WO2019062125A1 - 显示装置 - Google Patents

显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019062125A1
WO2019062125A1 PCT/CN2018/086022 CN2018086022W WO2019062125A1 WO 2019062125 A1 WO2019062125 A1 WO 2019062125A1 CN 2018086022 W CN2018086022 W CN 2018086022W WO 2019062125 A1 WO2019062125 A1 WO 2019062125A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
driving unit
region
driving
display device
area
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/086022
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈心全
朱修剑
葛明伟
王峥
朱雪婧
Original Assignee
昆山国显光电有限公司
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Application filed by 昆山国显光电有限公司 filed Critical 昆山国显光电有限公司
Publication of WO2019062125A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019062125A1/zh
Priority to US16/568,275 priority Critical patent/US11527558B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
    • H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
    • H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
    • H01L27/1255—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs integrated with passive devices, e.g. auxiliary capacitors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0465—Improved aperture ratio, e.g. by size reduction of the pixel circuit, e.g. for improving the pixel density or the maximum displayable luminance or brightness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0819—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels used for counteracting undesired variations, e.g. feedback or autozeroing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
    • G09G2300/0861—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor with additional control of the display period without amending the charge stored in a pixel memory, e.g. by means of additional select electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/0243—Details of the generation of driving signals
    • G09G2310/0251—Precharge or discharge of pixel before applying new pixel voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
    • G09G3/3648—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of OLED technology, and in particular to a display device.
  • An organic light emitting diode (Organic Light Emitting Diode) device has advantages such as self-illumination, low driving voltage, high luminous efficiency, short response time, high definition and contrast, wide viewing angle, and flexible display and large-area full-color display. And is recognized by the industry as the most promising display technology.
  • Active Matrix OLEDs use thin film transistors with capacitors to store signals to control the brightness and grayscale of the OLED. Each individual OLED is electrically connected to a corresponding thin film transistor, thereby forming a matrix of pixels.
  • the array circuit formed by the thin film transistor determines the light emission of the pixel and determines the composition of the image.
  • the AMOLED has advantages such as being large-sized, more power-saving, high in resolution, and long in panel life, and is generally used as a large-sized display device with high definition.
  • the high-PPI AMOLED screen above the full HD in the prior art may have insufficient overall transmittance of the screen due to the large pixel density and the effective area of the transparent aperture of the pixel unit, thereby resulting in low sensitivity of the fingerprint recognition module.
  • the problem may have insufficient overall transmittance of the screen due to the large pixel density and the effective area of the transparent aperture of the pixel unit, thereby resulting in low sensitivity of the fingerprint recognition module. The problem.
  • the present invention provides a display device that is divided into a first region as a fingerprint recognition region and a second region as a display region, the The light transmittance of one region is greater than the light transmittance of the second region.
  • the light transmittance of the region corresponding to the fingerprint recognition module can be increased, and the sensitivity of the fingerprint recognition module can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a display device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first driving unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second driving unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an arrangement of a driving unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing another arrangement of a driving unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing still another arrangement of a driving unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing still another arrangement of the driving unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display device includes a display layer 10 and a drive layer 20, the display layer 10 is formed by a plurality of display units 11 arranged in an array, and the drive layers 20 are arranged in an array.
  • a plurality of drive units (described in detail later) are formed.
  • the drive units are electrically connected in one-to-one correspondence with the display unit 11 such that each display unit is independently driven by a separate drive unit to speed up the refresh rate upon scanning.
  • the display layer 10 and the driving layer 20 are stacked, and the light emitted from the display layer 10 can be emitted through the driving layer 20, that is, the display device is a bottom emission type display device, or can be emitted toward the opposite side of the side where the driving layer 20 is located, that is, displayed.
  • the device is a top emission type display device.
  • the present invention is not limited by the type of illumination of the display layer 10, and the type of illumination of the display layer 10 can be arbitrarily selected as needed.
  • the display unit 11 in the display layer 10 may be an organic electroluminescence unit, a liquid crystal cell, or a combination of an organic electroluminescence unit and a liquid crystal cell.
