WO2019119824A1 - Non-clogging sintered water-permeable brick and preparation method therefor - Google Patents

Non-clogging sintered water-permeable brick and preparation method therefor Download PDF

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WO2019119824A1
WO2019119824A1 PCT/CN2018/100125 CN2018100125W WO2019119824A1 WO 2019119824 A1 WO2019119824 A1 WO 2019119824A1 CN 2018100125 W CN2018100125 W CN 2018100125W WO 2019119824 A1 WO2019119824 A1 WO 2019119824A1
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aggregate
parts
permeable brick
fabric
liquid glue
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PCT/CN2018/100125
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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林�智
黄飞
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广东科达洁能股份有限公司
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    • C04B33/00Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13Compounding ingredients
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    • C04B35/626Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
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    • C04B35/626Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632Organic additives
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    • C04B35/63404Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • C04B38/00Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/0038Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by superficial sintering or bonding of particulate matter
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of permeable bricks, in particular to a sintered water permeable brick which is not easy to be blocked and a preparation method thereof.
  • the permeable brick is a new century-old environmental protection building material that was born to alleviate the urban shackles while maintaining moisture and maintaining the ecological balance of the city. It uses solid waste materials such as waste ceramic tiles (waste polished tiles, waste polished glazed tiles, waste tiles, etc.), stone scraps, slag, etc. as the main raw materials, with molding aids, adding appropriate amount of binder, and forming twice by fabric. , high temperature firing, is a green product.
  • Permeable bricks can consume a large amount of waste ceramic tiles (solid waste such as stone scrap or slag), which not only solves the problem of solid waste disposal at present, but also greatly reduces environmental pollution.
  • the ceramic permeable bricks produced can be directly used in urban construction and turned into waste. Therefore, it has obvious social significance.
  • the permeable bricks are divided into sintered permeable bricks and concrete permeable bricks, wherein the sintered permeable bricks need to be fired at a high temperature, and the concrete permeable bricks do not need to be fired at a high temperature.
  • Prior Art 1 is an invention patent disclosed in CN 101955349 B, which discloses a water permeable brick which uses ceramic waste powder, waste glass powder, waste porcelain powder, municipal base waste powder, and oxidation.
  • Calcium, calcium sulphate, bentonite, talc powder, waste ash powder, waste plant powder and water are used as raw materials, stirred in a wet state, and then mechanically vibrated and extruded into a permeable brick lower layer brick, and then used a secondary cloth machine in the permeable water
  • the upper part of the brick under the brick is evenly covered with a layer of fine fabric (the main component is waste ceramic chip powder, bentonite, water), and then it is made into a ceramic waste slag sintered water-permeable green brick under the pressure of 25-30 MPa for natural drying.
  • the ceramic slag permeable and environmentally-friendly bricks which have been naturally dried are sent to a tunnel kiln for roasting, and the temperature is controlled to be fired in the range of 1150 to 1200 °C.
  • the municipal base waste sludge fine powder and bentonite are binders.
  • the waste ceramic chip powder is added in an amount of 20-30 parts
  • the bentonite is added in an amount of 5-8 parts
  • the municipal base waste mud powder is added in an amount of 20-30 parts, that is, waste.
  • the ceramic chip powder is added in an amount of about 20 to 30 parts
  • the binder is added in an amount of about 25 to 38 parts.
  • the waste ceramic chip powder is added in a small amount, the binder is used in a large amount, and the ultimate load of the binder is low, resulting in low strength of the green body after molding.
  • the raw material of the permeable brick disclosed in prior art 2 is mainly waste polished brick, and the raw material is formulated as: 10-40 parts of waste ceramic tile and 66-130 parts of binder, wherein the binder comprises 60-90 parts of bentonite, frit (glass powder, etc.) 5-20 parts, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 1-20 parts.
  • the amount of waste tile added is extremely small, and the amount of the binder is extremely large.
  • the ultimate load of the binder is relatively low, generally around 64.8 N, resulting in low strength of the green body after molding.
  • the existing permeable bricks have a complicated process, many production processes, long time and high cost, and the process flow chart is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the existing permeable brick adhesive requires a separate ball mill.
  • the ball milling process has a long operation time, and the ball mill has a large volume and a large floor area, which greatly increases the production cost of the permeable brick.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sintered water-permeable brick which has high strength, strong frost resistance and excellent water permeability, and particles or fibrous substances in rainwater (sewage) are not easy to be wall-mounted, and permeable to water. Brick hole clearance is not easy to block.
  • the present invention provides a sintered water-permeable brick which is not easily clogged, and includes a fabric and a bottom material, wherein the main raw materials of the base material in parts by mass are as follows:
  • Liquid glue 3-12 parts
  • the bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay
  • the liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
  • the main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
  • the bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay
  • the liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
  • the aggregate is previously subjected to ball milling.
  • the fabric and the base material are included, wherein the main raw materials of the base material in parts by mass are as follows:
  • the bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay
  • the liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
  • the main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
  • the bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay
  • the liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
  • the aggregate is previously subjected to ball milling.
  • the aggregate is previously subjected to ball milling, and includes:
  • the aggregate is sent into the ball mill for dry grinding. There is no ball stone in the ball mill, and the aggregate itself collides with each other.
  • the aggregate of the fabric comprises:
  • the aggregate of the primer comprises:
  • the polyacrylamide solution is one or more of sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyridine salt, and polyethyleneimine;
  • the clay is one or more of kaolin, black mud, and municipal municipal sludge;
  • the aggregate comprises one or more of waste ceramic tile, stone scrap, slag, coal gangue, and chain slag; wherein the waste tile comprises waste polished brick, waste polished glazed brick, waste interior wall brick, waste One or more of the antique bricks; the stone scrap material comprises one or more of granite, Luoyuan red, quartz stone, porcelain stone, potassium feldspar, albite; the slag includes iron ore slag, copper One or more of the slag.
  • the weight ratio of the primer to the fabric is 70-100:0-30.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing a sintered water permeable brick which is not easy to block, and includes:
  • the body is fired in a kiln to obtain a finished product.
  • step (2) includes:
  • the aggregate is sent into the ball mill for dry grinding. There is no ball stone in the ball mill, and the aggregate itself collides with each other.
  • the pressure of the press is 1500-2000T;
  • the firing temperature is 1100-1220 °C.
  • the permeable brick of the invention is mainly composed of aggregate and binder, wherein the aggregate can be one or more of waste ceramic tile, stone scrap, slag, coal gangue, chain slag, and the amount of aggregate is more common.
  • the permeable bricks are much higher, and the amount of aggregates is >85%. It can consume a large amount of solid waste such as waste ceramic tiles, stone scraps, slag, coal gangue, chain slag, etc., to achieve the purpose of highly recycling solid waste, turning waste into treasure. ,energy saving.
  • the binder comprises a binder base and a liquid glue
  • the binder base may be one or more of bentonite, kaolin, black mud or municipal municipal sludge, and the binder of the invention is innovatively added to the liquid glue.
  • the ultimate load of the binder is greatly increased, and the ultimate load of the binder is as high as 150.8 N, which improves the strength of the permeable brick;
  • the binder of the invention makes the blank easy to form, simplifies the molding process, and reduces The difficulty of molding; finally, the binder of the invention is simple to operate, and only simple mixing is required, and the step of ball milling is not required to be mixed, the process is simplified, and the cost is reduced.
  • the preparation method of the permeable brick of the invention comprises the steps of raw material crushing, sieving, compounding, mixing stirring, press forming, firing, etc., the binder of the invention does not need ball milling, simplifies the process, reduces the cost, shortens the production time, and after the above
  • the permeable brick prepared by the preparation method has high strength, excellent water permeability and strong frost resistance.
  • the aggregate of the fabric of the present invention is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, specifically, the aggregate is dry-ground without adding a ball milling medium, and the particles of the aggregate are relatively smooth and have no burrs after ball milling, thereby causing rainwater (sewage)
  • the particles or fibrous substances in the ) are not easy to hang on the wall, and are easy to pass, and the gap between the holes is not easily blocked.
  • 1 is a process flow diagram of a conventional sintered water permeable brick that is not easily blocked
  • FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of a sintered water permeable brick that is not easily blocked by the present invention.
  • the invention provides a sintered water-permeable brick which is not easy to be blocked, and comprises a fabric and a bottom material.
  • the weight ratio of the primer to the fabric is 70-100:0-30.
  • the weight ratio of the primer to the fabric is 80-90:10-20.
  • the permeable brick only includes the bottom layer, which is made into a whole body brick.
  • the permeable brick requires color, the permeable brick includes a top layer and a bottom layer, and the weight ratio of the bottom material mixture to the fabric mixture is 70-99.9: 0.1-30.
  • the main raw materials of the bottom material in parts by mass are as follows:
  • Liquid glue 3-12 parts
  • the bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay
  • the liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution.
  • the main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
  • the bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay
  • the liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution.
  • the invention selects a specific binder, which is composed of a binder base and a liquid glue, wherein the binder base has plasticity, can help shape and strengthen the strength of the body, and the liquid glue can combine the slag and the binder base. More closely. The combination of the two ensures that the permeable brick has good strength and good firing performance in the production process.
