WO2019129288A1 - 锁止机构、锁止系统、快换支架组件及电动汽车 - Google Patents

锁止机构、锁止系统、快换支架组件及电动汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019129288A1
WO2019129288A1 PCT/CN2018/125688 CN2018125688W WO2019129288A1 WO 2019129288 A1 WO2019129288 A1 WO 2019129288A1 CN 2018125688 W CN2018125688 W CN 2018125688W WO 2019129288 A1 WO2019129288 A1 WO 2019129288A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lock
pin
locking
cavity
power pin
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/125688
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张建平
黄春华
兰志波
Original Assignee
上海电巴新能源科技有限公司
奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201711486906.9A external-priority patent/CN109986941B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201711482898.0A external-priority patent/CN109986940B/zh
Priority to CA3087454A priority Critical patent/CA3087454C/en
Priority to KR1020217031306A priority patent/KR102381683B1/ko
Application filed by 上海电巴新能源科技有限公司, 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海电巴新能源科技有限公司
Priority to US16/958,755 priority patent/US11359410B2/en
Priority to EP23185313.6A priority patent/EP4253133A3/en
Priority to JP2020536591A priority patent/JP7081890B2/ja
Priority to EP18894253.6A priority patent/EP3733434A4/en
Priority to AU2018393463A priority patent/AU2018393463B2/en
Priority to IL293320A priority patent/IL293320B2/en
Priority to MYPI2020003366A priority patent/MY194234A/en
Priority to BR112020013375-2A priority patent/BR112020013375A2/pt
Priority to EA202091609A priority patent/EA202091609A1/ru
Priority to KR1020207022032A priority patent/KR102312041B1/ko
Priority to SG11202006166VA priority patent/SG11202006166VA/en
Priority to MX2020006898A priority patent/MX2020006898A/es
Publication of WO2019129288A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019129288A1/zh
Priority to IL275745A priority patent/IL275745B/en
Priority to PH12020551017A priority patent/PH12020551017A1/en
Priority to ZA2020/04621A priority patent/ZA202004621B/en
Priority to US17/744,723 priority patent/US20220275665A1/en
Priority to US17/744,726 priority patent/US20220268058A1/en
Priority to JP2022084648A priority patent/JP7294622B2/ja
Priority to JP2022084647A priority patent/JP7289958B2/ja

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B47/0002—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B83/00—Vehicle locks specially adapted for particular types of wing or vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/11—Electric energy storages
    • B60Y2400/112—Batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/30—Sensors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0015—Output elements of actuators
    • E05B2047/0016—Output elements of actuators with linearly reciprocating motion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B2047/0048—Circuits, feeding, monitoring
    • E05B2047/0067—Monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of power exchange of electric vehicles, in particular to a locking mechanism, a locking system, a quick-change bracket assembly and an electric vehicle.
  • the battery pack installation methods of the existing electric vehicles are generally classified into fixed type and replaceable type, wherein the fixed type of battery pack is generally fixed on the automobile, and the vehicle is directly charged as a charging object during charging.
  • the replaceable battery pack is generally installed in an active manner, and the battery pack can be removed at any time and replaced with a new one.
  • the locking and unlocking of the battery pack is involved.
  • the left and right sides of the battery pack are provided with a lock shaft; the locking device is fixed on the quick change bracket to be assembled into a quick change bracket assembly, and the quick change bracket assembly is further mounted on the chassis of the electric vehicle; The locking device cooperates to lock the battery pack.
  • the locking mechanism used in the existing locking device is usually a primary locking mechanism, and the primary locking mechanism comprises a locking base and a locking tongue, wherein the first locking is realized by the rotation of the locking tongue in the locking base.
  • the switching mechanism switches between the locked state and the unlocked state. Among them, most of the structure and even the entire structure of the bolt need to be located in the lock base, occupying a large space.
  • the existing locking device lacks a protection mechanism for the primary locking mechanism, and the primary locking mechanism is prone to failure, which may cause the battery bag to loosen or fall off.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks in the prior art, and to provide a locking mechanism, a locking system, a quick-change bracket assembly and an electric vehicle.
  • a locking mechanism for locking and fixing a battery pack comprising a lock base, the lock base being provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, the opening being for mounting The lock shaft of the battery pack enters the cavity, and the locking mechanism further includes:
  • a locking assembly coupled to a side of the lock base opposite the lock shaft, the lock assembly being movable relative to the lock base and from the lock base a side opposite the lock shaft extends into the cavity or exits the cavity;
  • the locking assembly is configured to prevent the lock shaft from exiting the cavity from the opening when the locking assembly projects into the cavity;
  • the locking assembly is configured to allow the lock shaft to exit the cavity from the opening when the locking assembly exits the cavity.
  • the lock assembly acts on the lock shaft from the side of the lock base opposite to the lock shaft to prevent or allow the lock shaft to leave the cavity, and the lock assembly occupies less space in the lock base, effectively The requirement for the internal space of the lock base is reduced.
  • the locking assembly comprises:
  • a first lower casing detachably connecting a side of the lock base opposite to the lock shaft, the interior of the first lower casing having a first accommodating cavity, a side wall of the lower casing has a through hole communicating with the first receiving cavity;
  • the lock pin is located in the first accommodating cavity, and the lock pin is disposed in the through hole, and is switchable between an extended state and a retracted state to extend into the Caving or exiting the cavity;
  • the lock pin exits the cavity when the lock pin is in the retracted state.
  • the locking component further comprises:
  • a power pin acting on the lock pin the power pin being movable relative to the lock pin to engage or disengage the lock pin
  • the first electromagnetic induction element is disposed on the power pin, and the first electromagnetic induction element is configured to, under the action of an external electromagnetic device, drive the power pin to be applied to the lock pin The force of the retracting direction of the locking pin;
  • the first elastic member is for applying a force to the lock pin in a protruding direction of the lock pin
  • the power pin is separated from the lock pin and applied to the force of the lock pin in the retracting direction, Causing the lock pin in the retracted state;
  • the first elastic element When the first electromagnetic induction element is separated from the external electromagnetic device, the first elastic element is applied to a force of the lock pin in the extending direction, and the power pin is engaged with the lock pin So that the lock pin is in the extended state.
  • the power pin moves in a direction away from the lock pin, and applies a force to the lock pin in the retracting direction, so that the lock pin is retracted, and the lock is locked.
  • the pin presses the first resilient member, and when the power pin is completely separated from the locking pin, the first resilient member provides a restoring force to the locking pin such that the locking pin returns to the position for engagement with the power pin.
  • the power pin moves toward the lock pin to engage the lock pin such that the lock pin is in the extended state.
  • the magnetic attraction is used to control the engagement and separation of the power pin and the lock pin, thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the lock pin, the control method is simple, and the control efficiency is high.
  • the lock pin has:
  • the connecting portion is connected to an end of the executing portion away from the cavity, the connecting portion has a second receiving cavity, and the second receiving cavity is configured to receive the power pin;
  • the first elastic element is connected to an end of the connecting portion away from the executing portion, and the first elastic element abuts between the connecting portion and an inner wall surface of the first receiving cavity.
  • the first elastic member applies a force to the connecting portion in the extending direction.
  • the length direction of the connecting portion is formed with a first angle with the height direction of the power pin, and the first angle is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°;
  • the second accommodating cavity extends in a height direction of the power pin to move the power pin relative to the lock pin in a height direction of the power pin.
  • the power pin has a first end and a tail end along a height direction thereof, a first end of the power pin is embedded in the second receiving cavity, and the first electromagnetic induction element is disposed on the power pin.
  • Tail end is a first end and a tail end along a height direction thereof, a first end of the power pin is embedded in the second receiving cavity, and the first electromagnetic induction element is disposed on the power pin.
  • the inner wall surface of the second accommodating cavity has a first inclined portion, and the first end of the power pin has a second inclined portion adapted to the first inclined portion;
  • the first inclined portion is attached to the second inclined portion
  • the second inclined portion moves downward relative to the first inclined portion and applies a force to the lock pin in the retracting direction to The lock pin is placed in the retracted state.
  • the cooperation of the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion is skillfully utilized, and when the power pin moves in a direction away from the lock pin, the first inclined portion slides relative to the second inclined portion, and the first inclined portion is applied
  • the frictional force to the second inclined portion can be decomposed into a component force in the retracting direction, under which the lock pin is retracted.
  • the inner wall surface of the second accommodating cavity further has a recessed portion, and the first end of the power pin has a protrusion corresponding to the recessed portion;
  • the inner wall surface of the second accommodating cavity has two first inclined portions, and the two first inclined portions are oppositely disposed on opposite sides of the recessed portion.
  • the recess portion can limit the power pin, which helps to ensure the reliable engagement of the power pin and the lock pin, thereby contributing to the stable extension of the lock pin, thereby contributing to the realization of the lock shaft. Reliable locking.
  • the first electromagnetic induction element is embedded in a tail end of the power pin.
  • the first electromagnetic induction element does not occupy extra space outside the power pin, which is advantageous for improving space utilization.
  • it is also advantageous to protect the first electromagnetic induction element.
  • the tail end of the power pin is sleeved with a second elastic element, and the second elastic element is applied to the power pin in a direction close to the connecting portion;
  • the force applied by the second elastic element to the power pin is greater than the weight of the power pin.
  • the force applied by the second elastic member to the power pin enables the power pin to not fall under the action of gravity, thereby further improving the engagement of the power pin with the lock pin. Reliability.
  • the force applied by the second elastic member to the power pin can overcome the gravity of the power pin, thereby enabling the power pin to move relatively reliably toward the lock pin.
  • the outer wall surface of the power pin is provided with a blocking portion at a position corresponding to both ends of the second elastic member, and the second elastic member is interposed between the two blocking portions;
  • the second elastic element is a spring.
  • the main function of the blocking portion is to position the second elastic member to restrict the movement of the second elastic member in the height direction of the power pin.
  • the locking component further comprises:
  • the second lower casing is connected to a bottom of the first lower casing, the second lower casing has a third accommodating cavity, the third accommodating cavity and the first a receiving cavity is in communication, and the power pin is located in the third receiving cavity;
  • the outer wall surface of the power pin is provided with a blocking portion at a position corresponding to one end of the second elastic member, and the second elastic member is engaged with the blocking portion and the second lower housing between;
  • the second elastic element is a spring.
  • the locking component further comprises:
  • An upper casing the upper casing being press-fitted and detachably coupled to the first lower casing.
  • the upper casing can fix and protect the lock pin, the power pin, and the like.
  • the upper housing has a fourth receiving cavity, and the fourth receiving cavity is provided with a first sensor;
  • a second electromagnetic induction element is disposed on the execution portion
  • the first sensor acts on the second electromagnetic induction element to detect that the execution portion is in the extended state
  • a second sensor is further disposed in the fourth accommodating cavity, and the second sensor acts on the second electromagnetic induction element to detect that the executing portion is in the retracted state;
  • the second electromagnetic induction element is a magnetic steel.
  • the second sensor is closer to the power pin than the first sensor.
  • the first electromagnetic induction element is a magnetic steel.
  • a locking system for a battery pack comprising a primary locking mechanism, the primary locking mechanism having a locking linkage and a lock base, the lock base being provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, the opening being for a lock shaft mounted to the battery pack to enter the cavity, the lock linkage moving relative to the lock base to open or close the opening, To unlock or lock the battery pack, the locking system further includes:
  • the secondary locking mechanism is disposed on a movement path of the locking linkage portion for limiting movement of the locking linkage portion relative to the lock base to lock the Battery pack.
  • the secondary locking mechanism can limit the movement of the locking linkage relative to the lock base, thereby improving the reliability of the primary locking mechanism and reducing or avoiding the occurrence of the battery pack falling off.
