CN111892390A - Fast-fired thick ceramic brick prepared from raw-ore-mud-free blank and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Fast-fired thick ceramic brick prepared from raw-ore-mud-free blank and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a fast-fired thick ceramic tile prepared from raw-ore-mud-free green bodies and a preparation process thereof. The fast-fired thick ceramic brick comprises a raw ore mud-free blank body and a glaze layer arranged on the surface of the raw ore mud-free blank body, wherein the raw ore mud-free blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-42 parts of low-temperature sand, 6-12 parts of high-alumina sand, 10-18 parts of high-temperature sand, 16-23 parts of medium-temperature potassium sand, 8-15 parts of medium-low temperature sand, 4-8 parts of bentonite, 2-5 parts of flux raw materials, 0.5-1.0 part of water glass, 0.10-0.25 part of sodium naphthalene sulfonate and 0.2-0.3 part of high-efficiency reinforcing agent. The raw materials of the green body in the fast-fired thick ceramic brick adopt a raw-ore-free mud formula, and high-alumina sand and bentonite are used for replacing the traditional raw ore mud, so that the green body is easier to oxidize, and the problem of black core of the product is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a fast-fired thick ceramic tile prepared from raw-ore-mud-free green bodies and a preparation process thereof.
Background
With the rapid growth of national economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people in China, the requirements of people on building decoration materials are higher and higher, and the common external wall tiles and square tiles can not meet the aesthetic requirements of decoration. Under the rapid development environment of the current pottery building industry, people are increasingly interested in stone or stone-like decorative materials. Because the natural granite stone is a non-renewable resource, the exploitation of the natural stone in the market is strongly influenced, and the natural granite stone is expensive, high in hardness and difficult to process, so that the natural granite stone is difficult to widely use outdoors.
With the strict national requirements on environmental protection, the exploitation of raw materials of ceramic blanks is greatly influenced, and raw ore pug is one of important raw materials in the ceramic blanks, provides certain green strength for the ceramic blanks so as to facilitate the subsequent production process and ensure the quality of products. The yield of the ceramic raw slime is less and less due to the protection of ecological environment. Therefore, the new rock-imitating ceramic thick bricks are developed by utilizing low-grade ceramic gravels to replace natural rocks, thereby not only solving the requirement of human beings on the natural rocks, but also effectively solving the exploitation of the original ceramic slime and the natural rocks by the human beings, and ensuring the sustainable development of the ecological environment.
At present, the ceramic tiles produced in the ceramic industry are added with raw ore pug in a certain proportion to improve the bonding property of a blank body so as to be beneficial to the forming of the ceramic blank body. The raw ore mud is one of important raw materials in the ceramic body, and can improve the bonding property of the ceramic body, so that the green strength of the body is improved, a subsequent production process is facilitated, and the quality of a product is ensured. But the original slime is not easy to oxidize in the sintering process, and the black core of the product is easy to be caused. In addition to the reason of the thickness of the ceramic thick brick (from 15mm to 20mm, even thicker), the problem that the ceramic thick brick is easy to generate black core in the firing process due to more raw ore mud, so that the problems of slow kiln speed and high cost are caused, and the batch production of the ceramic thick brick is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the fast-fired thick ceramic brick without the raw ore mud blank, high-alumina sand, bentonite and a high-efficiency reinforcing agent are introduced into the fast-fired thick ceramic brick, the aluminum content of the blank is improved, the problems of black core and the like of the thick ceramic brick are solved, the exploitation of the raw ore mud of the ceramic is reduced, the production capacity can be improved, the fast firing is realized, and the production cost is reduced.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation process of the fast-fired thick ceramic brick without the raw slime blank, which has the advantages of simple operation, high production efficiency, fast firing realization, low production cost and suitability for large-scale production.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the fast-fired ceramic thick brick made of the raw-ore-slurry-free blank comprises the raw-ore-slurry-free blank and a glaze layer arranged on the surface of the raw-ore-slurry-free blank, wherein the raw-ore-slurry-free blank comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the efficient reinforcing agent is a water-soluble organic high molecular compound, and more preferably can be selected from at least one of ceramic efficient reinforcing agent FG-560 of the novel Guangdong material Co., Ltd, ceramic efficient reinforcing agent FG-235 of the novel Guangdong material Co., Ltd, 8# efficient blank dispergation reinforcing agent of the Yingchang chemical industry Co., Ltd and efficient reinforcing agent GA-432 of the Yangshan Yangsen chemical industry Co., Ltd.
