WO2019138233A1 - Composants structuraux - Google Patents

Composants structuraux Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019138233A1
WO2019138233A1 PCT/GB2019/050064 GB2019050064W WO2019138233A1 WO 2019138233 A1 WO2019138233 A1 WO 2019138233A1 GB 2019050064 W GB2019050064 W GB 2019050064W WO 2019138233 A1 WO2019138233 A1 WO 2019138233A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
panels
elements
structural
subset
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2019/050064
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stewart GALLOCHER
Simon BINGHAM
Original Assignee
Modular Walling Systems Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Modular Walling Systems Ltd filed Critical Modular Walling Systems Ltd
Publication of WO2019138233A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019138233A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/32—Columns; Pillars; Struts of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/36—Columns; Pillars; Struts of materials not covered by groups E04C3/32 or E04C3/34; of a combination of two or more materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/043—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the hollow cross-section comprising at least one enclosed cavity
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0465—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section square- or rectangular-shaped

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of civil engineering and construction, and more specifically relates to improved structural components for use in the construction of tall buildings and structures.
  • megacolumns are larger than standard columns and may be 2m wide by 2m deep, for example.
  • These megacolumns are typically formed from hot-rolled steel sections which are encased within a concrete matrix, as it is impractical and uneconomical to form individual steel sections having those 2m x 2m dimensions.
  • the steel sections used in known megacolumns are therefore smaller than that and the overall dimensions of the column are established by the concrete within which the steel is encased.
  • a structural component comprising:
  • a plurality of structural elements which are attached to one another such that they define a perimeter wall of the component and divide the volume within the perimeter wall into a plurality of chambers.
  • Each structural element may comprise at least first and second panels which lie at an angle relative to one another; wherein the structural elements may be attached to one another such that the first panels of a first subset of the elements define a portion of the perimeter wall of the component, and the second panels of the first subset of elements extend inwardly from the respective first panels, whereby the second panels of the first subset of elements divide the volume into the plurality of chambers.
  • At least one of the second panels of at least one of the first subset of elements may have a plurality of recesses cut into a longitudinal edge of the at least one second panel, and wherein when the structural elements are attached to one another the recesses form apertures which connect adjacent chambers of the component.
  • the recesses may be substantially semi-circular.
  • the first and second panels of each element may be substantially perpendicular to each other.
  • the second panels of the first subset of elements may be attached to one another at, or adjacent to, a centre axis of the component, thereby dividing the interior of the component into four substantially square chambers.
  • At least one of the first and second panels of at least one structural element may be longer than the panels of the other structural elements, such that the at least one panel projects longitudinally from at least one end of the component, wherein the projecting portion(s) of the at least one panel forms a connecting flange for axially connecting the component to an adjacent component.
  • the second panels of each of the first subset of structural elements may be longer than the first panels of the first subset of elements, wherein each second panel of the first subset projects longitudinally from at least one end of the component, wherein the projecting portions of those second panels form the connecting flanges.
  • the connecting flange may be laterally offset from the remainder of the at least one panel.
  • the connecting flange may include one of a male and female connector for connecting to the other of the male and female connector of the adjacent component.
  • the structural component may further comprise a second subset of structural elements which define an inner core chamber of the component, wherein the second panels of the first subset of elements are attached to the second subset of elements such that a plurality of outer chambers are formed around the inner core chamber.
  • Each of the second subset of elements may be longer than the other elements in the component such that the panels of the second subset of elements project longitudinally from at least one end of the component, wherein the projecting portions of those panels form connecting flanges for axially connecting the component to an adjacent component.
  • Each connecting flange may be laterally offset from its respective panel.
  • the connecting flange may include one of a male and female connector for connecting to the other of the male and female connector of the adjacent component.
  • the structural component may comprise:
  • each outer structural element comprises first and second outer panels which lie at an angle relative to one another, and the outer structural elements define the perimeter wall of the component;
  • each inner structural element comprises first and second inner panels which lie at an angle relative to one another, and the inner structural elements define an inner core chamber of the component;
  • a plurality of divider panels extending from the inner core chamber to the perimeter wall such that a plurality of outer chambers are formed around the inner core chamber.
  • Each divider panel may have a width which is greater than the distance between the inner core chamber and the perimeter wall, such that an outer edge of each divider panel projects outwardly beyond the perimeter wall between two adjacent outer structural elements.
  • each outer structural element and the inner panels of each inner structural element may be substantially perpendicular to one another, wherein a pair of inner structural elements forms the inner core chamber, and wherein the pair of inner structural elements are offset from one another in a lateral direction such that a free edge of each inner structural element projects outwards into one of the outer chambers.
  • One or more of the inner panels and divider panels may include one or more apertures which connect adjacent chambers of the component.
  • the structural component may further comprising a plurality of tie bars, each tie bar extending across an outer chamber and having a first end removably attached to an inner panel and a second end removably attached to an outer panel.