  • the strength of the permeable brick of the present invention mainly refers to two stages: one stage is the forming strength after the forming of the press (mainly to ensure that the formed body is not easily broken before firing), and the other is the strength of the finished product after firing. (Mainly the final performance of the product, how much pressure the product can withstand, such as whether the car can be directly pressed, etc.).
  • the liquid glue of the invention is mainly used for ensuring the forming property and the forming strength of the formulation; the bonding base is mainly capable of bonding between the particles and the particles after being sintered at a high temperature, and is used for ensuring the strength of the final product.
  • the aggregate is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, comprising: feeding the aggregate into the ball mill for dry grinding, and the ball mill is not provided with the ball stone, and the aggregate itself collides with each other.
  • the aggregate of the fabric of the invention is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, and the surface of the aggregate becomes relatively round and burr-free after ball milling, so that particles or fibrous substances in the rainwater (sewage) are not easy to hang, and are easy to pass, and the gap between the holes Not easy to block.
  • the main raw materials of the primer in parts by mass are as follows:
  • the bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay
  • the liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
  • the main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
  • the bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay
  • the liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution.
  • the binder is further added to the frit, ie,
  • the main raw materials of the bottom material in parts by mass are as follows:
  • the bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay
  • the liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
  • the main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
  • the bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay
  • the liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution.
  • the aggregate is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, comprising: feeding the aggregate into the ball mill for dry grinding, and the ball mill is not provided with the ball stone, and the aggregate itself collides with each other.
  • the aggregate of the fabric of the invention is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, and the surface of the aggregate becomes relatively round and burr-free after ball milling, so that particles or fibrous substances in the rainwater (sewage) are not easy to hang, and are easy to pass, and the gap between the holes Not easy to block.
  • the strength of the product can be improved and the firing temperature of the permeable brick can be lowered.
  • the polyacrylamide solution is preferably one or more of sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyridine salt, and polyethyleneimine.
  • the invention selects a polymer organic flocculant such as sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyridinium salt or polyethyleneimine, so that the liquid glue can fully wrap the surface of the permeable brick aggregate particles and improve the strength of the permeable brick.
  • the clay is one or more of kaolin, black mud, and municipal municipal sludge.
  • the present invention can not only use bentonite, but also use clay such as kaolin, black mud, and municipal municipal sludge, which greatly improves the convenience of application and is rich in raw materials.
  • the invention adopts a binder base and a liquid glue to form a binder.
  • the performance of the binder of the present invention and the existing binder is as follows:
  • the adhesive of the invention is innovatively added to the liquid glue, firstly increasing the ultimate load of the binder, and the ultimate load of the binder of the invention is up to 150.8 N, which improves the strength of the green body of the permeable brick; secondly, the bonding of the invention
  • the agent makes the blank easy to form, simplifies the molding process, and reduces the difficulty of molding; finally, the binder of the invention is simple to operate, and only needs simple mixing, no need to pre-mix the ball milling step, simplify the process, and reduce the cost.
  • the aggregate comprises one or more of waste ceramic tile, stone scrap, slag, coal gangue, and chain slag; wherein the waste tile comprises waste polished brick, waste polished glazed brick, waste interior wall brick One or more of the waste antique bricks; the stone scrap material comprises one or more of granite, Luoyuan red, quartz stone, porcelain stone, potassium feldspar, and albite; the slag includes iron ore slag One or more of copper slag.
  • the aggregate comprises one of waste ceramic tile, stone scrap, slag, coal gangue, and chain slag; wherein the waste ceramic tile comprises waste polished brick, waste polished glazed brick, waste interior wall brick, waste One of the antique bricks; the stone scrap material comprises one of granite, Luoyuan red, quartz stone, porcelain stone, potassium feldspar, and albite; the slag includes one of iron ore slag and copper slag .
  • the aggregate of the invention can be selected from a variety of raw materials, not limited to waste polished tiles, and the amount of aggregate is much higher than that of ordinary permeable bricks.
  • the amount of aggregates is >85%, which can consume a large amount of waste tiles and stones.
  • Solid waste such as scrap, slag, coal gangue, chain slag, etc., achieve the purpose of highly recycling solid waste, turning waste into treasure, environmental protection and energy saving.
  • the aggregate is selected with a specific particle size, as follows:
  • the aggregate of the fabric includes:
  • the aggregate of the fabric is selected from 4-20 mesh aggregates, and the particle grading helps the finished product to form holes, achieves a water permeable effect, and obtains good appearance performance and comfort.
  • the fabric particles are too large, on the one hand, the surface of the finished product is too rough, which is not suitable for the use of square tiles.
  • the flatness of the surface of the brick will be poor, especially the edge position is not Leveling, paving out the aesthetics and tightness.
  • the aggregate of the primer includes:
  • the aggregate of the bottom material is selected from the group consisting of 4-20 mesh, 12-40 mesh and ⁇ 40 mesh aggregate, and the aggregates of 4-20 mesh, 12-40 mesh and ⁇ 40 mesh are mixed according to a certain ratio. Matching helps the finished product to form holes and achieve a water permeable effect. Moreover, in the case of satisfying the final strength of the product, the broken materials can be used up as much as possible, leaving no surplus material, saving costs and avoiding waste.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing a sintered water-permeable brick which is not easy to block, and includes:
  • the aggregate is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, comprising: feeding the aggregate into the ball mill for dry grinding, and the ball mill is not provided with ball stones, and the aggregate itself collides with each other.
  • the aggregate of the fabric of the invention is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, and the surface of the aggregate becomes relatively round and burr-free after ball milling, so that particles or fibrous substances in the rainwater (sewage) are not easy to hang, and are easy to pass, and the gap between the holes Not easy to block.
  • the pressure of the press is 1500-2000T.
  • the pressure of the press is 1600-1800T.
  • the body is fired in a kiln to obtain a finished product.
  • the firing temperature is 1100-1220 °C.
  • the firing temperature is from 1120 to 1200 °C.
  • the compressive strength of the present invention is measured by a YQ027 SHT4305 microcomputer controlled electro-hydraulic servo tester under the conditions of a temperature of 27 ° C and a humidity of 53%, and the sample size of the permeable brick sample is as follows: length 68 mm, 64mm wide.
  • the detection standard for frost resistance is carried out in accordance with the standard JG/T 376-2012.
  • the compressive strength of the present invention is significantly improved, the water permeability coefficient is also significantly improved, and the frost resistance is also good, wherein after 25 freeze-thaw cycles, the mass loss Less, less strength loss.
  • the bonding base is bentonite, and the liquid glue is a silica sol solution;
  • the main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
  • the bonding base is bentonite, and the liquid glue is a silica sol solution;
  • the green body is fired in a kiln, and the firing temperature is 1100 ° C to obtain a finished product.
  • the binder base is kaolin, and the liquid glue is sodium polyacrylate;
  • the main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
  • the binder base is kaolin, and the liquid glue is sodium polyacrylate;
  • the green body is fired in a kiln, and the firing temperature is 1180 ° C to obtain a finished product.
  • the bonding base is a municipal municipal sludge, and the liquid glue is a guar gum solution;
  • the main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
  • the bonding base is a municipal municipal sludge, and the liquid glue is a guar gum solution;
  • the green body is fired in a kiln, and the firing temperature is 1200 ° C to obtain a finished product.
  • the bonding base is bentonite, and the liquid glue is a silica sol solution;
  • the main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
  • the bonding base is bentonite, and the liquid glue is a silica sol solution;
  • the green body is fired in a kiln, and the firing temperature is 1210 ° C to obtain a finished product.
  • the bonding base is bentonite, and the liquid glue is sodium polyacrylate;
  • the agitated bottom material is subjected to fabric and compression molding, and the pressure of the press is 2000T to obtain a green body;
  • the green body is fired in a kiln, and the firing temperature is 1220 ° C to obtain a finished product.
  • the sintered permeable brick of the invention has a compressive strength ⁇ 55 MPa, a water permeability coefficient ⁇ 4.2 * 10 -2 , and the mass loss and compressive strength loss rate after 25 freeze-thaw cycles are very small, which proves that the frost resistance is good.
  • the same area of the ordinary permeable brick a and the permeable brick b of the present invention are respectively poured into 100 g of the suspended sewage slurry at the same time, when the sewage slurry is completely discharged.
  • the ordinary permeable brick a and the permeable brick b of the present invention are respectively weighed, and the weight gain of the ordinary permeable brick a and the permeable brick b of the present invention is as follows:
  • Example 1 Example 2
  • Example 3 Example 4
  • Example 5 Example 6 Weight gain 26.21g 16.01g 15.85g 17.15g 15.87g 16.34g 15.91g
  • the permeable brick of the invention is mainly composed of aggregate and binder, wherein the aggregate can be one or more of waste ceramic tile, stone scrap, slag, coal gangue, chain slag, and the amount of aggregate is more common.
  • the permeable bricks are much higher, and the amount of aggregates is >85%. It can consume a large amount of solid waste such as waste ceramic tiles, stone scraps, slag, coal gangue, chain slag, etc., to achieve the purpose of highly recycling solid waste, turning waste into treasure. ,energy saving.
  • the binder comprises a binder base and a liquid glue
  • the binder base may be one or more of bentonite, kaolin, black mud or municipal municipal sludge, and the binder of the invention is innovatively added to the liquid glue.
