WO2019095831A1 - 超声骨刀刀头 - Google Patents

超声骨刀刀头 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019095831A1
WO2019095831A1 PCT/CN2018/105781 CN2018105781W WO2019095831A1 WO 2019095831 A1 WO2019095831 A1 WO 2019095831A1 CN 2018105781 W CN2018105781 W CN 2018105781W WO 2019095831 A1 WO2019095831 A1 WO 2019095831A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grinding
ultrasonic bone
bone cutter
cutter head
edge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/105781
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙宇
曹群
战松涛
Original Assignee
北京水木天蓬医疗技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 北京水木天蓬医疗技术有限公司 filed Critical 北京水木天蓬医疗技术有限公司
Priority to JP2020600068U priority Critical patent/JP3229242U/ja
Priority to DE212018000340.8U priority patent/DE212018000340U1/de
Priority to KR2020207000023U priority patent/KR200496015Y1/ko
Priority to US16/758,007 priority patent/US11779366B2/en
Publication of WO2019095831A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019095831A1/zh
Priority to AU2020100622A priority patent/AU2020100622A4/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1644—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans using fluid other than turbine drive fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1659—Surgical rasps, files, planes, or scrapers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1662—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body
    • A61B17/1671—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the spine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B2017/1602—Mills
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1644—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans using fluid other than turbine drive fluid
    • A61B2017/1651—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans using fluid other than turbine drive fluid for cooling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B2017/320004—Surgical cutting instruments abrasive
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B2017/320072—Working tips with special features, e.g. extending parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B2017/320084—Irrigation sleeves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2217/00—General characteristics of surgical instruments
    • A61B2217/002—Auxiliary appliance
    • A61B2217/007—Auxiliary appliance with irrigation system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an ultrasonic bone cutter head.
  • Ultrasonic bone cutter heads currently used for bone grinding are mostly square or round.
  • Fig. 1 shows a prior art circular ultrasonic bone cutter head comprising a blade body 3', a knife bar 1' and a circular bit grinding portion 2'.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head increases the friction area and the resistance by laterally opening the teeth, thereby improving the cutting efficiency.
  • the use of such an ultrasonic bone cutter head in the application of spinal surgery has the following problems: the ground surface of the bone is flat or round, and the amount of bone to be removed is large in the operation of the grooved bone.
  • the operation speed is slow; in a specific operation such as cervical single-door surgery, when the door shaft side is ground, due to its shape, the ground bone surface cannot be in close contact when closed, which increases the healing time of the patient, and Some other complications are likely to occur in the formed cavity.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic bone cutter head comprising a cutter bar, a blade body, and a cutter head grinding portion at a front end of the ultrasonic bone cutter head, the cutter head grinding portion
  • the shape of the triangular vertebral body, the bottom surface of the triangular vertebral body is the rear end of the grinding head of the cutting head, and the top end of the triangular vertebral body facing the bottom surface is the cutter head grinding a front end of the cutting portion, one end of the shank is connected to a rear end of the grinding head of the bit, the other end of the shank is connected with the blade body, and three side cones of the triangular vertebral body Two of the sides of the face serve as a first grinding face and a second grinding face, respectively.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head is capable of performing a normal bone grinding operation, and because of its small front end area, the grinding speed is fast. In addition, due to the large front end and small back end design, it can provide a good vision for doctors. In addition, thanks to the unique full V-shaped structure design, the doctor can grind the V-shaped groove that is fully closed on the side of the door shaft at any operating angle, thereby reducing the area of the window incision, facilitating the use of the doctor and improving the surgical efficiency. .
  • a grinding edge is formed between the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface, on the first grinding surface, from the grinding
  • the distance between any two points on the cutting edge to the apex of the first bottom surface opposite the sharpening edge is substantially equal, on the second grinding surface, from any two points on the grinding edge to the grinding edge
  • the distances of the second bottom vertices are approximately equal.
  • the distance from any point on the grinding edge to the apex of the first bottom surface is substantially equal to the distance from the apex of the second bottom surface.
