WO2019165829A1 - 一种儿童汽车安全座 - Google Patents

一种儿童汽车安全座 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019165829A1
WO2019165829A1 PCT/CN2018/121906 CN2018121906W WO2019165829A1 WO 2019165829 A1 WO2019165829 A1 WO 2019165829A1 CN 2018121906 W CN2018121906 W CN 2018121906W WO 2019165829 A1 WO2019165829 A1 WO 2019165829A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
backrest
head
head rest
safety seat
car safety
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/121906
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贺新军
况志勇
徐陈
鲍威尔·伊恩
Original Assignee
好孩子儿童用品有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201810165659.0A external-priority patent/CN108284774A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201810831932.9A external-priority patent/CN109130976A/zh
Application filed by 好孩子儿童用品有限公司 filed Critical 好孩子儿童用品有限公司
Publication of WO2019165829A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019165829A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/26—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles for children
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/26—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles for children
    • B60N2/28—Seats readily mountable on, and dismountable from, existing seats or other parts of the vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of children's products, and particularly relates to a child car safety seat.
  • the child car safety seat is a relatively common baby product, which includes a base, a seat mounted on the base, and a headrest attached to the seat.
  • a base which includes a base, a seat mounted on the base, and a headrest attached to the seat.
  • a headrest attached to the seat.
  • the child car safety seat when installed in a car, it is found that when the car has an accident such as a sudden brake or a collision, the child's body will move forward under a large inertia, and the child's head and neck move forward with the upper body in an instant.
  • the child's body is pulled by the safety belt of the child's car safety seat.
  • the child's head and neck are again tilted back and hit the head support, which causes the child's head and neck to be easily injured, causing damage and dislocation of the head and neck of the child. Serious people can threaten the lives of children.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a child car safety seat capable of protecting the head and neck of a child.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a child car safety seat comprising a seat body for a person to ride, a backrest provided at a rear portion of the seat body, and a head rest.
  • the head rest includes a supporting portion on the front portion of the backrest and a head supporting wing portion disposed on the left and right sides of the supporting portion.
  • the head bracket is pivotally connected to the backrest through the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft extends in the left-right direction, and the head bracket can rotate back and forth around the axis of the rotating shaft. .
  • the child car safety seat further includes a head rest reset protection device that acts as a damping and/or a limit on the backward movement of the head rest when the head rest is rotated backward and reset.
  • the head rest protection device is in a position between the upper portion of the head rest and the backrest.
  • the head rest has an initial position parallel to the extending direction of the backrest and a limit position close to the backrest after the rearward rotation reset, and the head rest is farther away from the backrest when it is in the initial position when it is in the extreme position.
  • the headrest reset protection device includes a gas spring.
  • the upper end portion of the gas spring is rotatably coupled to the head rest, and the lower end portion is rotated relative to the backrest and is connectable up and down.
  • the gas spring maintains its length, and its lower end slides upward relative to the backrest; during the backward rotation of the head rest, the lower end of the gas spring and the backrest The relative position is basically fixed and the gas spring is compressed by force.
  • the backrest has a guiding groove extending in the up-and-down direction
  • the lower end portion of the gas spring has a connecting shaft perpendicular to the gas spring, and the connecting shaft is rotatable relative to the guiding groove and can be slidably inserted in the extending direction of the guiding groove Guided in the slot.
  • the backrest further has a limiting slot communicating with the upper end of the guiding slot and located at the rear side of the guiding slot.
  • the connecting shaft is located in the limiting slot and is in the limiting slot.
  • the head rest has a head rest body at an upper portion of the backrest and a connecting portion for connecting the backrest, the connecting portion extends in the up and down direction, the upper portion thereof is connected to the head rest main body, and the lower portion and the lower portion of the backrest are rotatably connected by the rotating shaft, the head rest
  • the body includes a bracket and a headrest wing.
  • the head rest main body is slidably coupled to the connecting portion, and the head rest main body is slidable up and down along the extending direction of the connecting portion.
  • a locking mechanism is further disposed between the bracket and the connecting portion, and the locking mechanism is configured to lock the bracket and the connecting portion to each other.