  • the ultimate load of the binder is greatly increased, and the ultimate load of the binder is as high as 150.8 N, which improves the strength of the permeable brick;
  • the binder of the invention makes the blank easy to form, simplifies the molding process, and reduces The difficulty of molding; finally, the binder of the invention is simple to operate, and only simple mixing is required, and the step of ball milling is not required to be mixed, the process is simplified, and the cost is reduced.
  • the preparation method of the permeable brick of the invention comprises the steps of raw material crushing, sieving, compounding, mixing stirring, press forming, firing, etc., the binder of the invention does not need ball milling, simplifies the process, reduces the cost, shortens the production time, and after the above
  • the permeable brick prepared by the preparation method has high strength, excellent water permeability and strong frost resistance.
  • the aggregate of the fabric of the present invention is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, specifically, the aggregate is dry-ground without adding a ball milling medium, and the particles of the aggregate are relatively smooth and have no burrs after ball milling, thereby causing rainwater (sewage)
  • the particles or fibrous substances in the ) are not easy to hang on the wall, and are easy to pass, and the gap between the holes is not easily blocked.

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Abstract

A non-clogging sintered water-permeable brick, comprising a surface material and a bottom material. Main raw materials of the bottom material are as follows, in parts by mass: 80-100 parts of aggregate, 3-12 parts of a binder base, and 3-12 parts of a liquid glue. Main raw materials of the surface material are as follows, in parts by mass: 0-30 parts of aggregate, 0-4 parts of a binder base, 0-4 parts of a liquid glue, and 0-4 parts of a pigment. The binder base is one or more of bentonite and clay. The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution. The aggregate is subjected to ball milling in advance. Further provided is a method for preparing the non-clogging sintered water-permeable brick. The water-permeable brick has high strength, strong frost resistance, and excellent water permeability, and particles or fibrous substances in rainwater (sewage) do not easily adhere to the walls, and holes and gaps are not easily clogged.

Description

一种不易堵塞的烧结透水砖及其制备方法Sintered permeable brick which is not easy to block and preparation method thereof 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及透水砖技术领域,尤其涉及一种不易堵塞的烧结透水砖及其制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of permeable bricks, in particular to a sintered water permeable brick which is not easy to be blocked and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
透水砖是为缓解城市内涝,同时保持水分,维护城市生态平衡构建海绵城市而隆重诞生的世纪环保建材新产品。它采用废瓷砖(废抛光砖、废抛釉砖、废瓷片等)、石材碎料、矿渣等固体废料为主要原料,配以成型助剂,添加适量的粘结剂,经两次布料成型,高温烧成,是绿色环保产品。The permeable brick is a new century-old environmental protection building material that was born to alleviate the urban shackles while maintaining moisture and maintaining the ecological balance of the city. It uses solid waste materials such as waste ceramic tiles (waste polished tiles, waste polished glazed tiles, waste tiles, etc.), stone scraps, slag, etc. as the main raw materials, with molding aids, adding appropriate amount of binder, and forming twice by fabric. , high temperature firing, is a green product.
透水砖可以消耗大量废瓷砖(石材碎料或矿渣等固体废料),这不仅解决了现阶段固体废料的处理难题,还大大减小了对环境的污染。生产出来的陶瓷透水砖能直接用于城市建设,变废为宝。因此,具有明显的社会意义。Permeable bricks can consume a large amount of waste ceramic tiles (solid waste such as stone scrap or slag), which not only solves the problem of solid waste disposal at present, but also greatly reduces environmental pollution. The ceramic permeable bricks produced can be directly used in urban construction and turned into waste. Therefore, it has obvious social significance.
透水砖分为烧结类透水砖和混凝土类透水砖,其中烧结类透水砖是需要经过高温烧成,而混凝土类透水砖无需经过高温烧成。The permeable bricks are divided into sintered permeable bricks and concrete permeable bricks, wherein the sintered permeable bricks need to be fired at a high temperature, and the concrete permeable bricks do not need to be fired at a high temperature.
现有技术1是公开号为CN 101955349 B的发明专利,其公开了一种透水砖,透水砖采用陶瓷废渣粉料、废玻璃粉料、废瓷碎片粉料、市政基础废泥粉料、氧化钙、硫酸钙、膨润土、滑石粉、垃圾灰渣粉料、废植物粉料和水为原料,搅拌呈潮湿状后用机械振动挤压成型为透水砖下层砖,再用二次布料机在透水砖下层砖的上部均匀布上一层细面料(主要成分为废陶瓷碎片粉料、膨润土、水),然后在25~30MPa的压力下制造成陶瓷废渣烧结透水环保砖坯,进行自然干燥。再将成型经自然干燥后的陶瓷废渣透水环保砖坯送进隧道窑进行焙烧,温度控制在1150~1200℃范围内烧制成。上述方案中,市政基础废泥渣细粉和膨润土为粘结剂。现有技术1中,废陶瓷碎片粉料的加入量为20-30份,膨润土的加入量为5-8份,市政基础废泥粉料的加入量为20-30份,也就是说,废陶瓷碎片粉料的加入量大概为20-30份,粘结剂的加入量大概为25-38份。废陶瓷碎片粉料的加入量较少,粘结剂用量较多,且所述粘结剂的极限荷载较低,导致成型后的坯体强度低。Prior Art 1 is an invention patent disclosed in CN 101955349 B, which discloses a water permeable brick which uses ceramic waste powder, waste glass powder, waste porcelain powder, municipal base waste powder, and oxidation. Calcium, calcium sulphate, bentonite, talc powder, waste ash powder, waste plant powder and water are used as raw materials, stirred in a wet state, and then mechanically vibrated and extruded into a permeable brick lower layer brick, and then used a secondary cloth machine in the permeable water The upper part of the brick under the brick is evenly covered with a layer of fine fabric (the main component is waste ceramic chip powder, bentonite, water), and then it is made into a ceramic waste slag sintered water-permeable green brick under the pressure of 25-30 MPa for natural drying. Then, the ceramic slag permeable and environmentally-friendly bricks which have been naturally dried are sent to a tunnel kiln for roasting, and the temperature is controlled to be fired in the range of 1150 to 1200 °C. In the above scheme, the municipal base waste sludge fine powder and bentonite are binders. In the prior art 1, the waste ceramic chip powder is added in an amount of 20-30 parts, the bentonite is added in an amount of 5-8 parts, and the municipal base waste mud powder is added in an amount of 20-30 parts, that is, waste. The ceramic chip powder is added in an amount of about 20 to 30 parts, and the binder is added in an amount of about 25 to 38 parts. The waste ceramic chip powder is added in a small amount, the binder is used in a large amount, and the ultimate load of the binder is low, resulting in low strength of the green body after molding.
现有技术2公开的透水砖的原材料主要为废抛光砖,原材料的配方为:废瓷砖10-40份、粘结剂66-130份,其中,粘结剂包括膨润土60-90份、熔块(玻璃粉等)5-20份、羧甲基 纤维素钠1-20份。现有技术中,废瓷砖的加入量极少,粘结剂用量极多。且所述粘结剂的极限荷载较低,一般在64.8N左右,导致成型后的坯体强度低。The raw material of the permeable brick disclosed in prior art 2 is mainly waste polished brick, and the raw material is formulated as: 10-40 parts of waste ceramic tile and 66-130 parts of binder, wherein the binder comprises 60-90 parts of bentonite, frit (glass powder, etc.) 5-20 parts, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 1-20 parts. In the prior art, the amount of waste tile added is extremely small, and the amount of the binder is extremely large. Moreover, the ultimate load of the binder is relatively low, generally around 64.8 N, resulting in low strength of the green body after molding.
另外,现有透水砖的工艺流程较为复杂,生产工序多,耗时长,成本高,其工艺流程图如图1所示。参见图1,现有的透水砖的粘结剂需要单独的球磨,但是,球磨工序操作时间长,球磨设备体积庞大,占地面积大,这样将大大增加了透水砖的生产成本。In addition, the existing permeable bricks have a complicated process, many production processes, long time and high cost, and the process flow chart is shown in FIG. 1 . Referring to Fig. 1, the existing permeable brick adhesive requires a separate ball mill. However, the ball milling process has a long operation time, and the ball mill has a large volume and a large floor area, which greatly increases the production cost of the permeable brick.
而且,现有的透水砖,雨水(污水)中的颗粒或纤维类物质容易挂壁,雨水(污水)中的颗粒或纤维类物质不易通过透水砖的孔洞间隙,透水砖的孔洞间隙容易堵塞。Moreover, in the existing permeable bricks, particles or fibrous substances in rainwater (sewage) are liable to hang on the wall, and particles or fibrous substances in the rainwater (sewage) are not easily passed through the pore gap of the permeable brick, and the pore gap of the permeable brick is easily blocked.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,提供一种烧结透水砖,所述透水砖的强度高、抗冻性强、透水性优异,且雨水(污水)中的颗粒或纤维类物质不易挂壁,透水砖孔洞间隙不易堵塞。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sintered water-permeable brick which has high strength, strong frost resistance and excellent water permeability, and particles or fibrous substances in rainwater (sewage) are not easy to be wall-mounted, and permeable to water. Brick hole clearance is not easy to block.
