WO2019165725A1 - 电池充电装置、电池存储架和电池操作平台 - Google Patents

电池充电装置、电池存储架和电池操作平台 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019165725A1
WO2019165725A1 PCT/CN2018/091278 CN2018091278W WO2019165725A1 WO 2019165725 A1 WO2019165725 A1 WO 2019165725A1 CN 2018091278 W CN2018091278 W CN 2018091278W WO 2019165725 A1 WO2019165725 A1 WO 2019165725A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
bracket
charging device
joint
charging
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/091278
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戚文刚
赵志凌
郝战铎
杨潮
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority to EP18908211.8A priority Critical patent/EP3761474A4/en
Publication of WO2019165725A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019165725A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/296—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by terminals of battery packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/629—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances
    • H01R13/631—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for engagement only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular, to a battery charging device, a battery storage rack, and a battery operating platform.
  • the present invention provides a battery charging device, a battery storage rack, and a battery operating platform, thereby effectively solving or alleviating one or more of the above problems and other problems existing in the prior art.
  • a battery charging apparatus for charging a battery located in a storage area of a battery storage rack, the battery charging apparatus comprising:
  • a charging end unit provided with a first connector, one end of the first connector being connected to a power source for supplying electrical energy, and the other end being configured to match a battery terminal connector on the battery for Charging the battery after engaging a connector with the battery end connector;
  • a drive unit configured to provide a driving force to cause relative movement of the second bracket with the first bracket to urge the first joint to engage or disengage the battery end fitting.
  • the charging end unit includes:
  • a second portion having the first joint disposed thereon and the second portion supported on the first portion and having a degree of freedom that is floatable and twistable relative to the first portion in a horizontal plane.
  • the opposite ends of the first portion are respectively provided with two elastic members for supporting the second portion so as to be horizontal with respect to the first portion. Floating up and twisting.
  • the second portion is further provided with one or more second connectors for detachably engaging with corresponding connectors on the battery to transmit the battery Signal related to charging operation.
  • the end of the one end of the first joint and/or the end of the battery end fitting is provided with an elastic member at the first joint and the The electrical connection is made via the elastic member after the battery end joint is engaged.
  • one of the first joint and the battery end joint is configured as a pin structure, and the other is configured as a hole structure matching the pin structure.
  • the driving unit includes at least one cylinder and at least two linear bearings, the cylinder being mounted on the first bracket for providing the driving force,
  • the linear bearing is mounted on the first bracket for movably supporting a guide member correspondingly disposed on the second bracket.
  • the cylinders are provided with two, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the first bracket.
  • the driving unit includes a motor and a linear guide
  • the motor is mounted on the first bracket for providing the driving force
  • the linear guide is And mounted on the first bracket for movably supporting a guide member correspondingly disposed on the second bracket.
  • the battery storage rack is configured as a one-sided cantilever structure.
  • a battery storage rack having one or more storage locations for storing batteries, each of which is provided with one of the above The battery charging device.
  • a battery operating platform characterized in that the battery operating platform is provided with one or more battery storage racks as described above.
  • the battery charging device of the invention has many advantages such as compact structure, small occupied space, reliable function operation, good maintainability and low cost.
  • the degree of freedom of horizontal floating and twisting is allowed when the battery charging interface is inserted and removed, so that the battery position and posture adjustment and positioning can be efficiently realized, and the device device itself is reduced.
  • Complexity and improved safety operation reliability effectively protecting the battery itself and related components.
  • the application of the invention can significantly improve the existing battery charging device device, and effectively enhance the space utilization, reliability and scalability of the charging and discharging system.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of a battery charging apparatus according to the present invention on a battery storage rack.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective structural view of a charging end unit in the embodiment of the battery charging device shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective structural view of a charging end unit in the embodiment of the battery charging device shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective structural view of the first bracket, the second bracket, and the driving unit in the battery charging device embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in which the charging end unit is omitted.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of the battery charging device in the embodiment of FIG.