  • the backrest is provided with a plurality of mounting portions along the up-and-down direction thereof, the mounting portion is for mounting the rotating shaft, and when the headrest is mounted on the backrest, the rotating shaft is mounted at one of the plurality of mounting portions.
  • the mounting portion is a mounting groove formed on the backrest, the mounting slot is U-shaped, and the opening of the mounting slot faces backward.
  • the rotating shaft is inserted into the mounting slot from the opening of the mounting slot, and the rotating shaft can be The mounting slot rotates about its own axis.
  • the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: the head rest is rotatably connected to the backrest by a rotating shaft, and the head rest can be synchronized with the head and neck of the child, and the head rest is always protected.
  • the child's head and neck circumference can effectively offset the impact of the child's head and neck and the ability to withstand the invasion of the child's head during the collision, greatly improving the safety of the child.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the use of a child car safety seat in an initial state according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front view showing the use of the child car safety seat in an initial state according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a right side view showing the use of the child car safety seat in an initial state according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a top plan view showing the use of the child car safety seat in an initial state according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the use of a child car safety seat in an emergency brake or an impact in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a front view showing the use of a child car safety seat in an emergency brake or an impact when the first embodiment of the present invention is used;
  • FIG. 7 is a right side elevational view showing the use of a child car safety seat in an emergency brake or an impact in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a top plan view showing the use of a child car safety seat in an emergency brake or an impact in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a partial schematic view showing the mounting of the backrest and the head rest in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a split structure of a child car safety seat according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional structural view showing a child car safety seat in an initial state according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a side cross-sectional structural view showing a child car safety seat in a follow-up state after an emergency brake or an impact in the second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a side cross-sectional structural view showing a transition of a child car safety seat in a follow state to a reset state according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 14 is a side cross-sectional structural view showing the child vehicle safety seat in the limit position (reset state) in which the headrest is rotated backward according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the child car seat of the present embodiment includes a seat body 1 for a child to ride, a backrest 2 provided at the rear of the seat body 1, and a headrest 3.
  • the left and right sides of the seat body 1 are provided with an armrest 4, and the left and right sides of the backrest 2 are provided with a backrest flap 5 and a safety belt (not shown in the drawing), and the backrest flap 5 extends forward from the backrest 2.
  • the headrest 3 and the backrest 2 are pivotally connected by a rotating shaft 100, and the headrest 3 is rotatable forward and backward with respect to the backrest 2.
  • the headrest 3 has a headrest main body 30 located at an upper portion of the backrest 2 and a connecting portion 33 for connecting the backrest 2.
  • the headrest main body 30 includes a bracket portion 31, and a headrest wing portion 32 that is disposed on the left and right sides of the bracket portion 31 and extends forward.
  • the head rest main body 30 is a protective body for protecting the head and neck of the child, and is specifically formed by filling a rigid support with a soft material (such as a sponge), and the above-mentioned support portion 31 and the head support portion 32 are formed. Each has the rigid support described.
  • the connecting portion 33 in the present embodiment has a plate shape. More preferably, the connecting portion 33 extends in the vertical direction, the upper portion thereof is connected to the headrest main body 30, and the lower portion is rotatably connected to the lower portion of the backrest 2 via the rotating shaft 100. Specifically, the rotating shaft 100 extends in the left-right direction so that the headrest 3 can be rotated back and forth about the axis of the rotating shaft 100.
  • the connecting portion 33 is rigid.
  • the upper portion of the connecting portion 33 is connected to the rigid bracket inside the upper head main body 30, and the connecting portion 33 may be integrally formed with the rigid bracket or may be a subsequent fixed connection.
  • the headrest body 30 is slidably coupled to the connecting portion 33.
  • the bracket portion 31 is slidably coupled to the connecting portion 33, and the bracket portion 31 can slide up and down along the extending direction of the connecting portion 33.
  • a locking mechanism (not shown) is further disposed between the bracket 31 and the connecting portion 33. A locking mechanism is used to lock the bracket 31 and the connecting portion 33 to each other.
  • the holder 31 is slid on the connecting portion 33 to adjust the height of the holder 31, and when it is determined that the holder 31 reaches the appropriate height, the holder 31 is locked to the connecting portion 33 by the locking mechanism.
  • the backrest 2 is provided with a plurality of mounting portions along its up-and-down direction, and the mounting portion is for mounting the rotating shaft 100.