Preferably, in the low-temperature sand, Al2O3Content of 13-16%, K2O content of 1-4%, Na2The O content is more than 5 percent; in the high-alumina sand, Al2O3The content is more than 28 percent; in the high-temperature sand, Al2O3Content > 18%, K2The content of O is 1-3%.
Preferably, in the medium-temperature potassium sand, K is2O content > 4%, Al2O3The content is 15-17%; in the medium-low temperature sand, Al2O3Content of 14-17%, K2O content of 2-5% and Na2The content of O is 2-5%; in the bentonite, Al2O3Contains 15-17% of K2The content of O is 1 to 3 percent; in the flux raw material, the content of MgO is 20-24%.
The raw ore mud belongs to a plastic raw material, provides adhesive property for a ceramic body so as to be beneficial to the forming of the ceramic body, and can improve the green body strength of the body so as to facilitate the subsequent production process, but the plastic raw material contains carbon, the influence of the carbon content on the black core of a product is very large, the higher the carbon content in the raw material is, the easier the black core is, the larger the influence on the black core of the product is, the raw ore mud is not easy to oxidize in the firing process, the black core of the product is easy to cause, particularly, the thick brick rock-imitating stone is difficult to oxidize, the black core of the product is easy to cause, and as shown in figure 1, the black core phenomenon after the body is fired by the raw ore white mud is serious.
The raw materials of the green body in the fast-fired thick ceramic brick adopt a raw-ore-free mud formula, and high-alumina sand and bentonite are used for replacing the traditional raw ore mud, so that the green body is easier to oxidize, and the problem of black core of the product is solved.
The high-alumina sand is introduced into the green body raw material in the fast-fired thick ceramic brick, compared with the traditional raw ore pug, the main chemical composition of the high-alumina sand contains more than 28 percent of aluminum, belongs to the kaolin raw material, improves the aluminum content of the green body without the raw ore pug, is beneficial to stabilizing the brick shape of the product, and simultaneously has certain bonding performance, provides the forming bonding performance for the green body raw material and solves the brick shape problem of the thick ceramic brick product; the adopted bentonite and high-efficiency reinforcing agent solve the problem of the raw material adhesive property of the blank without the original mineral mud, and the bentonite belongs to a viscous raw material and provides the blank with adhesive property. The efficient reinforcing agent is composed of a water-soluble organic high molecular compound, is added into a blank body and acts in an aqueous solution to form a high molecular polymer with enough chain length, and the high molecular polymer with enough chain length can bridge among ceramic blank body particles to generate a crosslinking effect to form an irregular network structure so as to tightly wrap the ceramic blank body particles, thereby increasing the strength of the blank body. The invention creates a formula of a raw ore-free mud blank to produce the thick ceramic brick without adopting raw ore mud, solves the problem of blank black core caused by thicker blank, realizes quick firing, improves the production yield and reduces the production cost.
Preferably, the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 49-55 parts of SiO216-21 parts of Al2O32-5 parts of CaO, 2-4 parts of MgO, 4-7 parts of BaO and 2-5 parts of K2O, 1-3 parts of Na2O, 2-3 parts of ZnO and 4-10 parts of ZrO2。
The other purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the preparation process of the fast-fired thick ceramic brick prepared from the raw-ore-mud-free blank comprises the following steps:
A. preparing raw ore-free slurry: mixing raw materials of the raw-ore-free mud blank according to the parts by weight, then carrying out ball milling, adding 32-35 parts of water, mixing and stirring to obtain raw-ore-free mud;
B. sieving and removing iron for the first time: b, screening the raw ore-free slurry prepared in the step A by a 70-80-mesh sieve and carrying out first iron removal treatment; the defects of blank foaming, karst caves, spot impurities and the like caused by coarse particles, iron impurities and the like can be reduced;
C. spray drying: b, ageing the raw ore-free slurry subjected to the first iron removal treatment in the step B for 12-36 hours, and then performing spray drying treatment to obtain ceramic powder;
D. sieving, removing iron for the second time and ageing: d, removing iron from the ceramic powder prepared in the step C, screening the ceramic powder by a screen with 10-14 meshes, and ageing for 12-36 hours;
E. pressing, forming and drying: d, pressing and forming the ceramic powder aged in the step D, and then drying to obtain a raw-ore-mud-free blank;
F. glaze spraying and sintering: applying the raw material of the glaze layer on the surface of the blank body without raw ore mud, and then sintering to obtain the fast-fired ceramic thick brick.
