WO2019140724A1 - 一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法 - Google Patents

一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法 Download PDF

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WO2019140724A1
WO2019140724A1 PCT/CN2018/075532 CN2018075532W WO2019140724A1 WO 2019140724 A1 WO2019140724 A1 WO 2019140724A1 CN 2018075532 W CN2018075532 W CN 2018075532W WO 2019140724 A1 WO2019140724 A1 WO 2019140724A1
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fertilizer
granular fertilizer
powder
granular
sulfate
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PCT/CN2018/075532
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English (en)
French (fr)
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孙金艳
王仁宗
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湖北富邦科技股份有限公司
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Priority to MA47624A priority Critical patent/MA47624B1/fr
Publication of WO2019140724A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019140724A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02—Superphosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/30—Anti-agglomerating additives; Anti-solidifying additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of coating film, in particular to a moisture-proof anti-caking powder-proof granular fertilizer coating method for adding medium and trace elements.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for coating a small amount of moisture-proof, anti-knot and anti-powder type granular fertilizer, and the granular fertilizer treated by the method provides the fertilizer with various trace elements required for the growth of various crops, and does not mix after mixing. Moisture absorption, no agglomeration, no powdering, completely solve the problem of blending of granular fertilizers, and promote the development of the blended fertilizer industry.
  • a method for adding a medium-sized moisture-proof anti-caking powder-proof granular fertilizer coating method which is characterized in that the blank granular fertilizer is placed in a front end of a coating drum, a disc or a mixer having a mixing function, Firstly, the active liquid which accounts for 5%-30% of the total mass of the granular fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the granular fertilizer. After the active liquid is evenly coated on the surface of the granular fertilizer, a layer of the granular fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the granular fertilizer by 30%-80.
  • the powder of % reacts the powder with the active liquid, and then sprays a layer of active liquid which accounts for 5%-50% of the total mass of the granular fertilizer on the surface of the granular fertilizer to make the active liquid and the powder of the surface of the granular fertilizer unreacted.
  • the granular fertilizer is one or a mixture of two or more kinds of fertilizers which can be made into granules such as potassium fertilizer, compound fertilizer, urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate and the like.
  • the active liquid is a mineral acid such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrogen phosphate or hydrogen sulfate having a mass content of 40%-85% and an acid salt thereof;
  • the active liquid is phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid having a mass content of 40% to 85%.
  • the active liquid is a hydrogen phosphate, hydrogencarbonate or hydrogen sulfate having a mass content of 40% to 85%.
  • the powder comprises a calcium-containing magnesium phosphate fertilizer, a potassium silicon calcium fertilizer, a hydroxide, a carbonate, a basic carbonate, a nitrate and/or a chloride salt;
  • sulfur-containing material natural gypsum, phosphogypsum, hemihydrate gypsum, anhydrite, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, zinc sulfate, and/or copper sulfate;
  • the powder is effective inorganic salts containing iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, silicon, and/or selenium; the powder is effective inorganic salts containing iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, silicon, and/or selenium; the powder is effective inorganic salts containing iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, silicon, and/or selenium; the powder is effective inorganic salts containing iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, silicon, and/or selenium; the powder is effective inorganic salts containing iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, silicon, and/or selenium; the powder is effective inorganic salts containing iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, silicon, and/or selenium; the powder is effective
  • the component content is 40%-100%.
  • the powder has a mesh number of 200-2000 mesh.
  • the granular fertilizer obtained by the method not only has the functions of moisture-proof, anti-knot and anti-micronization, but also provides various medium and trace elements for the fertilizer to promote crop growth.
  • 1 ton of blank granular superphosphate is placed at the front end of the coating drum.
  • phosphoric acid on the surface of the particulate superphosphate is sprayed with 20% of the total mass of the superphosphate calcium fertilizer, and the phosphoric acid is used in the particulate superphosphate fertilizer.
  • a layer of oxides containing 50% of the total mass of the particulate superphosphate fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the particulate superphosphate fertilizer to react the oxide with the phosphoric acid, and then sprayed on the surface of the particulate superphosphate fertilizer.
