WO2019166493A1

WO2019166493A1 - Tube bundle-type heat exchanger, tube base, and method for sealing same

Info

Publication number: WO2019166493A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/054870
Authority: WO
Inventors: Werner Anetseder; Hermann Ferber; Klaus BALDERMANN; Ralph SPULLER
Original assignee: Sgl Carbon Se
Priority date: 2018-02-28
Filing date: 2019-02-27
Publication date: 2019-09-06
Also published as: KR20200125655A; ES2905709T3; KR102447879B1; BR112020016231A2; JP7116180B2; DE102018001548A1; US11378342B2; US20210207892A1; JP2021515175A; EP3759411B1; CN111788451A; EP3759411A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a tube bundle-type heat exchanger, to a tube base, and to a method for sealing same. Aspects of the invention relate to a tube base for a tube bundle-type heat exchanger. In particular, the tube base comprises a stack of multiple tube base plates with at least one through-opening for receiving a respective tube of the tube bundle-type heat exchanger. The through-opening is sealed by means of at least one seal ring. Additional aspects relate to a tube bundle-type heat exchanger comprising such a tube base and to a method for sealing a tube bundle-type heat exchanger in particular in the region of the tube base.

Description

Tube bundle heat exchanger and tube sheet and method for sealing the same

Aspects of the invention relate to a tube sheet for a shell and tube heat exchanger. In particular, the tubesheet comprises a stack of a plurality of tubesheet plates having at least one passage opening for receiving a respective tube of the tube

Tube bundle heat exchanger. The passage opening is by means of at least one

Sealed sealing ring. Other aspects relate to a shell and tube heat exchanger with such a tube sheet and a method for sealing a

Rohrbündelwärmeaustauschers especially in the region of the tube plate.

Technical background:

Heat exchangers for high corrosive use are typically provided with tubes of a corrosion resistant material such as e.g. Graphite, silicon carbide, glass or PTFE built. The tubes contain a first fluid and are surrounded by a second fluid located in an inner housing region, so that a heat exchange between the first and the second fluid can take place through the tube walls. The inlets and outlets of the tubes are separated by a tubesheet from the inner housing portion, so that the incoming and exiting first fluid can not mix with the second fluid. For this purpose, an excellent sealing of the tube bottom is crucial.

The tubesheet of a typical such heat exchanger is typically constructed of one or more tubesheet plates with a plastic-coated metal core. The

Plastic sheath may comprise, for example, a chemically resistant material such as PFA or PTFE to allow use with corrosive media (first and / or second fluid).

In contrast to heat exchangers made of metal, in which the tubes are fluid-tightly connected to the tubesheets by welding and similar methods, this is not possible when using glass or silicon carbide tubes. Instead, the pipes are through

Through holes in the tube sheet (in whole or in part) passed and must be laboriously sealed.

For example, DE 197 14 423 C2 discloses a tube bundle heat exchanger with two-part tube sheets made of plastic with a metal plate inserted therein. Therein, tubes arranged in bores are sealed in each case with the aid of an O-ring between the individual tube plates. However, in such heat exchangers the Deteriorate after a while. Therefore, it is desirable to improve the sealing effect.

As a further example, DE 10 2010 005216 A1 shows a tube bundle heat exchanger with two-part tube sheets made of plastic, between which an intermediate plate is arranged. In the through holes in the intermediate plate compound sleeves are used.

Previously known solutions have the disadvantage that they require a constructively high effort and yet the long-term stability of the seal is not always guaranteed.

Summary of the invention:

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a shell and tube heat exchanger

allow at least some of the above-mentioned disadvantages are reduced.

In particular, the simplest possible construction should be as reliable as possible

Sealing effect can be enabled.

Therefore, a tube sheet according to claim 1, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 11, a method according to claim 14 and a use according to claim 15 are proposed. Further advantageous aspects are presented in the dependent claims, the figures and the following description.

According to one aspect of the invention, a tube sheet for a

Tube bundle heat exchanger provided. The tube sheet comprises a first tube plate having a core and a plastic sheath surrounding the core, a second tube plate of a temperature resistant material (e.g., a graphite or ceramic plate), and a third tube plate having a core and a plastic sheath surrounding the core.

