WO2019052181A1 - 一种纸张保护方法和设备 - Google Patents

一种纸张保护方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019052181A1
WO2019052181A1 PCT/CN2018/084335 CN2018084335W WO2019052181A1 WO 2019052181 A1 WO2019052181 A1 WO 2019052181A1 CN 2018084335 W CN2018084335 W CN 2018084335W WO 2019052181 A1 WO2019052181 A1 WO 2019052181A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
paper
metal substrate
insulating layer
slide rail
plasma
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/084335
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张溪文
程旭东
施文正
徐绍艳
Original Assignee
杭州众材科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 杭州众材科技有限公司 filed Critical 杭州众材科技有限公司
Publication of WO2019052181A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019052181A1/zh
Priority to US16/558,305 priority Critical patent/US11346055B2/en

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/18—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00 of old paper as in books, documents, e.g. restoring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
    • B41M7/0063—Preservation or restoration of currency, books or archival material, e.g. by deacidifying
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
    • D21H23/50—Spraying or projecting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/02—Chemical or biochemical treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/04—Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of paper protection technologies, and in particular, to a paper protection method and apparatus.
  • the conventional gas phase deacidification method has high deacidification efficiency and has a comprehensive effect of insecticidal sterilization, its high vacuum condition requires high equipment requirements, large investment, and the use of the deacidification agent is highly toxic.
  • the current technology for paper protection is carried out by branches, with low efficiency and complicated operation.
  • the atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma contains high energy and can quickly deacidify the paper at normal temperature and pressure.
  • the patent document CN202543729U discloses an arc discharge paper deacidification device, which comprises a gas storage tank, a glass rotor flowmeter, a sealed liquid storage tank, an insulating ceramic reactor, an arc discharge spray gun, an insulating ceramic plate, a fixing frame, and a a control motor, a second control motor and a computer; the above device can process the paper together with the gaseous deacidification agent and the arc discharge jet under normal temperature and normal pressure conditions, thereby improving the pH value of the paper to neutral; Line, the processing speed is fast, the effect is remarkable, the environment is not polluted during the process, and the color and shape of the processed paper do not change, and there is no ink diffusion phenomenon.
  • the above device has a problem that the work efficiency is not high and the deacidification is not uniform.
  • the invention discloses a paper protection device and a method, the paper has good deacidification effect and high deacidification efficiency, and has a rapid sterilization function.
  • a paper protection device that includes:
  • a mist treatment system comprising a work cover and an air inlet provided on the work cover;
  • a metal substrate a drawer structure slidably drawn from the outlet of the work cover, and a metal substrate inlet and outlet on the side wall of the work cover;
  • An insulating layer is disposed on a top surface of the metal substrate
  • a spray head moving along the slide rail for applying an atomized deacidification agent to the paper on the insulating layer
  • the work cover is disposed outside the metal substrate, the insulating layer, the slide rail, the shower head, and the discharge electrode;
  • a plasma power source for supplying power to the metal substrate and the discharge electrode to generate a linear plasma.
  • the invention adopts a metal substrate carrying a paper and a discharge electrode matched therewith, thereby generating a plasma between the metal substrate and the discharge electrode to perform sterilization and deacidification pretreatment on the paper to be treated, and then deacidifying the paper by spraying the deacidification agent.
  • a guide rail is provided to guide the movement of the discharge electrode and the nozzle, thereby improving work efficiency and uniformity.
  • a load-bearing guide rail in the work cover, and the metal substrate is slidably mounted on the load-bearing guide rail, and the load-bearing guide rail and the slide rail are horizontally arranged and perpendicular to each other in space.
  • the above arrangement can move the metal substrate out of the work cover for paper loading, which is convenient and quick.
  • the insulating layer is an insulating material such as a polymer material, glass, or ceramic. As far as the insulating layer itself is concerned, the prior art can be employed. Generally, the insulating layer is thin, and is disposed on the top surface of the metal substrate to provide effective support, and the space above the insulating layer is a discharge region.
  • the spray head comprises:
  • a nozzle which is fixed on the first slider and arranged horizontally, and the nozzle is provided with a slit-like nozzle arranged along the longitudinal direction of the nozzle toward the side of the insulating layer.
  • the nozzles are arranged in a plurality of rows side by side.
  • a roller-type cleaning brush is arranged under the static position of the nozzle for cleaning the slit-shaped nozzle, which is convenient and quick.
  • the deacidifying agent In order to uniformly spray the deacidifying agent, it is preferable to further include a deacidification tank and an atomizer, and the liquid inlet of the atomizer is connected to the deacidification tank, and the atomization outlet of the atomizer is connected to the nozzle.
  • the atomized deacidification agent has better penetration effect and effectively reduces the amount of deacidification agent.
  • the atomizer is an ultrasonic atomizer.
  • the discharge electrode moves along the slide rail by a second slider fixed thereto.
  • the drive mechanism can be driven by a common motor.
  • the mist treatment system further includes an induced draft fan and an air flow passage, one side of the air flow passage is connected with the induced draft fan, and the other side is connected with the suction port on the work cover.
  • the airflow channel also includes a mist absorbing net inside. Air plasma discharge is sensitive to the humidity of the working environment. When the ambient humidity is too high or too low, it will affect its discharge state and affect the deacidification effect on the paper, and even cause the arc discharge to damage the paper and equipment.
  • the mist-like deacidification agent sprayed from the nozzle can be uniformly moved against the paper, so that the deacidator mist is in full contact with the paper and uniformly distributed to be protected.
  • the surface of the paper improves the deacidification protection of the paper.
  • the mist treatment system can make the deacidification mist have a clear moving direction, and does not overflow, thereby reducing the condensation of the deacidification mist on other working parts, reducing the consumption of the deacidification agent and protecting the other. component.
  • the excess deacidification mist in the work cover can be recovered by using the mist absorbing net in the air flow passage.
  • the external air can be passed into the working hood and the original gas in the working hood can be discharged through the mist processing system.