  • Each inner structural element may be longer than the other elements in the component such that the inner panels of the inner structural elements project longitudinally from at least one end of the component, wherein the projecting portions of those inner panels form connecting flanges for axially connecting the component to an adjacent component.
  • Each connecting flange may be laterally offset from its respective inner panel.
  • the connecting flange may include one of a male and female connector for connecting to the other of the male and female connector of the adjacent component.
  • Each structural element may be formed from a single piece of steel plate having a thickness of 4-25mm.
  • the attachment of panels and/or structural elements may be achieved by welding.
  • the cutting step may comprise cutting the one or more workpieces such that each blank comprises at least first and second panels defined by at least one longitudinal fold line; the forming step may comprise folding the panels relative to one another about the at least one fold line such that the panels lie at an angle relative to one another; and the attaching step may comprise attaching the structural elements to one another such that the first panels of a first subset of the elements define the perimeter wall of the component, and the second panels of the first subset of elements extend inwardly from the respective first panels such that the second panels of the first subset of elements divide the volume into the plurality of chambers.
  • the cutting step may further comprise cutting a plurality of recesses into a longitudinal edge of at least one of the second panels of the first subset of elements, such that when the elements are attached to one another the recesses form apertures which connect adjacent chambers of the component.
  • the recesses may be cut so as to be substantially semi-circular.
  • the folding step may comprise folding the first and second panels of each element such that they are substantially perpendicular to each other.
  • the attaching step may comprise attaching the second panels of the first subset of elements to one another at, or adjacent to, a centre axis of the component, thereby dividing the interior of the component into four substantially square chambers.
  • the cutting step may comprise cutting the workpieces so that at least one of the first and second panels of at least one structural element is longer than the panels of the other structural elements, such that the at least one panel projects longitudinally from at least one end of the component, wherein the projecting portion(s) of the at least one panel forms a connecting flange for axially connecting the component to an adjacent component.
  • the cutting step may comprise cutting the workpieces so that the second panels of each of the first subset of structural elements are longer than the first panels of the first subset of elements, wherein each second panel of the first subset projects longitudinally from at least one end of the component, and wherein the projecting portions of those second panels form the connecting flanges.
  • the method may further comprise:
  • the cutting step may comprise cutting each of the second subset of elements such that they are longer than the other elements in the component, whereby the panels of the second subset of elements project longitudinally from at least one end of the component, and wherein the projecting portions of those panels form connecting flanges for axially connecting the component to an adjacent component.
  • the cutting step may comprise cutting one or more workpieces such that each blank comprises first and second panels defined by a longitudinal fold line;
  • the forming step may comprise folding the panels relative to one another about the fold line such that the panels lie at an angle relative to one another; and the attaching step may comprise attaching a plurality of outer structural elements to one another to define the perimeter wall of the component, and attaching a plurality of inner structural elements to one another to define an inner core chamber of the component; and the method further comprises the step of attaching a plurality of divider panels between the inner and outer structural elements such that each divider panel extends from the inner core chamber to the perimeter wall and whereby a plurality of outer chambers are formed around the inner core chamber.
  • Each divider panel may have a width which is greater than the distance between the inner core chamber and the perimeter wall, such that an outer edge of each divider panel projects outwardly beyond the perimeter wall between two adjacent outer structural elements.
  • each outer structural element and the inner panels of each inner structural element may be folded so as to be substantially perpendicular to one another, wherein a pair of inner structural elements forms the inner core chamber, and wherein the pair of inner structural elements are offset from one another in a lateral direction such that a free edge of each inner structural element projects outwards into one of the outer chambers.
  • the cutting step may further comprise cutting one or more apertures in one or more of the inner panels and divider panels such that when the elements are attached to one another the apertures connect adjacent chambers of the component.
  • the method may further comprise the step of removably attaching a plurality of tie bars across the outer chambers, each tie bar having a first end removably attached to an inner panel and a second end removably attached to an outer panel.
  • the cutting step may comprise cutting the workpieces such that each inner structural element is longer than the other elements in the component, whereby the inner panels of the inner structural elements project longitudinally from at least one end of the component, and wherein the projecting portions of those inner panels form connecting flanges for axially connecting the component to an adjacent component.
  • the workpieces may be sheets of steel plate having a thickness of 4-25mm.
  • the attachment steps may comprise welding the respective panels and/or structural elements.
  • the method may further comprise the steps of:
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of a first embodiment of a structural column prior to completion
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a first structural element used in the first embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a second structural element used in the first embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a section view of the column shown in figure 1 ;
  • Figure 5 is a section view through the column of figure 1 when completed;
  • Figure 6 is an exploded view of a second embodiment of a structural column prior to completion;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a first structural element used in the second embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of a second structural element used in the second embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of a third structural element used in the second embodiment.
  • Figure 10 is a section view of the column shown in figure 6;
  • Figure 11 is a section view through the column of figure 6 when completed;
  • Figure 12 is a section view through a third embodiment of a structural column when completed;
  • Figure 13 is a section view through a core wall arrangement for a building or similar structure
  • Figure 14 is a side view of a tie bar arrangement used in the forming of the core wall shown in Figure 13;
  • Figure 15 is a vertical section through the tie bar arrangement along the line XIV-XIV shown in Figure 14.
