WO2019128939A1 - 太阳能电池板 - Google Patents

太阳能电池板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019128939A1
WO2019128939A1 PCT/CN2018/123244 CN2018123244W WO2019128939A1 WO 2019128939 A1 WO2019128939 A1 WO 2019128939A1 CN 2018123244 W CN2018123244 W CN 2018123244W WO 2019128939 A1 WO2019128939 A1 WO 2019128939A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
protective film
solar panel
frosted
panel according
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PCT/CN2018/123244
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄旭
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米亚索能光伏科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2019128939A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019128939A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B32B27/322—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09J123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C09J123/08—Copolymers of ethene
    • C09J123/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
    • C09J123/0853—Vinylacetate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • H02S40/38—Energy storage means, e.g. batteries, structurally associated with PV modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/538—Roughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of solar power generation technologies, and in particular, to a solar panel.
  • Solar panels are devices that use solar energy to generate electricity, and typically include crystalline silicon solar panels and thin film solar panels.
  • Some solar panels are often seen.
  • various advertising sheets and stickers are often attached to these panels, which seriously affects solar energy.
  • the light transmittance of the panel is greatly affected by its power, and it also affects the appearance of the city.
  • cleaning these stickers or flyers it is usually manually scraped with a knife, which in turn can easily damage the solar panels, which not only increases labor costs, but also easily generates additional solar panel maintenance costs.
  • the present disclosure provides a solar panel comprising a matte protective film, an adhesive layer, a water blocking film, a front encapsulating film, a thin film battery chip, a post-package film, and a back sheet which are sequentially attached.
  • the bonding layer is an EVA hot melt adhesive film.
  • the front encapsulant film and the back encapsulation film are each one of an EVA film, a POE film or a PVB film.
  • the front encapsulant film and the back encapsulation film are both POE films.
  • the thin film battery chip is one of copper indium gallium selenide, copper indium selenide, cadmium telluride or dye sensitized solar photovoltaic chips.
  • the thin film battery chip is a copper indium gallium selenide solar photovoltaic chip.
  • the frosted protective film has a thickness in the range of 200 to 220 ⁇ m
  • the water blocking film has a thickness in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
  • the backing plate is a fiberboard, and the backing plate has a thickness ranging from 0.3 to 1 mm.
  • the gully structure comprises strip-shaped protrusions and strip-shaped grooves that are inter-phased.
  • the matte protective film is one of ETFE, PVC, PTFE or PET.
  • the matte protective film comprises a matte layer and an anti-stick coating, wherein the matte layer is closer to the paste than the anti-stick coating Layered.
  • the anti-stick coating is a silicon polymer coating having a thickness ranging from 0.05 to 0.08 um.
  • the frosted layer is a frosted PET layer.
  • the solar panel provided by the present disclosure has a frosted protective film on the outermost layer of the solar cell panel, so that the frosted protective film has a rough surface, so that it is difficult to adhere the adhesive such as an advertising sticker to the surface of the frosted protective film. Since the rough surface has uneven surface characteristics, the bonding area between the sticker and the frosted protective film is small, and the bonding force is small, thereby facilitating the cleaning of the sticker.
  • a water-blocking film on the side close to the frosted protective film, it is possible to effectively resist the infiltration of moisture from the side of the frosted protective film, and at the same time, by providing a backing plate at one end away from the frosted protective film, moisture can be prevented from being backed. One side of the plate penetrates. The combination of these two aspects effectively solves the problem that water vapor penetrates into the solar panel, improves the performance of the solar panel, and prolongs the service life of the battery chip.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a solar cell panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a frosted protective film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solar cell panel including a frosted protective film 100 , an adhesive layer 200 , a water blocking film 300 , a front package film 400 , and a thin film battery chip 500 .
  • the frosted protective film has a rough surface, so that it is difficult to adhere the sticker or the like to the surface of the frosted protective film, and the rough surface has irregularities.
  • the uneven surface characteristics cause more gaps between the stickers and the attachments, that is, the attachments such as stickers and the frosted protective film have a small bonding area, and the adhesive force Smaller, which facilitates the cleaning of the sticker.
