WO2019076126A1 - 防窥装置及其制造方法、显示装置 - Google Patents

防窥装置及其制造方法、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019076126A1
WO2019076126A1 PCT/CN2018/101276 CN2018101276W WO2019076126A1 WO 2019076126 A1 WO2019076126 A1 WO 2019076126A1 CN 2018101276 W CN2018101276 W CN 2018101276W WO 2019076126 A1 WO2019076126 A1 WO 2019076126A1
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Prior art keywords
electrode
transparent substrate
substrate
transparent
recess
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PCT/CN2018/101276
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
方正
崔贤植
林允植
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to EP18855139.4A priority Critical patent/EP3699683B1/en
Priority to US16/333,193 priority patent/US11327370B2/en
Publication of WO2019076126A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019076126A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133626—Illuminating devices providing two modes of illumination, e.g. day-night
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1676—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/38—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising colour filters or colour changing media [CCM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
    • G02F1/133555—Transflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13356—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements
    • G02F1/133565—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements inside the LC elements, i.e. between the cell substrates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13356—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements
    • G02F1/133567—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements on the back side
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F2001/1678—Constructional details characterised by the composition or particle type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/44—Arrangements combining different electro-active layers, e.g. electrochromic, liquid crystal or electroluminescent layers

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a privacy device and a method of fabricating the same, and a display device with a privacy device.
  • the existing display has a very high light-emitting angle, and the maximum light-emitting angle is even 178°, such as an ADS display.
  • Such a large perspective gives consumers an excellent user experience in applications such as TV products, but in some applications such as personal mobile products or special applications, personal information or privacy leaks.
  • an anti-spying device for a display such as a 3M anti-peep film, has been proposed to achieve convergence of the display angle of the display.
  • a privacy preventing device comprising: a transparent substrate; a plurality of first electrodes on the transparent substrate; a transparent insulating body on the transparent substrate,
  • the insulative housing has a plurality of recesses in one-to-one correspondence with the first electrode, the opening of the recess faces the transparent substrate, the first electrode is located in the recess, and the edge of the recess is parallel to the transparent
  • An area of a planar cross section of the substrate is tapered in a direction away from the transparent substrate; a plurality of transparent second electrodes, each second electrode including a second electrode sidewall portion covering a sidewall of the recess; wherein An insulating space is defined between the insulating body and the second electrode and the transparent substrate, and the electrophoresis liquid is contained in the closed space, and the electrophoretic liquid includes reflective charged particles, and the reflective charged particles are suitable for A first electric field is applied between the one electrode and the second electrode to adhere to the second electrode.
  • the anti-spy device further includes: a switching device electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode, the switching device being arranged to be in a first working state when the switching device is in a first working state Applying a first electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode such that the reflective charged particles are attached to the second electrode, and applying a direction opposite to the first electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode in the second operating state The second electric field causes the charged particles to adhere to the first electrode.
  • the two side walls of the recess have a flat surface.
  • a bottom end of a second electrode sidewall portion of one of the adjacent two second electrodes and a second electrode of the other second electrode adjacent to the one second electrode satisfies the following relationship: 0° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , where ⁇ is a preset outgoing light and The maximum angle between the normals of the transparent substrate.
  • the value of ⁇ is 30 degrees.
  • an enclosed space defined between the second electrode and the transparent substrate has an isosceles trapezoidal cross section along a plane perpendicular to the transparent substrate, and the second electrode further includes a distance away from the transparent One end of the substrate connects the second electrode connecting portions of the two second electrode side wall portions.
  • an enclosed space defined between the second electrode and the transparent substrate has an isosceles triangular cross section along a plane perpendicular to the transparent substrate, and two second electrode sides of the second electrode The walls are directly connected together.
  • the base angle of the isosceles trapezoidal section is greater than or equal to 60° and less than 90°.
  • the base angle of the isosceles triangular section is greater than or equal to 60° and less than 90°.
  • the side wall of the recess has a concave curved surface shape that is recessed toward the inside of the recess.
  • a bottom end of a second electrode sidewall portion of one of the adjacent two second electrodes and a second electrode of the other second electrode adjacent to the one second electrode satisfies the following relationship: 0° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , where ⁇ is a preset outgoing light and The maximum angle between the normals of the transparent substrate.
  • a cross section of the recess along a plane parallel to the transparent substrate has an elliptical or polygonal shape.
  • a display device comprising the anti-spy device according to the embodiment of the first aspect.
  • the display device further includes a color filter substrate disposed on a light incident side of the color filter substrate.
  • the display device further includes an LCD panel and a backlight unit, the anti-spying device being disposed between the LCD panel and the backlight unit.
  • the display device further includes an LCD panel and a backlight unit integrated in the LCD panel, between the array substrate and the color filter substrate or integrated in the array substrate.
  • the display device further includes an OLED panel, and the anti-spying device is disposed in the OLED panel.
  • a method for fabricating a privacy device includes: providing a carrier substrate; forming a transparent insulating body on the carrier substrate;
  • each recess including two side walls that are inclined away from each other in a direction away from the carrier substrate; forming a plurality of transparent second electrodes along the recesses of the transparent insulative housing, each second The electrode includes a second electrode sidewall portion covering a sidewall of the corresponding recess; an electrophoretic liquid is injected into the recess formed with the second electrode; and the transparent substrate is covered on the transparent insulating body to be in the insulating body and the second electrode An enclosing space is defined between the transparent substrates such that the electrophoretic fluid is encapsulated in the enclosed space, wherein the transparent substrate is formed with a plurality of first electrodes, each of the first electrodes being located in the corresponding recess and two of the recesses The sidewalls are spaced apart; wherein the electrophoretic fluid comprises reflective charged particles, and the reflective charged particles are adapted to adhere to the second electrode when a first electric field is applied between the first electrode and the
  • a bottom end of a second electrode sidewall portion of one of the adjacent two second electrodes and a second electrode of the other second electrode adjacent to the one second electrode satisfies the following relationship: 0° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , where ⁇ is a predetermined outgoing light and the transparent The maximum angle between the normals of the substrate.
  • the fabricating method further includes the step of stripping the carrier substrate after forming the transparent substrate.
  • a privacy preventing device includes: a transparent substrate; a plurality of first electrodes on the substrate; a transparent insulating body on the substrate, the insulating body having the a plurality of through holes corresponding to the first electrodes, the first electrodes are located in the through holes, and an area of the through holes along a plane parallel to a plane of the transparent substrate is gradually separated from a direction away from the substrate a plurality of transparent second electrodes formed at the through holes of the insulative body to partially surround the first electrode; wherein an enclosed space is defined between the second electrode and the substrate, in the enclosed space
  • the electrophoretic fluid is contained, and the electrophoretic fluid includes reflective charged particles, and the reflective charged particles are adapted to adhere to the second electrode when a first electric field is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a peep prevention state of a privacy device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 1B is a schematic plan view of one embodiment of a recess of the insulative housing of the anti-spy device shown in Figure 1A;
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic plan view of another embodiment of a recess of the insulative housing of the anti-spy device shown in FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 1D is another schematic cross-sectional view of the anti-spy state of the anti-spy device shown in FIG. 1A;
  • Figure 1E is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anti-spyware device of Figure 1A in a non-peep-proof state;
  • FIG. 1F is another schematic cross-sectional view of the non-anti-peep state of the anti-spy device shown in FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 1G is a schematic diagram of an example of an electric field switching device of the anti-spy device shown in FIG. 1A;
  • 1H is a schematic view showing the size of a recess of the insulative housing of the anti-spy device shown in FIG. 1A;
  • Fig. 2 shows the result of the simulation detection of the anti-spying effect of the anti-spy device shown in Fig. 1A.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pest control device of a modified embodiment of the anti-spy device of FIGS. 1A-1F.
  • 4A-4F are schematic diagrams illustrating a process of fabricating the anti-spyware device illustrated in FIG. 1A, in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 5A-5C are schematic cross-sectional views of a privacy device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the anti-spy device of a modified embodiment of the anti-spy device of Figures 5A-5C.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a layer/element when referred to as being "on" another layer/element, the layer/element may be directly on the other layer/element, or there may be a central layer between them/ element. In addition, if a layer/element is "on” another layer/element, the layer/element may be "under” the other layer/element when the orientation is reversed.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a peep prevention state of a privacy device 100, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the anti-spying device 100 includes a substrate 110, a plurality of first electrodes 120 on the substrate 110, and an insulating body 130 on the substrate 110 in order from the light-incident side A to the light-emitting side B (indicating that " "on” refers to the positional relationship of the two, and does not necessarily mean that the insulative housing 130 is fixed or formed on the substrate 110) and the plurality of second electrodes 140.
  • the substrate 110, the first electrode 120, the insulative body 130, and the second electrode 140 are each made of a transparent material.
  • the substrate 110 is, for example, a glass substrate.