  • the atomized deacidifying agent can be completely absorbed by the mist absorbing net, thereby achieving the discharge.
  • the harmless treatment of the gas improves the environmental protection of the equipment, and the stability of the subsequent plasma discharge operation is ensured by the control of the air humidity in the work cover to improve the safety and reliability of the equipment.
  • the mist absorbing net is a three-dimensional porous filter mesh woven from a composite metal wire, wherein the composite metal wire is based on a metal wire and the surface is coated with an acidic adsorbent.
  • the acid adsorbent various acidic adsorbents such as acidic polyacrylamide and the like in the prior art can be used.
  • the mist absorbing net is filled in the air flow channel, and the material of the absorbing mesh and the selection of the pore size of the porous filter mesh are used to fully absorb the atomized deacidifying agent in the gas.
  • the mist absorbing mesh has a pore diameter of 0.5 to 3 mm.
  • the top surface of the insulating layer is provided with a plurality of vacuum adsorption holes penetrating to the bottom surface of the metal substrate, and a vacuum tube is embedded in the bottom surface of the metal substrate, the vacuum tube
  • the side walls are in communication with the respective vacuum adsorption holes, and the vacuum tubes are connected to the vacuum pump.
  • the vacuum adsorption hole is arranged to adsorb the paper to be protected on the insulating layer, so that the paper is stretched and straight, so that the paper and the deacidification agent are sufficiently uniformly contacted, and the plasma is sufficiently uniformly contacted to improve the deacidification effect.
  • the paper is composed of fibers, there are numerous fine and interconnected channels.
  • the micro-negative pressure formed at the vacuum adsorption holes can promote the deacidification agent in the paper. The penetration ensures that the deacidification agent completely penetrates the paper to achieve complete deacidification and low acid recovery.
  • each vacuum adsorption hole communicates with the groove wall of the mounting groove, and the vacuum tube is embedded in the mounting groove.
  • the plasma power source is an intermediate frequency high-voltage power source, the operating frequency is 1 kHz-1 MHz, the working voltage is 0.5-40 kV, and the working power is 20W-2KW.
  • the plasma power source has an operating frequency of 4 kHz to 40 kHz, an operating voltage of 0.8-20 kV, and an operating power of 80 W-800 W.
  • the plasma power source has an operating frequency of 6 kHz to 20 kHz, an operating voltage of 1.5 to 10 kV, and an operating power of 100 W to 500 W.
  • the discharge electrode and the insulating layer have a pitch of 0.08 mm to 5 mm. Further preferably, the distance between the discharge electrode and the insulating layer is from 0.5 mm to 4 mm.
  • the present invention can produce a suitable dielectric barrier low temperature plasma by adjusting the plasma power source in combination with a suitable spacing between the discharge electrode and the insulating layer.
  • the low-temperature plasma generated by the intermediate-frequency plasma power supply and the dielectric barrier method is more concentrated than the electromagnetic field generated by other means such as radio frequency, the plasma energy density is higher, and the ionization degree is higher, which makes the number of high-energy molecules, electrons and ions therein.
  • the temperature of the plasma treatment zone is room temperature, which can better control the heat generated by the plasma discharge, effectively protect the microstructure of the fiber while fully activating the paper fiber, and ensure that after treatment The mechanical properties of the paper are thus more friendly to the vulnerable objects to be protected.
  • High-energy electrons, ions and free radicals generated during gas discharge to generate plasma have high energy.
  • electrons, ions and radicals generated therein can be combined with paper. Fiber interaction, and contact with bacteria and fungi that grow in paper fibers, thereby destroying the cell membrane of bacteria and fungi, thereby destroying its cellular structure and achieving sterilization.
  • the plasma power source and its operating parameters and the spacing of the discharge electrodes involved in the present invention ensure that the linear plasma destroys the bacterial and fungal cell membranes without destroying the cellulose fiber as the main component. .
  • the ozone rail is disposed above the slide rail, and the ozone is removed by heating, and the heating temperature is 40 to 60 °C.
  • the above components are installed in the chassis for easy operation and movement.
  • the invention also provides a method for applying paper protection by using the above device, comprising the following steps:
  • the spray head moves along the slide rail, and the atomized deacidification agent is sprayed on the surface of the plasma-treated paper.
  • the vacuum pump is turned on, and the paper is pretreated by the negative pressure generated by the vacuum adsorption hole, and the pretreated paper facilitates the penetration of the deacidification agent in the paper, thereby ensuring the deacidification agent. Completely penetrate the paper to achieve complete deacidification and low acid recovery.
  • the invention firstly performs vacuum adsorption pretreatment, further plasma treatment, and finally deacidification spray on the paper, so that the paper can be sterilized before the paper is protected, thereby preventing the bacteria and the fungus from being on the paper.
  • the pretreatment of the plasma treatment can open the microscopic passage of the paper fiber, which is beneficial to the effect that the subsequent deacidification agent penetrates into the inside of the paper fiber to completely deacidify and not easily return to acid.
  • the method provided in the present invention is mild, steps (1) and (2) are carried out at normal temperature and pressure, and the operation of the present invention does not require special gas protection, and steps (1) and (2) are in an air atmosphere. get on.
  • the time for treating the paper to be protected by the plasma does not need to be long, and the treatment time can be selected in accordance with the degree of acidification of the paper to be protected and the degree of infection of bacteria and fungi, which can be as short as several seconds.
  • the spraying flow rate of the deacidifying agent can be adjusted according to the degree of acidification of the paper. If the degree of acidification is heavy, the spraying flow rate can be adjusted to be relatively large.
  • the spraying flow rate of the deacidifying agent is 5 to 500 mL. /h. That is, 5 to 500 mL of deacidification agent is sprayed onto the surface of the plasma-treated paper every hour.
  • the deacidification agent is in a liquid form having a basic pH value, and various deacidification agents in the prior art can be used, and the acidification group can be neutralized to form an alkaline buffer, for example, hydrogen carbonate.
  • an alkaline buffer for example, hydrogen carbonate.