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种不易堵塞的烧结透水砖,包括面料和底料,其中,所述底料以质量份计的主要原料如下:In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a sintered water-permeable brick which is not easily clogged, and includes a fabric and a bottom material, wherein the main raw materials of the base material in parts by mass are as follows:
骨料      80-100份Aggregate 80-100 parts
粘结基料  3-12份Bonding base 3-12 parts
液体胶    3-12份;Liquid glue 3-12 parts;
所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种;The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
所述面料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000001
所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种;The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
所述骨料预先经过球磨处理。The aggregate is previously subjected to ball milling.
作为上述方案的改进,包括面料和底料,其中,所述底料以质量份计的主要原料如下:As an improvement of the above scheme, the fabric and the base material are included, wherein the main raw materials of the base material in parts by mass are as follows:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000003
所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种;The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
所述面料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000004
所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种;The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
所述骨料预先经过球磨处理。The aggregate is previously subjected to ball milling.
作为上述方案的改进,所述骨料预先经过球磨处理,包括:As an improvement of the above solution, the aggregate is previously subjected to ball milling, and includes:
将骨料送入球磨机内进行干磨,球磨机内不设有球石,骨料本身相互碰撞摩擦。The aggregate is sent into the ball mill for dry grinding. There is no ball stone in the ball mill, and the aggregate itself collides with each other.
作为上述方案的改进,所述面料的骨料包括:As an improvement of the above solution, the aggregate of the fabric comprises:
4-20目骨料   100wt%。4-20 mesh aggregate 100 wt%.
作为上述方案的改进,所述底料的骨料包括:As an improvement of the above scheme, the aggregate of the primer comprises:
4-20目骨料   20-50wt%4-20 mesh aggregate 20-50wt%
12-40目骨料  20-50wt%12-40 mesh aggregate 20-50wt%
<40目骨料   0-60wt%。<40 mesh aggregate 0-60 wt%.
作为上述方案的改进,所述聚丙烯酰胺溶液为聚丙烯酸钠、聚乙烯吡啶盐、聚乙烯亚胺中的一种或多种;As a modification of the above solution, the polyacrylamide solution is one or more of sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyridine salt, and polyethyleneimine;
所述粘土为高岭土、黑泥、城市市政污泥中的一种或多种;The clay is one or more of kaolin, black mud, and municipal municipal sludge;
所述骨料包括废瓷砖、石材碎料、矿渣、煤矸石、链排炉渣中的一种或多种;其中,所述废瓷砖包括废抛光砖、废抛釉砖、废内墙砖、废仿古砖中的一种或多种;所述石材碎料包括花岗岩、罗源红、石英石、瓷石、钾长石、钠长石中的一种或多种;所述矿渣包括铁矿渣、铜矿渣中的一种或多种。The aggregate comprises one or more of waste ceramic tile, stone scrap, slag, coal gangue, and chain slag; wherein the waste tile comprises waste polished brick, waste polished glazed brick, waste interior wall brick, waste One or more of the antique bricks; the stone scrap material comprises one or more of granite, Luoyuan red, quartz stone, porcelain stone, potassium feldspar, albite; the slag includes iron ore slag, copper One or more of the slag.
作为上述方案的改进,所述底料与面料的用量重量比为70-100:0-30。As an improvement of the above scheme, the weight ratio of the primer to the fabric is 70-100:0-30.
相应的,本发明还提供一种不易堵塞的烧结透水砖的制备方法,包括:Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a sintered water permeable brick which is not easy to block, and includes:
(一)将骨料破碎;(1) breaking the aggregate;
(二)将破碎后的骨料进行球磨处理;(2) subjecting the crushed aggregate to ball milling;
(三)将球磨后的骨料过筛,得到不同粒度范围的颗粒;(3) sieving the ball-milled aggregate to obtain particles of different particle size ranges;
(四)将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶,并搅拌均匀,得到底料;将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶和色料,并搅拌均匀,得到面料;(4) adding the aggregated granules after sieving to the binder base and liquid glue, and stirring them evenly to obtain a primer; adding the granules after sieving to the binder base, liquid glue and colorant, And stir evenly to obtain a fabric;
(五)将搅拌后的面料和底料经两次布料并压制成型,得到坯体;(5) After the agitated fabric and the base material are twice clothed and pressed to form a green body;
(六)将坯体在窑炉内经过烧制,得到成品。(6) The body is fired in a kiln to obtain a finished product.
作为上述方案的改进,步骤(二)包括:As an improvement of the above scheme, step (2) includes:
将骨料送入球磨机内进行干磨,球磨机内不设有球石,骨料本身相互碰撞摩擦。The aggregate is sent into the ball mill for dry grinding. There is no ball stone in the ball mill, and the aggregate itself collides with each other.
作为上述方案的改进,所述压制成型步骤中,压机的压力为1500-2000T;As an improvement of the above solution, in the press forming step, the pressure of the press is 1500-2000T;
所述烧制步骤中,烧制的温度为1100-1220℃。In the firing step, the firing temperature is 1100-1220 °C.
实施本发明,具有如下有益效果:The implementation of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明透水砖主要由骨料、粘结剂组成,其中,骨料可以是废瓷砖、石材碎料、矿渣、煤矸石、链排炉渣的一种或多种,而且,骨料的用量比普通的透水砖要高很多,骨料的用量>85%,可以大量消耗废瓷砖、石材碎料、矿渣、煤矸石、链排炉渣等固体废料,达到高度回收利用固体废料的目的,变废为宝,环保节能。The permeable brick of the invention is mainly composed of aggregate and binder, wherein the aggregate can be one or more of waste ceramic tile, stone scrap, slag, coal gangue, chain slag, and the amount of aggregate is more common. The permeable bricks are much higher, and the amount of aggregates is >85%. It can consume a large amount of solid waste such as waste ceramic tiles, stone scraps, slag, coal gangue, chain slag, etc., to achieve the purpose of highly recycling solid waste, turning waste into treasure. ,energy saving.
所述粘结剂包括粘结基料和液体胶,粘结基料可以是膨润土、高岭土、黑泥或城市市政污泥中的一种或多种,本发明粘结剂创新性地加入液体胶,首先大大增加了粘结剂的极限荷载,粘结剂的极限荷载高达150.8N,提高了透水砖的坯体强度;其次,本发明粘结剂使得坯体易成型,简化成型的工序,降低成型的难度;最后,本发明粘结剂操作简单,只需简单混料即可,无需预先混合球磨的步骤,简化工序,降低成本。The binder comprises a binder base and a liquid glue, and the binder base may be one or more of bentonite, kaolin, black mud or municipal municipal sludge, and the binder of the invention is innovatively added to the liquid glue. Firstly, the ultimate load of the binder is greatly increased, and the ultimate load of the binder is as high as 150.8 N, which improves the strength of the permeable brick; secondly, the binder of the invention makes the blank easy to form, simplifies the molding process, and reduces The difficulty of molding; finally, the binder of the invention is simple to operate, and only simple mixing is required, and the step of ball milling is not required to be mixed, the process is simplified, and the cost is reduced.
本发明透水砖的制备方法包括原料破碎、筛分、配料、混料搅拌、压制成型、烧制等步骤,本发明的粘结剂无需球磨,简化工序,降低成本,缩短生产时间,且经过上述制备方法制得的透水砖,其强度高、透水性优异、抗冻性强。The preparation method of the permeable brick of the invention comprises the steps of raw material crushing, sieving, compounding, mixing stirring, press forming, firing, etc., the binder of the invention does not need ball milling, simplifies the process, reduces the cost, shortens the production time, and after the above The permeable brick prepared by the preparation method has high strength, excellent water permeability and strong frost resistance.
而且,本发明面料的骨料预先经过球磨处理,具体是在不加入球磨介质的前提下将骨料进行干磨,骨料的颗粒经过球磨后表面变得相对圆滑没有毛刺,从而使得雨水(污水)中的颗粒或纤维类物质不易挂壁,较易通过,且孔洞间隙不易堵塞。Moreover, the aggregate of the fabric of the present invention is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, specifically, the aggregate is dry-ground without adding a ball milling medium, and the particles of the aggregate are relatively smooth and have no burrs after ball milling, thereby causing rainwater (sewage) The particles or fibrous substances in the ) are not easy to hang on the wall, and are easy to pass, and the gap between the holes is not easily blocked.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是现有不易堵塞的烧结透水砖的工艺流程图;1 is a process flow diagram of a conventional sintered water permeable brick that is not easily blocked;
图2是本发明不易堵塞的烧结透水砖的工艺流程图。2 is a process flow diagram of a sintered water permeable brick that is not easily blocked by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步地详细描述。In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本发明提供了一种不易堵塞的烧结透水砖,包括面料和底料,所述底料与面料的用量重量比为70-100:0-30。优选的,所述底料与面料的用量重量比为80-90:10-20。当面料混合料为0时,透水砖只包括底层,其制成通体砖。当透水砖需要颜色时,透水砖包括面层和底层,底料混合料与面料混合料的用量重量比为70-99.9:0.1-30。The invention provides a sintered water-permeable brick which is not easy to be blocked, and comprises a fabric and a bottom material. The weight ratio of the primer to the fabric is 70-100:0-30. Preferably, the weight ratio of the primer to the fabric is 80-90:10-20. When the fabric mix is 0, the permeable brick only includes the bottom layer, which is made into a whole body brick. When the permeable brick requires color, the permeable brick includes a top layer and a bottom layer, and the weight ratio of the bottom material mixture to the fabric mixture is 70-99.9: 0.1-30.
