WO2019174433A1 - 激光投射模组、深度相机和电子装置 - Google Patents

激光投射模组、深度相机和电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019174433A1
WO2019174433A1 PCT/CN2019/075377 CN2019075377W WO2019174433A1 WO 2019174433 A1 WO2019174433 A1 WO 2019174433A1 CN 2019075377 W CN2019075377 W CN 2019075377W WO 2019174433 A1 WO2019174433 A1 WO 2019174433A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
light
lenses
type
projection module
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/075377
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韦怡
Original Assignee
Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201810201139.0A external-priority patent/CN108594449B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201810200425.5A external-priority patent/CN108508619B/zh
Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority to US16/467,145 priority Critical patent/US10962870B2/en
Priority to EP19725917.9A priority patent/EP3567426B1/en
Publication of WO2019174433A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019174433A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/30—Collimators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
    • G02B27/4205—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4296—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with sources of high radiant energy, e.g. high power lasers, high temperature light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/021—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses for more than one lens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/48—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor adapted for combination with other photographic or optical apparatus
    • G03B17/54—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor adapted for combination with other photographic or optical apparatus with projector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
    • H01S5/42—Arrays of surface emitting lasers
    • H01S5/423—Arrays of surface emitting lasers having a vertical cavity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of imaging technologies, and in particular, to a laser projection module, a depth camera, and an electronic device.
  • the laser projection module is composed of a light source, a collimating element, and a diffractive optical element (DOE).
  • DOE diffractive optical element
  • a lens structure is generally included in the collimating element.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a laser projection module, a depth camera, and an electronic device.
  • the laser projection module of the embodiment of the present application includes a light source, a collimating element, and a diffractive optical element; the light source is for emitting a laser; the collimating element is for collimating the laser, and the collimating element includes one or more a lens, one or more of the lenses disposed on a light-emitting path of the light source; the diffractive optical element for diffracting the collimated laser light of the collimating element to form a laser pattern.
  • the depth camera of the embodiment of the present application includes the laser projection module, the image collector and the processor according to the above embodiments; the image collector is configured to collect a laser pattern projected through the diffractive optical element and projected into the target space; The processor is respectively connected to the laser projection module and the image collector, and the processor is configured to process the laser pattern to obtain a depth image.
  • the electronic device of the embodiment of the present application includes a housing and the depth camera described in the above embodiment, the depth camera being disposed in the housing and exposed from the housing to acquire a depth image.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a laser projection module according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 are partial schematic structural views of a laser projection module according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser projection module according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • 6 to 18 are partial structural views of a collimating element of a laser projection module according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a depth camera according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • 20 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” or “second” may include one or more of the described features either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality” is two or more unless specifically and specifically defined otherwise.
  • connection In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connection”, and “connection” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed connection, for example, or Removable connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication with each other; can be direct connection or indirect connection through intermediate medium, can be internal connection of two components or two components Interaction relationship.
  • connection connection
  • the laser projection module 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes a light source 40 , a collimating element 50 , and a diffractive optical element 60 .
  • Light source 40 is used to emit laser light.
  • the collimating element 50 is used to collimate the laser.
  • the collimating element 50 includes one or more lenses that are disposed on the illuminating light path of the light source 40.
  • the diffractive optical element 60 is used to diffract the collimated laser light of the collimating element 50 to form a laser pattern.
  • the lens is made of a plastic material.
  • the collimating element 50 includes a plurality of lenses.
  • the plurality of lenses includes at least one first type of lens and at least one second type of lens.
  • the first type of lens is made of glass and the second type of lens is made of plastic.
  • the collimating element 50 includes a first lens 51 .
  • the first lens 51 includes a first light incident surface 511 and a first light emitting surface 512 opposite to each other.
  • the first light incident surface 511 is a concave surface
  • the first light exit surface 512 is a convex surface.
  • the collimating element 50 includes a plurality of lenses that are coaxially disposed in sequence on the illuminating light path of the light source 40.
  • the plurality of lenses includes a first lens 51 and a second lens 52 .
  • the first lens 51 includes a first light incident surface 511 and a first light emitting surface 512 opposite to each other.
  • the second lens 52 includes opposite second light incident surfaces 521 and second light exit surfaces 522.
  • the apex of the first light-emitting surface 512 is in contact with the apex of the second light-incident surface 521.
  • the first light incident surface 511 is a concave surface
  • the second light exit surface 522 is a convex surface.
  • the first light-emitting surface 512 and the second light-incident surface 521 are both convex.
  • the plurality of lenses includes a first lens 51 , a second lens 52 , and a third lens 53 .
  • the first lens 51 includes a first light incident surface 511 and a first light emitting surface 512 opposite to each other.
  • the second lens 52 includes opposite second light incident surfaces 521 and second light exit surfaces 522.
  • the third lens 53 includes a third light incident surface 531 and a third light emitting surface 532 opposite to each other.
  • the third light incident surface 531 is a concave surface
  • the third light emitting surface 532 is a convex surface.
  • the first light incident surface 511 is a convex surface
  • the first light emitting surface 512 is a concave surface
  • the second light incident surface 521 is a concave surface
  • the second light exit surface 522 is a concave surface.
  • the plurality of lenses includes a first lens 51 , a second lens 52 , and a third lens 53 .
  • the first lens 51 is a first type lens
  • the second lens 52 and the third lens 53 are second type lenses
  • the second lens 52 is a first type lens
  • the first lens 51 and the third lens 53 are second type lenses.
  • the third lens 53 is a first type lens, the first lens 51 and the second lens 52 are second type lenses; or the first lens 51 and the second lens 52 are first type lenses, and the third lens 53 is second Or the second lens 52 and the third lens 53 are the first type of lens, the first lens 51 is the second type lens; or the first lens 51 and the third lens 53 are the first type lens, and the second lens 52 is The second type of lens.
  • the plurality of lenses includes four lenses. Two of the lenses are the first type of lens, and the other two lenses are the second type of lens; or one of the lenses is the first type of lens, and the other three lenses are the second type of lens; or three of the lenses are the first type of lens The other lens is a second type of lens.
  • the collimating element 50 includes a plurality of lenses that are sequentially disposed on the illuminating light path of the light source 40.
  • the optical axes of at least one of the lenses are offset relative to the optical axes of the other lenses.
  • the collimating element 50 includes a plurality of lenses.
  • the optical centers of the at least two lenses are located on the same plane perpendicular to the first direction, the first direction being the direction from the light source 40 to the diffractive optical element 60.
  • the optical axis of at least one lens is parallel to the optical axes of the other lenses.
  • source 40 is a vertical cavity surface emitting laser; or source 40 is an edge emitting laser.
  • source 40 is an edge emitting laser.
  • the light source 40 includes a light emitting surface 41 that faces the collimating element 50.
  • the laser projection module 100 further includes a substrate assembly 10 and a lens barrel 20 .
  • the lens barrel 20 is disposed on the substrate assembly 10 and forms a housing cavity 21 together with the substrate assembly 10.
  • the light source 40, the collimating element 50, and the diffractive optical element 60 are housed in the housing chamber 21.
  • the substrate assembly 10 includes a substrate 11 and a circuit board 12 carried on the substrate 11 .
  • the circuit board 12 is provided with a via 121, and the light source 40 is carried on the substrate 11 and housed in the via 121.
  • the depth camera 400 of the embodiment of the present application includes a laser projection module 100 , an image collector 200 , and a processor 300 .
  • the image collector 200 is used to collect a laser pattern projected through the diffractive optical element 60 into the target space.