  • the pH of the deacidifying agent ranges from 8 to 12.
  • the invention has the following advantages:
  • the invention can simultaneously realize two processes of sterilizing and deacidifying the paper, and the equipment involved is simple and convenient to operate, safe, environmentally friendly and high in efficiency;
  • the invention protects the paper, and does not need to soak the paper to be protected in the protection liquid, thereby solving the problems of paper deformation and handwriting blooming caused by the traditional liquid phase protection method.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a paper protection device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a paper protection device of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the head
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of another angle of the head
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the nozzle and the cleaning brush
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a metal substrate, an insulating layer, and a vacuum tube;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of an induced draft fan and an air flow passage
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the induced draft fan and the air flow passage at another angle.
  • the paper protection device of the embodiment includes: a metal substrate 1, an insulating layer 2, a slide rail bracket 3, a slide rail 4, a second slider 5, a discharge electrode 6, a discharge drive motor 7, and a plasma power source.
  • the components of the access controller 15 can be automatically controlled, and each device can be individually controlled, and can be manually controlled if necessary.
  • the controller 15 can be in the form of a programmable logic controller (PLC), a single chip or the like for controlling the operation of each component.
  • PLC programmable logic controller
  • the metal substrate 1, the insulating layer 2, the slide rail holder 3, the slide rail 4, the second slider 5, the discharge electrode 6, the first slider 9, the head 10, and the cleaning brush 17 are placed in the work cover 16.
  • the discharge electrode 6 and the shower head 10 are slidable in the direction of the slide rail 4 by means of the first slider 5 and the second slider 9, respectively.
  • the metal substrate 1 is movable in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the slide rail 4 by the metal substrate moving motor 14.
  • the discharge electrode 6 and the head 10 are initially positioned at both ends of the slide rail 4.
  • the paper protection device of the embodiment includes a chassis 21, and the chassis 21 is provided with:
  • the mist treatment system comprises a work cover 16 and an air inlet provided on the work cover; and further includes an induced draft fan 19 and an air flow passage 18, one side of the air flow passage 18 is connected to the induced draft fan 19, and the other side is connected to the work cover
  • the suction ports of 16 are connected.
  • the metal substrate 1 is slidably mounted in the casing 21, and an inlet and outlet of the metal substrate 1 is disposed on the side wall of the casing 21;
  • An insulating layer 2 is disposed on a top surface of the metal substrate 1;
  • the spray head 10 is fixed on the first slider 9 and moves along the slide rail 4 for applying an atomized deacidification agent to the sample on the insulating layer 2;
  • the discharge electrode 6 is fixed to the second slider 5 and moves along the slide rail 4 to form an electric field with the metal substrate 1 for discharging the sample on the insulating layer 2;
  • a plasma power source 8 for supplying power to the metal substrate 1 and the discharge electrode 6 generates a linear plasma.
  • the deacidification tank 12 is connected to the spray head 10 through an atomizer 13 and a corresponding line.
  • a bearing rail is disposed in the casing 21, and the metal substrate 1 is slidably mounted on the bearing rail, and the bearing rail and the sliding rail 4 are horizontally arranged and perpendicular to each other in space.
  • the nozzle 10 includes a nozzle 1001 which is fixed on the first slider 9 and arranged horizontally.
  • the nozzle 1001 is provided with a slit-shaped nozzle 1002 arranged along the longitudinal direction of the nozzle toward the side of the insulating layer 2, and the nozzle 1001 is arranged side by side. Three.
  • a roller type cleaning brush 17 is provided below the stationary position of the head 10.
  • the top surface of the insulating layer 2 is provided with a plurality of vacuum adsorption holes 101 penetrating through the bottom surface of the metal substrate 1, and a mounting groove 102 is formed on the bottom surface of the metal substrate 1, and the vacuum adsorption hole 101 is connected to the groove wall of the mounting groove, and the vacuum tube 103 is embedded in The inside of the installation tank 102 is in communication with the vacuum adsorption hole 101, and the vacuum tube 103 is connected to the vacuum pump 104.
  • the vacuum pump 104 can be mounted either in the chassis 21 or in the form of an external vacuum line.
  • the mist treatment system comprises a work cover 16 and an air inlet provided on the work cover; and further includes an induced draft fan 19 and an air flow passage 18, one side of the air flow passage 18 is connected to the induced draft fan 19, and the other side is connected to the work cover
  • the suction ports of 16 are connected.
  • the air flow passage 18 is filled with a mist absorbing net 1801.
  • the air absorbing net is a three-dimensional porous filter mesh woven from a composite metal wire, and is filled in the air flow passage 18, wherein the suction mesh has a hole diameter of 0.5 to 3 mm.
  • an ozone removal pipe 20 is disposed above the slide rail 4, and the ozone is removed by heating, and the heating temperature is 40 to 60 °C.
  • a safety switch triggered by the resetting of the metal substrate 1 is provided in the chassis 21, and the entire paper protection device is powered on after the safety switch is triggered. That is, when the metal substrate 1 is protruded, all the components are in a power-off state to improve safety, and the entire paper protection device resumes power supply only after the metal substrate is reset.
  • a contactor or a relay or the like can be provided on the power supply line of the paper protection device, and is controlled by the signal of the safety switch.
  • the metal substrate 1 first detects the entrance and exit of the side wall of the casing 21, places the paper to be protected on the insulating layer 2, and activates the substrate moving motor 14 to move the metal substrate 1 directly below the slide rail 4.
  • the pitch between the discharge electrode and the insulating layer is 2.5 mm.
  • the deacidification liquid in the deacidification tank 12 is fogged by the atomizer 13 and then uniformly sprayed on the sample through the nozzle 10.
  • the induced draft fan 19 is started at the low speed position until the end of the spray, after which the speed of the induced draft fan 19 is adjusted to the high position for 20 s.
  • the head 10 is returned to the initial end of the slide rail 4, and the cleaning brush 17 below the initial end starts to work for cleaning the slit-like nozzle.
