WO2019088086A1

WO2019088086A1 - Dryer and drying system

Info

Publication number: WO2019088086A1
Application number: PCT/JP2018/040294
Authority: WO
Inventors: 黒田　忠宏; 隆一竹内; 貴聖佐久間; 隼之石田; 博之正田
Original assignee: 株式会社クボタ; 金子農機株式会社
Priority date: 2017-11-01
Filing date: 2018-10-30
Publication date: 2019-05-09
Also published as: CN111670330B; PH12020550498A1; CN111670330A; CN114018003B; CN114018003A

Abstract

A dryer (1) is provided with: a storage section (3) for storing grain; a drying section (4) provided below the storage section and drying the grain by hot air flow; a discharge duct (31) for discharging to the outside, hot air flow having passed through the drying section; a circulation duct (33) for returning to above the drying section a part of the hot air flow discharged from the discharge duct. As a result, the hot air flow (discharge air flow) discharged to the outside from the discharge duct can be reused for drying the grain, and uneven drying of the grain can be prevented.

Description

Dryer and drying system

The present invention relates to a dryer and drying system for drying grain.

Conventionally, a dryer disclosed in Patent Literature 1 and a drying system (grain drying equipment) disclosed in Patent Literature 2 are known.
The dryer disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a storage unit for storing grains, a drying unit for drying grains with hot air, an exhaust fan for discharging the hot air having passed through the drying unit, and an exhaust fan. And a return duct for returning part of the exhaust air from the inside of the dryer into the dryer.

The drying system disclosed in Patent Document 2 includes a combustion furnace, a dryer that takes in hot air generated by the combustion furnace to dry the grain, and a control unit. The control unit controls the mixing damper for mixing the outside air with the hot air introduced into the dryer based on the measured temperature from the temperature sensor, and controls the rotary valve for supplying the raw material (combustion material) to the combustion furnace. Do.

JP, 2015-190721, A Re-issued patent WO2011 / 132481

According to the dryer of Patent Document 1, part of the exhaust air from the exhaust fan can be reused for drying of the grain by returning it to the dryer through the return duct. However, in this dryer, the return duct is configured to mix a part of the exhaust air with the air of the hot air chamber in the drying section. Therefore, the air conditions in the hot air chamber largely change depending on whether the exhaust air is returned or not, so that the temperature unevenness is large, and there is a possibility that the drying unevenness of the grain may occur.

Moreover, in the drying system as disclosed in Patent Document 2, generally, the control unit provided in the combustion furnace controls the opening degree of the mixing damper.
However, in the case of a small-scale drying system, a manual combustion furnace that manually supplies the combustion material may be used, and such a combustion furnace has a control unit that controls the opening degree of the mixing damper. I did not. Therefore, the opening degree of the mixing damper can not be controlled from the control unit provided in the combustion furnace, and it becomes difficult to appropriately manage the temperature of the hot air supplied from the combustion furnace to the dryer.

The present invention, in view of such prior art, a dryer capable of preventing uneven drying of grains while effectively reusing hot air (exhaust air) discharged from the discharge duct for drying the grains. It is provided.
Further, the present invention is to provide a drying system which can adjust the opening degree of the mixing damper from the dryer side and can appropriately perform temperature control of hot air supplied from the combustion furnace to the dryer. .

The drier according to one aspect of the present invention includes a storage unit for storing grain, a drying unit provided below the storage unit, and configured to dry the grain with hot air, and discharging the hot air having passed through the drying unit to the outside And a circulation duct for returning a part of the hot air discharged from the discharge duct to the upper side of the drying unit.
Moreover, the switch part which can switch between the 1st state which interrupts | blocks distribution | circulation of the hot air from the said discharge duct to the said circulation duct, and a 2nd state which permits is provided.

In addition, a first measurement device that measures the temperature of the hot air that has passed through the drying unit as a first temperature, a second measurement device that measures the temperature of the outside air as a second temperature, and the first temperature is higher than the second temperature. And a controller for switching the switching unit from the first state to the second state when the temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature.
The control device switches the switching unit from the first state to the second state when the humidity of the hot air having passed through the drying unit is less than a predetermined humidity.

Further, the outlet of the circulation duct is connected to a lower portion of the storage portion and an upper portion of the drying portion.
The exhaust duct is disposed at a lower part of the exhaust duct and sucks the hot air having passed through the drying unit, and an inlet of the circulation duct is connected to the exhaust duct above the exhaust duct.

In addition, the switching unit includes an air guide tube having an intake unit for taking in hot air, and an extraction unit for taking out the hot air taken in from the intake unit into the circulation duct, and the air guide tube is It is movable to a first position accommodated inside the circulation duct and in which the intake portion does not communicate with the discharge duct, and a second position in which the intake portion communicates with the discharge duct.
Further, the air guide tube does not protrude inside the discharge duct at the first position, but protrudes inside the discharge duct at the second position.

The control device further includes a drive device for moving the air guide tube to the first position and the second position, and the control device drives the drive device to bring the switching unit into the first state. The air guide tube is moved to the first position, and the air guide tube is moved to the second position when the switching unit is in the second state.
A drying system according to an aspect of the present invention includes a combustion furnace that generates hot air by burning a combustion material, a duct that guides the hot air generated by the combustion furnace, and a hot air that is guided by the duct. A dryer to be dried, a mixing damper for adjusting the amount of external air provided in the duct and mixed with the hot air introduced into the dryer, a temperature of the hot air passing through the mixing damper and before drying the grain And a control device provided in the dryer and adjusting the opening degree of the mixing damper based on the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device.

Moreover, the notification apparatus which alert | reports whether the said measurement temperature exists in the predetermined | prescribed range suitable for drying of the said grain in the form which can be recognized by visual or hearing is provided.
Further, the notification device performs notification to prompt temperature rise of the hot air generated by the combustion furnace when the measured temperature is higher than the predetermined range, and when the measured temperature is lower than the predetermined range, the combustion furnace Informs to prompt temperature decrease of the hot air generated by

Further, the notification device performs the notification by light.
Moreover, the drying system according to one aspect of the present invention comprises one combustion furnace that generates hot air by burning a combustion material, a duct for guiding the hot air generated by the combustion furnace, and the hot air guided by the duct. A plurality of dryers for taking in and drying grains, a plurality of mixing dampers provided in the duct and adjusting the amount of external air mixed with the hot air introduced into the dryers, passing through the mixing dampers and the grains And a controller for adjusting the opening degree of the mixing damper based on the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device and provided in the dryer. The duct has a plurality of branch parts for distributing and guiding hot air generated from the one combustion furnace to the plurality of dryers, and the plurality of mixing dampers The plurality of temperature measurement devices measure the temperature of the hot air that has passed through the plurality of mixing dampers, and the control device measures the temperature using the plurality of temperature measurement devices. The opening degrees of the plurality of mixing dampers are individually adjusted based on the temperature.

Further, the notification device performs the notification by light.
The drying apparatus further comprises a plurality of moisture measuring devices for measuring the moisture content of the grain dried by the dryer, the plurality of moisture measuring devices being attached to each of the plurality of dryers, and the control device being The opening degree of the mixing damper corresponding to the drier to which the moisture measuring device is attached is adjusted based on the amount of moisture measured by the moisture measuring device.

The moisture measuring device is a near infrared moisture meter.

According to the above-described dryer, the hot air (exhaust air) discharged from the discharge duct is effectively used to dry the grain by returning a part of the hot air discharged from the discharge duct by the circulation duct above the drying unit. While being able to reuse, it can prevent the drying nonuniformity of the grain.
According to the above-mentioned drying system, since the control device provided in the dryer and adjusting the opening degree of the mixing damper based on the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device is provided, the opening degree of the mixing damper is adjusted from the dryer side The temperature control of the hot air supplied from the combustion furnace to the dryer can be appropriately performed.

It is a front view which shows schematic structure of a dryer. It is a side view showing a schematic structure of a drier. It is a top view which shows schematic structure of a dryer. It is a front view which shows schematic structure of a storage part, a drying part, and a grain collection part. It is side surface sectional drawing of the lower part of a longitudinal feeding part. It is a perspective view showing a part of exhaust duct and a circulation duct. It is a perspective view showing a part of exhaust duct and an air guide tube. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which has an air guide tube in a 1st position. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which has an air guide tube in a 2nd position. It is a block diagram which shows the control system containing the control apparatus (1st control apparatus) of a dryer. It is a front view which shows schematic structure of a drying system. It is a top view which shows schematic structure of a drying system. It is a block diagram which shows the control system containing the control apparatus (2nd control apparatus) of a drying system. It is a figure which shows an example of the opening degree of a mixing damper, and the relationship of alerting | reporting content. It is a figure which shows the other example of the relationship between the opening degree of a mixing damper, and alerting | reporting content.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
1 to 3 schematically show the overall configuration of the dryer 1. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of the dryer 1. FIG. 2 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of the dryer 1. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of the dryer 1. In the following description, the direction from the back to the front of the dryer 1 is referred to as "front", and the direction from the front to the back of the dryer 1 is referred to as "back". Further, the right side toward the front of the dryer 1 is referred to as “right side”, and the left side toward the front of the dryer 1 as “left side”.