  • the mounting portion is a mounting groove 21 that is opened on the backrest 2.
  • the mounting groove 21 has a U shape, and the opening of the mounting groove 21 faces rearward.
  • a plurality of mounting grooves 21 are arranged on the backrest 2 from top to bottom.
  • the rotating shaft 100 is inserted into the mounting groove 21 from the opening of the mounting groove 21, and the rotating shaft 100 is rotatable about its own axis in the mounting groove 21.
  • the height of the headrest 2 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the rotating shaft 100 to accommodate children of different ages and heights.
  • the armrest 4 is provided with a notch 41 for the passage of the seat belt.
  • the backrest flap 5 extends forward from the backrest 2.
  • the doll model 200 is used to simulate the use of a child sitting on a child car seat.
  • the child car seat of the present invention When the child car seat of the present invention is in use, the child is restrained on the seat body 1 by a seat belt.
  • the child car safety seat As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, when the vehicle runs smoothly, the child car safety seat is in a normal use state, that is, in an initial state, the child's upper body trunk rests on the backrest 2, and the child's head rests on the rest portion 31 of the headrest 3.
  • Upper, the headrest wing portion 32 covers the left and right sides of the head and neck to form a side protection to the head and neck.
  • the headrest 3 can relieve the impact force of the head and neck of the child by the headrest 3, and the headrest wing 32 of the headrest 3 can be protected on the left and right sides of the head and neck during the movement of the head and neck of the child, further improving The safety of children riding a child car seat.
  • the head rest and the backrest can be connected back and forth by rotation.
  • the head rest is always protected on the outer circumference of the child's head and neck, which can effectively offset the impact force of the child's head and neck and can withstand.
  • the invasion of the child's head during the collision process greatly improves the safety of the child.
  • the child car safety seat in this embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that the child car safety seat further includes a head rest reset protection device, and the head rest reset protection device is in the head support 3 directions.
  • the rearward rotation resets the damping of the backward movement of the headstock 3 and/or the limiting action.
  • the headrest reset protection device is in a position between the headrest 3 and the backrest 2. Specifically, the headrest resetting protection device is coupled to the position between the headrest main body 30 and the backrest 2, and the headrest resetting protection device is coupled to the upper portion of the connecting portion 33.
  • the headrest 3 has an initial position and an extreme position which, when the headrest 3 is in the initial position, is parallel to the direction in which the backrest 2 extends, and when the headrest is in the extreme position, it is in the rearward rotational reset Later, near the position of the backrest 2, the headrest 3 is farther away from the backrest 2 when it is in the extreme position relative to its position.
  • the headrest 3 has at least an initial state, a following state and a reset state, and when it is in the initial state, the headstock body 30 is close to the backrest 2, that is, the initial position of the forward rotation;
  • the tray 3 is in the following state, the headrest 3 is rotated forward, and the headrest body 30 is away from the backrest 2;
  • the headrest 3 is in the reset state, the headrest 3 is rotated backward, and the headrest body 30 is close to the backrest 2, that is, backwardly rotated.
  • the headrest body 30 is away from the backrest 2 when it is in the initial state in the reset state, so that the headrest body 30 is in the reset state, ensuring that the child's head does not exceed the DE plane.
  • the DE plane refers to the plane of the backrest under normal conditions. When an impact occurs, due to the inertia of the rebound, the child's head will fall into the soft material of the cover head and cause damage to the neck. In the design of the present example, the headrest 3 does not fully return to the position in the initial state in the reset state, but makes the position in the initial state more forward, thereby ensuring that the child's head does not exceed the DE plane. .
  • the headrest reset protection device includes a gas spring 6.
  • the upper end portion of the gas spring 6 is rotatably coupled to the headrest 3, and the lower end portion is rotated relative to the backrest 2 and is relatively movable up and down.
  • the gas spring 6 maintains its length, and its lower end portion slides upward relative to the backrest 2; during the backward rotation of the headrest 3, the lower end portion of the gas spring 6 and the backrest 2 The relative position between them is substantially fixed, and the gas spring 6 is compressed by force.