  • the protective treated paper was tested for pH value, hygrothermal aging (according to national standard GB/T22894-2008), pH and bacterial colony total detection results according to standard procedures to quantify the protective effect and determine the effect of the protective treatment on the paper.
  • the total number of bacterial colonies on the paper changed from 2564 cfu/g to 386 cfu/g.
  • the pH of the paper was converted from 5.6 (acidic) to 7.8 (alkaline), and the pH was 7.6 after the moist heat aging treatment.
  • Embodiments 2 to 5 are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and the plasma power supply parameters, the discharge electrodes, and the insulation layer spacing are as shown in Table 1.
  • the protective paper is tested for pH value and damp heat aging according to standard procedures ( According to the national standard GB/T22894-2008), the pH and bacterial colony total detection results were processed to quantify the protective effect and determine the effect of the protective treatment on the paper.
  • the test results are shown in Table 1:
  • the metal substrate 1 first detects the entrance and exit of the side wall of the casing 21, places the paper to be protected on the insulating layer 2, and activates the substrate moving motor 14 to move the metal substrate 1 directly below the slide rail 4.
  • the deacidification liquid in the deacidification tank 12 is fogged by the atomizer 13 and then uniformly sprayed on the paper to be protected by the nozzle 10.
  • An aqueous solution of Mg(HCO 3 ) 2 having a pH of 8.2 was injected into the deacidification tank 12, and the atomizer 13 was fogged, and the atomized deacidification agent was controlled by the nozzle drive motor 11 at a flow rate of 100 mL/h.
  • the spray was evenly sprayed onto the sample for a spray time of 50 s.
  • the head 10 is returned to the initial end of the slide rail 4, and the cleaning brush 17 below the initial end starts to work for cleaning the slit-like nozzle.
  • the plasma power source 8 is turned on, the operating frequency is adjusted to 15 kHz, the working voltage is 2 kV, the working power is 200 W, and the discharge electrode 6 starts to discharge to form a stable blue-violet linear filament plasma, which is discharged.
  • the transmission motor 7 controls the discharge electrode 6 to reciprocate along the slide rail 4, and uses the plasma to perform a full range of movement scanning of the paper with a scan time of 50 s to complete the plasma treatment.
  • the metal substrate moving motor 14 drives the metal substrate 1 to move out of the slide rail 4, and then takes out the sample.
  • the pitch between the discharge electrode and the insulating layer is 2.5 mm.
  • the protective treated paper is tested according to the standard procedure for pH value, hygrothermal aging (according to national standard GB/T22894-2008), and the total number of bacterial colonies detected to quantify the protective effect and determine the effect of the protective treatment on the paper.
