WO2019100935A1 - 定位机构及换电机构 - Google Patents

定位机构及换电机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019100935A1
WO2019100935A1 PCT/CN2018/114123 CN2018114123W WO2019100935A1 WO 2019100935 A1 WO2019100935 A1 WO 2019100935A1 CN 2018114123 W CN2018114123 W CN 2018114123W WO 2019100935 A1 WO2019100935 A1 WO 2019100935A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positioning
pin
localization
floating
battery pack
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/114123
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田小涛
马永跃
丁习坤
李楠
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority to EP18880563.4A priority Critical patent/EP3718836B1/en
Publication of WO2019100935A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019100935A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0472—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from below
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle replacement, and particularly relates to a positioning mechanism and a power changing mechanism for locating a vehicle and a power exchange mechanism in a power station.
  • the vehicle and power-changing mechanism positioning schemes in the automatic power-changing system generally have technical defects of complicated structure, complicated process, and high cost, and the main performances are as follows:
  • the positioning is performed by the visual positioning system and the vehicle X-axis servo fine-tuning system, and the structure is relatively complicated.
  • the battery pack electric plug needs to be separately configured with the floating disc.
  • the battery pack pin is aligned for the first time to remember the floating position mode alignment, the process is cumbersome and the structure is complicated.
  • a positioning mechanism includes: a floating support having a floating space, and a positioning pin connected to the floating support; the positioning pin includes at least one of a battery pack pin and a body latch for The corresponding positioning hole is matched; the movable end of the positioning pin is contracted to form a guiding surface, and the guiding surface is used to guide the positioning pin into the corresponding positioning hole in the floating state of the floating supporting portion.
  • the object of the present invention is further achieved by the following technical measures.
  • the body latch is a retractable latch; the height of the body latch at the maximum extended position and the battery pack The height of the latch is uniform, and is lower than the floating support when retracted; the body latch is used for positioning with the positioning hole on the vehicle body in the extended state.
  • the invention also provides a power changing mechanism, comprising a lifting mechanism, a tightening mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a floating support portion;
  • the tightening mechanism and the positioning mechanism are disposed on the floating support portion;
  • the floating support portion is disposed on the lifting mechanism and can float relative to the lifting mechanism;
  • the positioning mechanism includes a positioning pin, the positioning pin includes at least one of a battery pack pin and a body latch for engaging with a corresponding positioning hole; the movable end of the positioning pin is contracted to form a guiding surface, and the guiding surface is The floating support is used to guide the positioning pin into a corresponding positioning hole in a floating state.
  • the guiding surface is conical or frustoconical, or spherical.
  • the positioning pin includes both the battery pack pin and the body plug
  • the positioning pin is a retractable latch
  • the height of the body latch at the maximum extended position is The height of the battery pack pin is the same, and is lower than the floating support portion when retracted
  • the body plug is used for positioning with the positioning hole on the vehicle body in the extended state.
  • the body plug is an electric telescopic pin.
  • the entire positioning process does not require visual positioning and assistance of the vehicle X-axis fine-tuning mechanism, and the positioning can be completed by the vehicle rough positioning and the floating latch, the battery pack positioning does not need to be separately configured with the floating disc, the structure is simple, and the work flow is small. High reliability.
  • the power-changing mechanism does not need to be upgraded as a whole, and the positioning can be realized by lifting the vehicle without step lifting, and the structure is simplified and the manufacturing cost is low.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a positioning device of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a view showing the working state of the positioning device of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a second operational view of the positioning device of the present invention.
  • the embodiment provides a positioning mechanism for locating a vehicle and a power changing mechanism in a power station, including a positioning pin, a positioning pin connecting the floating frame 1 , and a floating frame 1 serving as a floating supporting portion for supporting positioning.
  • a latch having a floating space;
  • the positioning pin includes a battery pack pin 2 and a body latch 3;
  • the movable end (insertion end) of the positioning pin is contracted to form a guiding surface, and the guiding surface is used to introduce the positioning pin in the floating state of the floating frame 1
  • the positioning holes are matched to realize the positioning of the vehicle and the power exchange mechanism.
  • the battery pack pin 2 and the body plug 3 can also be separately configured according to specific conditions, such as separately arranging the battery pack pin 2 in the case of disassembling the battery pack, and separately configuring the body plug 3 when installing a new battery pack.
  • the floating frame 1 may also be other supporting structures that can float, and the shape is not limited.