The first, second, and third tubesheet plates are stacked into a stack with the second tubesheet plate interposed between the first and third tubesheet plates (20, 40) such that a first surface of the second tubesheet plate is directed toward the first tubesheet plate and an opposing one second surface of the second tube plate is directed to the third tubesheet plate.

The stack has at least one passage opening for receiving a respective tube of the tube bundle heat exchanger. The tubesheet has, for each of the at least one through-opening further: at least one sealing ring for sealing the respective tube, and at least one sealing seat for receiving the at least one

Sealing ring, wherein the seal seat is a respective through hole immediately surrounding annular recess in the second tube plate bottom. Aspects of the invention have the advantage that a second tube bottom plate made of a temperature-resistant material is provided, and that therein a sealing seat is incorporated for receiving the sealing ring. Such a seal seat allows a reliable and long-term stable sealing of the tube bottom plate.

In addition, the second tube plate in a stack between two

plastic-coated tubesheet plates (first and third tubesheet plate) and is protected from these mechanical loads. By this arrangement, the stability of the tube sheet is further increased. By this arrangement as a stack, in particular, a tube plate can be made available, which combines the advantageous properties of the respective tubesheet plates in itself.

Since the second tube plate is constructed as a whole of a temperature-resistant material and preferably made of the temperature-resistant material, the reliability of the seal seat is further increased. Furthermore, this makes it possible to achieve a particularly simple construction of the tube bottom.

Description of further aspects of the invention:

The following are other preferred (i.e., optional) aspects of the invention

described. Reference numerals refer to the figures described in more detail for illustrative purposes, but do not limit the aspects to those shown there

Embodiments. Unless otherwise indicated, each aspect may be used with any other aspect described herein or any other aspect described herein

Embodiment be combined.

According to one aspect, the temperature-resistant material of the second tube plate is defined by the fact that the material for temperatures up to at least 250 ° C no

has substantial flow behavior. For plastics, this condition is defined by a heat distortion temperature of greater than 250 ° C, the

Heat distortion temperature according to DIN EN ISO 75-2: 2013 (under a load of 0.45 MPa according to method B) is to be determined. Usual plastics such as PFA, PTFE do not fulfill this condition. An exception for which the heat distortion temperature is greater than 250 ° C is the plastic PEEK. Even with dimensionally stable fillers hochfüllstoffloaded plastics can meet the condition. For non-plastics, the above criterion applies analogously. Steel, ceramics, graphite, glass and other materials with similarly low flow properties at 250 ° C are always to be regarded as temperature-resistant, regardless of the above condition. Particularly preferably, the material of the second tubesheet plate is a ceramic. According to a further aspect, the temperature-resistant material of the second tubesheet plate is therefore selected from the materials steel, ceramics, glass, plastic with a resistance temperature greater than 250 ° C as defined above, in particular PEEK, and a mixture thereof (such as V herbal material).

In another aspect, the material of the second tubesheet plate has a thermal elongation a <20 pm / mK for any temperatures between -50 ° C and 200 ° C. As a result, a secure seal seat is guaranteed even with temperature fluctuations.

In another aspect, the material of the second tubesheet plate has an E-modulus> 300GPa. As a result, a good flexural rigidity of the second tube plate is ensured.

In another aspect, the core (22, 42) of the first and / or third tubesheet plates each comprises or consist of at least one of a metal (e.g., a metal alloy) and a fiber composite. The fiber composite may be e.g. a carbon-based fiber composite such as CFRP and / or CFC. The

Plastic sheath (24, 44) of the first and / or the third tubesheet plate may each comprise at least one fluoropolymer such as PFA and / or PTFE. The

Plastic casing (24, 44) in one aspect is not made of a limited temperature resistant material (e.g., does not satisfy the above definition of a temperature resistant material).

According to another aspect, the first and third tubesheet plates (20, 40) are of identical construction, whereby the number of different parts can be reduced.

