WO2019047474A1 - 智能功率模块及空调器控制器 - Google Patents

智能功率模块及空调器控制器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019047474A1
WO2019047474A1 PCT/CN2018/076068 CN2018076068W WO2019047474A1 WO 2019047474 A1 WO2019047474 A1 WO 2019047474A1 CN 2018076068 W CN2018076068 W CN 2018076068W WO 2019047474 A1 WO2019047474 A1 WO 2019047474A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
output
switch
voltage
terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/076068
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯宇翔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GD Midea Air Conditioning Equipment Co Ltd
Original Assignee
GD Midea Air Conditioning Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201710816079.9A external-priority patent/CN107492876B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710815563.XA external-priority patent/CN107492874B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710816172.XA external-priority patent/CN107492879B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710816080.1A external-priority patent/CN107492877B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710816171.5A external-priority patent/CN107492878B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710815564.4A external-priority patent/CN107492875B/zh
Application filed by GD Midea Air Conditioning Equipment Co Ltd filed Critical GD Midea Air Conditioning Equipment Co Ltd
Priority to JP2020512500A priority Critical patent/JP6837183B2/ja
Publication of WO2019047474A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019047474A1/zh
Priority to US16/813,945 priority patent/US11088648B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
    • H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
    • H02P29/026—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load the fault being a power fluctuation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
    • H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
    • H02P29/025—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load the fault being a power interruption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/06—Modifications for ensuring a fully conducting state
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/081—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/08116—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit in composite switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/06—Modifications for ensuring a fully conducting state
    • H03K2017/066—Maximizing the OFF-resistance instead of minimizing the ON-resistance

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of intelligent power modules, in particular to an intelligent power module and an air conditioner controller.
  • Intelligent power module ie IPM (Intelligent Power Module) is a power-driven product that combines power electronics and integrated circuit technology.
  • the intelligent power module integrates the power switching device and the high voltage driving circuit, and is internally provided with fault detecting circuits such as overvoltage, overcurrent and overheating.
  • the intelligent power module receives the control signal of the MCU, drives the subsequent circuit to work, and on the other hand sends the state detection signal of the system back to the MCU.
  • the intelligent power module is especially suitable for driving the inverter of the motor and various inverter power sources. It is an ideal power electronic device for frequency conversion speed regulation, metallurgical machinery, electric traction, servo drive and frequency conversion household appliances.
  • the circuit structure of the existing IPM module 100 is as shown in FIG. 1 and includes a HVIC tube (High Voltage Integrated). Circuit, high voltage integrated circuit chip) 111, three-phase upper arm IGBT tube (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor) 111, 112, 113, and three-phase lower arm IGBT tubes 114, 115, 116, wherein the HVIC tube 111 internally includes a UH driving circuit 101 connected to the three-phase upper arm IGBT tube, respectively.
  • HVIC tube High Voltage Integrated
  • Circuit, high voltage integrated circuit chip 111
  • three-phase upper arm IGBT tube Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • UH driving circuit 101 connected to the three-phase upper arm IGBT tube, respectively.
  • the VH driving circuit 102, the WH driving circuit 103, and the UL driving circuit 104, the VL driving circuit 105, and the WL driving circuit 106 respectively connected to the three-phase lower arm IGBT, the six-way control of the six driving circuits input in the IPM module 100 Under the control of the signal, the corresponding six IGBT tubes are respectively driven to switch the switching state.
  • the recommended circuit of the IPM module 100 in actual operation is shown in FIG. 2, and the six-way control signal of the IPM module 100 is connected to the MCU 200, and the three-phase output terminals of the IPM module 100 are connected to the three-phase of the motor 139.
  • the windings, capacitors 135, 136, and 137 are bootstrap capacitors connected to the three-phase output terminals and the positive ends of the corresponding phase high-voltage power sources, and the six-channel control signals outputted by the MCU 200 control the switching states of the six IGBT tubes of the IPM module 100 to be switched.
  • the main objective of the present invention is to provide an intelligent power module and an air conditioner controller, which aims to solve the problem that during the working process of the intelligent power module, the accumulated charge of the internal IGBT tube of the intelligent power module cannot be discharged for a short time due to the instability of the power supply. However, it affects the effective driving of the motor and impacts the module, which affects the reliability of the module.
  • Each of the driving circuit outputs is connected to a signal input end of each of the corresponding adjusting circuits, and a signal output end of each of the adjusting circuits is connected to a corresponding gate of each of the IGBTs;
  • each IGBT tube of the three-phase upper arm IGBT tube is respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the high-voltage power supply source of the corresponding phase; each of the three-phase lower arm IGBT tube
  • the positive pole and the negative pole of the power supply end of the corresponding adjusting circuit of the tube are respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the power supply source of the low voltage area of the smart power module;
  • the adjusting circuit is configured to detect a voltage value of a power terminal thereof, and when the voltage value is less than a preset voltage threshold, the adjusting circuit cuts off a driving signal output by the driving circuit to a corresponding IGBT tube, when the voltage value is greater than or When the threshold voltage is equal to the preset voltage threshold, the adjusting circuit bleeds the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube, and after delaying the preset time, the delay module controls the driving circuit to output a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • each of the adjustment circuits includes a voltage detection module, a delay module, the delay module, and a first switch;
  • An input end of the voltage detecting module, a power end of the delay module, and a power end of the output module are interconnected to form a power terminal of the adjusting circuit, and an output end of the voltage detecting module is respectively
  • the control end of the module is connected to the control end of the first switch;
  • the output end of the delay module is connected to the control end of the output module;
  • the input end of the output module is the signal input end of the adjustment circuit,
  • An output end of the output module is connected to an input end of the first switch, and an output end of the first switch is a signal output end of the adjustment circuit;
  • the voltage detecting module controls the first switch to be turned from off to off when detecting that the voltage value of the input terminal is less than the preset voltage threshold;
  • the voltage detecting module controls the first switch to be turned on and the delay module to start timing when detecting that the voltage value of the input end thereof is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, and controlling the The output module bleeds the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube, and when the timing reaches the preset time, controls the output driving signal of the driving circuit to be output to the corresponding IGBT tube through the output module.
  • the delay module includes a second switch, a first resistor, and a first capacitor;
  • the control end of the second switch is a control end of the delay module, the input end of the second switch is connected to the positive terminal of the adjusting circuit power terminal, the output end of the second switch and the first resistor
  • the connection end of the one end is the output end of the delay module, the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply end of the adjustment circuit.
  • the delay module further includes an shaping unit
  • a connecting end of the output end of the second switch and an end of the first resistor is an input end of the shaping unit, an output end of the shaping unit is an output end of the delay module, and the shaping unit is The control signal output by the delay module is shaped and output to the control end of the output module.
  • the shaping unit includes a first NOT gate and a second NOT gate
  • An input end of the first NOT gate is an input end of the shaping unit, an output end of the first NOT gate is connected to an input end of the second NOT gate, and an output end of the second NOT gate is the The output of the shaping unit.
  • the voltage detecting module includes a comparator and a voltage source
  • the non-inverting terminal of the comparator is connected to the positive terminal of the adjusting circuit power terminal, the positive output terminal of the voltage source is connected to the inverting terminal of the comparator, and the negative electrode of the voltage source is connected to the negative terminal of the adjusting circuit power terminal. connection.
  • each of the adjustment circuits further includes a shaping amplification module:
  • the input end of the shaping and amplifying module is a signal input end of the adjusting circuit
  • the output end of the shaping and amplifying module is connected to an input end of the output module
  • the shaping and amplifying module is a signal input to a signal input end of the adjusting circuit After being amplified and shaped, it is output to the input of the output module.
  • the shaping amplification module includes a third NOT gate and a fourth NOT gate;
  • the input end of the third inverting module is an input end of the shaping and amplifying module
  • the output end of the third inverting gate is connected to the input end of the fourth inverting gate
  • the output end of the fourth inverting door is shaped Amplify the output of the module.
  • the MOS transistor size in the third NOT gate is 1/2 of the size of the MOS transistor in the fourth NOT gate.
  • the output module includes a third switch, a first PMOS transistor, and a second NMOS transistor;
  • a control end of the third switch is a control end of the output module, a first selection end of the third switch is connected to a positive pole of the power supply terminal of the adjustment circuit, and a second selection end of the third switch is connected to the first a gate of a PMOS transistor, a fixed end of the third switch is connected to a gate of the second NMOS transistor, and a source of the first PMOS transistor is connected to a positive terminal of the power supply terminal of the adjusting circuit, the first PMOS
  • the drain of the tube and the drain connection of the second NMOS transistor are the output terminals of the output module, and the source of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply terminal of the adjustment circuit.
  • the adjustment circuit is also used to control
  • the adjusting circuit detects a voltage value of the power terminal thereof, and when the voltage value is less than the preset voltage threshold, the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube, when the voltage value is greater than or equal to
  • the adjusting circuit outputs a state in which the low resistance and the high resistance are alternately continuous to discharge the charge of the corresponding IGBT tube, and after the preset time delay, the driving circuit outputs the driving signal. To the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • each of the adjustment circuits includes a voltage detection module, a delay module, an output module, a signal generator, and a first switch;
  • An input end of the voltage detecting module, a power terminal of the delay module, a power terminal of the signal generator, and a power terminal of the output module are interconnected to form a power terminal of the adjusting circuit, and an output end of the voltage detecting module Connected to the control end of the delay module and the control end of the first switch respectively; the output end of the delay module is connected to the second control end of the output module; the signal generator output is connected to the a first control end of the output module, an input end of the output module is a signal input end of the adjustment circuit, an output end of the output module is connected to an input end of the first switch, and an output end of the first switch is Said signal output terminal of the adjustment circuit;
  • the voltage detecting module controls the first switch to turn from on to off when detecting that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit is less than the preset voltage threshold;
  • the voltage detecting module controls the first switch to be turned on and the delay module to start timing when detecting that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, and passes the signal generator Controlling, by the output module, a state in which the low resistance and the high resistance are alternately continuous to discharge the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube, and when the timing reaches the preset time, the delay module controls the output of the output module The driving signal is output to the corresponding IGBT tube through the output module.
  • the output module includes a third switch, a first PMOS transistor, and a second NMOS transistor;
  • a control end of the third switch is a second control end of the output module, a first selection end of the third switch is a first control end of the output module, and a second selection end of the third switch Connecting the gate of the first PMOS transistor, the fixed end of the third switch is connected to the gate of the second NMOS transistor, and the source of the first PMOS transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply terminal of the adjusting circuit.
  • the drain of the first PMOS transistor and the drain of the second NMOS transistor are the output terminals of the output module, and the source of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply terminal of the adjustment circuit.
  • the adjustment circuit is also used to control
  • the adjusting circuit detects a voltage value of the power terminal thereof, and when the voltage value is less than the preset voltage threshold, the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube and starts timing, when the timing time does not reach the preset
  • the adjusting circuit discharges the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube; when the timing time reaches the preset target time, the driving is controlled.
  • the circuit outputs a drive signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • each of the adjustment circuits includes a voltage detection module, a counting module, an output module, and a first switch;
  • An input end of the voltage detecting module, a power end of the counting module, and a power end of the output module are interconnected to form a power end of the adjusting circuit; an output end of the voltage detecting module and the counting module respectively The input end is connected to the control end of the first switch; the output end of the counting module is connected to the control end of the output module; the input end of the output module is the signal input end of the adjustment circuit, the output An output end of the module is connected to an input end of the first switch, and an output end of the first switch is a signal output end of the adjustment circuit;
  • the voltage detecting module is configured to control the counting module to start timing when detecting that the voltage value of the input end of the adjusting circuit is less than a preset voltage threshold, and control that the first switch is turned from being turned on during normal operation to disconnect;
  • the counting module is configured to output a first trigger signal to control the output module to output a low resistance state when starting timing;
  • the low resistance state output by the output module discharges the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube; when the timing time reaches the When the preset target time is described, the counting module outputs a second trigger signal to control the driving circuit to output a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • the output module includes a second switch, a third switch, a first PMOS transistor, and a second NMOS transistor;
  • a second selection end of the third switch is connected to a gate of the first PMOS transistor, a fixed end of the third switch is connected to a gate of the second NMOS transistor, and a drain of the first PMOS transistor
  • the drain connection end of the second NMOS transistor is the output terminal of the output module, and the source of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply terminal of the adjustment circuit.
  • the adjustment circuit is also used to control
  • the adjusting circuit detects a voltage value of the power terminal thereof, and when the voltage value is less than the preset voltage threshold, the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube and starts timing, when the timing time does not reach the preset
  • the adjusting circuit outputs a state in which the low resistance and the high resistance are alternately continuous to discharge the charge of the corresponding IGBT tube;
  • the driving circuit is controlled to output a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • each of the adjustment circuits includes a voltage detection module, a counting module, a signal generator, an output module, and a first switch;
  • An input end of the voltage detecting module, a power end of the counting module, a power end of the signal generator, and a power end of the output module are interconnected to form a power terminal of the adjusting circuit;
  • the voltage detecting module The output end is respectively connected to the input end of the counting module and the control end of the first switch;
  • the output end of the counting module is connected to the first control end of the output module;
  • the output end of the signal generator is connected a second control end of the output module;
  • an input end of the output module is a signal input end of the adjustment circuit, an output end of the output module is connected to an input end of the first switch, the first switch
  • the output end is a signal output end of the adjustment circuit;
  • the counting module is configured to output a first trigger signal and simultaneously control a pulse signal output by the signal generator to simultaneously control an output module output low-resistance and high-resistance alternating continuous state;
  • the low resistance and high resistance alternating continuous state output by the output module discharges the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube;
  • the counting module outputs a second trigger signal to control the driving circuit to output a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • the output module includes a second switch, a third switch, a first PMOS transistor, and a second NMOS transistor;
  • the input end of the second switch and the source of the first PMOS tube are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the adjusting circuit power terminal, and the output end of the second switch is connected to the control end of the third switch,
  • the control end of the second switch is a first control end of the output module;
  • the first selection end of the third switch is a second control end of the output module
  • a second selection end of the third switch is connected to a gate of the first PMOS transistor, a fixed end of the third switch is connected to a gate of the second NMOS transistor, and a drain of the first PMOS transistor
  • the drain connection end of the second NMOS transistor is the output terminal of the output module, and the source of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply terminal of the adjustment circuit.
  • the adjustment circuit is also used to control
  • the adjusting circuit detects a voltage value of the power terminal thereof, and when the voltage value is less than the preset voltage threshold, the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube and starts timing, when the voltage value is greater than or equal to In the preset voltage threshold, if the timing time does not reach the first target time, the adjustment circuit outputs a state in which the low resistance and the high resistance are alternately continuous to discharge the charge of the corresponding IGBT tube, if the timing exceeds the first a target time does not reach the second target time, the adjustment circuit outputs a low resistance state to continue discharging the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube; if the timing time reaches the second target time, controlling the drive circuit output drive Signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • each of the adjustment circuits includes a voltage detection module, a counting module, a signal generator, an output module, and a first switch;
  • An input end of the voltage detecting module, a power end of the counting module, a power end of the signal generator, and a power end of the output module are interconnected to form a power terminal of the adjusting circuit;
  • the voltage detecting module The output end is respectively connected to the input end of the counting module and the control end of the first switch;
  • the first output end of the counting module is connected to the first control end of the output module, and the second end of the counting module
  • the output end is connected to the second control end of the output module;
  • the output end of the signal generator is connected to the third control end of the output module;
  • the input end of the output module is the signal input end of the adjustment circuit,
  • An output end of the output module is connected to an input end of the first switch, and an output end of the first switch is a signal output end of the adjustment circuit;
  • the voltage detecting module is configured to control the counting module to start timing when detecting that the voltage value of the input end of the adjusting circuit is less than a preset voltage threshold, and control that the first switch is turned from being turned on during normal operation to disconnect;
  • the counting module is configured to simultaneously output a first trigger signal and a pulse signal output by the signal generator to simultaneously control the output module output low resistance and the pulse output signal of the signal generator simultaneously at the start of timing.
  • the high resistance alternates the continuous state, and when the timing time exceeds the first target time and the second target time is not reached, the second output end of the counting module outputs a second trigger signal to control the output module to output a low resistance state;
  • the output module When the voltage value is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, if the timing time does not reach the first target time, the output module outputs a state in which the low resistance and the high resistance are alternately continuous to discharge the charge of the corresponding IGBT tube, if When the timing time exceeds the first target time and the second target time is not reached, the output module outputs a low resistance state to continue discharging the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube, and when the timing time reaches the second target time, the The counting module outputs a third trigger signal to control the driving circuit to output a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • the output module includes a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a first PMOS transistor, and a second NMOS transistor;
  • the input end of the second switch, the second selection end of the third switch, and the source of the first PMOS tube are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the adjusting circuit power terminal, and the output end of the second switch is connected a control end of the fourth switch, the control end of the second switch is a first control end of the output module;
  • a control end of the third switch is a second control end of the output module, a first selection end of the third switch is a third control end of the output module, and a fixed end of the third switch is connected Determining a first selection end of the fourth switch;
  • a second selection end of the fourth switch is connected to a gate of the first PMOS transistor, a fixed end of the fourth switch is connected to a gate of the second NMOS transistor, and a drain of the first PMOS transistor
  • the drain connection end of the second NMOS transistor is the output terminal of the output module, and the source of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply terminal of the adjustment circuit.
  • the adjustment circuit is also used to control
  • the adjusting circuit detects a voltage value of the power terminal thereof, and when the voltage value is less than the preset voltage threshold, the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube and starts timing, when the voltage value is greater than or equal to In the preset voltage threshold, if the timing time does not reach the first preset target time, the adjustment circuit outputs a low resistance and a high resistance alternating continuous state with the low resistance state as the first duty ratio, so as to correspond to the IGBT tube.
  • the charge is discharged, if the timing time exceeds the first preset target time and the second preset target time is not reached, the low resistance state and the second duty ratio are outputted to the low-resistance and high-resistance alternate continuous state, And discharging the electric charge corresponding to the IGBT tube, wherein the first duty ratio is less than the second duty ratio; if the timing time reaches the second preset target time, controlling the driving circuit to output a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube .
  • each of the adjustment circuits includes a voltage detection module, a counting module, a first signal generator, a second signal generator, an output module, and a first switch;
  • the input end of the voltage detecting module, the power end of the counting module, the power end of the first signal generator, the power end of the second signal generator, and the power end of the output module are interconnected to form a power supply end of the adjustment circuit; an output end of the voltage detection module is respectively connected to an input end of the counting module and a control end of the first switch; a first output end of the counting module is connected to the output module The first control end of the counting module is connected to the second control end of the output module; the output end of the first signal generator is connected to the third control end of the output module; An output end of the two signal generator is connected to a fourth control end of the output module; an input end of the output module is a signal input end of the adjustment circuit, and an output end of the output module is connected to an input of the first switch End, the output end of the first switch is a signal output end of the adjustment circuit;
  • the voltage detecting module is configured to control the counting module to start timing when detecting that the voltage value of the input end of the adjusting circuit is less than a preset voltage threshold, and control that the first switch is turned from being turned on during normal operation to disconnect;
  • the counting module is configured to start timing, the first output end and the second output end of the counting module simultaneously output a first trigger signal and simultaneously control the output module with the pulse signal output by the first signal generator to Outputting a state in which the low resistance and the high resistance are alternately continuous with the low resistance state being the first duty ratio, and when the timing time exceeds the first preset target time and the second preset target time is not reached, the counting
  • the second output end of the module outputs a second trigger signal and controls the output module simultaneously with the pulse signal output by the second signal generator to output the low resistance and the high resistance alternately continuous with the low resistance state as the second duty ratio. status;
  • the output module When the voltage value is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, if the timing time does not reach the first preset target time, the output module outputs the low resistance and the high resistance alternately continuous with the low resistance state as the first duty ratio. a state for discharging the electric charge corresponding to the IGBT tube, and if the timing time exceeds the first preset target time and the second preset target time is not reached, the output module outputs the low resistance state as the second duty ratio Outputting a state in which the low resistance and the high resistance are alternately continuous to continuously discharge the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube.
  • the counting module When the timing time reaches the second target time, the counting module outputs a third trigger signal to control the output of the driving circuit. Drive the signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • the output module includes a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a first PMOS transistor, and a second NMOS transistor;
  • the input end of the second switch and the source of the first PMOS tube are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the adjusting circuit power terminal, and the output end of the second switch is connected to the control end of the fourth switch, The control end of the second switch is the first control end of the output module;
  • the control end of the third switch is a second control end of the output module, the first selection end of the third switch is a third control end of the output module, and the second selection end of the third switch a fourth control end of the output module, the fixed end of the third switch is connected to the first selection end of the fourth switch;
  • a second selection end of the fourth switch is connected to a gate of the first PMOS transistor, a fixed end of the fourth switch is connected to a gate of the second NMOS transistor, and a drain of the first PMOS transistor
  • the drain connection end of the second NMOS transistor is the output terminal of the output module, and the source of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply terminal of the adjustment circuit.
  • the present invention also provides an air conditioner controller including the intelligent power module.
  • the intelligent power module adds an adjustment circuit between each internal driving circuit and the corresponding IGBT tube, and the adjusting circuit can detect the change of the power supply voltage value of the low voltage area of the intelligent power module in real time, and is powered at low voltage.
  • the module stops outputting, and the stored energy of the driving motor causes the IGBT tube inside the module to accumulate charge.
  • the driving output and the driving signal of the IGBT tube can be cut off first, so that the IGBT tube accumulates the charge first for natural venting.
  • the adjustment circuit outputs a low-resistance state to further quickly discharge the accumulated charge of the IGBT tube, and after a preset time delay, the adjustment circuit resumes the transmission of the normal signal from the input to the output, so that The driving signal outputted by the driving circuit can normally control the corresponding IGBT tube. Since the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube has been completely discharged, the normal operation of the module is ensured, and the impact of the accumulated charge on the module is avoided. reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of an intelligent power module in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit of an intelligent power module according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a specific circuit structure of the output adjustment circuit of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific circuit of an output adjustment circuit of an intelligent power module according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific circuit of an output adjustment circuit of an intelligent power module according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific circuit of an output adjustment circuit of an intelligent power module according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific circuit of an output adjustment circuit of an intelligent power module according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific circuit of an output adjustment circuit of an intelligent power module according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an IPM module 4100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of description, only parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown.
  • the IPM module 4100 includes a three-phase upper arm IGBT tube and a three-phase lower arm IGBT tube, and corresponds to each of the three-phase upper arm IGBT tube and the three-phase lower arm IGBT tube.