First, the entire configuration of the dryer 1 will be described.
The dryer 1 is a dryer for drying grain. Examples of grains are rice bran (rice), wheat, rice bran, rice bran, oats, beans, corn and the like. The drier 1 includes a feeding unit 2, a storage unit 3, a drying unit 4, a grain collection unit 5, a vertical feed unit 6, a first horizontal feed unit 7, and a second horizontal feed unit 8.
The input unit 2 is configured of a hopper or the like. The input unit 2 has an input port 2A for inputting grains to be dried. The storage unit 3, the drying unit 4, and the grain collection unit 5 are provided in a drying tank 10 formed in a box shape. The storage unit 3 is a room for storing the grains to be dried, and is provided at the upper part in the drying tank 10. The drying unit 4 is a portion (apparatus) for drying the grain by hot air, and is provided below the storage unit 3 in the drying tank 10. The storage unit 3 and the drying unit 4 communicate with each other, and the grain stored in the storage unit 3 flows to the drying unit 4.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the drying unit 4 has a front wall 4A, a back wall 4B, a plurality of feed drums 4C, and a plurality of exhaust ducts 4D. The plurality of feed drums 4C and the plurality of exhaust ducts 4D are provided between the front wall 4A and the back wall 4B. Further, the plurality of feed drums 4C and the plurality of exhaust ducts 4D are alternately arranged from left to right. Between the feed drum 4C and the exhaust barrel 4D is a drying path 4E into which the grain of the storage section 3 flows. The feed drum 4C and the exhaust barrel 4D are formed by perforated plates and can be ventilated. Hot air is supplied to the feed drum 4C. The supplied hot air is discharged from the feed drum 4C to the drying path 4E. The hot air discharged to the drying path 4E is discharged from the air discharge cylinder 4D. By this, the grain in the drying path 4E is dried.

The grain collecting unit 5 is provided below the drying unit 4 in the drying tank 10. The drying unit 4 and the grain collecting unit 5 communicate with each other, and the grains in the drying unit 4 flow to the grain collecting unit 5. The grain collection unit 5 includes a grain collection member 11, a ridge 12, a plurality of guide members 13, and a plurality of delivery rolls 14. The grain collection member 11 has a front plate 11A continuous with the front wall 4A of the drying unit 4 and a back plate 11B continuous with the back wall 4B of the drying unit 4. The lower part of the grain collection member 11 is formed so as to be gradually narrowed as the distance between the front plate 11A and the back plate 11B goes downward.

As shown in FIG. 4, the collar 12 connects the bottom plate 12A, the front plate 12B connecting the front end of the bottom plate 12A and the lower end of the front plate 11A, and the rear end of the bottom plate 12A and the lower end of the back plate 11B. And a rear plate 12C. The ridge portion 12 is formed in an upper open state and is in communication with the inside of the grain collection member 11.
The plurality of guide members 13 are provided above the grain collection member 11 and below the drying unit 4. Further, the plurality of guide members 13 are provided side by side between the front plate 11A and the back plate 11B of the grain collection member 11. The plurality of guide members 13 guide the grains flowing down from the drying unit 4 to the upper surfaces of the front plate 11A and the back plate 11B of the grain collection member 11. The plurality of delivery rolls 14 are provided at the lower part of the guide member 13 and, by rotating, deliver the grain at the lower part of the guide member downward. The grains fed from the plurality of delivery rolls 14 are collected into the lower buttocks 12 of the grain collection unit 5.

A far-red radiator heated by a combustion device 30 described later is provided between the ridge 12 and the guide member 13 and between the front plate 11A and the back plate 11B at a lower portion of the grain collection unit 5 May be
The vertical feed unit 6 is a device for conveying the grain fed into the feeding unit 2 and the grain fed by the first horizontal feed unit 7 upward, and is provided on the side of the drying tank 10. The vertical feed unit 6 includes a box-shaped casing 16 which is long in the vertical direction, and a transport unit 17 provided inside the casing 16. The conveying portion 17 is provided on an upper sprocket 17A disposed in the upper part of the casing 16, a lower sprocket 17B disposed in the lower part of the casing 16, a belt 17C wound around the upper and

lower sprockets

17A and 17B, and a belt 17C. And the bucket 17D. The transport unit 17 has a front portion at the lower side and a rear portion at the upper side. The transport section 17 transports the grain in the lower part of the casing 16 with the bucket 17D to the upper part of the casing 16 by moving the belt 17C by rotating the upper sprocket 17A or the lower sprocket 17B by a drive motor or the like (not shown).

The casing 16 has a first wall 16A covering the front side of the transport unit 17, a second wall 16B covering the back side of the transport unit 17, and a third wall 16C covering the side of the transport unit 17 on the drying tank 10 side; It has the fourth wall 16D which covers the side opposite to the drying tank 10 side of the conveying part 17, the fifth wall 16E which covers the upper side of the conveying part 17, and the sixth wall 16F which covers the lower side of the conveying part 17. . A space is provided between the upper end of the first wall 16A and the fifth wall 16E.

The casing 16 has a discharge part 19 on the front side of the upper part of the carrying part 17. The discharge portion 19 is open at the rear and is in communication with the upper portion of the storage space of the transport portion 17. Therefore, the grain transported to the upper part of the casing 16 by the bucket 17D of the transport unit 17 is released to the discharge unit 19 when the bucket 17D is inverted.
The discharge part 19 has an upper wall 19A, an abutment wall 19B, a first side wall 19C, a second side wall 19D, and a guide wall 19E. The upper wall 19A extends forward from the fifth wall 16E. The abutment wall 19B extends downward from the front end of the upper wall 19A. The upper portion of the abutment wall 19B is inclined to move forward as it goes downward. The lower portion of the abutment wall 19B is formed along the vertical direction. The first side wall 19C extends forward from the top of the third wall 16C. The second side wall 19D extends forward from the top of the fourth wall 16D. The guide wall 19E extends in an inclined direction in which it moves downward as it goes forward from the upper end of the first wall 16A. A space is provided between the lower end of the guide wall 19E and the lower end of the abutment wall 19B, and the front lower end of the discharge portion 19 is a discharge port 19F which is open downward. . Therefore, the grain discharged from the transport unit 17 to the discharge unit 19 mainly falls on the abutment wall 19B and falls and is discharged from the discharge port 19F. In addition, part of the grain is discharged from the discharge port 19F directly or sliding on the guide wall 19E.

The first horizontal feed unit 7 is a device for laterally feeding the grain collected at the lower part of the grain collection unit 5 to the lower part of the vertical feed unit 6. The first transverse feed section 7 has a screw (referred to as a first screw) 20 capable of transversely feeding the grain, and a flow passage 21 for flowing the grain laterally fed by the first screw 20 to the longitudinal feed section 6. The left portion of the first screw 20 is disposed within the collar 12 and provided along the collar 12. The right portion of the first screw 20 protrudes from the collar 12 and is provided to the front side of the lower portion of the vertical feed portion 6.

The flow passage 21 connects the lower portion of the drying tank 10 and the casing 16. Specifically, the flow passage 21 is a passage connecting the flange portion 12 and the lower portion of the first wall 16A of the casing 16. The flow passage 21 accommodates a portion of the first screw 20 that protrudes from the collar 12. The first screw 20 can feed the grain in the weir 12 toward the flow passage 21 by being rotated by a driving force such as a drive motor.

The flow passage 21 includes a chute portion 22 in communication with the lower portion of the casing 16 and a communication portion 23 in communication (connection) with the collar portion 12 and the chute portion 22. Therefore, the grain fed by the first screw 20 reaches the chute portion 22 through the communication portion 23 and is supplied from the chute portion 22 to the lower portion of the casing 16. Further, the input unit 2 is connected to the chute unit 22, and the grain input to the input unit 2 is supplied from the chute unit 22 to the lower part of the casing 16.

As shown in FIG. 5, the chute portion 22 has an upper wall 22A, a vertical wall 22B, and a bottom wall 22C. Further, the left side surface of the chute portion 22 is closed by the left side wall 22D. The right side surface of the chute portion 22 is closed by the right side wall 22E (see FIG. 2). The rear portion of the chute portion 22 is open to the rear. The rear open portion is a discharge opening 22F for discharging the grain. At the lower part of the first wall 16A of the casing 16, a receiving port 24 for receiving the grain is formed. The receiving port 24 is in communication with the discharge opening 22F. The upper wall 22A protrudes forward from the upper edge of the inlet 24. The vertical wall 22B extends downward from the front end of the upper wall 22A. The bottom wall 22C has an extension 22Ca extending rearward from the lower end of the vertical wall 22B and a slope 22Cb extending from the rear end of the extension 22Ca to the lower edge of the inlet 24. The inclined portion 22Cb is inclined to move downward as the first wall 16A is approached. That is, the flow passage 21 has the inclined surface 22 </ b> G moving downward as the casing 16 is approached. The end of the inclined surface 22G is connected to the lower edge of the inlet 24. The width of the inclined surface 22G is set to be substantially the same as the width of the lower portion of the casing 16. Therefore, when the grain flowing in the flow passage 21 reaches the inclined surface 22G, the grain falls on the lower surface of the casing 16 while sliding on the inclined surface 22G. Therefore, on the inclined surface 22G, the grain tends to spread uniformly, and the thickness of the grain layer at the time of transportation of the grain is a portion that tends to be thin on the inclined surface 22G.

As shown to FIG. 1, FIG. 5, the communication part 23 is formed in the cylinder shape which covers the upper direction of the 1st screw 20, the downward direction, the front, and the back. The communication portion 23 is left open and right open. The left end of the communication portion 23 is in communication with the collar 12. The right end of the communication portion 23 communicates with the inside of the chute portion 22 via an opening portion 26 formed in the left side wall 22D of the chute portion 22.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the second horizontal feed unit 8 is a device for transporting the grain discharged at the upper portion of the vertical feed unit 6 to the upper portion of the storage unit 3. The second horizontal feed section 8 has a screw (referred to as a second screw) 27 and a screw case 28 accommodating the second screw 27. The screw case 28 is provided from the discharge part 19 of the vertical feed part 6 to the middle part of the storage part 3. The right side of the screw case 28 is connected to and in communication with the discharge port 19F of the vertical feed section 6, and the grain discharged from the discharge port 19F is supplied into the screw case 28. The grain supplied to the screw case 28 is transported to the reservoir 3 by the second screw 27. The grain transported to the storage section 3 by the second screw 27 is stored in the storage section 3 from the first opening 36 formed in the middle of the bottom section 28A of the screw case 28 and the second opening 37 formed at the left end of the screw case 28. Discharged into

Grains circulate from the storage unit 3 to the storage unit 3 through the drying unit 4, the grain collection unit 5, the first horizontal feed unit 7, the vertical feed unit 6, and the second horizontal feed unit 8. This circulation is repeated until the water content of the grain reaches the target water content.
A first horizontal feed unit 7 for laterally feeding grains after drying, a vertical feed unit 6 for feeding the grains fed by the first horizontal feed unit 7 upward, and a grain for feeding to the upper portion of the vertical feed unit 6 A circulation unit is constituted by the second horizontal feed unit 8 which feeds the unit 3. The circulation unit is an apparatus for circulating the grain, and is an apparatus for sending the grain dried by the drying unit 4 to the storage unit 3 or sending the grain input to the input unit 2 to the storage unit 3.

