WO2019095621A1 - 一种上下载滤波器和光分插复用器 - Google Patents

一种上下载滤波器和光分插复用器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019095621A1
WO2019095621A1 PCT/CN2018/083036 CN2018083036W WO2019095621A1 WO 2019095621 A1 WO2019095621 A1 WO 2019095621A1 CN 2018083036 W CN2018083036 W CN 2018083036W WO 2019095621 A1 WO2019095621 A1 WO 2019095621A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
port
optical signal
input
download
output
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PCT/CN2018/083036
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
梅洛尼⋅安德烈亚
莫里凯蒂⋅弗朗切斯科
冀瑞强
阿吉亚尔⋅道格拉斯
米拉尼⋅马兹亚
周素杰
李彦波
罗龙
曾理
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to JP2020526905A priority Critical patent/JP7005761B2/ja
Priority to EP18878769.1A priority patent/EP3703287B1/en
Publication of WO2019095621A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019095621A1/zh
Priority to US15/931,714 priority patent/US11095386B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27—Arrangements for networking

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an uplink download filter and an optical add/drop multiplexer.
  • the upper download filter is a key component in a fiber-dense wavelength division multiplexing system that enables combination of specific wavelengths or specific wavelengths in the main fiber link.
  • the upper download filter can be used with a fixed operating wavelength, such as a dielectric film based filter, or a tunable operating wavelength, such as a wavelength selective optical switch based on liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) (WSS, Wavelength Selective). Switch) filter.
  • LCOS liquid crystal on silicon
  • WSS Wavelength Selective
  • an upper download filter with a tunable working wavelength can be realized and a more compact structure can be realized.
  • the upper download filter can be implemented with different optical structures, such as Mach-Zehnder (MZ) structures, grating structures, and microring structures.
  • MZ Mach-Zehnder
  • the filtering pattern of Butterworth, Chebyshev, etc. can be realized by using the structure of multiple microring cascades.
  • the micro-ring structure used for optical filtering has the same wavelength signal input at the input port and the upload port, and the two input optical signals are exactly complementary at the output port, so that the light at the output port is The signal power cannot change as the resonant wavelength of the microring changes.
  • the closed-loop control of the resonant wavelength of the microring cannot be performed, resulting in the closed-loop control being impossible for the upper download filter.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an upper download filter and an optical add/drop multiplexer, which can implement closed loop control on the upper download filter.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides the following technical solutions:
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an upper download filter, including: the upper download filter includes: an input port, an output port, an upload port, and a download port; the upload port is connected to a modulator, a first optical signal and a pilot signal are respectively input into the modulator, and the modulator is configured to load the pilot signal onto the first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal, where the second optical signal is Transmitting to the upload port; the upload port is input with the second optical signal, the input port is input with a third optical signal, and the second optical signal is different from the wavelength of the third optical signal by a free spectrum An integer multiple of the range; the output port and/or the download port is connected to a power detector, the power detector is configured to acquire an output optical signal from the output port or the download port, and detect the The optical power of the output optical signal.
  • the upper download filter includes an input port, an output port, an upload port, and a download port.
  • the upload port is connected to the modulator, and the first optical signal and the pilot signal are respectively input into the modulator, and the modulator is configured to load the pilot signal onto the first optical signal to obtain the second optical signal, and the second The optical signal is transmitted to the upload port, so the upload port can be input with the second optical signal, and the input port is input with the third optical signal, and the wavelengths of the second optical signal and the third optical signal are different by an integral multiple of the free spectral range.
  • the output port and/or the download port of the upper download filter provided by the embodiment of the present application is connected with a power detector for acquiring an output optical signal from the output port or the download port, and detecting the optical power of the output optical signal.
  • the second optical signal is input on the upload port of the upper download filter in the embodiment of the present application, the second optical signal is obtained by loading the pilot signal on the first optical signal, so that the download port or the output port may come from
  • the first optical signal of the upload port is separated, so that the measured optical power can be locked to the output port or the download port without being affected by the third optical signal input from the input port, so that the wavelength of the download filter can be real-time. Locked at the incident wavelength for closed-loop control of the upper download filter.
  • the upper download filter further includes: an input/output waveguide, a ring waveguide, an upper download waveguide, and a first micro hot electrode, wherein the first micro hot electrode is disposed Around the ring waveguide;
  • the input-output waveguide includes: the input port and the output port;
  • the input-output waveguide and the ring waveguide form a first coupler at a first coupling position;
  • the waveguide and the upper download waveguide form a second coupler at a second coupling position;
  • the upper download waveguide includes: the upload port and the download port.
  • the first micro-hot electrode is disposed around the ring waveguide, and the input-output waveguide includes: an input port and an output port, and the upper download waveguide includes: an upload port and a download port, that is, four ports of the upper download filter are input and output waveguides and The port of the waveguide is downloaded to implement.
  • the input and output waveguides and the ring waveguide form a first coupler at a first coupling position, and the ring waveguide and the upper download waveguide form a second coupler at a second coupling position.
  • the upper download filter of this configuration can achieve closed-loop control of the upper download filter by voltage or current adjustment of the first micro-hot electrode.
  • the upper download filter further includes: a beam splitter; the input/output waveguide is connected to the power detector through the beam splitter; or The download waveguide is connected to the power detector through the beam splitter.
  • the optical splitter is a passive device, also known as an optical splitter. It does not require external energy, and the splitting function can be realized as long as there is input light. It is not limited that the input/output waveguides may not be connected to the splitter, the direct power detectors may be connected, and the upper download waveguides may be connected without using the splitter direct power detectors.
  • the input and output waveguides and the ring waveguide form a first coupler at a first coupling position, including: the input and output waveguides and the ring waveguide are in the A tunable coupler is formed at the first coupling location.
  • the coupling coefficient of the first coupler can be adjusted by controlling the current or voltage of the first micro-hot electrode.
  • the upper download filter further includes: a second micro hot electrode, the second micro hot electrode is disposed around the input and output waveguide; the second a micro-hot electrode for adjusting a coupling coefficient of the adjustable coupler to 0; the input-output waveguide is further configured to output through the output port when a coupling coefficient of the adjustable coupler is adjusted to 0
  • the third optical signal is configured to adjust a resonant wavelength of the upper download filter to a target operating wavelength by adjusting a current or a voltage of the first micro thermal electrode; A micro-hot electrode for recovering the coupling coefficient of the adjustable coupler to a target value.
  • the resonant wavelength adjustment of the upper download filter can be accomplished by controlling the second micro-hot electrode and the first micro-hot electrode, thereby enabling closed-loop control of the upper download filter.
  • the input and output waveguides and the ring waveguide form a first coupler at a first coupling position, including: the input and output waveguides and the ring waveguide are in the A directional coupler, or a multimode interference coupler, is formed at the first coupling location.
  • the ring waveguide includes: N cascaded ring waveguides coupled to each other, the N being a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the first micro hot electrode, Included: N micro-hot electrodes respectively disposed around the N cascaded ring waveguides; the N micro-hot electrodes for asynchronously adjusting a current or voltage of a corresponding micro-hot electrode, the upper download filter
  • the resonant wavelength is configured to the target operating wavelength.
  • the first optical signal and the pilot signal are generated by a same optical signal generator.
  • the embodiment of the present application can generate the first optical signal and the pilot signal by using an optical signal generator, thereby utilizing the optical signal generator that originally generated the service optical signal, without separately setting the pilot signal generator.
  • the pilot signal is loaded with bit information.
  • the pilot signal is not only used for modulation with the first optical signal, but the pilot signal can also be used for secondary modulation, and the pilot signal is loaded with bit information, which can be used to implement control of the upper download filter, so By loading bit information on the pilot signal, the overhead of control signaling can be reduced, and the utilization of the pilot signal can be improved.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an optical add/drop multiplexer, comprising: the upper download filter, the modulator, and the power according to any one of the foregoing first aspects.
  • a detector and a controller wherein the controller is respectively connected to the modulator, the upper download filter, the power detector; and an upload port of the modulator and the upper download filter Connecting the power detector and the output port of the upper download filter and/or the download port; the controller, configured to load the pilot signal onto the first optical signal by using the modulator a second optical signal for transmitting the second optical signal to an upload port of the upper download filter; the power detector for obtaining output light from an output port or a download port of the upper download filter a signal, and detecting the optical power of the output optical signal.
  • the controller is further configured to demodulate the optical power of the optical signal corresponding to the frequency point at a preset frequency point.
  • the controller can also be used to demodulate the optical signal to obtain the optical power of the preset frequency point, so that the optical power analysis can be performed.
  • the optical add/drop multiplexer includes: M cascaded upper download filters, and M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the upper download filter further includes: a micro hot electrode, wherein the controller is further configured to adjust a current or a voltage of the micro hot electrode;
  • the upper download filter is further configured to configure the resonant wavelength to the target operating wavelength according to the adjusted current or voltage of the micro hot electrode.
  • the control can adjust the current or voltage of the micro hot electrode, so that the upper download filter can be configured according to the current or voltage adjusted by the micro hot electrode, and the resonant wavelength is configured to the target working wavelength to realize the wavelength switching of the download filter.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship of an upper download filter according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship between an upload port and an output port of an upper download filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another connection relationship between an upload port and an output port of an upper download filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a structure of an upper download filter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another composition of an upper download filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another composition of an upper download filter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic structural diagram of an upper download filter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic structural diagram of an upper download filter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is another schematic structural diagram of an upper download filter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of loading bit information on a pilot signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical add/drop multiplexer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an upper download filter and an optical add/drop multiplexer, which can implement closed loop control on the upper download filter.