  • the display device includes a first area I as a fingerprint recognition area and a second area II as a display area.
  • first region I is located on the left side of the second region II and the sizes of both are the same in FIG. 1, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 1 is only used to schematically illustrate the present invention, and is not intended to clearly and proportionally show the positional relationship and dimensional relationship of the first region I and the second region II.
  • the positional relationship and the dimensional relationship of the first region I and the second region II can be appropriately changed.
  • the first region I may be located on the right side of the second region II in FIG. 1 or may be located at any suitable position relative to the second region II in plan view, and the size of the first region I may be smaller or larger than the second region.
  • the size of II is a display area.
  • a fingerprint recognition module (not shown) for recognizing a fingerprint is provided at a position corresponding to the first area I.
  • the fingerprint recognition module in the fingerprint recognition module may be disposed on the opposite side of the side of the drive layer 20 of the display layer 10.
  • the fingerprint recognition module may be disposed on the opposite side of the side of the display layer 10 of the drive layer 20.
  • the area corresponding to the fingerprint recognition module (ie, the first area I) is touched with a finger, and the finger interferes with the light at the area, so that the light reflected or scattered by the finger can carry the light.
  • the spatial image information of the finger is returned to the fingerprint recognition module, and then the fingerprint recognition module identifies the spatial image information and determines whether the spatial image information belongs to a user who is allowed to access.
  • the sensitivity of the fingerprint recognition module is crucial to the user experience, and the light transmittance has a significant effect on the sensitivity, that is, the greater the transmittance, the higher the sensitivity.
  • the effective area of the light transmission hole of the pixel unit In order to increase the light transmittance and further improve the sensitivity of the fingerprint recognition module, it is conceivable to increase the effective area of the light transmission hole of the pixel unit. However, this contradicts the trend of enlargement of the pixel density and miniaturization of the effective area of the light transmission hole of the pixel unit. Therefore, it is difficult to increase the light transmittance by increasing the effective area of the light transmission hole of the pixel unit.
  • the inventors have unexpectedly discovered through research that the driving unit in the region corresponding to the fingerprint recognition module (ie, the first region I) of the display layer 10 is changed without contradicting the above development trend.
  • the sensitivity of the fingerprint recognition module can be improved.
  • the display device according to the present invention is compared with the case where the first region and the second region of the display device are both constituted by the same driving unit as the driving unit in the second region II of the present invention.
  • the driving unit in one area I is not exactly the same as the driving unit in the second area II, so that the light transmittance of the first area I of the present invention is greater than the light transmittance of the first area of the above case.
  • the expression "the driving unit in the first region I is not identical to the driving unit in the second region II" means that the same driving unit as the second region II exists in the first region I. There is also a drive unit different from the second area II.
  • the driving unit in the driving layer 20 includes a first driving unit 21 and a second driving unit 22, wherein the structure of the first driving unit 21 is simpler than that of the second driving unit 22.
  • the expression "the structure of the first driving unit 21 is simpler than the structure of the second driving unit 22" means that the number of elements having light blocking properties constituting the first driving unit 21 is smaller than that of the second driving unit 22 The number of the light-blocking elements of the driving unit 22 is small, and the first driving unit 21 and the second driving unit 22 are substantially the same.
  • the driving unit is mainly composed of a thin film transistor and a capacitor
  • the expression “the structure of the first driving unit 21 is simpler than the structure of the second driving unit 22” mainly refers to the number of thin film transistors and capacitors constituting the first driving unit 21.
  • the number of thin film transistors and capacitors constituting the second driving unit 22 is smaller.
  • the light blocking element includes a source electrode, a drain electrode, a gate electrode, a capacitor electrode, and a wire.
  • the first driving unit 21 may include two thin film transistors and one capacitor (hereinafter referred to as 2T1C, where T represents a thin film transistor, C represents a capacitor; the same below), as shown in FIG.
  • the second driving unit 22 may include eight thin film transistors and one capacitor (hereinafter abbreviated as 8T1C).
  • the first driving unit 21 is simpler than the second driving unit 22, the first driving unit 21 can still illuminate at a normal timing without adjusting the scanning signal line and the data line.