  • the frosted protective film may be provided with a granular structure on a surface (for example, a plane) that receives light, that is, a gap is maintained between the particles, and the particles may be uniformly dispersed on the frosted protective film. surface.
  • the frosted protective film is provided with a gully structure on a surface (for example, a plane) that receives light
  • the gully structure may include strip-shaped protrusions and strip-shaped grooves distributed between the phases, when advertising stickers
  • the advertising sticker can only contact the strip-shaped protrusions, and cannot be in contact with the strip-shaped grooves, that is, a gap is formed between the advertising sticker and the strip-shaped groove, thereby The bonding area between the advertising sticker and the frosted protective film is reduced, thereby reducing the adhesive force, and it is not convenient to paste the advertising sticker.
  • the solar panels in public places are usually exposed to the outside for a long time, the solar panels are susceptible to moisture erosion, and the performance of the battery chips in the solar panels is attenuated too fast. Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, in the present embodiment, by providing the water blocking film 300 on the side close to the frosted protective film 100, it is possible to effectively resist the infiltration of moisture from the side of the frosted protective film 100, and at the same time, by being protected from the frosting.
  • the back plate 700 is disposed at one end of the film 100 to prevent moisture from penetrating from one side of the back plate 700, thereby effectively solving the problem that water vapor penetrates into the solar panel, improving the performance of the solar panel, and prolonging the service life of the battery chip. .
  • the frosted protective film 100 may be a flexible film material having a certain light transmittance, weather resistance, insulation, and high water resistance, and specifically may be ETFE (ethylene-tetra-fluoro-ethylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer). ), one of PVC (Polyvinyl chloride), PTFE (Poly tetra fluoroethylene) or PET (Polyethylene terephthalate).
  • the frosted protective film 100 may be a PET frosted film.
  • the adhesive layer 200 may be a film having a certain resistance to ultraviolet rays, anti-aging, and high adhesion, and may be an EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) hot melt adhesive film in this embodiment.
  • the EVA hot melt adhesive film has strong adhesion and durability, and can firmly connect the PET frosted film and the water blocking film 300 while resisting high temperature, moisture and ultraviolet rays.
  • the front package film 400 and the back package film 600 have a certain bonding strength, and the function is to ensure that the frosted protective film 100 and the back plate 700 can be firmly bonded to the flexible film battery chip 500, and the external environment is prevented.
  • the performance of the flexible thin film battery chip 500 is affected; at the same time, the front package film 400 and the rear package film 600 should also have high light transmission performance to improve the power generation performance and conversion efficiency of the flexible thin film battery chip 500, specifically
  • the front package film 400 and the back package film 600 may each be one of an EVA film, a POE film or a PVB film.
  • the front encapsulation film 400 and the post-encapsulation film 600 may be POE film
  • the POE film is a copolymer of ethylene and octene, is a saturated aliphatic chain structure, and has fewer tertiary carbon atoms in the molecular chain. It exhibits good weather resistance, UV aging resistance, excellent heat resistance and low temperature resistance, so POE film has better aging resistance than EVA film.
  • the front package film 400 and the back package film 600 may also be other materials having the above properties, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the thin film battery chip 500 may be one of copper indium gallium selenide, copper indium selenide, cadmium telluride or dye-sensitized solar photovoltaic chips, and in order to enhance the light absorption capability of the thin film battery chip 500, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved. And the power generation stability, the thin film battery chip 500 can be a flexible copper indium gallium selenide solar photovoltaic chip.
  • the backing plate 700 may be a fiberboard, and the thickness of the backing plate 700 may range from 0.3 to 1 mm. In one example, the thickness of the backing plate 700 The value is 0.8mm.
  • the thickness of the frosted protective film 100 may range from 200 to 220 um, and the thickness of the water blocking film 300 may range from 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
  • the thickness of the frosted protective film 100 is 200 um or 210 um, and the thickness of the water blocking film 300 is 0.2 mm.
  • each layer in FIG. 1 is not drawn to scale in order to clearly illustrate the various layers of the solar panel.