  • the Add/Drop Filter (ADF) provided by the embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as a micro-loop filter, that is, a micro-ring structure for optical filtering is disposed in the upper download filter.
  • An upper download filter provided by the embodiment of the present application may include: an input port and an output port, and an add port and a download port. The input port and the upload port can be used to input optical signals separately, and the output port and the download port can be used to output optical signals.
  • the output port in the upper download filter may also be referred to as a through port.
  • the optical signal signals from the input port and the upload port in the through port or the download port are superimposed on each other, that is, the power of the two input optical signals is the same at the two outputs.
  • the ports are exactly complementary, and the optical power at the through port or the download port does not change with the resonant wavelength of the microring. Therefore, the total optical power of the download port or the through port cannot be used as the feedback amount to perform closed-loop control on the resonant wavelength of the micro-ring.
  • the upper download filter provided in the embodiment of the present application can separate the input optical signal at the through port or the download port.
  • the measured optical power can be locked to the output port or the download port without being affected by the optical signal input from the input port, so that the wavelength of the download filter can be locked at the incident wavelength in real time, thereby realizing the upper download filter. Closed-loop control.
  • an upper download filter 100 is provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the upper download filter 100 includes an input port 101 , an output port 102 , an upload port 103 , and a download port 104 .
  • the upload port 103 is connected to the modulator 200, and the modulator 200 is respectively input with a first optical signal and a pilot signal, and the modulator 200 is configured to load the pilot signal onto the first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal. Transmitting the second optical signal to the upload port 103;
  • the upload port 103 is input with a second optical signal, and the input port 101 is input with a third optical signal, and the wavelengths of the second optical signal and the third optical signal are different from each other by an integer multiple of a free spectral range;
  • the output port 102 and/or the download port 104 are connected to a power photodetector (MPD) 300, and the power detector 300 is configured to acquire an output optical signal from the output port 102 or the download port 104, and detect the light outputting the optical signal. power.
  • MPD power photodetector
  • the upper download filter 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application has four ports, which are respectively defined as an input port 101, an output port 102, an upload port 103, and a download port 104.
  • the input port and the upload port can be used to separately input optical signals, and the output port and the download port can be used to output optical signals.
  • a modulator 200 is connected to the upload port provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the modulator 200 may also be referred to as an optical modulator.
  • the modulator 200 has an input port and an output port.
  • the first port of the modulator 200 is respectively input with the first light.
  • the signal and pilot signals are connected to the output port of the modulator 200 and the upload port 103 of the upper download filter 100.
  • the modulator 200 can implement modulation of a first optical signal that is a traffic signal that needs to be input to the upper download filter 100. Specifically, the modulator 200 can load the pilot signal onto the first optical signal to obtain a second optical signal, and the modulator 200 transmits a pilot signal to the first optical signal, and the obtained second optical signal and the first Optical signals have the same wavelength.
  • the pilot signal refers to a signal transmitted for the purpose of measurement or monitoring, and the pilot signal is usually a single frequency, so that the detection and identification can be facilitated.
  • the modulator 200 transmits the second optical signal to the upload port 103 through its own output port. Therefore, the second optical signal can be input through the modulator 200 in the upload port 103.
  • the optical signal input to the input port 101 is defined as a "third optical signal", wherein the wavelength of the second optical signal differs from the wavelength of the third optical signal by a free spectral range Integer multiple.
  • the free spectral range refers to a range of frequencies or wavelengths of light that can be measured by the download filter
  • the wavelengths of the second optical signal and the third optical signal differ by an integer multiple of the free spectral range, for example, the second optical signal and the first
  • the wavelength difference between the three optical signals is equal to 0, that is, the second optical signal and the third optical signal may have the same wavelength.
  • the wavelengths of the second optical signal and the third optical signal are different from each other in the free spectral range, that is, the second optical signal may be twice as large as the third optical signal.
  • the limit of the download filter is downloaded.
  • the power of the two input signals is exactly complementary at the ports of the two outputs.
  • the power of the straight-through end buckle or the download port does not change with the change in the resonant wavelength of the microring. This makes it impossible to perform closed-loop control of the resonant wavelength of the microring.
  • the wavelength of the second optical signal input by the upload port of the upper download filter and the third optical signal input by the input port are different by an integer multiple of the free spectral range, and the closed loop control cannot be performed in order to solve the existence of the upper download filter.
  • the problem is that the upper download filter is connected to a modulator, and the modulator is loaded with a pilot signal on the first optical signal, so that the first optical signal and the third optical signal input to the input port can be at the ports of the two outputs. Separation is performed so that the first optical signal can be correctly identified, thus achieving closed-loop control of the upper download filter.
  • the output port and/or the download port of the upper download filter are connected with a power detector.
  • the output port 10 may be connected with a power detector.
  • the power port is connected to the download port, or, as shown in FIG. 3, a power detector is connected to the output port and the download port respectively.
  • the two power detectors can be used only.
  • the upper download filter is connected to the power detector.
  • the power detector may also be referred to as an optical power detector, and may be used to obtain an output optical signal from an output port or a download port, and detect an output optical signal.
  • Optical power For example, if the download port is connected to a power detector, the power detector detects the total power of the optical signal output from the download port 104, that is, the total optical power of the second optical signal and the third optical signal at the download port.
  • a power detector is connected to the output port and the download port respectively.
  • two power detectors and modulators are respectively connected to the controller.
  • the controller is configured to load a pilot signal onto the first optical signal by the modulator to obtain a second optical signal, and transmit the second optical signal to an upload port of the upper download filter.
  • the controller is also used to control the detection of the output optical power of two power detectors.
  • the controller is further configured to control the upper download filter to adjust the resonant wavelength of the upper download filter.
  • the upper download filter may include: two parallel straight waveguides and a ring waveguide coupled thereto, wherein two ports of one straight waveguide are respectively For: input port and output port, the other two ports of the straight waveguide are: upload port and download port.
  • These two straight waveguides also called guided waveguides or port waveguides, can be coupled to the microrings via directional couplers or multimode interference (MMI) couplers.
  • MMI multimode interference
  • the directional coupler can achieve coupling of a straight waveguide to a ring waveguide based on the evanescent wave principle.
  • the tolerance of the device process and the change of the working environment may affect the practical application.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an upper download filter, a micro hot electrode is integrated around the waveguide of the upper download filter, and the optical power of the specific port of the filter is measured in a light passing state, and the micro hot electrode is closed by a certain algorithm. The voltage or current, thereby controlling the local temperature of the microring, to achieve stable control of the filter pattern and operating wavelength of the integrated optical filter.
  • the upper download filter further includes: an input/output waveguide, a ring waveguide, an upper download waveguide, and a first micro hot electrode, wherein
  • a first micro hot electrode disposed around the ring waveguide
  • the input and output waveguides include: an input port and an output port;
  • the input and output waveguides and the ring waveguide form a first coupler at the first coupling position
  • the ring waveguide and the upper download waveguide form a second coupler at the second coupling position
  • the downloading waveguide includes: an upload port and a download port.
  • the first micro-hot electrode is disposed around the ring-shaped waveguide, for example, the first micro-hot electrode may be disposed in the same plane as the ring-shaped waveguide, and the first micro-hot electrode may be in a different plane from the ring-shaped waveguide, only the first micro-required
  • the hot electrode is disposed around the ring waveguide, and the first micro hot electrode in FIG. 4 can be illustrated as a different plane from the ring waveguide.
  • the input and output waveguides and the upper download waveguide may be two straight waveguides in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the input and output waveguides include: an input port and an output port.
  • the upper download waveguide includes an upload port and a download port, that is, four ports of the upper download filter can be implemented by input and output waveguides and ports for downloading the waveguide.
  • the input and output waveguides and the ring waveguide form a first coupler at a first coupling position
  • the ring waveguide and the upper download waveguide form a second coupler at a second coupling position.
  • three wavelengths of optical signals ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3 are input from the input port
  • the light When the resonance condition is satisfied, the light is coherently connected in the ring. When input from one port from one waveguide, it will be output from the corresponding port of the other waveguide.
  • the incident wavelength satisfies the microring resonance condition
  • the possible input and output port combinations are: from the input port to the download port, from the upload port to the output port.
  • the optical signal of the wavelength ⁇ 2 input from the input port is output from the download port of the other waveguide
  • the optical signal of the wavelength ⁇ A input from the upload port is output from the output port.
  • an optical signal that does not satisfy the resonant condition is coherently canceled within the microring and will be output from the other port of the same waveguide. If ⁇ 1, ⁇ 3 does not satisfy the resonance condition, input from the input port and output directly from the output port of the same waveguide.
  • the tuning of the microring resonant wavelength is used to fabricate the optical waveguide material, such as dielectric material (silicon dioxide, silicon nitride) or semiconductor material (III-V material, silicon material), which has a thermo-optic effect.
  • the resonant wavelength of the microring can be varied by controlling the local temperature of the microring to change the effective refractive index of the waveguide.
  • a micro hot electrode is integrated above the ring waveguide, and the local temperature of the micro ring is changed by controlling the voltage or current of the micro hot electrode.
  • the upper download filter further includes: a beam splitter; the input-output waveguide is connected to the power detector through the beam splitter; or the upper download waveguide is connected through the beam splitter and the power detector.
  • the download port and the power detector are connected through a splitter, and the splitter is a passive device, also called an optical splitter, which does not require external energy, and can realize the splitting function as long as there is input light.