其中,所述底料以质量份计的主要原料如下:Wherein, the main raw materials of the bottom material in parts by mass are as follows:
骨料      80-100份Aggregate 80-100 parts
粘结基料  3-12份Bonding base 3-12 parts
液体胶    3-12份;Liquid glue 3-12 parts;
所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种。The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution.
所述面料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000005
所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种。The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution.
本发明选用特定的粘结剂,其由粘结基料和液体胶组成,其中,粘结基料具有可塑性,可帮助成型及增强坯体强度,液体胶可以使炉渣和粘结基料的结合更为紧密。二者配合,可以确保透水砖在生产过程中具有好的强度及好的烧成性能。The invention selects a specific binder, which is composed of a binder base and a liquid glue, wherein the binder base has plasticity, can help shape and strengthen the strength of the body, and the liquid glue can combine the slag and the binder base. More closely. The combination of the two ensures that the permeable brick has good strength and good firing performance in the production process.
具体的,本发明透水砖的强度主要是分别指两个阶段:一个阶段是压机成型后的成型强 度(主要是保障成型坯体在烧成前不易破损),一个是烧成后的成品强度(主要是产品最终的使用性能,产品使用时能够承受多大的压力,比如车能不能直接压上去等)。本发明液体胶主要是用于保障配方的成型性能及成型强度;粘结基料主要是经过高温烧结后能够在颗粒与颗粒之间起到粘结作用,是用于保障最终产品的强度。Specifically, the strength of the permeable brick of the present invention mainly refers to two stages: one stage is the forming strength after the forming of the press (mainly to ensure that the formed body is not easily broken before firing), and the other is the strength of the finished product after firing. (Mainly the final performance of the product, how much pressure the product can withstand, such as whether the car can be directly pressed, etc.). The liquid glue of the invention is mainly used for ensuring the forming property and the forming strength of the formulation; the bonding base is mainly capable of bonding between the particles and the particles after being sintered at a high temperature, and is used for ensuring the strength of the final product.
所述骨料预先经过球磨处理,包括:将骨料送入球磨机内进行干磨,球磨机内不设有球石,骨料本身相互碰撞摩擦。The aggregate is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, comprising: feeding the aggregate into the ball mill for dry grinding, and the ball mill is not provided with the ball stone, and the aggregate itself collides with each other.
本发明面料的骨料预先经过球磨处理,骨料的颗粒经过球磨后表面变得相对圆滑没有毛刺,从而使得雨水(污水)中的颗粒或纤维类物质不易挂壁,较易通过,且孔洞间隙不易堵塞。The aggregate of the fabric of the invention is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, and the surface of the aggregate becomes relatively round and burr-free after ball milling, so that particles or fibrous substances in the rainwater (sewage) are not easy to hang, and are easy to pass, and the gap between the holes Not easy to block.
作为本发明优选的实施方式,所述底料以质量份计的主要原料如下:As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main raw materials of the primer in parts by mass are as follows:
骨料      90-96份Aggregate 90-96 parts
粘结基料  5-8份Bonding base 5-8 parts
液体胶    8-8份Liquid glue 8-8 parts
所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种;The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
所述面料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000006
所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种。The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution.
作为本发明更佳的实施方式,所述粘结剂还加入熔块,即,As a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the binder is further added to the frit, ie,
所述底料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The main raw materials of the bottom material in parts by mass are as follows:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000007
所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种;The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
所述面料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000008
所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种。The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution.
所述骨料预先经过球磨处理,包括:将骨料送入球磨机内进行干磨,球磨机内不设有球石,骨料本身相互碰撞摩擦。The aggregate is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, comprising: feeding the aggregate into the ball mill for dry grinding, and the ball mill is not provided with the ball stone, and the aggregate itself collides with each other.
本发明面料的骨料预先经过球磨处理,骨料的颗粒经过球磨后表面变得相对圆滑没有毛刺,从而使得雨水(污水)中的颗粒或纤维类物质不易挂壁,较易通过,且孔洞间隙不易堵塞。The aggregate of the fabric of the invention is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, and the surface of the aggregate becomes relatively round and burr-free after ball milling, so that particles or fibrous substances in the rainwater (sewage) are not easy to hang, and are easy to pass, and the gap between the holes Not easy to block.
本发明加入熔块后,可以提高产品强度及降低透水砖的烧成温度。After the invention is added to the frit, the strength of the product can be improved and the firing temperature of the permeable brick can be lowered.
在上述任一配方中,所述聚丙烯酰胺溶液优选为聚丙烯酸钠、聚乙烯吡啶盐、聚乙烯亚胺中的一种或多种。本发明选用聚丙烯酸钠、聚乙烯吡啶盐、聚乙烯亚胺等高分子有机絮凝剂,使得液体胶可以充分包裹透水砖骨料颗粒的表面,提高透水砖的强度。In any of the above formulations, the polyacrylamide solution is preferably one or more of sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyridine salt, and polyethyleneimine. The invention selects a polymer organic flocculant such as sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyridinium salt or polyethyleneimine, so that the liquid glue can fully wrap the surface of the permeable brick aggregate particles and improve the strength of the permeable brick.
所述粘土为高岭土、黑泥、城市市政污泥中的一种或多种。本发明不单可以使用膨润土,还可以使用高岭土、黑泥、城市市政污泥等粘土,大大提高了应用的便利性,原料来源丰富。The clay is one or more of kaolin, black mud, and municipal municipal sludge. The present invention can not only use bentonite, but also use clay such as kaolin, black mud, and municipal municipal sludge, which greatly improves the convenience of application and is rich in raw materials.
本发明采用粘结基料和液体胶组成粘结剂,粘结剂在加入等量的情况下,本发明粘结剂与现有粘结剂的性能对比如下:The invention adopts a binder base and a liquid glue to form a binder. When the binder is added in an equal amount, the performance of the binder of the present invention and the existing binder is as follows:
粘结剂Binder 测试坯体尺寸(mm)Test blank size (mm) 极限荷载(N)Ultimate load (N) 成本cost
市场现有粘结剂Market existing binder 80×40×1580×40×15 62-6562-65 7.92元/平方7.92 yuan / square
本发明粘结剂Binder of the invention 80×40×1580×40×15 150-160150-160 3.2元/平方3.2 yuan / square
本发明粘结剂创新性地加入液体胶,首先大大增加了粘结剂的极限荷载,本发明粘结剂的极限荷载高达150.8N,提高了透水砖的坯体强度;其次,本发明粘结剂使得坯体易成型,简化成型的工序,降低成型的难度;最后,本发明粘结剂操作简单,只需简单混料即 可,无需预先混合球磨的步骤,简化工序,降低成本。The adhesive of the invention is innovatively added to the liquid glue, firstly increasing the ultimate load of the binder, and the ultimate load of the binder of the invention is up to 150.8 N, which improves the strength of the green body of the permeable brick; secondly, the bonding of the invention The agent makes the blank easy to form, simplifies the molding process, and reduces the difficulty of molding; finally, the binder of the invention is simple to operate, and only needs simple mixing, no need to pre-mix the ball milling step, simplify the process, and reduce the cost.
进一步,所述骨料包括废瓷砖、石材碎料、矿渣、煤矸石、链排炉渣中的一种或多种;其中,所述废瓷砖包括废抛光砖、废抛釉砖、废内墙砖、废仿古砖中的一种或多种;所述石材碎料包括花岗岩、罗源红、石英石、瓷石、钾长石、钠长石中的一种或多种;所述矿渣包括铁矿渣、铜矿渣中的一种或多种。Further, the aggregate comprises one or more of waste ceramic tile, stone scrap, slag, coal gangue, and chain slag; wherein the waste tile comprises waste polished brick, waste polished glazed brick, waste interior wall brick One or more of the waste antique bricks; the stone scrap material comprises one or more of granite, Luoyuan red, quartz stone, porcelain stone, potassium feldspar, and albite; the slag includes iron ore slag One or more of copper slag.
优选的,所述骨料包括废瓷砖、石材碎料、矿渣、煤矸石、链排炉渣中的一种;其中,所述废瓷砖包括废抛光砖、废抛釉砖、废内墙砖、废仿古砖中的一种;所述石材碎料包括花岗岩、罗源红、石英石、瓷石、钾长石、钠长石中的一种;所述矿渣包括铁矿渣、铜矿渣中的一种。Preferably, the aggregate comprises one of waste ceramic tile, stone scrap, slag, coal gangue, and chain slag; wherein the waste ceramic tile comprises waste polished brick, waste polished glazed brick, waste interior wall brick, waste One of the antique bricks; the stone scrap material comprises one of granite, Luoyuan red, quartz stone, porcelain stone, potassium feldspar, and albite; the slag includes one of iron ore slag and copper slag .