  • Drive circuit and adjustment circuit ;
  • each driving circuit is connected to the signal input end of each corresponding adjusting circuit, and the signal output end of each adjusting circuit is connected to the corresponding gate of each IGBT;
  • the positive and negative poles of the power supply end of the adjustment circuit corresponding to each IGBT tube of the three-phase upper arm IGBT tube are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage area power supply of the corresponding phase; the corresponding adjustment of each IGBT tube of the three-phase lower arm IGBT tube
  • the positive and negative poles of the power supply end of the circuit are respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the power supply of the low voltage zone of the IPM module;
  • the adjusting circuit is used for detecting the power supply of the low-voltage area of the IPM module, and discharging the accumulated electric charge of the internal IGBT tube of the IPM module when the power supply voltage is dropped, and continuously discharging the above-mentioned electric charge when the supply voltage returns to normal operation. Release to avoid the impact of its charge on the internal circuitry of the IPM module to affect the reliability of its operation.
  • the adjusting circuit is configured to detect a voltage value of the power terminal, and when the voltage value is less than the preset voltage threshold, the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube, and when the voltage value is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, The adjusting circuit discharges the electric charge corresponding to the IGBT tube, and after the preset time delay, controls the driving circuit to output the driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • the three-phase upper arm IGBT tubes are respectively a U-phase upper arm IGBT tube 4121, a V-phase upper arm IGBT tube 4122, and a W-phase upper arm IGBT tube 4123
  • the three-phase lower-arm IGBT tubes are respectively U-phase lower arm IGBT tube 4124, V-phase lower arm IGBT tube 4125 and W-phase lower arm IGBT tube 4126
  • these six IGBT tubes respectively constitute the power of the IPM module three-phase upper arm and three-phase lower arm
  • the circuit provides a corresponding three-phase current and voltage for the IPM module to drive the load motor.
  • the power circuit of each bridge arm corresponding phase may further include an FRD tube connected in parallel on each IGBT tube (Fast Recovery Diode, a fast recovery diode), provides reverse voltage freewheeling for the corresponding IGBT tube for protection.
  • the driving circuit and the adjusting circuit corresponding to each of the three-phase upper arm IGBT tube and the three-phase lower arm IGBT tube are:
  • UH output adjustment circuit 14A connected to the U-phase upper arm IGBT tube 4121, and a UH drive circuit 14 connected to the UH output adjustment circuit 14A;
  • VH output adjustment circuit 24A connected to the V-phase upper arm IGBT tube 4122, and a VH drive circuit 24 connected to the VH output adjustment circuit 24A;
  • a WH output adjustment circuit 34A connected to the W-phase upper arm IGBT tube 4123, and a WH drive circuit 34 connected to the WH output adjustment circuit 34A;
  • a UL output adjustment circuit 44A connected to the U-phase lower arm IGBT tube 4124, and a UL drive circuit 44 connected to the UL output adjustment circuit 44A;
  • a WL output adjustment circuit 54A connected to the W-phase lower arm IGBT tube 4125, and a WL drive circuit 54 connected to the WL output adjustment circuit 54A;
  • VL output adjusting circuit 64A connected to the V-phase lower arm IGBT tube 4126, and a VL driving circuit 64 connected to the VL output adjusting circuit 64A;
  • the above six driving circuits and adjusting circuits are integrated in the HVIC tube 4400.
  • the six driving circuits and the adjusting circuit may exist independently, or the three driving circuits corresponding to the upper arm and The adjustment circuit is integrated in the HVIC tube, and the three drive circuits and adjustment circuits corresponding to the lower arm are integrated in the LVIC tube (Low) In the Voltage Integrated Circuit (low-voltage integrated circuit chip), the specific setting method may be different depending on the internal structure of the IPM module.
  • the power supply positive terminal VCC end of the HVIC tube 4400 is used as the low voltage power supply power supply positive terminal VDD of the smart power module 4100, VDD is generally 15V, and the power supply negative terminal GND of the HVIC tube 4400 is used as the low voltage area of the intelligent power module 4100.
  • the negative terminal of the power supply COM, and the power supply of the high-voltage area corresponding to the phase is formed by the high voltage with the connection of the DC bus voltage, for example, the DC bus voltage is generally connected to the P terminal for about 300V;
  • the first input end HIN1 of the HVIC tube 4400 is connected to the input end of the UH driving circuit 14 as the U-phase upper arm input end UHIN of the intelligent power module 4100;
  • the second input terminal HIN2 of the HVIC tube 4400 is connected to the input end of the VH driving circuit 24 as the V-phase upper arm input terminal VHIN of the intelligent power module 4100;
  • the third input terminal HIN3 of the HVIC tube 4400 is connected to the input end of the WH driving circuit 34 as the W-phase upper arm input terminal WHIN of the intelligent power module 4100;
  • the fourth input terminal LIN1 of the HVIC tube 4400 is connected to the input terminal of the UL driving circuit 44 as the U-phase lower arm input terminal ULIN of the intelligent power module 4100;
  • the fifth input terminal LIN2 of the HVIC tube 4400 is connected to the input end of the VL driving circuit 54 as the V-phase lower arm input terminal VLIN of the intelligent power module 4100;
  • the sixth input terminal LIN3 of the HVIC tube 4400 is connected to the input end of the WL driving circuit 64 as the W-phase lower arm input terminal WLIN of the intelligent power module 4100;
  • the power supply of the UL drive circuit 44, the WL drive circuit 54, and the VL drive circuit 64 is the power supply of the low voltage area of the intelligent power module 4100, and the power input of the UL output adjustment circuit 44A, the WL output adjustment circuit 54A, and the VL output adjustment circuit 64A is the same. ;
  • the UH driving circuit 14, the VH driving circuit 24, and the WH driving circuit 34 have two sets of power supply input, one set is the power supply of the low voltage area of the intelligent power module 4100, and the other set is the power supply of the high voltage area corresponding to the phase, and the UH output adjustment circuit 14A, VH output adjustment circuit 24A, WH output adjustment circuit 34A power input is the same as the high-voltage area power supply of the corresponding connected drive circuit, that is, UH drive circuit 14, UH output adjustment circuit 14A power input is U-phase high-voltage power supply UVB
  • the power input of the VH drive circuit 24 and the VH output adjustment circuit 24A is the V-phase high-voltage power supply VVB and VVS; the power input of the WH drive circuit 34 and the WH output adjustment circuit 34A is the V-phase high-voltage power supply WVB and WVS.
  • the DC bus voltage input terminal P of the IPM module 4100 is respectively connected to the collectors of the six IGBT tubes, and the UN, VN, and WN are respectively the emitter output ends of the three lower arm IGBT tubes, and the IPM module.
  • the 4100 also includes three bootstrap capacitors 4133, 4132, and 4131 that are respectively connected in parallel to the high-voltage power supply terminal of the corresponding phase.
  • UHIN U-phase upper arm and lower-arm input signals UHIN and ULIN
  • UHIN when UHIN is input low, ULIN must input a high level.
  • UHIN is input to U-phase via UH drive circuit 14 and UH output adjustment circuit 14A.
  • the gate of the upper arm IGBT tube 4121 is turned off, and the ULIN is input to the gate of the U-phase lower arm IGBT tube 4124 via the UL driving circuit 44 and the UL output adjusting circuit 44A, and the low-voltage region of the IPM module 4100 is at this time.
  • the power supply VDD is charged to the bootstrap capacitor 4133 via the internal bootstrap circuit of the UH driving circuit 14, and the charging circuit is VDD through the UH driving circuit 14 to the UVB to the bootstrap capacitor 4133, and the U phase lower arm IGBT tube 4124 reaches the low voltage region.
  • the negative end of the power supply COM after a long enough period of time, the capacitor is close to the voltage supply voltage of 15V at both ends, that is, the U-phase high-voltage power supply UVB is close to 15V with respect to the UVS voltage; when the UHIN input is high, the ULIN must input low power.
  • the U-phase upper arm IGBT tube 4121 is turned on, and the U-phase lower arm IGBT tube 4124 is turned off.
  • the DC bus voltage reaches the UVS close to 300V through the P-side and the U-phase upper arm IGBT tube 4121, due to the bootstrap capacitor 4133. There are already close to 15V voltage at both ends, so its UVB end Carried close to the 315V.
  • the voltages of the U-phase high-voltage power supply UVB and UVS vary with the U-phase upper arm and lower-arm input signals UHIN, ULIN, if the U-phase upper arm input high-level signal is relatively short and self-
  • the voltage of the UVB relative to the UVS can be maintained above 14V, that is, the UH output adjustment circuit 14A and the UH drive circuit 14 can maintain a voltage of more than 14V in the high voltage region.
  • the input power of the high-voltage zone of other phases can also be maintained above 14V.
  • each of the adjustment circuits includes a voltage detection module, a delay module, the delay module, and the first switch.
  • the UH output adjustment circuit 14A includes a voltage.
  • the detection module 10 the delay module 20, the output module 30, and the first switch 5001.
  • the input end of the voltage detecting module 10, the power terminal of the delay module 20 and the power terminal of the output module 30 are interconnected to form a power terminal of the adjusting circuit, and the output end of the voltage detecting module 10 is respectively connected to the control end of the delay module 20 and the first switch.
  • the control terminal of the delay module 20 is connected to the control terminal of the connection output module 30 of the delay module 20; the input terminal of the output module 30 is the signal input terminal IN of the adjustment circuit, and the output terminal of the output module 30 is connected to the control terminal.
  • the input end of the first switch 5001, the output end of the first switch 5001 is the signal output end OUT of the adjustment circuit;
  • the voltage detecting module 10 controls the first switch 5001 to turn from on to off when detecting that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit is less than the preset voltage threshold;
  • the voltage detecting module 10 controls the first switch 5001 to turn on and the delay module 20 starts timing, and controls the output module 30 to pass the corresponding IGBT tube through the delay module 20 The charge is discharged, and when the timing reaches the preset time, the delay module 20 controls the output driving signal of the driving circuit to be output to the corresponding IGBT tube through the output module 30.
  • the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is the positive terminal VB1 of the input terminal of the voltage detecting module 5008, the positive output terminal of the voltage source 5008 is connected to the inverting terminal of the comparator 5009, and the negative terminal of the voltage source 5008 is input to the negative terminal VS1 of the input terminal of the voltage detecting module 10.
  • the voltage source 5008 provides a stable reference voltage for the inverting terminal of the comparator 5009.
  • the voltage source 5008 can be designed to be 6V or a value lower than the undervoltage protection of the IPM module 4100 by 1 ⁇ 2V.
  • the control end of the second switch 5011 is the control end of the delay module 20, the input end of the second switch 5011 is connected to the positive terminal VB1 of the adjustment circuit power supply terminal, and the connection end of the output end of the second switch 5011 and one end of the first resistor 5012 is At the output end of the delay module 20, the other end of the first resistor 5012 is connected to one end of the first capacitor 5002, and the other end of the first capacitor 5002 is connected to the negative terminal VS1 of the adjusting circuit power supply terminal.
  • the output module 30 includes a third switch 5007, a first PMOS transistor 5003 and a second NMOS transistor 5004;
  • the working principle of the adjusting circuit of this embodiment is as follows: during the normal working process of the IPM module 4100, six input signals can be driven and amplified by the corresponding driving circuit, and then input to the gate of the IGBT tube of the corresponding bridge arm through the adjusting circuit to control the same. The switch state is switched, and the corresponding three-phase drive signal is finally output to drive the normal operation of the motor. Since the working environment of the IPM module 4100 is relatively bad, the power supply is unstable, and thus the low voltage power supply of the IPM module 4100 is VDD.
  • the fluctuation causes VDD to be lower than the undervoltage protection value of the IPM module 4100, so that the driving module cannot work normally to turn off the output driving signal, thereby causing the IPM module 4100 to suddenly stop outputting.
  • the driving motor is an inductive load, the internal winding of the driving motor is stored.
  • the induced electromotive force can be generated, and the induced electromotive force is transmitted to the IPM module 4100, thereby accumulating charge on the IGBT tube of the PM module 4100.
  • the output adjustment circuit connected to the IGBT tube starts to discharge the charge on the IGBT tube.
  • the voltage detecting module 10 detects that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit is less than the preset voltage threshold, specifically, when the voltage of the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is lower than the voltage value of the voltage source 5008 connected to the inverting terminal, the voltage detecting module 10 passes The output of the comparator 5009 outputs a first control signal, that is, a low level signal, to the control terminal of the second switch 5011 and the control terminal of the first switch 5001, and the two switches are controlled to be turned from off to off during normal operation.
  • a first control signal that is, a low level signal
  • the second switch 5001 When the second switch 5001 is turned off, the connection between the output end of the output module 30 and the output terminal OUT of the adjusting circuit is disconnected. At this time, the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube, that is, disconnects the output end of the adjusting circuit. OUT, at this time, the charge is accumulated on the IGBT tube for natural discharge.
  • the first capacitor 5012 is rapidly discharged through the first resistor 5002 to output a second control signal of a low level to the control terminal of the third switch 5007, so that the fixed end of the third switch 5007 is connected to the first selection.
  • the positive power supply of the adjustment circuit is loaded on the gate of the second NMOS transistor 5004, so that the second NMOS transistor 5004 is turned on.
  • the voltage detecting module 10 detects that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, specifically, when the voltage of the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is higher than or equal to the voltage value of the voltage source 5008 connected to the inverting terminal, the voltage detecting is performed.
  • the module 10 outputs a third control signal, that is, a high level signal, to the control terminal of the second switch 5011 and the control terminal of the first switch 5001 through the output terminal of the comparator 5009, and controls the two switches to be turned from off to on.
  • the output module 30 When the second switch 5001 is turned on, since the second NMOS transistor 5004 is already in an on state, the output module 30 outputs a low impedance state at this time, and the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube further continues through the second NMOS transistor 5004. It is vented and the charge is discharged faster than the previous natural bleed.
  • the power supply voltage VB1 of the adjustment circuit charges the first capacitor 5002 through the second resistor 5011 via the first resistor 5012.
  • the fourth control signal is output to connect the fixed end of the third switch 5007 to the second selection end.
  • the control driving circuit outputs a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube through the output module 30, thereby realizing the adjustment circuit.
  • the input terminal IN can be normally output to the output terminal OUT, that is, the IPM module 4100 returns to the normal working state. Since the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube has been discharged through the discharge of the preset time, the IPM module 4100 can be restored to normal operation.
  • the first switch 5001 when the adjustment circuit detects that the voltage is too low due to the low voltage power supply, that is, the VDD fluctuation, the first switch 5001 is first controlled to be turned off so that the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube is naturally discharged, instead of directly controlling the second.
  • the reason why the NMOS tube 5004 discharges the electric charge is because the electric charge accumulated on the IGBT tube is large at this time, and if the bleed is directly discharged through the second NMOS tube 5004, the bleeder current is too large, causing the second NMOS tube 5004 to accumulate too much heat. Even causing damage, so the first switch 5001 is disconnected so that the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube is naturally discharged.
  • the value of the first resistor 5012 and the first capacitor 5002 of the corresponding delay module 20 may be selected as follows:
  • the power supply voltage of the power supply is variable relative to the COM end of the low voltage region, but the voltage of the positive end of the power supply opposite to the negative terminal, that is, the input voltage value is constant when the IPM module 4100 is operating normally, and the UL output adjustment circuit 44A
  • the power supply power of the WL output adjustment circuit 54A and the VL output adjustment circuit 64A is the power supply source of the low-voltage area of the IPM module 4100, and the voltage value thereof is close to the negative terminal of the positive end of the high-voltage power supply, and the low-voltage power supply of the IPM module 4100.
  • the IPM module 4100 of the embodiment of the present invention adds an adjustment circuit between each internal driving circuit and the corresponding IGBT tube, and the adjustment circuit can detect the change of the power supply voltage value of the low voltage region of the IPM module 4100 in real time, and is powered at low voltage.
  • the module stops outputting, and the stored energy of the driving motor causes the IGBT tube inside the module to accumulate charge.
  • the driving output and the driving signal of the IGBT tube can be cut off first, so that the IGBT tube accumulates the charge first for natural venting.
  • the adjustment circuit outputs a low-resistance state to further quickly discharge the accumulated charge of the IGBT tube, and after a preset time delay, the adjustment circuit resumes the transmission of the normal signal from the input to the output, so that The driving signal outputted by the driving circuit can normally control the corresponding IGBT tube. Since the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube has been completely discharged, the normal operation of the module is ensured, and the impact of the accumulated charge on the module is avoided. reliability.
  • each adjustment circuit further includes a shaping and amplifying module
  • the UH output adjusting circuit 14A is
  • the UH output adjustment circuit 14A further includes a shaping amplification module 40:
  • the input end of the shaping and amplifying module 40 is connected to the input end of the adjusting circuit, and the output end of the shaping and amplifying module 40 is connected to the second selection end of the second switch 5007.
  • the shaping and amplifying module 40 amplifies and shapes the input signal of the adjusting circuit and outputs the second to the second The second selection end of the switch 5007.
  • the shaping amplification module 40 includes a third NOT gate 5005 and a fourth NOT gate 5006;
  • the input end of the third NOT gate 5005 is the input end of the shaping amplification module 40, the output end of the third NOT gate 5005 is connected to the input end of the fourth NOT gate 5006, and the output end of the fourth NOT gate 5006 is the output of the shaping amplification module 40. end.
  • the input signal of the input terminal IN of the adjustment circuit is amplified and shaped by the third NOT gate 5005 and the fourth NOT gate 5006, and then the first PMOS transistor 5003 and the second NMOS of the output module 30.
  • the tube 5004 is power driven and output.
  • the size of the MOS tube constituting the third inversion gate 5005 and the fourth inversion gate 5006 may be different, and the MOS tube size of the third NOT gate 5005 is smaller than the size of the fourth NOT gate 5006 because the signal first passes through the third non-gate After 5005 is amplified, its signal intensity increases, and its device power increases when it is amplified by the fourth NOT gate 5006. Therefore, the design size of its internal MOS transistor can be larger than that of the third NOT gate 5005, for example, the MOS of the third NOT gate 5005.
  • the tube size can be designed to be 1/2 of the size of the MOS tube in the fourth non-gate 5006.
  • the delay module 20 further includes an shaping unit 21;
  • the output end of the second switch 5011 and the end of the first resistor 5012 is the input end of the shaping unit 21, the output end of the shaping unit 21 is the output end of the delay module 20, and the shaping unit 21 is the output of the delay module 20.
  • the control signal is shaped and output to the control terminal of the output module 30.
  • the shaping unit 21 includes a first NOT gate 5010 and a second NOT gate 5008;
  • the input end of the first NOT gate 5010 is the input end of the shaping unit 21, the output end of the first NOT gate 5010 is connected to the input end of the second NOT gate 5008, and the output end of the second NOT gate 5008 is the output end of the shaping unit 21.
  • the first NOT gate 5010 and the second NOT gate 5008 provide a voltage shaping on the first capacitor 5002 of the delay module 20 and output to the control terminal of the third switch 5007, and at the same time, due to the conversion of the NOT gate output signal, the input signal threshold has Requirement, therefore, also has a threshold requirement for the voltage input on the first capacitor 5002.
  • the threshold is reached, the non-gate output is converted, and then the next-stage non-gate is shaped to ensure its output and the first-stage non-gate input signal.
  • the input threshold Vth of the first NOT gate 5010 can be designed to be 7.5V, whereby the first capacitor 5002 and the first resistor 5012 design parameters can be determined.
  • the adjustment circuit is further configured to:
  • the adjusting circuit detects the voltage value of the power terminal. When the voltage value is less than the preset voltage threshold, the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving circuit output to the corresponding IGBT tube driving signal. When the voltage value is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, the adjusting circuit output is low.
  • the resistance and the high resistance are alternately continuous to discharge the electric charge corresponding to the IGBT tube, and after a predetermined time delay, the driving circuit is controlled to output a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • each of the adjustment circuits includes a voltage detection module, a delay module, an output module, a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch.
  • the adjustment circuit 14A includes a voltage detection module 10, a delay module 20, an output module 30, a signal generator 5013, and a first switch 5001.
  • the input end of the voltage detecting module 10, the power supply end of the delay module 20, the power end of the signal generator 5013, and the power end of the output module 30 are interconnected to form a power terminal of the adjusting circuit, and the output end of the voltage detecting module 10 is connected to the delay module 20
  • the control end and the control end of the first switch 5001; the output end of the delay module 20 is connected to the second control end of the output module 30; the output end of the signal generator 5013 is connected to the first control end of the output module 30, and the input of the output module 30
  • the end is the signal input terminal IN of the adjustment circuit, the output end of the output module 30 is connected to the input end of the first switch 5001, and the output end of the first switch 5001 is the signal output end OUT of the adjustment circuit. ;
  • the voltage detecting module 10 controls the first switch 5001 to turn from on to off when detecting that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit is less than the preset voltage threshold;
  • the voltage detection module 10 includes a comparator 5009, a voltage source 5008;
  • the delay module 20 includes a second switch 5011, a first resistor 5012, and a first capacitor 5002;
  • the control end of the second switch 5011 is the control end of the delay module 20, the input end of the second switch 5011 is connected to the positive terminal VB1 of the adjustment circuit power supply terminal, and the connection end of the output end of the second switch 5011 and one end of the first resistor 5012 is At the output end of the delay module 20, the other end of the first resistor 5012 is connected to one end of the first capacitor 5002, and the other end of the first capacitor 5002 is connected to the negative terminal VS1 of the adjustment circuit power supply terminal.
  • the output module 30 includes a third switch 5007, a first PMOS transistor 5003 and a second NMOS transistor 5004;
  • the control terminal of the third switch 5007 is the second control terminal of the output module 30, the first selection terminal of the third switch 5007 is the first control terminal of the output module 30, and the second selection terminal of the third switch 5007 is connected to the first PMOS transistor.
  • the fixed end of the third switch 5007 is connected to the gate of the second NMOS transistor 5004.
  • the source of the first PMOS transistor 5003 is connected to the positive terminal VB1 of the adjusting circuit power supply terminal, and the drain and the second of the first PMOS transistor 5003.
  • the drain connection end of the NMOS transistor 5004 is the output end of the output module 30, and the source of the second NMOS transistor 5004 is connected to the negative terminal VS1 of the adjustment circuit power supply terminal.