  • the front portion of the grinding edge is a smooth flat surface or a slightly convex curved surface, the first grinding surface and/or the second grinding machine.
  • the shaved surface is an outwardly protruding curved surface, and the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface are smooth arc transitions.
  • the first grinding surface and the second grinding surface are provided with a plurality of grinding grooves, ridges or knurling teeth.
  • the grinding groove has a certain width, and a reverse fine edge is provided on an edge of the grinding groove.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention further includes a hollow liquid injection passage, the hollow liquid injection passage from the other end of the cutter bar along the cutter bar a center line direction penetrating to the bit grinding portion, wherein the bit grinding portion is provided with a lateral liquid guiding passage that penetrates transversely substantially perpendicular to an axis of the tool bar, the lateral liquid guiding channel
  • the hollow liquid injection passage is in communication, and the lateral liquid communication passage forms an opening in the first grinding surface and the first grinding surface.
  • the center line of the cutter bar is a curve bent along one side of the cutter bar.
  • the center line of the blade body is a curve bent along one side of the blade body.
  • the joint of the cutter bar with the blade body is a tapered surface that gradually decreases from the blade body to the blade bar.
  • the bit grinding portion of the ultrasonic bone cutter head as a triangular vertebral body, the normal bone grinding operation can be completed, and since the front end area is small, the grinding speed is fast.
  • the small front end and large rear end design provide a good view for the doctor.
  • the unique full V-shaped structure design allows the doctor to grind the V-shaped groove that is fully closed on the side of the door shaft at any operating angle, which reduces the area of the window incision, which is convenient for doctors to use and improves the operation efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a prior art ultrasonic bone cutter head
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a front elevational view of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a side view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a bottom plan view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a front elevational view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a side view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a plan view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a bottom plan view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic illustration of the results of the operation of a prior art ultrasonic bone cutter head used in a single door surgery.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic illustration of the results of the operation of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention in a single door surgery.
  • orientations or positional relationships of the terms “top”, “bottom”, “front”, “back”, “lateral”, “axial”, etc. are indicated based on the drawings.
  • the orientation or the positional relationship is merely for the purpose of describing the present invention and the simplified description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to has a specific orientation, is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore is not to be construed as limiting the invention. .
  • connection and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless otherwise explicitly stated and defined. Or integrally connected; may be mechanical connection or electrical connection; may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • connection may be mechanical connection or electrical connection; may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention comprises a cutter bar 1, a blade body 3, and a bit grinding portion 2 at the front end of the ultrasonic bone cutter bit.
  • the shape of the bit grinding portion 2 is a triangular pyramid body.
  • the bottom surface of the triangular vertebral body is the rear end of the grinding head 2, and the top end of the triangular vertebral body facing the bottom surface is the front end of the grinding head 2, and one end of the shank 1 is ground with the cutting head
  • the rear end of the portion 2 is connected, the other end of the shank 1 is connected to the blade body 3, and two of the three side tapered surfaces of the triangular vertebral body are respectively used as the first grinding surface 21A and the second grinding surface.
  • 21B, the first grinding surface 21A and the second grinding surface 21B are used for bone grinding.
  • the invention designs the triangular grinding body 2 of the ultrasonic bone cutter head as a triangular vertebral body, so that the ultrasonic bone cutter head can complete the normal bone grinding operation, and the grinding speed is small because the front end area is small. fast. And because the front end is small and the back end is large, it can give the doctor a good view.
  • the triangular vertebral body has a plurality of V-shaped structures, and the invention adopts a unique full V-shaped structural design, so that the doctor can make the ground door side bone groove of the grinding door shaft a fully closed V-shaped groove at any operating angle, thereby reducing The cutting area of the window is convenient for the doctor to use and improves the efficiency of the operation.
  • a grinding edge 24 is formed between the first grinding surface 21A and the second grinding surface 21B, and the grinding edge 24 can be used to cut the underlying structure.