  • the lock linkage includes a lock tongue and a lock link, the lock tongue is coupled to the lock link and rotatable relative to the lock base, and the lock link is used for external force Driving the lock tongue to rotate to unlock or lock the battery pack;
  • the secondary locking mechanism is movable relative to the lock link between a first position and a second position
  • the secondary locking mechanism when the secondary locking mechanism is in the first position, the secondary locking mechanism acts on the lock link to limit movement of the lock link relative to the lock base;
  • the secondary locking mechanism is disengaged from the lock link when the secondary locking mechanism is in the second position to permit movement of the lock link relative to the lock base.
  • the secondary locking mechanism acts on the lock link either by pressing a part of the secondary locking mechanism on the top of the lock link, or by a part of the secondary locking mechanism abutting on the lock link.
  • the side of the rod is realized.
  • the secondary locking mechanism is disposed on a side of the lock base opposite to the lock shaft of the battery pack;
  • the secondary locking mechanism comprises:
  • first lower casing the first lower casing is detachably connected to a side of the lock base opposite to the lock shaft, and the inside of the first lower casing has a first accommodating cavity,
  • the side wall of the housing has a through hole communicating with the first receiving cavity;
  • the lock pin is located in the first accommodating cavity, and the lock pin is disposed in the through hole, and is switchable between an extended state and a retracted state;
  • the locking pin when the locking pin is in the extended state, the locking pin is located in the first position;
  • the lock pin is in the second position when the lock pin is in the retracted state.
  • the switching of the locking pin between the first position and the second position is achieved by controlling the extension and retraction of the locking pin, and the structure is simple and convenient to implement.
  • the secondary locking mechanism further comprises:
  • a power pin acting on the lock pin the power pin being movable relative to the lock pin to engage or disengage the lock pin
  • the first electromagnetic induction element is disposed on the power pin, and the first electromagnetic induction element is configured to, under the action of an external electromagnetic device, drive the power pin to be applied to the lock pin The force of the retracting direction of the locking pin;
  • the first elastic member is for applying a force to the lock pin in a protruding direction of the lock pin
  • the power pin is separated from the lock pin and applied to the force of the lock pin in the retracting direction, Causing the lock pin in the retracted state;
  • the first elastic element When the first electromagnetic induction element is separated from the external electromagnetic device, the first elastic element is applied to a force of the lock pin in the extending direction, and the power pin is engaged with the lock pin So that the lock pin is in the extended state.
  • the secondary locking mechanism is configured to be pressed in a middle portion of the lock link.
  • the secondary locking mechanism acts on the middle of the lock link to improve the stability of the lock link, and is advantageous for improving the reliability of the secondary lock mechanism acting on the primary lock mechanism, thereby facilitating the reliability. Improve the locking reliability of the primary locking mechanism to the battery pack.
  • the primary locking mechanism comprises three lock bases, three lock tongues are connected to the lock link, and the three lock tongues and the three lock bases are one by one. Corresponding settings;
  • the side of the lock link facing the lock base is further provided with an unlocking block, the unlocking block is an arc-shaped protrusion formed outward from the lock link, and the top of the unlocking block An inner arc groove recessed into the lock link;
  • the locking system includes a plurality of the secondary locking mechanisms, and the plurality of secondary locking mechanisms are for evenly pressing against the top of the locking link.
  • the present invention also provides a quick change bracket assembly characterized in that it comprises a quick change bracket and a locking system as described above, the lock base and the secondary locking mechanism being respectively connected to the quick change bracket The opposite sides of the same side.
  • the present invention also provides a quick change bracket assembly characterized in that it comprises a quick change bracket and a locking system as described above, the lock base and the secondary locking mechanism being respectively connected to the quick change bracket The opposite sides of the same side;
  • the quick change bracket is provided with a through hole, and the lock pin is switched between the first position and the second position through the through hole.
  • the present invention also provides a quick change bracket assembly for mounting a battery pack, characterized in that the quick change bracket assembly includes a quick change bracket and a lock mechanism as described above, the lock base and the lock The components are respectively connected to opposite sides of the same side of the quick change bracket, and the quick change bracket is provided with a passage for the locking assembly to extend or retract.
  • the present invention also provides an electric vehicle characterized in that it comprises a battery pack and a quick change bracket assembly as described above, the battery pack being mounted to the quick change bracket, the lock base being connected to the quick change The bracket is adjacent to one side of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a lock mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural schematic view showing another positional state of the lock mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a lock assembly in the lock mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the lock assembly of the lock mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein the lock pin is in an extended state.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic exploded view showing the lock assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another structure of the lock assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein the lock pin is in a retracted state.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a lock pin in a lock assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a structural schematic view showing a power pin in the lock assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a partial structural schematic view of a quick change bracket assembly according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a first-stage locking mechanism in a locking system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 share
  • the locking mechanism includes a lock base 30 having an opening and a cavity extending from the opening for opening the lock shaft 20 mounted to the battery pack into the cavity.
  • the locking mechanism also includes a locking assembly 10.
  • the locking assembly 10 is coupled to a side of the lock base 30 opposite the lock shaft 20, and the lock assembly 10 is movable relative to the lock base 30 and extends into the opposite side of the lock base 30 from the lock shaft 20. Cavity or exit the cavity. Wherein, when the locking assembly 10 extends into the cavity, the locking assembly 10 can prevent the locking shaft 20 from exiting the cavity; when the locking assembly 10 is withdrawn from the cavity, the locking assembly 10 can allow the locking shaft 20 to exit from the opening Cavity.
  • the lock assembly 10 acts on the lock shaft 20 from the side of the lock base 30 opposite the lock shaft 20 to block or allow the lock shaft 20 to exit the cavity, and the lock assembly 10 is within the lock base 30.
  • the occupied space is less, effectively reducing the requirement for the internal space of the lock base 30.
  • connecting plate 40 is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, and in the present embodiment, the locking assembly 10 is coupled to the lock base 30 via the connecting plate 40.
  • the connecting plate is actually the side wall of the quick change bracket.
  • the locking assembly 10 includes a first lower housing 101 and a locking pin 102.
  • the first lower casing 101 is detachably connected to a side of the lock base 30 opposite to the lock shaft 20.
  • the interior of the first lower casing 101 has a first accommodating cavity 1011, and the side wall of the lower casing has a first capacity.
  • the through hole 1012 is connected to the cavity 1011.
  • the locking pin 102 is located in the first receiving cavity 1011, and the locking pin 102 is disposed through the through hole 1012 and can be switched between an extended state and a retracted state to extend into the cavity or exit the cavity. Wherein, when the locking pin 102 is in the extended state, the locking pin 102 extends into the cavity; when the locking pin 102 is in the retracted state, the locking pin 102 exits the cavity.
  • the locking assembly 10 further includes a power pin 103, a first electromagnetic sensing element 104, and a first resilient element 105.
  • the power pin 103 acts on the locking pin 102, and the power pin 103 is movable relative to the locking pin 102 to engage or disengage the locking pin 102.
  • the first electromagnetic induction element 104 is disposed on the power pin 103. The first electromagnetic induction element 104 is used to drive the power pin 103 to apply the force of the lock pin 102 in the retracting direction of the lock pin 102 under the action of the external electromagnetic device.
  • the first elastic element 105 is connected to the end of the locking pin 102 away from the cavity, the first elastic element 105 abuts between the locking pin 102 and the inner wall surface of the first receiving cavity 1011, and the first elastic element 105 is used for applying the lock The force of the pin 102 along the extending direction of the locking pin 102.
  • the power pin 103 is separated from the lock pin 102 and applied to the locking pin 102 in the retracting direction, so that the locking pin 102 is in the retracted state.
  • the first elastic element 105 applies a force to the locking pin 102 in the extending direction, and the power pin 103 is engaged with the locking pin 102 so that the locking pin 102 is extended. Out of state.
  • the power pin 103 moves toward the direction away from the lock pin 102, and applies a force to the lock pin 102 in the retracting direction, so that the lock
  • the locking pin 102 will press the first elastic member 105.
  • the first elastic member 105 provides a restoring force to the locking pin 102, so that the locking pin 102 is returned for A position where the power pin 103 is engaged.
  • the power pin 103 moves toward the lock pin 102 to engage the lock pin 102 such that the lock pin 102 is in the extended state.
  • the magnetic pinch is used to control the engagement and separation of the power pin 103 and the lock pin 102, thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the lock pin 102, the control method is simple, and the control efficiency is high.
  • the lock pin 102 has an actuator portion 1021 and a connection portion 1022.
  • the connecting portion 1022 is connected to one end of the executing portion 1021 away from the cavity, the connecting portion 1022 has a second receiving cavity 1023 for receiving the power pin 103.
  • the first elastic element 105 is connected to the end of the connecting portion 1022 away from the executing portion 1021 , and the first elastic element 105 abuts between the connecting portion 1022 and the inner wall surface of the first receiving cavity 1011 , and the first elastic element 105 is applied to The force of the connecting portion 1022 in the extending direction.
  • the longitudinal direction of the connecting portion 1022 forms a first angle with the height direction of the power pin 103, and the first angle is equal to 90°, and the second receiving cavity 1023 is powered.
  • the pin 103 extends in the height direction to move the power pin 103 relative to the lock pin 102 in the height direction of the power pin 103.
  • the first angle may also be set to any angle greater than 0° and less than 90°.
  • the power pin 103 has a first end and a tail end along the height direction thereof.
  • the first end of the power pin 103 is embedded in the second receiving cavity 1023 , and the first electromagnetic induction element 104 is set on the power.
  • the inner wall surface of the second accommodating cavity 1023 has a first inclined portion 1024, and the first end of the power pin 103 has a second inclined portion 1032 adapted to the first inclined portion 1024.
  • the first inclined portion 1024 is attached to the second inclined portion 1032; when the power pin 103 is separated from the lock pin 102, the second inclined portion 1032 is opposite to the first inclined portion. 1024 moves downward and applies a force to the locking pin 102 in the retracting direction to bring the locking pin 102 into a retracted state.
  • the cooperation of the first inclined portion 1024 and the second inclined portion 1032 is skillfully utilized, and when the power pin 103 moves in a direction away from the lock pin 102, the first inclined portion 1024 is opposite to the second inclined portion 1032.
  • the sliding force applied to the second inclined portion 1032 by the first inclined portion 1024 can be decomposed into a component force in the retracting direction, and the locking pin 102 is retracted by the component force.
  • the inner wall surface of the second accommodating cavity 1023 further has a recessed portion 1025, and the leading end of the power pin 103 has a convex portion adapted to the recessed portion 1025.
  • the first accommodating cavity 1023 has two first inclined portions 1024 on the inner wall surface, and the two first inclined portions 1024 are oppositely disposed on opposite sides of the recessed portion 1025.
  • the recessed portion 1025 can limit the power pin 103 to facilitate the reliable engagement of the power pin 103 and the lock pin 102, thereby contributing to the stable extension of the lock pin 102, thereby Helps achieve reliable locking of the lock shaft 20.
  • the first electromagnetic induction element 104 is embedded in the trailing end of the power pin 103.
  • the arrangement is such that the first electromagnetic induction element 104 does not take up extra space outside the power pin 103, which is advantageous for improving space utilization. In addition, it is also advantageous to protect the first electromagnetic induction element 104.
  • the tail end of the power pin 103 is sleeved with a second elastic element 106, and the second elastic element 106 applies a force to the power pin 103 in a direction close to the connecting portion 1022; wherein the second elastic element
  • the force applied to the power pin 103 by 106 is greater than the weight of the power pin 103.