In the present embodiment, a circulating drier performing drying while circulating grains is illustrated as the drier 1, but the circulation may be continuous or intermittent. That is, the drier 1 is a continuous circulation. It may be a dryer of the formula or an intermittent dryer. In addition, the dryer 1 may be a dryer that performs drying without circulating the grain, that is, a stationary dryer that performs drying in a state where the grain is left at a predetermined position. The same applies to the dryer 52 of the drying system 50 described later.

Furthermore, the dryer 1 includes a combustion device 30, an exhaust duct 31, an exhaust fan 32, and a circulation duct 33.
The combustion device 30 is a device that generates hot air by burning a fuel, and specifically, a burner or the like is used. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the combustion device 30 is disposed at the right front of the drying tank 10. The combustion device 30 generates hot air in a space (hereinafter referred to as a hot air chamber 5A) in front of the front plate 11A in the grain collection unit 5. A suction port (not shown) for suctioned air generated by the exhaust fan 32 is provided on the right side of the drying tank 10 (opposite to the exhaust fan 32 side) and in the vicinity of the combustion device 30. It should be noted that the hot air supplied from the combustion furnace installed separately from the dryer 1 may be supplied to the hot air chamber 5A of the dryer 1 instead of the configuration in which the dryer 1 is provided with the combustion apparatus 30.

The discharge duct 31 constitutes a passage for discharging the hot air having passed through the drying unit 5 to the outside. As shown in FIG. 1, the discharge duct 31 includes a main body 31A, a connection portion 31B, a relay portion 31C, and a discharge portion 31D. The main body portion 31A, the connection portion 31B, the relay portion 31C, and the discharge portion 31D are formed in a tubular shape and communicate with each other.
The exhaust fan 32 is disposed inside the main body 31A. The exhaust fan 32 forms a flow of air from the drying tank 10 to the discharge duct 31. The connection part 31B connects the main part 31A and the lower part of the drying tank 10. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, one end side of the connection portion 31B is disposed at the left rear of the drying tank 10. Specifically, one end side of the connection portion 31B is connected to a space behind the back plate 11B in the grain collection portion 5 (hereinafter referred to as an exhaust air chamber 5B). The other end side of the connection portion 31B is connected to the main portion 31A. Thus, the main body portion 31A, the connection portion 31B, and the exhaust air chamber 5B communicate with each other, and the hot air discharged from the exhaust air drum 4D through the drying portion 5 by the drive of the exhaust air machine 32 is discharged from the exhaust air chamber 5B. It is led to the main part 31A through the connection part 31B. Specifically, the hot air generated by the combustion device 30 is supplied from the hot air chamber 5A to the air supply barrel 4C by the suction action of the exhaust fan 32, passes through the drying passage 4E, and is discharged from the exhaust air barrel 4D. Through the connection portion 31B of the discharge duct 31 to the main body portion 31A.

A relay unit 31C is connected to an upper portion of the main body 31A. The lower end portion of the relay portion 31C is connected to the main body portion 31A, and the upper end portion is connected to one end side of the discharge portion 31D. The other end side of the discharge part 31D is open to the atmosphere. Thus, the hot air guided to the main body portion 31A is discharged to the atmosphere from the other end side of the discharge portion 31D through the relay portion 31C. As shown in FIGS. 1, 6, and 7, the relay portion 31C has a front wall 31Ca, a rear wall 31Cb, a right wall 31Cc, and a left wall 31Cd. The right wall 31Cc is provided on the drying tank 10 side, and has a connection port 31Ce to which the circulation duct 33 is connected.

The inlet of the circulation duct 33 is connected to the discharge duct 31 above the exhaust fan 32. Specifically, the inlet at one end side of the circulation duct 33 is connected to the connection port 31Ce provided in the right wall 31Cc of the relay portion 31C of the discharge duct 31. Thus, the inside of the discharge duct 31 and the inside of the circulation duct 33 communicate with each other.
The outlet of the circulation duct 33 is connected to the upper side of the drying unit 4 of the dryer 1. Thereby, the inside of circulation duct 33 and the upper part of drying part 4 in the inside of drier 1 are connected. Specifically, the outlet on the other end side of the circulation duct 33 is connected to the lower part of the storage section 3 and above the drying section 4 (above the feed drum 4C and the exhaust drum 4D). In addition, specifically, the upper side of the drying unit 4 means above the upper ends of at least the wind tunnel 4C and the exhaust drum 4D of the drying unit 4. Therefore, as long as the outlet of the circulation duct 33 is above the upper ends of the feed drum 4C and the exhaust barrel 4D, all or a part of the outlet is located below the upper ends of the front wall 4A and the back wall 4B. May be Of course, the entire outlet of the circulation duct 33 may be located above the upper ends of the front wall 4A and the back wall 4B.

The circulation duct 33 constitutes a passage for returning a part of the hot air discharged from the discharge duct 31 to the upper side of the drying unit 4. Here, the circulation duct 33 does not return part of the hot air (exhaust air) discharged from the discharge duct 31 directly to the inside of the hot air chamber 5A or the inside of the drying part 4, but returns it above the drying part 4. Is configured as. The exhaust duct 31 returns the hot air (exhaust air), for example, to the upper side of the drying unit 4 (the lower part of the storage unit 3). The upper part of the drying unit 4 is a region where many grains before drying are present, and the ratio of the air layer is smaller than that of the inside of the hot air chamber 5A or the inside of the drying unit 4. Therefore, when the hot air is returned above the drying unit 4 by the discharge duct 31, the change in the air condition (air flow) is small, and the returned hot air can be effectively used in the drying unit 4. On the other hand, when the hot air (exhaust air) is returned to the inside of the hot air chamber 5A or the drying unit 4, the hot air is returned to a region where the proportion of the air layer is larger than the proportion of the grains. The air condition (air flow) inside the hot air chamber 5A and the drying unit 4 largely changes by the return, and as a result, the temperature unevenness in the area of the air layer becomes large, and the drying unevenness of the grain occurs.

Incidentally, if the exhaust air is returned to the suction air suction port, the problem of temperature non-uniformity hardly occurs, but an adverse effect due to the lengthening of the circulation duct 33 occurs. Specifically, the length of the circulation duct 33 increases the size of the dryer 1 and the temperature decrease (heat loss) of the exhaust air flowing in the circulation duct 33 increases. On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, since the circulation duct 33 returns part of the hot air discharged from the discharge duct 31 above the drying unit 4, the length of the circulation duct 33 is as short as possible. While preventing the enlargement of the dryer 1 and the temperature decrease of the exhaust air flowing through the circulation duct 33, the temperature unevenness of the drying unit 4 can be reduced to prevent the drying unevenness of the grain.

As shown in FIG. 6, the circulation duct 33 has a lower portion 33A, an intermediate portion 33B, and an upper portion 33C. The lower portion 33A, the middle portion 33B, and the upper portion 33C are formed in a tubular shape and communicate with each other.
One end side of the lower portion 33A is connected to the right wall 31Cc of the relay portion 31C of the discharge duct 31, and constitutes an inlet of the circulation duct 33. The lower portion 33A inclines with respect to the right wall 31Cc of the relay portion 31C and extends obliquely upward to the right, and approaches the drying tank 10 as it extends upward. Hereinafter, the direction in which the lower portion 33A extends is referred to as the "inclination direction A". In FIG. 6, the inclination direction A is indicated by an arrow A.

The lower portion 33A includes a lower right plate 33Aa, an upper left plate 33Ab, a front plate 33Ac, and a rear plate 33Ad. The lower right plate 33Aa and the upper left plate 33Ab are disposed parallel to each other, and are inclined with respect to the right wall 31Cc of the relay portion 31C of the discharge duct 31. The front plate 33Ac connects the front end of the lower right plate 33Aa and the front end of the upper left plate 33Ab. The rear plate 33Ad connects the rear end of the lower right plate 33Aa and the rear end of the upper left plate 33Ab. The lower right plate 33Aa is provided with a slit 34. The slit 34 extends in the inclined direction along the lower right plate 33Aa. A guide plate 35 is attached above the slit 34 of the lower right plate 33Aa. A cylinder rod of a fluid pressure cylinder 41 described later is inserted into the guide plate 35.

The middle portion 33B extends upward from the other end side of the lower portion 33A. The middle portion 33B has a first middle portion 33B1 provided at the lower portion and a second middle portion 33B2 provided at the upper portion. The first intermediate portion 33B1 bends from the upper end of the lower portion 33A and extends upward. The second intermediate portion 33B2 extends further upward from the upper end of the first intermediate portion 33B1, and the width (depth length) in the front-rear direction gradually increases toward the upper side.

One end side of the upper portion 33C is connected to the upper end of the second middle portion 33B2. The other end side of the upper portion 33C constitutes an outlet of the circulation duct 33, and is connected to a lower portion of the storage portion 3 and an upper portion of the drying portion 4. The upper portion 33C is composed of a plurality of cylindrical portions. The plurality of cylindrical portions constituting the upper portion 33C extend upward from the upper end of the second middle portion 33B2 and then bend forward. In the case of the present embodiment, the upper portion 33C includes six cylindrical portions 331 to 336, but the number of cylindrical portions may be five or less, or seven or more. In addition, the upper portion 33C may be configured by one cylindrical portion. The plurality of cylindrical portions 331 to 336 are provided side by side at intervals in the front-rear direction, and are independently connected to the upper end of the second middle portion 33B2. The plurality of cylindrical portions 331 to 336 have the same cross-sectional area (passage area). Since the upper portion 33C has the plurality of cylindrical portions 331 to 336, the hot air can be introduced uniformly from the circulation duct 33 to the upper side of the drying portion 4.