  • the distance from any two points on the sharpening blade 24 to the first bottom surface apex 211A opposite to the sharpening edge 24 is substantially equal, on the second grinding surface 21B, from the sharpening edge 24
  • the distance from any two points to the second bottom apex 211B opposite the sharpening blade 24 is substantially equal. According to the design of the present invention, it is possible to make the cutting edges cut into substantially the same V-shaped cutting edges during the operation, whether the cutting head is operated in a vertical or horizontal direction.
  • the distance from any point on the sharpening blade 24 to the first bottom apex 211A is substantially equal to the distance from the second bottom apex 211B.
  • the grinding blade 24 has a circular arc shape.
  • the circular arc center is the first bottom surface apex 211A; on the second grinding surface 21B, the circular arc center is The second bottom vertex 211B.
  • the first grinding surface 21A and the second grinding surface 21B may both be flat surfaces. That is, the shape of the bit grinding portion 2 is a normal triangular pyramid composed of four triangles.
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 show the ultrasonic bone cutter head according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and the shape of the cutter head grinding portion 2 may be an abnormal triangular pyramid, that is, the first A grinding surface 21A and/or a second grinding surface 21B may also be curved surfaces that protrude outward, thereby being able to adapt to different grinding situations.
  • the front portion of the sharpening blade 24 is a smooth plane or a slightly convex curved surface, so that the soft tissue below is not damaged. More preferably, as shown in FIG. 5, the tip end of the triangular vertebral body facing the bottom surface is also provided as a smooth plane or a curved surface to further protect the soft tissue in front of and below the blade grinding portion 2 from damage.
  • a smooth circular arc transition is formed between the first grinding surface 21A and the second grinding surface 21B.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head is made safer to use, and at the same time, the soft tissue in front of and under the cutter head grinding portion 2 can be protected from damage.
  • a plurality of grinding grooves 22 may be formed in the first grinding surface 21A and/or the second grinding surface 21B.
  • a plurality of grinding grooves 22 are disposed in parallel with each other, and the grinding grooves 22 are transverse grooves perpendicular to the center line of the ultrasonic bone cutter head.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the grinding groove 22 may also be a twill groove at an angle to the center line of the ultrasonic bone cutter head.
  • the grinding groove 22 has a certain width, and a reverse fine edge is provided on the edge of the grinding groove 22, so that the bone scraping is facilitated when the bone is ground, and the bone grinding efficiency of the grinding head grinding portion 2 is increased.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head according to the second embodiment of the present invention is different from the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the first embodiment only in that a plurality of flaws are formed on the first grinding surface 21A and/or the second grinding surface 21B. Shaped teeth 23.
  • the hemostasis effect of the first grinding surface 21A and/or the second grinding surface 21B on which the stirrup teeth 23 are opened is better and safer.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and a knurling structure may be formed on the two grinding faces 21.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head according to the third embodiment of the present invention is different from the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the first embodiment of the present invention only in that the ultrasonic bone cutter head further comprises a hollow liquid injection passage 10, and the hollow liquid injection passage 10 is a cutter.
  • the other end of the rod 1 penetrates the cutter head grinding portion 2 in the center line direction of the cutter bar 1, and the cutter head grinding portion 2 is provided with a lateral liquid guiding passage 20 that penetrates transversely substantially perpendicular to the axis of the cutter bar 1,
  • the lateral liquid guiding passage 20 communicates with the hollow liquid filling passage 10, and the lateral liquid guiding passage 20 forms an opening at the first grinding surface 21A and the second grinding surface 21B.
  • the structural characteristics of the cutter head are fully utilized, and an axial hollow liquid injection passage 10 is provided on the cutter bar 1, and a lateral guide is provided on the cutter head grinding portion 2.
  • the liquid passage 20 enables the ultrasonic coolant to pass through the hollow liquid injection passage 10, and flows out from the opening of the lateral liquid passage 20, and flows sufficiently to the cutter head without being excited by the vibration of the ultrasonic waves. This ensures that the bit grinding section 2 is sufficiently cooled and flushed in use.
  • the cutter head grinding portion 2 can be inclined upward along the cutter bar 1 or the blade body 3 for a better operation. space.