In another aspect, the second tube plate (30) is a graphite or ceramic plate, wherein the ceramic is preferably a non-oxide ceramic such as SSiC, SiSiC, and / or SN. The second tube plate may include or consist of the graphite or the ceramic. Advantages of these materials are their temperature resistance with simultaneous corrosion resistance, as well as in the stack advantageous mechanical

Characteristics.

According to another aspect, the at least one passage opening (14) is a plurality of passage openings. In another aspect, the second tube plate (30) is unitary such that the same monolithic material of the second tube plate (30), e.g. Graphite or ceramic, adjacent to the plurality of Durchgangsö openings (14).

According to a further aspect, the at least one sealing seat (34, 38, 39) and / or the at least one sealing ring (52) having a rectangular (in particular square),

trapezoidal, conical, conical or partially oval cross-section formed. The cross section of the seal seat can in this case be open towards an inner side of the respective passage opening (14). Next, one side of the

Seal seat through a surface portion of the first and the third tube plate plate be formed. According to a portion, at least two sides of the seal seat are formed by a (recessed) surface portion of the second tube plate.

According to a further aspect, the at least one sealing ring (52) each has at least two sealing rings. Thus, the at least one sealing seat (34, 38) each comprises at least a first and a second sealing seat. The first seal seat (34) may be approximately as

Groove in the first surface (32) of the second tube plate (30) can be arranged, and the second seal seat (38) can be arranged as a recess in the second surface (36) of the second tube plate (30).

According to another aspect, the sealing rings (52) in the respective sealing seat (34, 38) between the second and the first tube plate (30, 20) and the second and the third tube plate (30, 40) pressed in such a way that the sealing rings on at most one side of the respective plastic sheath (24, 44) touch, but preferably on at least two sides (one side of the Durchgangsö ff ung opposite side) touch the material of the second tube plate bottom.

In another aspect, the seal seat (39) is disposed in a sidewall of the passage opening (14) as a recess spaced from the first and second surfaces (32, 36) of the second tube plate (30).

In another aspect, the first, second and third tubesheet plates (20, 30, 40) are pressed together by clamping, e.g. by a flange and / or a tie rod. Preferably, the force for pressing the tubesheet plates is introduced only from an edge region of the tubesheet plates (20, 30, 40), e.g. through a flange. Otherwise, the tubesheet plates (20, 30, 40) are preferably mechanically decoupled. A sufficient clamping effect can be achieved by the rigidity of the second

Tube plate can be taught.

In another aspect, there is provided a shell and tube heat exchanger (1) having the tubesheet (10) described herein. The tube bundle heat exchanger (1) comprises for each of the at least one passage opening (14) a tube (50) which passes through the respective passage opening completely or partially (at least to the second tube plate) and which by means of the at least one

Sealing seats (34, 38, 39) lying at least one sealing ring (52) is sealed. This does not exclude the presence of further passage openings (such as for tie rods).

In another aspect, the tube (50) is a graphite, SiC, or glass tube, ie, comprises or consists of these materials.

In another aspect, the shell and tube heat exchanger is for a strong

provided corrosive medium (eg strong acids such as hydrofluoric acid (HF), hydrochloric acid (HCl), Nitric acid (HNO3), or strong faugen). The plastic sheath (24, 44) is chemically resistant to the corrosive medium.

According to another aspect, a method for sealing a

Rohrbündelwärmeaustauschers (1) proposed. The method comprises the following steps: A tube plate (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10 is provided; and at least one tube (50) of the tube bundle heat exchanger is passed through the corresponding through opening (14) and by means of the at least one sealing ring (52) located in the at least one sealing seat (34, 38, 39).

sealed. The process can be part of a manufacturing process of

Rohrbündelwärmeaustauschers or a maintenance or repair process for the tube bundle heat exchanger.

Brief description of the figures:

In addition, the invention will be explained with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in figures, from which further advantages and modifications result. To show:

Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a shell and tube heat exchanger with a

Tube sheet according to an embodiment of the invention;

Figure 2 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a tube sheet according to another embodiment of the invention; and

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the second tube plate of a tube plate according to a further embodiment of the invention.