  • the signal generator 5013 may internally include an oscillating circuit to generate a continuous switching signal, for example, the switching signal may be a pulse signal with a duty ratio of 50%, and the pulse width may be designed to be 100 ns;
  • the working principle of the adjusting circuit of this embodiment is as follows: during the normal working process of the IPM module 4100, six input signals can be driven and amplified by the corresponding driving circuit, and then input to the gate of the IGBT tube of the corresponding bridge arm through the adjusting circuit to control the same. The switch state is switched, and the corresponding three-phase drive signal is finally output to drive the normal operation of the motor. Since the working environment of the IPM module 4100 is relatively bad, the power supply is unstable, and thus the low voltage power supply of the IPM module 4100 is VDD.
  • the fluctuation causes VDD to be lower than the undervoltage protection value of the IPM module 4100, so that the driving module cannot work normally to turn off the output driving signal, thereby causing the IPM module 4100 to suddenly stop outputting.
  • the driving motor is an inductive load, the internal winding of the driving motor is stored.
  • the induced electromotive force can be generated, and the induced electromotive force is transmitted to the IPM module 4100, thereby accumulating charge on the IGBT tube of the PM module 4100.
  • the output adjustment circuit connected to the IGBT tube starts to discharge the charge on the IGBT tube.
  • the voltage detecting module 10 detects that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit is less than the preset voltage threshold, specifically, when the voltage of the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is lower than the voltage value of the voltage source 5008 connected to the inverting terminal, the voltage detecting module 10 passes The output of the comparator 5009 outputs a first control signal, that is, a low level signal, to the control terminals of the first switch 5011 and the control terminal of the third switch 5001, and the two switches are controlled to be turned from off to off during normal operation.
  • a first control signal that is, a low level signal
  • the connection between the output end of the output module 30 and the output terminal OUT of the adjusting circuit is disconnected to cut off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube, that is, the output terminal OUT of the adjusting circuit is disconnected.
  • the IGBT tube accumulates charge, it performs natural discharge.
  • the first capacitor 5012 inside the delay module 5012 is quickly discharged through the first resistor 5002 to output a second control signal of a low level to the control end of the second switch 5007, so that the second switch 5007 is fixed.
  • the terminal is connected to the first selection end, and the continuous switching signal generated by the signal generator 5013 is input to the second input end of the output module 30, that is, loaded on the gate of the second NMOS transistor 5004;
  • the voltage detecting module 10 detects that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, specifically, when the voltage of the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is higher than or equal to the voltage value of the voltage source 5008 connected to the inverting terminal, the voltage detecting is performed.
  • the module 10 outputs a third control signal, that is, a high level signal, to the control terminal of the first switch 5011 and the control terminal of the third switch 5001 through the output terminal of the comparator 5009, and controls the two switches to be turned from off to on.
  • the continuous switching signal generated by the previous signal generator 5013 is loaded on the gate of the second NMOS transistor 5004 such that the second NMOS transistor 5004 is in a continuous switching state, at which time the output module 30 outputs a low resistance and The state in which the high resistance is alternately continuous, at this time, the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube is further discharged through the continuous switching state of the second NMOS transistor 5004, and the rate of charge discharge is faster than the previous natural discharge.
  • the control driving circuit When the first switch 5011 is turned on, the power supply voltage VB1 of the adjustment circuit charges the first capacitor 5002 through the first resistor 5011 through the first resistor 5012. When the preset time elapses, the voltage on the first capacitor 5002 rises to a high level. When the level is output, the fourth control signal is output to connect the fixed end of the second switch 5007 to the second selection end. At this time, the control driving circuit outputs a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube, that is, the input terminal IN of the adjusting circuit can be normal.
  • the output to the output terminal OUT that is, the IPM module 4100 returns to the normal working state, since the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube has been discharged through the discharge of the preset time, thereby ensuring that the IPM module 4100 can resume normal operation.
  • the first switch 5001 when the adjustment circuit detects that the voltage is too low due to the VDD fluctuation of the low-voltage power supply, the first switch 5001 is first turned off so that the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube is naturally discharged, instead of directly controlling the second.
  • the reason why the NMOS tube 5004 discharges the electric charge is because the electric charge accumulated on the IGBT tube is large at this time, and if the bleed is directly discharged through the second NMOS tube 5004, the bleeder current is too large, causing the second NMOS tube 5004 to accumulate too much heat. Even causing damage, the first switch 5001 is disconnected so that the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube is naturally discharged.
  • the signal generator 5013 controls the continuous switching state of the second NMOS transistor 5004 to further bleed it to ensure its charge. Can be bleed completely, here the reason for controlling the continuous switching state of the second NMOS transistor 5004 by the signal generator 5013 is to make the charge
  • the second NMOS transistor 5004 is vented, heat accumulation does not occur. For example, when the second NMOS transistor 5004 is controlled by a duty cycle of 50% pulse, after 50% of the time is released, 50% of the time is used for cooling.
  • the second NMOS transistor 5004 is directly controlled to be continuously turned on, there is a possibility that the second NMOS transistor 5004 may accumulate too much heat or damage due to a relatively large amount of charge. After a preset time, the adjustment circuit resumes normal operation, which is beneficial to the safe and reliable operation of the IPM module 4100.
  • the value of the first resistor 5012 and the first capacitor 5002 of the corresponding delay module 20 may be selected as follows:
  • the first capacitor 5002 can be designed to have a capacitance of 10 pF, and the first resistor 5012 has a resistance of 144 k ⁇ .
  • the UH output adjustment circuit 14A is the UH output adjustment circuit 14A, and the operation principle of the other output adjustment circuits is the same. It is worth noting that the power supply of the UH output adjustment circuit 14A, the VH output adjustment circuit 24A, and the WH output adjustment circuit 34A is the power supply of the corresponding phase.
  • the power supply voltage of the power supply is variable relative to the COM end of the low voltage region, but the voltage of the positive end of the power supply opposite to the negative terminal, that is, the input voltage value is constant when the IPM module 4100 is operating normally, and the UL output adjustment circuit 44A
  • the power supply power of the WL output adjustment circuit 54A and the VL output adjustment circuit 64A is the power supply source of the low-voltage area of the IPM module 4100, and the voltage value thereof is close to the negative terminal of the positive end of the high-voltage power supply, and the low-voltage power supply of the IPM module 4100.
  • the IPM module 4100 of the embodiment of the present invention adds an adjustment circuit between each internal driving circuit and the corresponding IGBT tube, and the adjustment circuit can detect the change of the power supply voltage value of the low voltage region of the IPM module 4100 in real time, and is powered at low voltage.
  • the module stops outputting, and the stored energy of the driving motor causes the IGBT tube inside the module to accumulate charge.
  • the driving output and the driving signal of the IGBT tube can be cut off first, so that the IGBT tube accumulates the charge first for natural venting.
  • the adjustment circuit outputs a continuous low-resistance and high-resistance alternating state to further quickly discharge the accumulated charge of the IGBT tube, and after the preset time delay, the adjustment circuit resumes the normal signal from The transmission from the input to the output allows the drive signal output from the drive circuit to normally control the corresponding IGBT tube. Since the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube is completely discharged, the normal operation of the module is ensured and the accumulated charge is avoided. The impact on the module affects its operational reliability.
  • the adjusting circuit is further used,
  • the input terminal IN of the adjusting circuit is connected to the second selection end of the second switch 5007;
  • the input end of the voltage detecting module 10, the power end of the counting module 20 and the power end of the output module 30 are interconnected to form a power terminal of the adjusting circuit 14A; the output end of the voltage detecting module 10 and the input end of the counting module 20 and the first The control end of the switch 5001 is connected; the output end of the counting module 20 is connected to the control end of the output module 30; the input end of the output module 30 is the signal input end of the adjustment circuit 14A, and the output end of the output module 30 is connected to the input end of the first switch 5001.
  • the output end of the first switch 5001 is a signal output end of the adjustment circuit 14A;
  • the counting module 20 is configured to output a first trigger signal to control the output module 30 to output a low resistance state when starting timing;
  • the low resistance state output by the output module 30 will discharge the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube; when the timing time reaches the preset target time, the counting is performed.
  • the module 20 outputs a second trigger signal to control the driving circuit to output a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • the voltage detection module 10 includes a comparator 5009, a voltage source 5008;
  • the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is connected to the positive terminal of the adjusting circuit power supply terminal, the positive terminal of the voltage source 5008 is connected to the inverting terminal of the comparator 5009, and the negative electrode of the voltage source 5008 is connected to the negative terminal of the adjusting circuit power supply terminal.
  • the counting module 10 includes a first NOT gate 5012 and a counter 5002;
  • the input end of the first NOT gate 5012 is the input end of the counting module 10
  • the output end of the first NOT gate 5012 is connected to the input end of the counter 5002
  • the output end of the counter 5002 is the output end of the counting module 10.
  • the output module 30 includes a second switch 5011, a third switch 5007, a first PMOS transistor 5003 and a second NMOS transistor 5004;
  • the input end of the second switch 5011, the first selection end of the third switch 5007, and the source of the first PMOS transistor 5003 are respectively positively connected to the power supply terminal VB1 of the adjustment circuit 14A, and the output end of the second switch 5011 is connected to the third switch 5007. Control terminal;
  • the second selection end of the third switch 5007 is connected to the gate of the first PMOS transistor 5003, the fixed end of the third switch 5007 is connected to the gate of the second NMOS transistor 5004, the drain of the first PMOS transistor 5003 and the second NMOS transistor 5004.
  • the drain connection end is the output end of the output module 30, and the source of the second NMOS transistor 5004 is connected to the power supply terminal negative electrode VS1 of the adjustment circuit 14A.
  • first switch 5001, the second switch 5011 and the third switch 5007 may be analog electronic switches.
  • the working principle of the adjusting circuit of this embodiment is as follows: during the normal working process of the IPM module 4100, six input signals can be driven and amplified by the corresponding driving circuit, and then input to the gate of the IGBT tube of the corresponding bridge arm through the adjusting circuit to control the same. The switch state is switched, and the corresponding three-phase drive signal is finally output to drive the normal operation of the motor. Since the working environment of the IPM module 4100 is relatively bad, the power supply is unstable, and thus the low voltage power supply of the IPM module 4100 is VDD.
  • the fluctuation causes VDD to be lower than the undervoltage protection value of the IPM module 4100, so that the driving module cannot work normally to turn off the output driving signal, thereby causing the IPM module 4100 to suddenly stop outputting.
  • the driving motor is an inductive load, the internal winding of the driving motor is stored.
  • the induced electromotive force can be generated, and the induced electromotive force is transmitted to the IPM module 4100, thereby accumulating charge on the IGBT tube of the PM module 4100.
  • the output adjustment circuit connected to the IGBT tube starts to discharge the charge on the IGBT tube.
  • the output of the output module 30 is disconnected from the output terminal OUT of the adjusting circuit.
  • the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube, that is, disconnects the output of the adjusting circuit. OUT, at this time, the charge is accumulated on the IGBT tube for natural discharge.
  • the counter 5002 of the counting module 20 has timed up to a preset target time such as 1024us, the counter 5002 counts out to output a second trigger signal of a high level, so that the second switch 5011 is turned on, further making the control end of the third switch 5007 From the connection with the first selection end to the connection with the second selection end, the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit is output to the corresponding IGBT tube through the output module 30 and the first switch 5001, that is, the input terminal IN of the adjustment circuit can be realized.
  • the normal output to the output terminal OUT that is, the IPM module 4100 returns to the normal working state.
  • the time TT for further venting is calculated as follows:
  • the adjustment circuit is further configured to:
  • each of the adjustment circuits includes a voltage detection module, a counting module, an output module, and a first switch.
  • the UH output adjustment circuit 14A includes a voltage detection module 10, The counting module 20, the signal generator 5013, the output module 30, and the first switch 5001.
  • the input end of the voltage detecting module 10, the power terminal of the counting module 20, the input end of the first switch 5001, the power terminal of the signal generator 5013, and the power terminal of the output module 30 are interconnected to form a power terminal of the adjusting circuit 14A;
  • the output end of the module 10 is respectively connected to the input end of the counting module 20 and the control end of the first switch 5001; the output end of the counting module 20 is connected to the first control end of the output module 30; the output end of the signal generator 5013 is connected to the output module 30.
  • the second control terminal the input end of the output module 30 is the signal input end of the adjustment circuit 14A, the output end of the output module 30 is connected to the input end of the first switch 5001, and the output end of the first switch 5001 is the signal output of the adjustment circuit 14A. End; among them,
  • the voltage detecting module 10 is configured to control the counting module 20 to start timing when detecting that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit 14A is less than a preset threshold, and control the first switch to be turned from off to off during normal operation;
  • the counting module 20 is configured to output a first trigger signal and control the output module 30 to output a low-resistance and high-resistance alternating continuous state simultaneously with the pulse signal output by the signal generator 5013 when starting timing;
  • the alternating low-resistance and high-resistance output states of the output module 30 discharge the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube; when the timing reaches the preset At the target time, the counting module 20 outputs a second trigger signal to control the driving circuit to output a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • the counting module 10 includes a first NOT gate 5012 and a counter 5002;
  • the output module 30 includes a second switch 5011, a third switch 5007, a first PMOS transistor 5003 and a second NMOS transistor 5004;
  • the second selection end of the third switch 5007 is connected to the gate of the first PMOS transistor 5003, the fixed end of the third switch 5007 is connected to the gate of the second NMOS transistor 5004, the drain of the first PMOS transistor 5003 and the second NMOS transistor 5004.
  • the drain connection end is the output end of the output module 30, and the source of the second NMOS transistor 5004 is connected to the power supply terminal negative electrode VS1 of the adjustment circuit 14A.
  • first switch 5001, the second switch 5011 and the third switch 5007 may be analog electronic switches.
  • the working principle of the adjusting circuit of this embodiment is as follows: during the normal working process of the IPM module 4100, six input signals can be driven and amplified by the corresponding driving circuit, and then input to the gate of the IGBT tube of the corresponding bridge arm through the adjusting circuit to control the same. The switch state is switched, and the corresponding three-phase drive signal is finally output to drive the normal operation of the motor. Since the working environment of the IPM module 4100 is relatively bad, the power supply is unstable, and thus the low voltage power supply of the IPM module 4100 is VDD.
  • the fluctuation causes VDD to be lower than the undervoltage protection value of the IPM module 4100, so that the driving module cannot work normally to turn off the output driving signal, thereby causing the IPM module 4100 to suddenly stop outputting.
  • the driving motor is an inductive load, the internal winding of the driving motor is stored.
  • the induced electromotive force can be generated, and the induced electromotive force is transmitted to the IPM module 4100, thereby accumulating charge on the IGBT tube of the PM module 4100.
  • the output adjustment circuit connected to the IGBT tube starts to discharge the charge on the IGBT tube.
  • the voltage detecting module 10 detects that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit is less than the preset voltage threshold, specifically, when the voltage of the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is lower than the voltage value of the voltage source 5008 connected to the inverting terminal, the voltage detecting module 10 passes The output of the comparator 5009 outputs a control signal, that is, a low level signal, to the control terminal of the first switch 5001 and the counting module 20, and controls the first switch 5001 to be turned from off to off during normal operation.
  • a control signal that is, a low level signal
  • the output of the output module 30 is disconnected from the output terminal OUT of the adjusting circuit.
  • the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube, that is, disconnects the output of the adjusting circuit. OUT, at this time, the charge is accumulated on the IGBT tube for natural discharge.
  • the first NOT gate 5012 of the counting module 20 When the input terminal of the counting module 20 becomes a low level, the first NOT gate 5012 of the counting module 20 is inverted to a high level, and at this time, the level of the input terminal of the counter 5002 changes from a low level to a high level, so that the counter The 5002 starts counting, and at the same time, the counter 5002 outputs a first trigger signal that becomes a low level, so that the second switch 5011 is turned off, further causing the control end of the third switch 5007 to also become the first connection from the second selection end.
  • the selection terminal is connected.
  • the pulse signal outputted by the signal generator 5013 is loaded on the gate of the second NMOS transistor 5004 of the output module 30, so that the second NMOS transistor 5004 is in a switching state, that is, the control output module is in a low resistance and a high resistance alternate manner. Continuous state.
  • the voltage detecting module 10 detects that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit rises, so that the voltage value is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, specifically, the voltage of the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is higher than or equal to the voltage of the voltage source 5008 connected to the inverting terminal. In the value, the voltage detecting module 10 outputs a control signal, that is, a high level signal, to the control terminal of the first switch 5001 and the counting module 20 through the output terminal of the comparator 5009, and controls the first switch 5001 to be turned from off to on.
  • a control signal that is, a high level signal
  • the output of the counter 5002 is maintained at a low level, and the state of the third switch 5007 is unchanged. Since the second NMOS transistor 5004 is already in the switching state, Therefore, at this time, the output of the output module 30 is a continuous state of low resistance and high resistance. At this time, the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube is further discharged through the second NMOS transistor 5004, and the rate of charge discharge is higher than the previous natural discharge.
  • the reason for controlling the continuous switching state of the second NMOS transistor 5004 by the signal generator 5013 is that the charge is not discharged when the charge is discharged through the second NMOS transistor 5004, such as a duty cycle of 50% pulse width of 100 ns.
  • the pulse of the second NMOS transistor 5004 is switched, the charge is discharged 50% of the time, and another 50% of the time is used for cooling.
  • the second NMOS transistor 5004 is directly controlled to be continuously turned on, there may be a possibility that the discharge is performed because the charge is relatively large. The second NMOS transistor 5004 will accumulate too much heat to damage. After a preset time, the adjustment circuit resumes normal operation, which is beneficial to the safe and reliable operation of the IPM module 4100.
  • the counter 5002 of the counting module 20 has timed up to a preset target time such as 1024us, the counter 5002 counts out to output a second trigger signal of a high level, so that the second switch 5011 is turned on, further making the control end of the third switch 5007 From the connection with the first selection end to the connection with the second selection end, the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit is output to the corresponding IGBT tube through the output module 30 and the first switch 5001, that is, the input terminal IN of the adjustment circuit can be realized.
  • the normal output to the output terminal OUT that is, the IPM module 4100 returns to the normal working state.
  • the time during which the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube is further discharged by the output module 30 depends on the relationship between the time when the voltage value falls to the recovery time and the counting time of the counting module 20. If the voltage value falls to the recovery time for a long time and exceeds the counting time of the counting module 20, during this period, the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube for natural discharge can be completely discharged, so when the voltage rises, the output module directly
  • the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit is outputted through the first switch 5001 to the corresponding IGBT tube, and no further bleed of the low resistance state of the output module is required.
  • the time TT for further venting is calculated as follows:
  • the time TT ensures that the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube is completely vented after the natural venting in the previous step.
  • the adjustment circuit starts timing, and then when the low-voltage power supply returns to normal, if the voltage value decreases until the recovery time exceeds the target time, the drive signal outputted by the drive circuit is directly controlled to the corresponding IGBT tube, and if the voltage value is lowered to If the recovery time is less than the target time, the low-resistance and high-resistance alternating states of the output time from the time when the voltage is restored to the target time are further discharged, and the accumulated charge of the IGBT tube is further released to ensure the safety during the release.
  • the MOS tube inside the adjustment circuit is damaged due to excessive heat accumulation during venting.
  • this not only ensures that the accumulated charge in the IGBT tube can quickly obtain a safer discharge, but also shortens the recovery time of the IPM module 4100 when the low voltage supply voltage fluctuates, so that the module can resume normal operation relatively quickly, and at the same time avoid The impact of the charge on the module affects its operational reliability.
  • the adjustment circuit is further configured to:
  • the adjusting circuit is configured to detect the voltage value of the power terminal. When the voltage value is less than the preset voltage threshold, the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube and starts timing. When the voltage value is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, If the timing time does not reach the first target time, the adjustment circuit outputs a state in which the low resistance and the high resistance are alternately continuous to discharge the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube. If the timing exceeds the first target time and the second target time is not reached, the adjustment is performed. The circuit output low resistance state will continue to discharge the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube; if the timing time reaches the second target time, the control driving circuit outputs a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • each of the adjustment circuits includes a voltage detection module, a counting module, an output module, and a first switch.
  • the UH output adjustment circuit 14A includes a voltage detection module 10, The counting module 20, the signal generator 5013, the output module 30, and the first switch 5001.
  • the input terminal IN of the adjusting circuit is connected to the second selection end of the second switch 5007;
  • the input end of the voltage detecting module 10, the power terminal of the counting module 20, the input end of the first switch 5001, the power terminal of the signal generator 5013, and the power terminal of the output module 30 are interconnected to form a power terminal of the adjusting circuit 14A;
  • the output end of the module 10 is respectively connected to the input end of the counting module 20 and the control end of the first switch 5001; the first output end of the counting module 20 is connected to the first control end of the output module 30; the second output end of the counting module 20 is connected.
  • the second control end of the output module 30; the output end of the signal generator 5013 is connected to the third control end of the output module 30; the input end of the output module 30 is the signal input end of the adjustment circuit 14A, and the output end of the output module 30 is connected to the first The input end of the switch 5001, the output end of the first switch 5001 is the signal output end of the adjustment circuit 14A;
  • the voltage detecting module 10 is configured to control the counting module 20 to start timing when detecting that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit 14A is less than a preset threshold, and control the first switch to be turned from off to off during normal operation;
  • the counting module 20 is configured to simultaneously output the first trigger signal and the pulse signal output by the signal generator to simultaneously control the output module 30 to output low resistance and high resistance when the timing is started. Alternating the continuous state, and when the timing time exceeds the first target time and the second target time is not reached, the second output end of the counting module 20 outputs the second trigger signal to control the output module 30 to output a low resistance state;
  • the output module 30 When the voltage value is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, if the timing time does not reach the first target time, the output module 30 outputs a state in which the low resistance and the high resistance are alternately continuous to discharge the charge of the corresponding IGBT tube, if the timing exceeds The first target time does not reach the second target time, and the output module 30 outputs a low resistance state to continue discharging the charge corresponding to the IGBT tube.
  • the counting module 20 When the timing time reaches the second target time, the counting module 20 outputs a third trigger signal to control the driving.
  • the circuit outputs a drive signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • the voltage detection module 10 includes a comparator 5009, a voltage source 5008;
  • the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is connected to the positive terminal of the adjusting circuit power supply terminal, the positive terminal of the voltage source 5008 is connected to the inverting terminal of the comparator 5009, and the negative electrode of the voltage source 5008 is connected to the negative terminal of the adjusting circuit power supply terminal.
  • the counting module 10 includes a first NOT gate 5012 and a counter 5002;
  • the first output of the counter 5002 is the first output of the counting module 10
  • the second output of the counter 5002 is the second output of the counting module 10.