  • the input/output waveguide may use a splitter without using a splitter, and directly use the optical power detector without splitting, and the upper download waveguide may also directly connect the undistributed optical power detection without using a splitter.
  • the above-mentioned non-dispersive optical power detector directly integrates the optical power detecting function component with the optical waveguide, so that the power of the optical signal passing through the waveguide can be directly detected without using the optical splitter.
  • the input-output waveguide and the ring waveguide form a first coupler at the first coupling position, including:
  • the input and output waveguides and the ring waveguide form a tunable coupler at a first coupling location.
  • the shape of the input and output waveguides may further include waveguides of two arc segments, the waveguides of the two arc segments respectively forming a first coupling position with the ring waveguide, and the controller may control the first micro
  • the current or voltage of the hot electrode realizes that the coupling coefficient of the first coupler can be adjusted, so the first coupler is specifically a tunable coupler.
  • the upper download filter further includes: a second micro hot electrode disposed around the input and output waveguides;
  • a second micro hot electrode for adjusting the coupling coefficient of the adjustable coupler to 0;
  • the input/output waveguide is further configured to output a third optical signal through the output port 102 when the coupling coefficient of the adjustable coupler is adjusted to 0;
  • a first micro-hot electrode configured to adjust a resonant wavelength of the upper download filter to a target operating wavelength by adjusting a current or a voltage of the first micro-hot electrode
  • a second micro-hot electrode for recovering the coupling coefficient of the tunable coupler to a target value.
  • the second micro-hot electrode is disposed around the input-output waveguide, for example, the second micro-hot electrode may be disposed in the same plane as the input-output waveguide, and the second micro-hot electrode may be different from the input-output waveguide. In the plane, only the second micro-hot electrode needs to be disposed around the input-output waveguide. In FIG. 5, the second micro-hot electrode can be in the same plane as the input-output waveguide.
  • the input and output waveguides include: an input port and an output port.
  • the upper download waveguide includes an upload port and a download port, that is, four ports of the upper download filter can be implemented by input and output waveguides and ports for downloading the waveguide.
  • the shape of the input/output waveguide may further include waveguides of two arc segments, and the waveguides of the two arc segments respectively form a first coupling position with the ring waveguide.
  • the resonance wavelength adjustment of the upper download filter may include the following process: first, the second micro-hot electrode adjusts the coupling coefficient of the adjustable coupler to 0, and when the coupling coefficient of the adjustable coupler is adjusted to 0, the input-output waveguide passes The output port outputs a third optical signal. At this point, the input and output waveguides can be disconnected from the ring waveguide, and the optical signals of all wavelengths input from the input port will be directly output from the output port.
  • the first micro-hot electrode can be controlled to adjust the current or voltage of the first self, the resonant wavelength of the upper download filter is configured to the target operating wavelength, and finally the second micro-hot electrode is controlled to restore the coupling coefficient of the adjustable coupler to the target. value.
  • the adjustable coupler has two states, defined as "on” and "off".
  • the coupling coefficient corresponding to the "off” state is 0, and the coupling coefficient corresponding to the "on” state is a target value that is not zero. In principle, the value should be equal to the coupling coefficient between the last ring waveguide and the upper download waveguide.
  • the input-output waveguide and the ring waveguide form a first coupler at the first coupling position, including:
  • the input and output waveguides and the ring waveguide form a directional coupler, or a multimode interference coupler, at a first coupling location.
  • the input-output waveguide may be a straight waveguide, and the input-output waveguide and the ring waveguide form a directional coupler or a multi-mode interference coupler at a first coupling position.
  • No micro-hot electrode is disposed around the input-output waveguide, and the first micro-hot electrode is disposed around the ring-shaped waveguide, so the coupling coefficient between the input-output waveguide and the ring-shaped waveguide is fixed and does not need to be adjusted.
  • an input port and an upload port of the upper download filter respectively input optical signals
  • a micro-hot electrode is disposed around the upper modulation arm waveguide in the upper download filter by adjusting the micro The current or voltage of the hot electrode, thereby adjusting the operating wavelength of the upper download filter.
  • the input port and the upload port of the upper download filter respectively output optical signals
  • a micro-hot electrode is disposed around the grating in the upper download filter, and the current or voltage of the micro-hot electrode is adjusted to adjust the download filter.
  • the working wavelength of the device As shown in FIG. 7, the input port and the upload port of the upper download filter respectively output optical signals, and a micro-hot electrode is disposed around the grating in the upper download filter, and the current or voltage of the micro-hot electrode is adjusted to adjust the download filter.
  • the working wavelength of the device is not limited to adjust the download filter.
  • the ring waveguide includes: N cascaded ring waveguides coupled to each other, N being a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • a first micro-hot electrode comprising: N micro-hot electrodes respectively disposed around the N cascaded ring waveguides;
  • N micro-hot electrodes for arranging the resonant wavelength of the upper download filter to the target operating wavelength by asynchronously adjusting the current or voltage of the corresponding micro-hot electrode.
  • N micro hot electrodes are arranged around the N cascaded ring waveguides, that is, a micro heat is arranged around a cascade ring waveguide.
  • the electrode so that the cascaded ring waveguide corresponding to the micro-hot electrode can be controlled by adjusting a micro-hot electrode. Therefore, by asynchronous tuning of N microrings (the number of microrings N is greater than or equal to 2), non-blocking switching of the wavelength of the upper download filter can be achieved.
  • the first optical signal and the pilot signal are generated by the same optical signal generator. That is, the first optical signal and the pilot signal can be generated using an optical signal generator, thereby utilizing the optical signal generator that originally generated the service optical signal, without separately setting the pilot signal generator.
  • the pilot signal is loaded with bit information. That is to say, the pilot signal is not only used for modulation with the first optical signal, but the pilot signal can also be used for secondary modulation, and the pilot signal is loaded with bit information, and the bit information can be used to implement filtering on the upper download.
  • the monitoring of the service signal of the device, so that the bit information is loaded on the pilot signal the overhead of the control signaling can be reduced, and the utilization of the pilot signal can be improved.
  • the upper download filter includes an input port, an output port, an upload port, and a download port.
  • the upload port is connected to the modulator, and the first optical signal and the pilot signal are respectively input into the modulator, and the modulator is configured to load the pilot signal onto the first optical signal to obtain the second optical signal, and the second The optical signal is transmitted to the upload port, so the upload port can be input with the second optical signal, and the input port is input with the third optical signal, and the wavelengths of the second optical signal and the third optical signal are different by an integral multiple of the free spectral range.
  • the output port and/or the download port of the upper download filter provided by the embodiment of the present application is connected with a power detector for acquiring an output optical signal from the output port or the download port, and detecting the optical power of the output optical signal.
  • the second optical signal is input on the upload port of the upper download filter in the embodiment of the present application, the second optical signal is obtained by loading the pilot signal on the first optical signal, so that the download port or the output port may come from
  • the first optical signal of the upload port is separated, so that the measured optical power can be locked to the output port or the download port without being affected by the third optical signal input from the input port, so that the wavelength of the download filter can be real-time. Locked at the incident wavelength for closed-loop control of the upper download filter.
  • the signals from the input port and the upload port at the output port or the download port are superimposed on each other.
  • the power of the two input signals is the same, the two output ports are exactly complementary, and the power at the output port or the download port does not change with the change of the resonant wavelength of the microring. Therefore, the resonant wavelength of the microring cannot be closed-loop controlled by the total optical power of the download port or the output port as the feedback amount.
  • the pilot signal is introduced into the input signal of the upload port, so that the signal from the upload port can be separated at the download port or the output port, so that the measured signal can be measured without being affected by the input port signal.
  • the optical power lock reaches a maximum value at the output port, or the measured optical signal is locked to the download port to a minimum value, so that the wavelength of the upper download filter can be locked at the incident wavelength in real time.
  • the upper download filter provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: an input/output waveguide, a coupled ring waveguide coupled to each other, an upper download waveguide, a modulator connected to the upload port, and a light located at the download port/output port. Power detector.
  • an adjustable coupler is formed between the input and output waveguides and the ring waveguide.
  • a ring waveguide is specifically an example of three cascaded ring waveguides.
  • a micro heating electrode is disposed around each of the cascaded ring waveguides, respectively: micro heating electrodes R1, R2, and R3, and the input and output waveguides are disposed around Miniature heating electrode R0.
  • the spectrum signal and the wavelength control of the upper download filter can be implemented by using the service signal of the upload port and the pilot signal.
  • the shaping of the spectrum utilizes the signal of the download port or the output port as a feedback amount, and the filter spectrum is shaped by searching for the maximum or minimum value by the control of three independent micro heating electrodes.
  • the non-blocking (Hitless) switching of the working wavelength is divided into four steps:
  • Step 10 Adjust the coupling coefficient between the input and output waveguides and the microring to 0 (the initial value is k0, 0 ⁇ k0 ⁇ 1). At this time, disconnect the input and output waveguides from the microring filter, and input from the input port. Optical signals of all wavelengths will be output directly from Output;
  • the resonant wavelength of the upper download filter is open-loop configured to be near the preset operating wavelength.
  • the resonant wavelength can be adjusted by querying the wavelength switching table.
  • Step 12 Restore the coupling coefficients of the input and output waveguides and the microring, for example, the coupling coefficient is k0, 0 ⁇ k0 ⁇ 1;
  • Step 13 The optical power detector is used to test the power of the optical signal at the download port and the output port, and the pilot signal is demodulated from the obtained electrical signal to separate the optical power of the uploaded optical signal, and the maximum and minimum algorithms are used.