And B, after the step A, adding a pigment, mixing the pigment into the raw ore-free slurry according to the production requirement of the product, and uniformly mixing to prepare the spot color slurry required by production.
Such as: preparing black spot color slurry: adding 0.2-0.5% of brilliant black pigment into the slurry without raw ore, and uniformly mixing the slurry for later use.
Or preparing yellow spot color slurry: adding 0.15-0.35% of orange pigment into the slurry without raw ore, and uniformly mixing the slurry for later use.
Preferably, in the step A, ball milling is carried out until no raw ore mud blank material passes through a 325-mesh sieve, and the rest is 1.5-1.9%; the specific gravity of the raw ore-free slurry is 1.68-1.73; so that the raw ore-free slurry has better fluidity, and particularly, the viscosity of the raw ore-free slurry is 50-80 s.
In the step C, the water content of the prepared ceramic powder is 6.5-7.3%, and the particle size of the ceramic powder is 43-56% of 40 meshes.
In the step E, the thickness of the raw ore-free mud blank after the compression molding is 15-20mm, the drying temperature after the compression molding is 100-120 ℃, and the drying time is 60-75 min.
In the step F, the fineness of the raw material of the glaze layer is 325 meshes, the screen residue is 0.4-0.7%, and the glazing amount is 290-2The viscosity of the glaze layer raw material is 20-35s, and the specific gravity is 1.45-1.5.
In the step F, the firing temperature is 1210- & lt1225 & gt, and the firing time is 60-75 min.
The preparation process of the fast-fired thick ceramic brick is simple to operate, high in production efficiency, low in production cost and suitable for large-scale production, and fast firing is realized; mixing raw materials of a raw-ore-free mud blank, adding water to prepare raw-ore-free mud, and screening and removing iron for the first time to reduce defects of blank foaming, karst caves, spot impurities and the like caused by coarse particles, iron impurities and the like in the step B; and D, preparing ceramic powder after spray drying in the step C, and preparing the ceramic powder which can be directly pressed and molded after sieving, iron removal and ageing treatment in the step D. And E, pressing and forming the ceramic powder, drying, applying a glaze layer raw material on the surface of the ceramic powder to prepare a glaze layer, and finally directly firing to prepare the fast-fired thick ceramic brick. The problems of black core and the like of thick ceramic bricks are solved, the exploitation of original ceramic slime is reduced, the production capacity can be improved, the rapid firing is realized, and the production cost is reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the raw materials of the green body in the fast-fired thick ceramic brick adopt a raw-ore-free mud formula, and high-alumina sand and bentonite are used for replacing the traditional raw ore mud, so that the green body is easier to oxidize, and the problem of black core of the product is solved.
The high-alumina sand is introduced into the blank raw material, compared with the traditional raw ore pug, the main chemical composition of the high-alumina sand contains more than 28 percent of aluminum, belongs to the kaolin property raw material, improves the aluminum content of the blank without the raw ore pug, and is beneficial to stabilizing the brick shape of the product, and meanwhile, the high-alumina sand also has certain bonding property, provides the forming bonding property for the blank raw material and solves the brick shape problem of the thick ceramic brick product; the adopted bentonite and high-efficiency reinforcing agent solve the problem of the raw material adhesive property of the blank without the original mineral mud, and the bentonite belongs to a viscous raw material and provides the blank with adhesive property. The efficient reinforcing agent is composed of a water-soluble organic high molecular compound, is added into a blank body and acts in an aqueous solution to form a high molecular polymer with enough chain length, and the high molecular polymer with enough chain length can bridge among ceramic blank body particles to generate a crosslinking effect to form an irregular network structure so as to tightly wrap the ceramic blank body particles, thereby increasing the strength of the blank body. The invention creates a formula of a raw ore-free mud blank to produce the thick ceramic brick without adopting raw ore mud, solves the problem of blank black core caused by thicker blank, realizes quick firing, improves the production yield and reduces the production cost.
The preparation process of the fast-fired thick ceramic brick without the raw slime blank has the advantages of simple operation, high production efficiency, fast firing realization, low production cost and suitability for large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a black core phenomenon observation diagram after raw ore white mud is fired;
FIG. 2 is an observation view of the black core phenomenon in which high alumina sand was introduced;
FIG. 3 is a black heart observation image of the introduced bentonite;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fast-fired ceramic tile of the present invention;
the reference signs are: 1-no raw slime blank, 2-glaze layer.