  • the battery pack pin 2 is disposed on the floating frame 1 and disposed adjacent to the tightening mechanism 4 mounted on the floating frame 1, and the height of the battery pack pin 2 is greater than the height of the tightening mechanism 4 (tightening sleeve), the battery pack
  • the pin 2 is positioned by inserting the pin hole, and the tightening mechanism 4 is aligned with the battery pack (fastening bolt), and the battery pack is removed by the tightening mechanism 2.
  • the entire positioning process does not require visual positioning and assistance of the vehicle X-axis fine adjustment mechanism, and the vehicle is rough.
  • the positioning and the floating pin can complete the positioning, and the battery pack positioning can be completed in the floating state of the floating support portion 1 without separately configuring the battery pack floating disk, the structure is simple, the workflow is small, and the reliability is high.
  • two battery pack pins 2 are mounted on the floating frame 1. In actual applications, adjustments may also be made according to actual needs, but at least two are generally provided to ensure positioning accuracy.
  • the guiding surface of the battery pack pin 2 may be conical or frustoconical, or spherical, and within a tolerance range, the guiding surface introduces the battery pack pin 2 into the pin hole in the floating state of the floating frame 1 to realize Positioning.
  • the positioning mechanism further includes a retractable body pin 3 disposed on the floating frame 1.
  • the height of the body pin 3 in the maximum extended position is consistent with the height of the battery pack pin 2, and is lower than the floating frame 1 when retracted, so that Affecting the positioning of the battery pack pin 2, the body bolt 3 is positioned in cooperation with the positioning hole on the vehicle body of the new battery pack to be installed in an extended state to ensure the positioning accuracy of the new battery pack.
  • two body bolts 2 are mounted on the floating frame 1 and are respectively installed at diagonal positions of the floating frame 1. In practical applications, the number and position of the body pins 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs, but Generally set at least two to ensure positioning accuracy.
  • the body pin 3 can adopt an electric telescopic pin, and has a simple structure and is easy to implement.
  • the embodiment further provides a power-changing mechanism, which can be set in the form of a trolley to facilitate walking, or fixed to a power-changing platform of the power-changing station.
  • the lifting mechanism 5, the tightening mechanism 4, the floating frame 1 and the positioning mechanism are provided.
  • the tightening mechanism 4 and the positioning pin are all disposed on the floating frame 1.
  • the floating frame 1 is disposed on the lifting mechanism 5, and the fastening mechanism 4 is used by the lifting mechanism 5.
  • Lifting and lowering to achieve loading and unloading and replacement of the battery pack.
  • the power-changing mechanism does not need to be integrally lifted, and positioning can be achieved by lifting the vehicle, the structure is simplified, and the manufacturing cost is low.
  • the floating frame 1 may also be other supporting structures that can float, and the shape is not limited. In other examples, the positioning may be achieved by lifting of the power changing mechanism, or by the lifting and lowering of both the power changing mechanism and the vehicle.
  • the process of using the positioning mechanism and the power changing mechanism to perform power conversion can be referred to the following manner:
  • the new battery pack arrives at the power-changing mechanism.