The circulation duct 33 is connected above the drying unit 4 of the drying tank 10, but may have an extending portion 33D (see FIG. 1) extending from the connected portion into the inside of the drying tank 10. . The extending portion 33D extends from the left to the right above the drying unit 4 in the drying tank 10. The length of the extending portion 33D is not particularly limited, and may be a length extending to the vicinity of the right wall of the drying tank 10 or a length extending to the vicinity of the middle between the left wall and the right wall of the drying tank 10 It is also good. The extending portion 33D is provided with an opening for taking out the hot air to the inside of the drying tank 10 (above the drying unit 4).

In the case of the present embodiment, the circulation duct 33 is a hot air (exhaust air) in the arrangement direction (the direction from the left side to the right side) of the plurality of feed drums 4C and the plurality of exhaust drums 4D inside the drying tank 10. However, it may be configured to flow hot air (exhaust air) in a direction (for example, a direction orthogonal to the direction) crossing the arranging direction.
The drier 1 includes a switching unit 38 capable of switching between a first state for blocking the flow of hot air from the discharge duct 31 to the circulation duct 33 and a second state for permitting the flow.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, the switching unit 38 has an air guide tube 39 housed inside the circulation duct 33. However, the switching unit 38 is not limited to the one having the air guide tube 39, and may be an openable shutter, a damper, or the like provided at the inlet of the circulation duct 33.
The air guide tube 39 has an intake portion 39A for taking in the hot air, and a removal portion 39B for taking out the hot air taken from the intake portion 39A into the circulation duct 33. The air guide tube 39 is in the shape of a square tube, and is accommodated inside the lower portion 33A of the circulation duct 33. The air guide tube 39 extends obliquely upward to the right from one end side to the other end side.

The air guide tube 39 has a lower right wall 39C, an upper left wall 39D, a front wall 39E, a rear wall 39F, a partition wall 39G, and a base end wall 39H. The lower right wall 39C is disposed to face the lower right plate 33Aa of the lower portion 33A of the circulation duct 33. On the lower right wall 39C, a projecting member 40 which is protruded from the slit 34 and movable along the slit 34 is attached. The upper left wall 39D is disposed to face the upper left plate 33Ab of the lower portion 33A. The front wall 39E is disposed to face the front plate 33Ac of the lower portion 33A. The back wall 39F is disposed to face the back plate 33Ad of the lower portion 33A.

The partition wall 39G is provided at an interval in the front-rear direction between the front wall 39E and the rear wall 39F, and connects the upper left wall 39D and the lower right wall 39C. The partition wall 39G divides the internal space of the air guide tube 39 into a plurality of (three in the case of this embodiment) sections. Thereby, the hot air flowing inside the air guide tube 39 can be made uniform. In the case of the present embodiment, the number of partition walls 39G is two, but it may be one or three or more. Further, the air guide tube 39 may not have the partition wall 39G.

The base end wall 39H connects the upper left wall 39D, the front wall 39E, the rear wall 39F, and the partition wall 39G at the base end (one end) of the air guide tube 39. Thus, the base end of the air guide tube 39 is closed by the base end wall 39H. The base end wall 39H is provided in parallel with the right wall 31Cc of the relay portion 31C.
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the proximal end wall 39H is not connected to the lower right wall 39C. Thereby, an opening portion opened downward is formed between the lower end portion (end portion on the proximal end wall 39H side) 39Ca of the lower right wall 39C and the proximal end wall 39H, and the opening portion is formed. The insertion portion 39A is configured. The intake portion 39A takes in the hot air flowing through the discharge duct 31 into the air guide tube 39. The front end portion (the other end portion) of the air guide tube 39 is opened inside the circulation duct 33, and constitutes a takeout portion 39B. The takeout unit 39B takes out the hot air introduced from the intake unit 39A into the air guide tube 39 into the circulation duct 33. In the case of this embodiment, each of the intake portion 39A and the ejection portion 39B is divided into a plurality (three) in the front-rear direction by the partition wall 39G.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the air guide tube 39 is movable between a first position where the intake portion 39A does not communicate with the discharge duct 31 and a second position where the intake portion 39A communicates with the discharge duct 31. is there. FIG. 8 shows the air guide tube 39 in the first position. FIG. 9 shows the air guide tube 39 in the second position.
As shown in FIG. 8, when the air guide tube 39 is in the first position, it does not protrude into the inside of the discharge duct 31 (the inside of the relay portion 31C), and the intake portion 39A and the takeout portion 39B are inside the circulation duct 33. Located in At this time, since the passage (connection port 31Ce) of the hot air from the discharge duct 31 to the circulation duct 33 is blocked by the base end wall 39H of the air guide tube 39, the flow of the hot air from the discharge duct 31 to the circulation duct 33 is blocked Be done. That is, the switching unit 38 is in the first state. In this state, the entire amount of hot air flowing in the discharge duct 31 (indicated by a white arrow in FIG. 8) is discharged to the outside through the discharge portion 31D of the discharge duct 31.

As shown in FIG. 9, when the air guide tube 39 is in the second position, it projects into the inside of the discharge duct 31 (the inside of the relay portion 31C), and the intake portion 39A is positioned inside the discharge duct 31 and is removed. The portion 39 B is located inside the circulation duct 33. As a result, the hot air (exhaust air) flowing in the discharge duct 31 is taken into the air guide tube 39 from the intake portion 39A and taken out from the circulation duct 33 from the takeout portion 39B. Therefore, the circulation of the hot air from the discharge duct 31 to the circulation duct 33 is permitted. That is, the switching unit 38 is in the second state.

As shown in FIG. 9, when the air guide tube 39 is in the second position, the base end of the air guide tube 39 protrudes from the right wall 31Cc of the relay portion 31C but does not abut on the left wall 31Cd. Thereby, space S1 which permits circulation of hot air is formed between base end wall 39H of air guide tube 39, and left wall 31Cd of relay part 31C. Therefore, all the hot air flowing in the discharge duct 31 is not guided to the air guide cylinder 39, and only a part of the hot air flowing in the discharge duct 31 (indicated by arrow Y1 in FIG. 9) is guided to the air guide cylinder 39. It is eaten. The remaining hot air (indicated by arrow Y2 in FIG. 9) which has not been guided to the air guide tube 39 is discharged to the outside through the discharge portion 31D of the discharge duct 31.

When the air guide tube 39 is in the second position (when the switching unit 38 is in the second state), the ratio between the amount of hot air guided to the circulation duct 33 and the amount of hot air not guided to the circulation duct 33 is It is not particularly limited, and can be set as appropriate. However, it is preferable that the amount of hot air guided into the circulation duct 33 is smaller than the amount of hot air not guided into the circulation duct 33.
The air guide tube 39 can be moved to the first position and the second position by the drive device 41. In the case of the present embodiment, the drive device 41 is a fluid pressure cylinder such as an air cylinder. However, the drive device 41 may be any device capable of moving the air guide tube 39 to the first position and the second position, and may be a mechanism using, for example, a motor or a gear. Hereinafter, the drive device 41 will be described as the fluid pressure cylinder 41.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the fluid pressure cylinder 41 has a cylinder tube 41A and a cylinder rod 41B. The cylinder tube 41A is fixed to the outer surface or the like of the circulation duct 33. The tip of the cylinder rod 41B is attached to a projecting member 40 attached to the lower right wall 39C of the air guide tube 39. A control valve (not shown) for controlling the supply of fluid to the cylinder tube is connected to the cylinder tube 41A. The control valve controls the flow of fluid (such as air) supplied to the fluid pressure cylinder 41 based on a control signal from the control device 44 described later to extend and retract the cylinder rod 41B.

When the cylinder rod 41B is extended in a state where the air guide tube 39 is in the first position (see FIG. 8), the projecting member 40 is pushed to move downward along the slit 34. With the movement of the projecting member 40, the air guide tube 39 moves to the second position (see FIG. 9). When the cylinder rod 41B is shortened with the air guide tube 39 in the second position (see FIG. 9), the projecting member 40 is pulled and moves upward along the slit 34. With the movement of the projecting member 40, the air guide tube 39 moves to the first position (see FIG. 8). Thus, by driving the driving device (fluid pressure cylinder) 41, the air guide tube 39 can be moved to the first position and the second position, and the switching unit 38 is set to the first state and the second state. Can be switched to

As shown in FIG. 10, the dryer 1 includes a first measurement device 42, a second measurement device 43, and a control device 44.
The first measuring device 42 is a temperature measuring device, and measures the temperature of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4 as a first temperature. The first measurement device 42 is provided, for example, in the exhaust air chamber 5B inside the drying tank 10, but the upstream side of the exhaust air 32 inside the exhaust duct 31 (for example, inside the connection portion 31B of the exhaust duct 31) Can also be provided.

The second measuring device 43 is a temperature measuring device, and measures the temperature of the outside air as a second temperature. The second measuring device 43 is provided outside the dryer 1. The second measuring device 43 may be attached to the dryer 1 or may be installed separately from the dryer 1.
The control device 44 (hereinafter, referred to as “first control device 44”) is configured of a computer including an arithmetic unit (CPU) and a storage unit (RAM, ROM, etc.). The first control device 44 includes a drive control unit 44a. The drive control unit 44a is realized by the operation unit executing a predetermined program stored in the storage unit. The first control device 44 is communicably connected to the first measurement device 42, the second measurement device 43, and the drive device 41 (control valve) by wire or wirelessly.

The drive control unit 44 a of the first control device 44 responds to the information based on the information on the first temperature transmitted from the first measurement device 42 and the information on the second temperature transmitted from the second measurement device 43. To the driving device 41. That is, the first control device 44 drives the drive device 41 based on the first temperature and the second temperature.
The first control device 44 drives the drive device 41 to move the air guide tube 39 to the first position when setting the switching unit 38 to the first state, and to set the switching unit 38 to the second state. The air guide tube 39 is moved to the second position.