  • the operating wavelength of the microring is precisely controlled in real time.
  • the initial state is that the upper download filter works normally at the current wavelength.
  • the input and output waveguides are disconnected from the first ring waveguide. Among them, it is not a physical disconnection, it is an optical disconnection.
  • the voltages of the micro heating electrode R1, the micro heating electrode R2, and the micro heating electrode R3 are arranged at a voltage corresponding to the target wavelength. The voltage of the micro heating electrode is restored, followed by precise lock wave.
  • control Step As previously described, the modulator at the upload port described above is used to load the pilot signal to the optical signal of the upload port.
  • the upper download microring resonator includes: an input/output waveguide, a coupled ring waveguide coupled to each other, an upper download waveguide, a modulator connected to the upload port, and a download port (or an output). Port) power detector.
  • This structure allows for two wavelength locking schemes (maximum power detector at output port) and minimum value (power detector at download port). Taking the maximum value lock as an example, the wavelength Hitless switching process will be described next.
  • Step 20 Input a service carrying a pilot pilot signal on an upload port.
  • Step 21 performing optical power detection and demodulation of the pilot signal at the output port to measure the power of the optical signal from the upload port;
  • Step 22 using the optical power from the upload port as the feedback amount, real-time configuring the driving voltage or current of the micro-hot micro-electrode by a coordinate conversion algorithm, and locking the resonant wavelength to the current working wavelength;
  • Step 23 The upload port inputs a signal of another wavelength
  • Step 24 Asynchronously configure the voltages of the three micro-hot electrodes to the new target operating wavelength, and then repeat the above locking process.
  • the directional coupler having a fixed coupling coefficient at the coupling position of the input/output waveguide and the first ring waveguide is not a coupler with adjustable coupling coefficient.
  • the Hitless wavelength switching is performed by adjusting the coupling coefficient of the input/output waveguide and the first ring waveguide to 0 by the adjustable coupler, and tuning the resonant wavelength of the microring portion as a whole, and then recovering the adjustable coupler. to fulfill.
  • Hitless wavelength switching is implemented by asynchronously tuning N microrings, wherein the number N of microrings is greater than or equal to 2.
  • the pilot signal is loaded onto the service signal by the modulator of the upload port, and the pilot signal can also be added to other nodes of the download filter, such as a board generated by the service signal.
  • the use of the pilot signal is not limited to the order of the ring, nor is it limited to whether there is a tunable coupler or whether the pilot signal is generated with a separate modulator. For example, when the order of the microring is increased from 3 to 4, the control flow for the embodiment shown in Fig.
  • an optical add/drop multiplexer based on the upper download filter is also provided.
  • a plurality of upper download filter cascades may be included in the optical add/drop multiplexer, and different upper download filters may use pilot signals of different frequencies to avoid mutual interference.
  • the closed-loop control of the download filter provided by the embodiment of the present application does not affect its cascading characteristics.
  • a pilot signal is introduced into the first optical signal of the upload port, which can be used not only for the power test of the first optical signal but also for the secondary modulation of the pilot signal, loading the bit information. For the transmission of network management signals.
  • the embodiment of the present application solves the problem that the upper download filter controls the working wavelength when the input port and the upload port have input at the same time.
  • the optical signal is a Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) signal
  • the uplink optical signal is utilized.
  • two complementary symmetrical channels are locked.
  • the Hitless switching of the upper download filter is input from the input port of the upper and lower load sharing filters when the operating wavelength of a certain download filter is switched from the current wavelength (Wavelength_existing) to the target wavelength (Wavelength_target).
  • Other wavelengths may not affect the output from their output ports.
  • the wavelength locking process takes time, but the purpose of locking is to precisely control the operating wavelength of the upper download filter at the target wavelength. After the open-loop control of the micro-hot electrode, the voltage or current of the micro-hot electrode is adjusted to the value corresponding to the target wavelength, and the filter line of the download filter does not affect other wavelengths.
  • the up-and-down filter provided by the embodiment of the present application performs the working wavelength locking of the upper download filter by using the uploaded optical signal, wherein a pilot signal is introduced into the uploaded optical signal, so that the light of the uploaded optical signal can be obtained at the detection point. Power is not affected by the downloaded optical signal.
  • the upper download filter provided by the embodiment of the present application supports Hitless wavelength switching.
  • the input port signal does not need to be loaded with the pilot signal, or even if the pilot signal is already included, it can be discarded directly without affecting the cascaded use of the add/drop filter.
  • the pilot signal is used to distinguish the optical signal in the upper download filter to achieve closed-loop control of the operating wavelength of the upper download filter, allowing Hitless wavelength switching without affecting device cascading.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an optical add/drop multiplexer 1000.
  • the optical add/drop multiplexer 1000 includes: an upper download filter 100, a modulator 200, and a power detector according to the foregoing embodiments. 300 and controller 400, wherein
  • the controller 400 is respectively connected to the modulator 200, the upper download filter 100, and the power detector 300;
  • the modulator 200 is connected to an upload port of the upper download filter 100;
  • the power detector 300 is connected to an output port and/or a download port of the upper download filter 100;
  • the controller 400 is configured to load a pilot signal onto the first optical signal by the modulator 200 to obtain a second optical signal, and transmit the second optical signal to an upload port of the upper download filter;
  • the power detector 300 is configured to acquire an output optical signal from an output port or a download port of the upper download filter, and detect an optical power of the output optical signal.
  • the optical add/drop multiplexer 1000 may specifically be a Tunable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (T-OADM).
  • T-OADM Tunable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer
  • the controller 400 provided by the embodiment of the present application is configured to load a pilot signal onto the first optical signal by the modulator 200 to obtain a second optical signal, and transmit the second optical signal to an upload port of the upper download filter.
  • the controller 400 is further configured to demodulate the optical power of the optical signal corresponding to the frequency point at a preset frequency point.
  • the controller 400 can also be used to demodulate the optical signal to obtain the optical power of the preset frequency point, so that the optical power analysis can be performed.
  • an optical add/drop multiplexer includes: M cascaded up download filters.
  • the number of M depends on the application scenario, for example, M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the upper download filter further includes: a micro hot electrode, wherein
  • the controller is also used to adjust the current or voltage of the micro hot electrode
  • the download filter is also used to configure the resonant wavelength to the target operating wavelength according to the current or voltage adjusted by the micro hot electrode.
  • the upper download filter further includes: a micro hot electrode.
  • the micro hot electrode may be disposed around the waveguide in the upper download filter.
  • the download filter is connected to the controller, and the control can adjust the current or voltage of the micro hot electrode, so that the download filter can be configured to the target operating wavelength according to the current or voltage adjusted by the micro hot electrode. The wavelength of the download filter is switched.
  • the optical add/drop multiplexer includes an upper download filter including an input port, an output port, an upload port, and a download port.
  • the upload port is connected to the modulator, and the first optical signal and the pilot signal are respectively input into the modulator, and the modulator is configured to load the pilot signal onto the first optical signal to obtain the second optical signal, and the second
  • the optical signal is transmitted to the upload port, so the upload port can be input with the second optical signal, and the input port is input with the third optical signal, and the wavelengths of the second optical signal and the third optical signal are different by an integral multiple of the free spectral range.
  • the output port and/or the download port of the upper download filter provided by the embodiment of the present application is connected with a power detector for acquiring an output optical signal from the output port or the download port, and detecting the optical power of the output optical signal.