  • the processor 300 is connected to the laser projection module 100 and the image collector 200, respectively, and the processor 300 is configured to process the laser pattern to obtain a depth image.
  • the electronic device 1000 of the embodiment of the present application includes a housing 500 and a depth camera 400 .
  • the depth camera 400 is disposed within the housing 500 and exposed from the housing 500 to acquire a depth image.
  • a laser projection module 100 includes a substrate assembly 10 , a lens barrel 20 , a protective cover 30 , a light source 40 , a collimating element 50 , and a diffractive optical element 60 .
  • the substrate assembly 10 includes a substrate 11 and a circuit board 12 carried on the substrate 11.
  • the material of the substrate 11 may be plastic, for example, Polyethylene Glycol Terephthalate (PET), Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), Polycarbonate (PC), Poly Any one or more of imide (Polyimide, PI).
  • PET Polyethylene Glycol Terephthalate
  • PMMA Polymethyl Methacrylate
  • PC Polycarbonate
  • PI Polyimide
  • the substrate 11 is light in weight and has sufficient support strength.
  • the circuit board 12 can be a hard board, a soft board or a soft and hard board.
  • a via 121 is formed in the circuit board 12.
  • the light source 40 is fixed to the substrate 11 through the via 121 and electrically connected to the circuit board 12.
  • a heat dissipation hole 111 may be formed on the substrate 11 , and heat generated by the operation of the light source 40 or the circuit board 12 may be dissipated from the heat dissipation hole 111 , and the heat dissipation hole may be filled in the heat dissipation hole 111 to further improve the heat dissipation performance of the substrate assembly 10 .
  • the lens barrel 20 is disposed on the substrate assembly 10 and forms a housing cavity 21 together with the substrate assembly 10.
  • the light source 40, the collimating element 50, and the diffractive optical element 60 are housed in the housing chamber 21.
  • the collimating element 50 and the diffractive optical element 60 are sequentially disposed on the light-emitting path of the light source 40.
  • the lens barrel 20 includes a top portion 22 and a bottom portion 23 opposite to each other.
  • the lens barrel 20 is formed with a through hole 24 penetrating the top portion 22 and the bottom portion 23.
  • the bottom portion 23 is carried on the substrate assembly 10, and specifically can be fixed to the circuit board 12 by glue.
  • the inner wall of the lens barrel 20 extends to the center of the through hole 24 with an annular carrier 25 on which the diffractive optical element 60 is carried.
  • the protective cover 30 is disposed on the top portion 22, and the protective cover 30 includes an abutting surface 31 located in the receiving cavity 21 and opposed to the substrate 11.
  • the protective cover 30 and the carrier 25 respectively interfere with the diffractive optical element 60 from opposite sides of the diffractive optical element 60.
  • the abutting surface 31 is a surface of the protective cover 30 that interferes with the diffractive optical element 60.
  • the laser projection module 100 is in contact with the diffractive optical element 60 by the protective cover 30 to accommodate the diffractive optical element 60 in the housing cavity 21, and to prevent the diffractive optical element 60 from falling off in the light-emitting direction.
  • the protective cover 30 can be made of a metallic material such as nanosilver, metallic silver wire, copper sheet, or the like.
  • the protective cover 30 is provided with a light transmission hole 32.
  • the light transmission hole 32 is aligned with the through hole 24.
  • the light transmission hole 32 is for emitting a laser pattern projected by the diffractive optical element 60.
  • the aperture of the light-transmitting aperture 32 is smaller than at least one of the width or length of the diffractive optical element 60 to confine the diffractive optical element 60 within the housing cavity 21.
  • the protective cover 30 can be made of a light transmissive material such as glass, polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (Polycarbonate, PC), polyimide (Polyimide, PI). )Wait. Since the light-transmitting materials such as glass, PMMA, PC, and PI all have excellent light-transmitting properties, the protective cover 30 can be omitted from opening the light-transmitting holes 32. In this manner, the protective cover 30 can prevent the diffractive optical element 60 from being exposed to the outside of the lens barrel 20 while preventing the diffractive optical element 60 from falling off, and can function as a waterproof and dustproof for the diffractive optical element 60.
  • a light transmissive material such as glass, polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (Polycarbonate, PC), polyimide (Polyimide, PI).
  • Light source 40 is used to emit laser light.
  • the light source 40 may be a Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) or an edge-emitting laser (EEL).
  • the light source 40 is an edge emitting laser.
  • the light source 40 may be a Distributed Feedback Laser (DFB).
  • the light source 40 is for emitting laser light into the housing chamber 21. Referring to FIG. 2 , the light source 40 has a column shape as a whole, and the light source 40 forms a light emitting surface 41 away from one end surface of the substrate assembly 10 , and the laser light is emitted from the light emitting surface 41 .
  • the light emitting surface 41 faces the collimating element 50 and the light emitting surface 41 and the collimating element 50 .
  • the collimating optical axis is vertical, and the collimating optical axis passes through the center of the light emitting surface 51.
  • the light source 40 is fixed on the substrate assembly 10.
  • the light source 40 can be bonded to the substrate assembly 10 by a sealant 70.
  • a side of the light source 40 opposite to the light-emitting surface 41 is bonded to the substrate assembly 10. 1 and 3, the side surface 42 of the light source 40 may also be bonded to the substrate assembly 10.
  • the sealant 70 wraps around the side surface 42 or may bond only one side of the side surface 42 to the substrate assembly 10 or adhere. A plurality of faces and substrate assemblies 10 are bonded.
  • the sealant 70 may be a thermal conductive adhesive to conduct heat generated by the operation of the light source 40 into the substrate assembly 10.
  • the light source 40 of the laser projection module 100 adopts an edge emitting laser.
  • the temperature of the transmitting laser is smaller than that of the VCSEL array.
  • the edge emitting laser is a single-point light emitting structure, it is not necessary to design an array structure, and the manufacturing is simple.
  • the light source 40 of the laser projection module 100 is low in cost.
  • the gain of the power is obtained through the feedback of the grating structure.
  • the injection current increases, the power consumption of the distributed feedback laser increases and the heat generation is severe.
  • it is necessary to increase the length of the distributed feedback laser resulting in a distributed feedback laser generally having a slender structure.
  • the edge emitting laser has a slender strip structure, the emitting laser is prone to accidents such as dropping, shifting or shaking, and thus setting
  • the encapsulant 70 is capable of holding the edge emitting laser to prevent accidents such as dropping, displacement or shaking of the emitting laser.
  • the light source 40 can also be secured to the substrate assembly 10 in a fixed manner as shown in FIG.
  • the laser projection module 100 includes a plurality of support blocks 80.
  • the support block 80 can be fixed on the substrate assembly 10.
  • the plurality of support blocks 80 collectively surround the light source 40.
  • the light source 40 can be directly mounted on the plurality of support blocks during installation. Between 80.
  • the plurality of support blocks 80 collectively clamp the light source 40 to further prevent the light source 40 from sloshing.
  • the collimating element 50 is used to collimate the laser light emitted by the light source 40.
  • the collimating element 50 is fixed to the lens barrel 20, and the stage 25 is located between the collimating element 50 and the diffractive optical element 60.
  • the collimating element 50 includes one or more lenses that are disposed on the illuminating light path of the light source 40.
  • the one or more lenses may be made of a plastic material. Since the lenses of the collimating element 50 are made of plastic material, the cost is low and mass production is convenient.