  • data compensation may be separately performed on the first driving unit 21 in the first region I by driving of the chip to eliminate the influence of the simplification of the first driving unit 21 on the display effect.
  • the first driving unit 21 including 2T1C and the second driving unit 22 including 8T1C will be described as an example.
  • the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the first driving unit 21 may include 3T1C
  • the second driving unit 22 may include 9T1C
  • the first driving unit 21 may include 3T1C
  • the second driving unit 22 may include 8T1C.
  • the driving layer 20 corresponding to the first region I includes the first driving unit 21 and the second driving unit 22, and the driving layer 20 corresponding to the second region II includes only the second driving unit 22, and thus
  • the number ratio of the first driving unit 21 and the second driving unit 22 in the first region I is not particularly limited as long as the first driving unit 21 and the second driving unit 22 as driving units can achieve desired functions. However, although the number ratio may theoretically be zero, the number ratio is preferably not zero from the viewpoint of making the function of the driving unit sufficiently exerted.
  • the display device according to the present invention can be unaffected in the function of the driving unit and the resolution of the display area as compared with the case where both the first area and the second area of the display device are constituted by the second driving unit 22.
  • the light transmittance of the first region I is increased, thereby improving the sensitivity of the fingerprint recognition module.
  • the second driving unit 22 is included in the second region II, in addition to the second driving, from the viewpoints such as ease of preparation and cost reduction, etc., without affecting the function of the second region II
  • the second area II may further include a first driving unit 21.
  • the driving layer 20 includes a 4 ⁇ 8 driving unit
  • the driving layers 20 corresponding to the first area I and the second area II respectively include a 4 ⁇ 4 driving unit
  • the second area II includes only the second.
  • the drive unit 22 will be described as an example.
  • the expression similar to "x ⁇ y drive unit” means a drive unit of x rows and y columns unless otherwise stated.
  • the number of rows and the number of columns of the driving unit are not particularly limited, and for example, the driving layer 20 may include a 4 ⁇ 10 driving unit.
  • the number of rows and the number of columns of the driving cells in the first region I may be the same as or different from the number of rows and columns in the second region II.
  • the driving layer 20 includes a 4 ⁇ 8 driving unit
  • the first area I may include a 4 ⁇ 3 driving unit
  • the second area II may include a 4 ⁇ 5 driving unit.
  • the driving layer 20 corresponding to the first region I includes a 4 ⁇ 4 driving unit, wherein the four first driving units 21 are arranged in a first unit row (or a first unit column), and four The two driving units 22 are arranged in a second unit row (or second unit column), and the first unit row (or first cell row) and the second cell row (or second cell column) are alternately arranged.
  • the first driving unit 21 and the second driving unit 22 in the first region I are regularly arranged, and the first region I can be ensured while increasing the transmittance of the entire first region I. Uniform light transmission, which can improve the sensitivity of the fingerprint recognition module.
  • the difference from the manner shown in FIG. 4 is mainly that when the first driving units 21 are arranged in rows (or columns), the driving layers 20 corresponding to the first regions I are located in the same row (or At least one (preferably, not all) of the second drive units 22 of the column) is changed to the first drive unit 21. In this way, it is possible to ensure further uniform light transmission of the first region I while increasing the light transmittance of the entire first region I, thereby further improving the sensitivity of the fingerprint recognition module.
  • the first drive unit 21 and the second drive unit 22 are alternately arranged in the left-right direction and the up-and-down direction. In this way, it is possible to ensure a more uniform light transmission of the first region I while increasing the light transmittance of the entire first region I, thereby further improving the sensitivity of the fingerprint recognition module.
  • the four second driving units 22 are arranged in rows (or columns), and the remaining array positions in the driving layer 20 corresponding to the first region I are occupied by the first driving unit 21. In this manner, it is possible to ensure that the light transmittance of most of the region in the first region I that receives the light reflected or scattered by the finger is increased while increasing the light transmittance of the entire first region I, Thereby, the sensitivity of the fingerprint recognition module can be further improved.