  • Fig. 13 shows an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the center line of the holder 1 is a curve which is bent along one side of the holder 1.
  • Fig. 14 shows an ultrasonic bone cutter head according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is different from the fourth embodiment in that the center line of the blade body 3 is a curve which is bent along one side of the blade body 3.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head shown in Fig. 14 is also provided with an axial hollow liquid injection passage 10 and a lateral liquid guiding passage 20 on the blade body 3, and an opening is formed in the circumferential surface of the blade body 3.
  • the joint of the cutter bar 1 and the blade body 3 is a tapered surface which gradually tapers from the blade body 3 to the cutter bar 1.
  • one end of the blade body 3 can be connected to the knife bar 1 through a tapered surface, and the other end of the blade body 3 is a screw connection end, which can be connected to a specific ultrasonic transducer through a screw connection, and then The ultrasound transducer is connected to a specific ultrasound host for operation.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic illustration of the results of the operation of a prior art ultrasonic bone cutter head used in a single door surgery.
  • the grinding operation of Fig. 15 in the single-door operation of the cervical spine, when the door shaft side is ground, since the grinding portion of the cutting head is square or round, the worn bone surface cannot be in close contact when closed. The healing time of the patient is increased and some other complications are apt to occur in the formed cavity.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the results of the operation of the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention in a single door surgery.
  • the ground bone surface is relatively regular, which ensures that the ground bone surface is in close contact when closed, and the wound surface is highly compatible, which is beneficial to bone healing. It reduces the risk of complications, and the patient has less pain and quick recovery after surgery.
  • the ultrasonic bone cutter head of the present invention it is possible to have a small amount of bone removal while shortening the healing time of the patient.