Detailed Description
For the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings 1 to 4, and the content of the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
The utility model provides a do not have fast-fired ceramic thick brick that former slime body 1 was made, fast-fired ceramic thick brick include not have former slime body 1 and set up in there is not glaze layer 2 on former slime body 1 surface, no former slime body 1 includes the raw materials of following parts by weight:
in the low-temperature sand, Al2O3Content 13%, K2O content of 1% and Na2The O content is 10 percent; in the high-alumina sand, Al2O3The content is 28.5%; in the high-temperature sand, Al2O3Content of 18.5%, K2The O content was 3%.
In the medium temperature potassium sand, K24.5% of O and Al2O3The content is 15 percent; in the medium-low temperature sand, Al2O3Content 17%, K2O content of 2% and Na2An O content of2 percent; in the bentonite, Al2O3Contains 15% of K2The O content is 3 percent; in the flux raw material, the MgO content is 20%.
The high-efficiency reinforcing agent is a water-soluble organic high-molecular compound, and is further selected from ceramic high-efficiency reinforcing agents FG-560 of novel Guyue materials Co.
The glaze layer 2 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 49 parts of SiO216 parts of Al2O32 parts of CaO, 2 parts of MgO, 7 parts of BaO and 2 parts of K2O, 3 parts of Na2O, 2 parts of ZnO and 10 parts of ZrO2。
The preparation process of the fast-fired ceramic thick brick prepared from the raw-ore-slurry-free green body 1 comprises the following steps:
A. preparing raw ore-free slurry: mixing the raw material of the raw ore-free mud blank 1 according to the weight part, then carrying out ball milling, adding 32 parts of water, mixing and stirring to obtain raw ore-free mud;
B. sieving and removing iron for the first time: b, sieving the raw ore-free slurry prepared in the step A by a 70-mesh sieve and carrying out first iron removal treatment;
C. spray drying: b, ageing the raw ore-free slurry subjected to the first iron removal treatment in the step B for 12 hours, and then performing spray drying treatment to obtain ceramic powder;
D. sieving, removing iron for the second time and ageing: c, removing iron from the ceramic powder prepared in the step C, screening the ceramic powder by a 10-mesh screen, and ageing for 12 hours;
E. pressing, forming and drying: d, pressing and forming the ceramic powder aged in the step D, and then drying to obtain a raw ore-free mud blank 1;
F. glaze spraying and sintering: and (3) applying the raw material of the glaze layer 2 to the surface of the raw-ore-mud-free green body 1, and then sintering to obtain the fast-fired ceramic thick brick.
In the step A, ball milling is carried out until no raw ore mud blank 1 passes through a 325-mesh screen with 1.5 percent of residue; the specific gravity of the raw ore-free slurry is 1.68.
In the step C, the water content of the prepared ceramic powder is 6.5%, and the particle size of the ceramic powder is 43% of 40 meshes.
In the step E, the thickness of the raw-ore-mud-free blank body 1 after compression molding is 15mm, the drying temperature after compression molding is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 60 min.
In the step F, the fineness of the raw material of the glaze layer 2 is 325 meshes, the screen residue is 0.4 percent, and the glazing amount is 290g/m2。
In the step F, the sintering temperature is 1210 ℃ and the sintering time is 60 min.
Example 2
The utility model provides a do not have fast-fired ceramic thick brick that former slime body 1 was made, fast-fired ceramic thick brick include not have former slime body 1 and set up in there is not glaze layer 2 on former slime body 1 surface, no former slime body 1 includes the raw materials of following parts by weight:
in the low-temperature sand, Al2O3Content 14%, K2O content of 1% and Na2The O content is 9 percent; in the high-alumina sand, Al2O3The content is 29; in the high-temperature sand, Al2O319% of K2The O content was 2.5%.
In the medium temperature potassium sand, K24.8% of O and Al2O3The content is 15.5%; in the medium-low temperature sand, Al2O3Content 13%, K2O content of 2% and Na2The O content is 3 percent; in the bentonite, Al2O3Contains 15.5% of K2The O content is 2.5%; in the flux raw material, the MgO content is 24%.