  • the body bolt extends and is inserted into the body positioning hole, and the battery pack is installed by tightening the mechanism to complete the power exchange.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于换电站中车辆和换电机构定位的定位机构及换电机构，其中定位机构包括：具有浮动空间的浮动支撑部，以及定位插销，定位插销连接至浮动支撑部；定位插销包括电池包插销(2)和车身插销(3)中的至少一个，用于与对应的定位孔配合；定位插销的活动端收缩形成导向面，导向面在浮动支撑部浮动状态下用于将定位插销导入对应的定位孔。该定位机构整个定位过程无需视觉定位和车辆X轴微调机构辅助，通过车辆粗定位和浮动插销即可完成定位，电池包定位无需单独配置浮动盘，结构简单，工作流程少，可靠性高。换电机构无需整体提升，通过升降车辆即可实现定位，无阶梯升降，且结构简化，制造成本低。

Description

定位机构及换电机构 技术领域
本发明涉及电动汽车换电技术领域，特别是涉及一种用于换电站中车辆和换电机构定位的定位机构及换电机构。
背景技术
目前，自动换电系统中车辆与换电机构定位方案一般存在结构复杂、流程繁琐、成本较高的技术缺陷，其主要表现在如下几个方面：
1)通过视觉定位系统和车辆X轴伺服微调系统进行定位，结构比较复杂。
2)电池包电动插销需单独配置浮动盘，通过电池包插销第一次对准记住浮动位置方式对位，流程繁琐，且结构复杂。
3)换电机构通过阶梯升降方式，分别提升拧紧机构及电池包，流程繁琐，且结构复杂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构简单、工作流程少、制造成本低的定位机构及换电机构。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的。
一种定位机构，包括：具有浮动空间的浮动支撑部，以及定位插销，所述定位插销连接至所述浮动支撑部；所述定位插销包括电池包插销和车身插销中的至少一个，用于与对应的定位孔配合；所述定位插销的活动端收缩形成导向面，所述导向面在所述浮动支撑部浮动状态下用于将所述定位插销导入对应的定位孔。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术措施进一步实现。
前述的定位机构，其中所述导向面为圆锥状或截头圆锥状，或者球面状。
前述的定位机构，所述定位插销包括所述电池包插销和车身插销两者的情况下，所述车身插销为可伸缩插销；所述车身插销在最大伸出位置时的高度与所述电池包插销的高度一致，缩回时低于所述浮动支撑部；所述车身插销在伸出状态下用于与车身上的定位孔配合定位。
前述的定位机构，其中所述车身插销为电动伸缩插销。
本发明还提供了一种换电机构，包括升降机构、拧紧机构、定位机构及浮动支撑部；
所述拧紧机构及定位机构设于所述浮动支撑部上；
所述浮动支撑部设于所述升降机构上，并可相对于所述升降机构浮动；
所述定位机构包括定位插销，所述定位插销包括电池包插销和车身插销中的至少一个，用于与对应的定位孔配合；所述定位插销的活动端收缩形成导向面，所述导向面在所述浮动支撑部浮动状态下用于将所述定位插销导入对应的定位孔。
前述的换电机构，其中所述导向面为圆锥状或截头圆锥状，或者球面状。
前述的换电机构，其中所述定位插销包括所述电池包插销和车身插销两者的情况下，所述定位插销为可伸缩插销；所述车身插销在最大伸出位置时的高度与所述电池包插销的高度一致，缩回时低于所述浮动支撑部；所述车身插销在伸出状态下用于与车身上的定位孔配合定位。
前述的换电机构，其中所述车身插销为电动伸缩插销。
本发明的优点及其效果，整个定位过程无需视觉定位和车辆X轴微调机构辅助，通过车辆粗定位和浮动插销即可完成定位，电池包定位无需单独配置浮动盘，结构简单，工作流程少，可靠性高。换电机构无需整体提升，通过升降车辆即可实现定位，无阶梯升降，且结构简化，制造成本低。
附图的简要说明
图1是本发明定位装置的结构示意图；
图2是本发明定位装置的工作状态图一；
图3是本发明定位装置的工作状态图二。
【符号说明】
1：浮动框架        2：电池包插销
3：车身插销        4：拧紧机构
5：升降机构。
实现发明的最佳方式
下面通过具体的实施例子并结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细描述。
参阅图1所示，本实施例提供了一种定位机构，用于换电站中车辆和换电机构定位，包括定位插销，定位插销连接浮动框架1，浮动框架1作为 浮动支撑部用于支撑定位插销，其具有浮动空间；定位插销包括电池包插销2和车身插销3；定位插销的活动端(插入端)收缩形成导向面，导向面在浮动框架1浮动状态下用于将定位插销导入与之配合的定位孔，实现车辆和换电机构定位。
需要说明的是：电池包插销2和车身插销3也可根据具体情况单独配置使用，如在拆卸电池包的情况下单独配置电池包插销2，在安装新电池包的情况下单独配置车身插销3；浮动框架1也可以是能够浮动的其它支撑结构，形状不限。