  • the present invention is an improved structural component for use in the construction of buildings and similar structures.
  • the components may be structural braces, columns, core walls or the like. However, for the purposes of the illustrated preferred embodiments the components are structural columns and core walls.
  • Figures 1-3 show the parts which make up a first embodiment of a structural column formed from steel sections, which may be at least partially filled with concrete to form a composite structural column.
  • the column comprises elongate structural elements which are divided into subsets made up of first and second structural elements 10,30, which are shown in figures 2 and 3, respectively.
  • Each element 10,30 is formed from a flat steel plate, which may have a preferred thickness of 4-25mm. Most preferably, the plates are 8-15mm thick.
  • the elements may be formed from aluminium plates instead of steel if the application requires it.
  • the steel plate workpiece is initially cut into a blank comprising integrally formed first and second planar panels 12,14.
  • both panels 12,14 are co-planar, with the second panel 14 being longer than the first panel 12 such that both ends 15,17 of the second panel 14 project beyond the ends 11 ,13 of the first panel 12.
  • the ends 15,17 of the second panel 14 thus form connecting flanges whose purpose will be described in more detail below.
  • the second panel 14 is preferably wider as well.
  • the second panel 14 may also be cut such that a plurality of semi-circular recesses 20 are formed along a free longitudinal edge 19 of the second panel 14.
  • a longitudinal fold line 16 is provided on the first panel 12 in a known manner, and divides the first panel into first and second sections 12A.12B.
  • first element 10 Once the first element 10 has been cut into the desired shape it is placed in a press brake or similar machine and the first section 12A of the first panel 12 is bent or folded about the fold line 16 relative to the second section 12B until the two sections 12A.12B are substantially perpendicular to one another, with the second section 12B still co-planar with the second panel 14 as shown in the figures.
  • the steel plate workpiece is initially cut into a blank comprising first and second planar panels 32,34 divided by a fold line 36 which extends longitudinally along the length of the plate.
  • the fold line 36 is positioned such that the first panel 32 is preferably 2-3 times wider than the second panel 34. Initially both panels 32,34 are co-planar.
  • the second element 30 has been cut into the desired shape it too is placed in a press brake or the like and the second panel 34 is bent or folded about the fold line 36 relative to the first panel 32 until the two panels 32,34 are substantially perpendicular to one another, as shown in the figures.
  • first and second elements 10,30 form the columns can be seen from figures 1 , 4 and 5.
  • the columns are substantially square in section and may be 1-3m thick. That is to say that the dimensions A and B shown in figure 5 are substantially the same and may each be 1-3m.
  • the first panel 12 of each first element 10 is substantially the same length as both the first and second panels 32,34 of each second element 30.
  • the panels 12,32,34 are preferably between 6m and 12m in length, meaning that the length of each column section formed from these elements 10,30 will also be that length.
  • each column section comprises four first elements 10 and four second elements 30.
  • the four second elements 30 form the corners of the column, with the four first elements 10 located between adjacent pairs of second elements 30. Consequently, each external face of the perimeter wall of the column is made up of a first panel 32 of one second element 30, a first section 12A of a first panel 12 of a first element 10, and the second panel 34 of a further second element 30.
  • These panels are all co-planar such that when assembled together they present a single, flat external face of the column.
  • each first panel 12 With the first sections 12A of each first panel 12 forming part of the external faces of the column the second panels 14 each extend inwardly towards the centre of the column at substantially right angles to the first sections 12A.
  • the free longitudinal edges 19 of each first element 10 meet at the centre point of the column.
  • the connecting flanges 15,17 of each first element 10 project upwards and downwards beyond the extent of the first sections 12A and the second elements 30.
  • the connecting flanges 15,17 allow another section of column to be connected to the section shown in figures 1 ,4 and 5, by way of corresponding connecting flanges projecting from that other section.
  • the connecting flanges 15,17 can be co-planar with the associated second panel 14 as shown in the figures, or they may be formed in a plane slightly offset to the plane of the second panel 14.
  • the recesses 20 in the second panel 14 of each first element 10 allow the concrete in-fill to flow between four elongate chambers C-F created by the assembled elements 10,30.
  • the recesses 20 are optional and none of the second panels 14 may have recesses, or else one or more of the second panels 14 may have the recesses.
  • the column sections can be formed at a remote location before being delivered and installed on-site. Referring to figure 5, the sections are formed by first creating a fillet weld 40 along the free edges 19 of the adjoining second panels 14 of each first element 10. This attaches the second panels 14 to each other substantially at right angles so as to form a“cross” section as seen in figures 4 and 5 in particular. Once the second panels 14 are welded together, the two external joints on each external face of the column are butt welded to form a continuous external face.