  • the output module 30 includes a second switch 5011, a third switch 5014, a fourth switch 5007, a first PMOS transistor 5003 and a second NMOS transistor 5004;
  • the input end of the second switch 5011, the second selection end of the third switch 5014, and the source of the first PMOS transistor 5003 are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the adjusting circuit power terminal, and the output end of the second switch 5011 is connected to the control end of the fourth switch.
  • the control end of the second switch 5011 is the first control end of the output module 30;
  • the control end of the fourth switch 5007 is the second control end of the output module 30, the first selection end of the fourth switch 5007 is the third control end of the output module 30, and the fixed end of the fourth switch 5007 is connected to the first end of the fourth switch Selection end
  • first switch 5001, the second switch 5011, the third switch 5014, and the fourth switch 5007 may be analog electronic switches.
  • the working principle of the adjusting circuit of this embodiment is as follows: during the normal working process of the IPM module 4100, six input signals can be driven and amplified by the corresponding driving circuit, and then input to the gate of the IGBT tube of the corresponding bridge arm through the adjusting circuit to control the same. The switch state is switched, and the corresponding three-phase drive signal is finally output to drive the normal operation of the motor. Since the working environment of the IPM module 4100 is relatively bad, the power supply is unstable, and thus the low voltage power supply of the IPM module 4100 is VDD.
  • the voltage detecting module 10 detects that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit is less than the preset voltage threshold, specifically, when the voltage of the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is lower than the voltage value of the voltage source 5008 connected to the inverting terminal, the voltage detecting module 10 passes The output of the comparator 5009 outputs a control signal, that is, a low level signal, to the control terminal of the first switch 5001 and the counting module 20, and controls the first switch 5001 to be turned from off to off during normal operation.
  • a control signal that is, a low level signal
  • the output of the output module 30 is disconnected from the output terminal OUT of the adjusting circuit.
  • the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube, that is, disconnects the output of the adjusting circuit. OUT, at this time, the charge is accumulated on the IGBT tube for natural discharge.
  • the signal generator 5013 When the fixed end of the third switch 5014 is connected to the first selection end, the signal generator 5013 outputs a pulse signal to the selected end of the fourth switch 5007; when the second switch 5011 is disconnected, the control end of the fourth switch 5007 is further caused Connecting from the second selection terminal to the first selection terminal, the signal generator 5013 outputs a pulse signal to be loaded on the gate of the second NMOS transistor 5004 of the output module 30, so that the second NMOS transistor 5004 is in a switching state. That is, the control output module is in a continuous state of low resistance and high resistance. .
  • the voltage detecting module 10 detects that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit rises, so that the voltage value is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, specifically, the voltage of the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is higher than or equal to the voltage of the voltage source 5008 connected to the inverting terminal. In the value, the voltage detecting module 10 outputs a control signal, that is, a high level signal, to the control terminal of the first switch 5001 and the counting module 20 through the output terminal of the comparator 5009, and controls the first switch 5001 to be turned from off to on.
  • a control signal that is, a high level signal
  • the second output of the counter 5002 outputs a high level of the second trigger signal to control the fixed end of the third switch 5014.
  • the positive terminal of the power supply terminal of the adjustment circuit 14A is loaded on the gate of the second NMOS transistor 5004 through the third switch 5014 and the fourth switch 5007, so that the second NMOS transistor 5004 is continuously turned on, that is, the output module The output is in a continuous low-resistance state.
  • the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube is further discharged through the second NMOS transistor 5004, because the second NMOS transistor 5004 is completely turned on at this time, so that the discharge speed is higher than the above-mentioned switching state.
  • the venting time is fast, ensuring that the charge can be completely drained off quickly.
  • the time for the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube to be further discharged through the output module 30 depends on the time when the voltage value falls to the recovery time and the first and second targets of the counting module 20 The length relationship between time. If the voltage value falls to the recovery time for a long time and exceeds the second target time of the counting module 20, during this period, the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube for natural discharge can be completely discharged, so when the voltage rises and recovers
  • the output signal of the output module directly drives the output of the circuit and passes through the first switch 5001 to the corresponding IGBT tube, and no further discharge of the low resistance state of the output module is required.
  • the adjusting circuit starts timing, and then when the low-voltage power supply returns to normal, if the voltage value decreases until the recovery time exceeds the second target time, the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit is directly controlled to the corresponding IGBT tube, if the voltage value
  • the output low-resistance state is taken during the remaining time of the voltage recovery to the target time, and the accumulated charge of the IGBT tube is further released, if the voltage value is reduced to recovery. If the time is less than the first target time, the first target time is adjusted first.
  • the adjustment circuit is further configured to:
  • the adjusting circuit is configured to detect the voltage value of the power terminal. When the voltage value is less than the preset voltage threshold, the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube and starts timing. When the voltage value is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, If the timing time does not reach the first preset target time, the adjustment circuit outputs a low-resistance and high-resistance alternating continuous state with the low-resistance state as the first duty ratio to discharge the charge of the corresponding IGBT tube, if the timing exceeds The first preset target time does not reach the second preset target time, and the low resistance state is the second duty ratio, and the low resistance and the high resistance are alternately continuous to discharge the charge of the corresponding IGBT tube, wherein the first A duty ratio is less than the second duty ratio; if the timing time reaches the second predetermined target time, the control driving circuit outputs a driving signal to the corresponding IGBT tube.
  • each of the adjustment circuits includes a voltage detection module, a counting module, an output module, and a first switch.
  • the UH output adjustment circuit 14A includes a voltage detection module 10, The counting module 20, the first signal generator 5013, the second signal generator 5015, the output module 30, and the first switch 5001.
  • the voltage detecting module 10 is configured to control the counting module 20 to start timing when detecting that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit 14A is less than a preset threshold, and control the first switch to be turned from off to off during normal operation;
  • the counting module 20 is configured to simultaneously output the first trigger signal and the pulse signal output by the first signal generator simultaneously with the pulse signal output by the first signal generator to output the output module 30 when the timing is started.
  • the low resistance state is a state in which the first duty ratio outputs a low resistance and a high resistance alternately, and when the timing time exceeds the first preset target time and the second preset target time is not reached, the second output end of the counting module 20 outputs The second trigger signal and the pulse signal output by the second signal generator simultaneously control the output module 30 to output a state in which the low resistance and the high resistance are alternately continuous with the low resistance state being the second duty ratio;
  • the voltage detection module 10 includes a comparator 5009, a voltage source 5008;
  • the first output of the counter 5002 is the first output of the counting module 10
  • the second output of the counter 5002 is the second output of the counting module 10.
  • the input end of the second switch 5011 and the source of the first PMOS transistor 5003 are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the adjusting circuit power supply terminal, the output end of the second switch 5011 is connected to the control end of the fourth switch, and the control end of the second switch 5011 is an output module.
  • the control terminal of the third switch 5014 is the second control terminal of the output module 30, the first selection terminal of the third switch 5014 is the third control terminal of the output module 30, and the second selection terminal of the third switch 5014 is the output module 30.
  • a fourth control end, the fixed end of the third switch 5014 is connected to the first selection end of the fourth switch 5007;
  • the second selection end of the fourth switch 5007 is connected to the gate of the first PMOS transistor 5003, the fixed end of the fourth switch 5007 is connected to the gate of the second NMOS transistor 5004, the drain of the first PMOS transistor 5003 and the second NMOS transistor 5004.
  • the drain connection end is the output end of the output module 30, and the source of the second NMOS transistor 5004 is connected to the power supply terminal negative electrode VS1 of the adjustment circuit 14A.
  • first switch 5001, the second switch 5011, the third switch 5014, and the third switch 5007 may be analog electronic switches.
  • the working principle of the adjusting circuit of this embodiment is as follows: during the normal working process of the IPM module 4100, six input signals can be driven and amplified by the corresponding driving circuit, and then input to the gate of the IGBT tube of the corresponding bridge arm through the adjusting circuit to control the same. The switch state is switched, and the corresponding three-phase drive signal is finally output to drive the normal operation of the motor. Since the working environment of the IPM module 4100 is relatively bad, the power supply is unstable, and thus the low voltage power supply of the IPM module 4100 is VDD.
  • the fluctuation causes VDD to be lower than the undervoltage protection value of the IPM module 4100, so that the driving module cannot work normally to turn off the output driving signal, thereby causing the IPM module 4100 to suddenly stop outputting.
  • the driving motor is an inductive load, the internal winding of the driving motor is stored.
  • the induced electromotive force can be generated, and the induced electromotive force is transmitted to the IPM module 4100, thereby accumulating charge on the IGBT tube of the PM module 4100.
  • the output adjustment circuit connected to the IGBT tube starts to discharge the charge on the IGBT tube.
  • the voltage detecting module 10 detects that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit is less than the preset voltage threshold, specifically, when the voltage of the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is lower than the voltage value of the voltage source 5008 connected to the inverting terminal, the voltage detecting module 10 passes The output of the comparator 5009 outputs a control signal, that is, a low level signal, to the control terminal of the first switch 5001 and the counting module 20, and controls the first switch 5001 to be turned from off to off during normal operation.
  • a control signal that is, a low level signal
  • the output of the output module 30 is disconnected from the output terminal OUT of the adjusting circuit.
  • the adjusting circuit cuts off the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit to the corresponding IGBT tube, that is, disconnects the output of the adjusting circuit. OUT, at this time, the charge is accumulated on the IGBT tube for natural discharge.
  • the first NOT gate 5012 of the counting module 20 When the input terminal of the counting module 20 becomes a low level, the first NOT gate 5012 of the counting module 20 is inverted to a high level, and at this time, the level of the input terminal of the counter 5002 changes from a low level to a high level, so that the counter The 5002 starts counting, and simultaneously causes the first output end and the second output end of the counter 5002 to simultaneously output a first trigger signal that is changed from a high level during normal operation to a low level, and the first trigger signal controls the second switch 5011 to be off.
  • the fixed ends of the open and third switches 5014 are connected to the first selection end;
  • the first signal generator 5013 When the fixed end of the third switch 5014 is connected to the first selection end, the first signal generator 5013 outputs a pulse signal to the selected end of the fourth switch 5007; when the second switch 5011 is disconnected, the control of the fourth switch 5007 is further caused.
  • the terminal is also connected from the second selection terminal to the first selection terminal.
  • the first signal generator 5013 outputs a pulse signal to be loaded on the gate of the second NMOS transistor 5004 of the output module 30, so that the second NMOS transistor 5004.
  • the pulse signal is the first duty ratio, that is, the control output module is in the low resistance state and the first duty ratio is a low resistance and high resistance alternating continuous state, for example, the pulse width is 100 ns, the first duty ratio The 30%, ie active, low-impedance time is 30 ns.
  • the voltage detecting module 10 detects that the voltage value at the input end of the adjusting circuit rises, so that the voltage value is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, specifically, the voltage of the non-inverting terminal of the comparator 5009 is higher than or equal to the voltage of the voltage source 5008 connected to the inverting terminal. In the value, the voltage detecting module 10 outputs a control signal, that is, a high level signal, to the control terminal of the first switch 5001 and the counting module 20 through the output terminal of the comparator 5009, and controls the first switch 5001 to be turned from off to on.
  • a control signal that is, a high level signal
  • the first and second output terminals of the counter 5002 output a low level state of the first trigger signal, and the first signal generator 5013 outputs a pulse signal.
  • the second NMOS transistor 5004 is in a switching state by the third switch 5014 and the fourth switch 5007. Therefore, the output module 30 outputs an alternating current state of low resistance and high resistance at this time, and the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube further passes through the second NMOS transistor. 5004 performs continued bleed, and the rate of charge bleed is faster than the previous natural bleed.
  • the reason for controlling the continuous switching state of the second NMOS transistor 5004 by the first signal generator 5013 is to cause the charge to pass through the second NMOS transistor.
  • heat accumulation does not occur.
  • the second NMOS transistor 5004 is controlled by a duty cycle of 30% pulse, after discharging the charge at 30% time, another 70% of the time is used for cooling, if the second control is directly controlled.
  • the NMOS transistor 5004 is continuously turned on, and it is possible that the second NMOS transistor 5004 will accumulate too much heat and damage due to the relatively large amount of charge. After a preset time, the adjustment circuit resumes normal operation, which is beneficial to the safe and reliable operation of the IPM module 4100.
  • the second output of the counter 5002 outputs a high level of the second trigger signal to control the fixed end of the third switch 5014.
  • the second selection terminal is connected.
  • the pulse signal outputted by the second signal generator 5015 is loaded on the gate of the second NMOS transistor 5004 through the third switch 5014 and the fourth switch 5007, and the pulse signal is the second duty ratio.
  • the first duty cycle of the pulse signal outputted by a signal generator 5013 is large, such as changing the pulse pulse width to 100 ns, and the second duty ratio is 70%, so that the second NMOS transistor 5004 is in a switching state, that is, the output module output is The low-resistance and high-resistance alternating continuous state of the second duty ratio, at which time the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube is further discharged through the second NMOS transistor 5004, because the second duty cycle time of the low-resistance state is earlier than the first
  • the duty cycle time is large, so the bleed speed is faster than the above-mentioned switch state in the first duty cycle, ensuring that the charge can be completely drained off quickly.
  • the switch state of the first duty cycle has already discharged a part or a majority of the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube, so when the second NMOS transistor 5004 is fully turned on, the IGBT tube is again turned on.
  • the accumulated charge is discharged to prevent the second NMOS transistor 5004 from being damaged due to the large discharge current, and the discharge speed is increased under the premise of ensuring the safety of the work.
  • the counter 5002 of the counting module 20 has reached the second target time of 2048 us, the counter 5002 completes the third trigger signal whose first output terminal also outputs a high level, so that the second switch 5011 is turned on, further making the fourth
  • the control terminal of the switch 5007 is also connected from the first selection terminal to the second selection terminal.
  • the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit is output to the corresponding IGBT tube through the output module 30 and the first switch 5001, thereby realizing the adjustment.
  • the input terminal IN of the circuit can be normally output to the output terminal OUT, that is, the IPM module 4100 returns to the normal working state.
  • the time for the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube to be further discharged through the output module 30 depends on the time when the voltage value falls to the recovery time and the first and second targets of the counting module 20 The length relationship between time. If the voltage value falls to the recovery time for a long time and exceeds the second target time of the counting module 20, during this period, the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube for natural discharge can be completely discharged, so when the voltage rises and recovers
  • the output signal of the output module directly drives the output of the circuit and passes through the first switch 5001 to the corresponding IGBT tube, and no further discharge of the low resistance state of the output module is required.
  • the voltage value falls short to recovery time is shorter than the second target time of the counting module 20, when the voltage rise returns, the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube may not be completely discharged through the previous step, and the output module is required.
  • the further bleed of the low-resistance state in the meantime, if it is further smaller than the first target time of 1024 us in the 2048us of the second target time, the charge of the output module 30 needs to pass through the low-resistance state of the output module 30 when the charge is discharged through the output module 30.
  • the resistance is alternately continuously discharged. If the counting time of the counting module 20 is 2048us, the time that the counting module 20 has timed when the voltage rise is restored is TM.
  • the time TT for further venting is calculated as follows:
  • the time TT ensures that the accumulated charge on the IGBT tube is completely vented after the natural venting in the previous step.
  • the IPM module 4100 of the embodiment of the present invention adds an adjustment circuit between each internal driving circuit and the corresponding IGBT tube, and the adjustment circuit can detect the change of the power supply voltage value of the low voltage region of the IPM module 4100 in real time, and is powered at low voltage.
  • the module stops outputting, and the stored energy of the driving motor causes the IGBT tube inside the module to accumulate charge.
  • the driving output and the driving signal of the IGBT tube can be cut off first, so that the IGBT tube accumulates the charge first for natural venting.
  • the adjusting circuit starts timing, and then when the low-voltage power supply returns to normal, if the voltage value decreases until the recovery time exceeds the second target time, the driving signal outputted by the driving circuit is directly controlled to the corresponding IGBT tube, if the voltage value
  • the output low-resistance state is taken during the remaining time of the voltage recovery to the target time, and the accumulated charge of the IGBT tube is further released, if the voltage value is reduced to recovery. If the time is less than the first target time, the first target time is adjusted first.
  • the high-resistance and low-resistance alternating state of the first duty ratio with a small output of the road is discharged, and the bleed of the adjustment circuit is safer, and the second duty ratio of the output is larger when the time is greater than the first target time.
  • High resistance and low resistance alternate state for rapid venting It ensures that the accumulated charge in the IGBT tube can be safely and quickly discharged, and can shorten the recovery time of the IPM module 4100 when the low voltage supply voltage fluctuates, so that the module can resume normal operation relatively quickly, and at the same time avoid the charge storage module. The impact of its impact on its reliability.
  • the invention also provides an air conditioner controller, wherein the air conditioner controller is used for realizing responsible control of the air conditioner.
  • the air conditioner controller can be divided into an indoor unit part and an outdoor unit part.
  • the controller of the indoor unit controller drives the load of the indoor fan motor and the air guiding strip, and the outdoor unit controls the driving of the compressor, the outdoor fan motor, the four-way valve, etc., wherein the outdoor controller
  • the above IPM module is included for driving the compressor. If the outdoor fan motor is a DC fan, the outdoor controller internally includes the above IPM module for driving the DC fan, and agrees that if the indoor fan motor is a DC fan,
  • the indoor controller also includes the above IPM module for driving the DC fan.
  • first embodiment means that a specific method, apparatus or feature described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in the present invention. At least one embodiment or example.
  • the schematic representation of the above terms is not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example.
  • the particular features, methods, devices, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
  • various embodiments or examples described in the specification and features of various embodiments or examples may be combined and combined without departing from the scope of the invention.