  • battery as used herein includes, but is not limited to, batteries, battery packs, battery packs, and the like for powering a vehicle.
  • the battery charging device is provided to charge the battery to supplement the charge.
  • the battery 11 to be charged and replenished is placed in a storage space of the battery storage rack 10.
  • Such a battery 11 can be unloaded from the vehicle and then moved into the battery storage rack 10, for example, by a power-changing operation device.
  • the depleted battery in the location is replenished by charging it to subsequently displace the battery 11 from the library of battery storage racks 10 when needed and onto a vehicle that requires replacement of the battery.
  • the vehicles mentioned above include, but are not limited to, pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and the like.
  • the battery charging device includes a first bracket 1, a second bracket 2, a charging end unit 3, and a driving unit 4.
  • the first bracket 1 is mounted on the battery storage rack 10 by any suitable means such as bolting, and the battery storage rack 10 can adopt a single-sided cantilever structure to simplify the structure, improve space utilization, and also Devices such as sensors, cables, and the like are disposed on the battery storage rack 10 to facilitate daily equipment operation, maintenance, and overhaul.
  • the second bracket 2 and the first bracket 1 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the charging end unit 3 is mounted on the second bracket 2 so that the second bracket 2 can be driven by the driving unit 4.
  • the first bracket 1 is caused to move relative to each other, thereby causing the battery charging device to engage with the battery 11 to be charged and then to transfer power to the latter, or to cause the battery 11 to be disengaged after the battery 11 is fully charged, thereby ending the charging. operating.
  • the first terminal 5 is provided on the charging end unit 3 for connecting the power supply for supplying electric energy and the battery 11 to be charged, that is, one end of the first connector 5 is connected to the power source.
  • the battery end fittings 12 on the battery 11 are matched to each other (for example, by correspondingly fitting pins, holes, etc., respectively) so that the first joint 5 and the battery end joint 12 are caused by operation.
  • an electrical connection path from the above power source to the battery 11 can be formed, whereby power can be continuously transmitted to the battery 11 until the battery 11 is fully charged, and then the first connector 5 and the battery are made by operating the driving unit 4.
  • the end connector 12 is disengaged to disconnect the electrical connection path described above, that is, the charging operation is completed.
  • the three-dimensional structure of the charging end unit 3 in this embodiment is schematically shown in Fig. 2.
  • the first joint 5 it can be understood that it is provided by providing a positive electrode terminal, a negative electrode terminal and a ground terminal to form a charging current circuit, which are respectively shown on the left side of the charging terminal unit 3 in FIG. Positive terminal, ground terminal and negative terminal of the middle, right and right sides.
  • positive terminal, ground terminal and negative terminal of the middle, right and right sides positive terminal, ground terminal and negative terminal of the middle, right and right sides.
  • this also requires the battery end connector to adopt a structural design that exactly matches it.
  • an elastic member such as a coil spring, a spring, or the like
  • the end connector 12 provides an over-insertion protection function when engaged, and effectively prevents damage to components in the battery and the battery charging device.
  • one or more second connectors 6 may also be provided on the charging end unit 3 as shown in FIG. 2, such connectors being used to communicate signals related to battery charging operations so that It can control the charging operation more accurately and effectively.
  • the signal can be transmitted via the second connector 6 to the corresponding control via a sensor disposed on the battery 11 or the battery charging device. A device or system for the latter to initiate a charging operation accordingly.
  • this signal can be transmitted to the corresponding control device or system via the second connector 6 to enable timely and accurate control of disengagement of both the first connector 5 and the battery terminal connector 12.
  • such a signal can also be transmitted to the control device or system through the second connector 6, so that corresponding measures can be implemented in time to eliminate the safety hazard.
  • the charging end unit 3 is optionally provided to include two portions, namely a first portion 8 mounted on the second bracket 2 and a second portion supported on the first portion 8. 9.
  • the reason for adopting such a structural arrangement is that the second portion 9 can thus be further preferably arranged to have such a degree of freedom that it can not only float on a horizontal plane with respect to the first portion 8, but also The torsional movement is carried out, whereby the complexity of the device device itself and the manufacturing and maintenance costs can be greatly reduced, in particular, even if a certain deflection positioning error occurs in the battery end fitting 1, it can be arranged on the second portion 9.