  • the results are shown in Table 2:
  • the apparatus used does not have a mist treatment system, and the selected samples are the same as those of the first embodiment, and other operation parameters are the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • the protective treated paper is tested according to the standard procedure for pH value, hygrothermal aging (according to national standard GB/T22894-2008), and the total number of bacterial colonies detected to quantify the protective effect and determine the effect of the protective treatment on the paper.
  • the results are shown in Table 3:
  • the difference is only in the equipment used, the vacuum adsorption hole is not provided on the top surface of the insulating layer, and the paper is not pretreated by the negative pressure generated by the vacuum adsorption hole before the discharge electrode starts to discharge.
  • the selected samples were the same as in Example 1, and the other operating parameters were the same as in Example 1.
  • the protective treated paper is tested according to the standard procedure for pH value, hygrothermal aging (according to national standard GB/T22894-2008), and the total number of bacterial colonies detected to quantify the protective effect and determine the effect of the protective treatment on the paper.
  • the results are shown in Table 4:
  • the paper protection device of the embodiment has a simple structure and is convenient to use, and can quickly and effectively deacidify and sterilize the paper.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

一种纸张保护设备，包括：雾气处理系统，包括工作罩16及设于工作罩16上的吸气口；金属基板1，可滑动地从工作罩16上的进出口侧壁抽出的抽屉式结构；绝缘层2，设于金属基板1顶面；滑轨4，布置在金属基板1的上方；喷头10，沿滑轨4移动，用于向纸张施以雾化脱酸剂；放电电极6，沿滑轨4移动，用于向纸张放电；工作罩16罩于金属基板1、绝缘层2、滑轨4、喷头10和放电电极6外；等离子体电源8，用于向金属基板1和放电电极6供电，产生线状等离子体。应用该设备对纸张进行保护时，将纸张置于绝缘层2上，放电电极6放电并沿滑轨4运动，利用等离子体对纸张进行处理；喷头10沿滑轨4移动，将雾化的脱酸剂喷于经等离子体处理的纸张表面。

Description

一种纸张保护方法和设备 技术领域
本发明涉及纸张保护技术领域，特别涉及一种纸张保护方法和设备。
背景技术
我国各种图书馆、档案馆、博物馆等单位保存了数以万计的档案、书籍、字画、报纸等纸张材料。这些纸质材料是中华民族珍贵的文化遗产，具有不可复制的重要历史文化价值。随着时间的流逝，受各种因素影响，大量纸质文献出现了霉变、粉化碎裂、污染虫蛀等现象，保护这些文化资料面临着严峻的挑战。尽管人们已经开展了大量近现代纸张脱酸和杀菌方面的研究，但至今仍为获得理想的纸张保护技术。其中，传统溶液脱酸法需要将待处理样品浸渍在脱酸剂中，容易导致纸张变形、褪色，处理效率低。传统气相脱酸法虽然脱酸效率高且具有杀虫杀菌的综合效果，但其高真空条件的要求使其对设备要求高，投资大，且使用的脱酸剂毒性大。同时，目前技术对纸张的保护都是分部进行的，效率低、操作复杂。
大气压非平衡等离子体中所含的粒子能量高，可在常温常压实现对纸张的快速脱酸。例如CN202543729U的专利文献公开了一种电弧放电纸张脱酸装置，该装置包括储气罐、玻璃转子流量计、密封储液罐、绝缘陶瓷反应器、电弧放电喷枪、绝缘陶瓷板、固定架、第一控制电机、第二控制电机和计算机；上述装置在常温常压的条件下，使用气态脱酸剂与电弧放电射流共同对纸张进行处理，即可将纸张的pH值提高到中性；简单易行，处理速度快，效果显著，处理过程中对环境无污染，且处理后的纸张颜色、形态不发生变化，无墨迹扩散现象。
但是上述装置存在工作效率不高，脱酸不均匀的问题。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种纸张保护设备和方法，纸张脱酸效果好且脱酸效率高，且具有快速杀菌功能。
一种纸张保护设备，包括：
雾气处理系统，包括工作罩及设于所述工作罩上的吸气口；
金属基板，可滑动地从所述工作罩的出口处抽出的抽屉式结构，在工作罩侧壁上设有金属基板进出口；
绝缘层，设于所述金属基板顶面；
滑轨，布置在所述金属基板的上方；
喷头，沿所述滑轨移动，用于向绝缘层上的纸张施以雾化的脱酸剂；
放电电极，沿所述滑轨移动，与所述金属基板形成电场用于向绝缘层上的纸张放电；
所述工作罩罩于金属基板、绝缘层、滑轨、喷头和放电电极外；
等离子体电源，用于向金属基板和放电电极供电，产生线状等离子体。
本发明通过设置承载纸张的金属基板以及与其配合的放电电极，从而在金属基板和放电电极之间产生等离子体对待保护处理纸张进行杀菌和脱酸预处理，再对纸张喷洒脱酸剂进行脱酸，并且设有导轨来引导放电电极和喷头的运动，从而提高工作效率和均匀性。