  • the present invention enables the ultrasonic bone cutter head to perform a normal bone grinding operation by designing the cutter head grinding portion 2 of the ultrasonic bone cutter head as a triangular pyramid. And because of its small front end area, the grinding speed is fast. In addition, because of the small front end and large back end design, it can provide a good vision for doctors.
  • the triangular vertebral body has a plurality of V-shaped structures, and the unique full V-shaped structure design of the invention enables the doctor to grind the V-shaped groove which is fully closed on the side of the door shaft at any operating angle along the grinding direction of the cutting head. Thereby reducing the area of the window incision, convenient for the doctor to use, improving the efficiency and safety of the operation. In addition, less bone loss also shortens the patient's recovery time.

Abstract

一种超声骨刀刀头，包括刀杆(1)、刀身(3)和位于超声骨刀刀头前端的刀头磨削部(2)，刀头磨削部(2)的形状为三棱椎体，三棱椎体的底面为刀头磨削部(2)的后端，与该底面正对的三棱椎体的顶尖端为刀头磨削部(2)的前端，刀杆(1)的一端与刀头磨削部(2)的后端相连接，刀杆(1)的另一端与刀身(3)相连接，三棱椎体的三个侧锥面中的其中两个侧面分别作为第一磨削面(21A)和第二磨削面(21B)。该超声骨刀刀头能够完成正常的磨骨操作，并且由于其前端面积小，因而磨除速度快。另外，由于前端小而后端大的设计，能够给医生提供一个良好的视野。此外，采用独特的全V形结构设计，使得医生能够在任何操作角度使磨出的门轴侧骨槽充分的闭合的V形槽，减小了窗口切开的面积，方便了医生使用，提高了手术效率。

Description

超声骨刀刀头 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤其涉及一种超声骨刀刀头。
背景技术
在骨科手术中，经常使用超声骨刀对骨头进行切割、磨削、刨削、刮削或者任意整形。目前用于进行磨骨的超声骨刀刀头多为方形或圆形。图1示出了现有技术的圆形的超声骨刀刀头，包括刀身3’、刀杆1’和圆形的刀头磨削部2’。该超声骨刀刀头在侧方开齿增加摩擦面积和阻力，进而提高切割效率。
这种超声骨刀刀头在脊柱外科的应用中存在如下问题：磨出的骨面是平整的方形或者是圆形的，在需要进行开槽磨骨的操作中需要磨除的骨量大，手术速度较慢；在特定的手术如颈椎单开门手术中，在磨出门轴侧时，由于其形状原因，使磨出的骨面在闭合时无法紧密接触，增加了患者的愈合时间，而且在形成的空腔中易出现一些其他的并发症。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种超声骨刀刀头，该超声骨刀刀头包括刀杆、刀身、和位于所述超声骨刀刀头前端的刀头磨削部，所述刀头磨削部的形状为三棱椎体，所述三棱椎体的底面为所述刀头磨削部的后端，与所述底面正对的所述三棱椎体的顶尖端为所述刀头磨削部的前端，所述刀杆的一端与所述刀头磨削部的后端相连接，所述刀杆的另一端与所述刀身相连接，所述三棱椎体的三个侧锥面中的其中两个侧面分别作为第一磨削面和第二磨削面。该超声骨刀刀头能够完成正常的磨骨操作，并且由于其前端面积小，因而磨除速度快。另外，由于前端小后端大的设计，能够给医生提供一个良好的视野。此外，由于采用独特的全V形结构设计，因此使得医生能够以任何操作角度 磨削出门轴侧骨槽充分闭合的V形槽，从而减小窗口切开的面积，方便医生使用，提高手术效率。
在本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，所述第一磨削面和所述第二磨削面之间形成磨削刃，在所述第一磨削面上，从所述磨削刃上任何两点到与该磨削刃相对的第一底面顶点的距离大致相等，在所述第二磨削面上，从所述磨削刃上任何两点到与该磨削刃相对的第二底面顶点的距离大致相等。
在本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，所述磨削刃上的任何一点到所述第一底面顶点的距离与到所述第二底面顶点的距离大致相等。
在本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，所述磨削刃的前部为光滑的平面或向外略微凸起的曲面，所述第一磨削面和/或所述第二磨削面为向外突出的弧形面，所述第一磨削面和所述第二磨削面之间为光滑圆弧过渡。