  • the force applied by the second elastic member 106 to the power pin 103 can cause the power pin 103 not to fall under the action of gravity, thereby being able to further improve The reliability of the power pin 103 engaging the lock pin 102.
  • the locking assembly 10 further includes a second lower housing 107 connected to the bottom of the first lower housing 101, and the second lower housing 107 has a third housing.
  • the cavity 1071, the third accommodating cavity 1071 is in communication with the first accommodating cavity 1011, and the power pin 103 is located in the third accommodating cavity 1071.
  • a second angle is formed between a central axis of the second lower casing 107 and a central axis of the first lower casing 101, and the second angle is equal to the first angle.
  • the outer wall surface of the power pin 103 is provided with a blocking portion 1031 at a position corresponding to both ends of the second elastic member 106, and the second elastic member 106 is provided.
  • the card is disposed between the two blocking portions 1031. That is, in the present embodiment, the second elastic member 106 is entirely sleeved on the outer wall surface of the power pin 103, and the second elastic member 106 is a spring.
  • the main function of the blocking portion 1031 is to position the second elastic member 106 to restrict the movement of the second elastic member 106 in the height direction of the power pin 103.
  • the second elastic member 106 may also be partially sleeved on the outer wall surface of the power pin 103, and the other portion abuts against the second lower casing 107, that is, the outer wall surface of the power pin 103 and A blocking portion 1031 is disposed at a position corresponding to one end of the two elastic members 106, and the second elastic member 106 is interposed between the blocking portion 1031 and the second lower casing 107.
  • one end of the second elastic member 106 abuts against the blocking portion of the head end of the power pin 103, and the other end of the second elastic member 106 abuts against the bottom surface of the second lower casing 107 near the trailing end of the power pin 103.
  • the second elastic member 106 is in an elastic compression state to apply a force to the power pin 103 in a direction approaching the lock pin 102.
  • the locking assembly 10 further includes an upper housing 108 that is press-fitted and detachably coupled to the first lower housing 101.
  • the upper housing 108 can fix and protect the lock pin 102, the power pin 103, and the like.
  • the upper housing 108 has a fourth receiving cavity 1081, a first sensor 1082 is disposed in the fourth receiving cavity 1081, and a second electromagnetic sensing component 1026 is disposed on the executing portion 1021.
  • the first sensor 1082 acts on the second electromagnetic induction element 1026 to detect that the executing portion 1021 is in the extended state.
  • a second sensor 1083 is further disposed in the fourth accommodating cavity 1081, and the second sensor 1083 acts on the second electromagnetic sensing element 1026 to detect that the executing portion 1021 is in the retracted state. Among them, the second sensor 1083 is closer to the power pin 103 than the first sensor 1082.
  • the first electromagnetic induction element 104 and the second electromagnetic induction element 1026 are both magnetic steel.
  • This embodiment also provides a quick change bracket assembly for mounting a battery pack.
  • the quick change bracket assembly comprises a quick change bracket and a locking mechanism as above, wherein the lock base and the lock assembly are respectively connected to opposite sides of the same side of the quick change bracket, and the quick change bracket is provided with a locking assembly extending or contracting The channel back.
  • the embodiment further provides an electric vehicle comprising a battery pack and the quick change bracket assembly as described above, the battery pack being mounted on the quick change bracket, and the lock base being connected to the side of the quick change bracket close to the battery pack.
  • the lock assembly acts on the lock shaft from a side of the lock base opposite the lock shaft to block or allow the lock shaft to leave the cavity, and the lock assembly occupies less space in the lock base. The requirement for the internal space of the lock base is effectively reduced.
  • This embodiment discloses a locking system and a quick-change bracket assembly including the same for unlocking and locking a battery pack on an electric vehicle.
  • the quick change bracket assembly includes a quick change bracket and a locking system, and the quick change bracket is mounted on the chassis of the electric vehicle.
  • the locking system includes a primary locking mechanism 20 and a secondary locking mechanism 10.
  • the primary locking mechanism 20 has a locking linkage 201 and a lock base 202.
  • the lock base 202 is provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, the opening being for mounting on the battery pack.
  • a lock shaft (not shown) enters the cavity, and the lock linkage moves relative to the lock base to open or close the opening to unlock or lock the battery pack.
  • the secondary locking mechanism 10 is disposed on the moving path of the locking linkage 201 for limiting the movement of the locking linkage 201 relative to the lock base 202 to lock the battery pack.
  • the lock base 202 and the secondary locking mechanism are respectively connected to opposite sides of the same side of the quick change bracket 30.
  • the secondary locking mechanism can restrict the movement of the locking interlocking portion relative to the lock base, thereby improving the reliability of the primary locking mechanism and reducing or avoiding the occurrence of the battery pack falling off.
  • the lock linkage 201 includes a lock tongue 2011 and a lock link 2012 that is coupled to the lock link 2012 and is rotatable relative to the lock base 202.
  • the lock link 2012 is used for Under the action of an external force, the lock tongue 2011 is rotated to unlock or lock the battery pack.
  • the secondary locking mechanism 10 is moveable relative to the lock link 2012 between a first position and a second position. Wherein, when the secondary locking mechanism 10 is in the first position, the secondary locking mechanism 10 acts on the lock link 2012 to limit the movement of the lock link 2012 relative to the lock base 202; When the mechanism 10 is in the second position, the secondary locking mechanism 10 is disengaged from the lock link 2012 to allow movement of the lock link 2012 relative to the lock base 202.
  • the secondary locking mechanism 10 is disposed on a side of the lock base 202 opposite to the lock shaft of the battery pack.
  • the secondary locking mechanism acts on the lock link through a portion of the secondary locking mechanism that is pressed against the top of the lock link. In other alternative embodiments, it may also be achieved by a portion of the secondary locking mechanism abutting the side of the lock link.
  • the secondary locking mechanism 10 includes a first lower housing 101 and a locking pin 102.
  • the first lower casing 101 is detachably connected to a side of the lock base 30 opposite to the lock shaft.
  • the inside of the first lower casing 101 has a first accommodating cavity 1011, and the side wall of the lower casing has a first accommodating The through hole 1012 is connected to the cavity 1011.
  • the locking pin 102 is located in the first receiving cavity 1011, and the locking pin 102 is disposed through the through hole 1012 and is switchable between an extended state and a retracted state. Wherein, when the locking pin 102 is in the extended state, the locking pin 102 is in the first position; when the locking pin 102 is in the retracted state, the locking pin 102 is in the second position.
  • the quick change bracket 30 is provided with a through hole 301 through which the lock pin 102 is switched between the first position and the second position.
  • the secondary lock mechanism 10 further includes a power pin 103, a first electromagnetic induction element 104, and a first elastic element 105.
  • the power pin 103 acts on the locking pin 102, and the power pin 103 is movable relative to the locking pin 102 to engage or disengage the locking pin 102.
  • the first electromagnetic induction element 104 is disposed on the power pin 103. The first electromagnetic induction element 104 is used to drive the power pin 103 to apply the force of the lock pin 102 in the retracting direction of the lock pin 102 under the action of the external electromagnetic device.
  • the first elastic element 105 is connected to the end of the locking pin 102 away from the cavity, the first elastic element 105 abuts between the locking pin 102 and the inner wall surface of the first receiving cavity 1011, and the first elastic element 105 is used for applying the lock The force of the pin 102 along the extending direction of the locking pin 102.
  • the power pin 103 is separated from the lock pin 102 and applied to the locking pin 102 in the retracting direction, so that the locking pin 102 is in the retracted state.
  • the first elastic element 105 applies a force to the locking pin 102 in the extending direction, and the power pin 103 is engaged with the locking pin 102 so that the locking pin 102 is extended. Out of state.
  • the power pin 103 moves toward the direction away from the lock pin 102, and applies a force to the lock pin 102 in the retracting direction, so that the lock
  • the locking pin 102 will press the first elastic member 105.
  • the first elastic member 105 provides a restoring force to the locking pin 102, so that the locking pin 102 is returned for A position where the power pin 103 is engaged.
  • the power pin 103 moves toward the lock pin 102 to engage the lock pin 102 such that the lock pin 102 is in the extended state.
  • the magnetic pinch is used to control the engagement and separation of the power pin 103 and the lock pin 102, thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the lock pin 102, the control method is simple, and the control efficiency is high.
  • the lock pin 102 has an actuator portion 1021 and a connection portion 1022.
  • the connecting portion 1022 is connected to one end of the executing portion 1021 away from the cavity, the connecting portion 1022 has a second receiving cavity 1023 for receiving the power pin 103.
  • the first elastic element 105 is connected to the end of the connecting portion 1022 away from the executing portion 1021 , and the first elastic element 105 abuts between the connecting portion 1022 and the inner wall surface of the first receiving cavity 1011 , and the first elastic element 105 is applied to The force of the connecting portion 1022 in the extending direction.
  • the longitudinal direction of the connecting portion 1022 is formed at a first angle with the height direction of the power pin 103, and the first angle is equal to 90°, and the second capacity is
  • the cavity 1023 extends in the height direction of the power pin 103 to move the power pin 103 relative to the lock pin 102 in the height direction of the power pin 103.
  • the first angle may also be set to any angle greater than 0° and less than 90°.
  • the power pin 103 has a leading end and a trailing end along the height direction thereof, and the head end of the power pin 103 is embedded in the second receiving cavity 1023, the first electromagnetic induction Element 104 is provided at the trailing end of power pin 103.
  • the inner wall surface of the second accommodating cavity 1023 has a first inclined portion 1024, and the first end of the power pin 103 has a second inclined portion 1032 adapted to the first inclined portion 1024.
  • the first inclined portion 1024 is attached to the second inclined portion 1032; when the power pin 103 is separated from the lock pin 102, the second inclined portion 1032 is opposite to the first inclined portion. 1024 moves downward and applies a force to the locking pin 102 in the retracting direction to bring the locking pin 102 into a retracted state.
  • the cooperation of the first inclined portion 1024 and the second inclined portion 1032 is skillfully utilized, and when the power pin 103 moves in a direction away from the lock pin 102, the first inclined portion 1024 is opposite to the second inclined portion 1032.
  • the sliding force applied to the second inclined portion 1032 by the first inclined portion 1024 can be decomposed into a component force in the retracting direction, and the locking pin 102 is retracted by the component force.
  • the inner wall surface of the second accommodating cavity 1023 further has a recessed portion 1025, and the leading end of the power pin 103 has a projection adapted to the recessed portion 1025.
  • the first accommodating cavity 1023 has two first inclined portions 1024 on the inner wall surface, and the two first inclined portions 1024 are oppositely disposed on opposite sides of the recessed portion 1025.
  • the recessed portion 1025 can limit the power pin 103 to facilitate the reliable engagement of the power pin 103 and the lock pin 102, thereby contributing to the stable extension of the lock pin 102, thereby Helps achieve reliable locking of the lock shaft.
  • the first electromagnetic induction element 104 is embedded in the trailing end of the power pin 103.
  • the arrangement is such that the first electromagnetic induction element 104 does not take up extra space outside the power pin 103, which is advantageous for improving space utilization. In addition, it is also advantageous to protect the first electromagnetic induction element 104.
  • the tail end of the power pin 103 is sleeved with a second elastic member 106, and the second elastic member 106 applies a force to the power pin 103 in a direction close to the connecting portion 1022;
  • the force applied by the second elastic member 106 to the power pin 103 is greater than the force of the power pin 103.
  • the force applied by the second elastic member 106 to the power pin 103 can cause the power pin 103 not to fall under the action of gravity, thereby being able to further improve The reliability of the power pin 103 engaging the lock pin 102.