为了方便加载待保护的纸张，优选的，在工作罩内设有承载导轨，所述金属基板滑动安装在该承载导轨上，所述承载导轨以及滑轨均水平布置且在空间上相互垂直。上述布置可以将金属基板移动出工作罩进行纸张加载，方便快捷。
绝缘层为高分子材料、玻璃、陶瓷等绝缘材料。就绝缘层本身而言，就可以采用现有技术。一般地，所述绝缘层较薄，将其设在金属基板顶面，可以为其提供有效支撑，绝缘层上方空间为放电区。
为了方便安装制造，优选的，所述喷头包括：
沿所述滑轨移动的第一滑块；
固定在第一滑块上且水平布置的喷管，喷管朝向绝缘层一侧设有沿喷管长度方向布置的狭缝状喷口。
为了提高喷头的工作效率，优选的，所述喷管并排布置有多根。
为了保持喷头可以持续将雾化的脱酸剂喷洒于纸张表面，在喷头静止位的下方设有滚轮式的清洁刷，用于清洁狭缝状的喷口，方便快捷。
为了使脱酸剂的喷洒均匀，优选的，还包括脱酸液罐以及雾化器，雾化器的液体入口与脱酸液罐相连，雾化器的雾化出口连接至所述喷头。雾化的脱酸剂渗透效果更好，有效减少脱酸剂用量。
优选地，所述雾化器为超声雾化器。
为了方便安装制造，优选的，所述放电电极通过与其固定的第二滑块沿所述滑轨移动。
为了提高自动化程度，优选的，还设有分别驱动第一滑块和第二滑块往复运动的驱动机构。驱动机构可以采用常见的电机驱动。
为了实现对工作罩内部雾化的脱酸剂雾气的调整，所述雾气处理系统还包括引风机和气流通道，气流通道的一侧与引风机相连，另一侧与工作罩上的吸气口相连，气流通道内部还包括吸雾网。空气等离子体放电对工作环境的湿度较为敏感，当环境湿度过高或者过低都会影响其放电状态进而影响对纸张的脱酸效果，甚至引起电弧放电损坏纸张和设备。通过引风机产生的负压并经过气流通道的调整引导，可以促使从喷头喷出的雾状脱酸剂紧贴纸张均匀地移动，从而使脱酸剂雾气与纸张充分接触并且均匀分布于待保护的纸张表面，提高了对纸张的脱酸保护效果。并且，利用雾气处理系统能使脱酸剂雾气具有明确的移动方向，不会四溢而减少了脱酸剂雾气在其他工作部件上的凝结，既减小了脱酸剂的消耗也保护了其他部件。同时，利用气流通道中的吸雾网可以将工作罩中多余的脱酸剂雾气进行回收。当喷头扫描完成后，通过雾气处理系统可以将外界空气通入工作罩同时排出工作罩中原有气体，在这过程中利用吸雾网可以将雾化的脱酸剂完全吸收，既实现了对排出气体的无害化处理，提高了设备的环保性，又可以通过对工作罩中空气湿度的控制保证了后续等离子体放电操作的稳定性进而提高设备的安全可靠性。
为了提高对雾气的处理效率，所述的吸雾网为由复合金属线编织成的三维多孔过滤网，其中，所述的复合金属线以金属线为基底，表面涂覆有酸性吸附剂。酸性吸附剂可以使用现有技术中的各种酸性吸附剂，如酸性聚丙烯酰胺等。所述吸雾网填充于气流通道中，通过吸雾网材质和对多孔过滤网孔径的选择，达到充分吸收气体中雾化的脱酸剂的作用。
作为优选，所述吸雾网的孔径为0.5～3mm。
为了使纸张紧贴绝缘层并提高保护处理的效果，优选的，所述绝缘层的顶面设有多个贯通至金属基板底面的真空吸附孔，在金属基板底面嵌装有真空管，所述真空管的侧壁与各真空吸附孔连通，所述真空管连接真空泵。上述真空吸附孔的设置，可以将待保护的纸张吸附在绝缘层上，从而使纸张舒展并平直，使纸张和脱酸剂充分均匀接触，与等离子体充分均匀接触，提高脱酸效果。此外，因为纸张是由纤维构成，存在无数细微而相 互连通的通道，当雾化的脱酸剂和与纤维接触时，通过真空吸附孔处形成的微负压，可以促进脱酸剂在纸张中的渗透，进而保证脱酸剂完全渗透纸张，达到脱酸彻底以及不易返酸的效果。
为了便于制造和安装，优选的，在金属基板底面设有安装槽，各真空吸附孔连通至安装槽的槽壁，所述真空管嵌装在安装槽内。
为了使所获得的线状低温等离子体具有更高的能量密度并提高设备的工作效率，所述等离子体电源是中频高压电源，工作频率为1kHz-1MHz，工作电压为0.5-40kV，工作功率为20W-2KW。优选地，所述等离子体电源的工作频率为4kHz-40kHz，工作电压为0.8-20kV，工作功率为80W-800W。进一步优选，所述等离子体电源的工作频率为6kHz-20kHz，工作电压为1.5-10kV，工作功率为100W-500W。
为了使所获得的线状低温等离子体具有更高的能量密度并提高设备的安全性和稳定性，优选地，所述放电电极和绝缘层的间距为0.08mm-5mm。进一步优选，放电电极和绝缘层的间距为0.5mm-4mm。
本发明通过调节等离子体电源，结合合适的放电电极和绝缘层的间距，可以产生合适的介质阻挡低温等离子体。
通过中频等离子体电源和介质阻挡方式产生的低温等离子体较射频等其他方式产生的电磁场更为集中，等离子体能量密度更大，电离度更高，这使得其中具有的高能分子、电子和离子数量更多，并且宏观上等离子体处理区域的温度为室温，可以更好地控制因等离子体放电而产生的热量，在充分活化纸张纤维的同时有效地保护了纤维的微观结构，保证了经过处理后纸张的机械性能，从而对纸张这一类脆弱的待保护对象更为友好。
气体放电产生等离子体过程中产生的高能电子、离子和自由基具有很高的能量，当使用本发明设备产生的线状等离子体扫描纸张时，其中产生的电子、离子和自由基不但可以和纸张纤维相互作用，而且会和滋生于纸张纤维中的细菌、真菌相接触，进而破坏细菌和真菌的细胞膜，从而破坏其细胞结构，达到灭菌效果。同时，在本发明中涉及的等离子体电源及其工作参数、放电电极间距的选择都保证了产生了线状等离子体在破坏细菌、真菌细胞膜的同时不会破坏以纤维素为主要成分的纸张纤维。
为了清除放电过程中产生的臭氧，优选地，所述滑轨的上方还设有除臭氧管道，通过加热的方式清除臭氧，加热温度为40～60℃。
为了提高集成度，以上各部件均安装在机箱内，便于操作移动。
本发明还提供了一种应用上述设备进行纸张保护的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将待保护的纸张置于绝缘层上，所述放电电极开始放电工作并沿滑轨运动，利用等离子体对待保护的纸张进行处理；
(2)所述喷头沿滑轨移动，将雾化的脱酸剂喷于经等离子体处理的纸张表面。
作为优选，在放电电极开始放电工作前，开启真空泵，利用真空吸附孔产生的负压对纸张进行预处理，经预处理后的纸张有利于脱酸剂在纸张中的渗透，进而保证脱酸剂完全渗透纸张，达到脱酸彻底以及不易返酸的效果。
本发明首先对纸张进行真空吸附预处理、再进行等离子体处理、最后进行脱酸剂喷雾的方法，可以实现在对纸张进行保护之前预先对纸张进行灭菌处理，从而杜绝因为细菌和真菌在纸张纤维上滋生而产生的酸化成分。同时，等离子体处理预先处理可以打开纸张纤维的微观通道而有利于后续脱酸剂深入纸张纤维内部而达到彻底脱酸、不易返酸的效果。
本发明中提供的方法条件温和，步骤(1)和(2)在常温常压下进行，并且，本发明的操作不需要进行特殊的气体保护，步骤(1)和(2)在空气氛围下进行。
步骤(1)中，利用等离子体对待保护的纸张进行处理的时间不需要很长，依据待保护纸张的酸化程度及细菌和真菌的感染程度进行处理时间的选择，可以短至数秒。
