WO2019144439A1 - 一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置 - Google Patents

一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置 Download PDF

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WO2019144439A1
WO2019144439A1 PCT/CN2018/075539 CN2018075539W WO2019144439A1 WO 2019144439 A1 WO2019144439 A1 WO 2019144439A1 CN 2018075539 W CN2018075539 W CN 2018075539W WO 2019144439 A1 WO2019144439 A1 WO 2019144439A1
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powder
fertilizer
automatic
adding system
automatic adding
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PCT/CN2018/075539
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王应宗
许秀成
吴初柱
王仁宗
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湖北富邦科技股份有限公司
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Priority to MA47633A priority Critical patent/MA47633B1/fr
Publication of WO2019144439A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019144439A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil

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  • the utility model relates to a fertilizer coating production device with moisture-proof and slow-release anti-knot coloring and anti-pulverization effect, belonging to the field of fertilizer.
  • China is a big agricultural country, and various fertilizers, especially fertilizers, play an indelible contribution to China's food security.
  • perphosphate is a cost-effective phosphate fertilizer. The production of perphosphate is to decompose phosphate rock with sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or nitric acid.
  • the decomposed pulp is aged and granulated into particles of superphosphate and phosphorus.
  • the medium amount of elements in the ore such as calcium, magnesium and silicon, and trace elements such as iron, manganese and zinc, remain in the superphosphate.
  • the phosphate has a better effect; in order to ensure decomposition, the inorganic acid is often intentionally controlled.
  • the fertilizer contains a small amount of free inorganic acid, and this kind of inorganic acid can promote the reuse of the fixed nutrients in the soil, so the use of granular phosphate crops is better, and is also recognized by farmers.
  • the particulate perphosphate free acid due to the presence of the particulate perphosphate free acid, it cannot be contacted with urea.
  • the residual inorganic acid in the perphosphate reacts with urea to form urea phosphate and urea sulfate, while urea sulfate and urea phosphate have lower moisture absorption points. It is easy to absorb moisture in the air, and even liquefaction and muddy.
  • the particulate perphosphate is used as a phosphorus source and mixed with urea and potassium fertilizer to prepare a blended fertilizer, the prepared fertilizer is easily wetted, muddy, agglomerated, agglomerated, and cannot be used normally.
  • the heavy superphosphate can have a sustained release effect and achieve the purpose of coloring, it is a breakthrough in the new fertilizer.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a fertilizer coating production device for preventing moisture, slow release, anti-knot, coloring and anti-pulverization.
  • the granular fertilizer treated by the device after being mixed with other fertilizers, does not absorb moisture, does not mud, does not agglomerate, does not powder, completely solves the problem of blending of fertilizers, and promotes the development of the blended fertilizer industry.
  • the utility model is realized by the following methods:
  • a fertilizer coating production device with moisture-proof and slow-release anti-knot coloring and anti-pulverization effect comprising an automatic fertilizer feeding system, a discharging packaging system, an automatic adding system and a coating roller, and an automatic adding system is automatically added by a powder system
  • the liquid automatic adding system is characterized in that: the front end of the coating drum is installed with an automatic fertilizer feeding system, and the rear end of the coating drum is equipped with a discharging packaging system, and the automatic charging system of the powder is installed in the coating drum, and the liquid automatic Adding a system, wherein the first liquid automatic adding system is installed at the front end of the coating drum, the first set of powder automatic adding system is installed in the first liquid automatic adding system, and then the second liquid automatic adding system is installed, second The automatic powder adding system is installed in the second liquid automatic adding system, and the liquid automatic adding system + powder automatic adding system is adjusted according to different fertilizer coating conditions.
  • the liquid automatic adding system comprises a metering pump and 1-10 atomizing nozzles, and 1-10 atomizing nozzles are connected to the metering pump through the cloth pipe, and the liquid auxiliary agent passes through the cloth pipe under the pressure of the metering pump and The atomizing nozzle is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the fertilizer.
  • the atomizing nozzle is connected with the compressed air to spray the liquid auxiliary agent in a mist shape to maintain the best atomization effect.
  • the material of the cloth tube and the atomizing nozzle is any one of metal, ceramic, plastic, and composite material.
  • the powder automatic adding system is composed of a powder conveying machine and a discharging port, and the discharging port is installed on the powder conveying machine, and the powder is conveyed and metered by the powder conveying machine, and is uniformly distributed on the fertilizer surface through the discharging port.
  • the powder conveyor is a dust pulverizer, a screw conveyor or a diaphragm pump.
  • the fertilizer includes superphosphate, heavy superphosphate, granular potassium fertilizer, compound fertilizer, urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride, granular ammonium nitrate, granular ammonium nitrate calcium, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and the like.