  • the layer accounts for 30% of the total mass of the particulate superphosphate fertilizer, and the coated film is loose and has no obvious dust, that is, the treated moisture-proof granular fertilizer is obtained.
  • the oxide is magnesium oxide having an active ingredient content of 80% by mass, and the powder has a mesh number of 800 mesh; and the phosphoric acid is phosphoric acid having a mass concentration of 60%.
  • the granular super-calcium phosphate fertilizer granules treated with the above-mentioned treatment are mixed with the granular urea by mass 1:1, and are left for 3 months without moisture absorption; the mass ratio of the super-calcium phosphate fertilizer to the granular urea without the above treatment is 1:1, and 1 is placed. Hours, the surface of the particulate superphosphate fertilizer mixture began to react to moisture absorption, and the particulate superphosphate fertilizer eventually agglomerated into agglomerates.
  • 1 ton of blank granular monoammonium phosphate fertilizer is placed in the coated disc, firstly, the surface of the granular monoammonium phosphate fertilizer is sprayed with 30% of the total mass of the granular monoammonium phosphate fertilizer, and the sulfuric acid is uniformly coated on the surface of the granular fertilizer. Then, a layer of oxides containing 60% of the total mass of the granular monoammonium phosphate fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the granular monoammonium phosphate fertilizer to react the oxide with sulfuric acid, and then a layer of granular phosphoric acid is sprayed on the surface of the granular monoammonium phosphate fertilizer.
  • the total mass of monoammonium fertilizer is 30% sulfuric acid, and the coated film to loose particles and no obvious dust, that is, the treated moisture-proof granular fertilizer is obtained.
  • the oxide is calcium oxide having an active ingredient content of 85% by mass, and the powder has a mesh number of 600 mesh; and the sulfuric acid is sulfuric acid having a mass concentration of 65%.
  • the granular monoammonium phosphate fertilizer and the granular urea which have been treated as described above are blended at a mass of 1:1.5 and left for 2 months without moisture absorption; the mass ratio of the monoammonium phosphate fertilizer to the granular urea which has not been subjected to the above treatment is 1:1.5, and is placed for 1.5 hours.
  • the surface of the granular monoammonium phosphate fertilizer mixture begins to react and absorb moisture, and the granular monoammonium phosphate fertilizer finally agglomerates into agglomerates.
  • 1 ton of blank granular ammonium nitrate fertilizer is placed at the front end of the coating drum.
  • 5% of the total amount of granular fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the granular ammonium nitrate fertilizer, and the sulfuric acid is applied to the surface of the granular ammonium nitrate fertilizer.
  • a layer of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer which accounts for 80% of the total mass of the granular calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the granular calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer, so that the oxide in the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer reacts with the sulfuric acid, and then in the granular calcium ammonium nitrate.
  • the surface of the fertilizer is sprayed with a layer of sulfuric acid which accounts for 50% of the total mass of the granular ammonium nitrate fertilizer.
  • the coating is loose to the particles and there is no obvious dust, that is, the treated moisture-proof granular fertilizer is obtained.
  • the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer has an active ingredient content of 78% by mass of the oxide and 1000 mesh of the powder; the sulfuric acid is sulfuric acid having a mass concentration of 58%.
  • the granular calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer treated with the above treatment is mixed with the granular urea by mass 2:1, and is left for 4 months without moisture absorption; the mass ratio of the granular ammonium nitrate calcium fertilizer to the granular urea without the above treatment is 2:1, and is placed for 0.5 hour.
  • the surface of the granular ammonium nitrate calcium fertilizer mixture begins to react and absorb moisture, and the granular fertilizer finally agglomerates into a mass.
  • 1 ton of blank granule potassium fertilizer is placed at the front end of the coating drum.
  • the phosphoric acid which accounts for 25% of the total amount of granulated potassium fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the granulated potassium fertilizer.
  • the surface of the granular fertilizer is sprayed.
  • One layer of oxides which accounts for 30% of the total amount of granulated potassium fertilizer, reacts the oxide with phosphoric acid, and then sprays a layer of phosphoric acid on the surface of the granulated potassium fertilizer, which accounts for 5% of the total amount of granulated potassium fertilizer.