  • the specific connecting structure between the lower end portion of the gas spring 6 and the backrest 2 is such that the backrest 2 has a guiding groove 22 extending in the up and down direction, and the lower end portion of the gas spring 6 has a connecting shaft perpendicular to the gas spring 6. 61.
  • the connecting shaft 61 is rotatable relative to the guide groove 22 and is slidably inserted into the guide groove 22 in the extending direction of the guide groove 22.
  • the backrest 2 further has a limiting slot 23 communicating with the upper end of the guiding slot 22 and located at the rear side of the guiding slot 22.
  • the connecting shaft 61 is located in the limiting slot 23 and is in contact with The groove wall of the limiting groove 23 is.
  • the limiting groove 23 extends from the upper end of the guiding groove 22 to the lower rear side, and the function thereof is mainly for limiting the lower end portion of the gas spring 6, thereby ensuring the backward rotation of the head main body 30.
  • the relative position between the lower end portion of the gas spring 6 and the backrest 2 is substantially fixed.
  • the connecting shaft 61 abuts against the groove wall at the other end opposite to the end of the limiting groove 23 that communicates with the guide groove 22.
  • the headrest 3 Before the collision occurs, that is, when the vehicle runs smoothly, the child car seat is as shown in FIG. 2, the headrest 3 is in an initial state, close to the backrest 2, and the connecting shaft 61 at the lower end of the gas spring 6 is located at the lower end of the guiding groove 22;
  • the headrest 3 is rotated forward about the rotating shaft 100, and the headrest main body 30 follows the child's head forward, that is, the headrest 3 transitions from the initial state to the following state, and the headstock body is in the process. 30 is always well covered with the child's head.
  • the connecting shaft 61 of the gas spring 6 moves up along the guiding groove 22 to the upper end, that is, the guiding groove 22 and The junction of the limiting slot 23; after the child's head rebounds, the rebounding energy drives the headrest 3 to rotate backward, and the headrest 3 transitions from the following state to the reset state, as shown in FIG. 4, the connection of the gas spring 6