Specifically, when the first temperature is higher than the second temperature by a predetermined temperature or more (hereinafter referred to as "first condition"), the first control device 44 sends the first control signal to the control valve of the fluid pressure cylinder 41. To extend the cylinder rod 41 B of the fluid pressure cylinder 41. Thus, the air guide tube 39 moves from the first position (see FIG. 8) to the second position (see FIG. 9), and the switching unit 38 is switched from the first state to the second state. Then, since circulation of the hot air from the exhaust duct 31 to the circulation duct 33 is permitted, a part of the hot air (exhaust air) discharged from the exhaust duct 31 is returned to the upper side of the drying unit 4 through the circulation duct 33.

In addition, the first control device 44 controls the fluid pressure cylinder 41 when the first temperature is lower than the second temperature or when the first temperature is higher than the second temperature but the temperature difference is less than a predetermined temperature. The second control signal is transmitted to shorten the cylinder rod 41B of the fluid pressure cylinder 41. As a result, the air guide tube 39 moves from the second position (see FIG. 9) to the first position (see FIG. 8), and the switching unit 38 is in the first state. Then, the flow of the hot air from the discharge duct 31 to the circulation duct 33 is blocked, so the hot air (discharge air) passing through the discharge duct 31 is discharged to the outside without being returned to the upper side of the drying unit 4.

As described above, the first control device 44 performs control based on the first temperature and the second temperature, so that high-temperature hot air containing a sufficient amount of heat for drying of the grain (hot air having a temperature higher than the ambient temperature by a predetermined temperature or more) Can be returned to the upper side of the drying unit 4. Thereby, the grain can be efficiently dried by the returned hot air. Therefore, the energy efficiency is improved, and the amount of fuel consumption in the combustion device 30 can be reduced.

Furthermore, the first control device 44 switches the switching unit 38 from the first state to the second state when the humidity of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4 is less than the predetermined humidity (hereinafter referred to as “second condition”). . Specifically, the first control device 44 transmits a first control signal to the control valve of the fluid pressure cylinder 41 when the humidity of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4 is less than the predetermined humidity, and the fluid pressure cylinder 41 And extend the cylinder rod 41B. As a result, the air guide tube 39 moves from the first position to the second position, and the switching unit 38 is switched from the first state to the second state.

The first control device 44 switches the switching unit 38 from the second state to the first state when the humidity of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4 is equal to or higher than the predetermined humidity. Specifically, the second control signal is transmitted to the control valve of the fluid pressure cylinder 41, and the cylinder rod 41B of the fluid pressure cylinder 41 is shortened. Thus, the air guide tube 39 moves from the second position to the first position, and the switching unit 38 is in the first state.

The humidity of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4 may be measured by providing a humidity measuring device or may be calculated. When a humidity measuring device is provided, for example, it is provided in the exhaust air chamber 5B inside the drying tank 10, or on the upstream side of the exhaust air 32 inside the exhaust duct 31 (for example, in the connection portion 31B of the exhaust duct 31). The humidity of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4 is measured by When obtaining by calculation, for example, the outside air humidity (second humidity) corresponding to the second temperature is set as a fixed value, and based on the set correspondence relationship between the outside air humidity (second humidity) and the second temperature, The humidity (first humidity) corresponding to the first temperature is calculated, and the calculated first humidity is taken as the humidity of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4. In addition, the method of calculating | requiring by calculation is not limited to this method, Another method may be used.

By performing the control based on the humidity described above by the first control device 44, it is possible to return low-humidity hot air suitable for drying of the grain above the drying unit 4. Thereby, the grain can be efficiently dried by the returned hot air. Therefore, the energy efficiency is improved, and the amount of fuel consumption in the combustion device 30 can be reduced.
In the present embodiment, the first controller 44 switches the switching unit only when both of the two conditions (the first condition and the second condition) for switching the switching unit 38 from the first state to the second state are satisfied. Control is performed to switch 38 from the first state to the second state. That is, when the first temperature is higher than the second temperature by a predetermined temperature or more and the humidity of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4 is less than the predetermined humidity, the first control device 44 is in the first state Control to switch from the second state to the second state.

By the first control device 44 performing such control based on temperature and humidity, it is possible to return high-temperature and low-humidity hot air suitable for drying of the grain above the drying unit 4. Thereby, the grain can be efficiently dried by the returned hot air. Therefore, the energy efficiency is improved, and the amount of fuel consumption in the combustion device 30 can be reduced.
When the switching unit 38 is in the first state, the air guide tube 39 is in the first position (see FIG. 8) which does not protrude into the discharge duct 31. Therefore, the flow of the hot air flowing through the discharge duct 31 is not blocked by the air guide tube 39. That is, the air flow resistance to the hot air (exhaust air) flowing through the exhaust duct 31 is small. As a result, the amount of hot air flowing into the discharge duct 31 increases, and the amount of hot air supplied to the drying unit 4 (hereinafter, referred to as “air flow amount”) increases. As a result, the drying speed is increased. On the other hand, since the wind velocity of the hot air is increased due to the reduction of the air flow resistance, the time required for the hot air to pass through the drying unit 4 becomes short, and the energy efficiency becomes low.

On the other hand, when the switching unit 38 is in the second state, the air guide tube 39 is in the second position (see FIG. 9) projecting inside the discharge duct 31. Therefore, the flow of the hot air flowing through the discharge duct 31 is blocked by the air guide tube 39. That is, the air flow resistance to the hot air (exhaust air) flowing through the exhaust duct 31 is large. As a result, the air flow rate is reduced and the drying speed is reduced. On the other hand, since the wind velocity of the hot air decreases due to the increase of the air flow resistance, the time required for the hot air to pass through the drying unit 4 becomes long, and the energy efficiency becomes high.

As described above, when the switching unit 38 is in the first state and in the second state, the air flow rate changes because the air flow resistance to the hot air (exhaust air) flowing through the discharge duct 31 is different. As a result, the wind speed and energy efficiency of the hot air also change. According to the control by the first control device 44 described above, it is possible to balance drying speed and energy efficiency in a well-balanced manner by utilizing these changes. Hereinafter, this effect will be described in more detail.

During the period from the start of drying by the dryer 1 (the start of hot air supply to the drying unit 4) to a predetermined time (hereinafter referred to as "first half of drying"), the amount of water contained in the grain is large. Therefore, although the humidity of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4 becomes high, the temperature (first temperature) of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4 becomes low due to the heat of vaporization. As a result, in the first half of drying, at least one (first condition) of the two conditions (first condition and second condition) described above is not satisfied, and the first control device 44 sets the switching unit 38 in the first state. Execute control. When the switching unit 38 is in the first state, the air blowing amount is increased and the drying speed is increased. On the other hand, although the time required for the hot air to pass through the drying unit 4 is shortened because the wind speed of the hot air is increased, the grain has a large amount of water and is easily dried. It dries efficiently and there is little loss of energy efficiency. That is, in the first half of the drying, the control by the first controller 44 increases the drying speed and reduces the decrease in energy efficiency.

After a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of drying by the dryer 1, the amount of water contained in the grain is small during the end of the drying (hereinafter referred to as "the second half of the drying"). Therefore, the humidity of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4 is lowered, but the temperature (first temperature) of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4 becomes high because the evaporation amount of the water from the grain is reduced. Thereby, in the second half of the drying, both of the above two conditions (the first condition and the second condition) are satisfied, and the first control device 44 controls the switching unit 38 to switch from the first state to the second state. Run. When the switching unit 38 is in the second state, the wind speed of the hot air decreases, so the time required for the hot air to pass through the drying unit 4 becomes long. Therefore, even grains which are in a state of low moisture content and which are difficult to dry can be dried, and energy efficiency is improved. The increase in the time required for the hot air to pass through the drying unit 4 acts to increase the amount of water contained in the hot air passing through the drying unit 4, but the humidity of the hot air having passed through the drying unit 4 is low Under the circumstances, the amount of water contained in the hot air passing through the drying unit 4 does not exceed the amount suitable for drying. Therefore, when the switching unit 38 is in the second state, the air blowing amount decreases, but the drying speed does not decrease due to the reduction of the air blowing amount. That is, in the second half of the drying, the energy efficiency is high and the drying speed is not reduced by the control of the first controller 44. Further, in the second half of the drying, the amount of energy required to generate the hot air of the desired temperature is reduced by the reduction of the blowing amount, so that the energy saving effect is produced.

Next, the drying system 50 will be described based on FIGS. 11 to 14.
11 and 12 schematically show the overall configuration of the drying system 50. As shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of the drying system 50. As shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of the drying system 50. As shown in FIG.
The drying system 50 includes a combustion furnace 51, a dryer 52, and a duct 53.

The combustion furnace 51 generates hot air by burning a combustion material (fuel). The combustion material is, for example, biomass such as rice bran, rice husk, wood chips, coal, etc., but is not limited thereto. The combustion furnace 51 is a manual combustion furnace that supplies the combustion material manually. The combustion furnace 51 is provided with a heat exchanger, and generates hot air by heat exchange with the air taken in from the outside, the heat generated by the combustion of the combustion material.

In the case of the present embodiment, the dryer 52 includes a plurality of dryers 521 to 525. In the case of this embodiment, since there are five dryers 52, the dryer system 50 will be described below as including five dryers 521 to 525, but one dryer 52 may be used, or two to It may be four or six or more. The configuration of the dryer 52 (521 to 525) is the same as the configuration of the dryer 1 described above, except for the points described below.

The dryer 52 in the drying system 50 of the present embodiment does not include the combustion device 30 in order to use the hot air generated by the combustion furnace 51 for drying the grain. In addition, the dryer 52 may or may not have the circulation duct 33 and the switching unit 38 described above. The vertical feed unit 6 and the second horizontal feed unit 8 respectively feed the grain input from the input unit 2 to the upper portions of the plurality of dryers 521 to 525. The vertical feed unit 6 and the second horizontal feed unit 8 may be provided individually for each of the plurality of dryers 521 to 525.