  • a first weld 50 is formed so as to join the second panel 34 and first section 12A to one another, and then a second weld 60 is formed so as to join that same first section 12A with the first panel 32 of the adjacent second element 30.
  • a fully formed, integral column section has been created with continuous external faces and four separate internal chambers C-F.
  • Figures 6-9 show the components which make up a second embodiment of a structural column formed from steel sections and concrete.
  • the column comprises elongate structural elements which are divided into subsets comprising first, second and third structural elements 101 ,110,130 which are shown in figures 7, 8 and 9, respectively.
  • Each element 101 ,110,130 is formed from a flat steel plate having a preferred thickness of 4-25mm. Most preferably, the plates are 8-15mm thick.
  • the steel plate workpiece is initially cut into a rectangular blank comprising integrally formed first and second planar panels 102,104 separated from one another by a fold line 106 which extends along the length of the first element 101.
  • the panels 102,104 are substantially identically sized. Initially both panels 102,104 are co-planar. Each panel 102,104 may also be cut such that a plurality of semi-circular recesses 107 are formed along a free longitudinal edge 103,105 of the first and second panels 102,104, respectively.
  • first element 101 is placed in a press brake or similar machine and the first panel 102 is bent or folded about the fold line 106 relative to the second panel 104 (or vice versa) until the two panels 102,104 are substantially perpendicular to one another.
  • the second structural element 110 is shown in figure 8.
  • a steel plate workpiece is initially cut into a rectangular blank comprising integrally formed first and second planar panels 112,114 separated from one another by a fold line 116 which extends along the length of the second element 110.
  • the panels 112,114 are substantially identically sized. Initially both panels 112,114 are co-planar.
  • the second panel 114 may also be cut such that a plurality of semi-circular recesses 120 are formed along a free longitudinal edge 119 of the second panel 114.
  • the second element 110 is placed in a press brake or similar machine and the first panel 112 is bent or folded about the fold line 116 relative to the second panel 114 (or vice versa) until the two panels 112,114 are substantially perpendicular to one another.
  • the steel plate workpiece is initially cut into a rectangular blank comprising first and second planar panels 132,134 divided by a fold line 136 which extends longitudinally along the length of the element 130.
  • the fold line 136 is positioned such that the first panel 132 is preferably 2-3 times wider than the second panel 134. Initially both panels 132,134 are co-planar.
  • the third element 130 has been cut into the desired shape it too is placed in a press brake or the like and the second panel 134 is bent or folded about the fold line 136 relative to the first panel 132 until the two panels 132,134 are substantially perpendicular to one another, as shown in the figures.
  • the manner in which the structural elements 101 ,110,130 form the columns can be seen from figures 6, 10 and 11.
  • the columns are substantially square in section and may be 1-3m thick. That is to say that the dimensions A’ and B’ shown in figure 11 are substantially the same and each may be 1-3m.
  • the second and third elements 110,130 are substantially the same length, which is preferably between 6m and 12m.
  • the first element is longer than the other two elements, which means that the first elements will project above and below the other elements when the column is fully formed.
  • each column section comprises four of each of the first, second and third elements 101 ,110,130.
  • the four third elements 130 form the corners of the column, with the four second elements 110 located between adjacent pairs of second elements 130. Consequently, each external face of the column is made up of a first panel 132 of one second element 130, a first panel 112 of a second element 110, and the second panel 134 of a further third element 130.
  • These panels are all co-planar such that when assembled together they present a single, flat external face of the column.
  • the second elements 110 with the first panel 112 forming part of the external faces of the column the second panels 114 each extend inwardly towards the centre of the column at substantially right angles to the first panels 112.
  • the first elements 101 are positioned inside of the second and third elements 110,130 such that they form a column core which is substantially square in section. Thus, each first element 101 forms a corner of the substantially square section core.
  • the free longitudinal edges 119 of each second element 110 meet two abutting first elements 101. In other words, the longitudinal edges 119 of the second elements abut the respective first and second panels 102,104 of adjacent first elements 101.
  • first elements 101 are longer than the other elements 110,130 in the column the inner core made up of these first elements 101 extends beyond the upper and lower extremities of the remainder of the column formed from the second and third elements 110,130.
  • the extended first elements 101 allow another section of column to be connected to the section shown in figures 6, 10 and 11 , by way of corresponding panels 102,104 of first elements 101 projecting from that other column section.
  • the recesses 107,120 in the panels 102,104,114 of the first and second elements 101 ,110 allow concrete in-fill to flow between four distinct outer chambers C’-F’ as well as a central core chamber G created by the assembled elements 101 ,110,130.
  • the recesses are optional and none of the panels on the elements may have recesses, or else one or more of the first and second panels 102,104 of the first element 101 and the second panel 114 of the second element 110 may have the recesses.
  • the column sections can be formed at a remote location before being delivered and installed on-site. Referring to figure 11 , the sections are formed by first forming a butt weld 135 at the three-way joints between the edges 119 of the second elements 110 and the respective pair of adjoining first elements 101. A pair of fillet welds 140 are then formed on either side of each of these T-shaped joints. This attaches the second panels 114 at substantially right angles to the walls of the inner core formed by the first elements 101 , as seen in figures 10 and 11 in particular. Once the second panels 114 are welded to the first elements 101 , the two external joints on each external face of the column are butt welded to form a continuous external face.