  • the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly that the present embodiment adopts a method in which the light-blocking components (for example, thin film transistors and capacitors) constituting the first driving unit 21 are located on the plane of the driving layer 20.
  • the sum of the projected areas is smaller than the sum of the projected areas of the light-blocking elements constituting the second driving unit 22 on the plane of the driving layer 20.
  • the light transmittance of the first driving unit 21 is made larger than the light transmittance of the second driving unit 22, and the light transmittance of the entire first region I can be increased, so that the sensitivity of the fingerprint recognition module can be improved.
  • the ratio of the projected area of the first driving unit 21 to the projected area of the second driving unit 22 is not particularly limited as long as the light transmittance of the first area I is satisfied and does not affect the display effect of the display device of the present invention.
  • the function can be.
  • the ratio may be 1:2-3:4, preferably 1:2-5:8, more preferably 1:2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供一种显示装置，其被划分成作为指纹识别区域的第一区域和作为显示区域的第二区域，第一区域的透光率大于第二区域的透光率。根据本发明的显示装置，能够增大与指纹识别模组对应的区域的透光率，进而能够改善指纹识别模组的灵敏度。

Description

显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及OLED技术领域，具体地，涉及一种显示装置。
背景技术
有机发光二极管(Organic Light Emitting Diode)装置具有诸如自发光、驱动电压低、发光效率高、响应时间短、清晰度和对比度高、视角宽以及可实现柔性显示和大面积全色显示等的优点，并且被业界公认为是最有发展潜力的显示技术。
有源矩阵型OLED(Active Matrix OLED)利用薄膜晶体管搭配电容来存储信号，以控制OLED的亮度和灰阶。每个单独的OLED与对应的薄膜晶体管电连接，由此形成像素矩阵。由薄膜晶体管形成的阵列电路决定像素的发光情况，进而决定图像的构成。AMOLED具有诸如可大尺寸化、较省电、解析度高和面板寿命较长等的优点，通常用作具有高清晰度的大尺寸显示装置。
目前，随着信息产业的发展，诸如笔记本电脑、平板电脑、手机和游戏设备等的电子产品已经进入智能时代。由于指纹图案具有唯一性，为了提高电子产品的使用安全性和便捷性，很多电子产品都配备有指纹模识别模组，以加强设备的安全性和便捷性。
然而，现有技术中的全高清以上的高PPI AMOLED屏体会因像素密度大且像素单元的透光孔的有效面积小而造成屏体整体透光率不足，进而导致指纹识别模组的灵敏度低的问题。