  • the first joint 5 inserts and engages the battery end fitting 12 very accurately, or pulls the first joint 5 out of the battery end fitting 12 to disengage them from the previous engaged state.
  • the second portion 9 can be realized with the above-described spatial motion freedom by arranging some elastic members such as springs on the first portion 8 of the charging end unit 3.
  • some elastic members such as springs
  • four elastic members 7 may be optionally arranged on the first portion 8, i.e., two elastic members 7 are provided on opposite ends of the first portion 8, respectively, provided by the elastic members 7.
  • the elastic force elastically supports the second portion 9 of the charging end unit 3, thereby causing the second portion 9 to float on the horizontal surface with respect to the first portion 8 and capable of twisting, thereby having a self-resetting function to realize the above joint A safe and reliable engagement or disengagement operation, that is, a plugging operation.
  • the cable or harness for each joint in the present invention may preferably employ a highly flexible cable so as to be better adapted to the insertion and removal operations between the joints, Ensure that the entire device is safe, reliable and durable.
  • the drive unit 4 it is used as a power portion in the battery charging device for providing a driving force to achieve an engaging or disengaging operation between the first joint 5 and the battery end fitting 12.
  • one cylinder 14 and two linear bearings 15 may be provided for implementing the functions of the above drive unit 4.
  • the cylinder 14 may be disposed on the first bracket 1, and two linear bearings 15 may be respectively disposed on both sides of the cylinder 14, and the two linear bearings 15 are movably supported to be correspondingly Two guide members 13 disposed on the second bracket 2, when the starting cylinder 14 pneumatically provides a driving force to move the second bracket 2 relative to the first bracket 1, through the linear bearing 15 and the guide member 13 described above
  • the starting cylinder 14 pneumatically provides a driving force to move the second bracket 2 relative to the first bracket 1, through the linear bearing 15 and the guide member 13 described above
  • the function of the drive unit 4 can also be implemented by means of a motor drive, which can be used, for example, for light loads and the like.
  • a motor can be mounted on the first bracket 1 to provide a driving force required for the driving unit 4, and a linear guide rail is also mounted on the first bracket 1, and the linear guide rail is used for movably supporting the corresponding a guide member disposed on the second bracket 2, that is, when the motor is turned on to provide a driving force to move the second bracket 2 relative to the first bracket 1, the guide on the linear guide and the second bracket 2 can be guided.
  • the piece can constrain the relative movement trajectory between the second bracket 2 and the first bracket 1 (ie, the perpendicularity of the joint insertion and removal) as desired, thereby ensuring reliable realization of the charging end unit 3 corresponding to the battery 11 Engagement or disengagement operations between the joints.
  • the present invention provides a compact battery charging device that is not only easy to assemble, use, maintain and maintain, has low cost, is reliable in function operation, and is particularly capable of effectively implementing a battery charging connector for a battery storage rack. Accurate, reliable, and safe insertion and removal operations to efficiently replenish and store battery power.
  • the battery charging device according to the present invention overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks and deficiencies existing in the prior art, and particularly successfully solves, for example, the desire to be able to transport a depleted battery from a vehicle after being converted to a battery storage system. Reliable charging complements and reduces technical issues such as the complexity and cost of the device itself.
  • the invention can improve the existing battery-changing equipment device, which has positive significance for further promoting the use of new energy vehicles and promoting environmental protection.
  • a battery storage rack having one or more storage locations for storing batteries, and a storage unit according to the present invention may be disposed in each of the storage locations of such battery storage shelves.
  • the battery charging device provided is designed to take full advantage of the obvious technical advantages of the inventive arrangements as previously described.
  • a battery operating platform on which one or more of the above-mentioned battery storage racks provided according to the present invention can be disposed for storage by such a battery.
  • the battery charging device provided by the present invention can be used to safely and reliably charge these batteries when the battery is stored.
