WO2019060417A1 - Procédé de compression d'un empilement de piles à combustible à oxyde solide - Google Patents

Procédé de compression d'un empilement de piles à combustible à oxyde solide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019060417A1
WO2019060417A1 PCT/US2018/051754 US2018051754W WO2019060417A1 WO 2019060417 A1 WO2019060417 A1 WO 2019060417A1 US 2018051754 W US2018051754 W US 2018051754W WO 2019060417 A1 WO2019060417 A1 WO 2019060417A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compression plate
compression
fuel cell
cell stack
rod
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2018/051754
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mark Jensen
Ying Liu
Original Assignee
Phillips 66 Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phillips 66 Company filed Critical Phillips 66 Company
Priority to CA3075921A priority Critical patent/CA3075921A1/fr
Priority to EP18858994.9A priority patent/EP3685463A4/fr
Priority to JP2020516642A priority patent/JP2021501436A/ja
Priority claimed from US16/135,546 external-priority patent/US20190088974A1/en
Publication of WO2019060417A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019060417A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
    • H01M8/248—Means for compression of the fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9016—Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
    • H01M4/9025—Oxides specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC
    • H01M4/9033—Complex oxides, optionally doped, of the type M1MeO3, M1 being an alkaline earth metal or a rare earth, Me being a metal, e.g. perovskites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9041—Metals or alloys
    • H01M4/905—Metals or alloys specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC
    • H01M4/9066—Metals or alloys specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC of metal-ceramic composites or mixtures, e.g. cermets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0232—Metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
    • H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
    • H01M8/1253—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides the electrolyte containing zirconium oxide
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
    • H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • a fuel cell stack that is in contact and below a top compression plate and in contact and above a bottom compression plate, wherein the top compression plate and the bottom compression plates are flat and rigid.
  • a top compression device is above the top compression plate, wherein the top compression device applies a downward vertical force onto the top compression plate which applies a downward vertical force onto the fuel cell stack.
  • An optional bottom compression device is below the bottom compression plate, wherein the bottom compression device applies an upward vertical force onto the bottom compression plate which applies an upward vertical force onto the fuel cell stack.
  • a fuel cell stack is in contact and below a top compression plate and in contact and above a bottom compression plate, wherein the top compression plate and the bottom compression plate are flat and rigid.
  • a top compression rod is in contact and above the top compression plate, wherein the top compression rod applies a downward vertical force onto the top compression plate which applies a downward vertical force onto the fuel cell stack.
  • a bottom compression rod is in contact and below the bottom compression plate, wherein the bottom compression rod applies an upward vertical force onto the bottom compression plate which applies an upward vertical force onto the fuel cell stack.
  • this fuel cell stack there is also at least one alignment rod extending through at least one alignment hole in the top compression plate and extending through at least one alignment hole in the bottom compression plate, wherein the alignment rod does not apply any vertical compressive force onto the fuel cell stack. Additionally, in this fuel cell stack, the top compression plate and the bottom compression plate are enclosed within an insulated compartment and the top compression rod and the bottom compression rod extend outside the insulated compartment.
  • Figure 1 depicts a front cross-sectional view of a SOFC stack design.
  • Figure 2 depicts an overhead sectional view of a SOFC stack design.
  • the top device is a top compression rod and the bottom device is a bottom compression rod.
  • the top device is a top compression cable and the bottom device is a bottom compression cable.
  • One way to ensure proper alignment of the compression plate(s) with the SOFC stack is to have the alignment holes in a position wherein they are in contact with the fuel cell stack to prevent it from moving; this possibility is shown in Figure 3.
  • a top down view of the fuel cell stack (2) and the bottom compression plate (6) are shown where the alignment holes (14a, 14b, 14c and 14d) are right next to the fuel cell stack.
  • any alignment rods placed within the alignment holes will be in contact with the fuel cell stack to prevent movement.
  • the alignment holes are spaced away from the fuel cell stack that they are not touching the fuel cell stack.