步骤(2)中，脱酸剂的喷涂流量可以依据纸张的酸化程度进行调整，如果酸化程度较重，可以将喷涂流量调整得相对较大，优选地，脱酸剂的喷涂流量为5～500mL/h。即每小时，将5～500mL的脱酸剂喷涂至经等离子体处理的纸张表面。
所述脱酸剂为pH值呈碱性的液态形式，可以使用现有技术中的各种脱酸剂，能够起到中和酸化基团形成碱性缓冲区的作用即可，例如，碳酸氢镁水溶液、氢氧化钙水溶液、丙酸钙乙醇溶液、异丁胺乙醇水溶液、茶叶水、萝卜汁、氢氧化钡水溶液、甲醇镁甲醇溶液等。脱酸剂的pH值范围为8～12。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：
(1)本发明的纸张保护方法更为合理，处理时间短，脱酸彻底，不 易返酸；
(2)使用本发明进行纸张处理，可以有效地预防现有技术对纸张的损伤，从而进一步扩大了纸张的保护范围；
(3)本发明可以同时实现对纸张的灭菌和脱酸两种处理，涉及的设备操作简单便捷、安全环保、效率高；
(4)本发明对纸张进行保护，无需将待保护纸张浸泡在保护液中，解决了传统液相保护法处理导致的纸张变形、字迹晕染等问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明纸张保护设备的原理结构示意图；
图2为本发明纸张保护设备的结构示意图；
图3为喷头的结构示意图；
图4为喷头的另一个角度的结构示意图；
图5为喷头与清洁刷的结构示意图；
图6为金属基板、绝缘层和真空管的剖视示意图；
图7为引风机和气流通道的结构示意图；
图8为引风机和气流通道的另一角度的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，本实施例的纸张保护设备包括：金属基板1、绝缘层2、滑轨支架3、滑轨4、第二滑块5、放电电极6、放电传动电机7、等离子体电源8、第一滑块9、喷头10、喷头传动电机11、脱酸液罐12、雾化器13、金属基板移动电机14、控制器15、工作罩16、清洁刷17、气流通道18、引风机19和除臭氧管道20。以上各部件均可以安装在机箱21内，提高集成度，便于操作移动。
接入控制器15的部件(放电传动电机7、高频电源8、喷头传动电机11、雾化器13、基板移动电机14)可以实现自动控制，各设备也可以单独控制，必要时可手动控制，控制器15可以为可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)、单片机等形式，用以控制各部件工作。
金属基板1、绝缘层2、滑轨支架3、滑轨4、第二滑块5、放电电极6、第一滑块9、喷头10和清洁刷17置于工作罩16内。
放电电极6和喷头10可分别依靠第一滑块5和第二滑块9沿着滑轨4 方向滑动。金属基板1可在金属基板移动电机14的驱动下沿与滑轨4垂直的水平方向移动。放电电极6和喷头10初始状态位于滑轨4的两端。
结合图1，本实施例的具体结构如图2～8所示，本实施例的纸张保护设备包括机箱21，机箱21内设有：
雾气处理系统，包括工作罩16及设于所述工作罩上的吸气口；还包括引风机19和气流通道18，气流通道18的一侧与引风机19相连，另一侧与工作罩上16的吸气口相连。
金属基板1，滑动安装在机箱21内，在机箱21侧壁设有金属基板1的进出口；
绝缘层2，设于所述金属基板1顶面上；
滑轨4，通过滑轨支架3布置在金属基板1的上方；
喷头10，固定在第一滑块9上沿滑轨4移动，用于向绝缘层2上的样品施以雾化的脱酸剂；
放电电极6，固定在第二滑块5上沿滑轨4移动，与金属基板1形成电场用于向绝缘层2上的样品放电；
等离子体电源8，用于向金属基板1和放电电极6供电，产生线状等离子体。
脱酸液罐12，通过雾化器13以及相应的管路连接至喷头10。
在机箱21内设有承载导轨，金属基板1滑动安装在该承载导轨上，承载导轨以及滑轨4均水平布置且在空间上相互垂直。
喷头10中包括固定在第一滑块9上且水平布置的喷管1001，喷管1001朝向绝缘层2一侧设有沿喷管长度方向布置的狭缝状喷口1002，喷管1001并排布置有三根。
在喷头10静止位的下方设有滚轮式的清洁刷17。
绝缘层2的顶面设有多个贯通至金属基板1底面的真空吸附孔101，在金属基板1底面设有安装槽102，真空吸附孔101连通至安装槽的槽壁，真空管103嵌装在安装槽102内且与真空吸附孔101连通，真空管103连接真空泵104。真空泵104既可以安装在机箱21内，也可以是外接真空管路的形式。
雾气处理系统，包括工作罩16及设于所述工作罩上的吸气口；还包括引风机19和气流通道18，气流通道18的一侧与引风机19相连，另一侧与工作罩上16的吸气口相连。气流通道18内部填充有吸雾网1801，吸 雾网为由复合金属线编织成的三维多孔过滤网，填充于气流通道18中，其中，吸雾网的孔径为0.5～3mm。
为了清除放电过程中产生的臭氧，滑轨4的上方还设有除臭氧管道20，通过加热的方式清除臭氧，加热温度为40～60℃。
为了提高安全性，在机箱21内设有受金属基板1复位触发的安全开关，安全开关触发后整个纸张保护设备上电。即当金属基板1探出时，所有部件均处在断电状态，以提高安全性，只有金属基板复位后，整个纸张保护设备才恢复供电。具体可以在纸张保护设备的电源线路上设置接触器或继电器等，并且受控于安全开关的信号。
使用该纸张保护设备进行以下实施例的操作。
实施例1
(1)金属基板1先探出机箱21侧壁的进出口，将待保护纸张放置于绝缘层2上，开动基板移动电机14使金属基板1移动到滑轨4的正下方。
(2)开启真空泵，使纸张平铺于绝缘板上并保持1min。开启等离子体电源8和除臭氧管道20，除臭氧管道20的加热温度为40℃，调节工作频率为15kHz，工作电压为2kV，工作功率为200W，放电电极6开始放电工作，形成稳定的蓝紫色线型丝状等离子体，通过放电传动电机7控制放电电极6沿滑轨4往复运动，利用该等离子体对纸张进行全范围的移动扫描，扫描时间为1min，完成等离子体处理，之后关闭除臭氧管道20；
本实施例中，放电电极和绝缘层的间距为2.5mm。
(3)等离子体处理完毕后，将脱酸液罐12中的脱酸液通过雾化器13起雾再通过喷头10移动均匀喷于样品上。
在脱酸液罐12中注入pH＝8.2的Mg(HCO 3) 2水溶液，通过雾化器13起雾，将雾化后的脱酸剂以100mL/h的流量通过喷头传动电机11控制喷头10移动均匀喷于样品上，喷涂时间为50s。喷雾完毕后，金属基板移动电机14驱动金属基板1移动出滑轨4的下方，再取出样品。
当雾化器13开始工作时，启动引风机19于低转速档位直至喷雾结束，之后将引风机19转速调至高档位并保持20s。
喷雾完毕后，喷头10回到滑轨4初始端，初始端下方的清洁刷17开始工作，用于清洁狭缝状的喷口。
将保护处理后的纸张按照标准程序检测pH值、湿热老化(按照国家 标准GB/T22894-2008)处理后的pH和细菌菌落总数检测结果，以量化保护效果，判断保护处理对纸张的影响。
经过保护处理后，纸张细菌菌落总数由2564cfu/g变为386cfu/g。
经过保护处理后，纸张pH值由5.6(酸性)转化为7.8(碱性)，经过湿热老化处理后pH为7.6。
实施例2～5