  • the solar panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a frosted protective film with a rough surface by providing a frosted protective film on the outermost layer of the solar panel, so that the advertising sticker is not easily adhered to the surface of the frosted protective film, and
  • the surface has uneven surface characteristics, which has a small bonding area between the sticker and the frosted protective film, and the bonding force is small, thereby facilitating the cleaning of the sticker.
  • a water-blocking film on the side close to the frosted protective film it is possible to effectively resist the infiltration of moisture from the side of the frosted protective film, and at the same time, by providing a backing plate at one end away from the frosted protective film, moisture can be prevented from being backed.
  • One side of the plate penetrates, thereby effectively solving the problem that water vapor penetrates into the solar panel, improves the performance of the solar panel, and prolongs the service life of the battery chip.
  • the frosted protective film 100 is a composite structure including a frosted layer 1002 and an anti-stick coating 1001.
  • the frosted protective film provided by the embodiment combines the shape feature (matte) and the anti-sticking function at the same time, which is advantageous for preventing sticking of attachments such as small advertisements, and is easy even if a small advertisement is pasted on the matte protective film. Clean up.
  • the frosted protective film 100 has a thickness ranging from 200 to 220 um.
  • the anti-stick coating is selected from a silicon polymer coating having a thickness ranging from 0.05 to 0.08 um, for example, 0.06 um; and/or the frosted layer is Frosted PET layer.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a solar panel, which is different from the solar panel shown in FIG. 1 in that the solar panel in this embodiment adopts the frosted protective film 100 shown in FIG. Among them, the frosted layer 1002 is closer to the adhesive layer than the anti-stick coating 101.
  • the structure of the solar panel in this embodiment please refer to the corresponding description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and details are not described herein.
  • the solar panel of the embodiment of the present disclosure can integrate solar energy, energy storage and environmental protection cleaning, wherein the frosted protective film can prevent the small advertisement of the city from being attached, is easy to clean, and the high transmittance of the frosted protective film does not affect.