在本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，所述第一磨削面和所述第二磨削面上开设有多条磨槽、锉形齿或滚花齿。
在本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，所述磨槽具有一定的宽度，在所述磨槽的边缘上设置有反向细刃。
在本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，所述超声骨刀刀头还包括中空注液通道，所述中空注液通道从所述刀杆的所述另一端沿所述刀杆的中心线方向贯穿至所述刀头磨削部，在所述刀头磨削部设有沿大致垂直于所述刀杆的轴线而横向贯通的横向导液通道，所述横向导液通道与所述中空注液通道相连通，所述横向导液通道在所述第一磨削面和所述第一磨削面形成开口。
在本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，所述刀杆的中心线为沿所述刀杆的一侧弯折的曲线。
在本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，所述刀身的中心线为沿所述刀身的一侧弯折的曲线。
在本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，优选为，所述刀杆与所述刀身的连接处为从所述刀身到所述刀杆逐渐缩小的锥面。
根据本发明的上述技术方案，通过将超声骨刀刀头的刀头磨削部设计为三棱椎体，使得能够完成正常的磨骨操作，并且由于其前端面积小，因而磨除速度快。另外，通过前端小而后端大的设计，能够给医生提供一个良好的 视野。此外，采用独特的全V形结构设计，使得医生能够以任何操作角度磨出门轴侧骨槽充分闭合的V形槽，减小了窗口切开的面积，方便了医生使用，提高了手术效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是现有技术中的超声骨刀刀头的立体图；
图2是本发明第一实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的立体图；
图3是本发明第一实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的侧视图；
图4是本发明第一实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的俯视图；
图5是本发明第一实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的正视图；
图6是本发明第二实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的侧视图；
图7是本发明第二实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的仰视图；
图8是本发明第二实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的正视图；
图9是本发明第三实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的立体图；
图10是本发明第三实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的侧视图；
图11是本发明第三实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的俯视图；
图12是本发明第三实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的仰视图；
图13是本发明第四实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的立体图；
图14是本发明第五实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的立体图；
图15是在单开门手术中使用现有技术的超声骨刀刀头的操作结果示意图。
图16是在单开门手术中使用本发明的超声骨刀刀头的操作结果示意图。
附图标记：
1’、1～刀杆；2’、2～刀头磨削部；3’、3～刀身；10～中空注液通道；20～横向导液通道；21A～第一磨削面；21B～第二磨削面；22～磨槽；23～锉形齿；24～磨削刃；211A～第一底面顶点；211B～第二底面顶点。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“顶”、“底”、“前”、“后”、“横向”、“轴向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
图2至图14示出了本发明的超声骨刀刀头。如图所示，本发明的超声骨刀刀头包括刀杆1、刀身3、和位于超声骨刀刀头前端的刀头磨削部2，刀头磨削部2的形状为三棱椎体，三棱椎体的底面为刀头磨削部2的后端，与底面正对的三棱椎体的顶尖端为刀头磨削部2的前端，刀杆1的一端与刀头磨削部2的后端相连接，刀杆1的另一端与刀身3相连接，三棱椎体的三个侧锥面中的其中两个侧面分别作为第一磨削面21A和第二磨削面21B，第一磨削面21A和第二磨削面21B用于磨骨。