The high-efficiency reinforcing agent is a water-soluble organic high-molecular compound, and is further selected from ceramic high-efficiency reinforcing agent FG-235 of novel Guyue materials Co.
The glaze layer 2 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 51 parts of SiO217 parts of Al2O33 parts of CaO, 2.5 parts of MgO, 6 parts of BaO and 2 parts of K2O, 2.5 parts of Na2O, 2.2 parts of ZnO and 8 parts of ZrO2。
The preparation process of the fast-fired ceramic thick brick prepared from the raw-ore-slurry-free green body 1 comprises the following steps:
A. preparing raw ore-free slurry: mixing the raw material of the raw ore-free mud blank 1 according to the weight part, then carrying out ball milling, adding 33 parts of water, mixing and stirring to obtain raw ore-free mud;
B. sieving and removing iron for the first time: b, sieving the raw ore-free slurry prepared in the step A by a 70-mesh sieve and carrying out first iron removal treatment;
C. spray drying: b, after the raw ore-free slurry subjected to the first iron removal treatment in the step B is aged for 18 hours, carrying out spray drying treatment to obtain ceramic powder;
D. sieving, removing iron for the second time and ageing: d, removing iron from the ceramic powder prepared in the step C, screening the ceramic powder by a 12-mesh screen, and ageing for 18 hours;
E. pressing, forming and drying: d, pressing and forming the ceramic powder aged in the step D, and then drying to obtain a raw ore-free mud blank 1;
F. glaze spraying and sintering: and (3) applying the raw material of the glaze layer 2 to the surface of the raw-ore-mud-free green body 1, and then sintering to obtain the fast-fired ceramic thick brick.
In the step A, ball milling is carried out until no raw ore mud blank 1 passes through a 325-mesh screen with 1.6 percent of residue; the specific gravity of the raw ore-free slurry is 1.69.
In the step C, the water content of the prepared ceramic powder is 6.7%, and the particle size of the ceramic powder is 45% of 40 meshes.
In the step E, the thickness of the raw-ore-mud-free blank body 1 after compression molding is 16mm, the drying temperature after compression molding is 105 ℃, and the drying time is 65 min.
In the step F, the fineness of the raw material of the glaze layer 2 is 325 meshes, the surplus is 0.5%, and the glazing amount is 295g/m2。
In the step F, the firing temperature is 1213 ℃, and the firing time is 65 min.
Example 3
The utility model provides a do not have fast-fired ceramic thick brick that former slime body 1 was made, fast-fired ceramic thick brick include not have former slime body 1 and set up in there is not glaze layer 2 on former slime body 1 surface, no former slime body 1 includes the raw materials of following parts by weight:
in the low-temperature sand, Al2O3Content 15%, K2O content of 2% and Na2The O content is 8 percent; in the high-alumina sand, K2The O content was 29%.
In the medium temperature potassium sand, K2O content of 5.2%, Al2O3The content is 16 percent; in the medium-low temperature sand, Al2O3Content 15%, K2O content of 3% and Na2The O content is 3 percent; in the bentonite, Al2O3Contains 16% of K2The O content is 2 percent; in the flux raw material, the MgO content is 22%.
The high-efficiency reinforcing agent is a water-soluble organic high-molecular compound and is further selected from 8# high-efficiency green body dispergation reinforcing agent of Yingchang chemical engineering Co.
The glaze layer 2 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52 parts of SiO218 parts of Al2O33 parts of CaO, 3 parts of MgO, 5 parts of BaO and 3 parts of K2O, 2 parts of Na2O, 2.5 parts of ZnO and 7 parts of ZrO2。
The preparation process of the fast-fired ceramic thick brick prepared from the raw-ore-slurry-free green body 1 comprises the following steps:
A. preparing raw ore-free slurry: mixing the raw material of the raw ore-free mud blank 1 according to the weight part, then carrying out ball milling, adding 34 parts of water, mixing and stirring to obtain raw ore-free mud;
B. sieving and removing iron for the first time: b, sieving the raw ore-free slurry prepared in the step A by using a 80-mesh sieve and carrying out first iron removal treatment;
C. spray drying: b, after the raw ore-free slurry subjected to the first iron removal treatment in the step B is aged for 24 hours, carrying out spray drying treatment to obtain ceramic powder;
D. sieving, removing iron for the second time and ageing: d, removing iron from the ceramic powder prepared in the step C, screening the ceramic powder by a 14-mesh screen, and ageing for 24 hours;
E. pressing, forming and drying: d, pressing and forming the ceramic powder aged in the step D, and then drying to obtain a raw ore-free mud blank 1;
F. glaze spraying and sintering: and (3) applying the raw material of the glaze layer 2 to the surface of the raw-ore-mud-free green body 1, and then sintering to obtain the fast-fired ceramic thick brick.