  • the operations that can be implemented by the above battery operating platform include, but are not limited to, power exchange, charging, battery information (such as battery state of charge, health, number of uses, etc.) monitoring, etc., the above vehicle battery is completed charging It can then be loaded into various types of new energy vehicles such as pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles for use.
  • the battery charging device, the battery storage rack and the battery operating platform according to the present invention are exemplified in detail by way of example only, and these examples are only for explaining the principles of the present invention and the embodiments thereof, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
  • Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions are intended to be within the scope of the invention and are defined by the claims of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及电池充电装置、电池存储架和电池操作平台。所述电池充电装置用于对位于电池存储架的库位中的电池进行充电，其包括：第一支架，其被装设在电池存储架上；充电端单元，其设置有第一接头，第一接头的一端与用于提供电能的电源相连，另一端被构造成与电池上的电池端接头相匹配，用以在第一接头与电池端接头接合后对电池充电；第二支架，其与第一支架相邻布置，并且充电端单元被装设在第二支架上；驱动单元，其被设置成用于提供驱动力来使得第二支架与第一支架进行相对运动，以促使第一接头与电池端接头接合或脱离接合。本发明具有结构紧凑、占用空间小、功能运行可靠、维护性好且成本低等众多优点。

Description

电池充电装置、电池存储架和电池操作平台 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池充电装置、电池存储架和电池操作平台。
背景技术
随着科技进步和社会发展，例如纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车等多种类型的新能源汽车日益获得广泛使用。就这些新型汽车来讲，其中涉及到电池快换等方面的技术越来越成为本领域中的关注和研究课题。例如，如果要实现车辆电池加电的体验超越传统车辆加油的体验，那么电池加电时间将是一个重要指标。更换电池是实现快速加电的一种方式，在电池技术没有取得突破性进展、安全可使用的快充技术出现之前，换电仍将是缓解用户对行车里程的焦虑，实现车辆电池加电时间能够对标、甚至超越传统车辆加油时间的最有可能方式。
如何实现快速充电补能和可靠安全充电是普及换电技术和商业运作大体量换电的难点和关键核心技术。尽管目前已经出现了多种换电方式，但是它们仍然存在着诸如设备装置占用空间较大、操作复杂且可靠性较差、制造成本较高、不易维护等问题。所以，很有必要针对包括上述这些情况在内的现有问题或弊端进行充分研究，以便加以改进。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了电池充电装置、电池存储架和电池操作平台，从而有效解决或缓解了现有技术中存在的上述问题和其他方面的问题中的一个或多个。