  • the second optical signal is input on the upload port of the upper download filter in the embodiment of the present application, the second optical signal is obtained by loading the pilot signal on the first optical signal, so that the download port or the output port may come from
  • the first optical signal of the upload port is separated, so that the measured optical power can be locked to the output port or the download port without being affected by the third optical signal input from the input port, so that the wavelength of the download filter can be real-time. Locked at the incident wavelength for closed-loop control of the upper download filter.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be Physical units can be located in one place or distributed to multiple units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, and specifically may be implemented as one or more communication lines or signal lines.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种上下载滤波器和光分插复用器，可实现对上下载滤波器的闭环控制。本申请实施例提供一种上下载滤波器，包括：上下载滤波器包括：输入端口、输出端口、上载端口和下载端口；上载端口和调制器相连接，调制器中分别输入有第一光信号和导频信号，调制器，用于将导频信号加载到第一光信号上得到第二光信号，将第二光信号传输到上载端口上；上载端口输入有第二光信号，输入端口输入有第三光信号，第二光信号与第三光信号的波长相差自由光谱范围的整数倍；输出端口和/或下载端口连接有功率探测器，功率探测器，用于从输出端口或下载端口获取到输出光信号，以及探测输出光信号的光功率。

Description

一种上下载滤波器和光分插复用器
本申请要求于2017年11月17日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711148120.6、发明名称为“一种上下载滤波器和光分插复用器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种上下载滤波器和光分插复用器。
背景技术
上下载滤波器是光纤密集波分复用系统中的关键器件，可以实现特定波长或特定波长组合在主光纤链路中的上路和下路。上下载滤波器可以采用固定工作波长，如基于介质膜的滤波器，也可以采用可调谐的工作波长，如基于硅基液晶(LCOS，Liquid Crystal On Silicon)的波长选择光开关(WSS，Wavelength Selective Switch)滤波器。
利用集成光学也可以实现工作波长可调谐的上下载滤波器，并实现更加紧凑的结构。上下载滤波器可以用不同的光学结构实现，如马赫-曾德尔(Mach-Zehnder，MZ)结构，光栅结构，以及微环结构。其中，利用多微环级联的结构可实现巴特沃兹、切比雪夫等滤波谱型。以微环滤波器为例，用于光学滤波的微环结构在输入端口和上载端口同时有相同波长的信号输入时，两个输入光信号在输出的端口正好互补，使得在输出的端口的光信号功率无法随微环谐振波长的变化而变化。此时，无法对微环的谐振波长进行闭环控制，导致上下载滤波器无法实现闭环控制。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种上下载滤波器和光分插复用器，可实现对上下载滤波器的闭环控制。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例提供以下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种上下载滤波器，包括：所述上下载滤波器包括：输入端口、输出端口、上载端口和下载端口；所述上载端口和调制器相连接，所述调制器中分别输入有第一光信号和导频信号，所述调制器，用于将所述导频信号加载到所述第一光信号上得到第二光信号，将所述第二光信号传输到所述上载端口上；所述上载端口输入有所述第二光信号，所述输入端口输入有第三光信号，所述第二光信号与所述第三光信号的波长相差自由光谱范围的整数倍；所述输出端口和/或所述下载端口连接有功率探测器，所述功率探测器，用于从所述输出端口或所述下载端口获取到输出光信号，以及探测所述输出光信号的光功率。
在本申请实施例中，上下载滤波器中包括有输入端口、输出端口、上载端口和下载端口。其中，上载端口和调制器相连接，调制器中分别输入有第一光信号和导频信号，调制器，用于将导频信号加载到第一光信号上得到第二光信号，将第二光信号传输到上载端口 上，因此该上载端口可输入有第二光信号，输入端口输入有第三光信号，第二光信号与第三光信号的波长相差自由光谱范围的整数倍。并且本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器中输出端口和/或下载端口连接有功率探测器，该功率探测器用于从输出端口或下载端口获取到输出光信号，以及探测输出光信号的光功率。由于本申请实施例中上下载滤波器的上载端口上输入有第二光信号，该第二光信号通过在第一光信号上加载有导频信号得到，从而可以在下载端口或者输出端口将来自上载端口的第一光信号分离出来，这样就可以不受输入端口输入的第三光信号的影响，将测得的光功率锁定在输出端口或者下载端口，从而上下载滤波器的波长能够被实时锁定在入射波长处，实现对上下载滤波器的闭环控制。
在本申请的第一方面的一个可能设计中，所述上下载滤波器，还包括：输入输出波导、环形波导、上下载波导、第一微型热电极，其中，所述第一微型热电极设置在所述环形波导的周围；所述输入输出波导包括：所述输入端口和所述输出端口；所述输入输出波导和所述环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成第一耦合器；所述环形波导和所述上下载波导在第二耦合位置上形成第二耦合器；所述上下载波导包括：所述上载端口和所述下载端口。其中，第一微型热电极设置在环形波导的周围，输入输出波导包括：输入端口和输出端口，上下载波导包括：上载端口和下载端口，即上下载滤波器的四个端口可由输入输出波导和上下载波导的端口来实现。输入输出波导和环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成第一耦合器，环形波导和上下载波导在第二耦合位置上形成第二耦合器。这种结构的上下载滤波器可以通过第一微型热电极的电压或电流调整实现对上下载滤波器的闭环控制。
在本申请的第一方面的一个可能设计中，所述上下载滤波器，还包括：分光器；所述输入输出波导通过所述分光器和所述功率探测器相连接；或，所述上下载波导通过所述分光器和所述功率探测器相连接。分光器是无源器件,又称光分路器，不需要外部能量，只要有输入光即可实现分光功能。不限定的是，输入输出波导也可以不使用分光器，直接功率探测器相连接，上下载波导也可以不使用分光器直接功率探测器相连接。
在本申请的第一方面的一个可能设计中，所述输入输出波导和所述环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成第一耦合器，包括：所述输入输出波导和所述环形波导在所述第一耦合位置上形成可调耦合器。通过控制第一微型热电极的电流或者电压，实现第一耦合器的耦合系数可调整。
在本申请的第一方面的一个可能设计中，所述上下载滤波器，还包括：第二微型热电极，所述第二微型热电极设置在所述输入输出波导的周围；所述第二微型热电极，用于将所述可调耦合器的耦合系数调整为0；所述输入输出波导，还用于当所述可调耦合器的耦合系数调整为0时，通过所述输出端口输出所述第三光信号；所述第一微型热电极，用于通过调整所述第一微型热电极的电流或者电压，将所述上下载滤波器的谐振波长配置到目标工作波长；所述第二微型热电极，用于将所述可调耦合器的耦合系数恢复至目标值。该上下载滤波器的谐振波长调整可以通过控制第二微型热电极和第一微型热电极来完成，从而可以实现对上下载滤波器的闭环控制。
在本申请的第一方面的一个可能设计中，所述输入输出波导和所述环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成第一耦合器，包括：所述输入输出波导和所述环形波导在所述第一耦合位置上形成定向耦合器，或多模干涉耦合器。
在本申请的第一方面的一个可能设计中，所述环形波导，包括：相互耦合的N个级联环形波导，所述N为大于或等于2的正整数；所述第一微型热电极，包括：分别设置在所述N个级联环形波导周围的N个微型热电极；所述N个微型热电极，用于通过异步调节相应微型热电极的电流或者电压，将所述上下载滤波器的谐振波长配置到目标工作波长。
在本申请的第一方面的一个可能设计中，所述第一光信号和所述导频信号由同一个光信号发生器产生。本申请实施例可以使用一个光信号发生器就可以产生第一光信号和导频信号，从而利用原有产生业务光信号的光信号发生器，而不需要单独设置导频信号发生器。
在本申请的第一方面的一个可能设计中，所述导频信号上加载有比特信息。导频信号不仅用于与第一光信号的调制，该导频信号还可以用于二次调制，导频信号上加载有比特信息，该比特信息可用于实现对上下载滤波器的控制，因此通过导频信号上加载有比特信息，可以减少控制信令的开销，提高对导频信号的利用率。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种光分插复用器，所述光分插复用器包括：如前述第一方面中任一项所述的上下载滤波器、调制器、功率探测器和控制器，其中，所述控制器，分别和所述调制器、所述上下载滤波器、所述功率探测器相连接；所述调制器和所述上下载滤波器的上载端口相连接；所述功率探测器和所述上下载滤波器的输出端口和/或所述下载端口连接；所述控制器，用于通过所述调制器将导频信号加载到第一光信号上得到第二光信号，将所述第二光信号传输到所述上下载滤波器的上载端口上；所述功率探测器，用于从所述上下载滤波器的输出端口或下载端口获取到输出光信号，以及探测所述输出光信号的光功率。
在本申请的第二方面的一个可能设计中，所述控制器，还用于在预置的频点上解调出与所述频点对应的光信号的光功率。其中，控制器还可以用于解调光信号，从而得到预置的频点的光功率，从而可以进行光功率分析。
在本申请的第二方面的一个可能设计中，所述光分插复用器，包括：M个级联的所述上下载滤波器，M为大于或等于1的正整数。