  • the insulating body 130 can be made of, for example, a material such as photosensitive polyimide, PC (polycarbonate), or PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate).
  • the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140 are made of, for example, a transparent conductive material such as ITO.
  • the anti-spy device 100 further includes a transparent cover 180 to protect the second electrode 140.
  • the plurality of first electrodes 120 are arranged in parallel on the substrate 110, for example, in a strip shape.
  • the insulative housing 130 has a plurality of recesses 131 extending along the length direction of the first electrode 120, and a width of a cross section perpendicular to the length direction of each recess 131 is tapered in a direction away from the substrate 110.
  • One end of the recess 131 facing the substrate 110 is opened, and the first electrode 120 is located in the opening.
  • One end of the recess 131 away from the substrate 110 may be closed or opened.
  • the recess is in the form of a through hole.
  • one end of the recess 131 away from the substrate 110 is closed.
  • the insulative housing 130 can protect the second electrode 140, and the anti-spy structure is more stable.
  • the projections of the plurality of recesses 131 on the substrate 110 may be arranged in a matrix, each of the recesses may be frustoconical, pyramidal, and the shape of the cross section of the recess 131 along a plane parallel to the substrate 110. It may be an ellipse, a circle, or a polygon such as a quadrangle, a hexagon, an octagon, or the like.
  • the area of the cross section of the recess 131 along the plane parallel to the substrate 110 tapers in a direction away from the substrate 110.
  • the projections of the plurality of recesses 131 on the substrate 110 may be substantially parallel to each other and may extend in the height direction of the substrate 110 (when the substrate 110 is placed vertically).
  • the area of the cross section of the recess 131 along the plane parallel to the substrate 110 is tapered in a direction away from the substrate 110, or the width of the cross section of the recess 131 along a plane perpendicular to the substrate 110 is tapered in a direction away from the substrate 110.
  • the plurality of second electrodes 140 are respectively formed along the recess 131 of the insulative housing 110, for example, each of the second electrodes 140 includes a second electrode sidewall portion 141 covering the two sidewalls 131a of the recess 131, and each of the second electrodes 140
  • the first electrode 120 is partially surrounded.
  • An enclosed space 150 is defined between the insulative housing 130 and the second electrode 140 and the substrate 110.
  • the electrophoretic fluid 151 is contained in the enclosed space 150, and the electrophoretic liquid includes reflective charged particles 152 therein.
  • the second electrode 140 may extend onto the substrate 110 to form a seal with the substrate 110 or may not extend to the substrate 110, and a seal is formed between the sidewall 130a of the recess 130 and the substrate 110.
  • the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140 are connected to the power source 160 by wires.
  • the reflective charged particles 152 are adapted to adhere to the second electrode 140 when a first electric field is applied between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140.
  • the reflective charged particles 152 are, for example, metal particles such as Ag particles and Al particles, and the electrophoresis liquid 151 is, for example, a plating solution such as silver iodide or silver chloride.
  • FIG. 1A shows a state in which the reflective charged particles 152 are attached to the second electrode 140.
  • a light beam having a diffusion angle ⁇ 1 from the light incident side A is irradiated onto the second electrode 140, and is reflected by the reflective charged particles 152 attached to the second electrode 140.
  • the light exiting side B converges, and the viewing effect is like a light beam emitted at a small diffusion angle ⁇ 2, thereby forming a narrow viewing angle anti-spy mode, which can achieve an anti-spying effect and prevent personal information or privacy leakage.
  • the brightness in the front view direction can be improved, thereby solving the case of using the anti-spy film.
  • the problem of lowering the brightness in the direction of the lower elevation improves the user's physical examination.
  • FIG. 1D shows the reflective element 190 on the light entrance side of the privacy device.
  • reflective element 190 can be a reflective element in a backlight unit of an LCD display device or a reflective element in an OLED display device.
  • FIG. 1E shows a state in which the reflective charged particles 152 are attached to the first electrode 120.
  • the light beam having the diffusion angle ⁇ 1 from the light incident side A is irradiated onto the second electrode 140, and is normally emitted through the transparent second electrode on the light exiting side, on the light exiting side B.
  • the divergence angle of the light is still ⁇ 1, thereby forming a non-anti-peep mode with a wide viewing angle, so as to achieve a wide viewing angle display and enhance the user viewing experience.
  • FIG. 1F shows the reflective element 190 on the light entrance side of the privacy device.
  • reflective element 190 can be a reflective element in a backlight unit of an LCD display device or a reflective element in an OLED display device.
  • the privacy device 100 further includes a switching device 170 electrically coupled to the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140.
  • the switching device 170 may be, for example, a bridge polarity inversion switching circuit for changing the direction of the electric field applied between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140.
  • a first electric field is applied between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140 when the switching device 170 is in the first operating state, so that the reflective charged particles 152 are attached to the second electrode 140, thereby forming a sneak peek. mode.
  • a second electric field opposite to the direction of the first electric field is applied between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140 when the switching device 170 is in the second operational state, so that the charged particles 152 are attached to the first electrode. 120, thereby forming a non-anti-peep mode.
  • FIG. 1G shows a schematic diagram of one example of the switching device 170 shown in FIG. 1A.
  • the switching device 170 includes four switches SW1, SW2, SW3, and SW4.
  • the switches SW2 and SW3 are turned off, the switches SW1 and SW4 are turned on, the second electrode 140 is connected to the positive electrode, and the first electrode 120 is connected.
  • Negative electrode when SW1 and SW4 are turned off, and SW2 and SW3 are turned on, the second electrode 140 is connected to the negative electrode, and the first electrode 120 is connected to the positive electrode. Therefore, the direction of the electric field applied between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140 can be changed by setting the switching states of the respective switches.
  • the switching device 170 can be freely switched between the anti-spy mode and the non-anti-peep mode, thereby satisfying the user's use requirements in different usage scenarios, and improving user convenience.
  • the two side walls 131a of the recess 131 have a flat surface.
  • An isosceles trapezoidal cross section is defined between the recess 131 and the substrate 110. That is, the closed space 150 defined by the second electrode 140 and the substrate 110 has an isosceles trapezoidal cross section along a plane perpendicular to the substrate.
  • Each of the second electrodes 140 includes a second electrode side wall portion 141 covering the two side walls 131a of the recess 131 and a second electrode connection portion 142 connecting the two second electrode side wall portions 141 at one end away from the substrate 110.
  • the second electrode side wall portion 141 constitutes the waist of the isosceles trapezoid
  • the second electrode connecting portion 142 constitutes the upper base of the isosceles trapezoid
  • the portion of the substrate 110 located in the concave portion 131 constitutes the lower bottom of the isosceles trapezoid.
  • the second electrode 140 Since the second electrode 140 has an isosceles trapezoidal cross section, the second electrode side wall portion 141 of the second electrode can have a large inclination, so that more light can be reflected to the front view direction in the anti-spy mode (ie, the substrate 110)
  • the normal direction enhances the brightness of the front view direction, thereby solving the problem of lowering the brightness of the front view direction when the anti-spy film is used, and improving the user's physical examination.
  • FIG. 1H shows a schematic view of the dimensions of the recess 131 of the insulative housing 130 as shown in FIG. 1A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the illustration of the first electrode 120, the electrophoresis liquid 151, and the reflective charged particles 152 is omitted for convenience of illustration.
  • the size of the concave portion 131 needs to be formed thereon. The following relationship is satisfied between the second electrodes 140:
  • ⁇ is the bottom end of the second electrode side wall portion 141a of one of the adjacent two second electrodes 140a and 140b and the second electrode side wall portion 141a of the other second electrode 140b
  • the angle formed between the connecting line L of the tip end of the second electrode side wall portion 141b and the normal line Z of the substrate 110, ⁇ is the maximum angle between the predetermined outgoing light R1 and the normal Z of the substrate 110.
  • ⁇ can be set to 30 degrees as needed.
  • ⁇ can be set to a larger or smaller angle as desired. In the range of the angle ⁇ , the smaller the ⁇ angle, the more the center brightness is increased, and the better the anti-spying effect is.
  • the size and pitch of the recess 131 can be specifically designed. As shown in Fig. 1H, according to the geometric relationship, the base angle ⁇ of the isosceles trapezoidal section satisfies the formula (2):
  • the size of the anti-spy device can be specifically designed to achieve the desired anti-peep effect.
  • the base angle ⁇ of the isosceles trapezoidal section may be selected to be approximately 60° and 90°. Between ° (greater than or equal to 60 ° and less than 90 °).
  • the height H of the isosceles trapezoidal section may be set to about 10 ⁇ m, and the pitch P1 between the tips of the recesses 131 (isosceles trapezoidal section) may be set to about 8.5 ⁇ m.
  • the base length W of the isosceles trapezoidal section may be designed to be equal to the pitch P1 between the tips of the recesses 131 (isosceles trapezoidal section), for example, selected to be about 8.5 ⁇ m.
