WO2019168078A1 - Accumulateur de pression et procédé de fabrication d'accumulateur de pression - Google Patents

Accumulateur de pression et procédé de fabrication d'accumulateur de pression Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019168078A1
WO2019168078A1 PCT/JP2019/007716 JP2019007716W WO2019168078A1 WO 2019168078 A1 WO2019168078 A1 WO 2019168078A1 JP 2019007716 W JP2019007716 W JP 2019007716W WO 2019168078 A1 WO2019168078 A1 WO 2019168078A1
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Prior art keywords
pressure accumulator
container body
pressure
container
main body
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PCT/JP2019/007716
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
浩平 ▲高▼坂
洋流 和田
隆史 細矢
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株式会社日本製鋼所
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Publication of WO2019168078A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019168078A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J12/00—Pressure vessels in general
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
    • F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
    • F17C1/06—Protecting sheathings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a pressure accumulator capable of accumulating gas at a high pressure and a method for manufacturing the pressure accumulator.
  • High-pressure hydrogen containers used for hydrogen stations and the like include type 1 (metal container), type 2 (metal liner hoop wrap type composite pressure vessel), type 3 (metal liner full wrap type composite pressure vessel) and type 4 (nonmetal liner). Full-wrap type composite pressure vessels) are known.
  • Type 4 is lighter than Type 3 but difficult to helically wind like Type 3. Moreover, there is a concern about hydrogen leakage between the metal of the boss portion and the resin. Also, be careful of buckling due to high thermal insulation.
  • Type 2 is made of steel and FRP (fiber reinforced plastic), and in addition to being reduced in weight, it is expected to reduce costs because CFRP is constructed by hoop winding.
  • a type 2 pressure accumulator is used as one of the hydrogen pressure accumulators for storing high-pressure hydrogen.
  • Type 2 pressure accumulators consist of a steel liner and hoop-wrapped FRP.
  • the type 2 pressure accumulator is a composite container of hoop wraps.
  • C FRP is generally filament wound on the inner steel.
  • the type 2 container since the fiber is only the circumference (hoop), the liner shares the axial load generated by the internal pressure.
  • ASME CC2579 see Non-Patent Document 1
  • the type 2 pressure accumulator was constructed and coated in the circumferential direction with a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) or a glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) on the straight body of a steel liner.
  • CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
  • GFRP glass fiber reinforced plastic
  • a hydrogen pressure accumulator having a liner outer diameter of 1.52 m or less and a CFRP thickness of 6 mm or more.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an FRP container for high-pressure hydrogen storage in which the outer periphery of a liner made of Cr—Mo steel is reinforced with FRP.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a full-wrap aluminum liner composite container. The steel liner that shares the load is stronger as a liner than the type 3 container that uses an aluminum liner that does not share the load, and the amount of expensive FRP used can be reduced by that amount, which contributes to reduction of hydrogen station construction costs. It is expected.
  • the high-pressure hydrogen hoop wrap type compound pressure vessel there is only an overseas technical standard as Non-Patent Document 1.
  • filament winding is a method in which fibers are wound around a steel liner in a circumferential direction at regular and constant loads and intervals, and the resin is cured by heating from inside and outside in the furnace. The method by is used.
  • CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
  • CFRP is heated together with the liner in the furnace, and the CFRP is cured in a state where the steel liner is expanded.
  • ASME BPVC.VIII.3-2017 Part KG-511, Two Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USA, July 1, 2017 Takayoshi Murakami, Professor of Engineering, Kyushu University, Metal Fatigue, Effects of Micro Defects and Inclusions (March 8, 1993, 1st Edition)
  • ASME BPVC.VIII.3-2017 Part KD-1310, Two Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USA, July 1, 2017 Summary of the 3rd Hydrogen Safety Technology Seminar 2017 p62 Toshihiro Yamada, Tatsumi Takehana, Hiroshi Fukutomi, “Fatigue Properties of Unidirectional Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials for FRP Composite Containers”, Pressure Technology, Vol. 47, No. 3, (2009), pp.171-177.
  • CFRP CFRP
  • a resin liner is impregnated with a reinforcing fiber such as carbon fiber
  • filament winding is performed on a steel liner, and then heated to cure the resin.
  • the steel liner shrinks when cooled to room temperature, but the layer containing carbon fiber and resin does not substantially shrink because the coefficient of thermal expansion is smaller than that of the liner, and at the time of heat curing. It cools and hardens with the inner diameter of For this reason, as shown in FIG. 8, a gap will be generated between the steel liner and the CFRP.