  • a first weld 150 is formed so as to join the second panel 134 of a third element 130 to the first panel 112 of a second element 110.
  • a second weld 160 is formed so as to join that same first panel 112 of the second element 110 to the first panel 132 of the adjacent second element 130.
  • the formed column sections arrive on site, they are lifted onto the top of an already installed column section such that the central core elements 101 of the installed section lie flush against those projecting downwards from the newly arrived section.
  • the axially-arranged column sections can then be attached together by additional welding about the circumference of the joint between the two sections, or else appropriate mechanical fixing means (e.g. bolts) can be used.
  • concrete is poured into the top of the uppermost column section.
  • the concrete will be poured into each chamber C’-G’ individually or, if the recesses 20 are present in the first and second elements 101 ,110, the concrete need only be poured into one chamber and will then spread via the holes created by those recesses into the other chambers.
  • the projecting regions of the first elements 101 will be bonded to the respective projecting regions of the adjoining column section by the concrete.
  • the structural column is formed once the concrete has cured.
  • Figure 12 shows the components which make up a third embodiment of a structural column formed from steel sections and concrete.
  • the column comprises elongate structural elements which are divided into subsets comprising first, second and third structural elements 201 ,210,230.
  • Each element 201 ,210,230 is formed from a flat steel plate having a preferred thickness of 4-25mm. Most preferably, the plates are 8-15mm thick.
  • the steel plate workpiece is initially cut into a rectangular blank comprising integrally formed first and second planar panels 202,204 separated from one another by a fold line 206 which extends along the length of the first element 201.
  • the panels 202,204 are substantially identically sized. Initially both panels 202,204 are co-planar. Each panel 202,204 may also be cut such that a plurality of apertures (not shown) are formed within each panel 202,204.
  • each first element 201 is placed in a press brake or similar machine and the first panel 202 is bent or folded about the fold line 206 relative to the second panel 204 (or vice versa) until the two panels 202,204 are substantially perpendicular to one another.
  • the second structural element 210 is also formed from a steel plate workpiece which is cut into an elongate rectangular panel.
  • the second element 210 may be provided with a plurality of apertures (not shown).
  • the steel plate workpiece is initially cut into a rectangular blank comprising first and second planar panels 232,234 divided by a fold line 236 which extends longitudinally along the length of the element 230.
  • the fold line 236 is positioned such that the first panel 232 is substantially the same width as the second panel 234. Initially both panels 232,234 are co-planar.
  • the columns are substantially square in section and may be 1-3m thick. That is to say that the dimensions A” and B” shown in figure 12 are substantially the same and each may be 1-3m.
  • the second and third elements 210,230 are substantially the same length, which is preferably between 6m and 12m.
  • the first elements 201 may be longer than the other two elements 210,230, which means that the first elements 201 may project above and below the other elements 210,230 when the column is fully formed.
  • each column section comprises four of each of the second and third elements 210,230 but only a pair of the first elements 201.
  • the first elements 201 are positioned first such that they form a column core which is substantially square in section.
  • each L-shaped first element 201 forms a corner of the substantially square section core.
  • the two first elements 201 are positioned such that whilst they collectively define a substantially square core, a first free edge 203 of each first panel 202 projects outwards past a second free edge 205 of each second panel 204.
  • each of these first free edges 203 forms a small shelf or projection which allows the first and second panels 202,204 of the adjacent first elements 201 to be welded to one another using a simple fillet weld.
  • the four third elements 230 form the corners of the column outside the inner core, with the four second elements 210 located between adjacent pairs of third elements 230. Consequently, each external face of the column is made up of the first and second panels 232,234 of adjacent third elements 230.
  • the second elements 210 have a width which is slightly greater than the distance between the inner core defined by the first elements 201 and the outer wall defined by the third elements 230. Consequently, an outer edge 211 of each second element projects beyond the outer wall of the third elements 230. This outer edge forms a small shelf or projection which allows the panels of the third elements and the second element to be welded to one another using a simple fillet weld either side of each outer edge 211.
  • An inner edge 209 of each second element abuts a respective first or second panel 202,204 of the first elements 201 and is attached thereto by fillet welds.
  • first elements 201 are longer than the other elements 210,230 in the column, the inner core made up of these first elements 101 will extend beyond the upper and lower extremities of the remainder of the column formed from the second and third elements 210,230.
  • the extended first elements 201 would allow another section of column to be connected to the section shown in figure 12, by way of corresponding panels 202,204 of first elements 201 projecting from that other column section.
  • apertures are provided in the panels of the first and second elements 201 ,210 this allows concrete and/or other in-fill material to flow between four distinct outer chambers C”-F” as well as a central core chamber G” created by the assembled elements 201 ,210,230.