  • the base length W of the isosceles trapezoidal section has little effect on the light exit angle, and other sizes can be used.
  • Fig. 2 shows the result of performing simulation detection on the anti-spying effect of the display panel using the anti-spy device shown in Fig. 1A.
  • Models were built and tested using simulation software (Lighttool). As shown in FIG. 2, the abscissa indicates an angle value, 0 degree indicates a front view direction, and the ordinate indicates a brightness value.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sneak prevention device 100' of a modified embodiment of the sniffer device of Figure 1A.
  • This embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A in that the recess 131' has an irregular isosceles trapezoidal cross section, in particular, the two side walls 131a' of the recess 131' have a concave shape toward the inside of the recess. Concave curved shape. Accordingly, the second electrode 140' formed on the recess 131' and the enclosed space 150' defined by the substrate 110 have an irregular isosceles trapezoidal cross section.
  • the anti-spy function can also be realized, and the brightness of the front view angle can be better improved in the anti-spy mode.
  • Other aspects of this embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A, and details are not described herein again.
  • 4A-4F are schematic diagrams illustrating a fabrication process of the anti-spy device illustrated in FIG. 1A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a carrier substrate (cover) 180 is provided, and a transparent insulating body 130 is formed on the carrier substrate 180.
  • the carrier substrate 180 is, for example, a glass substrate.
  • the insulating body 130 is formed, for example, by coating a photosensitive polyimide resin on the carrier substrate 180.
  • a plurality of recessed portions 131 extending in a strip shape are formed in the transparent insulating body 130, and each of the recessed portions 131 includes two side walls 131a that are inclined away from each other in a direction away from the carrier substrate 180.
  • the insulating body 130 made of a photosensitive resin is patterned by a photolithography process to form respective recesses 131.
  • the concave portion 131 can also be formed by a process such as molding according to the material of the insulating body 130, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • a plurality of transparent second electrodes 140 are formed along the recess 131 of the transparent insulative housing 130.
  • an ITO electrode layer is deposited on the transparent insulating body 130 by evaporation, for example, and then the ITO electrode layer is patterned by a photolithography process to form a plurality of second electrodes 140 extending along the respective recesses 131.
  • Each of the second electrodes 140 includes a second electrode side wall portion 141 that covers the two side walls 131a of the corresponding recess 131. As shown in FIG.
  • each of the second electrodes 140 further includes a second electrode connecting portion 142 formed on the bottom of the concave portion 131, that is, formed on the insulating body 130, and second.
  • the electrode connection portion 142 connects the two second electrode side wall portions 141.
  • the electrophoresis liquid 151 is injected into the concave portion 131 in which the second electrode 140 is formed.
  • the electrophoresis liquid is a solution containing reflective charged particles 152, such as a solution of silver iodide, silver chloride or the like.
  • the transparent substrate 110 is covered on the transparent insulating body 130 to define a closed space 150 between the second electrode 140 and the substrate 110 such that the electrophoresis liquid 151 is encapsulated in the closed space 150.
  • a plurality of transparent strip-shaped first electrodes 120 are pre-formed on the substrate 110, and each of the first electrodes 120 is located in the corresponding recess 131 and spaced apart from the second electrode 140 on the two sidewalls 131a of the recess 131. Thereby, each of the second electrodes 140 partially surrounds the first electrode 120. In this way, the inverted anti-peep device 100 as shown in FIG. 1A is obtained.
  • the second lead wire that leads the second electrode 140 can be simultaneously fabricated.
  • the first lead wire that leads the first electrode 120 may be prepared in advance on the substrate 110.
  • the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140 can be connected to an external power source (for example, the power source 160 shown in FIG. 1A) through the first lead line and the second lead line so as to be at the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140. An electric field is applied between them.
  • a switching device see switching device 170 as shown in Fig. 1A may be connected between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140 to switch the direction of the electric field.
  • the carrier substrate 180 of the anti-spy device 100 can be peeled off from the insulative housing 130 .
  • the anti-spying device 100 is reversed. Then, in the case where the anti-spying apparatus 100 is integrated in the display apparatus, the anti-spying apparatus 100 can also be used as a substrate, and other elements such as a pixel structure can be continuously formed thereon.
  • the lower side of the anti-spying device 100 that is, one side of the substrate 110 is the light incident side A
  • the upper side of the anti-spying device 100 is the light exit side B.
  • the reflective charged particles 152 in the electrophoretic liquid 151 are attached to the first electric field when the first electric field is applied between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140.
  • the second electrode 140 is formed to form an anti-spy mode. As shown in FIG.
  • a reflective charged particle 152 in the electrophoretic fluid 151 is attached to the first electrode 120 when a second electric field having a polarity opposite to the first electric field is applied between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 140 to form Non-anti-peep mode.
  • the anti-spy device manufactured according to the method of the present disclosure can be freely switched between the anti-spy mode and the non-anti-peep mode, meets the user's use requirements in different usage scenarios, improves user convenience, and can be improved in the anti-spy mode.
  • the brightness of the front view angle solves the problem that the brightness in the front view direction is lowered when the anti-spy film is used, and the user's physical examination is improved.
  • the anti-spying device 100 can also be fabricated by other processes, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a privacy device 200 in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the anti-spying device 200 includes a substrate 210, a plurality of first electrodes 220, an insulative housing 230, and a plurality of second electrodes 240 in order from the light incident side A to the light exit side B.
  • the substrate 210, the first electrode 220, the insulative housing 230, and the second electrode 240 are each made of a transparent material.
  • the anti-spy device 200 further includes a transparent cover 280 to protect the second electrode 240.
  • the plurality of first electrodes 220 are arranged in parallel on the substrate 210, for example, in a strip shape.
  • the insulative housing 230 has a plurality of recesses 231 extending along the length direction of the first electrode 220, and the width of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of each recess 231 is tapered in a direction away from the substrate 210.
  • a plurality of second electrodes 240 are respectively formed on the recesses 231 of the insulative housing 210 to partially surround the first electrodes 220.
  • An enclosed space 250 is defined between the second electrode 240 and the substrate 210, and the electrophoretic fluid 251 is contained in the enclosed space 250, and the electrophoretic liquid includes reflective charged particles 252 therein.
  • the first electrode 220 and the second electrode 240 are connected to the power source 260 by wires.
  • the reflective charged particles 252 are adapted to adhere to the second electrode 240 when a first electric field is applied between the first electrode 220 and the second electrode 240.
  • FIG. 5A shows a state in which the reflective charged particles 252 are attached to the second electrode 240.
  • the light beam having the diffusion angle ⁇ 1 from the light incident side A is irradiated onto the second electrode 240, and is reflected by the reflective charged particles 252 attached to the second electrode 240.
  • the light exiting side B converges and is emitted at a diffusion angle ⁇ 2, thereby forming a narrow viewing angle anti-spy mode, which can achieve an anti-spying effect and prevent personal information or privacy leakage.
  • FIG. 5B shows a state in which the reflective charged particles 252 are attached to the first electrode 220.
  • the light beam having the diffusion angle ⁇ 1 from the light incident side A is irradiated onto the second electrode 240, and is normally emitted through the transparent second electrode 240 on the light exiting side, on the light exiting side.
  • the divergence angle of the light is still ⁇ 1, thereby forming a non-anti-peep mode with a wide viewing angle, so as to achieve a wide viewing angle display and enhance the user's viewing experience.
  • the anti-spyware device 200 can also include the switching device 270 to switch between the anti-spy mode and the non-anti-spy mode through the switching device 270, so as to meet the user's use requirements in different usage scenarios, and improve user convenience. Sex.
  • an isosceles triangular cross section is defined between the recess 231 and the substrate 210. That is, the closed space 250 defined by the second electrode 240 and the substrate 210 has an isosceles triangular cross section along a plane perpendicular to the substrate.
  • Each of the second electrodes 240 includes only the second electrode side wall portion 241 covering the two side walls of the recess 231, and the two second electrode side wall portions 241 are directly connected together.
  • the anti-spy function can also be realized, and the brightness of the front view angle can be improved in the anti-spy mode.
  • FIG. 5C shows a schematic view of the dimensions of the recess 231 of the insulative housing 230 as shown in FIG. 5A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the illustration of the first electrode 220, the electrophoresis liquid 251, and the reflective charged particles 252 is omitted for convenience of illustration.
  • the size of the concave portion 231 needs to be formed thereon. The following relationship is satisfied between the second electrodes 240:
  • ⁇ is the bottom end of the second electrode side wall portion 241a of one of the adjacent two second electrodes 240a and 240b and the second electrode side wall portion 241a of the other second electrode 240b
  • the angle formed between the connecting line L of the top end of the second electrode side wall portion 241b and the normal line Z of the substrate 210, ⁇ is the maximum angle between the predetermined outgoing light R1 and the normal Z of the substrate 210.