  • the top compression rod (308) is connected to a distribution plate (322) that is in contact with spacers (324) capable of exerting pressure onto the top compression plate (304).
  • Devices that can be used as either the top compression device or the bottom compression device include pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders (326).
  • the top compression device is placed outside the insulating structure to ensure that the top compression device is not subject to the extreme temperatures required by the fuel cell stack during operation. It is envisioned that this pressure for the top compression device and the optional bottom compression device is controlled to ensure that a proper seal for the fuel cell stack is maintained and that the strength of the fuel cell stack is not exceeded. It is also envisioned that the pressure for the top compression device or the optional bottom compression device will not vary with time as thermal expansion/contraction or different forms of degradation may change the fuel cell stack dimensions.
  • a novel SOFC stack compression method can be done with a top compression cable and/or bottom compression cable similarly to Figure 6.
  • the pulley can be either inside or outside the insulating structure
  • the amount of pressure needed to seal the fuel cell stack without destroying the fuel cell stack will range from about 2 psi to 1,500 psi.
  • This pressure is the pressure measured on the fuel cell stack and individual stack components such as seals may have a higher effective pressure due to reduced areas for transmitting the pressure in the stacking direction.
  • the pressure can range from about 80 psi to 1,000 psi, or 5 psi to 200 psi, or 2 psi to 15 psi.
  • the compression rods are made of the same materials as the top and bottom compression plates.
  • electrolyte materials for the SOFCs can be any conventionally known electrolyte materials.
  • electrolyte materials can include doped zirconia electrolyte materials, doped ceria materials or doped lanthanum gallate materials.
  • dopants for the doped zirconia electrolyte materials can include: CaO, MgO, Y2O3, SC2O3, Sm 2 0 3 and Yb 2 0 3 .
  • the electrolyte material is an yttria-stabilized zirconia, (Zr0 2 )o.92(Y 2 0 3 )o.o8.
  • cathode materials include: Pro.sSro.sFeOs-e; Sro.9Ceo.iFeo.8Nio.203-5; Sro.8Ceo.iFeo.7Coo.303-5; LaNio.6Feo.403-5; Pro.8Sn Coo.2Feo.803-5; Pro.7Sro.3Coo.2Mno.803-5; Pro.8Sro.2Fe03-5; Pro.6Sro.4Coo.8Feo.203-5; Pro.4Sro.6Coo.8Feo.203-5; Pro.7Sro.3Coo.9Cuo.i03-5; Bao.5Sro.5Coo.8Feo.203-5; Smo.5Sro.5Co03-5; and LaNio.6Feo.403-5.
  • the cathode material is a mixture of gadolinium-doped ceria (Ceo.9Gdo.1O2) and lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (Lao.6Sro.4Coo.2Feo.8O3) or a mixture of gadolinium -doped ceria (Ceo.9Gdo.1O2) and samarium strontium cobaltite (Smo.sSro.sCoOs).
  • Each SOFC stack comprised two fuel cells.
  • Each fuel cell of both the first solid oxide fuel cell stack and the second solid oxide fuel cell stack had an anode comprising 50 wt.% Ni - 50 wt.% (Zr02)o.92(Y203)o.o8, a cathode comprising 50 wt.% Lao.6Sro.4Coo.2Feo.8O3 - 50 wt.% Ceo.9Gdo.1O2 and an electrolyte comprising (Zr02)o.92(Y203)o.o8.
  • Both the first solid oxide fuel cell short stack and the second solid oxide fuel cell short stack were operated at 700°C on hydrogen fuel with a current density of 200 mA/cm 2 .
  • the first solid oxide fuel cell stack had a constant pressure of 30 psi exerted upon it while the second solid oxide fuel cell stack was held together using 6 steel bolts at the edges to achieve an effective pressure of 30 psi at ambient temperature.
  • the first solid oxide fuel cell stack could sustain an average cell voltage greater than 0.8 V for over 1000 hours while the second solid oxide fuel cell stack showed a high degradation rate and was only able to sustain its operating voltage for less than 50 hours.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un empilement de piles à combustible qui est en contact et en dessous d'une plaque de compression supérieure et en contact et au-dessus d'une plaque de compression inférieure. La plaque de compression supérieure et la plaque de compression inférieure sont plates et rigides. Un dispositif de compression supérieur est au-dessus de la plaque de compression supérieure, le dispositif de compression supérieur appliquant une force verticale vers le bas sur la plaque de compression supérieure qui applique une force verticale vers le bas sur l'empilement de piles à combustible. Un dispositif de compression inférieur facultatif est en dessous de la plaque de compression inférieure, le dispositif de compression inférieur appliquant une force verticale vers le haut sur la plaque de compression inférieure qui applique une force verticale vers le haut sur l'empilement de piles à combustible.
PCT/US2018/051754 2017-09-19 2018-09-19 Procédé de compression d'un empilement de piles à combustible à oxyde solide WO2019060417A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA3075921A CA3075921A1 (fr) 2017-09-19 2018-09-19 Procede de compression d'un empilement de piles a combustible a oxyde solide
EP18858994.9A EP3685463A4 (fr) 2017-09-19 2018-09-19 Procédé de compression d'un empilement de piles à combustible à oxyde solide
JP2020516642A JP2021501436A (ja) 2017-09-19 2018-09-19 固体酸化物形燃料電池スタックの圧縮方法