  • the collimating element 50 includes a plurality of lenses disposed on the illuminating light path of the light source 40.
  • the plurality of lenses includes at least one first type of lens and at least one second type of lens.
  • the first type of lens is made of glass and the second type of lens is made of plastic. Since the first type of lens is made of glass material, the problem of temperature drift of the lens when the ambient temperature changes is solved; the second type lens is made of plastic material, and the cost is low and the mass production is convenient.
  • the collimating element 50 may include only the first lens 51.
  • the first lens 51 includes a first light incident surface 511 and a first light emitting surface 512 opposite to each other.
  • the first light incident surface 511 is a surface of the first lens 51 close to the light source 40
  • the first light exit surface 512 is a surface of the first lens 51 close to the diffractive optical element 60.
  • the first light incident surface 511 is a concave surface
  • the first light exit surface 512 is a convex surface.
  • the surface shape of the first lens 51 may be an aspherical surface, a spherical surface, a Fresnel surface, or a binary optical surface.
  • the aperture is disposed between the light source 40 and the first lens 51 for limiting the light beam.
  • the collimating element 50 can include a plurality of lenses that are coaxially disposed in sequence on the illuminating light path of the light source 40.
  • the shape of each lens may be any one of an aspherical surface, a spherical surface, a Fresnel surface, and a binary optical surface.
  • the plurality of lenses may include a first lens 51 and a second lens 52.
  • the first lens 51 and the second lens 52 are coaxially disposed on the light-emitting path of the light source 40 in order.
  • the first lens 51 includes a first light incident surface 511 and a first light emitting surface 512 opposite to each other.
  • the first light incident surface 511 is a surface of the first lens 51 close to the light source 40
  • the first light exit surface 512 is a surface of the first lens 51 close to the diffractive optical element 60.
  • the second lens 52 includes opposite second light incident surfaces 521 and second light exit surfaces 522.
  • the second light incident surface 521 is a surface of the second lens 52 close to the light source 40
  • the second light exit surface 522 is a surface of the second lens 52 close to the diffractive optical element 60.
  • the apex of the first light-emitting surface 512 is in contact with the apex of the second light-incident surface 521
  • the first light-incident surface 511 is a concave surface
  • the second light-emitting surface 522 is a convex surface.
  • the aperture is disposed on the second light incident surface 521 for limiting the light beam. Further, the first light-emitting surface 512 and the second light-incident surface 521 may both be convex surfaces.
  • the apex of the first light-emitting surface 512 is prevented from colliding with the apex of the second light-incident surface 521.
  • the radius of curvature of the first light-emitting surface 512 is smaller than the curvature of the second light-incident surface 521.
  • the first lens 51 is a first type lens
  • the second lens 52 is a second type lens, that is, the first lens 51 is made of glass material, and the second lens 52 is made of plastic.
  • the second lens 52 is a first type lens
  • the first lens 51 is a second type lens; that is, the second lens 52 is made of a glass material, and the first lens 51 is made of a plastic material.
  • the plurality of lenses may further include a first lens 51, a second lens 52, and a third lens 53.
  • the first lens 51, the second lens 52, and the third lens 53 are coaxially disposed on the light-emitting path of the light source 40 in order.
  • the first lens 51 includes a first light incident surface 511 and a first light emitting surface 512 opposite to each other.
  • the first light incident surface 511 is a surface of the first lens 51 close to the light source 40
  • the first light exit surface 512 is a surface of the first lens 51 close to the diffractive optical element 60.
  • the second lens 52 includes opposite second light incident surfaces 521 and second light exit surfaces 522.
  • the second light incident surface 521 is a surface of the second lens 52 close to the light source 40
  • the second light exit surface 522 is a surface of the second lens 52 close to the diffractive optical element 60
  • the third lens 53 includes a third light incident surface 531 and a third light emitting surface 532 opposite to each other.
  • the third light incident surface 531 is a surface of the third lens 53 close to the light source 40
  • the third light exit surface 532 is a surface of the third lens 53 close to the diffractive optical element 60.
  • the third light incident surface 531 is a concave surface
  • the third light emitting surface 532 is a convex surface.
  • the aperture is disposed on the third light exit surface 532 for limiting the light beam.
  • first light incident surface 511 may be a convex surface
  • first light emitting surface 512 is a concave surface
  • second light incident surface 521 is a concave surface
  • the second light emitting surface 522 is a concave surface.
  • the first lens 51 is a first type lens
  • the second lens 52 and the third lens 53 are second type lenses
  • the second lens 52 is a first type lens
  • a lens 51 and a third lens 53 are second type lenses
  • the third lens 53 is a first type lens
  • the first lens 51 and the second lens 52 are second type lenses
  • the lens 52 is a first type lens
  • the third lens 53 is a second type lens
  • the second lens 52 and the third lens 53 are a first type lens
  • the first lens 51 is a second type lens
  • the first lens The 51 and third lenses 53 are a first type of lens
  • the second lens 52 is a second type of lens.
  • the plurality of lenses may further include a first lens 51, a second lens 52, a third lens 53, and a fourth lens 54.
  • Two of the lenses are the first type of lenses, and the other two lenses are the second type of lenses.
  • the first lens 51 and the second lens 52 are the first type of lenses
  • the third lens 53 and the fourth lens 54 are the second type.
  • a lens; or one of the lenses is a first type of lens, and the other three lenses are a second type of lens.
  • the first lens 51 is a first type lens
  • the second lens 52, the third lens 53, and the fourth lens 54 are a second type of lens
  • three of the lenses are a first type of lens
  • the other lens is a second type of lens
  • the first lens 51, the second lens 52, and the third lens 53 are first type lenses
  • fourth Lens 54 is a second type of lens.
  • the plurality of lenses may include a greater number of lenses, and only a plurality of lenses including at least one first type lens and at least one second type lens may be satisfied.
  • the collimating element 50 includes a plurality of lenses.
  • a plurality of lenses are sequentially disposed on the light-emitting path of the light source 40, and the optical axes of the at least one lens are offset with respect to the optical axes of the other lenses.
  • the structure of the lens barrel 20 may be in one or more stages, and each stage structure is used to mount a corresponding lens.
  • the collimating element 50 includes a first lens 51, a second lens 52, and a third lens 53.
  • the first lens 51, the second lens 52, and the third lens 53 are sequentially disposed on the light-emitting path of the light source 40.
  • the optical axis of the second lens 52 is offset with respect to the optical axis of the first lens 51, the optical axis of the first lens 51 coincides with the optical axis of the third lens 53 (as shown in FIG. 10), and further, the second lens 52
  • the optical axis may be parallel to the optical axis of the first lens 51.
  • the structure of the lens barrel 20 may have a two-stage structure, and the first segment structure 26 is used to mount the first lens 51 and the second lens 52, and the second segment structure 27 for mounting the third lens 53, the first segment structure 26 is obliquely connected to the second segment structure 27, and the second lens 52 is mounted at the junction of the first segment structure 26 and the second segment structure 27, thus, a plurality of The lens forming the bent shape structure is advantageous for increasing the optical path, thereby reducing the overall height of the laser projection module 100.
  • the inner walls of the first segment structure 26 and the second segment structure 27 are coated with a reflective coating, and the reflective coating is used for The light is reflected such that the light emitted by the light source 40 can sequentially pass through the first light incident surface 511, the first light exit surface 512, the second light incident surface 521, the second light exit surface 522, the third light incident surface 531, and the third light output.