In the step A, ball milling is carried out until no raw ore mud blank 1 passes through a 325-mesh screen with 1.7 percent of residue; the specific gravity of the raw ore-free slurry is 1.70.
In the step C, the water content of the prepared ceramic powder is 6.9%, and the grain size of the ceramic powder is 48% of that of 40 meshes.
In the step E, the thickness of the raw-ore-mud-free blank body 1 after compression molding is 18mm, the drying temperature after compression molding is 110 ℃, and the drying time is 70 min.
In the step F, the fineness of the raw material of the glaze layer 2 is 325 meshes, the surplus is 0.5%, and the glazing amount is 305g/m2。
In the step F, the sintering temperature is 1218 ℃, and the sintering time is 70 min.
Example 4
The utility model provides a do not have fast-fired ceramic thick brick that former slime body 1 was made, fast-fired ceramic thick brick include not have former slime body 1 and set up in there is not glaze layer 2 on former slime body 1 surface, no former slime body 1 includes the raw materials of following parts by weight:
in the low-temperature sand, Al2O3Content 15%, K2O content of 3% and Na2The O content is 7 percent; in the high-alumina sand, Al2O3The content is 30 percent; in the high-temperature sand, Al2O3Content 20%, K2The O content was 1.5%.
In the medium temperature potassium sand, K2O content of 5.5%, Al2O3The content is 16.5%; in the medium-low temperature sand, Al2O3Content 15%, K2O content of 4% and Na2The O content is 4 percent; in the bentonite, Al2O3Contains 16.5% of K2The O content is 1.5%; in the flux raw material, the MgO content is 23%.
The high-efficiency reinforcing agent is a water-soluble organic high molecular compound and is further selected from high-efficiency reinforcing agent GA-432 of Yangsen chemical Co.
The glaze layer 2 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 53 parts of SiO219 parts of Al2O34 parts of CaO, 3.5 parts of MgO, 5 parts of BaO and 4 parts of K2O, 1.5 parts of Na2O, 2.8 parts of ZnO and 5 parts of ZrO2。
The preparation process of the fast-fired ceramic thick brick prepared from the raw-ore-slurry-free green body 1 comprises the following steps:
A. preparing raw ore-free slurry: mixing the raw material of the raw ore-free mud blank 1 according to the weight part, then carrying out ball milling, adding 35 parts of water, mixing and stirring to obtain raw ore-free mud;
B. sieving and removing iron for the first time: b, sieving the raw ore-free slurry prepared in the step A by using a 80-mesh sieve and carrying out first iron removal treatment;
C. spray drying: b, ageing the raw ore-free slurry subjected to the first iron removal treatment in the step B for 30 hours, and then performing spray drying treatment to obtain ceramic powder;
D. sieving, removing iron for the second time and ageing: c, removing iron from the ceramic powder prepared in the step C, screening the ceramic powder by a 12-mesh screen, and ageing for 30 hours;
E. pressing, forming and drying: d, pressing and forming the ceramic powder aged in the step D, and then drying to obtain a raw ore-free mud blank 1;
F. glaze spraying and sintering: and (3) applying the raw material of the glaze layer 2 to the surface of the raw-ore-mud-free green body 1, and then sintering to obtain the fast-fired ceramic thick brick.
In the step A, ball milling is carried out until no raw ore mud blank 1 passes through a 325-mesh screen with 1.8 percent of residue; the specific gravity of the raw ore-free slurry is 1.71.
In the step C, the water content of the prepared ceramic powder is 7.1%, and the particle size of the ceramic powder is 40 meshes and accounts for 53%.
In the step E, the thickness of the raw-ore-mud-free blank body 1 after compression molding is 19mm, the drying temperature after compression molding is 115 ℃, and the drying time is 72 min.
In the step F, the fineness of the raw material of the glaze layer 2 is 325 meshes, the surplus is 0.6%, and the glazing amount is 315g/m2。
In the step F, the sintering temperature is 1223 ℃, and the sintering time is 72 min.