  • the expected gap can be calculated by ⁇ (liner outer surface maximum temperature ⁇ room temperature) ⁇ liner thermal expansion coefficient ⁇ .
  • Patent Document 3 means for securing the adhesive strength between metal and CFRP is ensured and effective for eliminating the gap, but the target is a prepreg and not a resin impregnation method. Further, the adhesive strength alone cannot withstand high pressure hydrogen of 40 MPa or more, and it cannot be solved unless the gap can be physically reduced.
  • the present invention has been made against the background of the above circumstances, and arranges a cylindrical container body and a reinforcing cylinder disposed on the outer peripheral side of the container body in a state in which the outer surface and the inner surface thereof are in contact with each other.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure accumulator and a method for manufacturing the pressure accumulator.
  • the first form has a cylindrical container body and a reinforcing cylinder disposed on the outer peripheral side of the container body, and the reinforcing cylinder is made of fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the container body is disposed such that an outer surface thereof is in contact with an inner surface of the reinforcing cylindrical body.
  • the container body exerts a compressive stress that is tightened to the outer peripheral side.
  • the fiber reinforced plastic includes a thermosetting plastic.
  • the container body is disposed such that an outer surface thereof is in close contact with an inner surface of the reinforcing cylinder.
  • the reinforcing cylinder has an average interlayer shear strength of the inner surface larger than an average interlayer shear strength of the outer surface.
  • the container body has a stress intensity that linearly increases as the pressure increases on the inner surface of the container body within a predetermined internal pressure range. Yes.
  • the internal pressure range is 0 to 150 MPa.
  • the pressure is accumulated in the internal pressure range of 100 MPa or less in the invention of the above form.
  • the first aspect is that the cylindrical container body is cooled, the cured reinforcing cylinder is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the container body, and the temperature of the container body is restored.
  • the reinforcing cylinder is fitted to the outer peripheral side of the container body.
  • the container main body is in contact with the inner surface of the reinforcing cylindrical body in a state where the temperature is restored.
  • the interference ratio in the container main body before the cooling is ⁇ 1.07 to 2.67 at 1000 fractions in the form of the invention.
  • the container body in the aspect of the invention, in the cooling, is cooled to a temperature lower than room temperature.
  • the container body is cooled to ⁇ 190 ° C. to ⁇ 160 ° C. in the form of the invention.
  • the cylindrical container main body and the reinforcing cylindrical body disposed on the outer peripheral side of the container main body can be brought into a state where the outer surface of the container main body and the inner surface of the reinforcing cylindrical body are in contact with each other.
  • the effect excellent in the performance as a container is acquired.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a pressure accumulator manufacturing method and a pressure accumulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a construction example in the fitting of the container body to the reinforcing cylinder.
  • FIG. 3 a is a front cross-sectional view showing a state where the container body is fitted to the reinforcing cylinder.
  • FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of the front cross-sectional view showing a state in which the container main body is fitted to the reinforcing cylinder.
  • FIG. 4a is a diagram showing a water pressure test result of the pressure accumulator obtained by filament winding molding.
  • FIG. 4 b is a diagram illustrating a water pressure test result of the pressure accumulator obtained by fitting in the example.
  • FIG. 5a is a graph showing the interlaminar shear strength of CFRP obtained by the filament winding molding method in the examples.
  • FIG. 5b is a graph showing the interlaminar shear strength of fully cured CFRP in the examples.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the stress intensity of the liner inner surface of the container body when the inner pressure is applied to the pressure accumulator by changing the interference in the embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the strain in the fiber direction on the inner surface of the CFRP when the inner pressure is applied to the pressure accumulator by changing the interference in the embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a filament winding molding method.
  • a reinforcing cylinder is formed from a predetermined fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the fiber reinforced plastic preferably includes a thermosetting plastic.
  • the type of fiber and the type of thermosetting plastic are not particularly limited, and an appropriate material can be selected for the present invention.
  • examples of the fiber include glass fiber and carbon fiber, and carbon fiber is preferably used.
  • a thermosetting plastic an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a urea resin, a melamine resin, a polyurethane, etc. can be used. Although it is not limited to specific resin as this invention, an epoxy resin or a phenol resin is preferable from a heat resistant viewpoint.