首先，根据本发明的第一方面，它提供了一种电池充电装置，其用于对位于电池存储架的库位中的电池进行充电，所述电池充电装置包括：
第一支架，其被装设在所述电池存储架上；
充电端单元，其设置有第一接头，所述第一接头的一端与用于提供电能的电源相连，另一端被构造成与所述电池上的电池端接头相匹配，用以在所述第一接头与所述电池端接头接合后对所述电池充电；
第二支架，其与所述第一支架相邻布置，并且所述充电端单元被装设在所述第二支架上；以及
驱动单元，其被设置成用于提供驱动力来使得所述第二支架与所述第一支架进行相对运动，以促使所述第一接头与所述电池端接头接合或脱离接合。
在根据本发明的电池充电装置中，可选地，所述充电端单元包括：
第一部分，其被装设在所述第二支架上；
第二部分，其上布置有所述第一接头，并且所述第二部分被支撑在所述第一部分上并具有能相对于所述第一部分在水平面上浮动且能扭转的自由度。
在根据本发明的电池充电装置中，可选地，所述第一部分的相对置两端分别设置有两个弹性部件，用于支撑所述第二部分使其能相对于所述第一部分在水平面上浮动且能扭转。
在根据本发明的电池充电装置中，可选地，所述第二部分上还设置有一个或多个第二接头，其用于与所述电池上的对应接头可拆卸地接合来传送与电池充电操作相关的信号。
在根据本发明的电池充电装置中，可选地，所述第一接头的所述一端的端部和/或所述电池端接头的端部设置有弹性部件，在所述第一接头与所述电池端接头接合后经由所述弹性部件实现电连接。
在根据本发明的电池充电装置中，可选地，所述第一接头和所述电池端接头中的一个被构造成销结构，另一个被构造成与所述销结构相匹配的孔结构。
在根据本发明的电池充电装置中，可选地，所述驱动单元包括至少一个气缸和至少两个直线轴承，所述气缸被装设在所述第一支架上用于提供所述驱动力，所述直线轴承被装设在所述第一支架上用于可移动地支撑被对应设置于所述第二支架上的导向件。
在根据本发明的电池充电装置中，可选地，所述气缸设置有两个，它们被分别布置所述第一支架的两侧。
在根据本发明的电池充电装置中，可选地，所述驱动单元包括电机和直线导轨，所述电机被装设在所述第一支架上用于提供所述驱动力，所述直线导轨被装设在所述第一支架上用于可移动地支撑被对应设置于所述第二支架上的导向件。
在根据本发明的电池充电装置中，可选地，所述电池存储架被构造成单边悬臂结构。
其次，根据本发明的第二方面，它提供了一种电池存储架，所述电池存储架具有一个或多个用于存储电池的库位，每一个库位中设置有一个如以上任一项所述的电池充电装置。
另外，根据本发明的第三方面，还提供了一种电池操作平台，其特征在于，所述电池操作平台设置有一个或多个如以上所述的电池存储架。
与现有技术相比，本发明的电池充电装置具有结构紧凑、占用空间小、功能运行可靠、维护性好且成本低等众多优点。在本发明技术方案中，尤其设计并提供了在对电池充电接口进行插拔接合操作时允许具有水平方向浮动和扭转的自由度，从而能够高效实现电池位置姿态调整和定位，降低设备装置本身的复杂性，并且提高了安全操作可靠性，有效保护了 电池本身以及相关零部件。应用本发明能够显著改进现有的电池充电设备装置，有效增强充换电系统的空间利用率、可靠性和可扩展性。
附图说明
以下将结合附图和实施例来对本发明的技术方案作进一步的详细描述，但是应当知道，这些附图仅是为解释目的而设计的，因此不作为本发明范围的限定。此外，除非特别指出，这些附图仅意在概念性地说明此处描述的结构构造，而不必要依比例进行绘制。
图1是一个根据本发明的电池充电装置实施例布置在电池存储架上的立体结构示意图。
图2是图1所示的电池充电装置实施例中的充电端单元的立体结构示意图。
图3是图1所示的电池充电装置实施例中的第一支架、第二支架和驱动单元的立体结构示意图，其中省略了充电端单元。
图4是图1所示的电池充电装置实施例中的驱动单元采用气动机构时的立体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
首先，需要说明的是，以下将以示例方式来具体说明本发明的电池充电装置、电池存储架和电池操作平台的结构、组成、特点和优点等，然而所有的描述仅是用来进行说明的，而不应将它们理解为对本发明形成任何的限制。在本文中所使用的技术术语“电池”包括但不限于用于为车辆提供动力的电池、电池组、电池包等。