Example 5
The utility model provides a do not have fast-fired ceramic thick brick that former slime body 1 was made, fast-fired ceramic thick brick include not have former slime body 1 and set up in there is not glaze layer 2 on former slime body 1 surface, no former slime body 1 includes the raw materials of following parts by weight:
in the low-temperature sand, Al2O3Content 16%, K2O content of 4% and Na2The O content is 6 percent; in the high-alumina sand, Al2O3The content is 31 percent; in the high-temperature sand, Al2O3Content 21%, K2The O content is 1%.
In the medium temperature potassium sand, K2O content of 5.8%, Al2O3The content is 17%; in the medium-low temperature sand, Al2O3Content 14%, K2O content of 5% and Na2The O content is 5 percent; in the bentonite, Al2O3Contains 17% of K2The O content is 1 percent; in the flux raw material, the MgO content is 23.2%.
The high-efficiency reinforcing agent is a water-soluble organic high-molecular compound and is further selected from 8# high-efficiency green body dispergation reinforcing agent of Yingchang chemical engineering Co.
The glaze layer 2 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of SiO221 parts of Al2O35 parts of CaO, 4 parts of MgO, 4 parts of BaO and 5 parts of K2O, 1 part of Na2O, 3 parts of ZnO and 4 parts of ZrO2。
The preparation process of the fast-fired ceramic thick brick prepared from the raw-ore-slurry-free green body 1 comprises the following steps:
A. preparing raw ore-free slurry: mixing the raw material of the raw ore-free mud blank 1 according to the weight part, then carrying out ball milling, adding 35 parts of water, mixing and stirring to obtain raw ore-free mud;
B. sieving and removing iron for the first time: b, sieving the raw ore-free slurry prepared in the step A by using a 80-mesh sieve and carrying out first iron removal treatment;
C. spray drying: b, ageing the raw ore-free slurry subjected to the first iron removal treatment in the step B for 36 hours, and then performing spray drying treatment to obtain ceramic powder;
D. sieving, removing iron for the second time and ageing: d, removing iron from the ceramic powder prepared in the step C, screening the ceramic powder by a 14-mesh screen, and ageing for 36 hours;
E. pressing, forming and drying: d, pressing and forming the ceramic powder aged in the step D, and then drying to obtain a raw ore-free mud blank 1;
F. glaze spraying and sintering: and (3) applying the raw material of the glaze layer 2 to the surface of the raw-ore-mud-free green body 1, and then sintering to obtain the fast-fired ceramic thick brick.
In the step A, ball milling is carried out until no raw ore mud blank 1 passes through a 325-mesh screen with 1.9 percent of residue; the specific gravity of the raw ore-free slurry is 1.73.
In the step C, the water content of the prepared ceramic powder is 7.3%, and the particle size of the ceramic powder is 56% of 40 meshes.
In the step E, the thickness of the raw-ore-mud-free blank body 1 after compression molding is 20mm, the drying temperature after compression molding is 20 ℃, and the drying time is 75 min.
In the step F, the fineness of the raw material of the glaze layer 2 is 325 meshes, the surplus is 0.7%, and the glazing amount is 320g/m2。
In the step F, the sintering temperature is 1225 ℃, and the sintering time is 75 min.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 3 above in that:
the thick ceramic brick is prepared from a raw ore mud blank formula, wherein the raw ore mud blank formula comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
in the low-temperature sand, Al2O3Content 15%, K2O content of 2% and Na2The O content is 8 percent; in the raw slime, Al2O3The content was 23%.
In the medium temperature potassium sand, K2O content of 5.5%, Al2O3The content is 16 percent; in the medium-low temperature sand, Al2O3Content 15%, K2O content of 3% and Na2The O content is 3 percent; in the flux raw material, the MgO content is 22%.
The raw ore mud blank 1 prepared in the example 3 and the raw ore mud blank prepared in the comparative example 1 are subjected to a strength test, the test standard is GT/B4740-1999 ceramic material compressive strength test method, the operation standard of green strength production (600mm x 600mm specification) is more than or equal to 1.1MPa, and the test results are as follows:
| green strength/ | Test | 1 | |
Test 3 | Mean value of |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.35 | 1.31 | 1.28 | 1.31 | |
| Example 3 | 1.28 | 1.32 | 1.30 | 1.30 |
The experiments show that the strength of the raw-ore-slurry-free blank body 1 of the product is close to that of the blank body, and the forming bonding performance of the blank body can be met, which indicates that the raw-ore-slurry-free blank body 1 can replace the raw ore slurry formula.