  • the first segment structure 26 and the second segment structure 27 may also be independent of the lens barrel a reflective element of 20, the reflective element is disposed on the lens barrel 20, the reflective element is a prism or a mirror, etc., and the reflective element is for reflecting light to change the direction of the optical path; or the optical axis of the first lens 51 is opposite to the second lens 52.
  • the optical axis shifts, the optical axis of the second lens 52 coincides with the optical axis of the third lens 53 (as shown in FIG. 11), and further, the optical axis of the first lens 51 can be parallel to the optical axis of the second lens 52.
  • the optical axis of the third lens 53 is offset with respect to the optical axis of the first lens 51, and the optical axis of the first lens 51 coincides with the optical axis of the second lens 52 (as shown in FIG. 12), further,
  • the optical axis of the three lens 53 may be parallel to the optical axis of the first lens 51; or, the optical axis of the second lens 52 may be offset with respect to the optical axis of the first lens 51, and the optical axis of the third lens 53 with respect to the first lens
  • the optical axis of 51 is shifted, the optical axis of the second lens 52 and the optical axis of the third lens 53 are located on the same side of the optical axis of the first lens 51 (as shown in FIG.
  • the axis may be parallel to the optical axis of the second lens 52, the optical axis of the first lens 51 is parallel to the optical axis of the third lens 53, and the optical axis of the second lens 52 is The optical axes of the three lenses 53 are parallel; or, the optical axis of the second lens 52 is offset with respect to the optical axis of the first lens 51, and the optical axis of the third lens 53 is offset with respect to the optical axis of the first lens 51, and second The optical axis of the lens 52 and the optical axis of the third lens 53 are located on the opposite sides of the optical axis of the first lens 51 (as shown in FIG. 14).
  • the optical axis of the first lens 51 and the light of the second lens 52 may be The axes are parallel, the optical axis of the first lens 51 is parallel to the optical axis of the third lens 53, and the optical axis of the second lens 52 is parallel to the optical axis of the third lens 53.
  • the optical axis of the second lens 52 is offset with respect to the optical axis of the first lens 51
  • the optical axis of the third lens 53 is offset with respect to the optical axis of the first lens 51
  • the optical axis of the second lens 52 is The optical axis of the third lens 53 is located on the opposite side of the optical axis of the first lens 51.
  • the plurality of lenses forming a bent shape structure is advantageous for increasing the optical path, increasing the focal length, and reducing the height of the laser projection module 100.
  • the collimating element 50 may also include more lenses. For example, referring to FIG.
  • the collimating element 50 includes a first lens 51, a second lens 52, a third lens 53, a fourth lens 54, and a fifth lens. 55, and a sixth lens 56.
  • the first lens 51, the second lens 52, the third lens 53, the fourth lens 54, the fifth lens 55, and the sixth lens 56 are sequentially disposed on the light-emitting path of the light source 40.
  • the optical axis of the second lens 52 is offset with respect to the optical axis of the first lens 51
  • the optical axis of the third lens 53 is offset with respect to the optical axis of the first lens 51
  • the optical axis of the second lens 52 and the third lens 53 are
  • the optical axis is located on the opposite side of the optical axis of the first lens 51
  • the optical axis of the fourth lens 54 coincides with the optical axis of the second lens 52
  • the optical axis of the fifth lens 55 coincides with the optical axis of the third lens 53.
  • the optical axis of the six lens 56 coincides with the optical axis of the first lens 51.
  • the structure of the lens barrel 20 is the same as or similar to that of the lens barrel 20 shown in FIG. 10 , and the structure of the lens barrel 20 may be a segment or Multi-segment structure will not be described here.
  • the collimating element 50 includes a plurality of lenses, the optical centers of the at least two lenses being in the same plane perpendicular to the first direction, the first direction being the direction from the source 40 to the diffractive optical element 60.
  • the collimating element 50 includes a first lens 51, a second lens 52, and a third lens 53.
  • the optical center of the first lens 51 is on the same plane as the optical center of the second lens 52 (as shown in FIG. 16), and the optical axis of the first lens 51 and the optical axis of the second lens 52 may be located in the light of the third lens 53.
  • the optical axis of the second lens 52 is located on the same plane as the optical center of the third lens 53 (as shown in FIG.
  • the optical axis of the second lens 52 and the optical axis of the third lens 53 are Located on the opposite side of the optical axis of the first lens 51; or, the optical center of the first lens 51 is on the same plane as the optical center of the third lens 53; or, the optical center of the first lens 51, the light of the second lens 52
  • the heart and the optical center of the third lens 53 are all on the same plane (as shown in FIG. 18).
  • the optical axis of the first lens 51 may be parallel to the optical axis of the second lens 52
  • the optical axis of the first lens 51 is parallel to the optical axis of the third lens 53
  • the optical axis of the second lens 52 and the third lens 53 The optical axes are parallel.
  • the diffractive optical element 60 is used to diffract the collimated laser light of the collimating element 50 to form a laser pattern.
  • the diffractive optical element 60 includes opposite diffraction exit faces 61 and diffractive incident faces 62.
  • the protective cover 30 can be adhered to the top portion 22 by glue, and the abutting surface 31 is in contact with the diffraction exit surface 61, and the diffractive incident surface 62 is in contact with the stage 25 so that the diffractive optical element 60 does not fall out of the receiving cavity 21 in the light exiting direction.
  • the diffractive optical element 60 may be made of a glass material or a composite plastic such as PET.
  • the collimating element 50 and the substrate assembly 10 on which the light source 40 is mounted are placed in the through hole 24 in order from the bottom portion 23 of the lens barrel 20 along the optical path.
  • the light source 40 can be mounted on the substrate assembly 10 first, and then the substrate assembly 10 on which the light source 40 is mounted is fixed to the bottom portion 23.
  • the diffractive optical element 60 is placed in the direction of the optical path from the top 22 into the through hole 24 and carried on the stage 25, and then the protective cover 30 is mounted, and the diffraction exit surface 61 of the diffractive optical element 60 is brought into contact with the protective cover 30,
  • the diffractive incident surface 62 is in interference with the carrier 25.
  • the laser projection module 100 has a simple structure and is convenient to assemble.
  • the depth camera 400 of the embodiment of the present application includes the laser projection module 100 , the image collector 200 , and the processor 300 of any of the above embodiments.
  • the image collector 200 is configured to collect a laser pattern projected through the diffractive optical element 50 into the target space.
  • the processor 300 is connected to the laser projection module 100 and the image collector 200, respectively.
  • the processor 300 is for processing a laser pattern to obtain a depth image.
  • the laser projection module 100 projects the laser pattern projected into the target space outward through the projection window 401, and the image collector 200 collects the laser pattern modulated by the target object through the acquisition window 402.
  • the image collector 200 may be an infrared camera.
  • the processor 300 calculates an offset value of each pixel point in the laser pattern and a corresponding pixel point in the reference pattern by using an image matching algorithm, and further obtains the depth of the laser pattern according to the deviation value.
  • image may be a Digital Image Correlation (DIC) algorithm. Of course, other image matching algorithms can be used instead of the DIC algorithm.
  • DIC Digital Image Correlation
  • an electronic device 1000 includes a housing 500 and a depth camera 400 of the above embodiment.
  • the depth camera 400 is disposed within the housing 500 and exposed from the housing 500 to acquire a depth image.
  • the electronic device 1000 includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart helmet, smart glasses, and the like.