  • the apertures are optional and none of the panels on the elements may have apertures, or else one or more of the first and second panels 202,204 of the first element 201 and the second element 210 may have the apertures.
  • the column sections can be formed at a remote location before being delivered and installed on-site. Once the formed column sections arrive on site, they are lifted onto the top of an already installed column section such that the central core elements 201 of the installed section lie flush against those projecting downwards from the newly arrived section.
  • the axially-arranged column sections can then be attached together by additional welding about the circumference of the joint between the two sections, or else appropriate mechanical fixing means (e.g. bolts) can be used. Once the desired number of column sections have been attached upon one another, concrete is poured into the top of the uppermost column section.
  • the concrete will be poured into each chamber C”-G” individually or, if apertures are present in the first and second elements 201 ,210, the concrete need only be poured into one chamber and will then spread via the apertures into the other chambers.
  • the projecting regions of the first elements 201 will be bonded to the respective projecting regions of the adjoining column section by the concrete.
  • the structural column is formed once the concrete has cured.
  • the outer edge 211 of at least one of the second panel elements 210 may be provided with one or more fixing apertures or slots, for the receipt of mechanical fixtures which allow the elements 210 to be connected to adjacent beams within the structure.
  • Figure 13 shows a horizontal section view through a core wall structure which is formed in a similar manner to the column shown in Figure 12.
  • Both the column and core wall comprise four outer chambers about a central core space.
  • the central core volume is much bigger than in the column application, owing to the fact that a lift shaft or stairwell may have to be accommodated in that central space.
  • the core wall structure is made up of the same collection of elements as in the column application in Figure 12, and is formed from steel sections and concrete.
  • the core wall comprises elongate structural elements which are divided into subsets comprising first, second and third structural elements 301 ,310,330.
  • Each element 301 ,310,330 is formed from a flat steel plate having a preferred thickness of 4- 25mm. Most preferably, the plates are 8-15mm thick.
  • the steel plate workpiece is initially cut into a rectangular blank comprising integrally formed first and second planar panels 302,304 separated from one another by a fold line 306 which extends along the length of the first element 301.
  • the panels 302,304 are substantially identically sized. Initially both panels 302,304 are co-planar.
  • each first element 301 is placed in a press brake or similar machine and the first panel 302 is bent or folded about the fold line 306 relative to the second panel 304 (or vice versa) until the two panels 302,304 are substantially perpendicular to one another.
  • the second structural element 310 is also formed from a steel plate workpiece which is cut into an elongate rectangular panel.
  • the second element 310 may be provided with a plurality of apertures (not shown).
  • the steel plate workpiece is initially cut into a rectangular blank comprising first and second planar panels 332,334 divided by a fold line 336 which extends longitudinally along the length of the element 330.
  • the fold line 336 is positioned such that the first panel 332 is substantially the same width as the second panel 334. Initially both panels 332,334 are co-planar.
  • the third element 330 has been cut into the desired shape it too is placed in a press brake or the like and the second panel 334 is bent or folded about the fold line 336 relative to the first panel 332 until the two panels 332,334 are substantially perpendicular to one another, as shown in the figures.
  • the third elements are therefore preferably identical to one another.
  • the core wall may be substantially square in section.
  • each core wall comprises four of each of the second and third elements 310,330 but only a pair of the first elements 301.
  • the first elements 301 are positioned first such that they form an inner wall which is substantially square in section.
  • each L-shaped first element 301 forms a corner of the substantially square inner wall.
  • the two first elements 301 are positioned such that whilst they collectively define a substantially square core, a first free edge 303 of each first panel 302 projects outwards past a second free edge 305 of each second panel 304.
  • each of these first free edges 303 forms a small shelf or projection which allows the first and second panels 302,304 of the adjacent first elements 301 to be welded to one another using a simple fillet weld.
  • the four third elements 330 form the outer corners of the core wall, with the four second elements 310 located between adjacent pairs of second elements 330. Consequently, each external wall of the core is made up of the first and second panels 332,334 of adjacent third elements 330.
  • the second elements 310 have a width which is slightly greater than the distance between the inner core wall defined by the first elements 301 and the outer core wall defined by the third elements 330. Consequently, an outer edge 311 of each second element projects beyond the outer wall of the third elements 330.
  • This outer edge forms a small shelf or projection which allows the panels of the third elements and the second element to be welded to one another using a simple fillet weld either side of each outer edge 311.
  • An inner edge 309 of each second element 310 abuts a respective first or second panel 302,304 of the first elements 301 and is attached thereto by fillet welds.
  • the core wall elements can be formed at a remote location before being delivered and installed on-site. Once the formed elements arrive on site, they are lifted into the positions shown in Figure 13 and then fillet welding to one another as described above.
  • the outer surfaces of the panels 302,304, and/or the inner surfaces of the panels 332,334 may include shear studs.
  • Each bar generally designated 400, has a threaded body 402 with a rectangular head 404 fixed to one end of the body 402.