发明内容
为了解决显示装置中的指纹模组的灵敏度低的问题，本发明提供一种显示装置，所述显示装置被划分成作为指纹识别区域的第一区域和作为显示区域的第二区域，所述第一区域的透光率大于所述第二区域的透光率。
根据本发明的显示装置，能够增大与指纹识别模组对应的区域的透光率，进而能够改善指纹识别模组的灵敏度。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的实施方式的显示装置的示意图；
图2是根据本发明的实施方式的第一驱动单元的结构示意图；
图3是根据本发明的实施方式的第二驱动单元的结构示意图；
图4是示出根据本发明的实施方式的驱动单元的排布方式的示意图；
图5是示出根据本发明的实施方式的驱动单元的另一排布方式的示意图；
图6是示出根据本发明的实施方式的驱动单元的又一排布方式的示意图；和
图7是示出根据本发明的实施方式的驱动单元的再一排布方式的示意图。
具体实施方式
在根据本发明的实施方式中，如图1所示，显示装置包括显示层10和驱动层20，显示层10由呈阵列排布的多个显示单元11形成，驱动层20由呈阵列排布的多个驱动单元(稍后将详细说明)形成。优选地，驱动单元与显示单元11一一对应地电连接，使得每个显示单元均由单独的驱动单元独立驱动，以在扫描时加快刷新速度。显示层10与驱动层20层叠设置，并且显示层10发出的光线能够透过驱动层20射出、即显示装置为底发光型显示装置，或者能够朝向驱动层20所在侧的相反侧射出、即显示装置为顶发光型显示装置。本发明不受显示层10的发光类型的限制，显示层10的发光类型可以根据需要任意选择。此外，显示层10中的显示单元11可以为有机电致发光单元、液晶单元或有机电致发光单元和液晶单元的组合。
如图1所示，显示装置包括作为指纹识别区域的第一区域I和作为显示区域的第二区域II。尽管在图1中，第一区域I位于第二区域II的左侧且两者的尺寸相同，但是本发明不限于此。应当理解，图1仅用于示意性地示出本发明，而非用于明确且等比例地示出第一区域I与第二区域II的位置关系和尺寸关系。换言之，第一区域I与第二区域II的位置关系和尺寸关系可以适当地改变。例如，第一区域I在图1中可以位于第二区域II的右侧或在平面图中可以相对于第二区域II位于任意适当的位置，并且第一区域I的尺寸可以小于或大于第二区域II的尺寸。
在与第一区域I对应的位置处设置有用于识别指纹的指纹识别模组(未示出)。当显示装置为底发光型显示装置时，指纹识别模组中的指纹识别模块可以设置在显示层10的驱动层20所在侧的相反侧。当显示装置为顶发光型显示装置时，指纹识别模块可以设置在驱动层20的显示层10所在侧的相反侧。
在进行指纹识别时，用手指触摸与指纹识别模组对应的区域(即，第一区域I)，此时手指会与该区域处的光发生干涉，使得被手指反射或散射的光能够携带该手指的空间图像信息返回到指纹识别模组，然后指纹识别模组识别该空间图像信息并判断该空间图像信息是否属于允许访问的使用者。
指纹识别模组的灵敏度对于用户体验至关重要，而透光率对灵敏度的影响非常显著，即透光率越大，灵敏度越高。为了增大透光率，进而提高指纹识别模组的灵敏度，可以考虑增大像素单元的透光孔的有效面积。然而，这与像素密度的大型化和像素单元的透光孔的有效面积的小型化这一发展趋势相矛盾。因此，难以通过增大像素单元的透光孔的有效面积来增大透光率。
鉴于此，本发明人通过研究意外地发现，在不与上述发展趋势相矛盾的情况下，通过改变显示层10的与指纹识别模组对应的区域(即，第一区域I)内的驱动单元来增大第一区域I的透光率，能够提高指纹识别模组的灵敏度。具体地，与显示装置的第一区域和第二区域均由彼此间相同且与本发明的第二区域II内的驱动单元相同的驱动单元构成的情况相比，根据本发明的显示装置的第一区域I内的驱动单元与第二区域II内的驱动单元 不完全相同，使得本发明的第一区域I的透光率大于上述情况的第一区域的透光率。在本发明中，除非另有说明，表述“第一区域I内的驱动单元与第二区域II内的驱动单元不完全相同”是指第一区域I内存在与第二区域II相同的驱动单元，同时还存在与第二区域II不同的驱动单元。
以下将借助于作为本发明的优选实施方式的第一实施方式和第二实施方式说明上述改变的方式。
第一实施方式