  • ⁇ can be set to 30 degrees as needed.
  • ⁇ can be set to 30 degrees as needed.
  • the incident light R having an incident angle of 30 degrees or less in the anti-seepage mode can be reflected and corrected by the second electrode side wall portion 241, thereby directing the outgoing light R1 toward the front view.
  • Directional reflection for anti-peep effect Those skilled in the art will appreciate that ⁇ can be set to a larger or smaller angle as desired.
  • the size and pitch of the concave portion 231 can be set in conjunction with specific process conditions.
  • the base angle ⁇ of the isosceles triangle section may be selected to be between approximately 60° and 90° (greater than or equal to 60° and less than 90°), and the height H of the isosceles triangle section may be set to approximately 10 ⁇ m.
  • the pitch P1 between the tips of the concave portions 231 (isosceles triangular cross section) may be set to be about 8.5 ⁇ m.
  • the base length W of the isosceles triangle section may be designed to be equal to the pitch P1 between the tips of the recesses 231 (isosceles triangle sections).
  • Fig. 6 shows a sneak prevention device 200' of a modified embodiment of the embodiment shown in Figs. 5A-5C.
  • This embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in Figures 5A-5C in that the recess 231' has an irregular isosceles triangular cross section, in particular, the two side walls 231a' of the recess 231' have an internal recess to the recess. The concave curved surface shape. Accordingly, the second electrode 240' formed on the recess 231' and the enclosed space 250' defined by the substrate 210 have an irregular isosceles triangular cross section.
  • the anti-spy function can also be realized, and the brightness of the front view angle can be better improved in the anti-spy mode.
  • Other aspects of this embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5A-5C, and are not described herein again.
  • An embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure provides a display device comprising the anti-spyware device of any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the display device shown may be a product or component having a display function such as a display panel, a monitor, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a mobile phone, a digital photo frame, a personal digital assistant, a navigator, or the like.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device 300 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device 300 is an LCD display device including a backlight unit 301, an anti-spy device 302, and an LCD panel 303.
  • the anti-spy device 302 is disposed between the backlight unit 301 and the LCD panel 303.
  • the backlight unit 301, the anti-spy device 302, and the LCD panel 303 may be pasted together by optically transparent glue.
  • the light having the wide viewing angle a1 emitted from the backlight unit 301 is converged by the anti-spying device, and is emitted from the light-emitting side of the LCD panel at a narrow viewing angle a2, thereby realizing the anti-spying effect. While preventing the peek, the brightness of the front view angle is also improved.
  • the anti-spyware device 302 is equipped with a switching device, it is also possible to realize free switching between the anti-spy mode and the non-anti-peep mode, and meet the user's use requirements in different usage scenarios.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device 400 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device 400 is an LCD display device including a backlight unit 401 and an LCD panel 402, and the anti-spy device 4022 is integrated in the LCD panel 402.
  • the anti-spying device 4022 may be located between the array substrate 4021 of the LCD panel 402 and the color filter substrate 4023.
  • the anti-spying device 4022 may be integrated inside the array substrate 4021.
  • the anti-spying device shown in FIG. 1A can be fabricated first, and then the substrate is used as a substrate to continue to fabricate elements such as the pixel structure of the array substrate 4021, and then the array substrate 4021 and the color filter substrate 4023 are paired together.
  • the light having the wide viewing angle a1 emitted from the backlight unit 401 is converged by the anti-spying device 4022, and then emitted from the light-emitting side of the LCD panel at a narrow viewing angle a2, thereby realizing the anti-spying effect. . While preventing the peek, the brightness of the front view angle is also improved.