实施例2～5的操作步骤与实施例1相同，采用的等离子体电源参数、放电电极和绝缘层的间距如表1所示，将保护处理后的纸张按照标准程序检测pH值、湿热老化(按照国家标准GB/T22894-2008)处理后的pH和细菌菌落总数检测结果，以量化保护效果，判断保护处理对纸张的影响，检测结果如表1所示：
表1
Figure PCTCN2018084335-appb-000001
对比例1
本对比例所用设备和样品与实施例1相同，不同之处在于，在使用过程，采用以下步骤：
(1)金属基板1先探出机箱21侧壁的进出口，将待保护纸张放置于绝缘层2上，开动基板移动电机14使金属基板1移动到滑轨4的正下方。
(2)开启真空泵，使纸张平铺于绝缘板上并保持1min。
将脱酸液罐12中的脱酸液通过雾化器13起雾再通过喷头10移动均匀喷于待保护纸张上。
在脱酸液罐12中注入pH＝8.2的Mg(HCO 3) 2水溶液，通过雾化器13起雾，将雾化后的脱酸剂以100mL/h的流量通过喷头传动电机11控制喷头10移动均匀喷于样品上，喷涂时间为50s。
喷雾完毕后，喷头10回到滑轨4初始端，初始端下方的清洁刷17开始工作，用于清洁狭缝状的喷口。
(3)喷雾完毕后，开启等离子体电源8，调节工作频率为15kHz，工作电压为2kV，工作功率为200W，放电电极6开始放电工作，形成稳定的蓝紫色线型丝状等离子体，通过放电传动电机7控制放电电极6沿滑轨4往复运动，利用该等离子体对纸张进行全范围的移动扫描，扫描时间为50s，完成等离子体处理。等离子体处理完毕后，金属基板移动电机14驱动金属基板1移动出滑轨4的下方，再取出样品。
本实施例中，放电电极和绝缘层的间距为2.5mm。
将保护处理后的纸张按照标准程序检测pH值、湿热老化(按照国家标准GB/T22894-2008)处理后的pH和细菌菌落总数检测结果，以量化保护效果，判断保护处理对纸张的影响，检测结果如表2所示：
表2
Figure PCTCN2018084335-appb-000002
对比例2
与实施例1相比，区别仅在于所用设备没有雾气处理系统，选用的样品与实施例1相同，其他操作参数与实施例1相同。
将保护处理后的纸张按照标准程序检测pH值、湿热老化(按照国家标准GB/T22894-2008)处理后的pH和细菌菌落总数检测结果，以量化保护效果，判断保护处理对纸张的影响，检测结果如表3所示：
表3
Figure PCTCN2018084335-appb-000003
对比例3
与实施例1相比，区别仅在于所用设备中，绝缘层顶面没有设置真空吸附孔，放电电极开始放电工作前，也没有利用真空吸附孔产生的负压对纸张进行预处理。选用的样品与实施例1相同，其他操作参数与实施例1相同。
将保护处理后的纸张按照标准程序检测pH值、湿热老化(按照国家标准GB/T22894-2008)处理后的pH和细菌菌落总数检测结果，以量化保护效果，判断保护处理对纸张的影响，检测结果如表4所示：
表4
Figure PCTCN2018084335-appb-000004
综上所述，本实施例的纸张保护设备，结构简单，使用方便，可以快速有效地对纸张进行脱酸及灭菌处理。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种纸张保护设备，其特征在于，包括：
    雾气处理系统，包括工作罩及设于所述工作罩上的吸气口；
    金属基板，可滑动地从所述工作罩的出口处抽出的抽屉式结构，在工作罩侧壁上设有金属基板进出口；
    绝缘层，设于所述金属基板顶面；
    滑轨，布置在所述金属基板的上方；
    喷头，沿所述滑轨移动，用于向绝缘层上的纸张施以雾化的脱酸剂；
    放电电极，沿所述滑轨移动，与所述金属基板形成电场用于向绝缘层上的纸张放电；
    所述工作罩罩于金属基板、绝缘层、滑轨、喷头和放电电极外；
    等离子体电源，用于向金属基板和放电电极供电，产生线状等离子体。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的纸张保护设备，其特征在于，在工作罩内设有承载导轨，所述金属基板滑动安装在该承载导轨上，所述承载导轨以及滑轨均水平布置且在空间上相互垂直。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的纸张保护设备，其特征在于，所述喷头包括：
    沿所述滑轨移动的第一滑块；
    固定在第一滑块上且水平布置的喷管，喷管朝向绝缘层一侧设有沿喷管长度方向布置的狭缝状喷口。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的纸张保护设备，其特征在于，在所述喷头静止位的下方设有滚轮式的清洁刷。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的纸张保护设备，其特征在于，所述放电电极通过与其固定的第二滑块沿所述滑轨移动。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的纸张保护设备，其特征在于，还包括脱酸液罐以及雾化器，雾化器的液体入口与脱酸液罐相连，雾化器的雾化出口连接至所述喷头。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的纸张保护设备，其特征在于，所述雾气处理系统还包括引风机和气流通道，气流通道的一侧与引风机相连，另一侧与工作罩上的吸气口相连，气流通道内部还包括吸雾网。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的纸张保护设备，其特征在于，所述绝缘层的顶面设有多个贯通至金属基板底面的真空吸附孔，在金属基板底面嵌装有 真空管，所述真空管的侧壁与各真空吸附孔连通，所述真空管连接真空泵；在金属基板底面设有安装槽，各真空吸附孔连通至安装槽的槽壁，所述真空管嵌装在安装槽内。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的纸张保护设备，其特征在于，所述等离子体电源是中频高压电源，工作频率为1kHz-1MHz，工作电压为0.5-40kV，工作功率为20W-2KW。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的纸张保护设备，其特征在于，所述放电电极和绝缘层的间距为0.08mm-5mm。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的纸张保护设备，其特征在于，所述滑轨的上方还设有除臭氧管道。
  12. 一种应用权利要求1～11任一项所述设备进行纸张保护的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)将待保护的纸张置于绝缘层上，所述放电电极开始放电工作并沿滑轨运动，利用等离子体对待保护的纸张进行处理；
    (2)所述喷头沿滑轨移动，将雾化的脱酸剂喷于经等离子体处理的纸张表面。
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