The duct 53 (hereinafter referred to as the “supply duct 53”) guides the hot air generated by the combustion furnace 51 to the dryer 52. The dryer 52 takes in the hot air guided by the supply duct 53 to dry the grain. The supply duct 53 has a main duct 53A and a branch duct (branch portion) 53B. The main duct 53A is connected to the combustion furnace 51, and takes in the hot air generated by the combustion furnace 51 and guides it toward the dryer 52. The branch duct 53B is branched into a plurality from the main duct 53A, and is connected to the plurality of dryers 521 to 525, respectively. That is, the supply duct 53 connects a plurality of dryers 521 to 525 to one combustion furnace 51. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the branch duct connected to the dryer 521 is branched duct 53B1, the branch duct connected to the dryer 522 branched duct 53B2, the branch duct connected to the dryer 523 branched duct 53B3, the dryer The branch duct connected to 524 is referred to as a branch duct 53B4, and the branch duct connected to the dryer 525 is referred to as a branch duct 53B5.

Outside air intake ducts 54 capable of taking in the outside air into the respective branch ducts are connected to middle portions of the branch ducts 53B1 to 53B5. That is, the outside air intake duct 54 includes a plurality of outside air intake ducts 541 to 545. Specifically, an outside air intake duct 541 is connected to a midway portion of the branch duct 53B1. An outside air intake duct 542 is connected to a midway portion of the branch duct 53B2. An outside air intake duct 543 is connected to a midway portion of the branch duct 53B3. An outside air intake duct 545 is connected to a midway portion of the branch duct 53B4. An outside air intake duct 545 is connected to a midway portion of the branch duct 53B5.

As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the drying system 50 notifies the air volume adjustment damper 55, the mixing damper 56, the temperature measuring device 57, and the control device 58 (hereinafter referred to as "second control device 58") A device 59 and a moisture measuring device 60 are provided.
The air flow adjustment damper 55 is provided to adjust the amount of hot air supplied from the combustion furnace 51 to the dryer 52. The air volume adjustment damper 55 includes a plurality of air volume adjustment dampers 551 to 555. The plurality of air volume adjustment dampers 551 to 555 are respectively disposed inside the plurality of branch ducts 53B1 to 53B5. The air volume adjustment damper 55 is disposed inside the branch duct 53B on the upstream side (the combustion furnace 51 side) of the connection portion of the outside air intake duct 54. By adjusting the opening degree of the air volume adjustment damper 55, it is possible to individually adjust the supply amount of hot air from the main duct 53A to each of the branch ducts 53B1 to 53B5.

The mixing damper 56 is provided to adjust the amount of the outside air mixed with the hot air introduced into the dryer 52. The mixing damper 56 includes a plurality of mixing dampers 561 to 565. The plurality of mixing dampers 561 to 565 are respectively disposed inside the plurality of outside air intake ducts 541 to 545. By adjusting the opening degree of the mixing dampers 561 to 565, the amount of the outside air to be mixed with the hot air flowing through each of the branch ducts 53B1 to 53B5 can be individually adjusted. The temperature of the hot air supplied to each dryer 521 to 525 can be individually adjusted by individually adjusting the amount of the outside air mixed with the hot air flowing through each of the branch ducts 53B1 to 53B5. When the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is increased, the amount of the outside air mixed with the hot air is increased, so the temperature of the hot air supplied to the dryer 52 is reduced. When the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is reduced, the amount of the outside air mixed with the hot air decreases, so the temperature of the hot air supplied to the dryer 52 rises.

The temperature measuring device 57 measures the temperature of the hot air passing through the mixing damper 56 and before drying the grain (hereinafter referred to as “hot air temperature before drying”). The temperature measuring device 57 is disposed inside the dryer 52. The temperature measurement device 57 is disposed, for example, above the drying unit 4 (the lower part of the storage unit 3 or the like), the hot air chamber 5A, etc. The temperature measuring device 57 includes a plurality of temperature measuring devices 571 to 575. The plurality of temperature measurement devices 571 to 575 are respectively disposed inside the plurality of dryers 521 to 525. The temperature measurement device 571 measures the temperature of the hot air before the dryer 521 is dried. The temperature measurement device 572 measures the temperature of the hot air before the dryer 522 is dried. The temperature measurement device 573 measures the temperature of the hot air before the dryer 523 dries. The temperature measurement device 574 measures the temperature of the hot air before the dryer 524 dries. The temperature measurement device 575 measures the temperature of the hot air before the dryer 525 dries.

The second controller 58 is provided in the dryer 52. The second control device 58 is configured of a computer including an arithmetic unit (CPU) and a storage unit (RAM, ROM, etc.). As shown in FIG. 13, the second control device 58 includes a first control unit 58a, a second control unit 58b, and a third control unit 58c. The first control unit 58a, the second control unit 58b, and the third control unit 58c are realized by the operation unit executing a predetermined program stored in the storage unit. The second control device 58 is communicably connected to the temperature measurement device 57, the air volume adjustment damper 55, the mixing damper 56, and the moisture measurement device 60 by wire or wirelessly. The second controller 58 may be configured of a computer common to the first controller 44 or may be configured of another computer.

Although the drying system 50 includes the first control device 44 and the second control device 58 when the dryer 52 includes the circulation duct 33 and the switching unit 38, the dryer 52 includes the circulation duct 33 and the switching unit 38. When not provided, only the second controller 58 is provided.
The first control unit 58 a of the second control device 58 adjusts the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 based on the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 57. Specifically, the first control unit 58a transmits a predetermined control signal corresponding to the information to the mixing damper 56 based on the information of the measured temperature transmitted from the temperature measurement device 57. Specifically, the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is increased when the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 57 rises, and the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is decreased when the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 57 decreases. Send control signal.

The second control device 58 may be provided for each of the plurality of dryers 521 to 525, or may be provided only for some (one or more) dryers. 11 and 12 show an example in which the plurality of second control devices 581 to 585 are provided in each of the plurality of dryers 521 to 525. When a plurality of second control devices 581 to 585 are provided, it is preferable to provide a server or the like that collectively stores and manages the received information in all the second control devices 581 to 585. When the second control device 58 is provided only in a part of the driers, the second control device 58 separately controls the air volume adjustment damper 55, the mixing damper 56, and the notification device 59 provided for each of the driers 521 to 525. It is controlled.

As described above, in the drying system 50, the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is adjusted by the second control device 58 provided in the dryer 52. That is, the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is adjusted not from the combustion furnace 51 side but from the dryer 52 side. Thereby, even when a combustion furnace (for example, a manual combustion furnace) having no control unit for controlling the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is used, the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is adjusted from the dryer 52 side Thus, temperature control of the hot air supplied from the combustion furnace 51 to the dryer 52 can be appropriately performed.

The second control unit 58 b of the second control device 58 adjusts the opening degree of the air volume adjustment damper 55. Specifically, for example, the second control unit 58b opens the air volume adjustment damper 55 when the drying process by the drying system 50 is started, and closes the air volume adjustment damper 55 when the drying process by the drying system 50 is completed. . In the drying system 50, the second control unit 58b may be configured to adjust the opening degree of the air volume adjustment damper 55 based on the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 57. In this case, the second control unit 58 b transmits a predetermined control signal corresponding to the information to each air flow adjustment damper 55 based on the information on the measured temperature transmitted from each temperature measurement device 57.

The notification device 59 reports whether the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 57 is within a predetermined range suitable for drying the grain (hereinafter referred to as “the appropriate temperature range”) in a form that can be recognized visually or audibly. The notification device 59 includes a plurality of notification devices 591 to 595. The plurality of notification devices 591 to 595 are attached to the outside of the plurality of dryers 521 to 525, respectively. The appropriate temperature range is preset according to the type of grain and the like, and stored in the storage unit of the second control device 58.

The notification device 59 may be, for example, a light-emitting device such as a rotary light for notifying by light, a display device such as a liquid crystal panel for notifying by display of characters or figures, or a sound-generating device such as a buzzer for notifying by sound. Be done. In addition, the notification device 59 may be a combination of a notification in a form that can be recognized visually and a notification in a form that can be recognized by hearing. 12 and 13 show an example using a light emitting device (rotary lamp) as the notification device 59.

The third control unit 58 c of the second control device 58 controls the notification device 59 based on the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 57. Specifically, the third control unit 58 c controls the notification device 591 based on the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 571, controls the notification device 592 based on the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 572, and measures by the temperature measurement device 573. The notification device 593 is controlled based on the temperature, the notification device 594 is controlled based on the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 574, and the notification device 595 is controlled based on the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 575.

When the second control device 58 is provided in only a part of the driers, the second control device 58 provided in the part of the driers is based on the measurement temperatures of all the temperature measurement devices 571 to 575. The notification devices 591 to 595 are individually controlled.
The second control device 58 receives the information of the measured temperature transmitted from the temperature measurement devices 571 to 575, and based on the received information, the arithmetic unit executes a program stored in the storage unit to perform predetermined control. Signals are sent to the notification devices 591 to 595 to control each notification device individually.

The notification device 59 notifies the worker based on the control signal transmitted from the second control device 58 as described below.
When the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 57 is higher than the appropriate temperature range, the notification device 59 performs notification (hereinafter, referred to as “first notification”) for prompting the temperature rise of the hot air generated by the combustion furnace 51. On the other hand, when the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 57 is lower than the appropriate temperature range, notification (hereinafter, referred to as “second notification”) that promotes a temperature decrease of hot air generated by the combustion furnace 51 is performed. In addition, as necessary, when the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 57 is in the appropriate temperature range, a notification (hereinafter referred to as “third notification”) indicating that the temperature of the hot air generated by the combustion furnace 51 is the appropriate temperature It can also be done.