  • the anti-spying device 4022 is equipped with a switching device, it is also possible to implement free switching between the anti-spy mode and the non-anti-peep mode, and meet the user's use requirements in different usage scenarios.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device 500 according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device 500 is an OLED display device including a white light OLED display substrate 501, an anti-spy device 502, and a color filter substrate 503.
  • the anti-spying device 502 is disposed between the display substrate 501 and the color filter substrate 503.
  • the anti-spy device 502 may be integrated inside the display substrate 501.
  • the light having the wide viewing angle a1 emitted from the display substrate 501 is converged by the anti-spy device 502, and then emitted from the light-emitting side of the OLED display panel at a narrow viewing angle a2, thereby realizing the anti-spy effect. While preventing the peek, the brightness of the front view angle is also improved.
  • the anti-spying device 502 is equipped with a switching device, it is also possible to realize free switching between the anti-spy mode and the non-anti-peep mode, and meet the user's use requirements in different usage scenarios.
  • the anti-spying device 502 can be used for an OLED display device without the color film substrate 503.
  • the white light OLED display substrate 501 is replaced with a color OLED display substrate.
  • the installation position of the anti-spy device is not limited. Further, according to the display device of each of the above embodiments, since the anti-spying device is integrated in the display device, it can be carried and used simultaneously with the display device, and user convenience is improved as compared with the case where it is necessary to carry the peeping film alone.

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Abstract

一种防窥装置（100）及其制造方法、带有防窥装置（100）的显示装置。防窥装置（100）包括：透明基板（110）；在透明基板（110）上的多个第一电极（120）；在透明基板（110）上的透明的绝缘本体（130），绝缘本体（130）具有与第一电极（120）一一对应的多个凹部（131），凹部（131）的开口朝向透明基板（110），第一电极（120）位于凹部（131）中，且凹部（131）的沿平行于透明基板（110）的平面的截面的面积沿着远离透明基板（110）的方向渐缩；多个透明的第二电极（140），每个第二电极（140）包括覆盖凹部（131）的侧壁（131a）的第二电极侧壁部（141）。绝缘本体（130）和第二电极（140）与透明基板（110）之间限定封闭空间（150），在封闭空间（150）中容纳电泳液（151），电泳液（151）中包括反射性带电粒子（152），反射性带电粒子（152）适于在第一电极（120）和第二电极（140）间施加第一电场时附着到第二电极（140）上。防窥装置（100）在防窥的同时，还提高了正视角度的亮度。

Description

防窥装置及其制造方法、显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2017年10月20日递交中国专利局的、申请号为201710990910.2的中国专利申请的权益，该申请的全部公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
技术领域
本公开的实施例涉及防窥装置及其制造方法，以及带有防窥装置的显示装置。
背景技术
现有的显示器的出光角度都非常大，最大出光角度甚至达到了178°，如ADS显示屏。如此大的视角在一些应用如电视产品应用中给消费者带来了极好的用户体验，但在一些应用如个人移动产品或者特殊应用场合，会造成个人信息或隐私的泄漏。
针对这一问题，提出了用于显示器的防窥装置，如3M公司的防窥视膜材，以实现显示器显示角度的收敛。
发明内容
根据本公开第一方面的实施列，提出了一种防窥装置，包括：透明基板；在所述透明基板上的多个第一电极；在所述透明基板上的透明的绝缘本体，所述绝缘本体具有与所述第一电极一一对应的多个凹部，所述凹部的开口朝向所述透明基板，所述第一电极位于所述凹部中，且所述凹部的沿平行于所述透明基板的平面的截面的面积沿着远离所述透明基板的方向渐缩；多个透明的第二电极，每个第二电极包括覆盖凹部的侧壁的第二电极侧壁部；其中，所述绝缘本体和所述第二电极与所述透明基板之间限定封闭空间，在所述封闭空间中容纳电泳液，所述电泳液中包括反射 性带电粒子，所述反射性带电粒子适于在第一电极和第二电极间施加第一电场时附着到第二电极上。
根据本公开的一个实施列，所述的防窥装置还包括：切换装置，与所述第一电极和第二电极电连接，所述切换装置设置为当所述切换装置处于第一工作状态时在第一电极和第二电极间施加第一电场，使得所述反射性带电粒子附着到第二电极上，在第二工作状态时在第一电极和第二电极间施加与第一电场方向相反的第二电场，使得所述带电粒子附着到第一电极上。
根据本公开的一个实施列，所述凹部的两个侧壁具有平面。
根据本公开的一个实施列，相邻的两个第二电极中的一个第二电极的第二电极侧壁部的底端和另一个第二电极的靠近所述一个第二电极的第二电极侧壁部的第二电极侧壁部的顶端的连接线与所述透明基板的法线之间的角度α满足如下关系式：0°＜α≤θ，其中，θ为预设的出射光与所述透明基板的法线之间的最大角度。
根据本公开的一个实施列，所述θ的值为30度。
根据本公开的一个实施列，在第二电极和所述透明基板之间限定的封闭空间沿垂直于所述透明基板的平面具有等腰梯形截面，所述第二电极还包括在远离所述透明基板的一端连接两个第二电极侧壁部的第二电极连接部。
根据本公开的一个实施列，在第二电极和所述透明基板之间限定的封闭空间沿垂直于所述透明基板的平面具有等腰三角形截面，所述第二电极的两个第二电极侧壁部直接连接在一起。
根据本公开的一个实施列，所述等腰梯形截面的底角大于或等于60°并且小于90°。
根据本公开的一个实施列，所述等腰三角形截面的底角大于或等于60°并且小于90°。
根据本公开的一个实施列，所述凹部的侧壁具有向所述凹部的内部凹入的凹弧面形状。
根据本公开的一个实施列，相邻的两个第二电极中的一个第二电极的第二电极侧壁部的底端和另一个第二电极的靠近所述一个第二电极的第二电极侧壁部的第二电极侧壁部的顶端的连接线 与所述透明基板的法线之间的角度α满足如下关系式：0°＜α≤θ，其中，θ为预设的出射光与所述透明基板的法线之间的最大角度。
根据本公开的一个实施列，所述凹部的沿平行于所述透明基板的平面的截面具有椭圆形或多边形的形状。
根据本公开另一方面的实施列，提出一种显示装置，包括第一方面的实施例所述的防窥装置。
根据本公开的一个实施列，所述显示装置还包括彩膜基板，所述防窥装置设置在彩膜基板的入光侧。
根据本公开的一个实施列，所述显示装置还包括LCD面板和背光单元，所述防窥装置设置在LCD面板和背光单元之间。
根据本公开的一个实施列，所述显示装置还包括LCD面板和背光单元，所述防窥装置集成在所述LCD面板中，位于阵列基板和彩膜基板之间或集成在阵列基板中。
根据本公开的一个实施列，所述显示装置还包括OLED面板，所述防窥装置设置在所述OLED面板中。
根据本公开的另一方面的实施列，提出一种防窥装置的制作方法，包括：提供承载基板；在承载基板上形成一层透明绝缘本体；
在透明绝缘本体中形成多个凹部，每个凹部包括在远离承载基板的方向上远离彼此倾斜的两个侧壁；沿着透明绝缘本体的凹部形成多个透明的第二电极，每个第二电极包括覆盖对应的凹部的侧壁的第二电极侧壁部；在形成有第二电极的凹部中注入电泳液；在透明绝缘本体上覆盖透明基板，以在所述绝缘本体和第二电极与透明基板之间限定封闭空间，使得电泳液被封装在所述封闭空间中，其中，所述透明基板上形成有多个第一电极，每个第一电极位于对应的凹部中且与凹部的两个侧壁间隔开；其中，所述电泳液中包括反射性带电粒子，所述反射性带电粒子适于在第一电极和第二电极间施加第一电场时附着到第二电极上，以形成防窥模式；且在第一电极和第二电极间施加与第一电场极性相反的第二电场时附着到第一电极上，以形成非防窥模式。
根据本公开的一个实施列，相邻的两个第二电极中的一个第二电极的第二电极侧壁部的底端和另一个第二电极的靠近所述一个第二电极的第二电极侧壁部的第二电极侧壁部的顶端的连接线与基板的法线之间的角度α满足如下关系式：0°＜α≤θ，其中，θ为预设的出射光与所述透明基板的法线之间的最大角度。
根据本公开的一个实施列，所述制作方法还包括在形成透明基板之后剥离承载基板的步骤。
