ; un canal de circulation (4) destiné à relier le canal d'alimentation en gaz (11) et un canal d'évacuation de gaz (12) canalisant un dégagement gazeux d'anode ; un éjecteur (5) destiné à aspirer le dégagement gazeux d'anode à partir du canal de circulation (4) à l'aide du gaz combustible brut en tant qu'écoulement d'entraînement, et à provoquer la circulation du dégagement gazeux d'anode dans le canal d'alimentation en gaz (11) ; et une unité de réglage de débit (6) destiné à ajuster le débit d'un gaz d'entraînement, qui comprend au moins une partie du gaz combustible brut fourni à partir d'une source d'alimentation (10) du gaz combustible brut au canal d'alimentation en gaz (11), et qui passe à travers l'éjecteur (5) et forme un flux d'entraînement.
PCT/JP2019/008556 2018-03-13 2019-03-05 Système de pile à combustible WO2019176638A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2018045914A JP6879237B2 (ja) 2018-03-13 2018-03-13 燃料電池システム
JP2018-045914 2018-03-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019176638A1 true WO2019176638A1 (fr) 2019-09-19

Family

ID=67906652

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2019/008556 WO2019176638A1 (fr) 2018-03-13 2019-03-05 Système de pile à combustible

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6879237B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019176638A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2021174670A (ja) * 2020-04-24 2021-11-01 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池システム

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2024111346A (ja) * 2023-02-06 2024-08-19 株式会社アイシン 燃料電池システム

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007311072A (ja) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-29 Acumentrics Corp 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法
JP2013235735A (ja) * 2012-05-09 2013-11-21 Denso Corp 燃料電池システム
JP2016132592A (ja) * 2015-01-20 2016-07-25 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 水素生成装置及び燃料電池システム
JP2017076471A (ja) * 2015-10-13 2017-04-20 株式会社デンソー 燃料電池システム

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007311072A (ja) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-29 Acumentrics Corp 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法
JP2013235735A (ja) * 2012-05-09 2013-11-21 Denso Corp 燃料電池システム
JP2016132592A (ja) * 2015-01-20 2016-07-25 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 水素生成装置及び燃料電池システム
JP2017076471A (ja) * 2015-10-13 2017-04-20 株式会社デンソー 燃料電池システム

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2021174670A (ja) * 2020-04-24 2021-11-01 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池システム
JP7238849B2 (ja) 2020-04-24 2023-03-14 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池システム

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2019160570A (ja) 2019-09-19
JP6879237B2 (ja) 2021-06-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8795917B2 (en) Fuel cell system with control of the pressure of the reactants within the system
US10581096B2 (en) Fuel cell system
CA2811184C (fr) Systeme de pile a combustible avec modification d'ecoulement de combustible intermittente sans egard aux conditions de charge
JP2004095528A (ja) 燃料電池システム
WO2009005136A1 (fr) Système de pile à combustible et son procédé de commande de courant
JP5459414B2 (ja) 燃料電池システム
CN110637386B (zh) 燃料电池系统
JP2012160361A (ja) 燃料電池システム
CN101283474B (zh) 燃料电池系统及其运转方法
JP5704228B2 (ja) 燃料電池システム
WO2019176638A1 (fr) Système de pile à combustible
WO2013105590A1 (fr) Système de pile à combustible
JP5804181B2 (ja) 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法
JP2006032168A (ja) 燃料電池システム
WO2013129453A1 (fr) Système de pile à combustible et procédé de commande pour système de pile à combustible
JP4984435B2 (ja) 燃料電池システムおよび制御方法
JP5915730B2 (ja) 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法
WO2007116814A1 (fr) Système de pile à combustible et son procédé de commande
JP2007005170A (ja) 燃料電池システム
KR100786481B1 (ko) 연료전지 시스템 운전제어 방법 및 장치와 이를 채용한직접 메탄올형 연료전지 시스템
JP7016025B2 (ja) 燃料電池システムおよびその運転方法
WO2018212214A1 (fr) Système de pile à combustible
JP5509728B2 (ja) 燃料電池システム
JP2008004468A (ja) 燃料電池発電システム、および、その制御装置ならびに制御方法
JP6358932B2 (ja) 燃料電池システム

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19767870

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19767870

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1