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762560362P 2017-09-19 2017-09-19
US62/560,362 2017-09-19
US16/135,546 US20190088974A1 (en) 2017-09-19 2018-09-19 Method for compressing a solid oxide fuel cell stack
US16/135,546 2018-09-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019060417A1 true WO2019060417A1 (fr) 2019-03-28

Family

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2018/051754 WO2019060417A1 (fr) 2017-09-19 2018-09-19 Procédé de compression d'un empilement de piles à combustible à oxyde solide
PCT/US2018/051743 WO2019060410A1 (fr) 2017-09-19 2018-09-19 Conception d'empilement de pile à combustible à oxyde solide

Family Applications After (1)

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PCT/US2018/051743 WO2019060410A1 (fr) 2017-09-19 2018-09-19 Conception d'empilement de pile à combustible à oxyde solide

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10727521B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP3685464A4 (fr)
JP (2) JP2020534659A (fr)
CA (2) CA3075919A1 (fr)
WO (2) WO2019060417A1 (fr)

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CN112968198B (zh) * 2021-02-25 2022-05-27 福州大学 一种高温固体氧化物电化学反应装置

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US20070248855A1 (en) 2004-08-02 2007-10-25 Staxera Gmbh Fuel-Cell Stack Comprising a Tensioning Device
US20070269702A1 (en) 2006-03-30 2007-11-22 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Fuel cell stack structure and fuel cell stack structure manufacturing method
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US20080107954A1 (en) 2006-11-03 2008-05-08 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd Fuel Cell Stack
US20090029232A1 (en) * 2007-07-23 2009-01-29 Petty Dale W Fuel cell cover plate tie-down
US20110086292A1 (en) * 2009-10-14 2011-04-14 Hyundai Motor Company Joining device for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack provided with the same
WO2013102387A1 (fr) * 2012-01-04 2013-07-11 Cui Ji Mécanisme de pression destiné à assembler une batterie à flux rebox
US20160013508A1 (en) * 2014-07-09 2016-01-14 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Fuel cell stack and assembly method of same
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See also references of EP3685463A4

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2021501436A (ja) 2021-01-14
EP3685464A4 (fr) 2021-08-11
US20190088975A1 (en) 2019-03-21
WO2019060410A1 (fr) 2019-03-28
CA3075921A1 (fr) 2019-03-28
EP3685463A4 (fr) 2021-06-09
US10727521B2 (en) 2020-07-28
CA3075919A1 (fr) 2019-03-28
JP2020534659A (ja) 2020-11-26
EP3685464A1 (fr) 2020-07-29
EP3685463A1 (fr) 2020-07-29

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