  • the secondary locking mechanism 10 further includes a second lower housing 107 connected to the bottom of the first lower housing 101, the second lower housing
  • the body 107 has a third accommodating cavity 1071.
  • the third accommodating cavity 1071 is in communication with the first accommodating cavity 1011, and the power pin 103 is located in the third accommodating cavity 1071.
  • a second angle is formed between a central axis of the second lower casing 107 and a central axis of the first lower casing 101, and the second angle is equal to the first angle.
  • the outer wall surface of the power pin 103 is provided with a blocking portion 1031 at a position corresponding to both ends of the second elastic member 106, with reference to FIGS. 4-6 and 8 in the first embodiment.
  • the second elastic member 106 is interposed between the two blocking portions 1031. That is, in the present embodiment, the second elastic member 106 is entirely sleeved on the outer wall surface of the power pin 103, and the second elastic member 106 is a spring.
  • the main function of the blocking portion 1031 is to position the second elastic member 106 to restrict the movement of the second elastic member 106 in the height direction of the power pin 103.
  • the second elastic member 106 may also be partially sleeved on the outer wall surface of the power pin 103, and the other portion abuts against the second lower casing 107, that is, the outer wall surface of the power pin 103 and A blocking portion 1031 is disposed at a position corresponding to one end of the two elastic members 106, and the second elastic member 106 is interposed between the blocking portion 1031 and the second lower casing 107.
  • the secondary locking mechanism 10 further includes an upper housing 108 that is press-fitted and detachably coupled to the first lower housing 101.
  • the upper housing 108 can fix and protect the lock pin 102, the power pin 103, and the like.
  • the upper housing 108 has a fourth receiving cavity 1081, a first sensor 1082 is disposed in the fourth receiving cavity 1081, and a second electromagnetic sensing component 1026 is disposed on the executing portion 1021.
  • the first sensor 1082 acts on the second electromagnetic induction element 1026 to detect that the executing portion 1021 is in the extended state.
  • a second sensor 1083 is further disposed in the fourth accommodating cavity 1081, and the second sensor 1083 acts on the second electromagnetic sensing element 1026 to detect that the executing portion 1021 is in the retracted state.
  • the second sensor 1083 is closer to the power pin 103 than the first sensor 1082.
  • the first sensor 1082, the second sensor 2083 and the second electromagnetic induction element 1026 can reliably detect when the locking pin 102 is in the extended state and the retracted state, which is beneficial to unlock the battery pack by the primary locking mechanism 20. And lock.
  • the first electromagnetic induction element 104 and the second electromagnetic induction element 1026 are both magnetic steel.
  • the locking system includes a plurality of secondary locking mechanisms, and a plurality of secondary locking mechanisms are used to uniformly press against the top of the locking link.
  • the secondary locking mechanism uses the electromagnetic attraction power pin to realize the extension and retraction of the locking pin, and the extension and retraction of the locking pin are in the same linear direction.
  • other driving methods non-electromagnetic driving methods
  • non-electromagnetic driving methods may be used to realize the extension and retraction of the locking pin, and the action path of the locking pin may be set as a curve, or other non-locking pins may be used.
  • Structures, such as a crank mechanism, a rocker mechanism enable switching of the secondary locking mechanism between the first position and the second position.
  • the primary locking mechanism 20 includes three locking bases 202, three locking tongues 2011 connected to the locking link 201, three locking tongues 2011 and three
  • the lock bases 202 are arranged one by one.
  • An unlocking block 203 is further disposed on a side of the lock link 201 facing the lock base 202.
  • the unlocking block 203 is an arc-shaped protrusion formed outwardly from the lock link 201.
  • the top of the unlocking block 203 is recessed toward the lock link 201. Inner arc slot.
  • the secondary locking mechanism acts on the middle of the lock link to improve the stability of the lock link, and is beneficial to improving the reliability of the secondary lock mechanism acting on the primary lock mechanism, thereby It is beneficial to improve the locking reliability of the primary locking mechanism to the battery pack.

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Abstract

一种锁止机构，包括锁基座，所述锁基座设有开口及自所述开口延伸的空腔，所述开口用于供安装于所述电池包的锁轴进入所述空腔，所述锁止机构还包括：锁止组件，所述锁止组件连接于所述锁基座中与所述锁轴相对的一侧，所述锁止组件能够相对于所述锁基座运动，并自所述锁基座中与所述锁轴相对的一侧伸入所述空腔或退出所述空腔；其中，当所述锁止组件伸入所述空腔时，所述锁止组件能够阻止所述锁轴从所述开口离开所述空腔；当所述锁止组件退出所述空腔时，所述锁止组件能够允许所述锁轴自所述开口离开所述空腔。该锁止机构可以防止现有电池包安装锁止易失效，进而易导致电池包松动或脱落的问题，增强了对电池包的锁止可靠性。同时还公开了包括上述锁止机构的锁止系统、快换支架组件及电动汽车。

Description

锁止机构、锁止系统、快换支架组件及电动汽车
本申请要求申请日为2017年12月29日的中国专利申请CN201711486906.9和CN201711482898.0的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明涉及电动汽车的换电领域，特别一种锁止机构、锁止系统、快换支架组件及电动汽车。
背景技术
现有的电动车的电池包安装方式一般分为固定式和可换式，其中固定式的电池包一般固定在汽车上，充电时直接以汽车作为充电对象。而可换式的电池包，一般采用活动安装的方式，电池包可以随时取下并更换新的电池包。
在更换新的电池包的过程中，涉及到电池包的锁止和解锁。一般而言，电池包的左右两侧安装有锁轴；锁止装置固定在快换支架上以组装成快换支架组件，快换支架组件再一并安装到电动车的底盘上；锁轴与锁止装置配合，实现电池包的锁止。