For example, when the notification device 59 is a light emitting device, the first notification is performed in a first color (for example, red), and the second notification is performed in a second color (for example, blue) different from the first color. To do. In addition, the third notification is performed in a third color (for example, green) different from the first and second colors. Also, the type of notification may be distinguished by lighting and blinking instead of or in addition to distinguishing by the color of light.
When the notification device 59 is a display device, the first notification is given by the first display (for example, a display such as “exceeding of temperature”), and the second notification is the second display different from the first display ( For example, "insufficient temperature" or the like is displayed. In addition, the third notification is performed with a third display (for example, a display such as “temperature appropriate”) different from the first and second displays.

When the notification device 59 is a sound generation device, the first notification is performed by a first sound (for example, a high-pitched warning sound), and the second notification is a second sound different from the first sound (for example, low temperature Do with the warning sound of Also, when the measured temperature is in the appropriate temperature range, no sound is generated (the third notification is not performed).
As described above, the worker engaged in the drying operation of the grain using the drying system 50 by performing the notification (the first notification, the second notification, the third notification) by the notification device 59 is the temperature Whether the temperature measured by the measuring device 57 is in a suitable temperature range suitable for drying of the grain can be recognized visually or audibly.

When the operator receives the first notification from the notification device 59, the worker recognizes that the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 57 is higher than the appropriate temperature range, and the notification promotes the temperature rise of the hot air generated by the combustion furnace 51 by the notification. . Therefore, the worker reduces or stops the supply of the combustion material to the combustion furnace 51. As a result, the temperature of the hot air supplied from the combustion furnace 51 to the dryer 52 is lowered, so that the temperature of the hot air before drying can be lowered toward the appropriate temperature range.

When the operator receives the second notification from the notification device 59, the worker recognizes that the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 57 is lower than the appropriate temperature range, and the notification promotes the temperature decrease of the hot air generated by the combustion furnace 51 by the notification. . Therefore, the worker increases or starts (restarts) the supply of the combustion material to the combustion furnace 51. As a result, the temperature of the hot air supplied from the combustion furnace 51 to the dryer 52 rises, so that the temperature of the hot air before drying can be raised toward the appropriate temperature range.

When the worker receives the third notification from the notification device 59, the worker recognizes that the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 57 is in the appropriate temperature range. Therefore, the worker maintains the supply state of the combustion material to the combustion furnace 51 as the current state. As a result, the state where the temperature of the hot air supplied from the combustion furnace 51 to the dryer 52 is maintained is maintained, so that the temperature of the hot air before drying can be maintained in the appropriate temperature range.

As described above, the notification device 52 performs predetermined notification based on the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 57. Here, since the second control unit 58 adjusts the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 based on the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 57, the second control unit 58 is between the measurement temperature by the temperature measuring unit 57 and the opening degree of the mixing damper 56. There is a correlation. From this, when the notification device 59 performs the predetermined notification based on the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device 57, the notification device 59 can also perform the predetermined notification based on the opening degree of the mixing damper 56. Therefore, the relationship between the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 and the notification content by the notification device 59 will be described below.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 and the notification content by the notification device 59. As shown in FIG. In the following description, for convenience, a range in which the degree of opening of the mixing damper 56 shown in FIG. 14 is 10% to 40% is referred to as a “standard degree of opening range”. The standard opening range is set as a standard opening range in which the temperature of the hot air supplied to the dryer 52 is an appropriate temperature. The numerical values of the opening degree shown in the figure are merely an example, and the present invention is not limited to this value.

In the example shown in FIG. 14, when the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is smaller than the standard opening range (when it is 0% or more and less than 10%), the hot air temperature before drying is lower than the appropriate temperature range. Therefore, the notification device 59 performs the first notification. In this case, since the temperature of the hot air before drying is low even if the degree of opening of the mixing damper 56 is reduced, the amount of combustion material supplied to the combustion furnace 51 is too small. The worker who has recognized the first notification increases or starts (restarts) the supply of the combustion material to the combustion furnace 51, so that the shortage of the combustion material is eliminated.

In the example shown in FIG. 14, when the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is larger than the standard opening range (more than 40% to 100% or less), the hot air temperature before drying is higher than the appropriate temperature range. Therefore, the notification device 59 performs the second notification. In this case, since the temperature of the hot air before drying is high even if the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is increased, the amount of combustion material supplied to the combustion furnace 51 is excessive. The worker who recognizes the second notification reduces or stops the supply of the combustion material to the combustion furnace 51, so the excess state of the combustion material is eliminated.

In the example shown in FIG. 14, when the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is in the standard opening range (10% to 40%), the hot air temperature before drying is in the appropriate temperature range. Therefore, the notification device 59 performs the third notification. In this case, since the temperature of the hot air before drying is properly adjusted by adjusting the degree of opening of the mixing damper 56, the amount of combustion material supplied to the combustion furnace 51 is appropriate. The worker who has recognized the third notification maintains the supply of the combustion material to the combustion furnace 51 at the current state, so the appropriate state of the combustion material is maintained.

As shown in FIG. 15, the types of notification performed by the notification device 59 may be increased. In the example shown in FIG. 15, the types of notification performed by the notification device 59 are three types (the first notification, the second notification, and the third notification), but in the example shown in FIG. There are four types of notification performed by Specifically, the notification device 59 divides the case where the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is larger than the standard opening range into two different types of notification according to the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 (hot air temperature before drying). There is. That is, the second notification is divided into two different types of notification. In FIG. 15, for convenience, the second notification divided into two is described as “second notification” and “second notification”.

In the example shown in FIG. 15, when the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 is slightly larger than the standard opening range (in the case of more than 40% to 90% or less), the notification device 59 performs “notification 2A” and mixing When the opening degree of the damper 56 is much larger than the standard opening range (more than 90% to 100% or less), the “second B notification” is performed. The second notification indicates that the degree of excess combustion material supplied to the combustion furnace 51 is small, and the notification of the second B indicates that the degree of excess combustion material supplied to the combustion furnace 51 is large. Therefore, for example, when recognizing the notification of the second A, the operator takes measures to reduce the supply of the combustion material to the combustion furnace 51, and when recognizing the notification of the second B, the worker supplies the combustion material to the combustion furnace 51. It is possible to take measures to stop it. Thus, temperature management of the hot air temperature before drying can be more appropriately performed by increasing the types of notification performed by the notification device 59.

As shown in FIG. 12, the moisture measuring device 60 includes a plurality of moisture measuring devices 601 to 605. The plurality of moisture measuring devices 601 to 605 are respectively attached to the plurality of dryers 521 to 525. The moisture measuring device 601 measures the moisture content of the grain dried by the drier 521. The moisture measuring device 602 measures the moisture content of the grain dried by the dryer 522. The moisture measuring device 603 measures the moisture content of the grain dried by the dryer 523. The moisture measuring device 604 measures the moisture content of the grain dried by the dryer 524. The moisture measuring device 605 measures the moisture content of the grain dried by the dryer 525.

The moisture measuring device 60 is a nondestructive moisture measuring device that nondestructively measures the moisture content of at least the grains to be dried by the drying unit 4 (grains that have passed through the drying unit 4). The moisture measuring device 60 may be any device that measures at least the moisture content of grains, and may be a device that measures the characteristics of grains other than moisture as well as the moisture content of grains.
Nondestructive measurement is to measure the moisture content of grain without destroying it (without crushing it). In the past, for example, since it was a destructive type in which grains were crushed with an electrode roll, there is a possibility that the measurement accuracy may be lowered by grains attached to the electrode roll, and cleaning for removing grains attached to the electrode roll was necessary. In the nondestructive moisture measuring device 60, since the grain is not crushed, the measurement accuracy does not decrease due to the adhesion of the grain to the electrode roll, and the measurement interval is not affected by the cleaning, so the measurement interval is short It can be set to

Examples of the nondestructive moisture measuring device 60 include a spectrometric analyzer, a capacitive moisture meter, a microwave moisture meter, and a neutron moisture meter. In addition, as long as it is an apparatus which can measure the moisture content of a grain nondestructively, the moisture measuring apparatus 60 may be apparatuses other than what was illustrated.
A spectroscopy analyzer is an apparatus which measures the moisture content of a grain by spectroscopy analysis, and is an apparatus which investigates the spectrum of the light which a grain emits or absorbs, and measures the moisture content of a grain. A capacitive moisture meter is a moisture meter that supplies AC electricity to cereals and replaces the change (capacitance) of the electrical capacity with a moisture value and displays it. A microwave moisture meter is a moisture meter that displays an electrical change, such as attenuation by microwave moisture, by replacing it with a moisture value. A neutron moisture meter is a moisture meter that uses neutron, which is a type of radiation.

In a conventional dryer that measures the moisture content of grain with a destructive moisture meter, there is a limit to shortening the measurement interval. If the measurement interval is long (the number of times of measurement is small), it is difficult to accurately grasp the variation (unevenness) of the moisture content of the grain in the dryer 52. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the moisture content of the grain is nondestructively measured, the measurement interval of the moisture content of the grain can be shortened. Also, by shortening the measurement interval, the number of measurements can be increased. Thereby, the variation in the moisture content of the grain in the dryer 52 can be accurately grasped by obtaining the moisture content obtained by moving average of a plurality of moisture content.

As shown in FIG. 5, a moisture measuring device (near infrared moisture meter) 60 is provided in the first transverse feed unit 7 that traverses the dried grain. By providing the moisture measuring device 60 in the first crossfeed unit 7, it is possible to accurately measure the moisture content of the grain which is fed laterally after drying.
Specifically, the moisture measuring device 60 is provided in the flow passage 21 of the first horizontal feed unit 7 and on the bottom wall 22C. A window 29 is formed in the inclined portion 22Cb of the bottom wall 22C, and the moisture measuring device 60 is attached to the outer side (lower surface side of the inclined portion 22Cb) of the window 29 constituting a part of the inclined portion 22Cb. The optical axis of the moisture measuring device 60 (optical axis for irradiating light including near infrared rays) is directed to the window 29 and the moisture measuring device 60 measures the moisture content of the grain flowing through the inclined portion 22Cb (window) . According to this configuration, the moisture measuring device 60 can measure the moisture content of the grain flowing through the inclined portion 22Cb while spreading uniformly. That is, the moisture content of the majority of cereals that circulate after drying can be measured by the moisture measuring device 60. In this embodiment, the moisture measuring device 60 is attached to the inclined portion 22Cb of the flow passage 21 to measure the moisture content of the grain flowing through the inclined portion 22Cb. However, the moisture measuring device 60 is disposed above the inclined portion 22Cb. The moisture content of the grain flowing in the inclined portion 22Cb may be measured by attaching the optical axis of the moisture measuring device 609 to the inclined portion 22Cb.