The raw ore bentonite and the high-efficiency reinforcing agent are added into the formula of the raw ore-free mud blank body 1, so that the forming bonding property can be improved. The raw ore-free mud formula is set to cancel raw ore mud, so that the problem of black core is solved, but the forming bonding property is poor, and the raw ore bentonite and the efficient reinforcing agent are introduced into the raw ore-free mud formula to solve the problem of blank forming bonding property.
The above-described embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention may be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fast-fired ceramic thick brick made of raw-ore-mud-free green bodies is characterized in that: the fast-fired thick ceramic brick comprises a raw ore mud-free blank body and a glaze layer arranged on the surface of the raw ore mud-free blank body, wherein the raw ore mud-free blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
2. the fast-fired ceramic thick brick made of the raw-ore-slurry-free blank body according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the low-temperature sand, Al2O3Content of 13-16%, K2O content of 1-4%, Na2The O content is more than 5 percent; in the high-alumina sand, Al2O3The content is more than 28 percent; in the high-temperature sand, Al2O3Content > 18%, K2The content of O is 1-3%.
3. The fast-fired ceramic thick brick made of the raw-ore-slurry-free blank body according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the medium temperature potassium sand, K2O content > 4%, Al2O3The content is 15-17%; in the medium-low temperature sand, Al2O3Content of 14-17%, K2O content of 2-5% and Na2The content of O is 2-5%; in the bentonite, Al2O3Contains 15-17% of K2The content of O is 1 to 3 percent; in the flux raw material, the content of MgO is 20-24%.
4. The fast-fired ceramic thick brick made of the raw-ore-slurry-free blank body according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 49-55 parts of SiO216-21 parts of Al2O32-5 parts of CaO, 2-4 parts of MgO, 4-7 parts of BaO and 2-5 parts of K2O, 1-3 parts of Na2O, 2-3 parts of ZnO and 4-10 parts of ZrO2。
5. A process for the preparation of a fast-fired ceramic tile made from a raw-ore-slurry-free body according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
A. preparing raw ore-free slurry: mixing raw materials of the raw-ore-free mud blank according to the parts by weight, then carrying out ball milling, adding 32-35 parts of water, mixing and stirring to obtain raw-ore-free mud;
B. sieving and removing iron for the first time: b, screening the raw ore-free slurry prepared in the step A by a 70-80-mesh sieve and carrying out first iron removal treatment;
C. spray drying: b, ageing the raw ore-free slurry subjected to the first iron removal treatment in the step B for 12-36 hours, and then performing spray drying treatment to obtain ceramic powder;
D. sieving, removing iron for the second time and ageing: d, removing iron from the ceramic powder prepared in the step C, screening the ceramic powder by a screen with 10-14 meshes, and ageing for 12-36 hours;
E. pressing, forming and drying: d, pressing and forming the ceramic powder aged in the step D, and then drying to obtain a raw-ore-mud-free blank;
F. glaze spraying and sintering: applying the raw material of the glaze layer on the surface of the blank body without raw ore mud, and then sintering to obtain the fast-fired ceramic thick brick.
6. The process for preparing the fast-fired ceramic thick brick without the raw slime blank according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: in the step A, ball milling is carried out until no raw ore mud blank material is sieved by a 325-mesh sieve, and the rest is 1.5-1.9%; the specific gravity of the raw ore-free slurry is 1.68-1.73.
7. The process for preparing the fast-fired ceramic thick brick without the raw slime blank according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: in the step C, the water content of the prepared ceramic powder is 6.5-7.3%, and the particle size of the ceramic powder is 43-56% of 40 meshes.
8. The process for preparing the fast-fired ceramic thick brick without the raw slime blank according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: in the step E, the thickness of the raw ore-free mud blank after the compression molding is 15-20mm, the drying temperature after the compression molding is 100-120 ℃, and the drying time is 60-75 min.
9. The process for preparing the fast-fired ceramic thick brick without the raw slime blank according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: in the step F, the fineness of the glaze layer raw material with 325 meshes of screen residue is 0.40.7 percent, and the glazing amount is 290-320g/m2。
10. The process for preparing the fast-fired ceramic thick brick without the raw slime blank according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: in the step F, the firing temperature is 1210- & lt1225 & gt, and the firing time is 60-75 min.
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