  • the hardening method in the reinforcement cylinder 2 is not specifically limited, It can shape
  • the outer surface of a cylindrical mold (mandrel) is made by attaching a thermosetting plastic powder to a fiber base impregnated with a thermosetting plastic, or winding a thermosetting plastic containing fibers by the FW method. And heating at a predetermined temperature in a heating furnace and pressurizing as necessary to thermoset the thermosetting plastic and mold it. The heating temperature can be determined according to the characteristics of the thermosetting plastic.
  • the reinforcing cylinder 2 is obtained by removing the core from the thermosetting plastic completely cured by this heating (withdrawing the mandrel).
  • a mold or the like may be used for heating and pressurization.
  • a cylindrical container body 1 is fitted on the inner peripheral side of the cured reinforcing cylinder 2.
  • the container main body 1 is cooled, and the container main body 1 ⁇ / b> A having a reduced cylinder diameter is inserted into the reinforcing cylinder 2.
  • the cylinder diameter of the container main body 1 ⁇ / b> A is reduced by cooling, and the cooled container main body 1 ⁇ / b> A can be easily fitted into the cured reinforcing cylinder 2.
  • the container body 1A is expanded in diameter by returning to normal temperature, and the outer surface of the expanded container body 1B is in contact with, preferably in close contact with, and more preferably, the interference by the inner surface of the reinforcing cylinder 2. Press contact with the reinforcing cylinder 2.
  • the pressure contact indicates a state in which a residual stress is further applied in a close contact state. Therefore, in this construction, it is preferable to manufacture the container main body 1 and the reinforcing cylinder 2 separately so that the outer diameter of the container main body 1 is larger than the inner diameter of the reinforcing cylinder 2 at room temperature. That is, it is preferable that the interference (ratio) is positive at room temperature.
  • the relationship between the inner diameter of the cured reinforcing cylinder 2 and the outer diameter of the container body 1 is such that the container body 1 has an interference ratio of ⁇ 1.07 to 2.67 at 1000 fractions. It is preferable to have.
  • the interference is represented by (outer surface diameter of container body ⁇ inner surface diameter of reinforcing cylinder), and the interference ratio is expressed by (interference / outer surface diameter of container ⁇ 1000).
  • the cooling temperature can be determined in consideration of the outer diameter of the container body 1 and the inner diameter of the hardened reinforcing cylinder 2.
  • the container body 1 is cooled to a temperature below room temperature.
  • the cooling temperature is preferably in the range of -190 ° C to -160 ° C.
  • the cooling temperature is not limited to a specific temperature, and an appropriate temperature can be selected as long as the fitting can be easily performed.
  • the method of fitting the completely cured reinforcing cylinder 2 to the container body 1 is not particularly limited, and can be performed by an appropriate method.
  • An example of an insertion process is demonstrated based on FIG.
  • the container main body installation cylinder 10 has an installation base 11 at the inner center lower portion, and is installed in a state where the container main body 1 is built on the installation base 11.
  • a container body fixing tool can be arranged on the upper side of the container body installation cylinder 10, and when the container body 1 is installed, the container body fixing tool holds and fixes the container body 1 at the upper side on the lower side. Can do.
  • a temperature data logger 13 that can automatically measure the temperature at regular intervals is attached to the outer surface of the mirror part of the container body 1, and the temperature change of the container body 1 can be recorded, for example, at an interval of
  • the container main body installation cylinder 10 there is a holding base 20 for standing and holding the completely hardened reinforcing cylinder 2, and a suspension for hanging the reinforcing cylinder 2 installed on the holding base 20.
  • the tool 21 is located above the installation position of the reinforcing cylinder 2, and the hanging tool 21 and the reinforcing cylinder 2 can be connected via the connecting tool 22.
  • the container main body 1 is installed in the container main body installation cylinder 10, the reinforcement cylinder 2 is hold
  • nitrogen gas is irradiated from the gas injection unit 12 toward the container main body 1 to remove the gas on the container main body 1.
  • liquid nitrogen is injected from the gas injection unit 12 to cool the container body 1.
  • the temperature of the container body 1 can be measured with a temperature data logger. After confirming that the container main body 1 has reached, for example, ⁇ 160 ° C.