Detailed description of embodiments of the invention:

With reference to FIG. 1, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 1 according to an embodiment of the invention will be described below. The tube bundle heat exchanger 1 has a housing 6, a tube sheet 10 with Durchgangsö openings 14, and tubes 50, which pass through the respective through holes 14.

In operation, the tubes 50 contain a first fluid and are surrounded by a second fluid located in an inner housing portion (to the right of the tube plate 10 in FIG. 1) so that heat exchange between the first and second fluids may be through the tube walls. The inlets and outlets of the tubes 50 (to the left side of the tube bottom 10 in FIG. 1) are separated by the tubesheet 10 from the inner housing region to the right of the tubesheet 10 and sealed therein as described below. The tube sheet 10 comprises a first tube plate 20 having a core 22 and a plastic sheath 24 surrounding the core, a second tube plate 30 made from the above-described temperature resistant material, and a third tube plate 40 having a core 42 and a plastic sheath 44 surrounding the core.

The three tubesheet plates 20, 30, 40 are stacked into a stack in which the second tubesheet plate 30 is disposed as an intermediate plate between the first and third tubesheet plates 20, 40. In other words, the first surface 32 is the second one

Tube bottom plate directed to the first tube plate plate 20 and the opposite second surface 36 of the second tube plate to the third tube plate plate 40 directed.

In each of the through openings 14, two sealing seats 34, 38 are mounted, each with a sealing ring 52 received therein, in order to seal the respective tube 50.

More specifically, the seal seats 34, 38 are formed as recesses in the second tube plate 30, which surrounds the passage opening 14 directly like a ring. The through hole 14 opposite rear surface and a side surface of the

Sealing seats 34, 38 are formed by the second tube sheet plate 30, and another side surface of the seal seats 34, 38 is formed by the first and third tubesheet plates 20, 40, more specifically, by their plastic sheath 24, 44.

Characterized in that the sealing seats 34, 38 one as recesses in the second,

temperature-stable tube plate 30 are formed, a stable and reliable sealing effect is possible.

The three tubesheet plates 20, 30 and 40 are pressed together by a pair of flanges of the housing 6 and thus clamped together. Jamming is accomplished by means of a non-illustrated tension member (such as a tension member such as a screw) which passes through the flanges and stack of tubesheet plates 20, 30 and 40 to press the flanges together to compress the stack. The clamping element here extends through a flange passage opening 16, which passes through the flanges and through the stack of the three tubesheet plates 20, 30 and 40.

The clamping elements are arranged exclusively in the edge area (flange area) of the tube bottom. In the interior of the housing 6, the tubesheet plates 20, 30, 40, however, are mechanically decoupled. Due to the flexural rigidity of the tube bottom, in particular of the second tube plate 30, it is possible to use clamping elements which are located further inside or

Connection elements are omitted and still be ensured that the

Tube bottom plates 20, 30, 40 are pressed together sufficiently.

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a tube plate according to a further embodiment of the invention. This embodiment corresponds largely to

Embodiment of Figure 1, and the description of Figure 1 also applies here accordingly. Only the cross-sectional shape of the sealing rings 52 and the associated sealing seats 34, 38 is different. In Figure 1, the sealing rings 52 and the sealing seats 34, 38 have a rectangular (square) cross-section, and in Figure 2 they have a

trapezoidal cross-section. Also other cross sections described above are possible. FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the second tube plate 30 of a tube plate according to a further embodiment of the invention. Apart from the illustrated design of the second tube sheet plate 30 (and in particular of the seal seat and the associated sealing rings), the embodiment corresponds to the structure shown in Fig. 1.

In the second tube plate 30 according to FIG. 4, instead of the two sealing seats 34, 38 shown in FIGS. 1-3, only a single sealing seat 39 is attached. The seal seat 39 is attached to the side wall of the through hole 14 in an axially central portion of the second tube plate 30, and thus spaced from the first and third tubesheet plates. According to Figure 4 thus only a single sealing ring per passage opening is provided. All sides of the seal seat 39 are formed by the temperature-resistant material of the second tube plate 30.

Unless otherwise shown, the embodiments of FIGS. 1-4 may have all the other aspects described above. The embodiments and aspects are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection. The scope of protection is defined by the following claims.