具体地，电池包插销2设于浮动框架1上，并与浮动框架1上安装的拧紧机构4相邻布置，且电池包插销2的高度大于拧紧机构4(拧紧套筒)的高度，电池包插销2通过插入插销孔进行定位，使拧紧机构4与电池包(紧固螺栓)对准，通过拧紧机构2完成电池包拆除，整个定位过程无需视觉定位和车辆X轴微调机构辅助，通过车辆粗定位和浮动插销即可完成定位，在浮动支撑部1的浮动状态下即可完成电池包定位，无需单独配置电池包浮动盘，结构简单，工作流程少，可靠性高。本实施例中浮动框架1上安装有两个电池包插销2，在实际应用中，也可以根据实际需要进行调整，但一般设置至少两个，以保证定位精度。
进一步地，电池包插销2的导向面可以是圆锥状或截头圆锥状，或者球面状，在允许误差范围内，导向面在浮动框架1浮动状态下将电池包插销2导入插销孔内，实现定位。
该定位机构还包括设于浮动框架1上的可伸缩车身插销3，车身插销3在最大伸出位置时的高度与电池包插销2的高度一致，缩回时低于浮动框1，使之不影响电池包插销2定位，车身插销3在伸出状态下与待安装新电池包车辆车身上的定位孔配合定位，以保证新电池包定位安装精度。本实施例中浮动框架1上安装有两个车身插销2，分别安装在浮动框架1的对角位置，在实际应用中，也可以根据实际需要对车身插销2的安装数量及位置进行调整，但一般设置至少两个，以保证定位精度。
进一步地，车身插销3可采用电动伸缩插销，结构简单，易于实现。
参阅图2及图3所示，本实施例还提供了一种换电机构，该换电机构可以设置为小车形式以便于行走，或者固定于换电站的换电平台。包括升降机构5、拧紧机构4、浮动框架1及上述定位机构，拧紧机构4及上述定位插销均设于浮动框架1上，浮动框架1设于升降机构5上，利用升降机构5对拧紧机构4进行升降，以实现对电池包的装卸和更换。作为一种示 例，换电过程中，换电机构无需整体提升，通过升降车辆即可实现定位，结构简化，制造成本低。需要说明的是浮动框架1也可以是能够浮动的其它支撑结构，形状不限。在其他示例中，可以通过换电机构的升降实现定位，或者通过换电机构和车辆两者的配合升降来实现定位。
作为一种示例，利用该定位机构及换电机构进行换电的过程可以参照下述方式：
1)车辆驶入换电平台，并调整车辆至换电位置；
2)调整定位机构中电池包插销高于拧紧机构，车身插销处于缩回状态；在换电位置，在允许误差范围内，电池包插销的导向面在浮动状态下将电池包插销导入车身插销孔内，同时拧紧机构的拧紧套筒对准螺栓头，对电池包进行拆卸并运出；
3)新电池包到达换电机构，在换电位置，车身插销伸出并插入车身定位孔，拧紧机构安装电池包，完成换电。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种定位机构，其特征在于：包括：具有浮动空间的浮动支撑部，以及定位插销，所述定位插销连接至所述浮动支撑部；
    所述定位插销包括电池包插销和车身插销中的至少一个，用于与对应的定位孔配合；
    所述定位插销的活动端收缩形成导向面，所述导向面在所述浮动支撑部浮动状态下用于将所述定位插销导入对应的定位孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的定位机构，其特征在于：所述导向面为圆锥状或截头圆锥状，或者球面状。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的定位机构，其特征在于：所述定位插销包括所述电池包插销和车身插销两者的情况下，所述车身插销为可伸缩插销；所述车身插销在最大伸出位置时的高度与所述电池包插销的高度一致，缩回时低于所述浮动支撑部；所述车身插销在伸出状态下用于与车身上的定位孔配合定位。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的定位机构，其特征在于：所述车身插销为电动伸缩插销。
  5. 一种换电机构，其特征在于：包括升降机构、拧紧机构、定位机构及浮动支撑部；
    所述拧紧机构及定位机构设于所述浮动支撑部上；
    所述浮动支撑部设于所述升降机构上，并可相对于所述升降机构浮动；
    所述定位机构包括定位插销，所述定位插销包括电池包插销和车身插销中的至少一个，用于与对应的定位孔配合；
    所述定位插销的活动端收缩形成导向面，所述导向面在所述浮动支撑部浮动状态下用于将所述定位插销导入对应的定位孔。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的换电机构，其特征在于：所述导向面为圆锥状或截头圆锥状，或者球面状。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的换电机构，其特征在于：所述定位插销包括所述电池包插销和车身插销两者的情况下，所述定位插销为可伸缩插销；所述车身插销在最大伸出位置时的高度与所述电池包插销的高度一致，缩回时低于所述浮动支撑部；所述车身插销在伸出状态下用于与车身上的定位孔配合定位。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的换电机构，其特征在于：所述车身插销为电动伸缩插销。
PCT/CN2018/114123 2017-11-27 2018-11-06 定位机构及换电机构 WO2019100935A1 (zh)

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