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Abstract

一种激光投射模组(100)、深度相机(400)和电子装置(1000)。激光投射模组(100)包括光源(40)、准直元件(50)及衍射光学元件(60)。光源(40)用于发射激光。准直元件用于准直激光。准直元件(50)包括一个或多个透镜，一个或多个透镜设置在光源(40)的发光光路上。衍射光学元件(60)用于衍射准直元件(50)准直后的激光以形成激光图案。

Description

激光投射模组、深度相机和电子装置
优先权信息
本申请请求2018年3月12日向中国国家知识产权局提交的、专利申请号为201810201139.0和201810200425.5的专利申请的优先权和权益，并且通过参照将其全文并入此处。
技术领域
本申请涉及成像技术领域，特别涉及一种激光投射模组、深度相机和电子装置。
背景技术
激光投射模组由光源、准直元件和衍射光学元件(diffractive optical elements，DOE)组成。准直元件中一般包括有透镜结构。
发明内容
本申请实施方式提供一种激光投射模组、深度相机和电子装置。
本申请实施方式的激光投射模组包括光源、准直元件及衍射光学元件；所述光源用于发射激光；所述准直元件用于准直所述激光，所述准直元件包括一个或多个透镜，一个或多个所述透镜设置在所述光源的发光光路上；所述衍射光学元件用于衍射所述准直元件准直后的激光以形成激光图案。
本申请实施方式的深度相机包括上述实施方式所述的激光投射模组、图像采集器和处理器；所述图像采集器用于采集经所述衍射光学元件后向目标空间中投射的激光图案；所述处理器分别与所述激光投射模组、及所述图像采集器连接，所述处理器用于处理所述激光图案以获得深度图像。
本申请实施方式的电子装置包括壳体及上述实施方式所述的深度相机，所述深度相机设置在所述壳体内并从所述壳体暴露以获取深度图像。
本申请实施方式的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点可以从结合下面附图对实施方式的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本申请某些实施方式的激光投射模组的结构示意图；
图2至图4是本申请某些实施方式的激光投射模组的部分结构示意图；
图5是本申请某些实施方式的激光投射模组的结构示意图；
图6至图18是本申请某些实施方式的激光投射模组的准直元件的部分结构示意图；
图19是本申请某些实施方式的深度相机的结构示意图；
图20是本申请某些实施方式的电子装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施方式，所述实施方式的示例在附图中示出，其中，相同或类似的标号自始至终表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施方式是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请的实施方式，而不能理解为对本申请的实施方式的限制。
在本申请的实施方式的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请的实施方式和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的实施方式的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个所述特征。在本申请的实施方式的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请的实施方式的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“连接”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或可以相互通讯；可以是直接连接，也可以通过中间媒介间接连接，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请的实施方式中的具体含义。
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施方式或例子用来实现本申请的实施方式的不同结构。为了简化本申请的实施方式的公开，下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。当然，它们仅仅为示例，并且目的不在于限制本申请。此外，本申请的实施方式 可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或参考字母，这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的，其本身不指示所讨论各种实施方式和/或设置之间的关系。此外，本申请的实施方式提供了的各种特定的工艺和材料的例子，但是本领域普通技术人员可以意识到其他工艺的应用和/或其他材料的使用。
请参阅图1，本申请实施方式的激光投射模组100包括光源40、准直元件50及衍射光学元件60。光源40用于发射激光。准直元件50用于准直激光。准直元件50包括一个或多个透镜，一个或多个透镜设置在光源40的发光光路上。衍射光学元件60用于衍射准直元件50准直后的激光以形成激光图案。
请参阅图1，在某些实施方式中，透镜采用塑料材质制成。
请参阅图5，在某些实施方式中，准直元件50包括多个透镜。多个透镜包括至少一个第一类透镜和至少一个第二类透镜。第一类透镜采用玻璃材质制成，第二类透镜采用塑料材质制成。
请参阅图1和图6，在某些实施方式中，准直元件50包括第一透镜51。第一透镜51包括相背的第一入光面511和第一出光面512。第一入光面511为凹面，第一出光面512为凸面。
请参阅图5，在某些实施方式中，准直元件50包括多个透镜，多个透镜共轴依次设置在光源40的发光光路上。
请参阅图1和图7，在某些实施方式中，多个透镜包括第一透镜51和第二透镜52。第一透镜51包括相背的第一入光面511和第一出光面512。第二透镜52包括相背的第二入光面521和第二出光面522。第一出光面512的顶点与第二入光面521的顶点抵触。第一入光面511为凹面，第二出光面522为凸面。
请参阅图7，在某些实施方式中，第一出光面512和第二入光面521均为凸面。
请参阅图1和图8，在某些实施方式中，多个透镜包括第一透镜51、第二透镜52、及第三透镜53。第一透镜51包括相背的第一入光面511和第一出光面512。第二透镜52包括相背的第二入光面521和第二出光面522。第三透镜53包括相背的第三入光面531和第三出光面532。第三入光面531为凹面，第三出光面532为凸面。
请参阅图8，在某些实施方式中，第一入光面511为凸面，第一出光面512为凹面。第二入光面521为凹面，第二出光面522为凹面。
请参阅图8，在某些实施方式中，多个透镜包括第一透镜51、第二透镜52、及第三透镜53。第一透镜51为第一类透镜，第二透镜52和第三透镜53为第二类透镜；或者第二透镜52为第一类透镜，第一透镜51和第三透镜53为第二类透镜；或者第三透镜53为第一类透镜，第一透镜51和第二透镜52为第二类透镜；或者第一透镜 51和第二透镜52为第一类透镜，第三透镜53为第二类透镜；或者第二透镜52和第三透镜53为第一类透镜，第一透镜51为第二类透镜；或者第一透镜51和第三透镜53为第一类透镜，第二透镜52为第二类透镜。
请参阅图5和图9，在某些实施方式中，多个透镜包括四个透镜。其中两个透镜为第一类透镜，另外两个透镜为第二类透镜；或者其中一个透镜为第一类透镜，另外三个透镜为第二类透镜；或者其中三个透镜为第一类透镜，另外一个透镜为第二类透镜。
请参阅图5和图10，在某些实施方式中，准直元件50包括多个透镜，多个透镜依次设置在光源40的发光光路上。至少一个透镜的光轴相对于其他透镜的光轴偏移。
请参阅图5和图16，在某些实施方式中，准直元件50包括多个透镜。至少两个透镜的光心位于与第一方向垂直的同一平面上，第一方向为由光源40至衍射光学元件60的方向。
请参阅图10和图16，在某些实施方式中，至少一个透镜的光轴与其他透镜的光轴平行。
请参阅图1，在某些实施方式中，光源40为垂直腔面发射激光器；或者光源40为边发射激光器。
请参阅图1和图2，在某些实施方式中，光源40为边发射激光器。光源40包括发光面41，发光面41朝向准直元件50。