如图1所示，驱动层20中的驱动单元包括第一驱动单元21和第二驱动单元22，其中第一驱动单元21的结构比第二驱动单元22的结构简单。在本发明中，除非另有说明，表述“第一驱动单元21的结构比第二驱动单元22的结构简单”是指构成第一驱动单元21的具有阻光性的元件的数量比构成第二驱动单元22的具有阻光性的元件的数量少，除此以外，第一驱动单元21与第二驱动单元22基本相同。进一步地，由于驱动单元主要由薄膜晶体管和电容构成，所以表述“第一驱动单元21的结构比第二驱动单元22的结构简单”主要是指构成第一驱动单元21的薄膜晶体管和电容的数量比构成第二驱动单元22的薄膜晶体管和电容的数量少。再进一步地，具有阻光性的元件包括源电极、漏电极、栅极、电容电极和导线。
作为前述表述的示例，如图2所示，第一驱动单元21可以包括两个薄膜晶体管和一个电容(以下简称为2T1C，其中T代表薄膜晶体管，C代表电容；下同)，如图3所示，第二驱动单元22可以包括八个薄膜晶体管和一个电容(以下简称为8T1C)。尽管第一驱动单元21比第二驱动单元22简单，但是第一驱动单元21仍然能够在无需调整扫描信号线和数据线的情况 下按照正常时序进行点亮。另外，在显示装置的正常显示期间，可以通过芯片的驱动对第一区域Ⅰ内的第一驱动单元21单独进行数据补偿，以消除第一驱动单元21的简单化对显示效果的影响。
在以下说明中，以包括2T1C的第一驱动单元21和包括8T1C的第二驱动单元22作为示例进行说明。然而，本发明不限于此。例如，第一驱动单元21可以包括3T1C，第二驱动单元22可以包括9T1C，或者第一驱动单元21可以包括3T1C，第二驱动单元22可以包括8T1C。
当其它条件相同时，构成驱动单元的具有阻光性的元件(例如，薄膜晶体管和电容)的数量越少，驱动单元的透光率越高。因此，在本实施方式中，第一驱动单元21的透光率大于第二驱动单元22的透光率。
在本实施方式中，与第一区域I对应的驱动层20包括第一驱动单元21和第二驱动单元22，而与第二区域II对应的驱动层20仅包括第二驱动单元22，因此对于相同尺寸的第一区域I和第二区域II，第一区域I的透光率大于第二区域II的透光率，即第一区域I的透光率大于上述情况的第一区域的透光率。不特别限制第一区域I内的第一驱动单元21与第二驱动单元22的数量比，只要作为驱动单元的第一驱动单元21和第二驱动单元22能够实现所需的功能即可。然而，尽管在理论上该数量比可以为零，但是从使驱动单元的功能得以充分发挥的角度出发，该数量比优选不为零。
以这种方式，与显示装置的第一区域和第二区域均由第二驱动单元22构成的情况相比，根据本发明的显示装置能够在驱动单元的功能和显示区域的分辨率不受影响的同时，增大第一区域I的透光率，进而提高指纹识别模组的灵敏度。
尽管在本实施方式中，第二区域II内仅包括第二驱动单元22，但是从诸如容易制备和降低成本等的角度出发，在不影响第二区域II的功能的情况下，除了第二驱动单元22以外，第二区域II还可以包括第一驱动单元21。
以下将参照图4至图7说明与第一区域I对应的驱动层20中的驱动单元的示例性排布方式。在以下说明中，以驱动层20包括4×8的驱动单元、与第一区域Ⅰ和第二区域II对应的驱动层20分别包括4×4的驱动单元且第二区域II内仅包括第二驱动单元22作为示例进行说明。在本发明中，除非另有说明，类似于“x×y的驱动单元”的表述是指x行y列的驱动单元。不特别限制驱动单元的行数和列数，例如驱动层20可以包括4×10的驱动单元。此外，第一区域I内的驱动单元的行数和列数可以与第二区域II内的行数和列数相同或不同。例如，当驱动层20包括4×8的驱动单元时，第一区域I内可以包括4×3的驱动单元，第二区域II内可以包括4×5的驱动单元。
如图4所示，与第一区域Ⅰ对应的驱动层20包括4×4的驱动单元，其中4个第一驱动单元21排布成第一单元行(或第一单元列)，4个第二驱动单元22排布成第二单元行(或第二单元列)，并且第一单元行(或第一单元列)和第二单元行(或第二单元列)交替排布。以这种方式，使第一区域I内的第一驱动单元21和第二驱动单元22规律性排布，能够在增大第一区域I整体的透光率的同时，确保第一区域I的均匀透光，从而能够改善指纹识别模组的灵敏度。
如图5所示，与图4所示的方式的区别主要在于，当第一驱动单元21 排布成行(或列)时，将与第一区域I对应的驱动层20的位于同一行(或列)的第二驱动单元22中的至少一个(优选地，不是所有)第二驱动单元22改变成第一驱动单元21。以这种方式，能够在增大第一区域I整体的透光率的同时，确保第一区域I的进一步均匀透光，从而能够进一步改善指纹识别模组的灵敏度。