现有的锁止装置中用到的锁止机构通常为一级锁止机构，一级锁止机构包括锁基座和锁舌，其中通过锁舌在锁基座内的旋转来实现一级锁止机构在锁止状态和解锁状态之间的切换。其中，锁舌的大部分结构甚至是全部结构需要位于锁基座内，占用的空间较大。另外，现有的锁止装置中缺少对一级锁止机构的保护机构，一级锁止机构易失效，进而易导致电池包松动或脱落。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术中的上述缺陷，提供一种锁止机构、锁止系统、快换支架组件及电动汽车。
一种锁止机构，用于电池包的锁止固定，所述锁止机构包括锁基座，所述锁基座设有开口及自所述开口延伸的空腔，所述开口用于供安装于所述电池包的锁轴进入所述空腔，其特点在于，所述锁止机构还包括：
锁止组件，所述锁止组件连接于所述锁基座中与所述锁轴相对的一侧，所述锁止组件能够相对于所述锁基座运动，并自所述锁基座中与所述锁轴相对的一侧伸入所述空腔或退出所述空腔；
其中，当所述锁止组件伸入所述空腔时，所述锁止组件能够阻止所述锁轴从所述开口离开所述空腔；
当所述锁止组件退出所述空腔时，所述锁止组件能够允许所述锁轴自所述开口离开所述空腔。
在本方案中，锁止组件自锁基座与锁轴相对的一侧作用于锁轴，以阻止或允许锁轴离开空腔，锁止组件在锁基座内占用的空间较少，有效地减少了对锁基座内部空间的要求。
较佳地，所述锁止组件包括：
第一下壳体，所述第一下壳体可拆卸连接所述锁基座中与所述锁轴相对的一侧面，所述第一下壳体的内部具有第一容置腔，所述下壳体的侧壁具有与所述第一容置腔相连通的贯穿孔；
锁销，所述锁销位于所述第一容置腔内，且所述锁销穿设于所述贯穿孔，并能够在一伸出状态和一缩回状态之间切换，以伸入所述空腔或退出所述空腔；
其中，所述锁销处于所述伸出状态时，所述锁销伸入所述空腔；
所述锁销处于所述缩回状态时，所述锁销退出所述空腔。
较佳地，所述锁止组件还包括：
动力销，所述动力销作用于所述锁销，所述动力销能够相对于所述锁销运动，以与所述锁销相接合或相分离；
第一电磁感应元件，所述第一电磁感应元件设于所述动力销，所述第一电磁感应元件用于在外部电磁设备的作用下，带动所述动力销施加给所述锁销沿所述锁销的缩回方向的作用力；
第一弹性元件，所述第一弹性元件连接于所述锁销远离所述空腔的一端，所述第一弹性元件抵接于所述锁销与所述第一容置腔的内壁面之间，所述第一弹性元件用于施加给所述锁销沿所述锁销的伸出方向的作用力；
其中，当所述第一电磁感应元件与所述外部电磁设备吸合时，所述动力销与所述锁销相分离，并施加给所述锁销沿所述缩回方向的作用力，以使所述锁销处于所述缩回状态；
当所述第一电磁感应元件与所述外部电磁设备分离时，所述第一弹性元件施加给所述锁销沿所述伸出方向的作用力，所述动力销与所述锁销相接合，以使所述锁销处于所述伸出状态。
在本方案中，当第一电磁感应元件与外部电磁设备吸合时，动力销朝着远离锁销的 方向运动，并施加给锁销沿缩回方向的作用力，使得锁销缩回，锁销会挤压第一弹性元件，当动力销与锁销完全分离后，第一弹性元件向锁销提供回复力，使得锁销回到用于与动力销接合的位置。当第一电磁感应元件与外部电磁设备分离时，动力销朝着靠近锁销的方向运动，以与锁销接合，使得锁销处于伸出状态。另外，在本方案中，采用磁性吸合的方式来控制动力销与锁销的接合与分离，进而控制锁销的伸出与缩回，控制方法简单，且控制效率较高。
较佳地，所述锁销具有：
执行部；
连接部，所述连接部连接于所述执行部远离所述空腔的一端，所述连接部具有第二容置腔，所述第二容置腔用于容置所述动力销；
其中，所述第一弹性元件连接于所述连接部远离所述执行部的一端，所述第一弹性元件抵接于所述连接部与所述第一容置腔的内壁面之间，所述第一弹性元件施加给所述连接部沿所述伸出方向的作用力。
在本方案中，当动力销与锁销接合时，动力销靠近锁销的一端卡合于第二容置腔，属于内嵌式连接，占用的空间较少。
较佳地，所述连接部的长度方向与所述动力销的高度方向形成有第一夹角，且所述第一夹角大于0°且小于或等于90°；
所述第二容置腔沿所述动力销的高度方向延伸，以使所述动力销相对于所述锁销沿所述动力销的高度方向运动。
较佳地，所述动力销沿其高度方向具有首端和尾端，所述动力销的首端嵌设于所述第二容置腔，所述第一电磁感应元件设于所述动力销的尾端；
所述第二容置腔的内壁面上具有第一倾斜部，所述动力销的首端具有与所述第一倾斜部相适配的第二倾斜部；
其中，所述动力销与所述锁销相接合时，所述第一倾斜部贴合于所述第二倾斜部；
当所述动力销与所述锁销相分离时，所述第二倾斜部相对于所述第一倾斜部向下运动，并施加给所述锁销沿所述缩回方向的作用力，以使所述锁销处于所述缩回状态。
在本方案中，巧妙地利用第一倾斜部和第二倾斜部的配合，当动力销朝着远离锁销的方向运动时，第一倾斜部相对于第二倾斜部滑动，第一倾斜部施加给第二倾斜部的摩擦力可以分解为一沿缩回方向的分力，在该分力的作用下，锁销缩回。
较佳地，所述第二容置腔的内壁面上还具有凹陷部，所述动力销的首端具有与所述凹陷部相适配的凸出部；
优选地，所述第二容置腔的内壁面上具有两个所述第一倾斜部，且两个所述第一倾斜部相对设置于所述凹陷部的两侧。
在本方案中，凹陷部能够对动力销起到限位作用，有助于使得动力销与锁销的可靠接合，从而有助于实现锁销的稳定伸出，从而有助于实现对锁轴的可靠锁止。
较佳地，所述第一电磁感应元件嵌设于所述动力销的尾端。在本方案中，第一电磁感应元件不会在动力销的外部额外占用空间，有利于提高空间利用率。另外，也有利于保护第一电磁感应元件。
较佳地，所述动力销的尾端套设有第二弹性元件，所述第二弹性元件施加给所述动力销沿靠近所述连接部的方向的作用力；
优选地，所述第二弹性元件施加给所述动力销的作用力大于所述动力销的重力。
在本方案中，当动力销与锁销接合时，第二弹性元件施加给动力销的作用力，能够使得动力销不会在重力的作用下掉落，从而能够进一步提高动力销与锁销接合的可靠性。当需要动力销朝着靠近锁销的方向运动时，第二弹性元件施加给动力销的作用力能够克服动力销的重力，从而使得动力销能够较为可靠地朝着靠近锁销的方向运动。
较佳地，所述动力销的外壁面上与所述第二弹性元件的两端相对应的位置处均设有阻挡部，所述第二弹性元件卡设于两所述阻挡部之间；
和/或，所述第二弹性元件为弹簧。
在本方案中，阻挡部的主要作用是对第二弹性元件进行定位，以限制第二弹性元件沿动力销的高度方向的运动。
较佳地，所述锁止组件还包括：
第二下壳体，所述第二下壳体连接于所述第一下壳体的底部，所述第二下壳体具有第三容置腔，所述第三容置腔与所述第一容置腔相连通，所述动力销位于所述第三容置腔内；
其中，所述动力销的外壁面上与所述第二弹性元件的一端相对应的位置处设有阻挡部，所述第二弹性元件卡设于所述阻挡部与所述第二下壳体之间；
和/或，所述第二弹性元件为弹簧。
较佳地，所述锁止组件还包括：
上壳体，所述上壳体压设于并可拆卸连接于所述第一下壳体。在本方案中，上壳体能够对锁销、动力销等起到固定和保护作用。
较佳地，所述上壳体具有第四容置腔，所述第四容置腔内设有第一传感器；
所述执行部上设有第二电磁感应元件；
其中，所述第一传感器作用于所述第二电磁感应元件，以检测所述执行部处于所述伸出状态；
所述第四容置腔内还设有第二传感器，所述第二传感器作用于所述第二电磁感应元件，以检测所述执行部处于所述缩回状态；
所述第二电磁感应元件为磁钢。
在本方案中，与第一传感器相比，第二传感器更靠近动力销。
较佳地，所述第一电磁感应元件为磁钢。
一种锁止系统，用于电池包，所述锁止系统包括一级锁止机构，所述一级锁止机构具有锁止联动部和锁基座，所述锁基座设有一开口以及自所述开口延伸的一空腔，所述开口用于供安装于所述电池包的锁轴进入所述空腔，所述锁止联动部相对所述锁基座移动以打开或关闭所述开口，以解锁或锁止所述电池包，其特点在于，所述锁止系统还包括：
二级锁止机构，所述二级锁止机构设于所述锁止联动部的移动路径上，用于限制所述锁止联动部相对于所述锁基座的运动，以锁止所述电池包。
在本方案中，二级锁止机构能够限制锁止联动部相对于锁基座的运动，从而能够提高一级锁止机构的可靠性，减少或避免电池包脱落的现象的发生。
较佳地，所述锁止联动部包括锁舌和锁连杆，所述锁舌连接于所述锁连杆并能够相对于所述锁基座旋转，所述锁连杆用于在外力作用下带动所述锁舌旋转以解锁或锁止所述电池包；
所述二级锁止机构能够相对于所述锁连杆在第一位置和第二位置之间移动；
其中，当所述二级锁止机构位于所述第一位置时，所述二级锁止机构作用于所述锁连杆，以限制所述锁连杆相对于所述锁基座的运动；
当所述二级锁止机构位于所述第二位置时，所述二级锁止机构与所述锁连杆脱离，以允许所述锁连杆相对于所述锁基座的运动。
在本方案中，二级锁止机构作用于锁连杆既可以通过二级锁止机构的一部分压设于锁连杆的顶部实现，也可以通过二级锁止机构的一部分抵接于锁连杆的侧面实现。
较佳地，所述二级锁止机构设置于所述锁基座中与所述电池包的锁轴相对的一侧；
所述二级锁止机构包括：
第一下壳体，所述第一下壳体可拆卸连接于所述锁基座中与所述锁轴相对的一侧面，所述第一下壳体的内部具有第一容置腔，所述下壳体的侧壁具有与所述第一容置腔相连通的贯穿孔；
锁销，所述锁销位于所述第一容置腔内，且所述锁销穿设于所述贯穿孔，并能够在一伸出状态和一缩回状态之间切换；
其中，所述锁销处于所述伸出状态时，所述锁销位于所述第一位置；
所述锁销处于所述缩回状态时，所述锁销位于所述第二位置。
在本方案中，通过控制锁销的伸出和缩回来实现锁销在第一位置和第二位置之间的切换，结构简单，便于实现。
较佳地，所述二级锁止机构还包括：
动力销，所述动力销作用于所述锁销，所述动力销能够相对于所述锁销运动，以与所述锁销相接合或相分离；
第一电磁感应元件，所述第一电磁感应元件设于所述动力销，所述第一电磁感应元件用于在外部电磁设备的作用下，带动所述动力销施加给所述锁销沿所述锁销的缩回方向的作用力；
第一弹性元件，所述第一弹性元件连接于所述锁销远离所述空腔的一端，所述第一弹性元件抵接于所述锁销与所述第一容置腔的内壁面之间，所述第一弹性元件用于施加给所述锁销沿所述锁销的伸出方向的作用力；
其中，当所述第一电磁感应元件与所述外部电磁设备吸合时，所述动力销与所述锁销相分离，并施加给所述锁销沿所述缩回方向的作用力，以使所述锁销处于所述缩回状态；
当所述第一电磁感应元件与所述外部电磁设备分离时，所述第一弹性元件施加给所述锁销沿所述伸出方向的作用力，所述动力销与所述锁销相接合，以使所述锁销处于所述伸出状态。
较佳地，所述二级锁止机构用于压设于所述锁连杆的中部。
在本方案中，二级锁止机构作用在锁连杆的中部有利于提高锁连杆的稳定性，有利于提高二级锁止机构作用在一级锁止机构上的可靠性，从而有利于提高一级锁止机构对电池包的锁止可靠性。
较佳地，所述一级锁止机构包括三个所述锁基座，所述锁连杆上连接有三个所述锁舌，三个所述锁舌与三个所述锁基座一一对应设置；
和/或，所述锁连杆朝向所述锁基座的一侧还设有解锁块，所述解锁块为自所述锁连杆向外形成的弧形凸起，所述解锁块的顶部为向所述锁连杆凹进的内弧槽；
和/或，所述锁止系统包括多个所述二级锁止机构，且多个所述二级锁止机构用于均匀压设于所述锁连杆的顶部。
本发明还提供一种快换支架组件，其特点在于，其包括快换支架和如上所述的锁止系统，所述锁基座和所述二级锁止机构分别连接于所述快换支架的同一边的相对两侧。
本发明还提供一种快换支架组件，其特点在于，其包括快换支架和如上所述的锁止系统，所述锁基座和所述二级锁止机构分别连接于所述快换支架的同一边的相对两侧；
所述快换支架上设有通孔，所述锁销通过所述通孔在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间切换。
本发明还提供一种快换支架组件，用于安装电池包，其特点在于，所述快换支架组件包括快换支架和如上所述的锁止机构，所述锁基座和所述锁止组件分别连接于所述快换支架的同一边的相对两侧，所述快换支架上设有供所述锁止组件伸出或缩回的通道。
本发明还提供一种电动汽车，其特点在于，其包括电池包和如上所述的快换支架组件，所述电池包安装于所述快换支架，所述锁基座连接于所述快换支架靠近所述电池包的一侧。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的锁止机构的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例1的锁止机构的另一位置状态的结构示意图。
图3为本发明实施例1的锁止机构中锁止组件的整体结构示意图。
图4为本发明实施例1的锁止机构中锁止组件的截面结构示意图，其中，锁销处于伸出状态。
图5为本发明实施例1的锁止组件的分解结构示意图。
图6为本发明实施例1的锁止组件的另一截面结构示意图，其中，锁销处于缩回状态。
图7为本发明实施例1的锁止组件中锁销的结构示意图。
图8为本发明实施例1的锁止组件中动力销的结构示意图。
图9为本发明实施例2的快换支架组件的部分结构示意图。
图10为本发明实施例2的锁止系统中一级锁止机构的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
实施例1和实施例2共用