  • the liquid auxiliary agent is one or more substances such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, modified starch, maltodextrin, and resin.
  • the powder is magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, manganese oxide, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, sulfur or a mixture thereof.
  • the coloring agent is a pigment, a pigment, carbon black, or the like, and the coloring agent is added in such a manner as to be directly added to the liquid auxiliary.
  • the fertilizer automatic feeding system, the liquid automatic adding system, the powder automatic adding system and the liquid automatic adding system, the four systems are related to each other, and the parameters are automatically adjusted by the parameter indexes set by the microcomputer to ensure the fertilizer, the liquid, The ratio of the amount of powder added is well controlled.
  • the liquid of the device is evenly sprayed in the wrapping drum and sprayed onto the surface of the surface of the bed formed by the fertilizer in the wrapping drum, so that the surface of the granular fertilizer is uniformly wrapped with a layer of liquid.
  • the liquid-encapsulated fertilizer is then powdered by a powder automatic adding system, and a uniform powder layer is formed on the fertilizer, and then a third-stage liquid automatic adding system is formed, and after thorough mixing, a strict barrier layer is formed on the surface of the granular fertilizer.
  • the granular fertilizer treated by the device of the utility model has the effect of moisture-proof and slow-release anti-knot coloring, and is simple and convenient to operate.
  • the fertilizer coating addition process sequence is liquid-powder-liquid, or it may be increased or decreased as needed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • the utility model comprises an automatic fertilizer feeding system, a discharging packaging system 5 , an automatic adding system and a coating roller 6
  • the automatic adding system comprises an automatic powder adding system and two sets of liquid automatic adding systems ( 2, 4) composition, characterized in that: the front end of the coating drum 6 is equipped with a fertilizer automatic feeding system 1, the rear end of the coating drum 6 is equipped with a discharge packaging system 5, and the coating drum 6 is equipped with a powder automatic Adding system, two sets of liquid automatic adding system (2, 4), wherein the first liquid automatic adding system 2 is installed at the front end of the coating drum 6, and the powder automatic adding system is installed in the first liquid automatic adding system 2, The second liquid automatic addition system 4 is installed after the powder automatic addition system.