  • the coating is loose to the particles and is not obvious. Dust, that is, a treated moisture-proof granular fertilizer is obtained.
  • the oxide the powder has a mesh number of 800 mesh, the active component has a mass content of 80% of magnesium oxide, 50%, the powder has a mesh size of 600 mesh, and the active component has a mass content of 85% of calcium oxide 20%; It is 1000 mesh, and the effective oxide component is 30% of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer having a mass content of 75%, and the phosphoric acid is a phosphoric acid having a mass concentration of 70%.
  • the granular potassium fertilizer treated with the above treatment is mixed with the granular urea by mass 1:2, and it is left for 5 months without moisture absorption; the mass ratio of the granular potassium fertilizer to the granular urea without the above treatment is 1:2, and it is placed for 1.5 hours, and the surface of the granular potassium fertilizer mixture starts.
  • the reaction absorbs moisture, and the granular potassium fertilizer eventually agglomerates into a mass.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法,按以下步骤进行:将空白颗粒肥料置于包膜滚筒前端、圆盘里或具有混合功能的混合器中，首先在颗粒肥料表面喷涂一层活性液体，待活性液体在颗粒肥料表面包裹均匀后再在颗粒肥料表面喷涂一层粉体，使粉体与活性液体发生反应，在颗粒肥料表面生成一层不溶于水或微溶于水的阻隔膜，随后在颗粒肥料表面再喷涂一层活性液体，使活性液体与颗粒肥料表面的粉体再次反应，然后再次在肥料表面喷涂粉体进行反应，如此往复，根据不同肥料包膜情况自行调整添加活性液体+粉体的包膜次数，使阻隔层更加坚实，包膜效果更好。经本方法处理的颗粒肥料具有防潮防结防粉化和提供促进植物生长中微量元素。

Description

一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法 技术领域
本发明涉及包膜技术领域，尤其是一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法。
背景技术
中国作为一个农业大国，在颗粒肥料应用方面存在诸多需求。随着土地生产应用方式的转变，大规模的机械生产逐步替代人工劳作，测土配肥的智能生产也逐渐步入市场，对土壤因地施肥的观念逐渐被更多人认同。灵活多变的掺混肥相较于千篇一律的大配方型复合肥能更好的做到精准施肥，能更好的满足不同作物对不同营养的需求，因此，近年来掺混肥市场得到蓬勃发展。
但由于不同肥料自身成分在掺混过程中易发生反应等因素，导致肥料掺混后颗粒之间出现吸潮、结块、粉化等问题，严重制约了掺混肥的发展与应用。