As shown in FIG. 5, the lower end portion of the input unit 2 (hopper) is provided above the inclined portion 22Cb. The lower end portion of the hopper is connected to the upper wall 22A opposed to the inclined portion 22Cb. Since the hopper is provided above the inclined portion 22Cb and the moisture measuring device 60 is provided at the inclined portion 22Cb, the moisture amount of the grain (grain before drying) immediately after the hopper can be measured by the moisture measuring device 60 After drying, it is possible to measure the water content of the grain flowing through the inclined portion 22Cb.

In addition, the attachment position of the moisture measuring device 60 to the dryer 1 is not limited to the position shown in FIG. 5, and it is another attachment if it is a position at which at least the moisture content of the grain after drying can be measured. The position may be adopted.
The second control device 58 adjusts the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 corresponding to the drier 52 to which the moisture measuring device 60 is attached, based on the moisture amount measured by the moisture measuring device 60. Specifically, the second control device 581 adjusts the opening degree of the mixing damper 561 based on the amount of water measured by the water measurement device 601 attached to the dryer 521. Further, the opening degree of the mixing damper 562 is adjusted based on the amount of water measured by the water measuring device 602 attached to the dryer 522. Further, the opening degree of the mixing damper 563 is adjusted based on the amount of water measured by the water measuring device 603 attached to the dryer 523. Also, the opening degree of the mixing damper 564 is adjusted based on the amount of water measured by the water measuring device 604 attached to the dryer 524. Further, the opening degree of the mixing damper 561 is adjusted based on the amount of water measured by the water measuring device 605 attached to the dryer 525.

When the second control device 58 is provided in only a part of the driers, the mixing damper 561 provided in all the driers 521 to 525 by the second control device 58 provided in the part of the driers. The opening degree of 565 to 565 is individually adjusted based on the amount of water measured by the water measuring devices 601 to 605.
In a drying system in which grains are dried by supplying hot air generated by one combustion furnace 51 to a plurality of dryers 521 to 525, the degree of dryness (the moisture contained in the grains after drying) for each dryer Situations are likely to occur. In other words, the moisture content of the grains dried in the plurality of dryers 521 to 525 tends to be uneven (uneven). However, according to the drying system 50 of the present embodiment, the opening degree of the mixing damper 56 corresponding to the dryer 52 to which the moisture measuring device 60 is attached is adjusted based on the moisture amount measured by the moisture measuring device 60 As a result, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of unevenness (unevenness) in the moisture content of the grains dried in the plurality of dryers 521 to 525.

As an example, the moisture content of the grain measured by the moisture measuring device 601 attached to the dryer 521 is attached to the other dryers 522 to 525 under the condition of operating the plurality of dryers 521 to 525. Consider a case where the water content of the grain measured by the water measuring devices 602 to 605 is larger. In such a case, the second control device 58 receives data on the amount of water measured from the water measuring devices 601 to 605, and based on the data, mixing corresponding to the dryer 521 to which the water measuring device 601 is attached The opening degree of the damper 561 is made smaller than the opening degree of the mixing dampers 562 to 565 corresponding to the other dryers 522 to 525. As a result, the temperature of the hot air supplied to the dryer 521 is increased to promote the drying of the grain. As a result, the moisture content of the grain to be dried is made uniform by the dryers 521 to 525, and the occurrence of unevenness (unevenness) in the moisture content of the dried grain is prevented.

In addition, since the moisture measuring device 60 is a near infrared moisture meter, the moisture content of the grains to be dried by the respective dryers 521 to 525 can be measured accurately at high frequency. Therefore, it is possible to precisely adjust the opening degree of each of the mixing dampers 561 to 565 based on the amount of water measured by each of the water measuring devices 601 to 605. As a result, it is possible to more reliably prevent the occurrence of unevenness (unevenness) in the water content of the grains to be dried by the dryers 521 to 525.

Although the present invention has been described above, it should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative and non-restrictive in every respect. The scope of the present invention is indicated not by the above description but by claims, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 dryer 3 storage part 4 drying part 31 discharge duct 32 exhaust fan 33 circulation duct 38 switching part 39 air guide tube 39A taking-in part 39B extraction part 41 driving device 42 1st measuring device 43 2nd measuring device 44 control device (1st Control device)
50 drying system 51 combustion furnace 53 duct (supply duct)
52, 521 to 525

Dryer

56, 561 to 565

Mixing damper

57, 571 to 575

Temperature measuring device

58, 581 to 585

Control device

59, 591 to 595 Informing device 53B, 53B1 to 53B5 Branching portion (branching duct)

Claims

A storage unit for storing grains;
A drying unit provided below the storage unit to dry the grain with hot air;
A discharge duct for discharging the hot air having passed through the drying unit to the outside;
A circulation duct for returning a part of the hot air discharged from the discharge duct above the drying unit;
Equipped with a dryer.
The drier according to claim 1, further comprising: a switching unit capable of switching between a first state for blocking the flow of hot air from the discharge duct to the circulation duct and a second state for permitting the flow.
A first measuring device that measures the temperature of the hot air that has passed through the drying unit as a first temperature;
A second measuring device that measures the temperature of the outside air as a second temperature;
A control device that switches the switching unit from the first state to the second state when the first temperature is higher than the second temperature by a predetermined temperature or more;
The dryer according to claim 2, comprising:
The dryer according to claim 3, wherein the control device switches the switching unit from the first state to the second state when the humidity of the hot air having passed through the drying unit is less than a predetermined humidity.
The drier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an outlet of the circulation duct is connected to a lower portion of the storage portion and an upper portion of the drying portion.
The exhaust fan is disposed at a lower portion of the exhaust duct and suctions the hot air having passed through the drying unit,
The dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an inlet of the circulation duct is connected to the discharge duct above the exhaust fan.
The switching unit includes an air guide tube having an intake unit for taking in hot air, and a removal unit for taking out the hot air taken in from the intake unit into the circulation duct,
The air guide tube is movable to a first position accommodated in the circulation duct and in which the intake portion does not communicate with the discharge duct, and a second position in which the intake portion communicates with the discharge duct. The dryer according to claim 2 or 3.
The drier according to claim 7, wherein the air guide tube does not protrude inside the discharge duct at the first position, and protrudes inside the discharge duct at the second position.
A driving device for moving the air guide tube to the first position and the second position;
The control device moves the air guide tube to the first position when the switching unit is in the first state by driving the driving device, and the control unit is in the second state when the switching unit is in the second state. The dryer according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the air guide tube is moved to the second position.
A combustion furnace that generates hot air by burning a combustion material;
A duct for guiding hot air generated by the combustion furnace;
A dryer that takes in the hot air guided by the duct to dry the grain;
A mixing damper provided in the duct and adjusting an amount of outside air mixed with hot air introduced into the dryer;
A temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of the hot air passing through the mixing damper and before drying the grain;
A control device provided in the dryer and adjusting the opening degree of the mixing damper based on a temperature measured by the temperature measuring device;
Drying system equipped with.
The drying system according to claim 10, further comprising: a notification device for notifying in a visually or audibly recognizable manner whether or not the measured temperature is in a predetermined range suitable for drying the grain.
The notification device is
When the measured temperature is higher than the predetermined range, a notification to promote temperature rise of the hot air generated by the combustion furnace is performed,
The drying system according to claim 11, wherein when the measured temperature is lower than the predetermined range, a notification is provided to prompt a temperature decrease of hot air generated by the combustion furnace.
The drying system according to claim 12, wherein the notification device performs the notification by light.
One combustion furnace that generates hot air by burning a combustion material,
A duct for guiding hot air generated by the combustion furnace;
A plurality of dryers for taking in the hot air guided by the duct and drying the grains;
A plurality of mixing dampers provided in the duct and adjusting the amount of outside air mixed with the hot air introduced into the dryer;
A plurality of temperature measuring devices for measuring the temperature of the hot air passing through the mixing damper and before drying the grain;
A control device provided in the dryer and adjusting the opening degree of the mixing damper based on a temperature measured by the temperature measuring device;
Equipped with
The duct has a plurality of branch parts for distributing and guiding hot air generated from the one combustion furnace to the plurality of dryers,
The plurality of mixing dampers are respectively provided in the plurality of branch portions,
The plurality of temperature measurement devices measure the temperature of the hot air having respectively passed through the plurality of mixing dampers,
The said control apparatus is a drying system which adjusts separately the opening degree of these mixing dampers based on the measurement temperature by these temperature measurement apparatuses.
The drying system according to claim 14, further comprising a notification device for notifying in a visually or audibly recognizable manner whether or not the measured temperature is in a predetermined range suitable for drying of the grain.
The notification device is
When the measured temperature is higher than the predetermined range, a notification to promote temperature rise of the hot air generated by the combustion furnace is performed,
The drying system according to claim 15, wherein when the measured temperature is lower than the predetermined range, a notification is provided to prompt a temperature decrease of hot air generated by the combustion furnace.
The drying system according to claim 16, wherein the notification device performs the notification by light.
A plurality of moisture measuring devices for measuring the moisture content of the grain dried by the dryer;
The plurality of moisture measuring devices are attached to each of the plurality of dryers,
18. The controller according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the controller adjusts the opening degree of the mixing damper corresponding to the drier to which the moisture measuring device is attached, based on the amount of moisture measured by the moisture measuring device. Drying system according to paragraph.
The drying system according to claim 18, wherein the moisture measuring device is a near infrared moisture meter.