此外，对于在本文所提及的实施例中予以描述或隐含的任意单个技术特征，或者被显示或隐含在各附图中的任意单个技术特征，本发明仍然允许在这些技术特征(或其等同物)之间继续进行任意组合或者删减，从而获得可能未在本文中直接提及的本发明的更多其他实施例。另外，为了简化图面起见，相同或相类似的零部件和特征在同一附图中可能仅在一处或若干处进行标示。
请结合参考图1至图4，通过这些附图示意性地显示出了一个根据本发明的电池充电装置实施例的基本结构组成情况，下面就对此进行详细说明。
在这个给出的实施例中，该电池充电装置是被提供用来对电池进行充电操作来补充电量。如图1所示，待充电补能的电池11是被放置在电池存储架10的库位中，这样的电池11可以例如是通过换电操作装置从车辆上卸载下后移入到电池存储架10的库位中的亏电电池，通过对其进行充电来补充恢复电量，以便随后在需要时将该电池11从电池存储架10的库位移出，并且装载到需要更换电池的车辆上。需要理解的是，以上所提及的车辆包括但不局限于纯电动车辆、混合动力车辆等。
该电池充电装置包括第一支架1、第二支架2、充电端单元3和驱动单元4。其中，第一支架1是通过例如螺栓连接等任何适宜方式被装设到电池存储架10上，该电池存储架10可以采用单边悬臂结构，以便简化结构，提高空间利用率，并且还可以将例如传感器、线缆等器件布置在该电池存储架10上，从而方便进行日常设备操作、维护和检修。
如图1所示，第二支架2与第一支架1二者彼此相邻布置，并且将充电端单元3装设在该第二支架2上，以便能够通过驱动单元4来驱动第二支架2使其与第一支架1进行相对运动，由此促使该电池充电装置与待充电的电池11进行接合后向后者传送电能，或者在该电池11充满电之后使得它们脱离接合从而结束本次充电操作。
具体来讲，请同时参阅图1至图4，在充电端单元3上设置有第一接头5用来连通提供电能的电源和待充电的电池11，即第一接头5的一端是与电源相连，它的另一端是电池11上的电池端接头12相互匹配(例如分别采用对应适配的销、孔等结构来配合实现)，以便在通过操作使得第一接头5与电池端接头12二者接合之后，即可形成从上述电源到电池11的电连接通路，由此可以向电池11持续传送电能直到该电池11被充满电为止，然后再通过操作驱动单元4来使得第一接头5与电池端接头12脱离接合来断开上述的电连接通路，即完成了本次充电操作。
在图2中示意性地大致显示出了本实施例中的充电端单元3的立体结构。就第一接头5来讲，可以理解的是，它通过需要提供正极端子、负极端子和接地端子以便形成充电电流回路，在图2中就图示出了分别设置在充电端单元3的左侧、中部和右侧的正极端子、接地端子和负极端子。然而，在实际应用中，有可能将上述的正极端子、负极端子和接地端子一起集成布置在采用同心布置但彼此之间可靠电绝缘的单个接口中，由此可以获得更为紧凑的结构布局，当然这也需要电池端接头采用与之完全匹配的结构设计。
作为示例说明，在可选情形下，可以将第一接头5与电池端接头12相对应接合的端部上设置弹性部件(如螺旋式弹簧、弹片等)，以便能够在第一接头5与电池端接头12进行接合时提供过度插入保护功能，有效防止电池和电池充电装置中的零部件受损等。当第一接头5与电池上的电池端接头12被可拆卸地接合在一起之后，此时位于它们之间的上述弹性部件应当能够保证实现从电源到电池11的电连接通路，从而完成对该电池11的充电补能操作。
此外，在可选情形下，还可以如图2中所示地在充电端单元3上设置一个或多个第二接头6，这样的接头是被用来传递与电池充电操作相关的信号，以便能够更为准确、有效地控制充电操作。例如，当将第一接头5与电池端接头12二者操作接合在一起时，即可通过设置在电池11或该电池充电装置上的传感器来将此信号经由第二接头6传送给相应的控 制装置或系统，以便后者来据此启动充电操作。又如，当电池11已经充满电时，可以通过第二接头6将此信号传送给相应的控制装置或系统，以便能够及时准确地控制实现第一接头5与电池端接头12二者脱离接合。此外，在电池11的充电过程中发生故障或异常的情况下，也可以通过第二接头6将此类信号传送给控制装置或系统，以便能够及时实施相应的措施，消除安全隐患。
在本电池充电装置实施例中，充电端单元3是被可选地设置成包括两个部分，即装设在第二支架2上的第一部分8以及支撑在该第一部分8上的第二部分9。采用这种结构布置方式的原因是在于，可以由此将第二部分9进一步优选地设置成具有这样的自由度，即可使其不仅能够相对于第一部分8在水平面上进行浮动，而且还能进行扭转运动，由此能够极大地降低设备装置本身的复杂性和制造维护成本，尤其是即使在电池端接头1出现了一定偏转定位误差的情况下，也能实现将布置在第二部分9上的第一接头5非常准确地插入并接合电池端接头12，或者将第一接头5从电池端接头12拔出而使得它们脱离之前的已接合状态。