在本申请的第二方面的一个可能设计中，所述上下载滤波器，还包括：微型热电极，其中，所述控制器，还用于调整所述微型热电极的电流或者电压；所述上下载滤波器，还用于按照所述微型热电极调整后的电流或者电压，将谐振波长配置到目标工作波长。控制可以调整微型热电极的电流或者电压，从而上下载滤波器可以按照微型热电极调整后的电流或者电压，将谐振波长配置到目标工作波长，实现上下载滤波器的波长切换。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种上下载滤波器的连接关系示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器通过上载端口和输出端口的一种连接关系示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器通过上载端口和输出端口的另一种连接关系示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器的一种组成结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器的另一种组成结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器的另一种组成结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器的另一种组成结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器的另一种组成结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器的另一种组成结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的导频信号上加载比特信息的示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种光分插复用器的组成结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供了一种上下载滤波器和光分插复用器，可实现对上下载滤波器的闭环控制。
下面结合附图，对本申请的实施例进行描述。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的术语在适当情况下可以互换，这仅仅是描述本申请的实施例中对相同属性的对象在描述时所采用的区分方式。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，以便包含一系列单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于那些单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它单元。
本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器(Add/Drop Filter，ADF)也可以称为微环滤波器，即在上下载滤波器中设置有用于光学滤波的微环结构。本申请实施例提供的一种上下载滤波器中，可以包括：输入端口(Input Port)和输出端口(Output Port)、以及上载端口(Add Port)和下载端口(Drop Port)。其中，输入端口和上载端口可用于分别输入光信号，输出端口和下载端口可用于输出光信号。其中，上下载滤波器中的输出端口也可以称为直通端口(Through Port)。当输入端口和上载端口同时有相同波长的光信号输入时，在直通端口或者下载端口来自输入端口和上载端口的光信号信号相互叠加，即这两个输入光信号的功率相同时在两个输出的端口正好互补，在直通端口或者下载端口的光功率不随微环谐振波长的变化而变化。因此无法以下载端口或者直通端口的总光功率作为反馈量对微环的谐振波长进行闭环控制，本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器可以在直通端口或者下载端口对输入的光信号进行分离，从而可以不受输入端口输入的光信号的影响，将测得的光功率锁定在输出端口或者下载端口，从而上下载滤波器的波长能够被实时锁定在入射波长处，实现对上下载滤波器的闭环控制。
接下来对本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器进行详细说明。请参阅图1所示，本申请实施例提供的一种上下载滤波器100，其特征在于，上下载滤波器100包括：输入端口101、输出端口102、上载端口103和下载端口104；
上载端口103和调制器200相连接，调制器200中分别输入有第一光信号和导频信号，调制器200，用于将导频信号加载到第一光信号上得到第二光信号，将第二光信号传输到上载端口103上；
上载端口103输入有第二光信号，输入端口101输入有第三光信号，第二光信号与第三光信号的波长相差自由光谱范围的整数倍；
输出端口102和/或下载端口104连接有功率探测器(Monitoring Photodiode，MPD)300，功率探测器300，用于从输出端口102或下载端口104获取到输出光信号，以及探测输出光信号的光功率。
其中，本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器100具有四个端口，分别定义为：输入端口101、输出端口102、上载端口103和下载端口104。对于输入端口和上载端口可用于分别输入光信号，输出端口和下载端口可用于输出光信号。在本申请实施例提供的上载端口连接有调制器200，该调制器200也可以称为光调制器，调制器200具有输入端口和输出端口，调制器200的输入端口中分别输入有第一光信号和导频信号，调制器200的输出端口和上下载滤波器100的上载端口103相连接。该调制器200可以实现对第一光信号的调制，该第一光信号是需要输入到上下载滤波器100的业务信号。具体的，该调制器200可以将导频信号加载到第一光信号上得到第二光信号，通过调制器200对第一光信号上加载导频信号，所得到的第二光信号和第一光信号具有相同的波长。其中，导频信号指的是为测量或监控的目的而发送的信号，导频信号通常为单一频率，因此可便于检测识别。调制器200通过自身的输出端口将第二光信号传输到上载端口103上。因此上载端口103中可以通过调制器200输入第二光信号。
为区别于上下载滤波器的不同端口中的光信号，将输入到输入端口101的光信号定义为“第三光信号”，其中，第二光信号与第三光信号的波长相差自由光谱范围的整数倍。其中，自由光谱范围是指上下载滤波器能测量的光的频率或波长的范围，第二光信号与第三光信号的波长相差自由光谱范围的整数倍，举例说明，第二光信号和第三光信号之间的波长相差等于0，即第二光信号和第三光信号可以具有相同的波长。又如第二光信号与第三光信号的波长相差自由光谱范围的一倍，即第二光信号可以是第三光信号的一倍，此处仅用举例，不作为对本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器的限定。
需要说明的是，现有技术中，上下载滤波器的上载端口输入的光信号和输入端口输入的光信号具有相同波长时，这两个输入信号的功率在两个输出的端口正好互补，在直通端扣或者下载端口的功率不随微环谐振波长的变化而变化。导致无法对微环的谐振波长进行闭环控制。本申请实施例中，上下载滤波器的上载端口输入的第二光信号和输入端口输入的第三光信号的波长相差自由光谱范围的整数倍，为了解决上下载滤波器存在的无法进行闭环控制的问题，该上下载滤波器连接有调制器，该调制器在第一光信号上加载有导频信号，从而可以使得第一光信号和输入端口输入的第三光信号在两个输出的端口进行分离，从而可以正确识别出第一光信号，因此实现了对上下载滤波器的闭环控制。
在本申请实施例中，上下载滤波器的输出端口和/或下载端口连接有功率探测器，例如图2所示，输出端口10可以连接有功率探测器。或者下载端口连接有功率探测器，或者，如图3所示，输出端口和下载端口分别连接有一个功率探测器。需要说明的是，若输出端口和下载端口分别连接有各自的功率探测器，这两个功率探测器只用其一即可。本申请实施例中上下载滤波器和功率探测器相连接，该功率探测器也可以称为光功率探测器，可以用于从输出端口或下载端口获取到输出光信号，以及探测输出光信号的光功率。举例说明，若下载端口连接有一个功率探测器，功率探测器探测到的是从下载端口104输出的光信号的总功率，即第二光信号与第三光信号在下载端口的总光功率。
需要说明的是，在图3中，输出端口和下载端口分别连接有一个功率探测器。图3中，两个功率探测器、调制器分别和控制器相连接。其中，控制器，用于通过调制器将导频信号加载到第一光信号上得到第二光信号，将第二光信号传输到上下载滤波器的上载端口上。同时该控制器还用于控制两个功率探测器进行输出光功率的探测。另外，该控制器还用于对上下载滤波器的控制，从而调整该上下载滤波器的谐振波长，详见后续实施例中对该控制器的详细说明。
接下来对本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器的一种应用场景进行说明，上下载滤波器可以包括：两条平行的直波导和与之耦合的环形波导，其中一个直波导的两个端口分别为：输入端口和输出端口，另一个直波导的两个端口分别为：上载端口和下载端口。两条平行的直波导和与之耦合的环形波导。这两个直波导又叫引导波导或端口波导，可以通过定向耦合器或多模干涉(Multimode Interference，MMI)耦合器与微环耦合。例如该定向耦合器可以基于倏逝波原理实现直波导与环形波导的耦合。
在本申请的一些实施例中，对于利用集成光学实现的上下载滤波器，器件工艺的容差、工作环境的变化，如工作温度、激光器波长漂移，都会影响其实际应用。本申请实施例还提供一种上下载滤波器，在该上下载滤波器的波导周围集成微型热电极，在通光状态下测量滤波器特定端口的光功率，通过一定的算法闭环调整微型热电极的电压或电流，从而控制微环局部的温度，以此来实现对集成光滤波器的滤波谱型以及工作波长的稳定控制。请参阅图4所示，上下载滤波器，还包括：输入输出波导、环形波导、上下载波导、第一微型热电极，其中，
第一微型热电极设置在环形波导的周围；
输入输出波导包括：输入端口和输出端口；
输入输出波导和环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成第一耦合器；
环形波导和上下载波导在第二耦合位置上形成第二耦合器；
上下载波导包括：上载端口和下载端口。
其中，第一微型热电极设置在环形波导的周围，例如第一微型热电极可以与环形波导设置相同的平面内，第一微型热电极可以与环形波导处于不同的平面内，只需要第一微型热电极设置在环形波导的周围即可，图4中以第一微型热电极可以与环形波导处于不同的平面为例进行说明。输入输出波导和上下载波导可以为前述实施例中的两个直波导。输入输出波导包括：输入端口和输出端口，上下载波导包括：上载端口和下载端口，即上下载滤波器的四个端口可由输入输出波导和上下载波导的端口来实现。
如图4所示，输入输出波导和环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成第一耦合器，环形波导和上下载波导在第二耦合位置上形成第二耦合器。举例说明如下，从输入端口输入三个波长的光信号λ1，λ2，λ3，从上载端口输入一个波长的光信号λA，其中λ2和λA满足微环的谐振条件，即2*pi*R*Neff＝mλ，其中m为整数，R为环形波导的半径，Neff为环形波导的有效折射率。满足谐振条件光在环内相干相长，从一条波导从某个端口输入时，将从另外一条波导的对应端口输出。入射波长满足微环谐振条件时，可能的输入和输出的端口组合为：从输入端口到下载端口，从上载端口到输出端口。如图4中，从输入端口输入的波长为λ2的光信号从另一条波导的下载端口输出，而从上载端口输入的波长为λA 的光信号则从输出端口输出。同样，不满足谐振条件的光信号在微环内相干相消，将从同一条波导的另一个端口输出。若λ1，λ3不满足谐振条件，从输入端口输入，直接从同一条波导的输出端口输出。