  • the shaft 61 enters the limiting slot 23 without sliding the gas spring 6 begins to be compressed by force, absorbing the energy of the rebound of the child's head; as shown in FIG. 5, the headrest 3 is rotated to a position close to the backrest 2, that is, in a reset state. , gas spring 6 is compressed to the shortest, headstock 3 reaches the limit This position further away from the initial position relative to the backrest 2, to ensure that no more than a child's head DE plane.
  • a head rest reset protection device is added, and during the rebound of the head after the impact, the head rest reset protection device is compressed by the force, absorbs the energy of the head, and can effectively offset the head and neck of the child.
  • the impact of the child's neck injury is greatly improved, which greatly improves the safety of children.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种儿童汽车安全座，包括用于供人乘坐的座位本体（1）、设置在座位本体（1）后部的靠背（2）以及头托（3）。所述头托（3）包括位于靠背（2）上前部的托部（31）和设置在托部（31）左右两侧的头托翼部（32）。所述头托（3）通过转轴（100）与靠背（2）枢轴连接，所述转轴（100）沿左右方向延伸，所述头托（3）能够绕转轴（100）的轴线前后转动。通过转轴（100）将头托（3）与靠背（2）转动连接，所述头托（3）能够随儿童的头颈部同步前后运动，所述头托（3）始终保护在儿童的头颈外周，能够有效抵消儿童的头颈受到的冲击力以及能够抵挡撞车过程中飞溅的外物对儿童头部的侵袭，大大提高了儿童的乘车安全。

Description

一种儿童汽车安全座 技术领域
本发明属于儿童用品领域，具体涉及一种儿童汽车安全座。
背景技术
儿童汽车安全座是一种较为常用的婴幼儿用品，它包括底座、安装在底座上的座椅、连接在座椅上的头托。目前，儿童汽车安全座安装在汽车上使用时发现，当汽车发生急刹、碰撞等事故时，儿童身体会在很大的惯性作用下向前运动，儿童的头颈随其上半身在瞬间向前移动，再因儿童汽车安全座的安全带作用儿童的身体被拉住，儿童的头颈又向后仰倒撞击在头托上，这造成儿童的头颈很容易受伤，引起儿童头颈的骨节损伤、错位，严重者会威胁儿童的生命。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种能够保护儿童头颈部的儿童汽车安全座。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一种技术方案是：一种儿童汽车安全座，包括用于供人乘坐的座位本体、设置在座位本体后部的靠背以及头托。头托包括位于靠背上前部的托部和设置在托部左右两侧的头托翼部，头托通过转轴与靠背枢轴连接，转轴沿左右方向延伸，头托能够绕转轴的轴线前后转动。
进一步地，儿童汽车安全座还包括头托复位保护装置，该头托复位保护装置在头托向后转动复位时对头托向后的运动起到阻尼作用和/或限位作用。
更进一步地，头托复位保护装置处于头托上部与靠背之间的位置。
更进一步地，头托具有与靠背延伸方向平行的初始位置和向后转动复位后靠近靠背的极限位置，头托处于极限位置时相对其处于初始位置时更远离靠背。
更进一步地，头托复位保护装置包括气弹簧。
更进一步地，气弹簧的上端部与头托相转动连接，下端部与靠背相转动且能够上下移动地连接。
更进一步地，在头托向前转动的过程中，气弹簧保持其长度，且其下端部相对靠背向上滑动；在头托向后转动复位的过程中，气弹簧的下端部与靠背之间的相对位置基本固定，气弹簧受力压缩。
更进一步地，靠背上具有沿上下方向延伸的导向槽，气弹簧的下端部上具有垂直于气弹 簧的连接轴，连接轴能够相对导向槽转动且能够沿导向槽的延伸方向滑动地插设在导向槽内。
更进一步地，靠背上还具有与导向槽的上端连通且位于导向槽的后侧的限位槽，在头托主体向后转动的过程中，连接轴位于限位槽内且抵在限位槽的槽壁上。