  • the panels 302,304 of the first elements 301 and the panels 332,334 of the third elements may have rectangular apertures of the same general shape as the head 404 of the bar 402, thereby allowing the head and the remainder of the bar to pass from outside the core structure across the chamber and through the inner wall defined by the first elements 301.
  • the outer surfaces of the panels 302,304 of the first elements 301 may have a flange 406 attached thereto, which projects outwards into the chamber.
  • This provides a means for removably attaching the bar 400 to the panels 302,304 without needing access to those panels.
  • the flange 406 has a substantially vertical opening 408 through which the head 404 of the bar may pass if the head itself is in a substantially vertical orientation. Once the head 404 has passed through the opening 408 the bar 402 is rotated 90 degrees until the head is substantially horizontal, as represented by the position 404’ shown in broken lines, and therefore cannot pass back through the flange 406 when tensioned.
  • a washer 412 is then placed over the free end 410 of the bar 402 which extends beyond the outer wall defined by the third elements 330.
  • the washer 412 is large enough that it cannot pass through the bar aperture in the third element 330.
  • a nut 414 is threaded onto the end of the bar 402 and tightened.
  • tie bars 402 brace the inner and outer walls of the core as defined by the first and third elements 301 ,330. Concrete may then be poured into the chambers defined by the various elements. Once the concrete has set then the tie bars can be removed.
  • the outer edge 311 of at least one of the second panel elements 310 may be provided with one or more fixing apertures or slots, for the receipt of mechanical fixtures which allow the elements 310 to be connected to adjacent structural elements if required.
  • the structural columns, braces, core walls and other components of the present invention can be fabricated off-site and then transported to the desired location.
  • the components of the present invention provide greater fire resistance than existing structural components in the event that the external sections are weakened by a fire.
  • fillet welds where described herein reduces or may indeed eliminate the need for butt welds. This provides faster and cheaper manufacture, a reduction in consumable materials, and simpler testing.
  • the structural components of the preferred embodiments are square in section, they may be other shapes as well.
  • the components may be rectangular with one of the dimensions A and B (shown in figures 5 and 11) being greater or lesser than the other. They may also be hexagonal or octagonal, for example. In the latter instances, the angles between the panels of each structural element would be varied above or below substantially 90 degrees to provide the relevant component shape.
  • the various structural elements of the columns and braces in particular may also be formed as substantially U-shaped elements.
  • the elements would be cut from the same plate steel and provided with a pair of longitudinal fold lines which divide the plate into three panels.
  • the plate would be put into the press brake or the like and the panels would be folded about the fold lines so as to form two substantially parallel side panels connected to one another by a web panel.
  • the web panel may have a lesser width than that of the two side panels.
  • One or more of the free edges of the panels may be provided with recesses of the same kind and function as those in the preferred embodiments.
  • Z-shaped elements may also be used, where two fold lines divide the plate into three panels.
  • the two outer panels are folded in opposing directions about the fold lines relative to the middle panel to form the desired Z-shape.
  • the elements may comprise at least two panels which lie at any angle relative to one another.
  • the recesses cut in the free edges of the panels of the elements need not be semi circular. They can be any other suitable shape, including square or triangular as well as irregular shapes.
  • the present invention is not limited to the use of the in-fill, or indeed the use of concrete as the in-fill.
  • the chambers defined within the components may be empty or filled with an alternative in-fill such as foam, rubble, aggregate or else another cementitious material that sets after being poured into the chambers.
  • some of the chambers may be filled with in-fill whilst others remain empty, or some or all chambers may be only partially filled.
  • the inner core chamber G’ may be empty whilst the other chambers C’-F’ are filled with concrete or another in-fill material.
  • certain chambers may be filled with concrete and other chambers may be filled with a fire-retardant filler material.
  • the connecting flanges of the first elements which project above and below the main column body may be adapted so to have male and female connecting regions.
  • An upwardly projecting female connection would receive a downwardly projecting male connection of an adjacent component section, for example.
  • Such male and female connections may also be provided on the first elements of the second embodiment to provide a similar connecting arrangement for the central cores of adjacent component sections in the second embodiment.
  • Any panel located inside of the external walls of the columns described above may be provided with holes in order to allow in-fill material to flow or pass through the panel into another chamber.
  • one or more of the structural elements being used for that component may also be provided with headed shear studs on one or more of the panels thereof in order to further resist buckling and further improve the bonding of the concrete to the elements.
  • the grade of the materials used for the components may be mixed, with lower grade material on the outside of the component and higher grade material used for the internal elements. In the event of a fire the more expensive higher grade material is protected.
  • tie bars employed in the core wall embodiment described above may also be used in other structural components according to the present invention.
  • any structural component having one or more chambers defined by structural elements or panels may employ tie bars, where the bars extend across the one or more chambers and have ends removably attached to the respective elements or panels which define the chamber in question.