需要说明的是，微环谐振波长的调谐用于制作光波导的材料，例如介质材料(二氧化硅，氮化硅)或者半导体材料(III-V材料，硅材料)都具有热光效应，因此可以通过控制微环局部的温度来改变波导的有效折射率，从而改变微环的谐振波长。例如本申请实施例中在环形波导的上方集成微型热电极，通过控制微型热电极的电压或电流来改变微环的局部温度。
在本申请的一些实施例中，上下载滤波器，还包括：分光器；输入输出波导通过分光器和功率探测器相连接；或，上下载波导通过分光器和功率探测器相连接。如图4所示，以下载端口和功率探测器通过分光器相连接进行示意说明，分光器是无源器件,又称光分路器，不需要外部能量，只要有输入光即可实现分光功能。不限定的是，在本申请的一些实施例中，输入输出波导可以不使用分光器，直接使用不分光的光功率探测器，上下载波导也可以不使用分光器直接连接不分光的光功率探测器。上述不分光的光功率探测器将具有光功率探测功能的部件与光波导直接集成，从而可以不用分光器直接探测经过波导的光信号的功率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，输入输出波导和环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成第一耦合器，包括：
输入输出波导和环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成可调耦合器。
如图5所示，输入输出波导的形状还可以包括两个弧形段的波导，这两个弧形段的波导分别和环形波导形成有第一耦合位置，则控制器可以通过控制第一微型热电极的电流或者电压，实现第一耦合器的耦合系数可调整，因此该第一耦合器具体为可调耦合器。
在本申请的一些实施例中，上下载滤波器，还包括：第二微型热电极，第二微型热电极设置在输入输出波导的周围；
第二微型热电极，用于将可调耦合器的耦合系数调整为0；
输入输出波导，还用于当可调耦合器的耦合系数调整为0时，通过输出端口102输出第三光信号；
第一微型热电极，用于通过调整第一微型热电极的电流或者电压，将上下载滤波器的谐振波长配置到目标工作波长；
第二微型热电极，用于将可调耦合器的耦合系数恢复至目标值。
其中，如图5所示，第二微型热电极设置在输入输出波导的周围，例如第二微型热电极可以与输入输出波导设置相同的平面内，第二微型热电极可以与输入输出波导处于不同的平面内，只需要第二微型热电极设置在输入输出波导的周围即可，图5中以第二微型热电极可以与输入输出波导处于同一个平面为例进行说明。输入输出波导包括：输入端口和输出端口，上下载波导包括：上载端口和下载端口，即上下载滤波器的四个端口可由输入输出波导和上下载波导的端口来实现。如图5所示，输入输出波导的形状还可以包括两个弧形段的波导，这两个弧形段的波导分别和环形波导形成有第一耦合位置，
其中，上下载滤波器的谐振波长调整可以包括如下过程：首先第二微型热电极将可调 耦合器的耦合系数调整为0，当可调耦合器的耦合系数调整为0时，输入输出波导通过输出端口输出第三光信号。此时可以断开输入输出波导与环形波导的关联，从输入端口输入的所有波长的光信号都将直接从输出端口输出。接下来可以控制第一微型热电极调整第自身的电流或者电压，将上下载滤波器的谐振波长配置到目标工作波长，最后再控制第二微型热电极将可调耦合器的耦合系数恢复至目标值。可调耦合器有两个状态，定义为“开”和“关”。“关”状态对应的耦合系数为0，“开”状态对应的耦合系数为不为零的一个目标值，工作原理上该值应等于最后一个环形波导与上下载波导之间的耦合系数。
在本申请的一些实施例中，输入输出波导和环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成第一耦合器，包括：
输入输出波导和环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成定向耦合器，或多模干涉耦合器。
其中，如图4所示，输入输出波导可以为直波导，该输入输出波导和环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成定向耦合器，或多模干涉耦合器。输入输出波导的周围不设置微型热电极，第一微型热电极设置在环形波导的周围，因此输入输出波导和环形波导之间的耦合系数是固定的，不需要调整。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图6所示，上下载滤波器的输入端口和上载端口分别输入光信号，该上下载滤波器中上调制臂波导的周围设置微型热电极，通过调整微型热电极的电流或电压，从而调整上下载滤波器的工作波长。
如图7所示，上下载滤波器的输入端口和上载端口分别输出光信号，该上下载滤波器中光栅的周围设置微型热电极，通过调整微型热电极的电流或电压，从而调整上下载滤波器的工作波长。
在本申请的一些实施例中，环形波导，包括：相互耦合的N个级联环形波导，N为大于或等于2的正整数；
第一微型热电极，包括：分别设置在N个级联环形波导周围的N个微型热电极；
N个微型热电极，用于通过异步调节相应微型热电极的电流或者电压，将上下载滤波器的谐振波长配置到目标工作波长。
其中，上下载滤波器中的环形波导由相互耦合的N个级联环形波导构成时，在N个级联环形波导周围设置N个微型热电极，即一个级联环形波导的周围设置一个微型热电极，从而通过调整一个微型热电极就可以控制该微型热电极对应的级联环形波导。因此通过将N个微环(微环数量N大于等于2)的异步调谐，就可以实现上下载滤波器的波长的无阻塞切换。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一光信号和导频信号由同一个光信号发生器产生。即可以使用一个光信号发生器就可以产生第一光信号和导频信号，从而利用原有产生业务光信号的光信号发生器，而不需要单独设置导频信号发生器。
在本申请的一些实施例中，导频信号上加载有比特信息。也就是说，导频信号不仅用于与第一光信号的调制，该导频信号还可以用于二次调制，导频信号上加载有比特信息，该比特信息可用于实现对经过上下载滤波器的业务信号的监控，因此通过导频信号上加载有比特信息，可以减少控制信令的开销，提高对导频信号的利用率。
通过前述实施例对本申请的举例说明可知，上下载滤波器中包括有输入端口、输出端 口、上载端口和下载端口。其中，上载端口和调制器相连接，调制器中分别输入有第一光信号和导频信号，调制器，用于将导频信号加载到第一光信号上得到第二光信号，将第二光信号传输到上载端口上，因此该上载端口可输入有第二光信号，输入端口输入有第三光信号，第二光信号与第三光信号的波长相差自由光谱范围的整数倍。并且本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器中输出端口和/或下载端口连接有功率探测器，该功率探测器用于从输出端口或下载端口获取到输出光信号，以及探测输出光信号的光功率。由于本申请实施例中上下载滤波器的上载端口上输入有第二光信号，该第二光信号通过在第一光信号上加载有导频信号得到，从而可以在下载端口或者输出端口将来自上载端口的第一光信号分离出来，这样就可以不受输入端口输入的第三光信号的影响，将测得的光功率锁定在输出端口或者下载端口，从而上下载滤波器的波长能够被实时锁定在入射波长处，实现对上下载滤波器的闭环控制。
为便于更好的理解和实施本申请实施例的上述方案，下面举例相应的应用场景来进行具体说明。
在申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器中，在输入端口和上载端口同时有相同波长的信号输入时，在输出端口或者下载端口来自输入端口和上载端口的信号相互叠加。当这两个输入信号的功率相同时在两个输出端口正好互补，在输出端口或者下载端口的功率不随微环谐振波长的变化而变化。因此，无法以下载端口或者输出端口的总光功率作为反馈量对微环的谐振波长进行闭环控制。
本申请实施例中通过在上载端口的输入信号中引入导频信号，从而可以在下载端口或者输出端口将来自上载端口的信号分离出来，这样就可以不受输入端口信号的影响，将测得的光功率锁定在输出端口时达到最大值，或者将测得的光信号锁定在下载端口时达到最小值，从而上下载滤波器的波长能够被实时锁定在入射波长处。
如图9所示，本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器包括：输入输出波导、相互耦合的级联环形波导、上下载波导、与上载端口连接的调制器、位于下载端口/输出端口的光功率探测器。其中，位于输入输出波导与环形波导之间形成可调耦合器。图9中以环形波导具体为3个级联环形波导为例，每个级联环形波导的周围设置一个微型加热电极，分别为：微型加热电极R1、R2、R3，输入输出波导的周围设置有微型加热电极R0。
本申请实施例中可以利用上载端口的业务信号加导频信号实现对上下载滤波器的频谱整形和波长控制。举例说明，频谱的整形利用下载端口或输出端口的信号作为反馈量，通过三个独立微型加热电极的控制搜寻最大值或最小值实现滤波器频谱的整形。
其中，工作波长的无阻塞(Hitless)切换分为四个步骤：
步骤10.将输入输出波导与微环的耦合系数调到0(初始值为k0，0<k0<1)，此时，断开输入输出波导与微环滤波器的关联，从输入端口输入的所有波长的光信号都将直接从Output输出；
步骤11.将上下载滤波器的谐振波长开环配置到预设工作波长附近。例如可以通过查询波长切换表，调整谐振波长。
步骤12.将输入、输出波导与微环的耦合系数恢复，例如耦合系数为k0，0<k0<1；
步骤13.在下载端口、输出端口利用光功率探测器测试光信号的功率，从获得的电信 号中对导频信号进行解调分离出上载光信号的光功率，利用最大值、最小值算法对微环的工作波长进行实时的精确控制。
其中，初始状态是上下载滤波器正常工作在当前波长。
接下来举例说明如下：将输入输出波导与第一个环形波导断开。其中，不是物理上的断开，是光学上的断开。将微型加热电极R1，微型加热电极R2，微型加热电极R3的电压配置到目标波长对应的电压处。将微型加热电极的电压恢复，接着进行精确锁波。
控制步骤如前所述，上述位于上载端口的调制器用于将导频信号加载到上载端口的光信号。
如图10所示，本申请实施例涉及的上下载微环谐振器包括：输入输出波导、相互耦合的级联环形波导、上下载波导、与上载端口连接的调制器、位于下载端口(或输出端口)的功率探测器。该结构允许最大值(功率探测器位于输出端口)和最小值(功率探测器位于下载端口)两种波长锁定方案。以最大值锁定为例，接下来描述波长Hitless切换过程。
步骤20、在上载端口输入携带导频导频信号的业务；
步骤21、在输出端口进行光功率的探测和导频信号的解调，以测量来自上载端口的光信号的功率；
步骤22、以上述来自上载端口的光功率作为反馈量，通过坐标转换等算法实时配置微环的微型热电极的驱动电压或者电流，将其谐振波长锁定在当前工作波长；
步骤23、上载端口输入另一个波长的信号；
步骤24、将三个微型热电极的电压异步配置到新的目标工作波长，然后再重复上述的锁定过程。
在本申请的实施例中，对于上下载滤波器中，在输入输出波导与第一个环形波导的耦合位置是一个固定耦合系数的定向耦合器，不是耦合系数可调的调耦合器。前述实施例中的Hitless波长切换是通过可调耦合器将输入输出波导与第一个环形波导的耦合系数调到0后，将微环部分的谐振波长整体调谐，之后再将可调耦合器恢复来实现。本实施例中通过将N个微环异步调谐实现Hitless波长切换，其中，微环数量N大于等于2。
前述两个实施例中，导频信号是通过上载端口的调制器加载到业务信号上的，导频信号也可以在上下载滤波器的其它节点加入，如业务信号产生的单板。导频信号的使用不限于环的阶数，也不限于是否有可调耦合器，也不限于导频信号是否用独立的调制器产生。例如，当微环的阶数从3增加到4，对于图9所示的实施例控制流程不变，但是闭环控制环路中的控制量增加了一个微型热电极的电压；对于图10所示的实施例，在Hitless切换工作波长时，第一个微型热电极环与其他几个微型热电极仍然要是异步调到目标波长，只是控制量增加了一个微型热电极的电压。