根据本公开的另一方面的实施列，提出一种防窥装置，包括：透明基板；在基板上的多个第一电极；在基板上的透明的绝缘本体，所述绝缘本体具有与所述第一电极一一对应的多个通孔，所述第一电极位于所述通孔中，且所述通孔的沿平行于所述透明基板的平面的截面的面积沿着远离基板的方向渐缩；多个透明的第二电极，形成在绝缘本体的通孔处，以部分地围绕所述第一电极；其中，在第二电极和基板之间限定有封闭空间，在所述封闭空间中容纳电泳液，所述电泳液中包括反射性带电粒子，所述反射性带电粒子适于在第一电极和第二电极间施加第一电场时附着到第二电极上。
为了使本公开的目的、特征及优点能更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本公开作进一步说明。
附图说明
图1A是根据本公开的一个实施例的防窥装置的防窥状态的截面示意图；
图1B是图1A中所示的防窥装置的绝缘本体的凹部的一种实施例的示意俯视图；
图1C是图1A中所示的防窥装置的绝缘本体的凹部的另一种实施例的示意俯视图；
图1D是图1A所示的防窥装置的防窥状态的另一截面示意图；
图1E是图1A所示的防窥装置的非防窥状态的截面示意图；
图1F是图1A所示的防窥装置的非防窥状态的另一截面示意图；
图1G是图1A所示的防窥装置的电场切换装置的一个示例的示意图；
图1H示出如图1A所示的防窥装置的绝缘本体的凹部的尺寸的示意图；
图2示出了对图1A所示的防窥装置的防窥效果模拟检测的结果。
图3是图1A-1F所示的防窥装置的一个变形的实施例的防窥装置的截面示意图。
图4A-4F是示出根据本公开的一个实施例的制作图1A所示的防窥装置的制作过程的示意图；
图5A-5C是根据本公开的另一个实施例的防窥装置的截面示意图；
图6是图5A-5C所示的防窥装置的一个变形的实施例的防窥装置的截面示意图。
图7是根据本公开的一个实施例的显示装置的结构示意图；
图8是根据本公开的另一个实施例的显示装置的结构示意图；以及
图9是根据本公开的另一个实施例的显示装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下，将参照附图来描述本公开的实施例。但是应该理解，这些描述只是示例性的，而并非要限制本公开的范围。此外，在以下说明中，省略了对公知结构和技术的描述，以避免不必要地混淆本公开的概念。
在附图中示出了根据本公开实施例的各种结构示意图。这些图并非是按比例绘制的，其中为了清楚表达的目的，放大了某些细节，并且可能省略了某些细节。图中所示出的各种区域、层的形状以及它们之间的相对大小、位置关系仅是示例性的，实际中可能由于制造公差或技术限制而有所偏差，并且本领域技术人员根 据实际所需可以另外设计具有不同形状、大小、相对位置的区域/层。
在本公开的上下文中，当将一层/元件称作位于另一层/元件“上”时，该层/元件可以直接位于该另一层/元件上，或者它们之间可以存在居中层/元件。另外，如果在一种朝向中一层/元件位于另一层/元件“上”，那么当调转朝向时，该层/元件可以位于该另一层/元件“下”。
图1A是根据本公开的一个实施例的防窥装置100的防窥状态的截面示意图。如图1A所示，防窥装置100从入光侧A到出光侧B依次包括基板110、在基板110上的多个第一电极120、在基板110上的绝缘本体130(需要说明的是“在……上”指两者的位置关系，而不一定意味着绝缘本体130固定或形成在基板110上)和多个第二电极140。基板110、第一电极120、绝缘本体130和第二电极140均由透明材料制成。基板110例如为玻璃基板。绝缘本体130例如可以由感光性聚酰亚胺、PC(聚碳酸酯)、PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)等材料制成。第一电极120和第二电极140例如由ITO等透明导电材料制成。可选地，防窥装置100还包括透明盖板180，以保护第二电极140。
多个第一电极120例如以条状平行排列在基板110上。绝缘本体130具有沿着第一电极120的长度方向延伸的多个凹部131，每个凹部131的与该长度方向垂直的横截面的宽度沿着远离基板110的方向渐缩。凹部131的朝向基板110的一端开口，第一电极120位于所述开口中。凹部131的远离基板110的一端可以封闭或打开。在打开的情况下，凹部的形式为一通孔。在图1A所示的实施例中，凹部131的远离基板110的一端封闭。在这种情况下，当透明盖板180剥离之后，绝缘本体130可以保护第二电极140，防窥结构稳定性更好。
参见图1B，多个凹部131在基板110上的投影可以以矩阵的形式排列，每一个凹部可以是截头锥状、锥体状，并且凹部131的沿平行于基板110的平面的截面的形状可以是椭圆形、圆形，诸 如四边形、六边形、八边形等的多边形。凹部131的沿平行于基板110的平面的截面的面积沿着远离基板110的方向渐缩。
作为选择，如图1C所示，多个凹部131在基板110上的投影可以大致相互平行并且可以沿基板110的高度方向(基板110竖直放置时)延伸。凹部131的沿平行于基板110的平面的截面的面积沿着远离基板110的方向渐缩，或者凹部131的沿垂直于基板110的平面的横截面的宽度沿着远离基板110的方向渐缩。
多个第二电极140分别沿绝缘本体110的凹部131形成，例如，每个第二电极140包括覆盖凹部131的两个侧壁131a的第二电极侧壁部141，且每个第二电极140部分地围绕第一电极120。在绝缘本体130和第二电极140与基板110之间限定有封闭空间150，在封闭空间150中容纳电泳液151，所述电泳液中包括反射性带电粒子152。第二电极140可以延伸到基板110上以与基板110之间形成密封，或者也可以不延伸到基板110，而凹部130的侧壁130a与基板110之间形成密封。第一电极120和第二电极140通过引线连接到电源160。反射性带电粒子152适于在第一电极120和第二电极140间施加第一电场时附着到第二电极140上。反射性带电粒子152例如为Ag粒子、Al粒子等金属粒子，电泳液151例如为碘化银、氯化银等电镀溶液。
当在第一电极120和第二电极140间施加第一电场，例如第二电极140加低电位，第一电极120加高电位时，反射性带电粒子152在电场的作用下附着到第二电极140上。图1A示出了反射性带电粒子152附着到第二电极140上的状态。在这种状态下，如图1A所示，来自入光侧A的扩散角为α1的光束照射到第二电极140上，被附着到第二电极140上的反射性带电粒子152反射后，在出光侧B收敛，观看效果如同以较小的扩散角α2出射的光束，从而形成窄视角的防窥模式，能够实现防窥效果，防止个人信息或隐私泄漏。同时，在防窥模式下，由于更多的光线被反射性带电粒子152反射后集中于正视方向(基板110的法线方向)，能够提升正视方向的亮度，从而解决了采用防窥膜的情况下正视方向的亮度降低的问题，提升了用户体检。
需要说明的是，如图1D所示，在防窥模式下，即使有部分光线R照射到第二电极140下侧，则这部分光线R经过多次反射后最终也会以窄视角以出射光线R1出射，不会影响防窥效果。图1D示出了在防窥装置入光侧的反射元件190。例如，反射元件190可以是LCD显示装置的背光单元中的反射元件或OLED显示装置中的反射元件。
另一方面，如图1E所示，当在第一电极120和第二电极140间施加第二电场，例如第二电极140加高电位，第一电极120加低电位时，反射性带电粒子152在电场的作用下附着到第一电极120上。图1E示出了反射性带电粒子152附着到第一电极120上的状态。在这种状态下，如图1E所示，来自入光侧A的扩散角为α1的光束照射到第二电极140上，并透过透明的第二电极在出光侧正常出射，在出光侧B处，光线的扩散角仍为α1，从而形成宽视角的非防窥模式，以实现宽视角显示，提升用户观看体验。
需要说明的是，如图1F所示，在非防窥模式下，即使有部分光线R照射到第一电极120下侧，则这部分光线R经过反射后最终也会以宽视角以出射光线R1出射，不会影响宽视角显示效果。图1F示出了在防窥装置入光侧的反射元件190。例如，反射元件190可以是LCD显示装置的背光单元中的反射元件或OLED显示装置中的反射元件。
根据一个示例的实施例，如图1A和1E所示，防窥装置100还包括切换装置170，与第一电极120和第二电极140电连接。切换装置170例如可以是桥式极性反转开关电路，用于改变施加到第一电极120和第二电极140之间的电场的方向。
如图1A所示，当切换装置170处于第一工作状态时在第一电极120和第二电极140间施加第一电场，使得反射性带电粒子152附着到第二电极140上，从而形成防窥模式。相反，如图1E所示，当切换装置170处于第二工作状态时在第一电极120和第二电极140间施加与第一电场方向相反的第二电场，使得带电粒子152附着到第一电极120上，从而形成非防窥模式。
图1G示出了图1A所示的切换装置170的一个示例的示意图。如图1G所示，切换装置170包括四个开关SW1、SW2、SW3和SW4，当开关SW2和SW3断开，开关SW1和SW4接通时，第二电极140接正电极，第一电极120接负极；当SW1和SW4断开，SW2和SW3接通时，第二电极140接负电极，第一电极120接正极。因此，通过设置各个开关的开关状态，可以改变施加到第一电极120和第二电极140之间的电场的方向。
如此，根据该实施例的防窥装置，能够通过切换装置170在防窥模式和非防窥模式之间自由切换，满足用户在不同使用场景下的使用需求，提高用户使用便利性。
根据一个具体的实施例，如图1A所示，凹部131的两个侧壁131a具有平面。凹部131和基板110之间限定等腰梯形截面。即，第二电极140和基板110限定的封闭空间150沿垂直于基板的平面具有等腰梯形截面。每个第二电极140包括覆盖凹部131的两个侧壁131a的第二电极侧壁部141和在远离基板110的一端连接两个第二电极侧壁部141的第二电极连接部142。也就是说，第二电极侧壁部141构成等腰梯形的腰，第二电极连接部142构成等腰梯形的上底，基板110的位于凹部131中的部分构成等腰梯形的下底。因为第二电极140具有等腰梯形截面，第二电极的第二电极侧壁部141能够具有较大的倾斜度，从而能够在防窥模式下将更多的光线反射到正视方向(即基板110的法线方向)，提升正视方向的亮度，从而，解决了采用防窥膜的情况下正视方向的亮度降低的问题，提升了用户体检。
图1H示出根据本公开的一个实施例的如图1A所示的绝缘本体130的凹部131的尺寸的示意图。为了便于图示，省略了第一电极120、电泳液151和反射性带电粒子152的图示。如图1H所示，为了保证预定扩散角度(例如30度)范围以外的入射光线都能被反射修正，以将出射光角度限制到预定角度范围以内，凹部131的尺寸设计需要使得形成在其上的第二电极140之间满足如下关系式：
0°＜α≤θ                (1)
其中上，α为相邻的两个第二电极140a和140b中的一个第二电极140a的第二电极侧壁部141a的底端和另一个第二电极140b的靠近第二电极侧壁部141a的第二电极侧壁部141b的顶端的连接线L与基板110的法线Z之间形成的角度，θ为预设的出射光R1与基板110的法线Z之间的最大角度。