  • the fertilizer is applied to the coating drum 6 through the automatic feeding system 1, and sequentially passes through the first set of liquid automatic adding system 2 of the first stage, the powder automatic adding system of the second stage, and the second set of liquid automatic adding system of the third stage. And the discharge packaging system 5 is packaged.
  • the liquid automatic adding system (2, 4) consists of a metering pump and two atomizing nozzles.
  • the atomizing nozzle is connected to the metering pump through the cloth pipe.
  • the liquid additive is evenly sprayed through the cloth tube and the nozzle under the pressure of the metering pump. To the surface of the fertilizer.
  • the automatic powder adding system is composed of a screw conveyor 3 and a lower feed port 7, and the powder is conveyed and metered by a screw conveyor, and evenly distributed on the fertilizer surface through the discharge port 7.
  • Fertilizer automatic feeding system 1, discharging packaging system 5 are existing structures, the fertilizer automatic feeding system of the utility model 1, the liquid automatic adding system 2, the powder automatic adding system and the liquid automatic adding system 4, four systems Correlated with each other, the parameters are automatically adjusted by the parameter indicators set by the microcomputer to ensure that the ratios of fertilizer, liquid and powder are controlled to be correlated, and the parameters are automatically adjusted by the parameter index set by the microcomputer.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置，包括肥料自动进料系统、出料包装系统、自动添加系统及包膜滚筒，自动添加系统由粉体自动添加系统、液体自动添加系统，包膜滚筒前端安装有肥料自动进料系统，包膜滚筒后端安装有出料包装系统，包膜滚筒内安装有粉体自动添加系统、液体自动添加系统，其中第一套液体自动添加系统安装在包膜滚筒的前端，粉体自动添加系统安装在第一套液体自动添加系统后，再安装第二套液体自动添加系统。根据不同肥料包膜情况自行调整液体自动添加系统+粉体自动添加系统。所有自动添加系统相互关联，参数通过微电脑设定的参数指数进行自动调节，以保证肥料、液体、粉体三者添加量比例控制好。

Description

一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置 技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置，属于肥料领域。
背景技术
中国是一个农业大国，各种肥料，尤其是化肥对我国粮食安全发挥不可磨灭的贡献。
粮食的需求带动中国化肥的爆发式增长，过去十年来，中国各类化肥企业多达6000多家，多为复合肥料企业，他们将颗粒尿素、磷铵，氯化钾或硫酸钾，进行破碎处理后再次用蒸汽转鼓造粒，或者是熔融后高塔造粒，与我们中国肥料模式截然不同的美国、加拿大、新西兰，则是以掺混肥为主，掺混肥就是将颗粒尿素，颗粒磷酸盐肥和颗粒钾肥物理混合而成，省去了复合肥的二次加工，因此掺混肥(也称BB肥)更加低碳和经济。
近十多年来，我国东北地区开始批量施用掺混肥，农户或者农场主自行购买各种单质肥料，常见氮肥如:颗粒尿素，常用的磷肥如：高浓度的颗粒磷酸二铵、颗粒磷酸一铵、以及富含磷和钙、镁、硫等中微量元素磷酸盐例如过磷酸钙盐，常用的钾肥就是颗粒氯化钾、硫酸钾。在这些肥料中，过磷酸盐是一种性价比高的磷肥，过磷酸盐的生产是用硫酸、磷酸或硝酸来分解磷矿粉，分解后的浆料经过熟化、造粒成颗粒过磷酸，磷矿石中的中量元素钙镁硅和铁、锰、锌等微量元素保留在过磷酸盐中，从营养均衡角度看过磷酸盐具有更好的效应；为保证分解往往有意控制无机酸过量，且由于反应效率问题，，肥料中含有少量的游离无机酸，而此类无机酸可以促进土壤中被固定的营养元素重新利用，因此使用颗粒磷酸盐的作物长势更加好，也深受农民认可。
但是由于颗粒过磷酸盐游离酸的存在，使得它不能与尿素接触，过磷酸盐中残留的无机酸会与尿素反应，形成磷酸脲、硫酸脲，而硫酸脲、磷酸脲吸湿点较低，在空气中容易吸潮，甚至出现液化、泥化等。使用颗粒过磷酸盐作为磷源与尿素、钾肥混合制备掺混肥时，所制得的肥料容易变湿、泥化、成团、结块，无法正常使用。
因为这一问题，在一定程度上限制了过磷酸盐在掺混肥上的应用，也制约了掺混肥 行业的发展。
因此，在这样的背景下，研究一种阻隔颗粒过磷酸盐与颗粒尿素接触的方法，解决磷酸盐与尿素的掺混问题，成为当务之急。
阻隔的同时，若能使重过磷酸钙具有缓释效果，并达到外观着色目的，更是新型肥料上的一种突破。
发明内容
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种防潮、缓释、防结、着色、防粉化的肥料包膜生产装置。该装置处理的颗粒肥料，与其它肥料混合之后的产品不吸潮，不泥化,不结块、不粉化，彻底解决肥料的掺混问题，促进了掺混肥行业的发展。