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Abstract

一种智能功率模块和空调器控制器，通过在内部的每个驱动电路（14、24、34、44、54、64）和对应的IGBT管（4121-4126）之间增加一个调整电路（14A、24A、34A、44A、54A、64A），该调整电路（14A、24A、34A、44A、54A、64A）能实时检测智能功率模块（4100）低压区供电电压值的变化，并在其低压供电电源波动引起电压值过低使模块（4100）停止输出进而使得驱动电机（139）的储能引起模块（4100）内部的IGBT管（4121-4126）积蓄电荷时，能对模块（4100）内部IGBT管（4121-4126）积蓄的电荷进行泄放，并使得在供电电压恢复正常工作时，能持续将上述电荷完全泄放，以避免其电荷对模块（4100）内部电路的冲击以影响其工作的可靠性。

Description

智能功率模块及空调器控制器
技术领域
本发明涉及智能功率模块技术领域，尤其涉及一种智能功率模块及空调器控制器。
背景技术
智能功率模块，即IPM（Intelligent Power Module），是一种将电力电子和集成电路技术结合的功率驱动类产品。智能功率模块把功率开关器件和高压驱动电路集成在一起，并内部设置有过电压、过电流和过热等故障检测电路。智能功率模块一方面接收MCU的控制信号，驱动后续电路工作，另一方面将系统的状态检测信号送回MCU。智能功率模块尤其适合于驱动电机的变频器及各种逆变电源，是变频调速，冶金机械，电力牵引，伺服驱动，变频家电的一种理想电力电子器件。
现有的IPM模块100的电路结构如图1所示，包括HVIC管（High Voltage Integrated Circuit，高压集成电路芯片）111、三相上桥臂IGBT管（Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor，绝缘栅双极型晶体管）111、112、113，以及三相下桥臂IGBT管114、115、116，其中HVIC管111内部包括分别于三相上桥臂IGBT管连接的UH驱动电路101、VH驱动电路102、WH驱动电路103，以及分别于三相下桥臂IGBT连接的UL驱动电路104、VL驱动电路105和WL驱动电路106，这六个驱动电路在IPM模块100输入的六路控制信号的控制下分别驱动对应的六个IGBT管进行开关状态切换。其IPM模块100实际工作时的推荐电路如图2所示，其IPM模块100的通过输入的六路控制信号与MCU200连接，IPM模块100的U、V、W三相输出端连接电机139的三相绕组，电容135、136、137分别为连接三相输出端子和对应相高压电源正端的自举电容，通过MCU200输出的六路控制信号控制IPM模块100的六个IGBT管的开关状态进行切换，输出对应的三相驱动信号到电机139，从而驱动电机139的运行。实际应用中，IPM模块100的工作环境比较恶劣，电源存在不稳定等情况，引起IPM模块100的低压供电电源电压波动等原因引起忽然掉电，则IPM模块100会突然停止输出，而由于所述电机139具有电感储能会产生感应电动势，其感应电动势会传导到IPM模块100，使其内部IGBT管上积蓄电荷，在短时间内不能及时泄放掉，而如果电源恢复稳定时如果IPM模块100恢复正常工作，其内部IGBT管上仍残留电荷，可能在下一个正常开关周期对IPM模块100产生放电，影响IPM模块对负载电机的有效驱动，并有可能对IPM模块内部电路构成不必要的电荷冲击，影响其长期可靠性，阻碍了智能功率模块在变频领域的大面积推广。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种智能功率模块及空调器控制器，目的在于解决智能功率模块在工作过程中，由于供电电源的不稳定引起智能功率模块内部IGBT管积蓄电荷不能短时泄放，而影响其对电机的有效驱动并对模块产生冲击影响其模块工作可靠性问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供的一种智能功率模块，包括三相上桥臂IGBT管和三相下桥臂IGBT管，以及与所述三相上桥臂IGBT管和三相下桥臂IGBT管中每一个IGBT管对应的驱动电路和调整电路；
每一个所述驱动电路输出端连接每一个对应的所述调整电路的信号输入端，每一个所述调整电路的信号输出端连接对应的所述每一个IGBT的栅极；
所述三相上桥臂IGBT管中每一个IGBT管对应的调整电路的电源端的正极和负极分别连接对应相的高压区供电电源正极和负极；所述三相下桥臂IGBT管中每一个IGBT管对应的调整电路的电源端的正极和负极分别连接所述智能功率模块低压区供电电源的正极和负极；其中，
所述调整电路用于检测其电源端的电压值，当所述电压值小于预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号，当所述电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，并在延时预设时间后，所述延时模块控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
在一种可能的设计中，每一个所述调整电路包括电压检测模块、延时模块、所述延时模块和第一开关；
所述电压检测模块的输入端、所述延时模块的电源端和所述输出模块的电源端互连，构成所述调整电路的电源端，所述电压检测模块的输出端分别于所述延时模块的控制端和所述第一开关的控制端连接；所述延时模块的输出端连接所述输出模块的控制端；所述输出模块的输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述输出模块的输出端连接所述第一开关的输入端，所述第一开关的输出端为所述调整电路的信号输出端；
所述电压检测模块在检测到其输入端的电压值小于所述预设电压阈值时，控制所述第一开关由接通转为断开；
所述电压检测模块在检测到其输入端的电压值大于等于所述预设电压阈值时，控制所述第一开关接通和所述延时模块开始计时，并通过所述延时模块控制所述输出模块将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，当所述计时达到所述预设时间时，控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号经所述输出模块输出至对应的IGBT管。
在一种可能的设计中，所述延时模块包括第二开关、第一电阻和第一电容；
所述第二开关的控制端为所述延时模块的控制端，所述第二开关的输入端与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第二开关的输出端和所述第一电阻的一端的连接端为所述延时模块的输出端，所述第一电阻的另一端连接所述第一电容的一端，所述第一电容的另一端与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
在一种可能的设计中，所述延时模块还包括整形单元；
所述第二开关的输出端和所述第一电阻的一端的连接端为所述整形单元的输入端，所述整形单元的输出端为所述延时模块的输出端，所述整形单元为所述延时模块输出的控制信号进行整形后输出至所述输出模块的控制端。
在一种可能的设计中，所述整形单元包括第一非门和第二非门；
所述第一非门的输入端为所述整形单元的输入端，所述第一非门的输出端连接所述第二非门的输入端，所述第二非门的输出端为所述整形单元的输出端。
在一种可能的设计中，所述电压检测模块包括比较器、电压源；
所述比较器的同相端与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述电压源的正极输出端连接所述比较器的反相端，所述电压源的负极输与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
在一种可能的设计中，每一个所述调整电路还包括整形放大模块：
所述整形放大模块输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述整形放大模块输出端连接所述输出模块的输入端，所述整形放大模块为所述调整电路的信号输入端输入的信号进行放大和整形后输出至所述输出模块的输入端。
在一种可能的设计中，所述整形放大模块包括第三非门和第四非门；
所述第三非门的输入端为所述整形放大模块的输入端，所述第三非门的输出端连接所述第四非门的输入端，所述第四非门的输出端为整形放大模块的输出端。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第三非门中的MOS管尺寸为所述第四非门中MOS管尺寸的1/2。
在一种可能的设计中所述输出模块包括第三开关、第一PMOS管和第二NMOS管；
所述第三开关的控制端为所述输出模块的控制端，所述第三开关的第一选择端连接所述调整电路电源端正极，所述第三开关的第二选择端连接所述第一PMOS管的栅极，所述第三开关的固定端连接所述第二NMOS管的栅极，所述第一PMOS管的源极与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第一PMOS管的漏极和所述第二NMOS管的漏极连接端为所述输出模块输出端，所述第二NMOS管源极与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
在一种可能的设计中，所述调整电路还用于，
所述调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当所述电压值小于预设电压阀值时，所述调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号，当所述电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，并在延时预设时间后，控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
在一种可能的设计中，每一个所述调整电路包括电压检测模块、延时模块、输出模块、信号发生器、第一开关；
所述电压检测模块的输入端、所述延时模块电源端、信号发生器的电源端和所述输出模块电源端互连，构成所述调整电路的电源端，所述电压检测模块的输出端分别与所述延时模块的控制端和所述第一开关的控制端连接；所述延时模块的输出端连接所述输出模块的第二控制端；所述信号发生器输出端连接所述输出模块的第一控制端，输出模块的输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述输出模块的输出端连接所述第一开关的输入端，所述第一开关的输出端为所述调整电路的信号输出端；
所述电压检测模块在检测到所述调整电路输入端的电压值小于所述预设电压阈值时，控制所述第一开关由接通转为断开；
所述电压检测模块在检测到所述调整电路输入端的电压值大于等于所述预设电压阈值时，控制所述第一开关接通和所述延时模块开始计时，并通过所述信号发生器控制所述输出模块输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，当所述计时达到所述预设时间时，所述延时模块控制所述输出模块输出驱动信号经所述输出模块输出至对应的IGBT管。
在一种可能的设计中，所述输出模块包括第三开关、第一PMOS管和第二NMOS管；
所述第三开关的控制端为所述输出模块的第二控制端，所述第三开关的第一选择端为所述输出模块的第一控制端，所述第三开关的第二选择端连接所述第一PMOS管的栅极，所述第三开关的固定端连接所述第二NMOS管的栅极，所述第一PMOS管的源极与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第一PMOS管的漏极和所述第二NMOS管的漏极连接端为所述输出模块输出端，所述第二NMOS管源极与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
在一种可能的设计中，所述调整电路还用于，
所述调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当所述电压值小于预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号并开始计时，当计时时间未达到预设目标时间，且所述电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放；当计时时间达到所述预设目标时间时，控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
在一种可能的设计中，每一所述调整电路包括电压检测模块、计数模块、输出模块及第一开关；
所述电压检测模块的输入端、所述计数模块的电源端及所述输出模块的电源端互连，构成所述调整电路的电源端；所述电压检测模块的输出端分别与所述计数模块的输入端和所述第一开关的控制端连接；所述计数模块的输出端连接所述输出模块的控制端；所述输出模块的输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述输出模块的输出端连接所述第一开关的输入端，所述第一开关的输出端为所述调整电路的信号输出端；其中，
所述电压检测模块，用于在检测到所述调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，控制所述计数模块开始计时，并控制所述第一开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开；
所述计数模块，用于在开始计时时，输出第一触发信号控制输出模块输出低阻态；
当计时时间未达到预设目标时间，且所述电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，所述输出模块输出的低阻态将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放；当计时时间达到所述预设目标时间时，所述计数模块输出第二触发信号控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
在一种可能的设计中，所述输出模块包括第二开关、第三开关、第一PMOS管和第二NMOS管；
所述第二开关的输入端、所述第三开关的第一选择端和所述第一PMOS管的源极分别与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第二开关的输出端连接所述第三开关的控制端；
所述第三开关的第二选择端连接所述第一PMOS管的栅极，所述第三开关的固定端连接所述第二NMOS管的栅极，所述第一PMOS管的漏极和所述第二NMOS管的漏极连接端为所述输出模块输出端，所述第二NMOS管源极与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
在一种可能的设计中，所述调整电路还用于，
所述调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当所述电压值小于预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号并开始计时，当计时时间未达到预设目标时间，且所述电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放；当计时时间达到所述预设目标时间时，控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
在一种可能的设计中，每一所述调整电路包括电压检测模块、计数模块、信号发生器、输出模块及第一开关；
所述电压检测模块的输入端、所述计数模块的电源端、所述信号发生器的电源端及所述输出模块的电源端互连，构成所述调整电路的电源端；所述电压检测模块的输出端分别与所述计数模块的输入端和所述第一开关的控制端连接；所述计数模块的输出端连接所述输出模块的第一控制端；所述信号发生器的输出端连接所述输出模块的第二控制端；所述输出模块的输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述输出模块的输出端连接所述第一开关的输入端，所述第一开关的输出端为所述调整电路的信号输出端；其中，
所述电压检测模块，用于在检测到所述调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，控制所述计数模块开始计时，并控制所述第一开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开；
所述计数模块，用于在开始计时，输出第一触发信号并和所述信号发生器输出的脉冲信号同时控制输出模块输出低阻和高阻交替连续状态；
当计时时间未达到预设目标时间，且所述电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，所述输出模块输出的低阻和高阻交替连续状态将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放；当计时时间达到所述预设目标时间时，所述计数模块输出第二触发信号控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
在一种可能的设计中，所述输出模块包括第二开关、第三开关、第一PMOS管和第二NMOS管；
所述第二开关的输入端、和所述第一PMOS管的源极分别与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第二开关的输出端连接所述第三开关的控制端，所述第二开关的控制端为所述输出模块的第一控制端；
所述第三开关的第一选择端为所述输出模块的第二控制端；
所述第三开关的第二选择端连接所述第一PMOS管的栅极，所述第三开关的固定端连接所述第二NMOS管的栅极，所述第一PMOS管的漏极和所述第二NMOS管的漏极连接端为所述输出模块输出端，所述第二NMOS管源极与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
在一种可能的设计中，所述调整电路还用于，
所述调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当所述电压值小于预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号并开始计时，当电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，如果计时时间未达到第一目标时间，所述调整电路输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，如果计时时间超过所述第一目标时间且未达到第二目标时间，所述调整电路输出低阻态将对应IGBT管的电荷继续进行泄放,；如果计时时间达到所述第二目标时间时，控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
在一种可能的设计中，每一所述调整电路包括电压检测模块、计数模块、信号发生器、输出模块及第一开关；
所述电压检测模块的输入端、所述计数模块的电源端、所述信号发生器的电源端及所述输出模块的电源端互连，构成所述调整电路的电源端；所述电压检测模块的输出端分别与所述计数模块的输入端和所述第一开关的控制端连接；所述计数模块的第一输出端连接所述输出模块的第一控制端，所述计数模块的第二输出端连接所述输出模块的第二控制端；所述信号发生器的输出端连接所述输出模块的第三控制端；所述输出模块的输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述输出模块的输出端连接所述第一开关的输入端，所述第一开关的输出端为所述调整电路的信号输出端；其中，
所述电压检测模块，用于在检测到所述调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，控制所述计数模块开始计时，并控制所述第一开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开；
所述计数模块，用于在开始计时，所述计数模块的第一输出端和第二输出端同时输出第一触发信号并和所述信号发生器输出的脉冲信号同时控制输出模块输出低阻和高阻交替连续状态，且当计时时间超过所述第一目标时间且未达到所述第二目标时间，所述计数模块的第二输出端输出第二触发信号控制控制输出模块输出低阻状态；
当电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，如果计时时间未达到第一目标时间，所述输出模块输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，如果计时时间超过所述第一目标时间且未达到第二目标时间，所述输出模块输出低阻态将对应IGBT管的电荷继续进行泄放，当计时时间达到所述第二目标时间时，所述计数模块输出第三触发信号控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
在一种可能的设计中，所述输出模块包括第二开关、第三开关、第四开关、第一PMOS管和第二NMOS管；
所述第二开关的输入端、所述第三开关的第二选择端和所述第一PMOS管的源极分别与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第二开关的输出端连接所述第四开关的控制端，所述第二开关的控制端为所述输出模块的第一控制端；
所述第三开关的控制端为所述输出模块的第二控制端，所述第三开关的第一选择端为所述输出模块的第三控制端，所述第三开关的固定端连接所述第四开关的第一选择端；
所述第四开关的第二选择端连接所述第一PMOS管的栅极，所述第四开关的固定端连接所述第二NMOS管的栅极，所述第一PMOS管的漏极和所述第二NMOS管的漏极连接端为所述输出模块输出端，所述第二NMOS管源极与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
在一种可能的设计中，所述调整电路还用于，
所述调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当所述电压值小于预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号并开始计时，当电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，如果计时时间未达到第一预设目标时间，所述调整电路以低阻态为第一占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，如果计时时间超过所述第一预设目标时间且未达到第二预设目标时间，以低阻态为第二占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，其中第一占空比小于第二占空比；如果计时时间达到所述第二预设目标时间时，控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
在一种可能的设计中，每一所述调整电路包括电压检测模块、计数模块、第一信号发生器、第二信号发生器、输出模块及第一开关；
所述电压检测模块的输入端、所述计数模块的电源端、所述第一信号发生器的电源端、所述第二信号发生器的电源端及所述输出模块的电源端互连，构成所述调整电路的电源端；所述电压检测模块的输出端分别与所述计数模块的输入端和所述第一开关的控制端连接；所述计数模块的第一输出端连接所述输出模块的第一控制端，所述计数模块的第二输出端连接所述输出模块的第二控制端；所述第一信号发生器的输出端连接所述输出模块的第三控制端；所述第二信号发生器的输出端连接所述输出模块的第四控制端；所述输出模块的输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述输出模块的输出端连接所述第一开关的输入端，所述第一开关的输出端为所述调整电路的信号输出端；其中，
所述电压检测模块，用于在检测到所述调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，控制所述计数模块开始计时，并控制所述第一开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开；
所述计数模块，用于在开始计时，所述计数模块的第一输出端和第二输出端同时输出第一触发信号并和所述第一信号发生器输出的脉冲信号同时控制输出模块，以输出以低阻态为第一占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，且当计时时间超过所述第一预设目标时间且未达到所述第二预设目标时间，所述计数模块的第二输出端输出第二触发信号并和所述第二信号发生器输出的脉冲信号同时控制输出模块，以输出以低阻态为第二占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态；
当电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，如果计时时间未达到第一预设目标时间，所述输出模块输出以低阻态为第一占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，如果计时时间超过所述第一预设目标时间且未达到第二预设目标时间，所述输出模块输出以低阻态为第二占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷继续进行泄放，当计时时间达到所述第二目标时间时，所述计数模块输出第三触发信号控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
在一种可能的设计中，所述输出模块包括第二开关、第三开关、第四开关、第一PMOS管和第二NMOS管；
所述第二开关的输入端和所述第一PMOS管的源极分别与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第二开关的输出端连接所述第四开关的控制端，所述第二开关的控制端为所述输出模块的第一控制端；
所述第三开关的控制端为所述输出模块的第二控制端，所述第三开关的第一选择端为所述输出模块的第三控制端，所述第三开关的第二选择端为所述输出模块的第四控制端，所述第三开关的固定端连接所述第四开关的第一选择端；
所述第四开关的第二选择端连接所述第一PMOS管的栅极，所述第四开关的固定端连接所述第二NMOS管的栅极，所述第一PMOS管的漏极和所述第二NMOS管的漏极连接端为所述输出模块输出端，所述第二NMOS管源极与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
为实现上述目的，本发明还提供一种空调器控制器，所述空调器包括所述的智能功率模块。
本发明提供的智能功率模块，通过在内部的每个驱动电路和对应的IGBT管之间增加一个调整电路，该调整电路能实时检测智能功率模块低压区供电电压值的变化，并在其低压供电电源波动引起电压值过低使模块停止输出进而使得驱动电机的储能引起模块内部的IGBT管积蓄电荷时，能先切断驱动输出和IGBT管的驱动信号，使得IGBT管积蓄电荷先进行自然泄放，然后在低压供电电源恢复正常时，其调整电路输出低阻态进一步对IGBT管积蓄电荷进行快速泄放，并在延时预设时间后，调整电路恢复正常信号从输入到输出端的传输，使得驱动电路输出的驱动信号可以正常控制对应的IGBT管，由于此时的IGBT管上积蓄的电荷已经完全泄放掉，因此保证其模块的正常工作，避免了其积蓄电荷对模块的冲击影响其工作可靠性。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中智能功率模块的电路结构示意图；
图2为现有技术中智能功率模块实际工作的电路图；
图3为本发明第一实施例的智能功率模块的电路结构示意图；
图4为图3中输出调整电路的具体电路结构示意图；
图5为本发明第四实施例中智能功率模块的输出调整电路的具体电路结构示意图；
图6为本发明第五实施例中智能功率模块的输出调整电路的具体电路结构示意图；
图7为本发明第六实施例中智能功率模块的输出调整电路的具体电路结构示意图；
图8为本发明第七实施例中智能功率模块的输出调整电路的具体电路结构示意图；
图9为本发明第八实施例中智能功率模块的输出调整电路的具体电路结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
参照图3，图3为本发明第一实施例提供的IPM模块4100结构示意图，为了便于说明，仅示出了与本发明实施例相关的部分。
在本实施例中，该IPM模块4100包括三相上桥臂IGBT管和三相下桥臂IGBT管，以及与三相上桥臂IGBT管和三相下桥臂IGBT管中每一个IGBT管对应的驱动电路和调整电路；
每一个驱动电路输出端连接每一个对应的调整电路的信号输入端，每一个调整电路的信号输出端连接对应的每一个IGBT的栅极；
三相上桥臂IGBT管中每一个IGBT管对应的调整电路的电源端的正极和负极分别连接对应相的高压区供电电源正极和负极；三相下桥臂IGBT管中每一个IGBT管对应的调整电路的电源端的正极和负极分别连接IPM模块低压区供电电源的正极和负极；