进一步地，头托具有位于靠背上部的头托主体和用于连接靠背的连接部，连接部沿上下方向延伸，其上部与头托主体连接，下部与靠背的下部通过转轴相转动连接，头托主体包括托部和头托翼部。
更进一步地，头托主体与连接部滑动连接，头托主体能够沿连接部的延伸方向上下滑动。
更进一步地，托部和连接部之间还设置有锁定机构，锁定机构用于将托部和连接部相互锁定。
进一步地，靠背沿其上下方向设置有多个安装部，安装部用于安装转轴，当头托安装在靠背上时，转轴安装在多个安装部中的一个安装部处。
更进一步地，安装部为开设在靠背上的安装槽，安装槽呈U形，安装槽的开口朝后，当头托安装在靠背上时，转轴自安装槽的开口插入安装槽中，转轴能够在安装槽中绕其自身的轴线旋转。
上下文中所涉及到的前后左右上下等方位词，是在所述儿童汽车安全座的正常使用时的方位作定义的，参照图1，其中的人体模型自身的前后左右上下即为本文中的前后左右上下。
本发明的范围，并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案，同时也应涵盖由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本申请中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案等。
由于上述技术方案运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：通过转轴将头托与靠背转动连接，所述头托能够随儿童的头颈部同步前后运动，所述头托始终保护在儿童的头颈外周，能够有效抵消儿童的头颈受到的冲击力以及能够抵挡撞车过程中飞溅的外物对儿童头部的侵袭，大大提高了儿童的乘车安全。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例一中儿童汽车安全座初始状态下的使用模拟立体图；
图2为本发明实施例一中儿童汽车安全座初始状态时的使用模拟主视图；
图3为本发明实施例一中儿童汽车安全座初始状态时的使用模拟右视图；
图4为本发明实施例一中儿童汽车安全座初始状态时的使用模拟俯视图；
图5为本发明实施例一中儿童汽车安全座在急刹或发生撞击时的使用模拟立体图；
图6为本发明实施例一中儿童汽车安全座在急刹或发生撞击时的使用模拟主视图；
图7为本发明实施例一中儿童汽车安全座在急刹或发生撞击时的使用模拟右视图；
图8为本发明实施例一中儿童汽车安全座在急刹或发生撞击时的使用模拟俯视图；
图9为实施例一中靠背和头托的部分安装示意图；
图10为本发明实施例二中儿童汽车安全座的拆分结构示意图；
图11为本发明实施例二中儿童汽车安全座在初始状态时的侧剖结构示意图；
图12为本发明实施例二中儿童汽车安全座在在急刹或发生撞击后的跟随状态时的侧剖结构示意图；
图13为本发明实施例二中儿童汽车安全座在跟随状态向复位状态过渡过程中的侧剖结构示意图；
图14为本发明实施例二中儿童汽车安全座在头托向后转动的极限位置(复位状态)时的侧剖结构示意图。
图中标号为：
1、座椅本体；2、靠背；21、安装槽；22、导向槽；23、限位槽；3、头托；30、头托主体；31、托部；32、头托翼部；33、连接部；4、扶手；41、缺口；5、靠背护翼；6、气弹簧；61、连接轴；100、转轴；200、人偶模型。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解。
实施例一
参考附图1至附图9，本实施例中的儿童汽车安全座椅，包括用于供儿童乘坐的座位本体1、设置在座位本体1后部的靠背2以及头托3。座位本体1左右两侧设置有扶手4，靠背2左右两侧设置有靠背护翼5以及安全带(附图中未画出)，靠背护翼5自靠背2向前延伸。
头托3与靠背2通过转轴100相枢轴连接，头托3相对靠背2能够前后转动。头托3具有位于靠背2上部的头托主体30和用于连接靠背2的连接部33。头托主体30包括托部31、设置在托部31左右两侧并向前延伸的头托翼部32。头托主体30为保护儿童头颈部的保护体，其具体制作方法为，在刚性支架上填充包覆软性材料(比如海绵等)而形成，上述的托部31和头托翼部32内均具有所述的刚性支架。
本实施例中的连接部33为板状，较为优选地，连接部33沿上下方向延伸，其上部与头托主体30连接，下部与靠背2的下部通过转轴100相转动连接。具体地，转轴100沿左右方向延伸从而使头托3能够绕转轴100的轴线前后转动。
连接部33为刚性。连接部33的上部连接上头托主体30内部的刚性支架，连接部33可以与刚性支架一体形成，也可以为后续固定连接。在一种更为优选的实施方案中，上述的头 托主体30与连接部33滑动连接，具体地，托部31与连接部33滑动连接，托部31能够沿连接部33的延伸方向上下滑动。托部31和连接部33之间还设置有锁定机构(图未示)。锁定机构用于将托部31和连接部33相互锁定。这样，使托部31在连接部33上滑动以调整托部31的高度，在确定托部31到达适合高度时通过锁定机构将托部31锁定在连接部33上。