本发明的骨料可以选用多种原料,而不仅仅局限于废抛光砖,而且,骨料的用量比普通的透水砖要高很多,骨料的用量>85%,可以大量消耗废瓷砖、石材碎料、矿渣、煤矸石、链排炉渣等固体废料,达到高度回收利用固体废料的目的,变废为宝,环保节能。The aggregate of the invention can be selected from a variety of raw materials, not limited to waste polished tiles, and the amount of aggregate is much higher than that of ordinary permeable bricks. The amount of aggregates is >85%, which can consume a large amount of waste tiles and stones. Solid waste such as scrap, slag, coal gangue, chain slag, etc., achieve the purpose of highly recycling solid waste, turning waste into treasure, environmental protection and energy saving.
为了改善透水砖的强度,提高透水砖坯体的成型性能,所述骨料选用特定颗粒度搭配,具体如下:In order to improve the strength of the permeable brick and improve the forming performance of the permeable brick body, the aggregate is selected with a specific particle size, as follows:
所述面料的骨料包括:The aggregate of the fabric includes:
4-20目骨料   100wt%。4-20 mesh aggregate 100 wt%.
所述面料的骨料选用4-20目的骨料,这种颗粒级配有助于成品形成孔洞,达到透水效果,而且获得良好的外观性能和舒适度。The aggregate of the fabric is selected from 4-20 mesh aggregates, and the particle grading helps the finished product to form holes, achieves a water permeable effect, and obtains good appearance performance and comfort.
如果面料颗粒太大,一方面成品表面太粗糙,不适合于广场砖使用,人走到上面或者单车骑在上面影响舒适度,另一方面,砖坯表面的平整度会比较差,尤其边缘位置不平整,铺贴出来美观度和密合度较差。If the fabric particles are too large, on the one hand, the surface of the finished product is too rough, which is not suitable for the use of square tiles. When people walk up or ride on the bicycle to affect the comfort, on the other hand, the flatness of the surface of the brick will be poor, especially the edge position is not Leveling, paving out the aesthetics and tightness.
所述底料的骨料包括:The aggregate of the primer includes:
4-20目骨料   20-50wt%4-20 mesh aggregate 20-50wt%
12-40目骨料  20-50wt%12-40 mesh aggregate 20-50wt%
<40目骨料   0-60wt%。<40 mesh aggregate 0-60 wt%.
所述底料的骨料选用4-20目、12-40目以及<40目的骨料,并且4-20目、12-40目以及<40目的骨料按一定配比混合,这种颗粒级配有助于成品形成孔洞,达到透水效果。而且,在满足产品最终强度的情况下还可以尽可能让破碎出来的料都基本能用完,不留有余料,节约成本,避免浪费。The aggregate of the bottom material is selected from the group consisting of 4-20 mesh, 12-40 mesh and <40 mesh aggregate, and the aggregates of 4-20 mesh, 12-40 mesh and <40 mesh are mixed according to a certain ratio. Matching helps the finished product to form holes and achieve a water permeable effect. Moreover, in the case of satisfying the final strength of the product, the broken materials can be used up as much as possible, leaving no surplus material, saving costs and avoiding waste.
相应的,如图2所示,本发明还提供一种不易堵塞的烧结透水砖的制备方法,包括:Correspondingly, as shown in FIG. 2, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a sintered water-permeable brick which is not easy to block, and includes:
(一)将骨料破碎;(1) breaking the aggregate;
(二)将破碎后的骨料进行球磨处理;(2) subjecting the crushed aggregate to ball milling;
具体的,所述骨料预先经过球磨处理,包括:将骨料送入球磨机内进行干磨,球磨机内不设有球石,骨料本身相互碰撞摩擦。Specifically, the aggregate is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, comprising: feeding the aggregate into the ball mill for dry grinding, and the ball mill is not provided with ball stones, and the aggregate itself collides with each other.
本发明面料的骨料预先经过球磨处理,骨料的颗粒经过球磨后表面变得相对圆滑没有毛刺,从而使得雨水(污水)中的颗粒或纤维类物质不易挂壁,较易通过,且孔洞间隙不易堵塞。The aggregate of the fabric of the invention is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, and the surface of the aggregate becomes relatively round and burr-free after ball milling, so that particles or fibrous substances in the rainwater (sewage) are not easy to hang, and are easy to pass, and the gap between the holes Not easy to block.
(三)将球磨后的骨料过筛,得到不同粒度范围的颗粒;(3) sieving the ball-milled aggregate to obtain particles of different particle size ranges;
(四)将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶,并搅拌均匀,得到底料;将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶和色料,并搅拌均匀,得到面料;(4) adding the aggregated granules after sieving to the binder base and liquid glue, and stirring them evenly to obtain a primer; adding the granules after sieving to the binder base, liquid glue and colorant, And stir evenly to obtain a fabric;
(五)将搅拌后的面料和底料经两次布料并压制成型,得到坯体;(5) After the agitated fabric and the base material are twice clothed and pressed to form a green body;
所述压制成型步骤中,压机的压力为1500-2000T。优选的,压机的压力为1600-1800T。In the press forming step, the pressure of the press is 1500-2000T. Preferably, the pressure of the press is 1600-1800T.
(六)将坯体在窑炉内经过烧制,得到成品。(6) The body is fired in a kiln to obtain a finished product.
所述烧制步骤中,烧制的温度为1100-1220℃。优选的,烧制的温度为1180-1200℃。In the firing step, the firing temperature is 1100-1220 °C. Preferably, the firing temperature is from 1120 to 1200 °C.
本发明制得的透水砖与现有透水砖,其性能对比如下:The performance comparison between the permeable bricks prepared by the present invention and the existing permeable bricks is as follows:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000009
需要说明的是,本发明抗压强度在是温度27℃、湿度53%的条件下,通过YQ027 SHT4305微机控制电液伺服试验机测得,所述透水砖的试样样品规格如下:长68mm、宽64mm。抗冻性的检测标准参照标准JG/T 376-2012进行。It should be noted that the compressive strength of the present invention is measured by a YQ027 SHT4305 microcomputer controlled electro-hydraulic servo tester under the conditions of a temperature of 27 ° C and a humidity of 53%, and the sample size of the permeable brick sample is as follows: length 68 mm, 64mm wide. The detection standard for frost resistance is carried out in accordance with the standard JG/T 376-2012.
由上可知,与现有技术相比,本发明的抗压强度有了显著的提升,透水系数也有了显著了改善,且抗冻性也好,其中,经过25次冻融循环后,质量损失少,强度损失少。As can be seen from the above, compared with the prior art, the compressive strength of the present invention is significantly improved, the water permeability coefficient is also significantly improved, and the frost resistance is also good, wherein after 25 freeze-thaw cycles, the mass loss Less, less strength loss.
下面以具体实施例进一步阐述本发明The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
实施例1Example 1
(一)配方:包括面料和底料,其中,所述底料以质量份计的主要原料如下:(1) Formulation: including fabric and base material, wherein the main raw materials of the base material in parts by mass are as follows:
骨料      80kgAggregate 80kg
粘结基料  3kgBonding base 3kg
液体胶    3kg;Liquid glue 3kg;
所述粘结基料为膨润土,所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液;The bonding base is bentonite, and the liquid glue is a silica sol solution;
所述面料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000010
所述粘结基料为膨润土,所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液;The bonding base is bentonite, and the liquid glue is a silica sol solution;
(二)制备方法(2) Preparation method
(1)将骨料破碎;(1) breaking the aggregate;
(2)将破碎后的骨料送入球磨机内进行干磨,球磨机内不设有球石,骨料本身相互碰撞摩擦;(2) The crushed aggregate is sent into a ball mill for dry grinding, and the ball mill is not provided with ball stones, and the aggregates themselves collide and rub;
(3)将球磨后的骨料过筛,得到不同粒度范围的颗粒;(3) sieving the ball-milled aggregate to obtain particles of different particle size ranges;
(4)将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶,并搅拌均匀,得到底料;将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶和色料,并搅拌均匀,得到面料;(4) adding the granules after sieving to the binder base, liquid glue, and stirring uniformly to obtain a primer; adding the granules after sieving to the binder base, liquid glue and colorant, And stir evenly to obtain a fabric;
(5)将搅拌后的面料和底料经两次布料并压制成型,压机的压力为1500T,得到坯体;(5) After the agitated fabric and the base material are twice clothed and pressed, the pressure of the press is 1500T to obtain a green body;
(6)将坯体在窑炉内经过烧制,烧制的温度为1100℃,得到成品。(6) The green body is fired in a kiln, and the firing temperature is 1100 ° C to obtain a finished product.
实施例2Example 2
(一)配方:包括面料和底料,其中,所述底料以质量份计的主要原料如下:(1) Formulation: including fabric and base material, wherein the main raw materials of the base material in parts by mass are as follows:
骨料      90kgAggregate 90kg
粘结基料  4kgBonding base 4kg
液体胶    4kg;Liquid glue 4kg;
所述粘结基料为高岭土,所述液体胶为聚丙烯酸钠;The binder base is kaolin, and the liquid glue is sodium polyacrylate;
所述面料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000011
所述粘结基料为高岭土,所述液体胶为聚丙烯酸钠;The binder base is kaolin, and the liquid glue is sodium polyacrylate;
(二)制备方法(2) Preparation method
(1)将骨料破碎;(1) breaking the aggregate;
(2)将破碎后的骨料送入球磨机内进行干磨,球磨机内不设有球石,骨料本身相互碰撞摩擦;(2) The crushed aggregate is sent into a ball mill for dry grinding, and the ball mill is not provided with ball stones, and the aggregates themselves collide and rub;
(3)将球磨后的骨料过筛,得到不同粒度范围的颗粒;(3) sieving the ball-milled aggregate to obtain particles of different particle size ranges;
(4)将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶,并搅拌均匀,得到底料;将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶和色料,并搅拌均匀,得到面料;(4) adding the granules after sieving to the binder base, liquid glue, and stirring uniformly to obtain a primer; adding the granules after sieving to the binder base, liquid glue and colorant, And stir evenly to obtain a fabric;
(5)将搅拌后的面料和底料经两次布料并压制成型,压机的压力为1800T,得到坯体;(5) After the agitated fabric and the base material are twice clothed and pressed, the pressure of the press is 1800T to obtain a green body;
(6)将坯体在窑炉内经过烧制,烧制的温度为1180℃,得到成品。(6) The green body is fired in a kiln, and the firing temperature is 1180 ° C to obtain a finished product.