本实用新型是通过以下方式实现的：
一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置，包括肥料自动进料系统、出料包装系统、自动添加系统及包膜滚筒，自动添加系统由粉体自动添加系统、液体自动添加系统组成，其特征在于：包膜滚筒的前端安装有肥料自动进料系统，包膜滚筒的后端安装有出料包装系统，包膜滚筒内安装有粉体自动添加系统、液体自动添加系统，其中第一套液体自动添加系统安装在包膜滚筒的前端，第一套粉体自动添加系统安装在第一套液体自动添加系统后，再安装第二套液体自动添加系统，第二套粉体自动添加系统安装在第二套液体自动添加系统后，根据不同肥料包膜情况自行调整液体自动添加系统+粉体自动添加系统。
所述的液体自动添加系统由1台计量泵和1-10个雾化喷头，1-10个雾化喷头通过布料管与计量泵相连，液体助剂在计量泵加压下，通过布料管和雾化喷头均匀喷淋到肥料表面。
所述的雾化喷头与压缩空气连接，使液体助剂以雾状喷出，保持最好的雾化效果。
所述的布料管、雾化喷头的材质均为金属、陶瓷、塑料、复合材料中的任意一种。
所述的粉体自动添加系统由粉体输送机和下料口组成，下料口安装在粉体输送机上，粉体通过粉体输送机输送并计量，通过下料口均匀分布在肥料表面。
所述的粉体输送机为扑粉机、螺旋输送机或隔膜泵。
所述肥料包括过磷酸钙、重过磷酸钙、颗粒钾肥、复合肥、尿素、磷酸一铵、磷酸 二铵、氯化铵、颗粒硝酸铵、颗粒硝酸铵钙、钙镁磷肥等各种能做成颗粒形状的肥料或/和上述几种颗粒的混合物。
所述液体助剂为硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、盐酸、聚乙烯醇、淀粉、改性淀粉、麦芽糊精、树脂等一种或几种物质。
所述粉体为氧化镁、氧化钙、氧化锌、氧化铁、氧化铜、氧化锰、钙镁磷肥、硫磺或其混合物。
所述着色剂为色素、颜料、炭黑等，着色剂的添加方式为直接加入液体助剂中。
所述的肥料自动进料系统、液体自动添加系统、和粉体自动添加系统、液体自动添加系统，四个系统相互关联，参数通过微电脑设定的参数指标进行自动调节，以保证肥料、液体、粉体三者添加量比例控制好。利用本装置液体在包裹滚筒内均匀喷雾，并喷洒到包裹滚筒内肥料形成的料床表面表面，使颗粒肥料表面均匀包裹一层液体。包裹液体的肥料再通过粉体自动添加系统进行裹粉，肥料上形成均匀的粉层，再进行第三段液体自动添加系统，经过充分混合即在颗粒肥料表面形成一层严实的阻隔层。经过本实用新型装置处理的颗粒肥料具有防潮缓释防结着色效果，同时简单操作方便。
肥料包膜添加工艺顺序是液体-粉体-液体，也可以是在此基础上根据需要增加或减少。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。
图中：1－肥料自动进料系统，2－液体自动添加系统，3－粉体输送机，4－液体自动添加系统，5－出料包装系统，6－包膜滚筒，7－下料口。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图详述本实用新型。
如图1所示，本实用新型，包括肥料自动进料系统1、出料包装系统5、自动添加系统及包膜滚筒6，自动添加系统由粉体自动添加系统、两套液体自动添加系统(2，4)组成，其特征在于：包膜滚筒6的前端安装有肥料自动进料系统1，包膜滚筒6的后端安装有出料包装系统5，包膜滚筒6内安装有粉体自动添加系统、两套液体自动添加系统(2，4)，其中第一套液体自动添加系统2安装在包膜滚筒6的前端，粉体自动添加 系统安装在第一套液体自动添加系统2后，第二套液体自动添加系统4安装在粉体自动添加系统之后。肥料通过自动进料系统1进行包膜滚筒6，依次经过第一段的第一套液体自动添加系统2、第二段的粉体自动添加系统、第三段的第二套液体自动添加系统4及出料包装系统5进行包装。
液体自动添加系统(2，4)由1台计量泵和2个雾化喷头，雾化喷头通过布料管与计量泵相连，液体助剂在计量泵加压下，通过布料管和喷嘴均匀喷淋到肥料表面。
粉体自动添加系统由螺旋输送机3和下料口7组成，粉体通过螺旋输送机输送并计量，通过下料口7均匀分布在肥料表面。
肥料自动进料系统1、出料包装系统5均为现有结构，本实用新型的肥料自动进料系统1、液体自动添加系统2、粉体自动添加系统和液体自动添加系统4，四个系统相互关联，参数通过微电脑设定的参数指标进行自动调节，以保证肥料、液体、粉体三者添加量比例控制好相互关联，参数通过微电脑设定的参数指数进行自动调节。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置，包括肥料自动进料系统、出料包装系统、自动添加系统及包膜滚筒，自动添加系统由粉体自动添加系统、液体自动添加系统组成，其特征在于：包膜滚筒的前端安装有肥料自动进料系统，包膜滚筒的后端安装有出料包装系统，包膜滚筒内安装有粉体自动添加系统、液体自动添加系统，其中第一套液体自动添加系统安装在包膜滚筒的前端，第一套粉体自动添加系统安装在第一套液体自动添加系统后，再安装第二套液体自动添加系统，第二套粉体自动添加系统安装在第二套液体自动添加系统后，根据不同肥料包膜情况自行调整液体自动添加系统+粉体自动添加系统。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置，其特征在于：所述的液体自动添加系统由1台计量泵和1-10个雾化喷头，1-10个雾化喷头通过布料管与计量泵相连，液体助剂在计量泵加压下，通过布料管和雾化喷头均匀喷淋到肥料表面。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置，其特征在于：所述的雾化喷头与压缩空气连接，使液体助剂以雾状喷出。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置，其特征在于：所述的布料管、雾化喷头的材质均为金属、陶瓷、塑料、复合材料中的任意一种。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置，其特征在于：所述的粉体自动添加系统由粉体输送机和下料口组成，下料口安装在粉体输送机上，粉体通过粉体输送机输送并计量，通过下料口均匀分布在肥料表面。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置，其特征在于：所述的粉体输送机为扑粉机、螺旋输送机或隔膜泵。
PCT/CN2018/075539 2018-01-23 2018-02-07 一种具有防潮缓释防结着色防粉化效果的肥料包膜生产装置 WO2019144439A1 (zh)

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