在本申请的一些实施例中，还提供基于上下载滤波器的光分插复用器。在光分插复用器中可以包括多个上下载滤波器级联的情况，不同的上下载滤波器可以使用不同频率的导频信号，从而避免相互干扰。对于需要闭环控制的上下载滤波器，本申请实施例提供的闭环控制的上下载滤波器并没有影响到其级联特性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，在上载端口的第一光信号中引入了导频信号，不仅可以用于第一光信号的功率测试，而且可以对导频信号进行二次调制，加载比特信息，用于网管 信号的传递。
本申请实施例解决了上下载滤波器在输入端口和上载端口同时有输入时工作波长的控制问题，当光信号是密集波分复用(Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing，DWDM)信号时，利用上路光信号同时锁定两个互补的对称通道。其中，上下载滤波器的Hitless切换是指当某个上下载滤波器的工作波长从当前波长(Wavelength_existing)切换到目标波长(Wavelength_target)的过程中，从该上下分载滤波器的输入端口输入的其他波长可以不影响从其输出端口输出。另外需要说明的是，波长锁定过程需要时间，但锁定的目的是为了将上下载滤波器的工作波长精确控制在目标波长处。开环控制完微型热电极之后，将微型热电极的电压或电流调到目标波长对应的数值，上下载滤波器的滤波谱线已经不会影响其他波长。
本申请实施例提供的上下在滤波器，利用上载的光信号进行上下载滤波器的工作波长锁定，其中在上载的光信号中引入一个导频信号，从而可以在探测点获得上载光信号的光功率，而不会被下载光信号所影响。本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器支持Hitless波长切换。输入端口信号不需要加载导频信号，或即便已含导频信号也可直接丢弃不用，不影响分插滤波器的级联使用。利用导频信号来区分上下载滤波器中的光信号，以实现对上下载滤波器工作波长的闭环控制，允许Hitless波长切换，不影响器件级联。
如图11所示，本申请实施例还提供一种光分插复用器1000，光分插复用器1000包括：如前述实施例提供的上下载滤波器100、调制器200、功率探测器300和控制器400，其中，
控制器400，分别和调制器200、上下载滤波器100、功率探测器300相连接；
调制器200和上下载滤波器100的上载端口相连接；
功率探测器300和上下载滤波器100的输出端口和/或下载端口连接；
控制器400，用于通过调制器200将导频信号加载到第一光信号上得到第二光信号，将第二光信号传输到上下载滤波器的上载端口上；
功率探测器300，用于从上下载滤波器的输出端口或下载端口获取到输出光信号，以及探测输出光信号的光功率。
其中，光分插复用器1000具体可以为可调光分插复用器(Tunable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer，T-OADM)。对于上下载滤波器100、调制器200、功率探测器300的说明，可以参阅前述实施例中的描述。本申请实施例提供的控制器400，用于通过调制器200将导频信号加载到第一光信号上得到第二光信号，将第二光信号传输到上下载滤波器的上载端口上。
在本申请的一些实施例中，控制器400，还用于在预置的频点上解调出与频点对应的光信号的光功率。其中，控制器400还可以用于解调光信号，从而得到预置的频点的光功率，从而可以进行光功率分析。
在本申请的一些实施例中，光分插复用器，包括：M个级联的上下载滤波器。其中，M的个数取决于应用场景，例如M为大于或等于1的正整数。
在本申请的一些实施例中，上下载滤波器，还包括：微型热电极，其中，
控制器，还用于调整微型热电极的电流或者电压；
上下载滤波器，还用于按照微型热电极调整后的电流或者电压，将谐振波长配置到目 标工作波长。
其中，上下载滤波器还包括：微型热电极，如图4、图5、图6、图7、图9和图10所示，微型热电极可以设置在上下载滤波器内的波导周围。此时上下载滤波器和控制器相连接，控制可以调整微型热电极的电流或者电压，从而上下载滤波器可以按照微型热电极调整后的电流或者电压，将谐振波长配置到目标工作波长，实现上下载滤波器的波长切换。
通过前述实施例对本申请的举例说明可知，在光分插复用器中包括有上下载滤波器，该上下载滤波器中包括有输入端口、输出端口、上载端口和下载端口。其中，上载端口和调制器相连接，调制器中分别输入有第一光信号和导频信号，调制器，用于将导频信号加载到第一光信号上得到第二光信号，将第二光信号传输到上载端口上，因此该上载端口可输入有第二光信号，输入端口输入有第三光信号，第二光信号与第三光信号的波长相差自由光谱范围的整数倍。并且本申请实施例提供的上下载滤波器中输出端口和/或下载端口连接有功率探测器，该功率探测器用于从输出端口或下载端口获取到输出光信号，以及探测输出光信号的光功率。由于本申请实施例中上下载滤波器的上载端口上输入有第二光信号，该第二光信号通过在第一光信号上加载有导频信号得到，从而可以在下载端口或者输出端口将来自上载端口的第一光信号分离出来，这样就可以不受输入端口输入的第三光信号的影响，将测得的光功率锁定在输出端口或者下载端口，从而上下载滤波器的波长能够被实时锁定在入射波长处，实现对上下载滤波器的闭环控制。
另外需说明的是，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。另外，本申请提供的装置实施例附图中，模块之间的连接关系表示它们之间具有通信连接，具体可以实现为一条或多条通信线或信号线。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种上下载滤波器，其特征在于，所述上下载滤波器包括：输入端口、输出端口、上载端口和下载端口；
    所述上载端口和调制器相连接，所述调制器中分别输入有第一光信号和导频信号，所述调制器，用于将所述导频信号加载到所述第一光信号上得到第二光信号，将所述第二光信号传输到所述上载端口上；
    所述上载端口输入有所述第二光信号，所述输入端口输入有第三光信号，所述第二光信号与所述第三光信号的波长相差自由光谱范围的整数倍；
    所述输出端口和/或所述下载端口连接有功率探测器，所述功率探测器，用于从所述输出端口或所述下载端口获取到输出光信号，以及探测所述输出光信号的光功率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的上下载滤波器，其特征在于，所述上下载滤波器，还包括：输入输出波导、环形波导、上下载波导、第一微型热电极，其中，
    所述第一微型热电极设置在所述环形波导的周围；
    所述输入输出波导包括：所述输入端口和所述输出端口；
    所述输入输出波导和所述环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成第一耦合器；
    所述环形波导和所述上下载波导在第二耦合位置上形成第二耦合器；
    所述上下载波导包括：所述上载端口和所述下载端口。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的上下载滤波器，其特征在于，所述上下载滤波器，还包括：分光器；
    所述输入输出波导通过所述分光器和所述功率探测器相连接；或，
    所述上下载波导通过所述分光器和所述功率探测器相连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的上下载滤波器，其特征在于，所述输入输出波导和所述环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成第一耦合器，包括：
    所述输入输出波导和所述环形波导在所述第一耦合位置上形成可调耦合器。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的上下载滤波器，其特征在于，所述上下载滤波器，还包括：第二微型热电极，所述第二微型热电极设置在所述输入输出波导的周围；
    所述第二微型热电极，用于将所述可调耦合器的耦合系数调整为0；
    所述输入输出波导，还用于当所述可调耦合器的耦合系数调整为0时，通过所述输出端口输出所述第三光信号；
    所述第一微型热电极，用于通过调整所述第一微型热电极的电流或者电压，将所述上下载滤波器的谐振波长配置到目标工作波长；
    所述第二微型热电极，用于将所述可调耦合器的耦合系数恢复至目标值。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的上下载滤波器，其特征在于，所述输入输出波导和所述环形波导在第一耦合位置上形成第一耦合器，包括：
    所述输入输出波导和所述环形波导在所述第一耦合位置上形成定向耦合器，或多模干涉耦合器。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的上下载滤波器，其特征在于，所述环形波导，包括：相互耦合的N个级联环形波导，所述N为大于或等于2的正整数；
    所述第一微型热电极，包括：分别设置在所述N个级联环形波导周围的N个微型热电极；
    所述N个微型热电极，用于通过异步调节相应微型热电极的电流或者电压，将所述上下载滤波器的谐振波长配置到目标工作波长。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的上下载滤波器，其特征在于，所述第一光信号和所述导频信号由同一个光信号发生器产生。
  9. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的上下载滤波器，其特征在于，所述导频信号上加载有比特信息。
  10. 一种光分插复用器，其特征在于，所述光分插复用器包括：如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的上下载滤波器、调制器、功率探测器和控制器，其中，
    所述控制器，分别和所述调制器、所述上下载滤波器、所述功率探测器相连接；
    所述调制器和所述上下载滤波器的上载端口相连接；
    所述功率探测器和所述上下载滤波器的输出端口和/或所述下载端口连接；
    所述控制器，用于通过所述调制器将导频信号加载到第一光信号上得到第二光信号，将所述第二光信号传输到所述上下载滤波器的上载端口上；
    所述功率探测器，用于从所述上下载滤波器的输出端口或下载端口获取到输出光信号，以及探测所述输出光信号的光功率。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的光分插复用器，其特征在于，所述控制器，还用于在预置的频点上解调出与所述频点对应的光信号的光功率。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的光分插复用器，其特征在于，所述光分插复用器，包括：M个级联的所述上下载滤波器，所述M为大于或等于1的正整数。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的光分插复用器，其特征在于，所述上下载滤波器，还包括：微型热电极，其中，
    所述控制器，还用于调整所述微型热电极的电流或者电压；
    所述上下载滤波器，还用于按照所述微型热电极调整后的电流或者电压，将谐振波长配置到目标工作波长。
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