如图6所示，第一驱动单元21和第二驱动单元22在左右方向和上下方向上交替排布。以这种方式，能够在增大第一区域I整体的透光率的同时，确保第一区域I的更进一步均匀透光，从而能够更进一步改善指纹识别模组的灵敏度。
如图7所示，4个第二驱动单元22排布成行(或列)，与第一区域I对应的驱动层20中的其余阵列位置被第一驱动单元21占据。以这种方式，能够在增大第一区域I整体的透光率的同时，确保第一区域I内的接收被手指反射或散射的光的区域中的大部分区域的透光率增大，从而能够进一步改善指纹识别模组的灵敏度。
第二实施方式
在本实施方式中，主要说明与第一实施方式的区别并省略相同部分的说明。
本实施方式与第一实施方式的区别主要在于，本实施方式采用如下方式：使构成第一驱动单元21的具有阻光性的元件(例如，薄膜晶体管和电容)在驱动层20所在平面上的投影面积之和小于构成第二驱动单元22的具有阻光性的元件在驱动层20所在平面上的投影面积之和。以这种方式，使第一驱动单元21的透光率大于第二驱动单元22的透光率，能够增大第 一区域I整体的透光率，从而能够改善指纹识别模组的灵敏度。
应当理解，对于“构成第一驱动单元21的具有阻光性的元件(以下简称为第一构成元件)在驱动层20所在平面上的投影面积之和”，当第一构成元件在驱动层20所在平面上的投影不存在重叠部分时，该投影面积之和为各个第一构成元件在驱动层20所在平面上的投影的面积之和；当第一构成元件在驱动层20所在平面上的投影存在重叠部分时，该投影面积之和＝各个第一构成元件在驱动层20所在平面上的投影的面积之和-[重叠部分的面积×(彼此重叠的第一构成元件的个数-1)]。
同样地，对于“构成第二驱动单元22的具有阻光性的元件(以下简称为第二构成元件)在驱动层20所在平面上的投影面积之和”，当第二构成元件在驱动层20所在平面上的投影不存在重叠部分时，该投影面积之和为各个第二构成元件在驱动层20所在平面上的投影的面积之和；当第二构成元件在驱动层20所在平面上的投影存在重叠部分时，该投影面积之和＝各个第二构成元件在驱动层20所在平面上的投影的面积之和-[重叠部分的面积×(彼此重叠的第二构成元件的个数-1)]。
此外，不特别限制第一驱动单元21的上述投影面积与第二驱动单元22的上述投影面积的比例，只要使第一区域I的透光率满足要求且不影响本发明的显示装置的显示效果和功能即可。例如，该比例可以为1:2-3:4，优选为1:2-5:8，更优选为1：2。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示装置被划分成作为指纹识别区域的第一区域和作为显示区域的第二区域，所述第一区域的透光率大于所述第二区域的透光率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示装置包括驱动层，所述驱动层包括第一驱动单元和第二驱动单元，所述第一驱动单元的透光率大于所述第二驱动单元的透光率，并且
    所述第一区域内包括所述第一驱动单元和所述第二驱动单元，所述第二区域内仅包括所述第二驱动单元。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示装置包括驱动层，所述驱动层包括第一驱动单元和第二驱动单元，所述第一驱动单元的透光率大于所述第二驱动单元的透光率，并且
    所述第一区域内包括所述第一驱动单元和所述第二驱动单元，所述第二区域内包括所述第一驱动单元和所述第二驱动单元。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的显示装置，其特征在于，构成所述第一驱动单元的具有阻光性的元件的数量比构成所述第二驱动单元的具有阻光性的元件的数量少。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述具有阻光性的元件包括薄膜晶体管和电容。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3所述的显示装置，其特征在于，构成所述第一驱动单元的具有阻光性的元件在所述驱动层所在平面上的投影面积之和小于构成所述第二驱动单元的具有阻光性的元件在所述驱动层所在平面上的 投影面积之和。
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US20200006403A1 (en) 2020-01-02

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