  • the power of solar panels can better solve the problem of urban psoriasis and the potential of the solar panel battery in the public places, and provide users with a better living and entertainment environment.
  • the solar panel of the embodiment of the present disclosure integrates solar power generation, energy storage, charging and cleaning, and has the functions of energy storage, charging, cleaning, environmental protection and pollution-free, and is suitable for applications in commercial places, tourism, outdoor sports and the like. Scenes.

Abstract

本公开公开了一种太阳能电池板，其包括依次贴合的磨砂保护膜、粘结层、阻水膜、前封装胶膜、薄膜电池芯片、后封装胶膜和背板。本实用新型提供的太阳能电池板，通过在太阳能电池板的最外层设置磨砂保护膜，使磨砂保护膜具有较为粗糙的表面，从而不易使广告贴纸粘贴在磨砂保护膜的表面，而由于粗糙的表面具有凹凸不平的表面特性，使贴纸与磨砂保护膜之间具有较小的粘接面积，粘接力较小，由此方便了对贴纸的清理。此外，通过在靠近磨砂保护膜的一侧设置阻水膜，可以有效抵挡水汽从磨砂保护膜的一侧渗入，从而有效解决了水汽渗入到太阳能电池板中的问题，提高了太阳能电池板的性能，延长了电池芯片的使用寿命。

Description

太阳能电池板 技术领域
本公开涉及太阳能发电技术领域，尤其涉及一种太阳能电池板。
背景技术
随着太阳能发电技术的快速发展，太阳能发电技术在越来越多的产品上得到了运用。太阳能电池板是利用太阳能进行发电的装置，通常包括晶体硅太阳能电池板和薄膜太阳能电池板。目前，在某些广告宣传栏、公交站台等公共场所，经常会看到一些太阳能电池板，但是，在这些电池板上经常粘贴有各种各样的广告宣传单、贴纸等，严重影响了太阳能电池板的透光率，使其功率受到较大的影响，同时也影响市容市貌。而在清理这些贴纸或宣传单时，通常是手动使用小刀对其进行刮擦，这又极易损伤太阳能电池板，不仅增加了人力成本，而且容易产生额外的太阳能电池板维护费用。
也就是说，目前市场上的太阳能板虽然解决了户外阳光下充电、储能的问题，但在后期如何便于维护的方面，仍存在缺陷。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种太阳能电池板，便于对于太阳能电池板的维护，例如，有利于清理太阳能电池板表面粘贴的广告单等附着物，提升太阳能电池板的发电性能。
本公开提供了一种太阳能电池板，其中，包括依次贴合的磨砂保护膜、粘结层、阻水膜、前封装胶膜、薄膜电池芯片、后封装胶膜和背板。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述磨砂保护膜在接收光照的面上设置有颗粒结构。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述磨砂保护膜在接收光照的面上设置有沟壑结构。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述粘结层为EVA热熔胶膜。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述前封装胶膜和所述后封装胶膜均为EVA胶膜、POE胶膜或PVB胶膜中的一种。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述前封装胶膜和所述后封装胶膜均为POE胶膜。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述薄膜电池芯片为铜铟镓硒、铜铟硒、碲化镉或染料敏化太阳能光伏芯片中的一种。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述薄膜电池芯片为铜铟镓硒太阳能光伏芯片。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述磨砂保护膜的厚度范围为 200～220um，所述阻水膜的厚度范围为0.1～0.3mm。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述背板为纤维板，所述背板的厚度范围为0.3～1mm。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述沟壑结构包括相间分布的条形凸起和条形凹槽。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述磨砂保护膜为ETFE、PVC、PTFE或PET中的一种。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述磨砂保护膜包括磨砂层和防粘贴涂层，其中，所述磨砂层相对于所述防粘贴涂层更靠近所述粘结层。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述防粘贴涂层为硅聚物涂层，厚度范围为0.05～0.08um。