101第一下壳体；1011第一容置腔；1012贯穿孔；102锁销；1021执行部；1022连接部；1023第二容置腔；1024第一倾斜部；1025凹陷部；1026第二电磁感应元件； 103动力销；1031阻挡部；1032第二倾斜部；104第一电磁感应元件；105第一弹性元件；106第二弹性元件；107第二下壳体；1071第三容置腔；108上壳体；1081第四容置腔；1082第一传感器；1083第二传感器
实施例1
10锁止组件；20锁轴；30锁基座；40连接板
实施例2
10二级锁止机构；20一级锁止机构；201锁止联动部；2011锁舌；2012锁连杆；202锁基座；203解锁块；30快换支架；301通孔
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在的实施例范围之中。
实施例1
本实施例揭示一种锁止机构，该锁止机构用于电池包的锁止固定。如图1和图2所示，锁止机构包括锁基座30，锁基座30设有开口及自开口延伸的空腔，开口用于供安装于电池包的锁轴20进入空腔。锁止机构还包括锁止组件10。锁止组件10连接于锁基座30中与锁轴20相对的一侧，锁止组件10能够相对于锁基座30运动，并自锁基座30中与锁轴20相对的一侧伸入空腔或退出空腔。其中，当锁止组件10伸入空腔时，锁止组件10能够阻止锁轴20从开口离开空腔；当锁止组件10退出空腔时，锁止组件10能够允许锁轴20自开口离开空腔。
在本实施方式中，锁止组件10自锁基座30与锁轴20相对的一侧作用于锁轴20，以阻止或允许锁轴20离开空腔，锁止组件10在锁基座30内占用的空间较少，有效地减少了对锁基座30内部空间的要求。
需要说明的是，图1和图2中示意出了连接板40，在本实施方式中，锁止组件10通过连接板40连接到锁基座30上。将锁止机构装到快换支架上时，连接板实际上便为快换支架的侧壁。
参照图2-6予以理解，锁止组件10包括第一下壳体101和锁销102。第一下壳体101可拆卸连接锁基座30中与锁轴20相对的一侧面，第一下壳体101的内部具有第一容置腔1011，下壳体的侧壁具有与第一容置腔1011相连通的贯穿孔1012。锁销102位于第一容置腔1011内，且锁销102穿设于贯穿孔1012，并能够在一伸出状态和一缩回状态之间切换，以伸入空腔或退出空腔。其中，锁销102处于伸出状态时，锁销102伸入空腔； 锁销102处于缩回状态时，锁销102退出空腔。
参照图2-6予以理解，锁止组件10还包括动力销103、第一电磁感应元件104和第一弹性元件105。动力销103作用于锁销102，动力销103能够相对于锁销102运动，以与锁销102相接合或相分离。第一电磁感应元件104设于动力销103，第一电磁感应元件104用于在外部电磁设备的作用下，带动动力销103施加给锁销102沿锁销102的缩回方向的作用力。第一弹性元件105连接于锁销102远离空腔的一端，第一弹性元件105抵接于锁销102与第一容置腔1011的内壁面之间，第一弹性元件105用于施加给锁销102沿锁销102的伸出方向的作用力。其中，当第一电磁感应元件104与外部电磁设备吸合时，动力销103与锁销102相分离，并施加给锁销102沿缩回方向的作用力，以使锁销102处于缩回状态；当第一电磁感应元件104与外部电磁设备分离时，第一弹性元件105施加给锁销102沿伸出方向的作用力，动力销103与锁销102相接合，以使锁销102处于伸出状态。
在本实施方式中，当第一电磁感应元件104与外部电磁设备吸合时，动力销103朝着远离锁销102的方向运动，并施加给锁销102沿缩回方向的作用力，使得锁销102缩回，锁销102会挤压第一弹性元件105，当动力销103与锁销102完全分离后，第一弹性元件105向锁销102提供回复力，使得锁销102回到用于与动力销103接合的位置。当第一电磁感应元件104与外部电磁设备分离时，动力销103朝着靠近锁销102的方向运动，以与锁销102接合，使得锁销102处于伸出状态。另外，在本方案中，采用磁性吸合的方式来控制动力销103与锁销102的接合与分离，进而控制锁销102的伸出与缩回，控制方法简单，且控制效率较高。
参照图3-7予以理解，锁销102具有执行部1021和连接部1022。连接部1022连接于执行部1021远离空腔的一端，连接部1022具有第二容置腔1023，第二容置腔1023用于容置动力销103。其中，第一弹性元件105连接于连接部1022远离执行部1021的一端，第一弹性元件105抵接于连接部1022与第一容置腔1011的内壁面之间，第一弹性元件105施加给连接部1022沿伸出方向的作用力。当动力销103与锁销102接合时，动力销103靠近锁销102的一端卡合于第二容置腔1023，属于内嵌式连接，占用的空间较少。
本实施方式中，如图3-6所示，连接部1022的长度方向与动力销103的高度方向形成有第一夹角，且第一夹角等于90°，第二容置腔1023沿动力销103的高度方向延伸，以使动力销103相对于锁销102沿动力销103的高度方向运动。
需要说明的是，在其他可替代的实施方式中，第一夹角也可设置为大于0°且小于90° 之间的任意角度。
参照图3-6和图8予以理解，动力销103沿其高度方向具有首端和尾端，动力销103的首端嵌设于第二容置腔1023，第一电磁感应元件104设于动力销103的尾端。第二容置腔1023的内壁面上具有第一倾斜部1024，动力销103的首端具有与第一倾斜部1024相适配的第二倾斜部1032。其中，动力销103与锁销102相接合时，第一倾斜部1024贴合于第二倾斜部1032；当动力销103与锁销102相分离时，第二倾斜部1032相对于第一倾斜部1024向下运动，并施加给锁销102沿缩回方向的作用力，以使锁销102处于缩回状态。
在本实施方式中，巧妙地利用第一倾斜部1024和第二倾斜部1032的配合，当动力销103朝着远离锁销102的方向运动时，第一倾斜部1024相对于第二倾斜部1032滑动，第一倾斜部1024施加给第二倾斜部1032的摩擦力可以分解为一沿缩回方向的分力，在该分力的作用下，锁销102缩回。
参照图5和图8予以理解，第二容置腔1023的内壁面上还具有凹陷部1025，动力销103的首端具有与凹陷部1025相适配的凸出部。第二容置腔1023的内壁面上具有两个第一倾斜部1024，且两个第一倾斜部1024相对设置于凹陷部1025的两侧。
在本实施方式中，凹陷部1025能够对动力销103起到限位作用，有助于使得动力销103与锁销102的可靠接合，从而有助于实现锁销102的稳定伸出，从而有助于实现对锁轴20的可靠锁止。
参照图4予以理解，第一电磁感应元件104嵌设于动力销103的尾端。如此设置使得第一电磁感应元件104不会在动力销103的外部额外占用空间，有利于提高空间利用率。另外，也有利于保护第一电磁感应元件104。
继续参照图3-6予以理解，动力销103的尾端套设有第二弹性元件106，第二弹性元件106施加给动力销103沿靠近连接部1022的方向的作用力；其中第二弹性元件106施加给动力销103的作用力大于动力销103的重力。在本实施方式中，当动力销103与锁销102接合时，第二弹性元件106施加给动力销103的作用力，能够使得动力销103不会在重力的作用下掉落，从而能够进一步提高动力销103与锁销102接合的可靠性。当需要动力销103朝着靠近锁销102的方向运动时，第二弹性元件106施加给动力销103的作用力能够克服动力销103的重力，从而使得动力销103能够较为可靠地朝着靠近锁销102的方向运动。
继续参照图2-6予以理解，锁止组件10还包括第二下壳体107，第二下壳体107连接于第一下壳体101的底部，第二下壳体107具有第三容置腔1071，第三容置腔1071 与第一容置腔1011相连通，动力销103位于第三容置腔1071内。第二下壳体107的中心轴线与第一下壳体101的中心轴线之间形成有第二夹角，第二夹角等于第一夹角。
在本实施方式中，参照图4-6和图8予以理解，动力销103的外壁面上与第二弹性元件106的两端相对应的位置处均设有阻挡部1031，第二弹性元件106卡设于两阻挡部1031之间。也就是说，在本实施方式中，第二弹性元件106整体套设在动力销103的外壁面，且第二弹性元件106为弹簧。其中，阻挡部1031的主要作用是对第二弹性元件106进行定位，以限制第二弹性元件106沿动力销103的高度方向的运动。
在其他可替代的实施方式中，第二弹性元件106也可以一部分套设在动力销103的外壁面、另一部分抵接与第二下壳体107，即，动力销103的外壁面上与第二弹性元件106的一端相对应的位置处设有阻挡部1031，第二弹性元件106卡设于阻挡部1031与第二下壳体107之间。具体地，第二弹性元件106的一端抵靠在动力销103的首端的阻挡部，第二弹性元件106的另一端抵靠在靠近动力销103的尾端的第二下壳体107的底面上，且此时第二弹性元件106处于弹性压缩状态，以向动力销103施加靠近所锁销102的方向的作用力。
继续参照图2-6予以理解，锁止组件10还包括上壳体108，上壳体108压设于并可拆卸连接于第一下壳体101。上壳体108能够对锁销102、动力销103等起到固定和保护作用。上壳体108具有第四容置腔1081，第四容置腔1081内设有第一传感器1082，执行部1021上设有第二电磁感应元件1026。其中，第一传感器1082作用于第二电磁感应元件1026，以检测执行部1021处于伸出状态。第四容置腔1081内还设有第二传感器1083，第二传感器1083作用于第二电磁感应元件1026，以检测执行部1021处于缩回状态。其中，与第一传感器1082相比，第二传感器1083更靠近动力销103。
另外，在本实施方式中，第一电磁感应元件104和第二电磁感应元件1026均为磁钢。
本实施例还提供一种快换支架组件，用于安装电池包。快换支架组件包括快换支架和如上的锁止机构，锁基座和锁止组件分别连接于快换支架的同一边的相对两侧，快换支架上设有供锁止组件伸出或缩回的通道。
本实施例还提供一种电动汽车，其包括电池包和如上的快换支架组件，电池包安装于快换支架，锁基座连接于快换支架靠近电池包的一侧。
在该锁止机构中，锁止组件自锁基座与锁轴相对的一侧作用于锁轴，以阻止或允许锁轴离开空腔，锁止组件在锁基座内占用的空间较少，有效地减少了对锁基座内部空间的要求。
实施例2
本实施例揭示一种锁止系统及包含其的快换支架组件，用于实现电动汽车上的电池包的解锁和锁止。其中，快换支架组件包括快换支架和锁止系统，快换支架安装在电动汽车的底盘上。
参照图1和图2予以理解，锁止系统包括一级锁止机构20和二级锁止机构10。其中，一级锁止机构20具有锁止联动部201和锁基座202，锁基座202设有一开口以及自所述开口延伸的一空腔，所述开口用于供安装于所述电池包的锁轴(图中未标示出)进入所述空腔，所述锁止联动部相对所述锁基座移动以打开或关闭所述开口，以解锁或锁止所述电池包。二级锁止机构10设于锁止联动部201的移动路径上，用于限制锁止联动部201相对于锁基座202的运动，以锁止所述电池包。锁基座202和二级锁止机构分别连接于快换支架30的同一边的相对两侧。
在本实施方式中，二级锁止机构能够限制锁止联动部相对于锁基座的运动，从而能够提高一级锁止机构的可靠性，减少或避免电池包脱落的现象的发生。
继续参照图1和图2予以理解，锁止联动部201包括锁舌2011和锁连杆2012，锁舌2011连接于锁连杆2012并能够相对于锁基座202旋转，锁连杆2012用于在外力作用下带动锁舌2011旋转以解锁或锁止所述电池包。二级锁止机构10能够相对于锁连杆2012在第一位置和第二位置之间移动。其中，当二级锁止机构10位于所述第一位置时，二级锁止机构10作用于锁连杆2012，以限制锁连杆2012相对于锁基座202的运动；当二级锁止机构10位于所述第二位置时，二级锁止机构10与锁连杆2012脱离，以允许锁连杆2012相对于锁基座202的运动。二级锁止机构10设置于锁基座202中与所述电池包的锁轴相对的一侧。
在本实施方式中，二级锁止机构作用于锁连杆通过二级锁止机构的一部分压设于锁连杆的顶部实现。在其他可替代的实施方式中，也可以通过二级锁止机构的一部分抵接于锁连杆的侧面实现。
本实施例中的二级锁止机构与实施例1中锁止组件的结构基本相同，也就是说实施例1中的图3-8同样适用于本实施例，在此不再赘述。参照实施例1中图3-6予以理解，二级锁止机构10包括第一下壳体101和锁销102。第一下壳体101可拆卸连接锁基座30中与锁轴相对的一侧面，第一下壳体101的内部具有第一容置腔1011，下壳体的侧壁具有与第一容置腔1011相连通的贯穿孔1012。锁销102位于第一容置腔1011内，且锁销102穿设于贯穿孔1012，并能够在一伸出状态和一缩回状态之间切换。其中，锁销102处于伸出状态时，锁销102位于所述第一位置；锁销102处于缩回状态时，锁销102位于所述第二位置。通过控制锁销的伸出和缩回来实现锁销在第一位置和第二位置之间的 切换，结构简单，便于实现。另外，如图1所示，快换支架30上设有通孔301，锁销102通过通孔301在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间切换。