作为示例性说明，可以通过在充电端单元3的第一部分8上布置一些例如弹簧等弹性部件来实现第二部分9具有上述的空间运动自由度。例如，如图2所示，可以在第一部分8上可选地布置四个弹性部件7，即在第一部分8的相对置两端上分别设置两个弹性部件7，通过这些弹性部件7所提供的弹性作用力来弹性地支撑充电端单元3的第二部分9，从而促使该第二部分9能够相对于第一部分8在水平面上浮动并且能进行扭转，因此具有了自复位功能来实现上述接头之间安全可靠的进行接合或脱离接合操作，即插拔操作。
此外，对于本领域技术人员来讲，可以理解的是，在本发明中用于各接头的线缆或线束可以优选地采用高柔性电缆，以便能够更好地适应接头之间的插拔操作，保证整个装置操作安全可靠、经久耐用。
对于驱动单元4来讲，它是作为本电池充电装置中的动力部分，用来提供驱动力以便实现第一接头5与电池端接头12之间的接合或脱离接合操作。
举例而言，在轻载情况下，如图3中所示，可以设置一个气缸14和两个直线轴承15用来实现以上驱动单元4的功能。具体来讲，可以将该气缸14布置在第一支架1上，并且可将两个直线轴承15分别布置在该气缸14的两侧，这两个直线轴承15是用来可移动地支撑被对应设置在第二支架2上的两个导向件13，当启动气缸14以气动方式提供驱动力来使得第二支架2相对于第一支架1进行移动运动时，通过上述直线轴承15和导向件13就能够如所期望那样地约束第二支架2与第一支架1之间的相对运动轨迹(即接头插拔的垂直度)，从而保证可靠地实现充电端单元3与电池11上的各接头之间的接合或脱离接合操作。
此外，在重载情况下，还可以考虑同时采用两个气缸14，将它们如图4所示地分别布置第一支架1的两侧，以便能够更大的驱动力来实现接头之间的插拔操作。当然，还应当理解的是，上述的关于直线轴承15的具体设置数量、布置位置等，在不脱离本发明主旨的情况下是被允许根据实际应用情况来进行灵活选择和调整。
再举例来讲，还可以采用电机驱动方式来实现驱动单元4的功能，这可以用于例如轻载等情况。具体来讲，可以在第一支架1上装设电机来提供驱动单元4所需的驱动力，并且还在该第一支架1上装设直线导轨，通过这样的直线导轨用来可移动地支撑被对应设置在第二支架2上的导向件，即当开启电机运行来提供驱动力使得第二支架2相对于第一支架1进行移动运动时，就可以通过上述直线导轨和第二支架2上的导向件就能够如所期望那样地约束第二支架2与第一支架1之间的相对运动轨迹(即接头插拔的垂直度)，从而保证可靠地实现充电端单元3与电池11上相对应的各接头之间的接合或脱离接合操作。
如上所述，本发明提供了一种结构紧凑型的电池充电装置，其不仅便于装配、使用、维修维护、成本低、功能运行可靠，而且尤其能够有效实现针对位于电池存储架中的电池充电接头进行准确、可靠且安全的插拔操作，从而高效完成电池补能和存储电量。根据本发明所提供的电池充电装置克服了现有技术中所存在的前述弊端和不足之处，尤其成功解决了例如期望能够将亏电电池从车辆换电之后运输到电池存储系统中实施快速且可靠的充电补能并且降低设备装置本身复杂性及成本等技术问题。应用本发明可以改进现有的电池换电设备装置，这对于进一步推广使用新能源汽车、促进环境保护等均具有积极意义。
根据本发明的另外一个技术方案，还提供了一种具有一个或多个用于存储电池的库位的电池存储架，可以在这样的电池存储架的每一个库位中设置一个根据本发明所设计提供的电池充电装置，以便充分发挥本发明方案所具备的如前所述的这些明显技术优势。
此外，根据本发明的又一个技术方案，还提供了一种电池操作平台，可以在该电池操作平台上设置一个或多个根据本发明所设计提供的上述电池存储架，以便通过这样的电池存储架在存储电池时即可使用本发明所设计提供的电池充电装置来对这些电池进行安全可靠地充电操作。应当理解的是，上述电池操作平台所能实现的操作包括但不限于进行换电、充电、电池信息(如电池荷电状态、健康度、使用次数等)监控等，上述车辆电池在完成充电补能之后可将其装载到例如纯电动车辆、混合动力车辆等各种类型的新能源车辆上投入使用。