调整电路用于对IPM模块低压区供电电源检测，并在其供电电压跌落时对IPM模块内部IGBT管积蓄的电荷进行泄放，并使得在供电电压恢复正常工作时，能持续将上述电荷完全泄放，以避免其电荷对IPM模块内部电路的冲击以影响其工作的可靠性。
具体的，调整电路用于检测其电源端的电压值，当电压值小于预设电压阈值时，调整电路切断驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号，当电压值大于或者等于预设电压阈值时，调整电路将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，并在延时预设时间后，控制驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
本实施例中，三相上桥臂IGBT管分别为U相上桥臂IGBT管4121、V相上桥臂IGBT管4122和W相上桥臂IGBT管4123，三相下桥臂IGBT管分别为U相下桥臂IGBT管4124、V相下桥臂IGBT管4125和W相下桥臂IGBT管4126，这六个IGBT管分别构成IPM模块三相上桥臂和三相下桥臂对应的功率电路，为IPM模块驱动负载电机提供对应的三相电流和电压，进一步的，每个桥臂对应相的功率电路还可以包括并联在每个IGBT管上的FRD管(Fast Recovery Diode ，快速恢复二极管)，为对应的IGBT管提供反向电压续流，起到保护作用。
本实施例中与三相上桥臂IGBT管和三相下桥臂IGBT管中每一个IGBT管对应的驱动电路和调整电路分别是:
与U相上桥臂IGBT管4121连接的UH输出调整电路14A，与UH输出调整电路14A连接的UH驱动电路14；
与V相上桥臂IGBT管4122连接的VH输出调整电路24A，与VH输出调整电路24A连接的VH驱动电路24；
与W相上桥臂IGBT管4123连接的WH输出调整电路34A，与WH输出调整电路34A连接的WH驱动电路34；
与U相下桥臂IGBT管4124连接的UL输出调整电路44A，与UL输出调整电路44A连接的UL驱动电路44；
与W相下桥臂IGBT管4125连接的WL输出调整电路54A，与WL输出调整电路54A连接的WL驱动电路54；
与V相下桥臂IGBT管4126连接的VL输出调整电路64A，与VL输出调整电路64A连接的VL驱动电路64；
本实施例中，上述的六个驱动电路和调整电路集成在HVIC管4400中，在实际应用中，这六个驱动电路和调整电路也可以独立存在，或者上桥臂对应的三个驱动电路和调整电路集成在HVIC管中，下桥臂对应的三个驱动电路和调整电路集成在LVIC管（Low Voltage Integrated Circuit，低压集成电路芯片）中，其具体设置方式可根据IPM模块的内部结构方式不同而不同。
本实施例中，HVIC管4400的电源正端VCC端作为智能功率模块4100的低压区供电电源正端VDD，VDD一般为15V，HVIC管4400的电源负端GND作为智能功率模块4100的低压区供电电源负端COM，而对应相的高压区供电电源是由于与直流母线电压的接入形成高压，如直流母线电压经P端接入一般为300V左右；
HVIC管4400的第一输入端HIN1作为所述智能功率模块4100的U相上桥臂输入端UHIN，与UH驱动电路14输入端连接；
HVIC管4400的第二输入端HIN2作为智能功率模块4100的V相上桥臂输入端VHIN，与VH驱动电路24输入端连接；
HVIC管4400的第三输入端HIN3作为智能功率模块4100的W相上桥臂输入端WHIN，与WH驱动电路34输入端连接；
HVIC管4400的第四输入端LIN1作为智能功率模块4100的U相下桥臂输入端ULIN，与UL驱动电路44输入端连接；
HVIC管4400的第五输入端LIN2作为智能功率模块4100的V相下桥臂输入端VLIN，与VL驱动电路54输入端连接；
HVIC管4400的第六输入端LIN3作为智能功率模块4100的W相下桥臂输入端WLIN，与WL驱动电路64输入端连接；
UL驱动电路44、WL驱动电路54、VL驱动电路64的供电电源为智能功率模块4100低压区供电电源，UL输出调整电路44A、WL输出调整电路54A、VL输出调整电路64A的电源输入与之相同；
UH驱动电路14、VH驱动电路24、WH驱动电路34有两组供电电源输入，一组为智能功率模块4100低压区供电电源，另外一组为对应相的高压区供电电源，而UH输出调整电路14A、VH输出调整电路24A、WH输出调整电路34A的电源输入与对应连接的驱动电路的高压区供电电源相同，即UH驱动电路14、UH输出调整电路14A的电源输入为U相高压供电电源UVB和UVS；VH驱动电路24、VH输出调整电路24A的电源输入为V相高压供电电源VVB和VVS；WH驱动电路34、WH输出调整电路34A的电源输入为V相高压供电电源WVB和WVS。
本实施例中，IPM模块4100的直流母线电压输入端P分别连接上述六个IGBT管的集电极，其UN、VN、WN分别为其中三个下桥臂IGBT管的发射极输出端，IPM模块4100还包括三个自举电容4133、4132、4131，分别并联在对应相的高压区供电电源端。
在IPM模块4100正常工作过程中，UHIN、VHIN、WHIN、ULIN、VLIN、WLIN六路输入信号中相同相的上桥臂和下桥臂输入信号只能有一个为高电平，另外一个必须为低电平，即UHIN、ULIN中只能有一个高电平，VHIN、VLIN中只能有一个高电平，WHIN、WLIN只能有一个高电平。
以U相上桥臂和下桥臂输入信号UHIN、ULIN为例，当UHIN输入低电平时，ULIN必须输入高电平，此时UHIN经UH驱动电路14和UH输出调整电路14A输入到U相上桥臂IGBT管4121栅极使其截止，ULIN经UL驱动电路44和UL输出调整电路44A输入到U相下桥臂IGBT管4124栅极使其导通，此时，IPM模块4100的低压区供电电源VDD经UH驱动电路14内部自举电路给自举电容4133充电，其充电回路为VDD经UH驱动电路14内部到UVB到经自举电容4133、U相下桥臂IGBT管4124到达低压区供电电源负端COM，经过足够长时间后期电容两端接近电压区供电电压即15V，即此时U相高压供电电源UVB相对UVS电压接近15V；而当UHIN输入高电平时，ULIN必须输入低电平时，U相上桥臂IGBT管4121导通，U相下桥臂IGBT管4124截止，此时直流母线电压经P端和U相上桥臂IGBT管4121到达UVS接近300V，由于自举电容4133两端已经有接近15V的电压，因此其UVB端被抬到接近315V。因而U相高压供电电源UVB和UVS的电压是随着U相上桥臂和下桥臂输入信号UHIN、ULIN的不同而变化的，如果U相上桥臂输入的高电平信号相对短且自举电容4133存储的电量相对多时，UVB相对UVS的电压可保持14V以上，即UH输出调整电路14A和UH驱动电路14高压区输入电源可保持14V以上。
同理其他相的高压区输入电源也可保持14V以上。
本实施例中，每一个调整电路包括电压检测模块、延时模块、所述延时模块和第一开关，以UH输出调整电路14A为例，如图4所示，UH输出调整电路14A包括电压检测模块10、延时模块20、输出模块30和第一开关5001。
电压检测模块10的输入端、延时模块20电源端和输出模块30电源端互连，构成调整电路的电源端，电压检测模块10的输出端分别连接延时模块20的控制端和第一开关5001的控制端；延时模块20的输出端连接延时模块20的连接输出模块30的控制端；输出模块30的输入端为调整电路的信号输入端IN，输出模块30的输出端连接所述第一开关5001的输入端，第一开关5001的输出端为调整电路的信号输出端OUT；
电压检测模块10在检测到调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，控制第一开关5001由接通转为断开；
电压检测模块10在检测到调整电路输入端的电压值大于等于预设电压阈值时，控制第一开关5001接通和延时模块20开始计时，并通过延时模块20控制输出模块30将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，当计时达到预设时间时，延时模块20控制驱动电路输出驱动信号经输出模块30输出至对应的IGBT管。
具体的，电压检测模块10包括比较器5009、电压源5008；
比较器5009的同相端为电压检测模块5008输入端正极VB1，电压源5008的正极输出端连接比较器5009的反相端，电压源5008的负极输为电压检测模块10输入端负极VS1。其中电压源5008为比较器5009的反相端提供稳定的基准电压，电压源5008可以设计为6V或者比IPM模块4100的欠压保护低1~2V的值。
延时模块20包括第二开关5011、第一电阻5012和第一电容5002；
第二开关5011的控制端为延时模块20的控制端，第二开关5011的输入端与调整电路电源端正极VB1连接，第二开关5011的输出端和第一电阻5012的一端的连接端为延时模块20的输出端，第一电阻5012的另一端连接第一电容5002的一端，第一电容5002的另一端与所述调整电路电源端负极VS1连接。
输出模块30包括第三开关5007、第一PMOS管5003和第二NMOS管5004；
第三开关5007的控制端为输出模块30的控制端，第三开关5007的第一选择端连接调整电路电源端正极VB1，第三开关5007的第二选择端连接第一PMOS管5003的栅极，第三开关5007的固定端连接第二NMOS管5004的栅极，第一PMOS管5003的源极为输出模块30的电源正极VB1，第一PMOS管5003的漏极和第二NMOS管5004的漏极连接端为输出模块30输出端，第二NMOS管5004源极连接调整电路电源端负极VS1。
本实施例的调整电路工作原理如下：在IPM模块4100正常工作过程中，六路输入信号能经过对应的驱动电路进行驱动放大后再经调整电路输入到对应桥臂的IGBT管栅极，以控制其进行开关状态切换，最终输出对应的三相驱动信号以驱动电机的正常运行，由于IPM模块4100所处的工作环境比较恶劣，电源存在不稳定情况，因此会引起IPM模块4100的低压供电电源即VDD波动，使得VDD低于IPM模块4100的欠压保护值，使得驱动模块不能正常工作关断输出的驱动信号，进而使得IPM模块4100突然停止输出，由于驱动电机为感性负载，驱动电机内部绕组会储能产生感应电动势，其感应电动势会传导到IPM模块4100，进而使得PM模块4100的IGBT管上积蓄电荷，此时与IGBT管连接的输出调整电路开始起到对IGBT管上电荷进行泄放的作用，具体如下：
电压检测模块10检测到调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，具体来说是比较器5009的同相端电压低于反相端接入的电压源5008电压值时，电压检测模块10通过比较器5009输出端输出第一控制信号即低电平信号到第二开关5011控制端和第一开关5001的控制端，控制这两个开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开。
当第二开关5001断开时，输出模块30输出端与调整电路输出端OUT的连接断开，此时调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号，即断开调整电路输出端OUT，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电。
当第二开关5011断开时，第一电容5012通过第一电阻5002迅速放电输出低电平的第二控制信号到第三开关5007控制端，使得第三开关5007的固定端的连接到第一选择端，此时调整电路的供电电源正极加载在第二NMOS管5004的栅极，使得第二NMOS管5004导通。
电压检测模块10检测到调整电路输入端的电压值大于等于预设电压阈值时，具体来说是比较器5009的同相端电压高于或等于反相端接入的电压源5008电压值时，电压检测模块10通过比较器5009输出端输出第三控制信号即高电平信号到第二开关5011控制端和第一开关5001的控制端，控制这两个开关由断开转为接通。
当第二开关5001接通时，由于第二NMOS管5004已经处于导通状态，因此此时输出模块30输出为低阻态，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进一步通过第二NMOS管5004进行继续的泄放，且电荷泄放的速度要比之前的自然泄放快。
当第二开关5011接通时，调整电路的供电电源电压VB1通过第二开关5011经第一电阻5012对第一电容5002进行充电，当经过预设时间，第一电容5002上的电压上升到高电平时其输出第四控制信号使得第三开关5007的固定端连接到所述第二选择端，此时控制驱动电路输出驱动信号经输出模块30输出至对应的IGBT管，即实现了调整电路的输入端IN可以正常输出到输出端OUT，即IPM模块4100恢复正常工作状态，由于IGBT管上积蓄电荷经过上述预设时间的泄放已经泄放完成，以此保证IPM模块4100能恢复正常工作。
值得说明的是，在调整电路在检测到由于低压供电电源即VDD波动使得电压过低时，此时首先控制第一开关5001断开使得IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电，而不是直接控制第二NMOS管5004对电荷进行泄放的原因是由于此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷较多，如果直接通过第二NMOS管5004进行泄放会导致泄放电流过大引起第二NMOS管5004积热过多甚至导致损坏，因此先通过第一开关5001断开使得IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电，待低压供电电源恢复正常后，其积蓄的电话已经泄放了一段时间，有可能已经泄放完全，也有可能不完全，具体根据低压供电电源从电压低落过低到恢复正常的时间确定，因此再通过控制第二NMOS管5004导通对其进行进一步的泄放，以确保其电荷能泄放完全，经过一个预设时间后调整电路恢复正常工作，这样有利于IPM模块4100更加安全可靠的工作。
其中，对应延时模块20的第一电阻5012和第一电容5002取值选择可以如下：
取对第一电容5002充电达到的高电平为7.5V，时间参数Tx设计为1µs，则：
得：，
根据上述公式可设计第一电容5002电容容量10pF，第一电阻5012阻值144kΩ可满足要求。
上述为UH输出调整电路14A，其他输出调整电路的工作原理与之相同，值得说明的是UH输出调整电路14A、VH输出调整电路24A、WH输出调整电路34A的供电电源为对应相的高压区供电电源，其电源电压相对低压区的COM端是可变的，但其供电电源的正端相对负端的电压即输入的电压值在IPM模块4100正常工作时是不变的，而UL输出调整电路44A、WL输出调整电路54A、VL输出调整电路64A的工电电源为IPM模块4100低压区供电电源，其电压值与上述高压区供电电源正端相对负端接近相同，而在IPM模块4100的低压供电电源即VDD波动时，由于三个自举电容的充电也会因此对于波动，所以其高压区的供电电源正端相对负端的电压也会随之波动，其电压值也与低压区的电压值接近相同。
本发明实施例的IPM模块4100通过在内部的每个驱动电路和对应的IGBT管之间增加一个调整电路，该调整电路能实时检测IPM模块4100低压区供电电压值的变化，并在其低压供电电源波动引起电压值过低使模块停止输出进而使得驱动电机的储能引起模块内部的IGBT管积蓄电荷时，能先切断驱动输出和IGBT管的驱动信号，使得IGBT管积蓄电荷先进行自然泄放，然后在低压供电电源恢复正常时，其调整电路输出低阻态进一步对IGBT管积蓄电荷进行快速泄放，并在延时预设时间后，调整电路恢复正常信号从输入到输出端的传输，使得驱动电路输出的驱动信号可以正常控制对应的IGBT管，由于此时的IGBT管上积蓄的电荷已经完全泄放掉，因此保证其模块的正常工作，避免了其积蓄电荷对模块的冲击影响其工作可靠性。
进一步的，基于本发明智能功率模块第一实施例，本发明空调器智能功率模块第二实施例中，如图4所示，每一个调整电路还包括整形放大模块，以UH输出调整电路14A为例，UH输出调整电路14A还包括整形放大模块40：
整形放大模块40输入端连接调整电路的输入端，整形放大模块40输出端连接第二开关5007的第二选择端，整形放大模块40为调整电路的输入端信号进行放大和整形后输出至第二开关5007的第二选择端。
具体的，整形放大模块40包括第三非门5005和第四非门5006；
第三非门5005的输入端为整形放大模块40的输入端，第三非门5005的输出端连接第四非门5006的输入端，第四非门5006的输出端为整形放大模块40的输出端。
在IPM模块4100正常工作过程中，调整电路的输入端IN的输入信号经第三非门5005和第四非门5006两极放大和整形后，由输出模块30的第一PMOS管5003和第二NMOS管5004进行功率驱动后输出。
进一步的，构成第三非门5005和第四非门5006中的MOS管的尺寸可以不同，第三非门5005的MOS管尺寸比第四非门5006尺寸小，因为信号首先经第三非门5005放大后其信号强度增大，在由第四非门5006放大时对其器件功率增大，因此其内部MOS管的设计尺寸可比第三非门5005的大，例如第三非门5005的MOS管尺寸可设计为第四非门5006中MOS管尺寸的1/2。
进一步的，基于本发明智能功率模块第一实施例，本发明空调器智能功率模块第三实施例中，如图4所示，延时模块20还包括整形单元21；
第二开关5011的输出端和第一电阻5012的一端的连接端为整形单元21的输入端，整形单元21的输出端为延时模块20的输出端，整形单元21为延时模块20输出的控制信号进行整形后输出至输出模块30的控制端。
具体的，整形单元21包括第一非门5010和第二非门5008；
第一非门5010的输入端为整形单元21的输入端，第一非门5010的输出端连接第二非门5008的输入端，第二非门5008的输出端为整形单元21的输出端。
第一非门5010和第二非门5008提供对延时模块20的第一电容5002上的电压整形后输出到第三开关5007的控制端，同时由于非门输出信号的转换对输入信号阈值有要求，因此也对第一电容5002上的电压输入有阈值要求，只有达到阈值时，其非门输出才转换，再经下一级非门整形后保证其与输出与第一级非门输入信号一致。例如第一非门5010的输入阈值Vth可设计为7.5V，以此可以确定第一电容5002和第一电阻5012设计参数。
进一步的，基于本发明智能功率模块第一实施例，本发明空调器智能功率模块第四实施例中，调整电路还用于，
调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当电压值小于预设电压阀值时，调整电路切断驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号，当电压值大于或者等于预设电压阈值时，调整电路输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，并在延时预设时间后，控制驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
本实施例中，每一个调整电路包括电压检测模块、延时模块、输出模块、第一开关、第二开关和第三开关，以UH输出调整电路14A为例，如图5所示，UH输出调整电路14A包括电压检测模块10、延时模块20、输出模块30、信号发生器5013、第一开关5001。
电压检测模块10的输入端、延时模块20电源端、信号发生器5013的电源端和输出模块30电源端互连，构成调整电路的电源端，电压检测模块10的输出端连接延时模块20的控制端和第一开关5001的控制端；延时模块20的输出端连接输出模块30的第二控制端；信号发生器5013输出端连接输出模块30的第一控制端，输出模块30的输入端为调整电路的信号输入端IN，输出模块30的输出端连接第一开关5001的输入端，第一开关5001的输出端为调整电路的信号输出端OUT ；
电压检测模块10在检测到调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，控制第一开关5001由接通转为断开；
电压检测模块10在检测到调整电路输入端的电压值大于等于预设电压阈值时，控制第一开关5001接通和延时模块20开始计时，并通过信号发生器5013控制输出模块30输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，当计时达到预设时间值时，控制驱动电路输出驱动信号经输出模块30输出至对应的IGBT管。
具体的，电压检测模块10包括比较器5009、电压源5008；
比较器5009的同相端与调整电路电源端正极VB1连接，电压源5008的正极输出端连接比较器5009的反相端，电压源5008的负极与调整电路电源端负极VS1连接。其中电压源5008为比较器5009的反相端提供稳定的基准电压，电压源5008可以设计为6V或者比IPM模块4100的欠压保护低1~2V的值。
延时模块20包括第二开关5011、第一电阻5012和第一电容5002；
第二开关5011的控制端为延时模块20的控制端，第二开关5011的输入端与调整电路电源端正极VB1连接，第二开关5011的输出端和第一电阻5012的一端的连接端为延时模块20的输出端，第一电阻5012的另一端连接第一电容5002的一端，第一电容5002的另一端与调整电路电源端负极VS1连接。
输出模块30包括第三开关5007、第一PMOS管5003和第二NMOS管5004；
第三开关5007的控制端为输出模块30的第二控制端，第三开关5007的第一选择端为输出模块30的第一控制端，第三开关5007的第二选择端连接第一PMOS管5003的栅极，第三开关5007的固定端连接第二NMOS管5004的栅极，第一PMOS管5003的源极与调整电路电源端正极VB1连接，第一PMOS管5003的漏极和第二NMOS管5004的漏极连接端为输出模块30输出端，第二NMOS管5004源极与调整电路电源端负极VS1连接。
信号发生器5013内部可包含振荡电路，产生连续的开关信号，例如开关信号可以是占空比50%的脉冲信号，脉冲宽度可设计为100ns；
本实施例的调整电路工作原理如下：在IPM模块4100正常工作过程中，六路输入信号能经过对应的驱动电路进行驱动放大后再经调整电路输入到对应桥臂的IGBT管栅极，以控制其进行开关状态切换，最终输出对应的三相驱动信号以驱动电机的正常运行，由于IPM模块4100所处的工作环境比较恶劣，电源存在不稳定情况，因此会引起IPM模块4100的低压供电电源即VDD波动，使得VDD低于IPM模块4100的欠压保护值，使得驱动模块不能正常工作关断输出的驱动信号，进而使得IPM模块4100突然停止输出，由于驱动电机为感性负载，驱动电机内部绕组会储能产生感应电动势，其感应电动势会传导到IPM模块4100，进而使得PM模块4100的IGBT管上积蓄电荷，此时与IGBT管连接的输出调整电路开始起到对IGBT管上电荷进行泄放的作用，具体如下：
电压检测模块10检测到调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，具体来说是比较器5009的同相端电压低于反相端接入的电压源5008电压值时，电压检测模块10通过比较器5009输出端输出第一控制信号即低电平信号到第一开关5011控制端和第三开关5001的控制端，控制这两个开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开。
当第三开关5001断开时，输出模块30输出端与调整电路输出端OUT的连接断开，以切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号，即断开调整电路输出端OUT，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电。
当第一开关5011断开时，延时模块5012内部的第一电容5012通过第一电阻5002迅速放电输出低电平的第二控制信号到第二开关5007控制端，使得第二开关5007的固定端的连接到第一选择端，此时信号发生器5013产生的连续开关信号输入到输出模块30的第二输入端，即加载在第二NMOS管5004的栅极；
电压检测模块10检测到调整电路输入端的电压值大于等于预设电压阈值时，具体来说是比较器5009的同相端电压高于或等于反相端接入的电压源5008电压值时，电压检测模块10通过比较器5009输出端输出第三控制信号即高电平信号到第一开关5011控制端和第三开关5001的控制端，控制这两个开关由断开转为接通。
当第三开关5001接通时，先前信号发生器5013产生的连续开关信号加载在第二NMOS管5004的栅极使得第二NMOS管5004处于连续的开关状态，此时输出模块30输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进一步通过第二NMOS管5004的连续开关状态进行继续的泄放，且电荷泄放的速度要比之前的自然泄放快。
当第一开关5011接通时，调整电路的供电电源电压VB1通过第一开关5011经第一电阻5012对第一电容5002进行充电，当经过预设时间，第一电容5002上的电压上升到高电平时其输出第四控制信号使得第二开关5007的固定端连接到所述第二选择端，此时控制驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管，即实现了调整电路的输入端IN可以正常输出到输出端OUT，即IPM模块4100恢复正常工作状态，由于IGBT管上积蓄电荷经过上述预设时间的泄放已经泄放完成，以此保证IPM模块4100能恢复正常工作。
值得说明的是，在调整电路在检测到由于低压供电电源即VDD波动使得电压过低时，此时首先控制第三开关5001断开使得IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电，而不是直接控制第二NMOS管5004对电荷进行泄放的原因是由于此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷较多，如果直接通过第二NMOS管5004进行泄放会导致泄放电流过大引起第二NMOS管5004积热过多甚至导致损坏，因此先通过第三开关5001断开使得IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电，待低压供电电源恢复正常后，其积蓄的电话已经泄放了一段时间，有可能已经泄放完全，也有可能不完全，具体根据低压供电电源从电压低落过低到恢复正常的时间确定，因此再通过信号发生器5013控制第二NMOS管5004连续的开关状态对其进行进一步的泄放，以确保其电荷能泄放完全，这里通过信号发生器5013控制第二NMOS管5004连续的开关状态的原因是使得电荷通过第二NMOS管5004进行泄放时不至于发生热积聚，如以占空比50%脉冲控制第二NMOS管5004开关时，在50%时间泄放发热后，另外50%时间用于冷却，如果直接控制第二NMOS管5004连续导通，有可能因为电荷比较多使得泄放时第二NMOS管5004会积热过多以至损坏。经过一个预设时间后调整电路恢复正常工作，这样有利于IPM模块4100更加安全可靠的工作。
其中，对应延时模块20的第一电阻5012和第一电容5002取值选择可以如下：
取对第一电容5002充电达到的高电平为7.5V，时间参数Tx设计为1µs，则：
得：，
根据上述公式可设计第一电容5002电容容量10pF，第一电阻5012阻值144kΩ可满足要求。
上述为UH输出调整电路14A，其他输出调整电路的工作原理与之相同，值得说明的是UH输出调整电路14A、VH输出调整电路24A、WH输出调整电路34A的供电电源为对应相的高压区供电电源，其电源电压相对低压区的COM端是可变的，但其供电电源的正端相对负端的电压即输入的电压值在IPM模块4100正常工作时是不变的，而UL输出调整电路44A、WL输出调整电路54A、VL输出调整电路64A的工电电源为IPM模块4100低压区供电电源，其电压值与上述高压区供电电源正端相对负端接近相同，而在IPM模块4100的低压供电电源即VDD波动时，由于三个自举电容的充电也会因此对于波动，所以其高压区的供电电源正端相对负端的电压也会随之波动，其电压值也与低压区的电压值接近相同。
本发明实施例的IPM模块4100通过在内部的每个驱动电路和对应的IGBT管之间增加一个调整电路，该调整电路能实时检测IPM模块4100低压区供电电压值的变化，并在其低压供电电源波动引起电压值过低使模块停止输出进而使得驱动电机的储能引起模块内部的IGBT管积蓄电荷时，能先切断驱动输出和IGBT管的驱动信号，使得IGBT管积蓄电荷先进行自然泄放，然后在低压供电电源恢复正常时，其调整电路输出连续的低阻和高阻交替的状态进一步对IGBT管积蓄电荷进行快速泄放，并在延时预设时间后，调整电路恢复正常信号从输入到输出端的传输，使得驱动电路输出的驱动信号可以正常控制对应的IGBT管，由于此时的IGBT管上积蓄的电荷已经完全泄放掉，因此保证其模块的正常工作，避免了其积蓄电荷对模块的冲击影响其工作可靠性。
进一步的，基于本发明智能功率模块第一实施例，本发明空调器智能功率模块第五实施例中，调整电路还用于，