实施例3Example 3
(一)配方:包括面料和底料,其中,所述底料以质量份计的主要原料如下:(1) Formulation: including fabric and base material, wherein the main raw materials of the base material in parts by mass are as follows:
骨料      95kgAggregate 95kg
粘结基料  8kgBonding base 8kg
液体胶    8kg;Liquid glue 8kg;
所述粘结基料为城市市政污泥,所述液体胶为瓜尔豆胶溶液;The bonding base is a municipal municipal sludge, and the liquid glue is a guar gum solution;
所述面料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000012
所述粘结基料为城市市政污泥,所述液体胶为瓜尔豆胶溶液;The bonding base is a municipal municipal sludge, and the liquid glue is a guar gum solution;
(二)制备方法(2) Preparation method
(1)将骨料破碎;(1) breaking the aggregate;
(2)将破碎后的骨料送入球磨机内进行干磨,球磨机内不设有球石,骨料本身相互碰 撞摩擦;(2) The crushed aggregate is sent into a ball mill for dry grinding, and the ball mill is not provided with ball stones, and the aggregates themselves collide with each other;
(3)将球磨后的骨料过筛,得到不同粒度范围的颗粒;(3) sieving the ball-milled aggregate to obtain particles of different particle size ranges;
(4)将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶,并搅拌均匀,得到底料;将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶和色料,并搅拌均匀,得到面料;(4) adding the granules after sieving to the binder base, liquid glue, and stirring uniformly to obtain a primer; adding the granules after sieving to the binder base, liquid glue and colorant, And stir evenly to obtain a fabric;
(5)将搅拌后的面料和底料经两次布料并压制成型,压机的压力为1900T,得到坯体;(5) The agitated fabric and the base material are twice clothed and pressed, and the pressure of the press is 1900T to obtain a green body;
(6)将坯体在窑炉内经过烧制,烧制的温度为1200℃,得到成品。(6) The green body is fired in a kiln, and the firing temperature is 1200 ° C to obtain a finished product.
实施例4Example 4
(一)配方:包括面料和底料,其中,所述底料以质量份计的主要原料如下:(1) Formulation: including fabric and base material, wherein the main raw materials of the base material in parts by mass are as follows:
骨料      100kgAggregate 100kg
粘结基料  6kgBonding base 6kg
液体胶    6kg;Liquid glue 6kg;
所述粘结基料为膨润土,所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液;The bonding base is bentonite, and the liquid glue is a silica sol solution;
所述面料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000013
所述粘结基料为膨润土,所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液;The bonding base is bentonite, and the liquid glue is a silica sol solution;
(二)制备方法(2) Preparation method
(1)将骨料破碎;(1) breaking the aggregate;
(2)将破碎后的骨料送入球磨机内进行干磨,球磨机内不设有球石,骨料本身相互碰撞摩擦;(2) The crushed aggregate is sent into a ball mill for dry grinding, and the ball mill is not provided with ball stones, and the aggregates themselves collide and rub;
(3)将球磨后的骨料过筛,得到不同粒度范围的颗粒;(3) sieving the ball-milled aggregate to obtain particles of different particle size ranges;
(4)将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶,并搅拌均匀,得到底料;将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶和色料,并搅拌均匀,得到面料;(4) adding the granules after sieving to the binder base, liquid glue, and stirring uniformly to obtain a primer; adding the granules after sieving to the binder base, liquid glue and colorant, And stir evenly to obtain a fabric;
(5)将搅拌后的面料和底料经两次布料并压制成型,压机的压力为1900T,得到坯体;(5) The agitated fabric and the base material are twice clothed and pressed, and the pressure of the press is 1900T to obtain a green body;
(6)将坯体在窑炉内经过烧制,烧制的温度为1210℃,得到成品。(6) The green body is fired in a kiln, and the firing temperature is 1210 ° C to obtain a finished product.
实施例5Example 5
(一)配方:包括底料,其中,所述底料以质量份计的主要原料如下:(1) Formulation: including the base material, wherein the main raw materials of the base material in parts by mass are as follows:
骨料      100kgAggregate 100kg
粘结基料  12kgBonding base 12kg
液体胶    12kg;Liquid glue 12kg;
所述粘结基料为膨润土,所述液体胶为聚丙烯酸钠;The bonding base is bentonite, and the liquid glue is sodium polyacrylate;
(二)制备方法(2) Preparation method
(1)将骨料破碎;(1) breaking the aggregate;
(2)将破碎后的骨料送入球磨机内进行干磨,球磨机内不设有球石,骨料本身相互碰撞摩擦;(2) The crushed aggregate is sent into a ball mill for dry grinding, and the ball mill is not provided with ball stones, and the aggregates themselves collide and rub;
(3)将球磨后的骨料过筛,得到不同粒度范围的颗粒;(3) sieving the ball-milled aggregate to obtain particles of different particle size ranges;
(4)将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶,并搅拌均匀,得到底料;(4) adding the aggregated aggregate particles to the binder base, liquid glue, and stirring uniformly to obtain a primer;
(5)将搅拌后的底料经布料并压制成型,压机的压力为2000T,得到坯体;(5) The agitated bottom material is subjected to fabric and compression molding, and the pressure of the press is 2000T to obtain a green body;
(6)将坯体在窑炉内经过烧制,烧制的温度为1220℃,得到成品。(6) The green body is fired in a kiln, and the firing temperature is 1220 ° C to obtain a finished product.
将实施例1-5做技术检测,结果如下:The technical tests of Examples 1-5 are carried out, and the results are as follows:
(一)力学性能测试:(1) Mechanical performance test:
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-000014
由上可知,本发明烧结透水砖,抗压强度≥55MPa,透水系数≥4.2*10 -2,且25次冻融循环后质量损失和抗压强度损失率都非常小,证明抗冻性好。 It can be seen from the above that the sintered permeable brick of the invention has a compressive strength ≥ 55 MPa, a water permeability coefficient ≥ 4.2 * 10 -2 , and the mass loss and compressive strength loss rate after 25 freeze-thaw cycles are very small, which proves that the frost resistance is good.
(二)透水性能测试:(2) Water permeability test:
取同样重量的普通透水砖a和本发明透水砖b,在同一时间内往普通透水砖a和本发明透水砖b的相同面积分别倒入100g处于悬浮状态的污水浆,当污水浆全部流完后,将普通透水砖a和本发明透水砖b分别称重,普通透水砖a和本发明透水砖b的增重具体如下:Taking the same weight of the ordinary permeable brick a and the permeable brick b of the present invention, the same area of the ordinary permeable brick a and the permeable brick b of the present invention are respectively poured into 100 g of the suspended sewage slurry at the same time, when the sewage slurry is completely discharged. After that, the ordinary permeable brick a and the permeable brick b of the present invention are respectively weighed, and the weight gain of the ordinary permeable brick a and the permeable brick b of the present invention is as follows:
项目project 普通透水砖Ordinary permeable brick 实施例1Example 1 实施例2Example 2 实施例3Example 3 实施例4Example 4 实施例5Example 5 实施例6Example 6
增重Weight gain 26.21g26.21g 16.01g16.01g 15.85g15.85g 17.15g17.15g 15.87g15.87g 16.34g16.34g 15.91g15.91g
由上可知,雨水(污水)中的颗粒或纤维类物质流经本发明透水砖时,不易挂壁,较易通过,污水浆流经后,残余在透水砖内的污水少,较普通透水砖减少接近40%。It can be seen from the above that when the granules or fiber materials in the rainwater (sewage) flow through the permeable brick of the present invention, it is not easy to hang the wall, and it is easy to pass. After the sewage slurry flows, the residual effluent in the permeable brick is less, compared with the ordinary permeable brick. Reduced by nearly 40%.
综上所述,实施本发明,具有如下有益效果:In summary, the implementation of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明透水砖主要由骨料、粘结剂组成,其中,骨料可以是废瓷砖、石材碎料、矿渣、煤矸石、链排炉渣的一种或多种,而且,骨料的用量比普通的透水砖要高很多,骨料的用量>85%,可以大量消耗废瓷砖、石材碎料、矿渣、煤矸石、链排炉渣等固体废料,达到高度回收利用固体废料的目的,变废为宝,环保节能。The permeable brick of the invention is mainly composed of aggregate and binder, wherein the aggregate can be one or more of waste ceramic tile, stone scrap, slag, coal gangue, chain slag, and the amount of aggregate is more common. The permeable bricks are much higher, and the amount of aggregates is >85%. It can consume a large amount of solid waste such as waste ceramic tiles, stone scraps, slag, coal gangue, chain slag, etc., to achieve the purpose of highly recycling solid waste, turning waste into treasure. ,energy saving.