如上所述的太阳能电池板，其中，在一种实施例中，所述磨砂层为磨砂PET层。
本公开提供的太阳能电池板，通过在太阳能电池板的最外层设置磨砂保护膜，使磨砂保护膜具有较为粗糙的表面，从而不易使广告贴纸之类的附着物粘贴在磨砂保护膜的表面，而由于粗糙的表面具有凹凸不平的表面特性，使贴纸与磨砂保护膜之间具有较小的粘接面积，粘接力较小，由此方便了对贴纸的清理。此外，通过在靠近磨砂保护膜的一侧设置阻水膜，可以有效抵挡水汽从磨砂保护膜的一侧渗入，同时，通过在远离所述磨砂保护膜的一端设置背板，可以防止水汽从背板的一侧渗入。这两方面的组合，有效解决了水汽渗入到太阳能电池板中的问题，提高了太阳能电池板的性能，延长了电池芯片的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1为本公开一实施例提供的太阳能电池板的结构示意图；
图2为本公开一实施例提供的磨砂保护膜的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
100-磨砂保护膜      200-粘结层        300-阻水膜
400-前封装胶膜      500-薄膜电池芯片  600-后封装胶膜
700-背板            1001-防粘贴涂层   1002-磨砂层
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本公开，而不能解释为对本公开的限制。
如图1所示，本公开实施例提供了一种太阳能电池板，其包括依次贴合的磨砂保护膜100、粘结层200、阻水膜300、前封装胶膜400、薄膜电池芯片500、后封装胶膜600和背板700。其中，通过在太阳能电池板的最外层设置磨砂保护膜，使磨砂保护膜具有较为粗糙的表面，从而不易使贴纸之类的附着物粘贴在磨砂保护膜的表面，而由于粗糙的表面具有凹 凸不平的表面特性，使其与贴纸之类的附着物之间会产生较多的空隙，也就是说，贴纸之类的附着物与磨砂保护膜之间具有较小的粘接面积，粘接力较小，由此方便了对贴纸的清理。
具体地，在一种实施例中，磨砂保护膜在接收光照的面(例如，平面)上可以设置有颗粒结构，即颗粒之间均保持着间隙，且颗粒可以均匀地散布在磨砂保护膜的表面。
在另一种实施例中，磨砂保护膜在接收光照的面(例如，平面)上设置有沟壑结构，该沟壑结构可以包括相间分布的条形的凸起和条形的凹槽，当广告贴纸粘接到该沟壑结构上时，广告贴纸仅能与条形的凸起接触，而不能与条形的凹槽接触，即在广告贴纸和条形的凹槽之间形成了空隙，由此，广告贴纸与磨砂保护膜之间的粘接面积减小，进而使粘接力减小，不便于广告贴纸的粘贴。
需要说明的是，由于公共场所的太阳能电池板通常长期暴露在室外，导致太阳能电池板易受湿气的侵蚀，导致太阳能电池板中的电池芯片性能衰减过快。因此，为了解决上述问题，在本实施例中，通过在靠近磨砂保护膜100的一侧设置阻水膜300，可以有效抵挡水汽从磨砂保护膜100的一侧渗入，同时，通过在远离磨砂保护膜100的一端设置背板700，可以防止水汽从背板700的一侧渗入，从而有效解决了水汽渗入到太阳能电池板中的问题，提高了太阳能电池板的性能，延长了电池芯片的使用寿命。
具体地，磨砂保护膜100可以为具有一定的透光性、耐候性、绝缘性、高阻水性的柔性薄膜材料，具体可以为ETFE(ethylene-tetra-fluoro-ethylene，乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物)、PVC(Polyvinyl chloride，聚氯乙烯)、PTFE(Poly tetra fluoroethylene，聚四氟乙烯)或PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，Polyethylene terephthalate)中的一种。在本实施例中，磨砂保护膜100可以为PET磨砂膜。
另外，粘结层200可以为具有一定抗紫外线、抗老化、高粘结性的胶膜，在本实施例中可以为EVA(乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物)热熔胶膜。EVA热熔胶膜具有较强的黏着力和耐久性，可以使PET磨砂膜和阻水膜300之间稳固连接，同时可以抵抗高温、潮气及紫外线。
具体地，前封装胶膜400和后封装胶膜600具有一定的粘接强度，其作用是保证磨砂保护膜100和背板700均可以与柔性薄膜电池芯片500粘接牢固可靠，并防止外界环境对柔性薄膜电池芯片500的性能造成影响；同时，前封装胶膜400和后封装胶膜600还应具有较高的透光性能，以提高柔性薄膜电池芯片500的发电性能和转换效率，具体地，前封装胶膜400和后封装胶膜600均可以为EVA胶膜、POE胶膜或PVB胶膜中的一种。在本实施例中，前封装胶膜400和后封装胶膜600可以为POE胶膜，POE胶膜是乙烯和辛烯的共聚物，是饱和脂肪链结构，且分子链中叔碳原子较少，表现出良好的耐候性、耐紫外老化性能，优异的耐热、耐低温性能，因此POE胶膜具有比EVA胶膜更好的耐老化性。当然，前封装胶膜400和后封装胶膜600也可以为具有上述性能的其它材质，对此本实施例不作限定。
具体而言，薄膜电池芯片500可以为铜铟镓硒、铜铟硒、碲化镉或染料敏化太阳能光伏芯片中的一种，而为了增强薄膜电池芯片500的光吸收能力，提高光电转化效率及发电稳定性，该薄膜电池芯片500可以为柔性铜铟镓硒太阳能光伏芯片。
具体地，为了增强该太阳能电池板的防水性，延长太阳能电池板的使用寿命，背板700 可以为纤维板，背板700的厚度范围可以为0.3～1mm，在一实例中，背板700的厚度值为0.8mm。