Claims

claims

A tube sheet (10) for a shell and tube heat exchanger (1), the tube sheet comprising: a first tube plate (20) having a core (22) and a plastic jacket (24) surrounding the core;

a second tube bottom plate (30) made of a temperature resistant material, the temperature resistant material having no substantial flow behavior for temperatures up to at least 200 ° C and no substantial thermal expansion for temperatures between -50 ° C and 200 ° C, and

a third tube plate (40) having a core (42) and a plastic surrounding the casing (44), wherein

the first, second and third tubesheet plates are stacked into a stack, wherein the second tubesheet plate (30) is disposed as an intermediate plate between the first and third tubesheet plates (20, 40) such that a first surface (32) of the second wellbore plate faces the first tube plate Tube bottom plate (20) is directed and an opposite second surface (36) of the second tube plate to the third tube bottom plate (40) is directed, and wherein the stack has at least one through opening (14) for receiving a respective tube (50) of the tube bundle heat exchanger, and in which

the tubesheet for each of the at least one passage opening (14) further comprises:

- at least one sealing ring (52) for sealing the respective tube,

- Each at least one seal seat (34, 38, 39) for receiving the at least one sealing ring (52), wherein the seal seat is a respective Durchgangsö opening directly annular manner surrounding recess in the second tube plate (30).

2. The tube sheet for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the core (22, 42) of the first and / or the third tube plate each comprises at least one of a metal and a fiber composite material.

3. tube sheet for a tube bundle heat exchanger according to any one of

preceding claims, wherein the first and third tube plate (20, 40) are of identical design.

4. tube sheet for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second tube plate (30) is a graphite or ceramic plate.

5. tube sheet for a tube bundle heat exchanger according to any one of

preceding claims, wherein the at least one passage opening (14) are a plurality of passage openings, and wherein the second tube plate (30) is integral, such that the same monolithic material of the second tube plate (30) contacts the plurality of passage openings (14 ) adjoins.

6. tube sheet for a tube bundle heat exchanger according to any one of

preceding claims, wherein the at least one sealing ring (52) is formed with a rectangular, trapezoidal, conical, konusformigem or partially oval cross-section.

7. tube sheet for a tube bundle heat exchanger any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one sealing ring (52) are each at least two sealing rings, and wherein the at least one sealing seat (34, 38) each comprise at least a first and a second seal seat, wherein the first seal seat (34) is recessed in the first surface (32) of the second tube plate (30) and the second seal seat (38) is recessed in the second surface (36) of the second tube plate (30).

8. tube sheet for a tube bundle heat exchanger according to any one of

preceding claims, wherein the sealing rings (52) in the respective sealing seat (34, 38) between the second and the first tube plate (30, 20) and the second and the third tube plate (30, 40) are pressed such that the sealing rings on at most one side of the respective plastic sheath (24, 44) touch.

A tube sheet for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the seal seat (39) is formed as a recess in a side wall of the first tube plate (30) spaced from the first and second surfaces (32, 36)

Through opening (14) is arranged.

A tube sheet for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first, second and third tubesheet plates (20, 30, 40) are pressed together by clamping.

11. A tube bundle heat exchanger (1) comprising the tubesheet (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, and for each of the at least one passage opening (14) a tube (50) passing through the respective passage opening and by means of the at least one Seal seat (34, 38, 39) lying at least one sealing ring (52) is sealed.

12. A tube bundle heat exchanger according to claim 11, wherein the tube (50) is a graphite, SiC, or glass tube.

13. tube bundle heat exchanger according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the

Tube bundle heat exchanger is provided for a corrosive medium and wherein the plastic sheath (24, 44) is chemically resistant to the corrosive medium.

14. A method of sealing a shell and tube heat exchanger (1), the method comprising:

A tube plate (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10 is provided,

- At least one tube (50) of the tube bundle heat exchanger is passed through the corresponding passage opening (14) and by means of in the at least one

Seal seat (34, 38, 39) sealed at least one sealing ring (52) sealed.

15. Use of the tube plate (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10 for sealing the tube bundle heat exchanger (1).