例如，根据需要可以将θ设为30度。这样，当0°＜α≤30°时，可以保证在防窥模式下入射角度在30度以外的入射光线R都能够通过第二电极侧壁部141被反射修正，从而将出射光R1朝向正视角度反射，实现防窥效果。本领域技术人员应当理解，θ可以根据需要设定为更大或更小的角度。在θ角的范围内，α角度越小，中心亮度提升越多，防窥效果越好。
根据公式(1)，可以对凹部131的尺寸以及间距进行具体设计。如图1H所示，根据几何关系，等腰梯形截面的底角β满足公式(2)：
β＞(90-α)°     (2)
在0°＜α≤30°的情况下，60°≤β＜90°；
等腰梯形截面的高度H和凹部131(等腰梯形截面)的顶端之间的间距P1满足如下关系式(3)：
P1＝H*tan(α)+H*tan(90-β)     (3)
等腰梯形截面的高度H和凹部131(等腰梯形截面)的底端之间的间距P2满足如下关系式(4)：
P2＝H*tan(α)-H*tan(90-β)      (4)
根据以上公式，例如，假定H＝10μm，α＝30°，β＝75°，则P2＝3.1μm P1＝8.5μm。从而，可以具体设计防窥装置的尺寸，以实现预期的防窥效果。
根据一个具体的示例，为了满足上述关系式(1)-(4)，并综合考虑工艺和设计需要，如图1H所示，等腰梯形截面的底角β可以选择为大约在60°和90°之间(大于或等于60°并且小于90°)。等腰梯形截面的高度H可以设置为大约10μm，凹部131(等腰梯形截面)的顶端之间的间距P1可以设置为大约8.5μm。 另外，为了设计方便，等腰梯形截面的底边长W可以设计为等于凹部131(等腰梯形截面)的顶端之间的间距P1，例如选择为大约8.5μm。等腰梯形截面的底边长W对光线出射角度影响不大，也可以采用其它尺寸。
图2示出了对采用图1A所示的防窥装置的显示面板的防窥效果进行模拟检测的结果。采用模拟软件(Lighttool)建立模型并进行检测。如图2所示，横座标表示角度值，0度表示正视方向，纵座标表示亮度值。“75-30-10”表示β角为75度，α角为30度，H为10μm时在显示面板的出光侧的亮度分布曲线；“80-20-10”表示β角为80度，α角为20度，H为10μm时在显示面板的出光侧的亮度分布曲线；“80-15-10”表示β角为80度，α角为15度，H为10μm时在显示面板的出光侧的亮度分布曲线；“NO”表示未加防窥装置时在显示面板的出光侧的亮度分布曲线。从图2可以看出，“80-15-10”相对“No”表示的未加防窥装置的显示面板的出射光角度收敛到30°以内，中心角度的亮度提升近2倍。
图3是图1A所示的防窥装置的一个变形的实施例的防窥装置100’的截面示意图。该实施例与如图1A所示的实施例的不同之处在于，凹部131’具有不规则等腰梯形截面，具体地，凹部131’的两个侧壁131a’具有向凹部的内部凹入的凹弧面形状。相应地，形成在凹部131’上的第二电极140’和基板110限定的封闭空间150’具有不规则等腰梯形截面。根据该实施例的防窥装置，同样可以实现防窥功能，并且在防窥模式下能够更好地提高正视角度的亮度。该实施例的其它方面与图1A所示的实施例相同，在此不再赘述。
图4A-4F是示出根据本公开的一个实施例的图1A所示的防窥装置的制作过程的示意图。
如图4A所示，首先，提供承载基板(盖板)180，并在承载基板180上形成一层透明绝缘本体130。承载基板180例如为玻璃基板。绝缘本体130例如通过在承载基板180上涂布感光性聚酰亚胺树脂而形成。
如图4B所示，在透明绝缘本体130中形成条状延伸的多个凹部131，每个凹部131包括在远离承载基板180的方向上远离彼此倾斜的两个侧壁131a。可选地，通过光刻工艺对感光树脂制成的绝缘本体130进行图案化，以制作各个凹部131。根据绝缘本体130的材质，也可以通过模压等工艺制作凹部131，本公开对此不作限制。
如图4C所示，沿着透明绝缘本体130的凹部131形成多个透明的第二电极140。具体地，例如通过蒸镀在透明绝缘本体130上沉积一层ITO电极层，然后通过光刻工艺对ITO电极层进行图案化，以制作沿各个凹部131延伸的多个第二电极140。每个第二电极140包括覆盖对应的凹部131的两个侧壁131a的第二电极侧壁部141。如图4C所示，在凹部131具有等腰梯形截面的情况下，每个第二电极140还包括形成在凹部131的底部，即形成在绝缘本体130上的第二电极连接部142，第二电极连接部142连接两个第二电极侧壁部141。
如图4D所示，在形成有第二电极140的凹部131中注入电泳液151。可选地，所述电泳液为含反射性带电粒子152的溶液，例如碘化银、氯化银等溶液。然后，在透明绝缘本体130上覆盖透明基板110，以在第二电极140和基板110之间限定封闭空间150，使得电泳液151被封装在所述封闭空间150中。所述基板110上预先形成有多个透明的条状第一电极120，每个第一电极120位于对应的凹部131中且与凹部131的两个侧壁131a上的第二电极140间隔开，从而，每个第二电极140部分地围绕第一电极120。如此，得到倒置的如图1A所示的防窥装置100。
虽然图中末示出，本领域技术人员可以理解，在制作第二电极140时，可以同时制作将第二电极140引出的第二引出线。基板110上也可以预先制作将第一电极120引出的第一引出线。这样，就可以通过第一引出线和第二引出线将第一电极120和第二电极140连接到外接电源(例如图1A所示的电源160)，以便在第一电极120和第二电极140之间施加电场。可选地，还可以在第一 电极120和第二电极140之间连接一切换装置(参见如图1A所示的切换装置170)，以对电场的方向进行切换。
可选地，如图4E所示，在用基板110封装好电泳液151后，可以将防窥装置100的承载基板180从绝缘本体130剥离。
接着，如图4F所示，将防窥装置100反转。然后，在将防窥装置100集成在显示装置中的情况下，还可以将防窥装置100作为基板，继续在其上制作像素结构等其它元件。
在使用时，如图4F所示的防窥装置100的下侧，即基板110的一侧为入光侧A，防窥装置100的上侧为出光侧B。如图1A所示，当来自入光侧A的光线照射到防窥装置100时，电泳液中151的反射性带电粒子152在第一电极120和第二电极140间施加第一电场时附着到第二电极140上，以形成防窥模式。如图1D所示，在第一电极120和第二电极140间施加与第一电场极性相反的第二电场时电泳液151中的反射性带电粒子152附着到第一电极120上，以形成非防窥模式。
根据本公开的方法制作的防窥装置，能够在防窥模式和非防窥模式之间自由切换，满足用户在不同使用场景下的使用需求，提高用户便利性；同时在防窥模式下能够提升正视角度的亮度，解决了采用防窥膜的情况下正视方向亮度降低的问题，提升用户体检。
以上示出了制作防窥装置100的方法的一个示例性实施例。本领域技术人员应当理解，也可以通过其它工艺制作防窥装置100，本公开对此不作限制。
图5A是根据本公开的另一个实施例的防窥装置200的截面示意图。如图5A所示，防窥装置200从入光侧A到出光侧B依次包括基板210、多个第一电极220、绝缘本体230和多个第二电极240。基板210、第一电极220、绝缘本体230和第二电极240均由透明材料制成。可选地，防窥装置200还包括透明盖板280，以保护第二电极240。
多个第一电极220例如以条状平行排列在基板210上。绝缘本体230具有沿着第一电极220的长度方向延伸的多个凹部231，每 个凹部231的与该长度方向垂直的横截面的宽度沿着远离基板210的方向渐缩。多个第二电极240分别形成在绝缘本体210的凹部231上，以部分地围绕第一电极220。在第二电极240和基板210之间限定有封闭空间250，在封闭空间250中容纳电泳液251，所述电泳液中包括反射性带电粒子252。第一电极220和第二电极240通过引线连接到电源260。反射性带电粒子252适于在第一电极220和第二电极240间施加第一电场时附着到第二电极240上。
当在第一电极220和第二电极240间施加第一电场，例如第二电极240加低电位，第一电极220加高电位时，反射性带电粒子252在电场的作用下附着到第二电极240上。图5A示出了反射性带电粒子252附着到第二电极240上的状态。在这种状态下，如图5A所示，来自入光侧A的扩散角为α1的光束照射到第二电极240上，被附着到第二电极240上的反射性带电粒子252反射后，在出光侧B收敛，以扩散角α2射出，从而形成窄视角的防窥模式，能够实现防窥效果，防止个人信息或隐私泄漏。
另一方面，如图5B所示，当在第一电极220和第二电极240间施加第二电场，例如第二电极240加高电位，第一电极220加低电位时，反射性带电粒子252在电场的作用下附着到第一电极220上。图5B示出了反射性带电粒子252附着到第一电极220上的状态。在这种状态下，如图5B所示，来自入光侧A的扩散角为α1的光束照射到第二电极240上，并透过透明的第二电极240在出光侧正常出射，在出光侧B处，光线的扩散角仍为α1，从而形成宽视角的非防窥模式，以实现宽视角显示，提升用户观看体验。
根据该实施例，防窥装置200也可以包括切换装置270，以通过切换装置270在防窥模式和非防窥模式之间自由切换，满足用户在不同使用场景下的使用需求，提高用户使用便利性。
该实施例与如图1A-1E所示的实施例的一个不同之处在于，凹部231和基板210之间限定等腰三角形截面。即，第二电极240和基板210限定的封闭空间250沿垂直于基板的平面具有等腰三角形截面。每个第二电极240仅包括覆盖凹部231的两个侧壁的第二电极侧壁部241，两个第二电极侧壁部241直接连接在一起。 根据该实施例的防窥装置，同样可以实现防窥功能，并且在防窥模式下能够提高正视角度的亮度。
图5C示出根据本公开的一个实施例的如图5A所示的绝缘本体230的凹部231的尺寸的示意图。为了便于图示，省略了第一电极220、电泳液251和反射性带电粒子252的图示。如图5C所示，为了保证预定扩散角度(例如30度)范围以外的入射光线都能被反射修正，以将出射光角度限制到预定角度范围以内，凹部231的尺寸设计需要使得形成在其上的第二电极240之间满足如下关系式：
0°＜α≤θ             (1)
其中上，α为相邻的两个第二电极240a和240b中的一个第二电极240a的第二电极侧壁部241a的底端和另一个第二电极240b的靠近第二电极侧壁部241a的第二电极侧壁部241b的顶端的连接线L与基板210的法线Z之间形成的角度，θ为预设的出射光R1与基板210的法线Z之间的最大角度。
例如，根据需要可以将θ设为30度。这样，当0°＜α≤30°时，可以保证在防窥模式下入射角度在30度以外的入射光线R都能够通过第二电极侧壁部241被反射修正，从而将出射光R1朝向正视方向反射，实现防窥效果。本领域技术人员应当理解，θ可以根据需要设定为更大或更小的角度。
在满足上述关系式(1)的情况下，凹部231的尺寸以及间距可以结合具体工艺条件来设定。根据一个具体的示例，等腰三角形截面的底角β可以选择为大约在60°和90°之间(大于或等于60°并且小于90°)，等腰三角形截面的高度H可以设置为大约10μm，凹部231(等腰三角形截面)的顶端之间的间距P1可以设置为大约8.5μm。等腰三角形截面的底边长W可以设计为等于凹部231(等腰三角形截面)的顶端之间的间距P1。