请参阅图1，在某些实施方式中，激光投射模组100还包括基板组件10和镜筒20。镜筒20设置在基板组件10上并与基板组件10共同形成收容腔21。光源40、准直元件50及衍射光学元件60均收容在收容腔21内。
请参阅图1，在某些实施方式中，基板组件10包括基板11及承载在基板11上的电路板12。电路板12开设有过孔121，光源40承载在基板11上并收容在过孔121内。
请参阅图19，本申请实施方式的深度相机400包括激光投射模组100、图像采集器200和处理器300。图像采集器200用于采集经衍射光学元件60后向目标空间中投射的激光图案。处理器300分别与激光投射模组100、及图像采集器200连接，处理器300用于处理激光图案以获得深度图像。
请参阅图20，本申请实施方式的电子装置1000包括壳体500及深度相机400。深度相机400设置在壳体500内并从壳体500暴露以获取深度图像。
请参阅图1，本申请实施方式的激光投射模组100包括基板组件10、镜筒20、保护罩30、光源40、准直元件50、及衍射光学元件60。
基板组件10包括基板11及承载在基板11上的电路板12。基板11的材料可以为塑料，例如，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(Polyethylene Glycol Terephthalate，PET)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(Polymethyl Methacrylate，PMMA)、聚碳酸酯(Polycarbonate，PC)、聚酰亚胺(Polyimide，PI)中的任意一种或多种。如此，基板11的质量较轻且具有足够的支撑强度。电路板12可以是硬板、软板或软硬结合板。电路板12上开设有过孔121。光源40通过过孔121固定在基板11上并与电路板12电连接。基板11上可以开设有散热孔111，光源40或电路板12工作产生的热量可以由散热孔111散出，散热孔111内还可以填充导热胶，以进一步提高基板组件10的散热性能。
镜筒20设置在基板组件10上并与基板组件10共同形成收容腔21。光源40、准直元件50、及衍射光学元件60均收容在收容腔21内。准直元件50与衍射光学元件60依次设置在光源40的发光光路上。镜筒20包括相背的顶部22及底部23。镜筒20形成有贯穿顶部22及底部23的通孔24。底部23承载在基板组件10上，具体可通过胶水固定在电路板12上。镜筒20的内壁向通孔24的中心延伸有环形承载台25，衍射光学元件60承载在承载台25上。
保护罩30设置在顶部22上，保护罩30包括位于收容腔21内并与基板11相对的抵触面31。保护罩30及承载台25分别从衍射光学元件60的相背两侧抵触衍射光学元件60。抵触面31为保护罩30的与衍射光学元件60相抵触的表面。激光投射模组100利用保护罩30抵触衍射光学元件60以使衍射光学元件60收容在收容腔21内，并防止衍射光学元件60沿出光方向脱落。
在某些实施方式中，保护罩30可由金属材料制成，例如纳米银丝、金属银线、铜片等。保护罩30开设有透光孔32。透光孔32与通孔24对准。透光孔32用于出射衍射光学元件60投射的激光图案。透光孔32的孔径大小小于衍射光学元件60的宽度或长度中的至少一个以将衍射光学元件60限制在收容腔21内。
在某些实施方式中，保护罩30可由透光材料制成，例如玻璃、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(Polymethyl Methacrylate，PMMA)、聚碳酸酯(Polycarbonate，PC)、聚酰亚胺(Polyimide，PI)等。由于玻璃、PMMA、PC、及PI等透光材料均具有优异的透光性能，保护罩30可以不用开设透光孔32。如此，保护罩30能够在防止衍射光学元件60脱落的同时，避免衍射光学元件60裸露在镜筒20的外面，对衍射光学元件60起到防水、防尘的作用。
光源40用于发射激光。光源40可以是垂直腔面发射激光器(Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser，VCSEL)或者边发射激光器(edge-emitting laser，EEL)。在如图1所示的实施例中，光源40为边发射激光器，具体地，光源40可以为分布反馈式激光器 (Distributed Feedback Laser，DFB)。光源40用于向收容腔21内发射激光。请结合图2，光源40整体呈柱状，光源40远离基板组件10的一个端面形成发光面41，激光从发光面41发出，发光面41朝向准直元件50且发光面41与准直元件50的准直光轴垂直，准直光轴穿过发光面51的中心。光源40固定在基板组件10上，具体地，光源40可以通过封胶70粘结在基板组件10上，例如光源40的与发光面41相背的一面粘接在基板组件10上。请结合图1和图3，光源40的侧面42也可以粘接在基板组件10上，封胶70包裹住四周的侧面42，也可以仅粘结侧面42的某一个面与基板组件10或粘结某几个面与基板组件10。此时封胶70可以为导热胶，以将光源40工作产生的热量传导至基板组件10中。
上述的激光投射模组100的光源40采用边发射激光器，一方面边发射激光器较VCSEL阵列的温漂较小，另一方面，由于边发射激光器为单点发光结构，无需设计阵列结构，制作简单，激光投射模组100的光源40成本较低。
分布反馈式激光器的激光在传播时，经过光栅结构的反馈获得功率的增益。要提高分布反馈式激光器的功率，需要通过增大注入电流和/或增加分布反馈式激光器的长度，由于增大注入电流会使得分布反馈式激光器的功耗增大并且出现发热严重的问题，因此，为了保证分布反馈式激光器能够正常工作，需要增加分布反馈式激光器的长度，导致分布反馈式激光器一般呈细长条结构。当边发射激光器的发光面41朝向准直元件50时，边发射激光器呈竖直放置，由于边发射激光器呈细长条结构，边发射激光器容易出现跌落、移位或晃动等意外，因此通过设置封胶70能够将边发射激光器固定住，防止边发射激光器发生跌落、位移或晃动等意外。
在某些实施方式中，光源40也可以采用如图4所示的固定方式固定在基板组件10上。具体地，激光投射模组100包括多个支撑块80，支撑块80可以固定在基板组件10上，多个支撑块80共同包围光源40，在安装时可以将光源40直接安装在多个支撑块80之间。在一个例子中，多个支撑块80共同夹持光源40，以进一步防止光源40发生晃动。
准直元件50用于准直光源40发射的激光。准直元件50固定在镜筒20上，承载台25位于准直元件50与衍射光学元件60之间。准直元件50包括一个或多个透镜，一个或多个透镜设置在光源40的发光光路上。请参阅图1，在一个实施方式中，该一个或多个透镜可采用塑料材质制成。由于准直元件50的透镜均由塑料材质制成，成本较低、便于量产。请参阅图5，在另一个实施方式中，准直元件50包括多个透镜，多个透镜设置在光源40的发光光路上。多个透镜包括至少一个第一类透镜和至少一个第二类透镜。第一类透镜采用玻璃材质制成，第二类透镜采用塑料材质制成。由于 第一类透镜采用玻璃材质制成，解决了环境温度变化时透镜会产生温漂现象的问题；第二类透镜采用塑料材质制成，成本较低、便于量产。
请一并参阅图1及图6，在某些实施方式中，准直元件50可仅包括第一透镜51，第一透镜51包括相背的第一入光面511和第一出光面512。第一入光面511为第一透镜51靠近光源40的表面，第一出光面512为第一透镜51靠近衍射光学元件60的表面。第一入光面511为凹面，第一出光面512为凸面。第一透镜51的面型可以为非球面、球面、菲涅尔面、或二元光学面。光阑设置在光源40与第一透镜51之间，用于对光束起限制作用。
在某些实施方式中，准直元件50可包括多个透镜，多个透镜共轴依次设置在光源40的发光光路上。每个透镜的面型可以为非球面、球面、菲涅尔面、二元光学面中的任意一种。
例如：请一并参阅图1及图7，多个透镜可包括第一透镜51和第二透镜52。第一透镜51和第二透镜52共轴依次设置在光源40的发光光路上。第一透镜51包括相背的第一入光面511和第一出光面512。第一入光面511为第一透镜51靠近光源40的表面，第一出光面512为第一透镜51靠近衍射光学元件60的表面。第二透镜52包括相背的第二入光面521和第二出光面522。第二入光面521为第二透镜52靠近光源40的表面，第二出光面522为第二透镜52靠近衍射光学元件60的表面。第一出光面512的顶点与第二入光面521的顶点抵触，第一入光面511为凹面，第二出光面522为凸面。光阑设置在第二入光面521上，用于对光束起限制作用。进一步地，第一出光面512和第二入光面521可均为凸面。如此，便于第一出光面512的顶点与第二入光面521的顶点抵触。第一出光面512的曲率半径小于第二入光面521的曲率。