调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当电压值小于预设电压阈值时，调整电路切断驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号并开始计时，当计时时间未达到预设目标时间，且电压值大于或者等于预设电压阈值时，调整电路将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放；当计时时间达到预设目标时间时，控制驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
本实施例中，每一个调整电路包括电压检测模块、计数模块、输出模块及第一开关，以UH输出调整电路14A为例，如图6所示，UH输出调整电路14A包括电压检测模块10、计数模块20、输出模块30及第一开关5001。
调整电路的输入端IN连接第二开关5007的第二选择端；
电压检测模块10的输入端、计数模块20的电源端及输出模块30的电源端互连，构成调整电路14A的电源端；电压检测模块10的输出端分别与计数模块20的输入端和第一开关5001的控制端连接；计数模块20的输出端连接输出模块30的控制端；输出模块30的输入端为调整电路14A的信号输入端，输出模块30的输出端连接第一开关5001的输入端，第一开关5001的输出端为调整电路14A的信号输出端；其中，
电压检测模块10，用于在检测到调整电路14A输入端的电压值小于预设阈值时，控制计数模块20开始计时，并控制第一开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开；
计数模块20，用于在开始计时时，输出第一触发信号控制输出模块30输出低阻态；
当计时时间未达到预设目标时间，且电压值大于或者等于预设阈值时，输出模块30输出的低阻态将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放；当计时时间达到预设目标时间时，计数模块20输出第二触发信号控制驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
具体的，电压检测模块10包括比较器5009、电压源5008；
比较器5009的同相端与调整电路电源端正极连接，电压源5008的正极连接比较器5009的反相端，电压源5008的负极与调整电路电源端负极连接。
计数模块10包括第一非门5012和计数器5002；
第一非门5012的输入端为计数模块10输入端，第一非门5012的输出端连接计数器5002输入端，计数器5002输出端为计数模块10输出端。
输出模块30包括第二开关5011、第三开关5007、第一PMOS管5003和第二NMOS管5004；
第二开关5011的输入端、第三开关5007的第一选择端和第一PMOS管5003的源极分别与调整电路14A电源端VB1正极连接，第二开关5011的输出端连接第三开关5007的控制端；
第三开关5007的第二选择端连接第一PMOS管5003的栅极，第三开关5007的固定端连接第二NMOS管5004的栅极，第一PMOS管5003的漏极和第二NMOS管5004的漏极连接端为输出模块30输出端，第二NMOS管5004源极与调整电路14A电源端负极VS1连接。
值得说明的是上述第一开关5001、第二开关5011和第三开关5007可为模拟电子开关。
本实施例的调整电路工作原理如下：在IPM模块4100正常工作过程中，六路输入信号能经过对应的驱动电路进行驱动放大后再经调整电路输入到对应桥臂的IGBT管栅极，以控制其进行开关状态切换，最终输出对应的三相驱动信号以驱动电机的正常运行，由于IPM模块4100所处的工作环境比较恶劣，电源存在不稳定情况，因此会引起IPM模块4100的低压供电电源即VDD波动，使得VDD低于IPM模块4100的欠压保护值，使得驱动模块不能正常工作关断输出的驱动信号，进而使得IPM模块4100突然停止输出，由于驱动电机为感性负载，驱动电机内部绕组会储能产生感应电动势，其感应电动势会传导到IPM模块4100，进而使得PM模块4100的IGBT管上积蓄电荷，此时与IGBT管连接的输出调整电路开始起到对IGBT管上电荷进行泄放的作用，具体如下：
电压检测模块10检测到调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，具体来说是比较器5009的同相端电压低于反相端接入的电压源5008电压值时，电压检测模块10通过比较器5009输出端输出控制信号即低电平信号到第一开关5001控制端和计数模块20，控制第一开关5001由正常工作时的接通转为断开。
当第一开关5001断开时，输出模块30输出端与调整电路输出端OUT的连接断开，此时调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号，即断开调整电路输出端OUT，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电。
当计数模块20输入端变为低电平时，经计数模块20的第一非门5012反相变为高电平，此时计数器5002输入端的电平由低电平变为高电平，使得计数器5002开始计数，同时使计数器5002输出变为低电平的第一触发信号，使得第二开关5011断开，进一步使得第三开关5007的控制端也从与第二选择端连接变成与第一选择端连接，此时调整电路的供电电源正端加载在输出模块30的第二NMOS管5004的栅极，使得第二NMOS管5004导通。
电压检测模块10检测到调整电路输入端的电压值上升，使得电压值大于等于预设电压阈值时，具体来说是比较器5009的同相端电压高于或等于反相端接入的电压源5008电压值时，电压检测模块10通过比较器5009输出端输出控制信号即高电平信号到第一开关5001控制端和计数模块20，控制第一开关5001由断开转为接通。
当第一开关5001接通时，此时根据计数模块20的计时分为两种状态：
如果计数模块20的计数器5002计时未到预设目标时间如1024us，此时计数器5002输出端任维持第电平状态，第三开关5007的状态不变，由于第二NMOS管5004已经处于导通状态，因此此时输出模块30输出为低阻态，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进一步通过第二NMOS管5004进行继续的泄放，且电荷泄放的速度要比之前的自然泄放快。
如果计数模块20的计数器5002计时已到预设目标时间如1024us，则计数器5002计时完成输出高电平的第二触发信号，使得第二开关5011接通，进一步使得第三开关5007的控制端也从与第一选择端连接变成与第二选择端连接，此时驱动电路输出的驱动信号经输出模块30和第一开关5001输出至对应的IGBT管，即实现了调整电路的输入端IN可以正常输出到输出端OUT，即IPM模块4100恢复正常工作状态。
上述调整电路输入端的电压值在跌落后恢复时，IGBT管上积蓄电荷通过输出模块30进行进一步泄放的时间取决于电压值跌落到恢复的时间与计数模块20的计时时间之间的长短关系。如果电压值在跌落到恢复的时间比较长，超过了计数模块20的计时时间，则在此期间IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电已经可以完全泄放掉，因此当电压上升恢复时，输出模块直接驱动电路输出的驱动信号输出并经第一开关5001到对应的IGBT管，不需要再进行经输出模块低阻态的进一步泄放。如果电压值在跌落到恢复的时间比较短，小于计数模块20的计时时间，当电压上升恢复时，IGBT管上积蓄电荷经上一步自然泄放可能还不完全，还需要经输出模块低阻态的进一步泄放，如果计数模块20的计时时间1024us，在电压上升恢复时计数模块20已经计时的时间为TM。其进一步泄放的时间TT计算如下：
TT=1024-TM
其时间TT保证了IGBT管上积蓄电荷经上一步自然泄放后再进一步的泄放完全。
本发明实施例的IPM模块4100通过在内部的每个驱动电路和对应的IGBT管之间增加一个调整电路，该调整电路能实时检测IPM模块4100低压区供电电压值的变化，并在其低压供电电源波动引起电压值过低使模块停止输出进而使得驱动电机的储能引起模块内部的IGBT管积蓄电荷时，能先切断驱动输出和IGBT管的驱动信号，使得IGBT管积蓄电荷先进行自然泄放，此时该调整电路开始计时，然后在低压供电电源恢复正常时，如果电压值降低到恢复的时间长超过目标时间则直接控制驱动电路输出的驱动信号到对应的IGBT管，如果电压值降低到恢复的时间小于目标时间，则取电压恢复时计时到目标时间的剩余时间内输出低阻态进一步对IGBT管积蓄电荷进行快速泄放。保证了在IGBT管积蓄电荷能快速的得到泄放，又能缩短IPM模块4100在低压供电电压波动时恢复的时间，使模块可以比较快速的恢复正常工作，并同时避免了蓄电荷对模块的冲击影响其工作可靠性。
进一步的，基于本发明智能功率模块第一实施例，本发明空调器智能功率模块第六实施例中，调整电路还用于，
调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当电压值小于预设电压阈值时，调整电路切断驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号并开始计时，当计时时间未达到预设目标时间，且电压值大于或者等于预设电压阈值时，调整电路输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放；当计时时间达到预设目标时间时，控制驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
本实施例中，每一个调整电路包括电压检测模块、计数模块、输出模块及第一开关，以UH输出调整电路14A为例，如图7所示，UH输出调整电路14A包括电压检测模块10、计数模块20、信号发生器5013、输出模块30及第一开关5001。
调整电路的输入端IN连接第二开关5007的第二选择端；
电压检测模块10的输入端、计数模块20的电源端、第一开关5001的输入端、信号发生器5013的电源端及输出模块30的电源端互连，构成调整电路14A的电源端；电压检测模块10的输出端分别与计数模块20的输入端和第一开关5001的控制端连接；计数模块20的输出端连接输出模块30的第一控制端；信号发生器5013的输出端连接输出模块30的第二控制端；输出模块30的输入端为调整电路14A的信号输入端，输出模块30的输出端连接第一开关5001的输入端，第一开关5001的输出端为调整电路14A的信号输出端；其中，
电压检测模块10，用于在检测到调整电路14A输入端的电压值小于预设阈值时，控制计数模块20开始计时，并控制第一开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开；
计数模块20，用于在开始计时时，输出第一触发信号并和信号发生器5013输出的脉冲信号同时控制输出模块30输出低阻和高阻交替连续状态；
当计时时间未达到预设目标时间，且电压值大于或者等于预设阈值时，输出模块30输出的低阻和高阻交替连续状态将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放；当计时时间达到预设目标时间时，计数模块20输出第二触发信号控制驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
具体的，电压检测模块10包括比较器5009、电压源5008；
比较器5009的同相端与调整电路电源端正极连接，电压源5008的正极连接比较器5009的反相端，电压源5008的负极与调整电路电源端负极连接。
计数模块10包括第一非门5012和计数器5002；
第一非门5012的输入端为计数模块10输入端，第一非门5012的输出端连接计数器5002输入端，计数器5002输出端为计数模块10输出端。
输出模块30包括第二开关5011、第三开关5007、第一PMOS管5003和第二NMOS管5004；
第二开关5011的输入端和第一PMOS管5003的源极分别与调整电路14A电源端VB1正极连接，第二开关5011的输出端连接第三开关5007的控制端第二开关5011的控制端为输出模块30的第一控制端；
第三开关5007的第一选择端为输出模块30的第二控制端；；
第三开关5007的第二选择端连接第一PMOS管5003的栅极，第三开关5007的固定端连接第二NMOS管5004的栅极，第一PMOS管5003的漏极和第二NMOS管5004的漏极连接端为输出模块30输出端，第二NMOS管5004源极与调整电路14A电源端负极VS1连接。
值得说明的是上述第一开关5001、第二开关5011和第三开关5007可为模拟电子开关。
本实施例的调整电路工作原理如下：在IPM模块4100正常工作过程中，六路输入信号能经过对应的驱动电路进行驱动放大后再经调整电路输入到对应桥臂的IGBT管栅极，以控制其进行开关状态切换，最终输出对应的三相驱动信号以驱动电机的正常运行，由于IPM模块4100所处的工作环境比较恶劣，电源存在不稳定情况，因此会引起IPM模块4100的低压供电电源即VDD波动，使得VDD低于IPM模块4100的欠压保护值，使得驱动模块不能正常工作关断输出的驱动信号，进而使得IPM模块4100突然停止输出，由于驱动电机为感性负载，驱动电机内部绕组会储能产生感应电动势，其感应电动势会传导到IPM模块4100，进而使得PM模块4100的IGBT管上积蓄电荷，此时与IGBT管连接的输出调整电路开始起到对IGBT管上电荷进行泄放的作用，具体如下：
电压检测模块10检测到调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，具体来说是比较器5009的同相端电压低于反相端接入的电压源5008电压值时，电压检测模块10通过比较器5009输出端输出控制信号即低电平信号到第一开关5001控制端和计数模块20，控制第一开关5001由正常工作时的接通转为断开。
当第一开关5001断开时，输出模块30输出端与调整电路输出端OUT的连接断开，此时调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号，即断开调整电路输出端OUT，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电。
当计数模块20输入端变为低电平时，经计数模块20的第一非门5012反相变为高电平，此时计数器5002输入端的电平由低电平变为高电平，使得计数器5002开始计数，同时使计数器5002输出变为低电平的第一触发信号，使得第二开关5011断开，进一步使得第三开关5007的控制端也从与第二选择端连接变成与第一选择端连接，此时信号发生器5013输出的脉冲信号加载在输出模块30的第二NMOS管5004的栅极，使得第二NMOS管5004处于开关状态，即控制输出模块处于低阻和高阻交替连续状态。
电压检测模块10检测到调整电路输入端的电压值上升，使得电压值大于等于预设电压阈值时，具体来说是比较器5009的同相端电压高于或等于反相端接入的电压源5008电压值时，电压检测模块10通过比较器5009输出端输出控制信号即高电平信号到第一开关5001控制端和计数模块20，控制第一开关5001由断开转为接通。
当第一开关5001接通时，此时根据计数模块20的计时分为两种状态：
如果计数模块20的计数器5002计时未到预设目标时间如1024us，此时计数器5002输出端任维持低电平状态，第三开关5007的状态不变，由于第二NMOS管5004已经处于开关状态，因此此时输出模块30输出为低阻和高阻交替连续状态，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进一步通过第二NMOS管5004进行继续的泄放，且电荷泄放的速度要比之前的自然泄放快，这里通过信号发生器5013控制第二NMOS管5004连续的开关状态的原因是使得电荷通过第二NMOS管5004进行泄放时不至于发生热积聚，如以占空比50%脉冲宽度为100ns的脉冲控制第二NMOS管5004开关时，在50%时间泄放电荷后，另外50%时间用于冷却，如果直接控制第二NMOS管5004连续导通，有可能因为电荷比较多使得泄放时第二NMOS管5004会积热过多以至损坏。经过一个预设时间后调整电路恢复正常工作，这样有利于IPM模块4100更加安全可靠的工作。
如果计数模块20的计数器5002计时已到预设目标时间如1024us，则计数器5002计时完成输出高电平的第二触发信号，使得第二开关5011接通，进一步使得第三开关5007的控制端也从与第一选择端连接变成与第二选择端连接，此时驱动电路输出的驱动信号经输出模块30和第一开关5001输出至对应的IGBT管，即实现了调整电路的输入端IN可以正常输出到输出端OUT，即IPM模块4100恢复正常工作状态。
上述调整电路输入端的电压值在跌落后恢复时，IGBT管上积蓄电荷通过输出模块30进行进一步泄放的时间取决于电压值跌落到恢复的时间与计数模块20的计时时间之间的长短关系。如果电压值在跌落到恢复的时间比较长，超过了计数模块20的计时时间，则在此期间IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电已经可以完全泄放掉，因此当电压上升恢复时，输出模块直接驱动电路输出的驱动信号输出并经第一开关5001到对应的IGBT管，不需要再进行经输出模块低阻态的进一步泄放。如果电压值在跌落到恢复的时间比较短，小于计数模块20的计时时间，当电压上升恢复时，IGBT管上积蓄电荷经上一步自然泄放可能还不完全，还需要经输出模块低阻态的进一步泄放，如果计数模块20的计时时间1024us，在电压上升恢复时计数模块20已经计时的时间为TM。其进一步泄放的时间TT计算如下：
TT=1024-TM
其时间TT保证了IGBT管上积蓄电荷经上一步自然泄放后再进一步的泄放完全。
本发明实施例的IPM模块4100通过在内部的每个驱动电路和对应的IGBT管之间增加一个调整电路，该调整电路能实时检测IPM模块4100低压区供电电压值的变化，并在其低压供电电源波动引起电压值过低使模块停止输出进而使得驱动电机的储能引起模块内部的IGBT管积蓄电荷时，能先切断驱动输出和IGBT管的驱动信号，使得IGBT管积蓄电荷先进行自然泄放，此时该调整电路开始计时，然后在低压供电电源恢复正常时，如果电压值降低到恢复的时间长超过目标时间则直接控制驱动电路输出的驱动信号到对应的IGBT管，如果电压值降低到恢复的时间小于目标时间，则取电压恢复时计时到目标时间的剩余时间内输出低阻和高阻交替状态进一步对IGBT管积蓄电荷进行快速泄放，以保证进行泄放时的安全，不会因泄放时积热过多导致调整电路内部的MOS管损坏。因此这样既保证了在IGBT管积蓄电荷能快速的得到更安全的泄放，又能缩短IPM模块4100在低压供电电压波动时恢复的时间，使模块可以比较快速的恢复正常工作，并同时避免了蓄电荷对模块的冲击影响其工作可靠性。
进一步的，基于本发明智能功率模块第一实施例，本发明空调器智能功率模块第七实施例中，调整电路还用于，
调整电路用于检测其电源端的电压值，当电压值小于预设电压阈值时，调整电路切断驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号并开始计时，当电压值大于或者等于预设电压阈值时，如果计时时间未达到第一目标时间，调整电路输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，如果计时时间超过第一目标时间且未达到第二目标时间，调整电路输出低阻态将对应IGBT管的电荷继续进行泄放,；如果计时时间达到第二目标时间时，控制驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
本实施例中，每一个调整电路包括电压检测模块、计数模块、输出模块及第一开关，以UH输出调整电路14A为例，如图8所示，UH输出调整电路14A包括电压检测模块10、计数模块20、信号发生器5013、输出模块30及第一开关5001。
调整电路的输入端IN连接第二开关5007的第二选择端；
电压检测模块10的输入端、计数模块20的电源端、第一开关5001的输入端、信号发生器5013的电源端及输出模块30的电源端互连，构成调整电路14A的电源端；电压检测模块10的输出端分别与计数模块20的输入端和第一开关5001的控制端连接；计数模块20的第一输出端连接输出模块30的第一控制端；计数模块20的第二输出端连接输出模块30的第二控制端；信号发生器5013的输出端连接输出模块30的第三控制端；输出模块30的输入端为调整电路14A的信号输入端，输出模块30的输出端连接第一开关5001的输入端，第一开关5001的输出端为调整电路14A的信号输出端；其中，
电压检测模块10，用于在检测到调整电路14A输入端的电压值小于预设阈值时，控制计数模块20开始计时，并控制第一开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开；
计数模块20，用于在开始计时时，计数模块20的第一输出端和第二输出端同时输出第一触发信号并和信号发生器输出的脉冲信号同时控制输出模块30输出低阻和高阻交替连续状态，且当计时时间超过第一目标时间且未达到第二目标时间，计数模块20的第二输出端输出第二触发信号控制控制输出模块30输出低阻状态；
当电压值大于或者等于预设电压阈值时，如果计时时间未达到第一目标时间，输出模块30输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，如果计时时间超过第一目标时间且未达到第二目标时间，输出模块30输出低阻态将对应IGBT管的电荷继续进行泄放，当计时时间达到第二目标时间时，计数模块20输出第三触发信号控制驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
具体的，电压检测模块10包括比较器5009、电压源5008；
比较器5009的同相端与调整电路电源端正极连接，电压源5008的正极连接比较器5009的反相端，电压源5008的负极与调整电路电源端负极连接。
计数模块10包括第一非门5012和计数器5002；
第一非门5012的输入端为计数模块10输入端，第一非门5012的输出端连接计数器5002输入端；
计数器5002的第一输出端为计数模块10第一输出端，计数器5002的第二输出端为计数模块10第二输出端。
输出模块30包括第二开关5011、第三开关5014、第四开关5007、第一PMOS管5003和第二NMOS管5004；
第二开关5011的输入端、第三开关5014的第二选择端和第一PMOS管5003的源极分别与调整电路电源端正极连接，第二开关5011的输出端连接第四开关的控制端，第二开关5011的控制端为输出模块30的第一控制端；
第四开关5007的控制端为输出模块30的第二控制端，第四开关5007的第一选择端为输出模块30的第三控制端，第四开关5007的固定端连接第四开关的第一选择端；
第四开关5007的第二选择端连接第一PMOS管5003的栅极，第四开关5007的固定端连接第二NMOS管5004的栅极，第一PMOS管5003的漏极和第二NMOS管5004的漏极连接端为输出模块30输出端，第二NMOS管5004源极与调整电路14A电源端负极VS1连接。
值得说明的是上述第一开关5001、第二开关5011、第三开关5014和第四开关5007可为模拟电子开关。
本实施例的调整电路工作原理如下：在IPM模块4100正常工作过程中，六路输入信号能经过对应的驱动电路进行驱动放大后再经调整电路输入到对应桥臂的IGBT管栅极，以控制其进行开关状态切换，最终输出对应的三相驱动信号以驱动电机的正常运行，由于IPM模块4100所处的工作环境比较恶劣，电源存在不稳定情况，因此会引起IPM模块4100的低压供电电源即VDD波动，使得VDD低于IPM模块4100的欠压保护值，使得驱动模块不能正常工作关断输出的驱动信号，进而使得IPM模块4100突然停止输出，由于驱动电机为感性负载，驱动电机内部绕组会储能产生感应电动势，其感应电动势会传导到IPM模块4100，进而使得PM模块4100的IGBT管上积蓄电荷，此时与IGBT管连接的输出调整电路开始起到对IGBT管上电荷进行泄放的作用，具体如下：
电压检测模块10检测到调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，具体来说是比较器5009的同相端电压低于反相端接入的电压源5008电压值时，电压检测模块10通过比较器5009输出端输出控制信号即低电平信号到第一开关5001控制端和计数模块20，控制第一开关5001由正常工作时的接通转为断开。
当第一开关5001断开时，输出模块30输出端与调整电路输出端OUT的连接断开，此时调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号，即断开调整电路输出端OUT，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电。
当计数模块20输入端变为低电平时，经计数模块20的第一非门5012反相变为高电平，此时计数器5002输入端的电平由低电平变为高电平，使得计数器5002开始计数，同时使计数器5002的第一输出端和第二输出端同时输出由正常工作时的高电平变为低电平的第一触发信号，该第一触发信号控制第二开关5011断开和第三开关5014的固定端与第一选择端连接；
第三开关5014的固定端与第一选择端连接时，信号发生器5013输出脉冲信号到第四开关5007的第选择端；第二开关5011断开时，进一步使得第四开关5007的控制端也从与第二选择端连接变成与第一选择端连接，此时信号发生器5013输出脉冲信号加载在输出模块30的第二NMOS管5004的栅极，使得第二NMOS管5004处于开关状态，即控制输出模块处于低阻和高阻交替连续状态。。
电压检测模块10检测到调整电路输入端的电压值上升，使得电压值大于等于预设电压阈值时，具体来说是比较器5009的同相端电压高于或等于反相端接入的电压源5008电压值时，电压检测模块10通过比较器5009输出端输出控制信号即高电平信号到第一开关5001控制端和计数模块20，控制第一开关5001由断开转为接通。
当第一开关5001接通时，此时根据计数模块20的计时分为三种状态：
如果计数模块20的计数器5002计时未到预设第一目标时间如1024us，此时计数器5002第一和第二输出端输出第一触发信号的低电平状态，信号发生器5013输出脉冲信号通过第三开关5014和第四开关5007使得第二NMOS管5004处于开关状态，因此此时输出模块30输出为低阻和高阻交替连续状态，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进一步通过第二NMOS管5004进行继续的泄放，且电荷泄放的速度要比之前的自然泄放快，这里通过信号发生器5013控制第二NMOS管5004连续的开关状态的原因是使得电荷通过第二NMOS管5004进行泄放时不至于发生热积聚，如以占空比50%脉冲宽度为100ns的脉冲控制第二NMOS管5004开关时，在50%时间泄放电荷后，另外50%时间用于冷却，如果直接控制第二NMOS管5004连续导通，有可能因为电荷比较多使得泄放时第二NMOS管5004会积热过多以至损坏。经过一个预设时间后调整电路恢复正常工作，这样有利于IPM模块4100更加安全可靠的工作。
如果计数模块20的计数器5002计时达到或超过预设第一目标时间1024us未达到第二目标时间2048us，计数器5002第二输出端输出第二触发信号的高电平，控制第三开关5014的固定端连接第二选择端，此时调整电路14A的电源端正极通过第三开关5014和第四开关5007加载在第二NMOS管5004栅极，使得第二NMOS管5004处于持续导通状态，即输出模块输出为持续低阻态，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进一步通过第二NMOS管5004进行继续泄放，因为此时第二NMOS管5004的完全导通，因此其泄放速度要比上述处于开关状态时泄放快，保证了可以将电荷快速完全泄放掉。而在计数器5002计时在1024us时采用开关状态已经将IGBT管上积蓄电荷泄放掉了一部分或者大部分，因此此时第二NMOS管5004处于完全导通时再对IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行泄放不会引起泄放电流大导致第二NMOS管5004损坏，在保证其工作安全的前提下又提升泄放速度。
如果计数模块20的计数器5002计时已达到第二目标时间2048us，此时计数器5002计时完成其第一输出端也输出高电平的第三触发信号，使得第二开关5011接通，进一步使得第四开关5007的控制端也从与第一选择端连接变成与第二选择端连接，此时驱动电路输出的驱动信号经输出模块30和第一开关5001输出至对应的IGBT管，即实现了调整电路的输入端IN可以正常输出到输出端OUT，即IPM模块4100恢复正常工作状态。