而为了有效防止水汽从磨砂保护膜100的一侧渗入，磨砂保护膜100的厚度范围可以为200～220um，阻水膜300的厚度范围可以为0.1～0.3mm。其中，如果磨砂保护膜100的厚度过大，则会阻碍太阳能电池板的通透性，而磨砂保护膜100的厚度过小，则又会造成防水性能降低，因此，在本实施例中，磨砂保护膜100的厚度值为200um或210um，阻水膜300的厚度值为0.2mm。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，为了清晰地示出太阳能电池板的各层结构，图1中各层的厚度并不是按照比例绘制。
本公开实施例提供的太阳能电池板，通过在太阳能电池板的最外层设置磨砂保护膜，使磨砂保护膜具有较为粗糙的表面，从而不易使广告贴纸粘贴在磨砂保护膜的表面，而由于粗糙的表面具有凹凸不平的表面特性，使贴纸与磨砂保护膜之间具有较小的粘接面积，粘接力较小，由此方便了对贴纸的清理。此外，通过在靠近磨砂保护膜的一侧设置阻水膜，可以有效抵挡水汽从磨砂保护膜的一侧渗入，同时，通过在远离所述磨砂保护膜的一端设置背板，可以防止水汽从背板的一侧渗入，从而有效解决了水汽渗入到太阳能电池板中的问题，提高了太阳能电池板的性能，延长了电池芯片的使用寿命。
参考图2，是本公开实施例提供的一种磨砂保护膜的结构示意图。如图2所示，磨砂保护膜100为复合结构，包括磨砂层1002和防粘贴涂层1001。本实施例提供的磨砂保护膜，同时将形状特征(磨砂)和防粘贴功能结合，有利于防止小广告之类的附着物的粘贴，且即使在磨砂保护膜上粘贴上了小广告，也容易清理。
可选地，在本实施例的一种具体实现中，所述磨砂保护膜100的厚度范围为200～220um。例如，210un，215um等。
可选地，在本实施例的一种具体实现中，所述防粘贴涂层选用硅聚物涂层，厚度范围为0.05～0.08um，例如，0.06um；和/或，所述磨砂层为磨砂PET层。
本发明的一种实施例还提供一种太阳能电池板，该太阳能电池板与图1所示太阳能电池板的不同在于，本实施例中的太阳能电池板采用图2所示的磨砂保护膜100，其中，磨砂层1002相对于防粘贴涂层101更靠近粘结层。关于本实施例中的太阳能电池板的结构的说明，请参照图1和图2所示实施例中的相应说明，此处不赘述。
本公开实施例的太阳能电池板可以将太阳能、储能及环保清洁集成在一起，其中磨砂保护膜可以防止城市小广告贴上去，便于清洁，且磨砂保护膜具有很高的透光率不会影响太阳能电池板的功率，可以更好的解决使用者在公共场所面临的城市牛皮癣脏乱差以及影响太阳能板电池功率下降的问题，还能为使用者提供更好的生活娱乐清洁的消费环境。
本公开实施例的太阳能电池板集成了太阳能发电、储能、充电及清洁环保，可具有储能、充电、清洁环保无污染等功能，适用于商务出行、旅游、户外运动等诸多公共场所的应用场景。
以上依据附图所示的实施例详细说明了本公开的构造、特征及作用效果，以上所述仅为 本公开的较佳实施例，但本公开不以附图所示限定实施范围，凡是依照本公开的构想所作的改变，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例，仍未超出说明书与附图所涵盖的精神时，均应在本公开的保护范围内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种太阳能电池板，其特征在于，包括依次贴合的磨砂保护膜、粘结层、阻水膜、前封装胶膜、薄膜电池芯片、后封装胶膜和背板。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，所述磨砂保护膜在接收光照的面上设置有颗粒结构。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，所述磨砂保护膜在接收光照的面上设置有沟壑结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，所述粘结层为EVA热熔胶膜。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，所述前封装胶膜和所述后封装胶膜均为EVA胶膜、POE胶膜或PVB胶膜中的一种。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，所述前封装胶膜和所述后封装胶膜均为POE胶膜。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，所述薄膜电池芯片为铜铟镓硒、铜铟硒、碲化镉或染料敏化太阳能光伏芯片中的一种。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，所述薄膜电池芯片为铜铟镓硒太阳能光伏芯片。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，所述磨砂保护膜的厚度范围为200～220um，所述阻水膜的厚度范围为0.1～0.3mm。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，所述背板为纤维板，所述背板的厚度范围为0.3～1mm。
  11. 根据权利要求3所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，所述沟壑结构包括相间分布的条形凸起和条形凹槽。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，所述磨砂保护膜为ETFE、PVC、PTFE或PET中的一种。
  13. 根据权利要求1或9所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，所述磨砂保护膜包括磨砂层和防粘贴涂层，其中，所述磨砂层相对于所述防粘贴涂层更靠近所述粘结层。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的太阳能电池板，其特征在于，
    所述防粘贴涂层为硅聚物涂层，厚度范围为0.05～0.08um；和/或，
    所述磨砂层为磨砂PET层。
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