  • the reinforcing cylinder 2 is fitted to the container main body 1 by lifting it from the side where the temperature data logger 13 is not attached. Then, in the container main body installation cylinder 10, the container main body 1 and the reinforcement cylinder 2 are returned to normal temperature in nitrogen atmosphere. The container main body 1 and the reinforcing cylinder 2 are in a state where the outer surface of the container main body 1 is in contact with the inner surface of the reinforcing cylinder 2. Depending on the value of the interference, the outer surface of the container body 1 and the inner surface of the reinforcing cylinder 2 are brought into close contact with each other, and the container body 1 is pressed against the reinforcing cylinder 2 to be tightened to the outer surface of the container body 1 by the reinforcing cylinder 2. Such compressive stress is generated.
  • 3a and 3b show a state in which the container main body 1B is fitted to the reinforcing cylinder 2.
  • Lids 1C and 1C are attached to both ends of the container main body 1B so that the inside of the container main body 1B can be sealed.
  • the outer surface of the container main body 1 and the inner surface of the reinforcing cylindrical body 2 are fitted together with almost no gap. More preferably, there is no gap at all, and the outer surface of the container body 1 is in close contact with the inner surface of the reinforcing cylinder 2.
  • a strain gauge is attached to both the container body 1B and the reinforcing cylinder 2, and it is examined whether the strain has linearity and reproducibility at low pressure.
  • strain of the CFRP and the container body rises linearly as the water pressure increases from the attached strain gauge, it can be evaluated that the outer surface of the container body 1 is in close contact with the inner surface of the reinforcing cylinder 2.
  • a strain gauge is attached to the outer surface of the specimen obtained by fitting, and water pressure is applied to the inside of the specimen placed in a vertical position. Data from strain gauges can be collected and the presence or absence of linearity and reproducibility can be confirmed for each measurement position.
  • the obtained pressure accumulator is capable of accumulating high-pressure gas.
  • gas such as hydrogen can be favorably accumulated up to 100 MPa.
  • a fiber substrate containing a thermosetting plastic is wrapped around the outer surface of a steel liner, heated in a heating furnace at a temperature of 85 ° C. for 10 hours, cured, FW molded, (a) Filament winding molded (FW A pressure accumulator was obtained.
  • the heating temperature needs to take into account the thermal expansion of the steel liner and cannot be raised to a temperature at which the thermosetting plastic is completely cured.
  • a fiber base material containing a thermosetting plastic was wound around the outer surface of a cylindrical mold (mandrel), and was cured by heating at a temperature of 130 ° C. for 5 hours in a heating furnace.
  • the reinforcing cylinder 2 was FW-molded by removing the core from the thermosetting plastic completely cured by heating (withdrawing the mandrel).
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b show both measured values and analytical values of the strain.
  • the analytical values are the strain values in the axial direction and circumferential direction of the outer surface of the CFRP. FEM analysis was performed in increments of 10 MPa each in the range of 0 to 50 MPa.
  • the measured value of strain was obtained by attaching a biaxial strain gauge to both ends and the center of the CFRP, and collecting and collecting the strain value at the time of pressure increase / decrease.
  • the fully cured CFRP clearly has a larger interlayer shear strength on the inner surface side.
  • fitting is extremely effective as a construction method of a pressure accumulator that can express the characteristics of the composite container and has no gap.
  • the type 2 pressure accumulator subjected to CFRP by fitting has a positive interference ratio (interference) and contributes to an increase in life.
  • FIG. 6 shows an FEM analysis of the stress intensity on the inner surface of the liner when an internal pressure is applied in the range of 0 to 300 MPa to a pressure accumulator having an interference of ⁇ 0.3 to +1.0 mm (analysis software: Ansys). ).
  • the liner has an outer diameter of about 374 mm, a thickness of 29 mm, and an elastic-plastic body (two-line approximation), and the CFRP tube has a thickness of 10 mm and a fiber content of 60%.
  • the stress intensity on the inner surface of the liner decreases as the interference increases. That is, even if the same internal pressure is applied to the liner, the acting stress is reduced and the life is increased.
  • FIG. 7 shows an FEM analysis of the strain in the fiber direction on the inner surface of the CFRP when an internal pressure is applied in the range of 0 to 300 MPa to an accumulator having an interference of ⁇ 0.3 to +1.0 mm (analysis software). : Ansys).
  • the carbon fiber T710SC
  • ASME KD-1310 the upper limit of the strain at which the CFRP does not break is 0.4 when operating with respect to the breaking strain. In the case of a pressure test, it must be considered by multiplying by 0.67 (see Non-Patent Document 3).