在图7所示的准直元件50中，第一透镜51为第一类透镜，第二透镜52为第二类透镜，即，第一透镜51采用玻璃材质制成，第二透镜52采用塑料材质制成；或者，第二透镜52为第一类透镜，第一透镜51为第二类透镜；即，第二透镜52采用玻璃材质制成，第一透镜51采用塑料材质制成。
请一并参阅图1及图8，多个透镜还可包括第一透镜51、第二透镜52、及第三透镜53。第一透镜51、第二透镜52、及第三透镜53共轴依次设置在光源40的发光光路上。第一透镜51包括相背的第一入光面511和第一出光面512。第一入光面511为第一透镜51靠近光源40的表面，第一出光面512为第一透镜51靠近衍射光学元件60的表面。第二透镜52包括相背的第二入光面521和第二出光面522。第二入光面521为第二透镜52靠近光源40的表面，第二出光面522为第二透镜52靠近衍射光学元件60的表面。第三透镜53包括相背的第三入光面531和第三出光面532。第三入 光面531为第三透镜53靠近光源40的表面，第三出光面532为第三透镜53靠近衍射光学元件60的表面。第三入光面531为凹面，第三出光面532为凸面。光阑设置在第三出光面532上，用于对光束起限制作用。进一步地，第一入光面511可为凸面，第一出光面512为凹面，第二入光面521为凹面，第二出光面522为凹面。
在图8所示的准直元件50中，第一透镜51为第一类透镜，第二透镜52和第三透镜53为第二类透镜；或者，第二透镜52为第一类透镜，第一透镜51和第三透镜53为第二类透镜；或者，第三透镜53为第一类透镜，第一透镜51和第二透镜52为第二类透镜；或者，第一透镜51和第二透镜52为第一类透镜，第三透镜53为第二类透镜；或者，第二透镜52和第三透镜53为第一类透镜，第一透镜51为第二类透镜；或者，第一透镜51和第三透镜53为第一类透镜，第二透镜52为第二类透镜。
请一并参阅图5及图9，多个透镜还可包括第一透镜51、第二透镜52、第三透镜53、及第四透镜54。其中两个透镜为第一类透镜，另外两个透镜为第二类透镜，例如，第一透镜51和第二透镜52为第一类透镜，第三透镜53和第四透镜54为第二类透镜；或者其中一个透镜为第一类透镜，另外三个透镜为第二类透镜，例如，第一透镜51为第一类透镜，第二透镜52、第三透镜53、及第四透镜54为第二类透镜；或者其中三个透镜为第一类透镜，另外一个透镜为第二类透镜，例如，第一透镜51、第二透镜52、及第三透镜53为第一类透镜，第四透镜54为第二类透镜。
当然，在其他例子中，多个透镜可包括更多数量的透镜，只需满足多个透镜包括至少一个第一类透镜和至少一个第二类透镜即可。
在某些实施方式中，准直元件50包括多个透镜。多个透镜依次设置在光源40的发光光路上，至少一个透镜的光轴相对于其他透镜的光轴偏移。此时，镜筒20的结构可呈一段或多段结构，每段结构用于安装对应的透镜。
例如：请一并参阅图10至图14，准直元件50包括第一透镜51、第二透镜52和第三透镜53。第一透镜51、第二透镜52和第三透镜53依次设置在光源40的发光光路上。第二透镜52的光轴相对于第一透镜51的光轴偏移，第一透镜51的光轴与第三透镜53的光轴重合(如图10所示)，进一步地，第二透镜52的光轴可与第一透镜51的光轴平行，此时，镜筒20的结构可呈两段结构，第一段结构26用于安装第一透镜51与第二透镜52，第二段结构27用于安装第三透镜53，第一段结构26与第二段结构27倾斜相接，第二透镜52安装在第一段结构26与第二段结构27的相接处，如此，多个透镜形成弯折形的结构有利于增加光程，从而减小激光投射模组100整体的高度，第一段结构26和第二段结构27的内壁涂布有反射涂层，反射涂层用于反射光线，以使得光源40发射的光线能够依次经过第一入光面511、第一出光面512、第 二入光面521、第二出光面522、第三入光面531、以及第三出光面532；当然，在其他实施方式中，第一段结构26和第二段结构27也可为独立于镜筒20的反射元件，反射元件设置在镜筒20上，反射元件为棱镜或面镜等，反射元件用于反射光线以改变光路的方向；或者，第一透镜51的光轴相对于第二透镜52的光轴偏移，第二透镜52的光轴与第三透镜53的光轴重合(如图11所示)，进一步地，第一透镜51的光轴可与第二透镜52的光轴平行；或者，第三透镜53的光轴相对于第一透镜51的光轴偏移，第一透镜51的光轴与第二透镜52的光轴重合(如图12所示)，进一步地，第三透镜53的光轴可与第一透镜51的光轴平行；或者，第二透镜52的光轴相对于第一透镜51的光轴偏移，第三透镜53的光轴相对于第一透镜51的光轴偏移，第二透镜52的光轴和第三透镜53的光轴位于第一透镜51的光轴的同侧(如图13所示)，进一步地，第一透镜51的光轴可与第二透镜52的光轴平行，第一透镜51的光轴与第三透镜53的光轴平行，第二透镜52的光轴与第三透镜53的光轴平行；或者，第二透镜52的光轴相对于第一透镜51的光轴偏移，第三透镜53的光轴相对于第一透镜51的光轴偏移，第二透镜52的光轴和第三透镜53的光轴位于第一透镜51的光轴的异侧(如图14所示)，进一步地，第一透镜51的光轴可与第二透镜52的光轴平行，第一透镜51的光轴与第三透镜53的光轴平行，第二透镜52的光轴与第三透镜53的光轴平行。
较佳地，第二透镜52的光轴相对于第一透镜51的光轴偏移，第三透镜53的光轴相对于第一透镜51的光轴偏移，第二透镜52的光轴和第三透镜53的光轴位于第一透镜51的光轴的异侧。如此，多个透镜形成弯折形的结构有利于增加光程，增长焦距，降低激光投射模组100的高度。当然，准直元件50也可以包括更多个透镜，例如，请参阅图15，准直元件50包括第一透镜51、第二透镜52、第三透镜53、第四透镜54、、第五透镜55、及第六透镜56。第一透镜51、第二透镜52、第三透镜53、第四透镜54、第五透镜55、及第六透镜56依次设置在光源40的发光光路上。第二透镜52的光轴相对于第一透镜51的光轴偏移，第三透镜53的光轴相对于第一透镜51的光轴偏移，第二透镜52的光轴和第三透镜53的光轴位于第一透镜51的光轴的异侧，第四透镜54的光轴与第二透镜52的光轴重合，第五透镜55的光轴与第三透镜53的光轴重合，第六透镜56的光轴与第一透镜51的光轴重合。
需要指出的是，在图11至图15所示的激光投射模组100中，镜筒20的结构与图10所示的镜筒20的结构相同或类似，镜筒20的结构可呈一段或多段结构，在此不再赘述。
在某些实施方式中，准直元件50包括多个透镜，至少两个透镜的光心位于与第 一方向垂直的同一平面上，第一方向为由光源40至衍射光学元件60的方向。
例如：请一并参阅图16至图18，准直元件50包括第一透镜51、第二透镜52和第三透镜53。第一透镜51的光心与第二透镜52的光心位于同一平面上(如图16所示)，第一透镜51的光轴和第二透镜52的光轴可位于第三透镜53的光轴的异侧；或者，第二透镜52的光心与第三透镜53的光心位于同一平面上(如图17所示)，第二透镜52的光轴和第三透镜53的光轴可位于第一透镜51的光轴的异侧；或者，第一透镜51的光心与第三透镜53的光心位于同一平面上；或者，第一透镜51的光心、第二透镜52的光心、与第三透镜53的光心均位于同一平面上(如图18所示)。进一步地，第一透镜51的光轴可与第二透镜52的光轴平行，第一透镜51的光轴与第三透镜53的光轴平行，第二透镜52的光轴与第三透镜53的光轴平行。
请再次参阅图1，衍射光学元件60用于衍射准直元件50准直后的激光以形成激光图案。衍射光学元件60包括相背的衍射出射面61和衍射入射面62。保护罩30可以通过胶水粘贴在顶部22上，抵触面31与衍射出射面61抵触，衍射入射面62与承载台25抵触，从而衍射光学元件60不会沿出光方向从收容腔21脱落。衍射光学元件60可以由玻璃材质制成，也可以由复合塑料(如PET)制成。
在组装上述的激光投射模组100时，沿着光路从镜筒20的底部23依次向通孔24内放入准直元件50、及安装好光源40的基板组件10。光源40可以先安装在基板组件10上，然后再将安装有光源40的基板组件10与底部23固定。逆着光路的方向从顶部22将衍射光学元件60放入通孔24并承载在承载台25上，然后再安装保护罩30，并使得衍射光学元件60的衍射出射面61与保护罩30抵触，衍射入射面62与承载台25抵触。激光投射模组100结构简单，组装方便。