所述粘结剂包括粘结基料和液体胶,粘结基料可以是膨润土、高岭土、黑泥或城市市政污泥中的一种或多种,本发明粘结剂创新性地加入液体胶,首先大大增加了粘结剂的极限荷载,粘结剂的极限荷载高达150.8N,提高了透水砖的坯体强度;其次,本发明粘结剂使得坯体易成型,简化成型的工序,降低成型的难度;最后,本发明粘结剂操作简单,只需简单混料即可,无需预先混合球磨的步骤,简化工序,降低成本。The binder comprises a binder base and a liquid glue, and the binder base may be one or more of bentonite, kaolin, black mud or municipal municipal sludge, and the binder of the invention is innovatively added to the liquid glue. Firstly, the ultimate load of the binder is greatly increased, and the ultimate load of the binder is as high as 150.8 N, which improves the strength of the permeable brick; secondly, the binder of the invention makes the blank easy to form, simplifies the molding process, and reduces The difficulty of molding; finally, the binder of the invention is simple to operate, and only simple mixing is required, and the step of ball milling is not required to be mixed, the process is simplified, and the cost is reduced.
本发明透水砖的制备方法包括原料破碎、筛分、配料、混料搅拌、压制成型、烧制等步骤,本发明的粘结剂无需球磨,简化工序,降低成本,缩短生产时间,且经过上述制备方法制得的透水砖,其强度高、透水性优异、抗冻性强。The preparation method of the permeable brick of the invention comprises the steps of raw material crushing, sieving, compounding, mixing stirring, press forming, firing, etc., the binder of the invention does not need ball milling, simplifies the process, reduces the cost, shortens the production time, and after the above The permeable brick prepared by the preparation method has high strength, excellent water permeability and strong frost resistance.
而且,本发明面料的骨料预先经过球磨处理,具体是在不加入球磨介质的前提下将骨料进行干磨,骨料的颗粒经过球磨后表面变得相对圆滑没有毛刺,从而使得雨水(污水)中的颗粒或纤维类物质不易挂壁,较易通过,且孔洞间隙不易堵塞。Moreover, the aggregate of the fabric of the present invention is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, specifically, the aggregate is dry-ground without adding a ball milling medium, and the particles of the aggregate are relatively smooth and have no burrs after ball milling, thereby causing rainwater (sewage) The particles or fibrous substances in the ) are not easy to hang on the wall, and are easy to pass, and the gap between the holes is not easily blocked.
最后所应当说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。It should be noted that the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, although the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, The technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or equivalently substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种不易堵塞的烧结透水砖,其特征在于,包括面料和底料,其中,所述底料以质量份计的主要原料如下:A sintered water-permeable brick which is not easy to be blocked, and is characterized in that it comprises a fabric and a bottom material, wherein the main raw materials of the base material in parts by mass are as follows:
    骨料      80-100份Aggregate 80-100 parts
    粘结基料  3-12份Bonding base 3-12 parts
    液体胶    3-12份;Liquid glue 3-12 parts;
    所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
    所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种;The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
    所述面料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
    Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-100001
    所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
    所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种;The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
    所述骨料预先经过球磨处理。The aggregate is previously subjected to ball milling.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的不易堵塞的烧结透水砖,其特征在于,包括面料和底料,其中,所述底料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The non-blocking sintered water-permeable brick according to claim 1, comprising a fabric and a base, wherein the main raw materials of the base in parts by mass are as follows:
    Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-100002
    所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
    所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种;The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
    所述面料以质量份计的主要原料如下:The main raw materials of the fabric in parts by mass are as follows:
    Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2018100125-appb-100003
    所述粘结基料为膨润土、粘土中的一种或多种;The bonding base is one or more of bentonite and clay;
    所述液体胶为硅溶胶溶液、聚丙烯酰胺溶液、瓜尔豆胶溶液的一种或多种;The liquid glue is one or more of a silica sol solution, a polyacrylamide solution, and a guar gum solution;
    所述骨料预先经过球磨处理。The aggregate is previously subjected to ball milling.
  3. 如权利要求1-2任一项所述的不易堵塞的烧结透水砖,其特征在于,所述骨料预先经过球磨处理,包括:The non-blocking sintered water-permeable brick according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the aggregate is subjected to ball milling treatment in advance, comprising:
    将骨料送入球磨机内进行干磨,球磨机内不设有球石,骨料本身相互碰撞摩擦。The aggregate is sent into the ball mill for dry grinding. There is no ball stone in the ball mill, and the aggregate itself collides with each other.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的不易堵塞的烧结透水砖,其特征在于,所述面料的骨料包括:The non-blocking sintered water permeable brick according to claim 3, wherein the aggregate of the fabric comprises:
    4-20目骨料  100wt%。4-20 mesh aggregate 100 wt%.
  5. 如权利要求3所述的不易堵塞的烧结透水砖,其特征在于,所述底料的骨料包括:The non-blocking sintered water permeable brick according to claim 3, wherein the aggregate of the primer comprises:
    4-20目骨料  20-50wt%4-20 mesh aggregate 20-50wt%
    12-40目骨料 20-50wt%12-40 mesh aggregate 20-50wt%
    <40目骨料  0-60wt%。<40 mesh aggregate 0-60 wt%.
  6. 如权利要求1-2任一项所述的不易堵塞的烧结透水砖,其特征在于,所述聚丙烯酰胺溶液为聚丙烯酸钠、聚乙烯吡啶盐、聚乙烯亚胺中的一种或多种;The non-blocking sintered water-permeable brick according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the polyacrylamide solution is one or more of sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyridinium salt and polyethyleneimine. ;
    所述粘土为高岭土、黑泥、城市市政污泥中的一种或多种;The clay is one or more of kaolin, black mud, and municipal municipal sludge;
    所述骨料包括废瓷砖、石材碎料、矿渣、煤矸石、链排炉渣中的一种或多种;其中,所述废瓷砖包括废抛光砖、废抛釉砖、废内墙砖、废仿古砖中的一种或多种;所述石材碎料包括花岗岩、罗源红、石英石、瓷石、钾长石、钠长石中的一种或多种;所述矿渣包括铁矿渣、铜矿渣中的一种或多种。The aggregate comprises one or more of waste ceramic tile, stone scrap, slag, coal gangue, and chain slag; wherein the waste tile comprises waste polished brick, waste polished glazed brick, waste interior wall brick, waste One or more of the antique bricks; the stone scrap material comprises one or more of granite, Luoyuan red, quartz stone, porcelain stone, potassium feldspar, albite; the slag includes iron ore slag, copper One or more of the slag.
  7. 如权利要求1-2任一项所述的不易堵塞的烧结透水砖,其特征在于,所述底料与面料的用量重量比为70-100:0-30。The non-blocking sintered water-permeable brick according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the weight ratio of the primer to the fabric is 70-100:0-30.
  8. 一种如权利要求1-7所述的不易堵塞的烧结透水砖的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:A method for preparing a non-blocking sintered water permeable brick according to any of claims 1-7, comprising:
    (一)将骨料破碎;(1) breaking the aggregate;
    (二)将破碎后的骨料进行球磨处理;(2) subjecting the crushed aggregate to ball milling;
    (三)将球磨后的骨料过筛,得到不同粒度范围的颗粒;(3) sieving the ball-milled aggregate to obtain particles of different particle size ranges;
    (四)将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶,并搅拌均匀,得到底料;将过筛后的骨料颗粒,加入粘结基料、液体胶和色料,并搅拌均匀,得到面料;(4) adding the aggregated granules after sieving to the binder base and liquid glue, and stirring them evenly to obtain a primer; adding the granules after sieving to the binder base, liquid glue and colorant, And stir evenly to obtain a fabric;
    (五)将搅拌后的面料和底料经两次布料并压制成型,得到坯体;(5) After the agitated fabric and the base material are twice clothed and pressed to form a green body;
    (六)将坯体在窑炉内经过烧制,得到成品。(6) The body is fired in a kiln to obtain a finished product.
  9. 如权利要求8所述的不易堵塞的烧结透水砖的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(二)包括:The method for preparing a non-blocking sintered water permeable brick according to claim 8, wherein the step (2) comprises:
    将骨料送入球磨机内进行干磨,球磨机内不设有球石,骨料本身相互碰撞摩擦。The aggregate is sent into the ball mill for dry grinding. There is no ball stone in the ball mill, and the aggregate itself collides with each other.
  10. 如权利要求8所述的不易堵塞的烧结透水砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述压制成型步骤中,压机的压力为1500-2000T;The method of preparing a non-blocking sintered water permeable brick according to claim 8, wherein in the press forming step, the pressure of the press is 1500-2000T;
    所述烧制步骤中,烧制的温度为1100-1220℃。In the firing step, the firing temperature is 1100-1220 °C.
PCT/CN2018/100125 2017-12-22 2018-08-11 Non-clogging sintered water-permeable brick and preparation method therefor WO2019119824A1 (en)

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