参照实施例1中的图3-6予以理解，二级锁止机构10还包括动力销103、第一电磁感应元件104和第一弹性元件105。动力销103作用于锁销102，动力销103能够相对于锁销102运动，以与锁销102相接合或相分离。第一电磁感应元件104设于动力销103，第一电磁感应元件104用于在外部电磁设备的作用下，带动动力销103施加给锁销102沿锁销102的缩回方向的作用力。第一弹性元件105连接于锁销102远离空腔的一端，第一弹性元件105抵接于锁销102与第一容置腔1011的内壁面之间，第一弹性元件105用于施加给锁销102沿锁销102的伸出方向的作用力。其中，当第一电磁感应元件104与外部电磁设备吸合时，动力销103与锁销102相分离，并施加给锁销102沿缩回方向的作用力，以使锁销102处于缩回状态；当第一电磁感应元件104与外部电磁设备分离时，第一弹性元件105施加给锁销102沿伸出方向的作用力，动力销103与锁销102相接合，以使锁销102处于伸出状态。
在本实施方式中，当第一电磁感应元件104与外部电磁设备吸合时，动力销103朝着远离锁销102的方向运动，并施加给锁销102沿缩回方向的作用力，使得锁销102缩回，锁销102会挤压第一弹性元件105，当动力销103与锁销102完全分离后，第一弹性元件105向锁销102提供回复力，使得锁销102回到用于与动力销103接合的位置。当第一电磁感应元件104与外部电磁设备分离时，动力销103朝着靠近锁销102的方向运动，以与锁销102接合，使得锁销102处于伸出状态。另外，在本方案中，采用磁性吸合的方式来控制动力销103与锁销102的接合与分离，进而控制锁销102的伸出与缩回，控制方法简单，且控制效率较高。
参照实施例1中的图3-7予以理解，锁销102具有执行部1021和连接部1022。连接部1022连接于执行部1021远离空腔的一端，连接部1022具有第二容置腔1023，第二容置腔1023用于容置动力销103。其中，第一弹性元件105连接于连接部1022远离执行部1021的一端，第一弹性元件105抵接于连接部1022与第一容置腔1011的内壁面之间，第一弹性元件105施加给连接部1022沿伸出方向的作用力。当动力销103与锁销102接合时，动力销103靠近锁销102的一端卡合于第二容置腔1023，属于内嵌式连接，占用的空间较少。
本实施方式中，如实施例1中的图3-6所示，连接部1022的长度方向与动力销103的高度方向形成有第一夹角，且第一夹角等于90°，第二容置腔1023沿动力销103的高度方向延伸，以使动力销103相对于锁销102沿动力销103的高度方向运动。
需要说明的是，在其他可替代的实施方式中，第一夹角也可设置为大于0°且小于90°之间的任意角度。
参照实施例1中的图3-6和图8予以理解，动力销103沿其高度方向具有首端和尾端，动力销103的首端嵌设于第二容置腔1023，第一电磁感应元件104设于动力销103的尾端。第二容置腔1023的内壁面上具有第一倾斜部1024，动力销103的首端具有与第一倾斜部1024相适配的第二倾斜部1032。其中，动力销103与锁销102相接合时，第一倾斜部1024贴合于第二倾斜部1032；当动力销103与锁销102相分离时，第二倾斜部1032相对于第一倾斜部1024向下运动，并施加给锁销102沿缩回方向的作用力，以使锁销102处于缩回状态。
在本实施方式中，巧妙地利用第一倾斜部1024和第二倾斜部1032的配合，当动力销103朝着远离锁销102的方向运动时，第一倾斜部1024相对于第二倾斜部1032滑动，第一倾斜部1024施加给第二倾斜部1032的摩擦力可以分解为一沿缩回方向的分力，在该分力的作用下，锁销102缩回。
参照实施例1中的图5和图8予以理解，第二容置腔1023的内壁面上还具有凹陷部1025，动力销103的首端具有与凹陷部1025相适配的凸出部。第二容置腔1023的内壁面上具有两个第一倾斜部1024，且两个第一倾斜部1024相对设置于凹陷部1025的两侧。
在本实施方式中，凹陷部1025能够对动力销103起到限位作用，有助于使得动力销103与锁销102的可靠接合，从而有助于实现锁销102的稳定伸出，从而有助于实现对锁轴的可靠锁止。
参照实施例1中的图4予以理解，第一电磁感应元件104嵌设于动力销103的尾端。如此设置使得第一电磁感应元件104不会在动力销103的外部额外占用空间，有利于提高空间利用率。另外，也有利于保护第一电磁感应元件104。
继续参照实施例1中的图3-6予以理解，动力销103的尾端套设有第二弹性元件106，第二弹性元件106施加给动力销103沿靠近连接部1022的方向的作用力；其中第二弹性元件106施加给动力销103的作用力大于动力销103的重力。在本实施方式中，当动力销103与锁销102接合时，第二弹性元件106施加给动力销103的作用力，能够使得动力销103不会在重力的作用下掉落，从而能够进一步提高动力销103与锁销102接合的可靠性。当需要动力销103朝着靠近锁销102的方向运动时，第二弹性元件106施加给动力销103的作用力能够克服动力销103的重力，从而使得动力销103能够较为可靠地朝着靠近锁销102的方向运动。
继续参照实施例1中的图2-6予以理解，二级锁止机构10还包括第二下壳体107， 第二下壳体107连接于第一下壳体101的底部，第二下壳体107具有第三容置腔1071，第三容置腔1071与第一容置腔1011相连通，动力销103位于第三容置腔1071内。第二下壳体107的中心轴线与第一下壳体101的中心轴线之间形成有第二夹角，第二夹角等于第一夹角。
在本实施方式中，参照实施例1中的图4-6和图8予以理解，动力销103的外壁面上与第二弹性元件106的两端相对应的位置处均设有阻挡部1031，第二弹性元件106卡设于两阻挡部1031之间。也就是说，在本实施方式中，第二弹性元件106整体套设在动力销103的外壁面，且第二弹性元件106为弹簧。其中，阻挡部1031的主要作用是对第二弹性元件106进行定位，以限制第二弹性元件106沿动力销103的高度方向的运动。
在其他可替代的实施方式中，第二弹性元件106也可以一部分套设在动力销103的外壁面、另一部分抵接与第二下壳体107，即，动力销103的外壁面上与第二弹性元件106的一端相对应的位置处设有阻挡部1031，第二弹性元件106卡设于阻挡部1031与第二下壳体107之间。
继续参照实施例1中的图2-6予以理解，二级锁止机构10还包括上壳体108，上壳体108压设于并可拆卸连接于第一下壳体101。上壳体108能够对锁销102、动力销103等起到固定和保护作用。上壳体108具有第四容置腔1081，第四容置腔1081内设有第一传感器1082，执行部1021上设有第二电磁感应元件1026。其中，第一传感器1082作用于第二电磁感应元件1026，以检测执行部1021处于伸出状态。第四容置腔1081内还设有第二传感器1083，第二传感器1083作用于第二电磁感应元件1026，以检测执行部1021处于缩回状态。其中，与第一传感器1082相比，第二传感器1083更靠近动力销103。通过第一传感器1082、第二传感器2083与第二电磁感应元件1026能够可靠地检测到锁销102何时处于伸出状态、缩回状态，有利于实现一级锁止机构20对电池包的解锁和锁止。另外，在本实施方式中，第一电磁感应元件104和第二电磁感应元件1026均为磁钢。
在本实施方式中，锁止系统包括多个二级锁止机构，且多个二级锁止机构用于均匀压设于锁连杆的顶部。另外，在本实施方式中，二级锁止机构采用电磁吸合动力销的方式实现锁销的伸出和缩进，且锁销的伸出和缩进在同一直线方向上。在其他可替代的实施方式中，可以采用其他驱动方式(非电磁驱动方式)实现锁销的伸出和缩进，也可以将锁销的行动路径设置为曲线，也可以采用其他非锁销的结构，如曲柄机构、摇杆机构，来实现二级锁止机构在第一位置和第二位置之间的切换。
关于一级锁止机构，参照图1和图2予以理解，一级锁止机构20包括三个锁基座202，锁连杆201上连接有三个锁舌2011，三个锁舌2011与三个锁基座202一一对应设置。锁 连杆201朝向锁基座202的一侧还设有解锁块203，解锁块203为自锁连杆201向外形成的弧形凸起，解锁块203的顶部为向锁连杆201凹进的内弧槽。在本实施方式中，二级锁止机构作用在锁连杆的中部有利于提高锁连杆的稳定性，有利于提高二级锁止机构作用在一级锁止机构上的可靠性，从而有利于提高一级锁止机构对电池包的锁止可靠性。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这些仅是举例说明，在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改。因此，本发明的保护范围由所附权利要求书限定。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种锁止机构，用于电池包的锁止固定，所述锁止机构包括锁基座，所述锁基座设有开口及自所述开口延伸的空腔，所述开口用于供安装于所述电池包的锁轴进入所述空腔，其特征在于，所述锁止机构还包括：
    锁止组件，所述锁止组件连接于所述锁基座中与所述锁轴相对的一侧，所述锁止组件能够相对于所述锁基座运动，并自所述锁基座中与所述锁轴相对的一侧伸入所述空腔或退出所述空腔；
    其中，当所述锁止组件伸入所述空腔时，所述锁止组件能够阻止所述锁轴从所述开口离开所述空腔；
    当所述锁止组件退出所述空腔时，所述锁止组件能够允许所述锁轴自所述开口离开所述空腔。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的锁止机构，其特征在于，所述锁止组件包括：
    第一下壳体，所述第一下壳体可拆卸连接所述锁基座中与所述锁轴相对的一侧面，所述第一下壳体的内部具有第一容置腔，所述下壳体的侧壁具有与所述第一容置腔相连通的贯穿孔；
    锁销，所述锁销位于所述第一容置腔内，且所述锁销穿设于所述贯穿孔，并能够在一伸出状态和一缩回状态之间切换，以伸入所述空腔或退出所述空腔；
    其中，所述锁销处于所述伸出状态时，所述锁销伸入所述空腔；
    所述锁销处于所述缩回状态时，所述锁销退出所述空腔。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的锁止机构，其特征在于，所述锁止组件还包括：
    动力销，所述动力销作用于所述锁销，所述动力销能够相对于所述锁销运动，以与所述锁销相接合或相分离；
    第一电磁感应元件，所述第一电磁感应元件设于所述动力销，所述第一电磁感应元件用于在外部电磁设备的作用下，带动所述动力销施加给所述锁销沿所述锁销的缩回方向的作用力；
    第一弹性元件，所述第一弹性元件连接于所述锁销远离所述空腔的一端，所述第一弹性元件抵接于所述锁销与所述第一容置腔的内壁面之间，所述第一弹性元件用于施加给所述锁销沿所述锁销的伸出方向的作用力；
    其中，当所述第一电磁感应元件与所述外部电磁设备吸合时，所述动力销与所述锁销相分离，并施加给所述锁销沿所述缩回方向的作用力，以使所述锁销处于所述缩回状 态；
    当所述第一电磁感应元件与所述外部电磁设备分离时，所述第一弹性元件施加给所述锁销沿所述伸出方向的作用力，所述动力销与所述锁销相接合，以使所述锁销处于所述伸出状态；
    优选地，所述锁销具有：
    执行部；
    连接部，所述连接部连接于所述执行部远离所述空腔的一端，所述连接部具有第二容置腔，所述第二容置腔用于容置所述动力销；
    其中，所述第一弹性元件连接于所述连接部远离所述执行部的一端，所述第一弹性元件抵接于所述连接部与所述第一容置腔的内壁面之间，所述第一弹性元件施加给所述连接部沿所述伸出方向的作用力；
    优选地，所述连接部的长度方向与所述动力销的高度方向形成有第一夹角，且所述第一夹角大于0°且小于或等于90°；
    所述第二容置腔沿所述动力销的高度方向延伸，以使所述动力销相对于所述锁销沿所述动力销的高度方向运动。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的锁止机构，其特征在于，所述动力销沿其高度方向具有首端和尾端，所述动力销的首端嵌设于所述第二容置腔，所述第一电磁感应元件设于所述动力销的尾端；
    所述第二容置腔的内壁面上具有第一倾斜部，所述动力销的首端具有与所述第一倾斜部相适配的第二倾斜部；
    其中，所述动力销与所述锁销相接合时，所述第一倾斜部贴合于所述第二倾斜部；
    当所述动力销与所述锁销相分离时，所述第二倾斜部相对于所述第一倾斜部向下运动，并施加给所述锁销沿所述缩回方向的作用力，以使所述锁销处于所述缩回状态。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的锁止机构，其特征在于，所述第二容置腔的内壁面上还具有凹陷部，所述动力销的首端具有与所述凹陷部相适配的凸出部；
    优选地，所述第二容置腔的内壁面上具有两个所述第一倾斜部，且两个所述第一倾斜部相对设置于所述凹陷部的两侧；
  6. 如权利要求5所述的锁止机构，其特征在于，所述第一电磁感应元件嵌设于所述动力销的尾端；
    和/或，所述动力销的尾端套设有第二弹性元件，所述第二弹性元件施加给所述动力销沿靠近所述连接部的方向的作用力；