本发明通过将超声骨刀刀头的刀头磨削部2设计为三棱椎体，使得超声骨刀刀头在能够完成正常的磨骨操作同时，因其前端面积小，而使得磨除速度快。并且因为前端小而后端大，使得能够给医生提供一个很好的视野。同时，三棱椎体具有多个V形结构，本发明采用独特的全V形结构设计，使得医生能够在任何操作角度使磨出的门轴侧骨槽为充分闭合的V形槽，减小了窗口的切开面积，方便了医生使用，提高了手术效率。
其中，第一磨削面21A和第二磨削面21B之间形成磨削刃24，该磨削刃24可以用于切开下方组织。在第一磨削面21A上，从磨削刃24上任何两点到与磨削刃24相对的第一底面顶点211A的距离大致相等，在第二磨削面21B上，从磨削刃24上任何两点到与磨削刃24相对的第二底面顶点211B的距离大致相等。根据本发明的设计，能够使得在手术过程中，无论以竖直还是水平方向操作刀头，所切出的刀口都为大致相同的V形刀口。也即，能够使得手术者在手术操作的过程中沿着刀头切割方向以任何角度操作磨削部都能够保证切割槽是V形。另外，也能够使得在磨骨时位于第一磨削面21A一侧的磨削刃24上的任何点受力大致均匀，位于第二磨削面21B一侧的磨削刃24上的任何点受力大致均匀。
优选为，磨削刃24上的任何一点到第一底面顶点211A的距离与到第二底面顶点211B的距离大致相等。通过这种设计，能够使得在磨骨时，位于第一磨削面21A和第二磨削面21B一侧的磨削刃24上的任何点受力大致均匀。优选为，磨削刃24为圆弧形，在第一磨削面21A上，该圆弧形的圆心为第一底面顶点211A；在第二磨削面21B上，该圆弧形的圆心为第二底面顶点211B。
其中，第一磨削面21A和第二磨削面21B可以均为平面。即，刀头磨削部2的形状为正常的三棱锥体，由四个三角形组成。但本发明并不局限于此，图2至图5示出了本发明第一实施方式的超声骨刀刀头，刀头磨削部2的形状可以为非正常的三棱锥体，即，第一磨削面21A和/或第二磨削面21B也可以为向外突出的弧形面，由此能够适应不同的磨削情况。
实际手术中，有的磨骨操作需要保护下方的软组织，因此，磨削刃24的前部为光滑的平面或向外略微凸起的曲面，从而使得下方的软组织不受伤害。 更优选为，如图5所示，与底面正对的三棱椎体的顶尖端也设置为光滑平面或曲面，以进一步保护刀头磨削部2的前方和下方的软组织，避免受到伤害。
在本发明第一实施方式中，如图5所示，第一磨削面21A和第二磨削面21B之间为光滑圆弧过渡。使得超声骨刀刀头使用更加安全，同时也能够保护刀头磨削部2前方和下方的软组织，避免受到伤害。
在本发明第一实施方式中，如图2至图5所示，可以在第一磨削面21A和/或第二磨削面21B上开设多条磨槽22。多条磨槽22相互平行设置，并且磨槽22为与超声骨刀刀头的中心线垂直的横槽。但本发明并不局限于此，磨槽22还可以为与所述超声骨刀刀头中心线成一定角度的斜纹槽。
优选为，磨槽22具有一定的宽度，在磨槽22的边缘上设置有反向细刃，这样便于磨骨时进行刮骨，增加刀头磨削部2的磨骨效率。
图6至图8示出了本发明第二实施方式的超声骨刀刀头。本发明第二实施方式的超声骨刀刀头与第一实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的区别仅在于，在第一磨削面21A和/或第二磨削面21B上开设有多条锉形齿23。开设有锉形齿23的第一磨削面21A和/或第二磨削面21B的止血效果更好，更加安全。但本发明并不局限于此，也可以在两个磨削面21上开设滚花结构。
图9至图12示出了本发明第三实施方式的超声骨刀刀头。本发明第三实施方式的超声骨刀刀头与本发明第一实施方式的超声骨刀刀头的区别仅在于，超声骨刀刀头还包括中空注液通道10，中空注液通道10从刀杆1的另一端沿刀杆1的中心线方向贯穿至刀头磨削部2，在刀头磨削部2设有沿大致垂直于刀杆1的轴线而横向贯通的横向导液通道20，横向导液通道20与中空注液通道10相连通，横向导液通道20在第一磨削面21A和第二磨削面21B形成开口。
本发明第三实施方式的超声骨刀刀头中，充分利用刀头的结构特性，通过在刀杆1上设置轴向的中空注液通道10，又在刀头磨削部2上设置横向导液通道20，从而能够使得超声冷却液穿过中空注液通道10，并从横向导液通道20的开口流出，并且充分流到刀头而不被超声的振动激发打散。由此确保了刀头磨削部2在使用中被充分冷却和冲洗。
此外，为了使得超声骨刀刀头具有更好的操作角度，在本发明第一实施方式中，刀头磨削部2可沿刀杆1或刀身3向上倾斜一定角度，以获得更好的操作空间。
图13示出了本发明第四实施方式的超声骨刀刀头。本发明第四实施方式的超声骨刀刀头与第一实施方式的不同之处在于，刀杆1的中心线为沿刀杆1的一侧弯折的曲线。
图14示出了本发明第五实施方式的超声骨刀刀头。本发明第五实施方式的超声骨刀刀头与第四实施方式的不同之处在于，刀身3的中心线为沿刀身3的一侧弯折的曲线。图14中显示的超声骨刀刀头在刀身3上也设置了轴向的中空注液通道10和横向导液通道20，并在刀身3的周面上开设开口。为了最大程度地保证超声冷却液的液流通过三棱锥体的V形结构到达刀头顶端，刀杆1与刀身3的连接处为从刀身3到刀杆1逐渐缩小的锥面。
在本发明的超声骨刀刀头中，刀身3的一端可以通过锥面与刀杆1连接，刀身3的另一端为螺纹连接端，可以通过螺纹连接与特定的超声换能器连接，再将超声换能器连接于特定的超声主机，即可进行工作。
图15示出了在单开门手术中使用现有技术的超声骨刀刀头的操作结果示意图。参见图15的磨削手术的情况，在颈椎单开门手术中，在磨出门轴侧时，由于刀头磨削部为方形或圆形，因而所磨出的骨面在闭合时无法紧密接触，增加了患者的愈合时间，而且在形成的空腔中易出现一些其他的并发症。