因此，为解决限制掺混肥应用的这一问题，研究一种颗粒肥料包膜技术，用以解决肥料的防潮防结防粉化问题势在必行。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法，经过该方法处理的颗粒肥料，为肥料提供各种作物生长所需的种微量元素，同时混合之后不吸潮，不结块，不粉化,彻底解决颗粒肥料的掺混问题，促进了掺混肥行业的发展。
一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法,其特征在于按以下步骤进行:将空白颗粒肥料置于包膜滚筒前端、圆盘里或具有混合功能的混合器中，首先在颗粒肥料表面喷涂占颗粒肥料质量总量5％-30％的活性液体，待活性液体在颗粒肥料表面包裹均匀后，再在颗粒肥料表面喷涂一层占颗粒肥料质量总量30％-80％的粉体，使粉体与活性液体发生反应，随后在颗粒肥料表面再喷涂一层占颗粒肥料质量总量5％-50％的活性液体，使活性液体与颗粒肥料表面未反应的粉体再次反应，然后再次在肥料表面喷涂 粉体进行反应，如此往复，根据不同肥料包膜情况自行调整添加活性液体+粉体的包膜次数，使阻隔层更加坚实，包膜效果更好。
所述颗粒肥料为钾肥、复合肥、尿素、磷酸一铵、磷酸二铵、硝酸铵、硝酸铵钙等一切能做成颗粒状的肥料中一种或二种以上的混合物。
所述活性液体为质量含量40％-85％的磷酸、硫酸、磷酸氢盐、硫酸氢盐等无机酸及其酸式盐类；
所述活性液体为质量含量40％-85％的磷酸或硫酸。
所述活性液体为质量含量40％-85％的磷酸氢盐、碳酸氢盐或硫酸氢盐。
所述粉体为包括含钙镁磷肥、钾硅钙肥、氢氧化物、碳酸盐、碱式碳酸盐、硝酸盐和/或氯化盐；
或，包括含氧化钙、氧化镁、硫酸钙和/或硫酸镁；
或，包括含硫的物质天然石膏、磷石膏、半水石膏、无水石膏、硫酸镁、硫酸钾、硫酸钾镁、硫酸铵、硫酸锌和/或硫酸铜；
或，包括含铁、锰、硼、锌、铜、钼、硅和/或者硒的氧化物；
或，包括含铁、锰、硼、锌、铜、钼、硅和/或者硒的无机盐；所述粉体有效
成分质量含量40％-100％。
所述的粉体目数为200-2000目。
利用该方法得到的颗粒肥料，不仅具备防潮防结防粉化功效，同时为肥料提供各种中微量元素，促进作物生长。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但不限定本发明，以下实施例各物质按重量份计。
实施案例1
在包裹滚筒前端，将1吨空白颗粒过磷酸钙置于包膜滚筒前端，首先在颗粒过磷酸钙表面喷涂占颗粒过磷酸钙肥料质量总量20％的磷酸，待磷酸在颗粒过磷酸钙肥料表面包裹均匀后，再在颗粒过磷酸钙肥料表面喷涂一层占颗粒过磷酸钙肥料质量总量50％的氧化物，使氧化物与磷酸发生反应，随后在颗粒过磷酸钙肥料表面再喷涂一层占颗粒过 磷酸钙肥料质量总量30％的磷酸，包膜至颗粒松散且无明显粉尘，即得到处理好的防潮型颗粒肥料。所述的氧化物为有效成分质量含量80％的氧化镁，粉体目数为800目；所述磷酸为质量浓度为60％的磷酸。
经上述处理的颗粒过磷酸钙肥料颗粒与颗粒尿素按质量1:1掺混，放置3个月没有吸潮；没有经过上述处理的颗粒过磷酸钙肥料与颗粒尿素质量比1:1，放置1小时，颗粒过磷酸钙肥料混合物表面开始反应吸潮，颗粒过磷酸钙肥料最终结块成团。
实施案例2
在包膜圆盘中将1吨空白颗粒磷酸一铵肥料置于其中，首先在颗粒磷酸一铵肥料表面喷涂占颗粒磷酸一铵肥料质量总量30％的硫酸，待硫酸在颗粒肥料表面包裹均匀后再在颗粒磷酸一铵肥料表面喷涂一层占颗粒磷酸一铵肥料质量总量60％的氧化物，使氧化物与硫酸发生反应，随后在颗粒磷酸一铵肥料表面再喷涂一层占颗粒磷酸一铵肥料质量总量30％的硫酸，包膜至颗粒松散且无明显粉尘，即得到处理好的防潮型颗粒肥料。所述的氧化物为有效成分质量含量85％的氧化钙，粉体目数为600目；所述硫酸为质量浓度为65％的硫酸。
经上述处理的颗粒磷酸一铵肥料与颗粒尿素按质量1:1.5掺混，放置2个月没有吸潮；没有经过上述处理的颗粒磷酸一铵肥料与颗粒尿素质量比1:1.5，放置1.5小时，颗粒磷酸一铵肥料混合物表面开始反应吸潮，颗粒磷酸一铵肥料最终结块成团。
实施案例3