靠背2沿其上下方向设置有多个安装部，安装部用于安装转轴100，当头托3安装在靠背2上时，转轴100安装在多个安装部中的一个安装部处。本实施例中，安装部为开设在靠背2上的安装槽21，安装槽21呈U形，安装槽21的开口朝后。多个安装槽21在靠背2上自上往下排列。当头托3安装在靠背2上时，转轴100安装在多个安装槽21中的一个安装槽21处。转轴100自安装槽21的开口插入安装槽21中，转轴100能够在安装槽21中绕其自身的轴线旋转。通过调节转轴100的位置来调节头托2的高度，以适应不同年龄和身高的儿童乘坐。
扶手4上开设有缺口41，缺口41用于供安全带穿过。靠背护翼5自靠背2向前延伸。
如图1至8所示，用人偶模型200来模拟儿童坐在儿童汽车安全座上的使用情况。本发明的儿童汽车安全座在使用时，儿童通过安全带束缚在座位本体1上。如图1至4所示，当汽车行驶平稳时，儿童汽车安全座处于正常使用状态，即初始状态，儿童的上身躯干倚靠在靠背2上，儿童的头部倚在头托3的托部31上，头托翼部32罩在头颈的左右两侧对头颈形成侧方保护。如图5至8所示，当汽车急刹或发生撞击时，儿所示头托3和儿童的上身躯干一起受惯性作用向前运动，头托3绕转轴100向前转动，与儿童同步，进而能够保持儿童的头颈部与头托3之间的间距几乎不发生改变。儿童回弹，头颈部向后甩动，头托3随儿童的头颈部同步后甩。通过头托3缓解儿童的头颈部后甩的冲击力，头托3的头托翼部32能够在儿童的头颈部前后运动的过程中始终保护在头颈部的左右两侧，进一步提高了儿童乘坐儿童汽车安全座的安全性。
本实施例中的儿童汽车安前座，通过将头托与靠背可前后转动地连接，在发生撞击时，头托始终保护在儿童的头颈外周，能够有效抵消儿童的头颈受到的冲击力以及能够抵挡撞车过程中飞溅的外物对儿童头部的侵袭，大大提高了儿童的乘车安全。
实施例二
参考附图10至附图14，本实施例中的儿童汽车安全座与实施一的区别仅在于：儿童汽车安全座椅还包括头托复位保护装置，该头托复位保护装置在头托3向后转动复位时对头托3向后的运动起到阻尼作用和/或限位作用。
头托复位保护装置处于头托3与靠背2之间的位置。具体地，头托复位保护装置连接在 头托主体30与靠背2之间的位置，且头托复位保护装置连接在连接部33的上部。
在一种更为优选的实施方案中，头托3具有初始位置和极限位置，当头托3处于初始位置时，其与靠背2延伸方向平行，当头托处于极限位置时，其处于向后转动复位后而靠近靠背2的位置，头托3处于极限位置时相对其处于初始位置时更远离靠背2。进一步地解释：在发生撞击的整个过程中，头托3至少具有初始状态、跟随状态和复位状态，当其处于初始状态时，头托主体30贴近靠背2，即向前转动的初始位置；当头托3处于跟随状态时，头托3向前转动，头托主体30远离靠背2；当头托3处于复位状态时，头托3向后转动，头托主体30靠近靠背2，即向后转动的极限位置。头托主体30在复位状态时相较其在初始状态时要远离靠背2，使头托主体30在复位状态时，确保儿童的头部不超过DE平面。DE平面是指在正常情况下靠背所在平面，当发生撞击时，由于回弹的惯性作用，儿童的头部会陷入包覆头托的软性材料中，而对颈部造成伤害。而本实例中的设计，头托3在复位状态时并不会完全恢复到初始状态时的位置，而使相对初始状态时的位置更靠前一些，从而保证了儿童的头部不超过DE平面。
头托复位保护装置包括气弹簧6。本实施例中，气弹簧6的上端部与头托3相转动连接，下端部与靠背2相转动且相对能够上下移动地连接。在头托3向前转动的过程中，气弹簧6保持其长度，且其下端部相对靠背2向上滑动；在头托3向后转动复位的过程中，气弹簧6的下端部与靠背2之间的相对位置基本固定，气弹簧6受力压缩。需要说明的是，由于现有技术中机械结构原理和制作工艺的限制，头托3在向后转动时，气弹簧6的下端部与靠背2之间不能够完全固定保持不动，二者之间会出现轻微的相对运动，所以这里说二者之间的相对位置“基本”固定。
本实施例中气弹簧6的下端部与靠背2之间的具体连接结构为：靠背2上具有沿上下方向延伸的导向槽22，气弹簧6的下端部上具有垂直于气弹簧6的连接轴61，连接轴61能够相对导向槽22转动且能够沿导向槽22的延伸方向滑动地插设在导向槽22内。
靠背2上还具有与导向槽22的上端连通且位于导向槽22的后侧的限位槽23，在头托主体30向后转动的过程中，连接轴61位于限位槽23内且抵在限位槽23的槽壁上。本实施例中的，限位槽23自导向槽22的上端向后下方延伸，由于其作用主要是用来对气弹簧6的下端部进行限位，确保在头托主体30向后转动的过程中，气弹簧6的下端部与靠背2之间的相对位置基本固定，具体地，连接轴61抵紧在限位槽23的与导向槽22相连通一端相反的另一端的槽壁上。
工作原理：
在发生碰撞前，即汽车行驶平稳时，儿童汽车安全座椅如附图2所示，头托3处于初始 状态，贴近靠背2，气弹簧6下端的连接轴61位于导向槽22的下端；当发生撞击时，如附图3所示，头托3绕转轴100向前转动，头托主体30跟随儿童头部一起向前，即头托3从初始状态向跟随状态过渡，过程中头托主体30始终很好包覆儿童头部，当头托3转动至远离靠背2的位置，即处于跟随状态时，气弹簧6的连接轴61沿着导向槽22向上移动至上端，也就是导向槽22与限位槽23的连接处；之后儿童头部回弹，回弹的能量驱动头托3向后转动，头托3从跟随状态向复位状态过渡，如附图4所示，气弹簧6的连接轴61进入限位槽23而不在滑动，气弹簧6开始受力压缩，吸收儿童头部回弹的能量；如附图5所示，头托3转至靠近靠背2的位置，即处于复位状态，气弹簧6压缩到最短，头托3达到极限位置，此位置相对初始位置更远离靠背2，确保儿童头部不超过DE平面。