该实施例的其它方面与图1A-1E所示的实施例相同，在此不再赘述。
图6示出了图5A-5C所示的实施例的一个变形的实施例的防窥装置200’。该实施例与如图5A-5C所示的实施例的不同之处在于， 凹部231’具有不规则等腰三角形截面，具体地，凹部231’的两个侧壁231a’具有向凹部的内部凹入的凹弧面形状。相应地，形成在凹部231’上的第二电极240’和基板210限定的封闭空间250’具有不规则等腰三角形截面。根据该实施例的防窥装置，同样可以实现防窥功能，并且在防窥模式下能够更好地提高正视角度的亮度。该实施例的其它方面与图5A-5C所示的实施例相同，在此不再赘述。
本公开另一方面的实施例提供一种显示装置，包括前述任一实施例所述的防窥装置。所示显示装置可以为显示面板、监视器、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、移动电话、数码相框、个人数字助理、导航仪等具有显示功能的产品或部件。
图7是根据本公开的一个示例实施例的显示装置300的结构示意图。如图7所示，显示装置300为LCD显示装置，包括背光单元301、防窥装置302和LCD面板303。防窥装置302设置在背光单元301和LCD面板303之间。具体地，背光单元301、防窥装置302和LCD面板303之间可以通过光学透明胶粘贴在一起。
根据上述显示装置的实施例，在防窥模式下，从背光单元301发出的具有宽视角a1的光线经防窥装置收敛后从LCD面板出光侧以窄视角a2出射，实现了防窥效果。在防窥的同时，还提高了正视角度的亮度。在防窥装置302配备切换装置的情况下，还能够实现在防窥模式和非防窥模式之间的自由切换，满足用户在不同使用场景下的使用需求。
图8是根据本公开的一个示例实施例的显示装置400的结构示意图。如图8所示，显示装置400为LCD显示装置，包括背光单元401和LCD面板402，防窥装置4022集成在LCD面板402中。具体地，防窥装置4022可以位于LCD面板402的阵列基板4021和彩膜基板4023之间。
作为另一种实施方式，防窥装置4022可以集成在阵列基板4021内部。例如，可以先制作如图1A所示的防窥装置，然后将其作为基板在其上继续制作阵列基板4021的像素结构等元件，然后将阵列基板4021与彩膜基板4023对盒在一起。
根据上述显示装置的各实施例，在防窥模式下，从背光单元401发出的具有宽视角a1的光线经防窥装置4022收敛后从LCD面板出光侧以窄视角a2出射，实现了防窥效果。在防窥的同时，还提高了正视角度的亮度。在防窥装置4022配备切换装置的情况下，还能够实现在防窥模式和非防窥模式之间的自由切换，满足用户在不同使用场景下的使用需求。
图9是根据本公开的另一个示例实施例的显示装置500的结构示意图。如图9所示，显示装置500为OLED显示装置，包括白光OLED显示基板501、防窥装置502和彩膜基板503。防窥装置502设置在显示基板501和彩膜基板503之间。作为另一种实施方式，防窥装置502可以集成在显示基板501的内部。
根据上述显示装置的实施例，在防窥模式下，从显示基板501发出的具有宽视角a1的光线经防窥装置502收敛后从OLED显示面板的出光侧以窄视角a2出射，实现了防窥效果。在防窥的同时，还提高了正视角度的亮度。在防窥装置502配备切换装置的情况下，还能够实现在防窥模式和非防窥模式之间的自由切换，满足用户在不同使用场景下的使用需求。
作为另一种实施例，防窥装置502可以用于没有彩膜基板503的OLED显示装置。这种情况下，白光OLED显示基板501替换成彩色OLED显示基板。
根据上述各实施例的显示装置，只要将防窥装置设置在彩膜基板的入光侧，则实际上防窥装置的设置位置不受限制。另外，根据上述各实施例的显示装置，由于防窥装置集成在显示装置中，能够与显示装置同时携带和使用，与需要单独携带防窥膜的情况相比，提高了用户便利性。
上述实施例仅示例性的说明了本公开的原理及构造，而非用于限制本公开，本领域的技术人员应明白，在不偏离本公开的总体构思的情况下，对本公开所作的任何改变和改进都在本公开的范围内。本公开的保护范围，应如本申请的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种防窥装置，包括：
    透明基板；
    在所述透明基板上的多个第一电极；
    在所述透明基板上的透明的绝缘本体，所述绝缘本体具有与所述第一电极一一对应的多个凹部，所述凹部的开口朝向所述透明基板，所述第一电极位于所述凹部中，且所述凹部的沿平行于所述透明基板的平面的截面的面积沿着远离所述透明基板的方向渐缩；
    多个透明的第二电极，每个第二电极包括覆盖凹部的侧壁的第二电极侧壁部；
    其中，所述绝缘本体和所述第二电极与所述透明基板之间限定封闭空间，在所述封闭空间中容纳电泳液，所述电泳液中包括反射性带电粒子，所述反射性带电粒子适于在第一电极和第二电极间施加第一电场时附着到第二电极上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的防窥装置，其中，
    所述的防窥装置还包括：切换装置，与所述第一电极和第二电极电连接，所述切换装置设置为当所述切换装置处于第一工作状态时在第一电极和第二电极间施加第一电场，使得所述反射性带电粒子附着到第二电极上，在第二工作状态时在第一电极和第二电极间施加与第一电场方向相反的第二电场，使得所述带电粒子附着到第一电极上。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的防窥装置，其中，所述凹部的两个侧壁具有平面。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的防窥装置，其中，相邻的两个第二电极中的一个第二电极的第二电极侧壁部的底端和另一个第二电极的靠近所述一个第二电极的第二电极侧壁部的第二电极侧壁部的顶端的连接线与所述透明基板的法线之间的角度α满足如下关系式：
    0°＜α≤θ，其中，θ为预设的出射光与所述透明基板的法线之间的最大角度。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的防窥装置，其中，所述θ的值为30度。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的防窥装置，其中，在第二电极和所述透明基板之间限定的封闭空间沿垂直于所述透明基板的平面具有等腰梯形截面，所述第二电极还包括在远离所述透明基板的一端连接两个第二电极侧壁部的第二电极连接部。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的防窥装置，其中，在第二电极和所述透明基板之间限定的封闭空间沿垂直于所述透明基板的平面具有等腰三角形截面，所述第二电极的两个第二电极侧壁部直接连接在一起。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的防窥装置，其中，所述等腰梯形截面的底角大于或等于60°并且小于90°。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的防窥装置，其中，所述等腰三角形截面的底角大于或等于60°并且小于90°。
  10. 如权利要求1或2所述的防窥装置，其中，所述凹部的侧壁具有向所述凹部的内部凹入的凹弧面形状。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的防窥装置，其中，相邻的两个第二电极中的一个第二电极的第二电极侧壁部的底端和另一个第二电极的靠近所述一个第二电极的第二电极侧壁部的第二电极侧壁部的顶端的连接线与所述透明基板的法线之间的角度α满足如下关系式：
    0°＜α≤θ，其中，θ为预设的出射光与所述透明基板的法线之间的最大角度。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的防窥装置，其中，所述凹部的沿平行于所述透明基板的平面的截面具有椭圆形或多边形的形状。
  13. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求1-12任一项所述的防窥装置。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置还包括彩膜基板，所述防窥装置设置在彩膜基板的入光侧。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置还包括LCD面板和背光单元，所述防窥装置设置在LCD面板和背光单元之间。
  16. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置还包括LCD面板和背光单元，所述防窥装置集成在所述LCD面板中，位于阵列基板和彩膜基板之间或集成在阵列基板中。
  17. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置还包括OLED面板，所述防窥装置设置在OLED面板中集。
  18. 一种防窥装置的制作方法，包括：
    提供承载基板；
    在承载基板上形成一层透明绝缘本体；
    在透明绝缘本体中形成多个凹部，每个凹部包括在远离承载基板的方向上远离彼此倾斜的两个侧壁；
    沿着透明绝缘本体的凹部形成多个透明的第二电极，每个第二电极包括覆盖对应的凹部的侧壁的第二电极侧壁部；
    在形成有第二电极的凹部中注入电泳液；
    在透明绝缘本体上覆盖透明基板，以在所述绝缘本体和第二电极与透明基板之间限定封闭空间，使得电泳液被封装在所述封闭空间中，其中，所述透明基板上形成有多个第一电极，每个第一电极位于对应的凹部中且与凹部的两个侧壁间隔开；
    其中，所述电泳液中包括反射性带电粒子，所述反射性带电粒子适于在第一电极和第二电极间施加第一电场时附着到第二电极上，以形成防窥模式；且在第一电极和第二电极间施加与第一电场极性相反的第二电场时附着到第一电极上，以形成非防窥模式。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的防窥装置的制作方法，其中，
    相邻的两个第二电极中的一个第二电极的第二电极侧壁部的底端和另一个第二电极的靠近所述一个第二电极的第二电极侧壁部的第二电极侧壁部的顶端的连接线与透明基板的法线之间的角度α满足如下关系式：
    0°＜α≤θ，其中，θ为预设的出射光与所述透明基板的法线之间的最大角度。
  20. 如权利要求18所述的防窥装置的制作方法，其中，还包括在形成透明基板之后剥离承载基板的步骤。
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