    优选地，所述第二弹性元件施加给所述动力销的作用力大于所述动力销的重力。
    优选地，所述动力销的外壁面上与所述第二弹性元件的两端相对应的位置处均设有阻挡部，所述第二弹性元件卡设于两所述阻挡部之间；
    和/或，所述第二弹性元件为弹簧。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的锁止机构，其特征在于，所述锁止组件还包括：
    第二下壳体，所述第二下壳体连接于所述第一下壳体的底部，所述第二下壳体具有第三容置腔，所述第三容置腔与所述第一容置腔相连通，所述动力销位于所述第三容置腔内；
    其中，所述动力销的外壁面上与所述第二弹性元件的一端相对应的位置处设有阻挡部，所述第二弹性元件卡设于所述阻挡部与所述第二下壳体之间；
    和/或，所述第二弹性元件为弹簧。
  8. 如权利要求3-7中至少一项所述的锁止机构，其特征在于，所述锁止组件还包括：
    上壳体，所述上壳体压设于并可拆卸连接于所述第一下壳体；
    优选地，所述上壳体具有第四容置腔，所述第四容置腔内设有第一传感器；
    所述执行部上设有第二电磁感应元件；
    其中，所述第一传感器作用于所述第二电磁感应元件，以检测所述执行部处于所述伸出状态；
    所述第四容置腔内还设有第二传感器，所述第二传感器作用于所述第二电磁感应元件，以检测所述执行部处于所述缩回状态；
    所述第二电磁感应元件为磁钢。
  9. 如权利要求3-8中至少一项所述的锁止机构，其特征在于，所述第一电磁感应元件为磁钢。
  10. 一种锁止系统，用于电池包，所述锁止系统包括一级锁止机构，所述一级锁止机构具有锁止联动部和锁基座，所述锁基座设有一开口以及自所述开口延伸的一空腔，所述开口用于供安装于所述电池包的锁轴进入所述空腔，所述锁止联动部相对所述锁基座移动以打开或关闭所述开口，以解锁或锁止所述电池包，其特征在于，所述锁止系统还包括：
    二级锁止机构，所述二级锁止机构设于所述锁止联动部的移动路径上，用于限制所述锁止联动部相对于所述锁基座的运动，以锁止所述电池包。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的锁止系统，其特征在于，所述锁止联动部包括锁舌和锁连杆，所述锁舌连接于所述锁连杆并能够相对于所述锁基座旋转，所述锁连杆用于在外力 作用下带动所述锁舌旋转以解锁或锁止所述电池包；
    所述二级锁止机构能够相对于所述锁连杆在第一位置和第二位置之间移动；
    其中，当所述二级锁止机构位于所述第一位置时，所述二级锁止机构作用于所述锁连杆，以限制所述锁连杆相对于所述锁基座的运动；
    当所述二级锁止机构位于所述第二位置时，所述二级锁止机构与所述锁连杆脱离，以允许所述锁连杆相对于所述锁基座的运动。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的锁止系统，其特征在于，所述二级锁止机构设置于所述锁基座中与所述电池包的锁轴相对的一侧；
    所述二级锁止机构包括：
    第一下壳体，所述第一下壳体可拆卸连接于所述锁基座中与所述锁轴相对的一侧面，所述第一下壳体的内部具有第一容置腔，所述下壳体的侧壁具有与所述第一容置腔相连通的贯穿孔；
    锁销，所述锁销位于所述第一容置腔内，且所述锁销穿设于所述贯穿孔，并能够在一伸出状态和一缩回状态之间切换；
    其中，所述锁销处于所述伸出状态时，所述锁销位于所述第一位置；
    所述锁销处于所述缩回状态时，所述锁销位于所述第二位置；
    优选地，所述二级锁止机构还包括：
    动力销，所述动力销作用于所述锁销，所述动力销能够相对于所述锁销运动，以与所述锁销相接合或相分离；
    第一电磁感应元件，所述第一电磁感应元件设于所述动力销，所述第一电磁感应元件用于在外部电磁设备的作用下，带动所述动力销施加给所述锁销沿所述锁销的缩回方向的作用力；
    第一弹性元件，所述第一弹性元件连接于所述锁销远离所述空腔的一端，所述第一弹性元件抵接于所述锁销与所述第一容置腔的内壁面之间，所述第一弹性元件用于施加给所述锁销沿所述锁销的伸出方向的作用力；
    其中，当所述第一电磁感应元件与所述外部电磁设备吸合时，所述动力销与所述锁销相分离，并施加给所述锁销沿所述缩回方向的作用力，以使所述锁销处于所述缩回状态；
    当所述第一电磁感应元件与所述外部电磁设备分离时，所述第一弹性元件施加给所述锁销沿所述伸出方向的作用力，所述动力销与所述锁销相接合，以使所述锁销处于所述伸出状态。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的锁止系统，其特征在于，所述锁销具有：
    执行部，所述执行部用于作用于所述锁连杆的顶部；
    连接部，所述连接部连接于所述执行部远离所述空腔的一端，所述连接部具有第二容置腔，所述第二容置腔用于容置所述动力销；
    其中，所述第一弹性元件连接于所述连接部远离所述执行部的一端，所述第一弹性元件抵接于所述连接部与所述第一容置腔的内壁面之间，所述第一弹性元件施加给所述连接部沿所述伸出方向的作用力；
    优选地，所述动力销沿其高度方向具有首端和尾端，所述动力销的首端嵌设于所述第二容置腔，所述第一电磁感应元件设于所述动力销的尾端；
    所述第二容置腔的内壁面上具有第一倾斜部，所述动力销的首端具有与所述第一倾斜部相适配的第二倾斜部；
    其中，所述动力销与所述锁销相接合时，所述第一倾斜部贴合于所述第二倾斜部；
    当所述动力销与所述锁销相分离时，所述第二倾斜部相对于所述第一倾斜部向下运动，并施加给所述锁销沿所述缩回方向的作用力，以使所述锁销处于所述缩回状态。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的锁止系统，其特征在于，所述动力销的尾端套设有第二弹性元件，所述第二弹性元件施加给所述动力销沿靠近所述连接部的方向的作用力；
    优选地，所述第二弹性元件施加给所述动力销的作用力大于所述动力销的重力。
  15. 如权利要求13或14所述的锁止系统，其特征在于，所述二级锁止机构还包括上壳体，所述上壳体压设于并可拆卸连接于所述第一下壳体；
    所述上壳体具有第四容置腔，所述第四容置腔内设有第一传感器；
    所述执行部上设有第二电磁感应元件；
    其中，所述第一传感器作用于所述第二电磁感应元件，以检测所述执行部处于所述伸出状态；
    优选地，所述第四容置腔内还设有第二传感器，所述第二传感器作用于所述第二电磁感应元件，以检测所述执行部处于所述缩回状态；
    优选地，所述第二电磁感应元件为磁钢。
  16. 如权利要求11-15中至少一项所述的锁止系统，其特征在于，所述二级锁止机构用于压设于所述锁连杆的中部；
    和/或，所述一级锁止机构包括三个所述锁基座，所述锁连杆上连接有三个所述锁舌，三个所述锁舌与三个所述锁基座一一对应设置；
    和/或，所述锁连杆朝向所述锁基座的一侧还设有解锁块，所述解锁块为自所述锁连 杆向外形成的弧形凸起，所述解锁块的顶部为向所述锁连杆凹进的内弧槽；
    和/或，所述锁止系统包括多个所述二级锁止机构，且多个所述二级锁止机构用于均匀压设于所述锁连杆的顶部。
  17. 一种快换支架组件，其特征在于，其包括快换支架和如权利要求10-16中任意一项所述的锁止系统，所述锁基座和所述二级锁止机构分别连接于所述快换支架的同一边的相对两侧。
  18. 一种快换支架组件，其特征在于，其包括快换支架和如权利要求12-16中任意一项所述的锁止系统，所述锁基座和所述二级锁止机构分别连接于所述快换支架的同一边的相对两侧；
    所述快换支架上设有通孔，所述锁销通过所述通孔在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间切换。
  19. 一种快换支架组件，用于安装电池包，其特征在于，所述快换支架组件包括快换支架和如权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的锁止机构，所述锁基座和所述锁止组件分别连接于所述快换支架的同一边的相对两侧，所述快换支架上设有供所述锁止组件伸出或缩回的通道。
  20. 一种电动汽车，其特征在于，其包括电池包和如权利要求19所述的快换支架组件，所述电池包安装于所述快换支架，所述锁基座连接于所述快换支架靠近所述电池包的一侧。
PCT/CN2018/125688 2017-12-29 2018-12-29 锁止机构、锁止系统、快换支架组件及电动汽车 WO2019129288A1 (zh)

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MX2020006898A MX2020006898A (es) 2017-12-29 2018-12-29 Mecanismo de bloqueo, sistema de bloqueo, conjunto de soporte de intercambio rápido y vehículo electrónico.
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BR112020013375-2A BR112020013375A2 (pt) 2017-12-29 2018-12-29 mecanismo de travamento, sistema de travamento, montagem de suporte de troca rápida e veículo eletrônico
US16/958,755 US11359410B2 (en) 2017-12-29 2018-12-29 Lock mechanism, lock system, quick exchange bracket assembly and electronic vehicle
EP23185313.6A EP4253133A3 (en) 2017-12-29 2018-12-29 Lock mechanism, lock system, quick exchange bracket assembly and electronic vehicle
JP2020536591A JP7081890B2 (ja) 2017-12-29 2018-12-29 ロックアップ機構、ロックアップシステム、クイックチェンジホルダアセンブリ、及び電気自動車
EP18894253.6A EP3733434A4 (en) 2017-12-29 2018-12-29 LOCK MECHANISM, LOCK SYSTEM, QUICK RELEASE CLAMP ARRANGEMENT AND ELECTRONIC VEHICLE
AU2018393463A AU2018393463B2 (en) 2017-12-29 2018-12-29 Lock mechanism, lock system, quick exchange bracket assembly and electronic vehicle
IL293320A IL293320B2 (en) 2017-12-29 2018-12-29 Locking mechanism, locking system, quick change of vehicle brackets and electronic vehicle
KR1020207022032A KR102312041B1 (ko) 2017-12-29 2018-12-29 잠금 메커니즘, 잠금 시스템, 퀵 교체 브래킷 어셈블리 및 전기 자동차.
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ZA2020/04621A ZA202004621B (en) 2017-12-29 2020-07-27 Lock mechanism, lock system, quick exchange bracket assembly and electronic vehicle
US17/744,723 US20220275665A1 (en) 2017-12-29 2022-05-15 Lock mechanism, lock system, quick exchange bracket assembly and electronic vehicle
US17/744,726 US20220268058A1 (en) 2017-12-29 2022-05-15 Lock mechanism, lock system, quick exchange bracket assembly and electronic vehicle
JP2022084648A JP7294622B2 (ja) 2017-12-29 2022-05-24 ロックアップ機構、クイックチェンジホルダアセンブリ、及び電気自動車
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