  • the upper limits of the strain at which the CFRP does not break during operation and the pressure test are 0.68 and 1.12. If the CFRP does not reach the upper limit of strain during operation, that is, if the interference is 1 mm or less (interference ratio is 2.67 or less), the CFRP will not fatigue. (Refer to FIG. 6 of Non-Patent Document 5 and Non-Patent Document 5) On the other hand, if the interference exceeds 1 mm (interference ratio exceeds 2.67), the CFRP breaks during operation, and the pressure accumulator loses its characteristics as a composite container. From the above, the upper limit value of the interference ratio is 2.67.
  • the lower limit of the interference ratio is qualitatively a value at which the liner does not come into contact with CFRP even when the operating pressure is reached, and the function as a composite container is not exhibited. This is an interference that does not deviate up to 100 MPa from the curve obtained with No CFRP (liner only) in FIG. 7, and the value is ⁇ 0.4 mm, which corresponds to an interference ratio of ⁇ 1.07.
  • the present invention has been described based on the above embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the content of the above embodiment, and is appropriate for the present embodiment without departing from the scope of the present invention. It can be changed.
  • the cylindrical container body and the reinforcing cylinder disposed on the outer peripheral side of the container body can be brought into a state where the outer surface of the container body and the inner surface of the reinforcing cylinder are in contact with each other.
  • An excellent pressure accumulation container and a method for producing the pressure accumulation container can be provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un accumulateur de pression ayant une excellente résistance à la pression. L'accumulateur de pression comprend un corps de récipient cylindrique, et un cylindre de renforcement disposé sur le côté circonférentiel externe du corps de récipient, le cylindre de renforcement comprenant du plastique renforcé par des fibres. Le corps de récipient est tel que lorsque le corps de récipient cylindrique est refroidi, le cylindre de renforcement durci peut être disposé sur le côté circonférentiel externe du corps de récipient, et le cylindre de renforcement peut être ajusté sur le côté circonférentiel externe du corps de récipient par restauration de la température du corps de récipient.
PCT/JP2019/007716 2018-02-28 2019-02-27 Accumulateur de pression et procédé de fabrication d'accumulateur de pression WO2019168078A1 (fr)

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JP2018035161A JP2019148325A (ja) 2018-02-28 2018-02-28 蓄圧器および蓄圧器の製造方法
JP2018-035161 2018-02-28

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JP7251492B2 (ja) * 2020-01-31 2023-04-04 トヨタ自動車株式会社 高圧タンクの製造方法

Citations (8)

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JPS59141109U (ja) * 1983-03-11 1984-09-20 ヤンマーディーゼル株式会社 水冷却形排気弁座のシ−ル装置
JPH09203497A (ja) * 1996-01-29 1997-08-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 複合高圧タンクの製作方法
JP2004324781A (ja) * 2003-04-25 2004-11-18 Showa Denko Kk ガスボンベ用ライナおよびその製造方法
JP2013015175A (ja) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-24 Kyb Co Ltd 高圧ガス容器及びその製造方法
JP2013043201A (ja) * 2011-08-24 2013-03-04 Ihi Corp ノズルアダプタの取り付け方法及びノズルアダプタ
JP2015158243A (ja) * 2014-02-24 2015-09-03 株式会社日本製鋼所 水素ガス蓄圧器
JP2016089891A (ja) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-23 Ｊｆｅコンテイナー株式会社 蓄圧器及び蓄圧器の製造方法
JP2017075746A (ja) * 2015-10-16 2017-04-20 株式会社神戸製鋼所 線巻式圧力容器

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JPS59141109U (ja) * 1983-03-11 1984-09-20 ヤンマーディーゼル株式会社 水冷却形排気弁座のシ−ル装置
JPH09203497A (ja) * 1996-01-29 1997-08-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 複合高圧タンクの製作方法
JP2004324781A (ja) * 2003-04-25 2004-11-18 Showa Denko Kk ガスボンベ用ライナおよびその製造方法
JP2013015175A (ja) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-24 Kyb Co Ltd 高圧ガス容器及びその製造方法
JP2013043201A (ja) * 2011-08-24 2013-03-04 Ihi Corp ノズルアダプタの取り付け方法及びノズルアダプタ
JP2015158243A (ja) * 2014-02-24 2015-09-03 株式会社日本製鋼所 水素ガス蓄圧器
JP2016089891A (ja) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-23 Ｊｆｅコンテイナー株式会社 蓄圧器及び蓄圧器の製造方法
JP2017075746A (ja) * 2015-10-16 2017-04-20 株式会社神戸製鋼所 線巻式圧力容器

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