图16示出了在单开门手术中使用本发明的超声骨刀刀头的操作结果示意图。如图16所示，利用本发明的超声骨刀刀头进行手术后，磨出的骨面较为规则，能够确保磨出的骨面在闭合时紧密接触，创面吻合度高，利于骨质愈合，减少了并发症出现的风险，患者术后痛苦小、康复快。另外，通过使用本发明的超声骨刀刀头，使得具有较少的去骨量，同时缩短了患者的愈合时间。
综上所述，本发明通过将超声骨刀刀头的刀头磨削部2设计为三棱椎体，使得超声骨刀刀头能够完成正常的磨骨操作。并且由于其前端面积小，因而磨除速度快。另外，由于前端小而后端大的设计，使得能够给医生提供一个良好的视野。同时，三棱椎体具有多个V形结构，本发明采用独特的全V形 结构设计，使得医生能够沿刀头磨削方向以任何操作角度磨出门轴侧骨槽充分闭合的V形槽，从而减小了窗口切开的面积，方便了医生使用，提高了手术效率和安全性。另外，较少的去骨量也缩短了患者的康复时间。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种超声骨刀刀头，包括刀杆(1)、刀身(3)、和位于所述超声骨刀刀头的前端的刀头磨削部(2)，其特征在于，
    所述刀头磨削部(2)的形状为三棱椎体，所述三棱椎体的底面为所述刀头磨削部(2)的后端，与所述底面正对的所述三棱椎体的顶尖端为所述刀头磨削部(2)的前端，所述刀杆(1)的一端与所述刀头磨削部(2)的后端相连接，所述刀杆(1)的另一端与所述刀身(3)相连接，所述三棱椎体的三个侧锥面中的其中两个侧面分别作为第一磨削面(21A)和第二磨削面(21B)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述第一磨削面(21A)和所述第二磨削面(21B)之间形成磨削刃(24)，在所述第一磨削面(21A)上，从所述磨削刃(24)上任何两点到与该磨削刃(24)相对的第一底面顶点(211A)的距离大致相等，
    在所述第二磨削面(21B)上，从所述磨削刃(24)上任何两点到与该磨削刃(24)相对的第二底面顶点(211B)的距离大致相等。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述磨削刃(24)上的任何一点到所述第一底面顶点(211A)的距离与到所述第二底面顶点(211B)的距离大致相等。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述磨削刃(24)的前部为光滑的平面或向外略微凸起的曲面，所述第一磨削面(21A)和/或所述第二磨削面(21B)为向外突出的弧形面，所述第一磨削面(21A)和所述第二磨削面(21B)之间为光滑圆弧过渡。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    在所述第一磨削面(21A)和/或所述第二磨削面(21B)上开设有多条磨槽(22)、锉形齿(23)或滚花齿。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述磨槽(22)具有一定的宽度，在所述磨槽(22)的边缘设置有反向细刃。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述超声骨刀刀头还包括中空注液通道(10)，所述中空注液通道(10)从所述刀杆(1)的所述另一端沿所述刀杆(1)的中心线方向贯穿至所述刀头磨削部(2)，在所述刀头磨削部(2)设有沿大致垂直于所述刀杆(1)的轴线而横向贯通的横向导液通道(20)，所述横向导液通道(20)与所述中空注液通道(10)相连通，所述横向导液通道(20)在所述第一磨削面(21A)和所述第一磨削面(21B)形成开口。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述刀杆(1)的中心线为沿所述刀杆(1)的一侧弯折的曲线。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述刀身(3)的中心线为沿所述刀身(3)的一侧弯折的曲线。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的超声骨刀刀头，其特征在于，
    所述刀杆(1)与所述刀身(3)的连接处为从所述刀身(3)到所述刀杆(1)逐渐缩小的锥面。
PCT/CN2018/105781 2017-11-14 2018-09-14 超声骨刀刀头 WO2019095831A1 (zh)

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JP2020600068U JP3229242U (ja) 2017-11-14 2018-09-14 超音波骨刀ビット
DE212018000340.8U DE212018000340U1 (de) 2017-11-14 2018-09-14 Ultraschall-Osteotom-Bit
KR2020207000023U KR200496015Y1 (ko) 2017-11-14 2018-09-14 초음파 오스테오톰 비트
US16/758,007 US11779366B2 (en) 2017-11-14 2018-09-14 Ultrasonic osteotome bit
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DE212018000340U1 (de) 2020-05-26
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