以上仅以举例方式来详细阐明根据本发明的电池充电装置、电池存储架和电池操作平台，这些个例仅供说明本发明的原理及其实施方式之用，而非对本发明的限制，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，本领域技术人员还可以做出各种变形和改进。因此，所有等 同的技术方案均应属于本发明的范畴并为本发明的各项权利要求所限定。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种电池充电装置，其用于对位于电池存储架的库位中的电池进行充电，其特征在于，所述电池充电装置包括：
    第一支架，其被装设在所述电池存储架上；
    充电端单元，其设置有第一接头，所述第一接头的一端与用于提供电能的电源相连，另一端被构造成与所述电池上的电池端接头相匹配，用以在所述第一接头与所述电池端接头接合后对所述电池充电；
    第二支架，其与所述第一支架相邻布置，并且所述充电端单元被装设在所述第二支架上；以及
    驱动单元，其被设置成用于提供驱动力来使得所述第二支架与所述第一支架进行相对运动，以促使所述第一接头与所述电池端接头接合或脱离接合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池充电装置，其中，所述充电端单元包括：
    第一部分，其被装设在所述第二支架上；
    第二部分，其上布置有所述第一接头，并且所述第二部分被支撑在所述第一部分上并具有能相对于所述第一部分在水平面上浮动且能扭转的自由度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池充电装置，其中，所述第一部分的相对置两端分别设置有两个弹性部件，用于支撑所述第二部分使其能相对于所述第一部分在水平面上浮动且能扭转。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电池充电装置，其中，所述第二部分上还设置有一个或多个第二接头，其用于与所述电池上的对应接头可拆卸地接合来传送与电池充电操作相关的信号。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电池充电装置，其中，所述第一接头的所述一端的端部和/或所述电池端接头的端部设置有弹性部件，在所述第一接头与所述电池端接头接合后经由所述弹性部件实现电连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电池充电装置，其中，所述第一接头和所述电池端接头中的一个被构造成销结构，另一个被构造成与所述销结构相匹配的孔结构。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池充电装置，其中，所述驱动单元包括至少一个气缸和至少两个直线轴承，所述气缸被装设在所述第一支架上用于提供所述驱动力，所述直线轴承被装设在所述第一支架上用于可移动地支撑被对应设置于所述第二支架上的导向件。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池充电装置，其中，所述气缸设置有两个，它们被分别布置所述第一支架的两侧。
  9. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池充电装置，其中，所述驱动单元包括电机和直线导轨，所述电机被装设在所述第一支架上用于提供所述驱动力，所述直线导轨被装设在所述第 一支架上用于可移动地支撑被对应设置于所述第二支架上的导向件。
  10. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池充电装置，其中，所述电池存储架被构造成单边悬臂结构。
  11. 一种电池存储架，其特征在于，所述电池存储架具有一个或多个用于存储电池的库位，每一个库位中设置有一个如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电池充电装置。
  12. 一种电池操作平台，其特征在于，所述电池操作平台设置有一个或多个如权利要求11所述的电池存储架。
PCT/CN2018/091278 2018-02-28 2018-06-14 电池充电装置、电池存储架和电池操作平台 WO2019165725A1 (zh)

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