在包裹滚筒前端，将1吨空白颗粒硝酸铵钙肥料置于包膜滚筒前端，首先在颗粒硝酸铵钙肥料表面喷涂占颗粒肥料质量总量5％的硫酸，待硫酸在颗粒硝酸铵钙肥料表面包裹均匀后，再在颗粒硝酸铵钙肥料表面喷涂一层占颗粒硝酸铵钙肥料质量总量80％的钙镁磷肥，使钙镁磷肥中的氧化物与硫酸发生反应，随后在颗粒硝酸铵钙肥料表面再喷涂一层占颗粒硝酸铵钙肥料质量总量50％的硫酸，包膜至颗粒松散且无明显粉尘，即得到处理好的防潮型颗粒肥料。所述的钙镁磷肥中氧化物的有效成分质量含量78％，粉体目数为1000目；所述硫酸为质量浓度为58％的硫酸。
经上述处理的颗粒硝酸铵钙肥料与颗粒尿素按质量2:1掺混，放置4个月没有吸潮；没有经过上述处理的颗粒硝酸铵钙肥料与颗粒尿素质量比2:1，放置0.5小时，颗粒硝酸铵钙肥料混合物表面开始反应吸潮，颗粒肥料最终结块成团。
实施案例4
在包裹滚筒前端，将1吨空白颗粒钾肥置于包膜滚筒前端，首先在颗粒钾肥表面喷涂占颗粒钾肥质量总量25％的磷酸，待磷酸在颗粒钾肥表面包裹均匀后再在颗粒肥料表面喷涂一层占颗粒钾肥质量总量30％的氧化物，使氧化物与磷酸发生反应，随后在颗粒钾肥表面再喷涂一层占颗粒钾肥质量总量5％的磷酸，包膜至颗粒松散且无明显粉尘，即得到处理好的防潮型颗粒肥料。所述的氧化物：粉体目数为800目，有效成分质量含量80％的氧化镁50％，粉体目数为600目，有效成分质量含量85％的氧化钙20％；粉体目数为1000目，有效氧化物成分的质量含量75％的钙镁磷肥30％，所述磷酸为质量浓度为70％的磷酸。
经上述处理的颗粒钾肥与颗粒尿素按质量1:2掺混，放置5个月没有吸潮；没有经过上述处理的颗粒钾肥与颗粒尿素质量比1:2，放置1.5小时，颗粒钾肥混合物表面开始反应吸潮，颗粒钾肥最终结块成团。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法,其特征在于按以下步骤进行:将空白颗粒肥料置于包膜滚筒前端、圆盘里或具有混合功能的混合器中，首先在颗粒肥料表面喷涂占颗粒肥料质量总量5％-30％的活性液体，待活性液体在颗粒肥料表面包裹均匀后，再在颗粒肥料表面喷涂一层占颗粒肥料质量总量30％-80％的粉体，使粉体与活性液体发生反应，随后在颗粒肥料表面再喷涂一层占颗粒肥料质量总量5％-50％的活性液体，使活性液体与颗粒肥料表面未反应的粉体再次反应，然后再次在肥料表面喷涂粉体进行反应，如此往复，根据不同肥料包膜情况自行调整添加活性液体+粉体的包膜次数，使阻隔层更加坚实，包膜效果更好。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法，其特征在于：所述颗粒肥料为钾肥、复合肥、尿素、磷酸一铵、磷酸二铵、硝酸铵、硝酸铵钙中一种或二种以上的混合物。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法，其特征在于：所述活性液体为质量含量40％-85％的磷酸或硫酸。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法，其特征在于：所述活性液体为质量含量40％-85％的磷酸氢盐、碳酸氢盐或硫酸氢盐。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法，其特征在于：所述粉体为包括含钙镁磷肥、钾硅钙肥、氢氧化物、碳酸盐、碱式碳酸盐、硝酸盐和/或氯化盐；
    或，包括含氧化钙、氧化镁、硫酸钙或硫酸镁；
    或，包括含硫的物质天然石膏、磷石膏、半水石膏、无水石膏、硫酸镁、硫酸钾、硫酸钾镁、硫酸铵、硫酸锌和/或者硫酸铜；
    或，包括含铁、锰、硼、锌、铜、钼、硅和/或者硒的氧化物；
    或，包括含铁、锰、硼、锌、铜、钼、硅和/或者硒的无机盐。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法，其特征在于：所述粉体有效成分质量含量40％-100％。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种添加中微量的防潮防结防粉化型颗粒肥料包膜方法，其 特征在于：所述的粉体目数为200-2000目。
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