  • the chambers therefore retain their desired shape and form whilst concrete or other in-fill material is deposited into the chamber.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un composant structural qui comprend une pluralité d'éléments structuraux qui sont fixés les uns aux autres de manière à définir une paroi périphérique du composant et à diviser le volume à l'intérieur de la paroi périphérique en une pluralité de chambres. Les éléments peuvent être agencés de manière à faire partie à la fois de la paroi périphérique et des parois de séparation du composant, ou bien des éléments séparés peuvent être utilisés pour former la périphérie et diviser des parois. L'invention concerne également un procédé de formation d'un tel composant structural.
PCT/GB2019/050064 2018-01-10 2019-01-10 Composants structuraux WO2019138233A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1800400.2A GB201800400D0 (en) 2018-01-10 2018-01-10 Structural components
GB1800400.2 2018-01-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019138233A1 true WO2019138233A1 (fr) 2019-07-18

Family

ID=61190369

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2019/050064 WO2019138233A1 (fr) 2018-01-10 2019-01-10 Composants structuraux

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB201800400D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019138233A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU205385U1 (ru) * 2021-02-01 2021-07-13 Валерий Павлович Левицкий Составная колонна
WO2023233168A1 (fr) 2022-06-02 2023-12-07 Cairnhill Structures Limited Module et procédé de construction

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US745570A (en) * 1903-04-16 1903-12-01 William H Clarke Metallic structure.
US2420715A (en) * 1944-08-26 1947-05-20 James F Millward Tube construction
US4674256A (en) * 1983-05-17 1987-06-23 Cedegur Societe De Transformation De L'aluminum Pechiney Members for load-carrying spatial structure
US20020152715A1 (en) * 2000-12-13 2002-10-24 Rotheroe Kevin Chaite Unitary metal structural member with internal reinforcement
US20140134394A1 (en) * 2012-11-13 2014-05-15 Noble Environmental Technologies Corporation Void containing structural member

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US745570A (en) * 1903-04-16 1903-12-01 William H Clarke Metallic structure.
US2420715A (en) * 1944-08-26 1947-05-20 James F Millward Tube construction
US4674256A (en) * 1983-05-17 1987-06-23 Cedegur Societe De Transformation De L'aluminum Pechiney Members for load-carrying spatial structure
US20020152715A1 (en) * 2000-12-13 2002-10-24 Rotheroe Kevin Chaite Unitary metal structural member with internal reinforcement
US20140134394A1 (en) * 2012-11-13 2014-05-15 Noble Environmental Technologies Corporation Void containing structural member

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU205385U1 (ru) * 2021-02-01 2021-07-13 Валерий Павлович Левицкий Составная колонна
WO2023233168A1 (fr) 2022-06-02 2023-12-07 Cairnhill Structures Limited Module et procédé de construction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201800400D0 (en) 2018-02-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2561153B1 (fr) Assemblages boulonnés en acier dotés de plaques de gaine tridimensionnelles et de tiges de tension
US10378199B2 (en) Dry joint joining device between columns and beams of precast reinforced concrete
US6298617B1 (en) High rise building system using steel wall panels
KR102079008B1 (ko) 단부모멘트 및 휨 저항력이 보강된 보와 기둥의 이-지(ez) 결합구조
KR102098028B1 (ko) 폐단면 합성 기둥과 철골보 연결 구조 및 이의 시공 방법
KR101998579B1 (ko) 주차장 구조물에서의 보호노출 압축확판이 형성되어 층고절감이 가능한 충전형 보 및 이를 이용한 기둥 보 접합부 시공방법
WO2019138233A1 (fr) Composants structuraux
GB1150871A (en) Improvement in and relating to Building Construction and Pre-Fabricated Components Therefor
US20130298492A1 (en) Center-supported wall panel
AU2021416527A1 (en) Modular composite action panel and structural systems using same
KR101962788B1 (ko) 강거더와 강합성복공판을 이용한 가설교량 시공방법 및 이를 이용하여 시공된 가설교량
US20220018112A1 (en) Modular building systems
KR101050167B1 (ko) 사전제작형 슬래브 모듈 및 이를 이용한 녹-다운형 모듈러 건축구조물과 그 시공방법
KR200469319Y1 (ko) 철골 또는 철골철근콘크리트 기둥과 철근콘크리트로 보강된 단부를 갖는 철골 보의 접합구조
JPS5944443A (ja) 鉄骨架構
JP3788310B2 (ja) 複合主塔及びその施工方法
KR200486761Y1 (ko) 거푸집 패널 연결을 위한 코너 앵글
KR101148546B1 (ko) 장스팬용 조립 철골 보 및 그를 이용한 철골 골조
US3603051A (en) Large-diameter framed structure
JP3055431U (ja) 鉄骨造建築用の複合柱材
JP3516927B2 (ja) 耐震補強フレーム
US1526462A (en) Structural material
JPH08158695A (ja) 耐震チューブ架構および高層事務所ビルの躯体構造
JP2003013498A (ja) 鉄骨構造建物の柱体
JP2022142955A (ja) 建物架構

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19701000

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19701000

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1