请参阅图19，本申请实施方式的深度相机400包括上述任一实施方式的激光投射模组100、图像采集器200、及处理器300。图像采集器200用于采集经衍射光学元件50后向目标空间中投射的激光图案。处理器300分别与激光投射模组100、及图像采集器200连接。处理器300用于处理激光图案以获得深度图像。
具体地，激光投射模组100通过投射窗口401向外投射向目标空间中投射的激光图案，图像采集器200通过采集窗口402采集被目标物体调制后的激光图案。图像采集器200可为红外相机，处理器300采用图像匹配算法计算出该激光图案中各像素点与参考图案中的对应各个像素点的偏离值，再根据该偏离值进一步获得该激光图案的深度图像。其中，图像匹配算法可为数字图像相关(Digital Image Correlation，DIC)算法。当然，也可以采用其它图像匹配算法代替DIC算法。
请参阅图20，本申请实施方式的电子装置1000包括壳体500及上述实施方式的 深度相机400。深度相机400设置在壳体500内并从壳体500暴露以获取深度图像。电子装置1000包括但不限于为手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、智能手环、智能手表、智能头盔、智能眼镜等。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施方式”、“一些实施方式”、“示意性实施方式”、“示例”、“具体示例”或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合所述实施方式或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施方式或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施方式或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施方式或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施方式，可以理解的是，上述实施方式是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施方式进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种激光投射模组，其特征在于，包括：
    光源，所述光源用于发射激光；
    准直元件，所述准直元件用于准直所述激光，所述准直元件包括一个或多个透镜，一个或多个所述透镜设置在所述光源的发光光路上；及
    衍射光学元件，所述衍射光学元件用于衍射所述准直元件准直后的激光以形成激光图案。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，所述透镜采用塑料材质制成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，所述准直元件包括多个所述透镜，多个所述透镜包括至少一个第一类透镜和至少一个第二类透镜，所述第一类透镜采用玻璃材质制成，所述第二类透镜采用塑料材质制成。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，所述准直元件包括第一透镜，所述第一透镜包括相背的第一入光面和第一出光面，所述第一入光面为凹面，所述第一出光面为凸面。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，所述准直元件包括多个透镜，多个所述透镜共轴依次设置在所述光源的发光光路上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，多个所述透镜包括第一透镜和第二透镜，所述第一透镜包括相背的第一入光面和第一出光面，所述第二透镜包括相背的第二入光面和第二出光面，所述第一出光面的顶点与所述第二入光面的顶点抵触，所述第一入光面为凹面，所述第二出光面为凸面。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，所述第一出光面和所述第二入光面均为凸面。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，多个所述透镜包括第一透镜、第二透镜、及第三透镜，所述第一透镜包括相背的第一入光面和第一出光面，所述第二透镜包括相背的第二入光面和第二出光面，所述第三透镜包括相背的第三入光面和第三出光面，所述第三入光面为凹面，所述第三出光面为凸面。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，所述第一入光面为凸面，所述第一出光面为凹面，所述第二入光面为凹面，所述第二出光面为凹面。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，多个所述透镜包括第一透镜、第二透镜、及第三透镜，
    所述第一透镜为所述第一类透镜，所述第二透镜和所述第三透镜为所述第二类透镜；或者所述第二透镜为所述第一类透镜，所述第一透镜和所述第三透镜为所述第二类透镜；或者所述第三透镜为所述第一类透镜，所述第一透镜和所述第二透镜为所述第二类透镜；或者所述第一透镜和所述第二透镜为所述第一类透镜，所述第三透镜为所述第二类透镜；或者所述第二透镜和所述第三透镜为所述第一类透镜，所述第一透镜为所述第二类透镜；或者所述第一透镜和所述第三透镜为所述第一类透镜，所述第二透镜为所述第二类透镜。
  11. 根据权利要求3所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，多个所述透镜包括四个透镜，
    其中两个所述透镜为所述第一类透镜，另外两个所述透镜为所述第二类透镜；或者其中一个所述透镜为所述第一类透镜，另外三个所述透镜为所述第二类透镜；或者其中三个所述透镜为所述第一类透镜，另外一个所述透镜为所述第二类透镜。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，所述准直元件包括多个透镜，多个所述透镜依次设置在所述光源的发光光路上，至少一个所述透镜的光轴相对于其他所述透镜的光轴偏移。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，所述准直元件包括多个透镜，至少两个所述透镜的光心位于与第一方向垂直的同一平面上，所述第一方向为由所述光源至所述衍射光学元件的方向。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，至少一个所述透镜的光轴与其他所述透镜的光轴平行。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，所述光源为垂直腔面发射激光器；或者所述光源为边发射激光器。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，所述光源为边发射激光器，所述光源包括发光面，所述发光面朝向所述准直元件。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，所述激光投射模组还包括基板组件和镜筒，所述镜筒设置在所述基板组件上并与所述基板组件共同形成收容腔，所述光源、所述准直元件及所述衍射光学元件均收容在所述收容腔内。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的激光投射模组，其特征在于，所述基板组件包括基板及承载在所述基板上的电路板，所述电路板开设有过孔，所述光源承载在所述基板上并收容在所述过孔内。
  19. 一种深度相机，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求1-18任意一项所述的激光投射模组；
    图像采集器，所述图像采集器用于采集经所述衍射光学元件后向目标空间中投射的激光图案；和
    分别与所述激光投射模组、及所述图像采集器连接的处理器，所述处理器用于处理所述激光图案以获得深度图像。
  20. 一种电子装置，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体；及
    权利要求19所述的深度相机，所述深度相机设置在所述壳体内并从所述壳体暴露以获取深度图像。
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