本实施例中的儿童汽车安全座椅，增设头托复位保护装置，在撞击后头部回弹的过程中，头托复位保护装置受力压缩，吸收头部能量，能够有效抵消儿童的头颈受到的冲击力，防止儿童颈部受伤，大大提高了儿童的乘车安全。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种儿童汽车安全座，包括用于供人乘坐的座位本体(1)、设置在座位本体(1)后部的靠背(2)以及头托(3)，其特征在于：所述头托(3)包括位于靠背(2)上前部的托部(31)和设置在托部(31)左右两侧的头托翼部(32)，所述头托(3)通过转轴(100)与靠背(2)枢轴连接，所述转轴(100)沿左右方向延伸，所述头托(3)能够绕所述转轴(100)的轴线前后转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：所述的儿童汽车安全座还包括头托复位保护装置，该头托复位保护装置在所述头托(3)向后转动复位时对所述头托(3)向后的运动起到阻尼作用和/或限位作用。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：所述头托复位保护装置处于所述的头托(3)上部与所述靠背(2)之间的位置。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：所述头托(3)具有与所述靠背(2)延伸方向平行的初始位置和向后转动复位后靠近所述靠背的极限位置，所述头托(3)处于所述极限位置时相对其处于所述初始位置时更远离所述靠背(2)。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：所述头托复位保护装置包括气弹簧(6)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：所述气弹簧(6)的上端部与所述头托(3)相转动连接，下端部与所述靠背(2)相转动且能够上下移动地连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：在所述头托(3)向前转动的过程中，所述气弹簧(6)保持其长度，且其下端部相对所述靠背(2)向上滑动；在所述头托(3)向后转动复位的过程中，所述气弹簧(6)的下端部与所述靠背(2)之间的相对位置基本固定，所述的气弹簧(6)受力压缩。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：所述靠背(2)上具有沿上下方向延伸的导向槽(22)，所述气弹簧(6)的下端部上具有垂直于所述气弹簧(6)的连接轴(61)，所述连接轴(61)能够相对所述导向槽(22)转动且能够沿所述导向槽(22)的延伸方向滑动地插设在所述导向槽(22)内。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：所述的靠背(2)上还具有与所述导向槽(22)的上端连通且位于所述导向槽(22)的后侧的限位槽(23)，在所述头托主体(30)向后转动的过程中，所述的连接轴(61)位于所述限位槽(23)内且抵在限位槽(23)的槽 壁上。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：所述头托(3)具有位于所述靠背(2)上部的头托主体(30)和用于连接靠背(2)的连接部(33)，所述连接部(33)沿上下方向延伸，其上部与所述头托主体(30)连接，下部与所述的靠背(2)的下部通过所述转轴(100)相转动连接，所述的头托主体(30)包括所述托部(31)和所述头托翼部(32)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：所述头托主体(30)与所述连接部(33)滑动连接，所述头托主体(30)能够沿连接部(33)的延伸方向上下滑动。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：所述托部(31)和连接部(33)之间还设置有锁定机构，所述锁定机构用于将托部(31)和连接部(33)相互锁定。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：所述靠背(2)沿其上下方向设置有多个安装部，所述安装部用于安装所述转轴(100)，当所述头托(3)安装在靠背(2)上时，所述转轴(100)安装在所述的多个安装部中的一个安装部处。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的儿童汽车安全座，其特征在于：所述安装部为开设在靠背(2)上的安装槽(21)，所述安装槽(21)呈U形，所述安装槽(21)的开口朝后，当所述头托(3)安装在靠背(2)上时，所述转轴(100)自安装槽(21)的开口插入所述安装槽(21)中，所述转轴(100)能够在所述安装槽(21)中绕其自身的轴线旋转。
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