上述调整电路输入端的电压值在跌落后恢复时，IGBT管上积蓄电荷通过输出模块30进行进一步泄放的时间取决于电压值跌落到恢复的时间与计数模块20的计时的第一和第二目标时间之间的长短关系。如果电压值在跌落到恢复的时间比较长，超过了计数模块20的计时的第二目标时间，则在此期间IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电已经可以完全泄放掉，因此当电压上升恢复时，输出模块直接驱动电路输出的驱动信号输出并经第一开关5001到对应的IGBT管，不需要再进行经输出模块低阻态的进一步泄放。如果电压值在跌落到恢复的时间比较短，小于计数模块20的计时第二目标时间，当电压上升恢复时，IGBT管上积蓄电荷经上一步自然泄放可能还不完全，还需要经输出模块低阻态的进一步泄放，在这其间内，如果进一步小于第二目标时间2048us内的第一目标时间1024us，其电荷通过输出模块30进行泄放时还可能经过输出模块30的低阻和高阻交替连续的状态泄放，或者已经大于第一目标时间则直接经过输出模块30的低阻态进行泄放，如果计数模块20的计时时间2048us，在电压上升恢复时计数模块20已经计时的时间为TM。其进一步泄放的时间TT计算如下：
TT=2048-TM
其时间TT保证了IGBT管上积蓄电荷经上一步自然泄放后再进一步的泄放完全。
本发明实施例的IPM模块4100通过在内部的每个驱动电路和对应的IGBT管之间增加一个调整电路，该调整电路能实时检测IPM模块4100低压区供电电压值的变化，并在其低压供电电源波动引起电压值过低使模块停止输出进而使得驱动电机的储能引起模块内部的IGBT管积蓄电荷时，能先切断驱动输出和IGBT管的驱动信号，使得IGBT管积蓄电荷先进行自然泄放，此时该调整电路开始计时，然后在低压供电电源恢复正常时，如果电压值降低到恢复的时间长超过第二目标时间则直接控制驱动电路输出的驱动信号到对应的IGBT管，如果电压值降低到恢复的时间小于第二目标时间大于第一目标时间，则取电压恢复时计时到目标时间的剩余时间内输出低阻态进一步对IGBT管积蓄电荷进行快速泄放，如果电压值降低到恢复的时间小于第一目标时间，则在第一目标时间内先通过调整电路输出的高阻和低阻交替状态进行泄放，是得调整电路的泄放更加安全，时间计时大于第一目标时间时输出低阻态进行快速泄放。保证了在IGBT管积蓄电荷能得到安全又快速的泄放，又能缩短IPM模块4100在低压供电电压波动时恢复的时间，使模块可以比较快速的恢复正常工作，并同时避免了蓄电荷对模块的冲击影响其工作可靠性。
进一步的，基于本发明智能功率模块第一实施例，本发明空调器智能功率模块第八实施例中，调整电路还用于，
调整电路用于检测其电源端的电压值，当电压值小于预设电压阈值时，调整电路切断驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号并开始计时，当电压值大于或者等于预设电压阈值时，如果计时时间未达到第一预设目标时间，调整电路以低阻态为第一占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，如果计时时间超过第一预设目标时间且未达到第二预设目标时间，以低阻态为第二占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，其中第一占空比小于第二占空比；如果计时时间达到第二预设目标时间时，控制驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
本实施例中，每一个调整电路包括电压检测模块、计数模块、输出模块及第一开关，以UH输出调整电路14A为例，如图9所示，UH输出调整电路14A包括电压检测模块10、计数模块20、第一信号发生器5013、第二信号发生器5015、输出模块30及第一开关5001。
调整电路的输入端IN连接第二开关5007的第二选择端；
电压检测模块10的输入端、计数模块20的电源端、第一开关5001的输入端、第一信号发生器5013的电源端、第二信号发生器5015的电源端及输出模块30的电源端互连，构成调整电路14A的电源端；电压检测模块10的输出端分别与计数模块20的输入端和第一开关5001的控制端连接；计数模块20的第一输出端连接输出模块30的第一控制端；计数模块20的第二输出端连接输出模块30的第二控制端；第一信号发生器5013的输出端连接输出模块30的第三控制端；第二信号发生器5015的输出端连接输出模块30的第四控制端；输出模块30的输入端为调整电路14A的信号输入端，输出模块30的输出端连接第一开关5001的输入端，第一开关5001的输出端为调整电路14A的信号输出端；其中，
电压检测模块10，用于在检测到调整电路14A输入端的电压值小于预设阈值时，控制计数模块20开始计时，并控制第一开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开；
计数模块20，用于在开始计时时，计数模块20的第一输出端和第二输出端同时输出第一触发信号并和第一信号发生器输出的脉冲信号同时控制输出模块30，以输出以低阻态为第一占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，且当计时时间超过第一预设目标时间且未达到第二预设目标时间，计数模块20的第二输出端输出第二触发信号并和第二信号发生器输出的脉冲信号同时控制输出模块30，以输出以低阻态为第二占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态；
当电压值大于或者等于预设电压阈值时，如果计时时间未达到第一预设目标时间，输出模块30输出以低阻态为第一占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，如果计时时间超过第一预设目标时间且未达到第二预设目标时间，输出模块30输出以低阻态为第二占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷继续进行泄放，当计时时间达到第二目标时间时，计数模块20输出第三触发信号控制驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
具体的，电压检测模块10包括比较器5009、电压源5008；
比较器5009的同相端与调整电路电源端正极连接，电压源5008的正极连接比较器5009的反相端，电压源5008的负极与调整电路电源端负极连接。
计数模块10包括第一非门5012和计数器5002；
第一非门5012的输入端为计数模块10输入端，第一非门5012的输出端连接计数器5002输入端；
计数器5002的第一输出端为计数模块10第一输出端，计数器5002的第二输出端为计数模块10第二输出端。
输出模块30包括第二开关5011、第三开关5014、第四开关5007、第一PMOS管5003和第二NMOS管5004；
第二开关5011的输入端和第一PMOS管5003的源极分别与调整电路电源端正极连接，第二开关5011的输出端连接第四开关的控制端，第二开关5011的控制端为输出模块30的第一控制端；
第三开关5014的控制端为输出模块30的第二控制端，第三开关5014的第一选择端为输出模块30的第三控制端，第三开关5014的第二选择端为输出模块30的第四控制端，第三开关5014的固定端连接第四开关5007的第一选择端；
第四开关5007的第二选择端连接第一PMOS管5003的栅极，第四开关5007的固定端连接第二NMOS管5004的栅极，第一PMOS管5003的漏极和第二NMOS管5004的漏极连接端为输出模块30输出端，第二NMOS管5004源极与调整电路14A电源端负极VS1连接。
值得说明的是上述第一开关5001、第二开关5011、第三开关5014和第三开关5007可为模拟电子开关。
本实施例的调整电路工作原理如下：在IPM模块4100正常工作过程中，六路输入信号能经过对应的驱动电路进行驱动放大后再经调整电路输入到对应桥臂的IGBT管栅极，以控制其进行开关状态切换，最终输出对应的三相驱动信号以驱动电机的正常运行，由于IPM模块4100所处的工作环境比较恶劣，电源存在不稳定情况，因此会引起IPM模块4100的低压供电电源即VDD波动，使得VDD低于IPM模块4100的欠压保护值，使得驱动模块不能正常工作关断输出的驱动信号，进而使得IPM模块4100突然停止输出，由于驱动电机为感性负载，驱动电机内部绕组会储能产生感应电动势，其感应电动势会传导到IPM模块4100，进而使得PM模块4100的IGBT管上积蓄电荷，此时与IGBT管连接的输出调整电路开始起到对IGBT管上电荷进行泄放的作用，具体如下：
电压检测模块10检测到调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，具体来说是比较器5009的同相端电压低于反相端接入的电压源5008电压值时，电压检测模块10通过比较器5009输出端输出控制信号即低电平信号到第一开关5001控制端和计数模块20，控制第一开关5001由正常工作时的接通转为断开。
当第一开关5001断开时，输出模块30输出端与调整电路输出端OUT的连接断开，此时调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号，即断开调整电路输出端OUT，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电。
当计数模块20输入端变为低电平时，经计数模块20的第一非门5012反相变为高电平，此时计数器5002输入端的电平由低电平变为高电平，使得计数器5002开始计数，同时使计数器5002的第一输出端和第二输出端同时输出由正常工作时的高电平变为低电平的第一触发信号，该第一触发信号控制第二开关5011断开和第三开关5014的固定端与第一选择端连接；
第三开关5014的固定端与第一选择端连接时，第一信号发生器5013输出脉冲信号到第四开关5007的第选择端；第二开关5011断开时，进一步使得第四开关5007的控制端也从与第二选择端连接变成与第一选择端连接，此时第一信号发生器5013输出脉冲信号加载在输出模块30的第二NMOS管5004的栅极，使得第二NMOS管5004处于开关状态，其脉冲信号为第一占空比，即控制输出模块处于低阻态为第一占空比的低阻和高阻交替连续状态，例如该脉冲宽度为100ns，第一占空比为30%，即有效电平的低阻态时间为30ns。
电压检测模块10检测到调整电路输入端的电压值上升，使得电压值大于等于预设电压阈值时，具体来说是比较器5009的同相端电压高于或等于反相端接入的电压源5008电压值时，电压检测模块10通过比较器5009输出端输出控制信号即高电平信号到第一开关5001控制端和计数模块20，控制第一开关5001由断开转为接通。
当第一开关5001接通时，此时根据计数模块20的计时分为三种状态：
如果计数模块20的计数器5002计时未到预设第一目标时间如1024us，此时计数器5002第一和第二输出端输出第一触发信号的低电平状态，第一信号发生器5013输出脉冲信号通过第三开关5014和第四开关5007使得第二NMOS管5004处于开关状态，因此此时输出模块30输出为低阻和高阻交替连续状态，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进一步通过第二NMOS管5004进行继续的泄放，且电荷泄放的速度要比之前的自然泄放快，这里通过第一信号发生器5013控制第二NMOS管5004连续的开关状态的原因是使得电荷通过第二NMOS管5004进行泄放时不至于发生热积聚，如以占空比30%脉冲控制第二NMOS管5004开关时，在30%时间泄放电荷后，另外70%时间用于冷却，如果直接控制第二NMOS管5004连续导通，有可能因为电荷比较多使得泄放时第二NMOS管5004会积热过多以至损坏。经过一个预设时间后调整电路恢复正常工作，这样有利于IPM模块4100更加安全可靠的工作。
如果计数模块20的计数器5002计时达到或超过预设第一目标时间1024us未达到第二目标时间2048us，计数器5002第二输出端输出第二触发信号的高电平，控制第三开关5014的固定端连接第二选择端，此时第二信号发生器5015输出的脉冲信号通过第三开关5014和第四开关5007加载在第二NMOS管5004栅极，其脉冲信号为第二占空比，比第一信号发生器5013输出的脉冲信号的第一占空比要大，如改脉冲脉冲宽度为100ns，第二占空比为70%，使得第二NMOS管5004处于开关状态，即输出模块输出为第二占空比的低阻和高阻交替连续状态，此时IGBT管上积蓄电荷进一步通过第二NMOS管5004进行继续泄放，因为此时低阻态的第二占空比时间比第一占空比时间大，因此其泄放速度要比上述处于第一占空比的开关状态时泄放快，保证了可以将电荷快速完全泄放掉。而在计数器5002计时在1024us时采用第一占空比的开关状态已经将IGBT管上积蓄电荷泄放掉了一部分或者大部分，因此此时第二NMOS管5004处于完全导通时再对IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行泄放不会引起泄放电流大导致第二NMOS管5004损坏，在保证其工作安全的前提下又提升泄放速度。
如果计数模块20的计数器5002计时已达到第二目标时间2048us，此时计数器5002计时完成其第一输出端也输出高电平的第三触发信号，使得第二开关5011接通，进一步使得第四开关5007的控制端也从与第一选择端连接变成与第二选择端连接，此时驱动电路输出的驱动信号经输出模块30和第一开关5001输出至对应的IGBT管，即实现了调整电路的输入端IN可以正常输出到输出端OUT，即IPM模块4100恢复正常工作状态。
上述调整电路输入端的电压值在跌落后恢复时，IGBT管上积蓄电荷通过输出模块30进行进一步泄放的时间取决于电压值跌落到恢复的时间与计数模块20的计时的第一和第二目标时间之间的长短关系。如果电压值在跌落到恢复的时间比较长，超过了计数模块20的计时的第二目标时间，则在此期间IGBT管上积蓄电荷进行自然放电已经可以完全泄放掉，因此当电压上升恢复时，输出模块直接驱动电路输出的驱动信号输出并经第一开关5001到对应的IGBT管，不需要再进行经输出模块低阻态的进一步泄放。如果电压值在跌落到恢复的时间比较短，小于计数模块20的计时第二目标时间，当电压上升恢复时，IGBT管上积蓄电荷经上一步自然泄放可能还不完全，还需要经输出模块低阻态的进一步泄放，在这其间内，如果进一步小于第二目标时间2048us内的第一目标时间1024us，其电荷通过输出模块30进行泄放时还需要经过输出模块30的以低阻态为第一占空比的低阻和高阻交替连续的状态泄放，或者已经大于第一目标时间则直接经过输出模块30以低阻态为更大的第二占空比的低阻和高阻交替连续进行泄放，如果计数模块20的计时时间2048us，在电压上升恢复时计数模块20已经计时的时间为TM。其进一步泄放的时间TT计算如下：
TT=2048-TM
其时间TT保证了IGBT管上积蓄电荷经上一步自然泄放后再进一步的泄放完全。
本发明实施例的IPM模块4100通过在内部的每个驱动电路和对应的IGBT管之间增加一个调整电路，该调整电路能实时检测IPM模块4100低压区供电电压值的变化，并在其低压供电电源波动引起电压值过低使模块停止输出进而使得驱动电机的储能引起模块内部的IGBT管积蓄电荷时，能先切断驱动输出和IGBT管的驱动信号，使得IGBT管积蓄电荷先进行自然泄放，此时该调整电路开始计时，然后在低压供电电源恢复正常时，如果电压值降低到恢复的时间长超过第二目标时间则直接控制驱动电路输出的驱动信号到对应的IGBT管，如果电压值降低到恢复的时间小于第二目标时间大于第一目标时间，则取电压恢复时计时到目标时间的剩余时间内输出低阻态进一步对IGBT管积蓄电荷进行快速泄放，如果电压值降低到恢复的时间小于第一目标时间，则在第一目标时间内先通过调整电路输出较小的第一占空比的高阻和低阻交替状态进行泄放，是得调整电路的泄放更加安全，时间计时大于第一目标时间时输出较大的第二占空比的高阻和低阻交替状态进行快速泄放。保证了在IGBT管积蓄电荷能得到安全又快速的泄放，又能缩短IPM模块4100在低压供电电压波动时恢复的时间，使模块可以比较快速的恢复正常工作，并同时避免了蓄电荷对模块的冲击影响其工作可靠性。
本发明还提供一种空调器控制器，其空调器控制器用于实现对空调器相关负责的控制，具体的，对变频空调器而言，空调器控制器可分为室内机部分和室外机部分的控制器，其室内机控制器实现对室内机风机电机、导风条等负载运行的驱动，室外机控制实现对压缩机、室外风机电机、四通阀等负载运行的驱动，其中室外控制器中包括上述的IPM模块，用于对压缩机运行的驱动，如果室外风机电机为直流风机，其室外控制器内部还包括用于驱动直流风机的上述IPM模块，同意如果室内风机电机为直流风机，其室内控制器内部还包括用于驱动直流风机的上述IPM模块。其IPM模块具体的实施方式及效果可参考上述实施例，在此不再赘述。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“第一实施例”、“第二实施例”、“示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体方法、装置或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、方法、装置或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种智能功率模块，其特征在于，包括三相上桥臂IGBT管和三相下桥臂IGBT管，以及与所述三相上桥臂IGBT管和三相下桥臂IGBT管中每一个IGBT管对应的驱动电路和调整电路；
    每一个所述驱动电路输出端连接每一个对应的所述调整电路的信号输入端，每一个所述调整电路的信号输出端连接对应的所述每一个IGBT的栅极；
    所述三相上桥臂IGBT管中每一个IGBT管对应的调整电路的电源端的正极和负极分别连接对应相的高压区供电电源正极和负极；所述三相下桥臂IGBT管中每一个IGBT管对应的调整电路的电源端的正极和负极分别连接所述智能功率模块低压区供电电源的正极和负极；
    其中，所述调整电路用于检测其电源端的电压值，当所述电压值小于预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号，当所述电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，并在延时预设时间后，控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，每一个所述调整电路包括电压检测模块、延时模块、所述延时模块和第一开关；
    所述电压检测模块的输入端、所述延时模块的电源端和所述输出模块的电源端互连，构成所述调整电路的电源端，所述电压检测模块的输出端分别于所述延时模块的控制端和所述第一开关的控制端连接；所述延时模块的输出端连接所述输出模块的控制端；所述输出模块的输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述输出模块的输出端连接所述第一开关的输入端，所述第一开关的输出端为所述调整电路的信号输出端；
    所述电压检测模块在检测到其输入端的电压值小于所述预设电压阈值时，控制所述第一开关由接通转为断开；
    所述电压检测模块在检测到其输入端的电压值大于等于所述预设电压阈值时，控制所述第一开关接通和所述延时模块开始计时，并通过所述延时模块控制所述输出模块将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，当所述计时达到所述预设时间时，所述延时模块控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号经所述输出模块输出至对应的IGBT管。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述延时模块包括第二开关、第一电阻和第一电容；
    所述第二开关的控制端为所述延时模块的控制端，所述第二开关的输入端与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第二开关的输出端和所述第一电阻的一端的连接端为所述延时模块的输出端，所述第一电阻的另一端连接所述第一电容的一端，所述第一电容的另一端与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述延时模块还包括整形单元；
    所述第二开关的输出端和所述第一电阻的一端的连接端为所述整形单元的输入端，所述整形单元的输出端为所述延时模块的输出端，所述整形单元为所述延时模块输出的控制信号整形后输出至所述输出模块的控制端。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述整形单元包括第一非门和第二非门；
    所述第一非门的输入端为所述整形单元的输入端，所述第一非门的输出端连接所述第二非门的输入端，所述第二非门的输出端为所述整形单元的输出端。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述电压检测模块包括比较器、电压源；
    所述比较器的同相端与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述电压源的正极输出端连接所述比较器的反相端，所述电压源的负极输与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，每一个所述调整电路还包括整形放大模块：
    所述整形放大模块输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述整形放大模块输出端连接所述输出模块的输入端，所述整形放大模块为所述调整电路的信号输入端输入的信号进行放大和整形后输出至所述输出模块的输入端。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述整形放大模块包括第三非门和第四非门；
    所述第三非门的输入端为所述整形放大模块的输入端，所述第三非门的输出端连接所述第四非门的输入端，所述第四非门的输出端为整形放大模块的输出端。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述第三非门中的MOS管尺寸为所述第四非门中MOS管尺寸的1/2。
  10. 如权利要求2所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述输出模块包括第三开关、第一PMOS管和第二NMOS管；
    所述第三开关的控制端为所述输出模块的控制端，所述第三开关的第一选择端连接所述调整电路电源端正极，所述第三开关的第二选择端连接所述第一PMOS管的栅极，所述第三开关的固定端连接所述第二NMOS管的栅极，所述第一PMOS管的源极与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第一PMOS管的漏极和所述第二NMOS管的漏极连接端为所述输出模块输出端，所述第二NMOS管源极与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
  11. 一种空调器控制器，所述空调器控制器包括如权利要求1至2任一项所述的智能功率模块。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述调整电路还用于，
    所述调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当所述电压值小于预设电压阀值时，所述调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号，当所述电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，并在延时预设时间后，控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，每一个所述调整电路包括电压检测模块、延时模块、输出模块、信号发生器、第一开关；
    所述电压检测模块的输入端、所述延时模块电源端、信号发生器的电源端和所述输出模块电源端互连，构成所述调整电路的电源端，所述电压检测模块的输出端分别与所述延时模块的控制端和所述第一开关的控制端连接；所述延时模块的输出端连接所述输出模块的第二控制端；所述信号发生器输出端连接所述输出模块的第一控制端，输出模块的输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述输出模块的输出端连接所述第一开关的输入端，所述第一开关的输出端为所述调整电路的信号输出端；
    所述电压检测模块在检测到所述调整电路输入端的电压值小于所述预设电压阈值时，控制所述第一开关由接通转为断开；
    所述电压检测模块在检测到所述调整电路输入端的电压值大于等于所述预设电压阈值时，控制所述第一开关接通和所述延时模块开始计时，并通过所述信号发生器控制所述输出模块输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，当所述计时达到所述预设时间时，所述延时模块控制所述输出模块输出驱动信号经所述输出模块输出至对应的IGBT管。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述输出模块包括第三开关、第一PMOS管和第二NMOS管；
    所述第三开关的控制端为所述输出模块的第二控制端，所述第三开关的第一选择端为所述输出模块的第一控制端，所述第三开关的第二选择端连接所述第一PMOS管的栅极，所述第三开关的固定端连接所述第二NMOS管的栅极，所述第一PMOS管的源极与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第一PMOS管的漏极和所述第二NMOS管的漏极连接端为所述输出模块输出端，所述第二NMOS管源极与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
  15. 一种空调器控制器，所述空调器控制器包括如权利要求12至14任一项所述的智能功率模块。
  16. 如权利要求1所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述调整电路还用于，
    所述调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当所述电压值小于预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号并开始计时，当计时时间未达到预设目标时间，且所述电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放；当计时时间达到所述预设目标时间时，控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，每一所述调整电路包括电压检测模块、计数模块、输出模块及第一开关；
    所述电压检测模块的输入端、所述计数模块的电源端及所述输出模块的电源端互连，构成所述调整电路的电源端；所述电压检测模块的输出端分别与所述计数模块的输入端和所述第一开关的控制端连接；所述计数模块的输出端连接所述输出模块的控制端；所述输出模块的输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述输出模块的输出端连接所述第一开关的输入端，所述第一开关的输出端为所述调整电路的信号输出端；其中，
    所述电压检测模块，用于在检测到所述调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，控制所述计数模块开始计时，并控制所述第一开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开；
    所述计数模块，用于在开始计时时，输出第一触发信号控制输出模块输出低阻态；
    当计时时间未达到预设目标时间，且所述电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，所述输出模块输出的低阻态将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放；当计时时间达到所述预设目标时间时，所述计数模块输出第二触发信号控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述输出模块包括第二开关、第三开关、第一PMOS管和第二NMOS管；
    所述第二开关的输入端、所述第三开关的第一选择端和所述第一PMOS管的源极分别与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第二开关的输出端连接所述第三开关的控制端；
    所述第三开关的第二选择端连接所述第一PMOS管的栅极，所述第三开关的固定端连接所述第二NMOS管的栅极，所述第一PMOS管的漏极和所述第二NMOS管的漏极连接端为所述输出模块输出端，所述第二NMOS管源极与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
  19. 一种空调器控制器，所述空调器控制器包括如权利要求16至18任一项所述的智能功率模块。
  20. 如权利要求1所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述调整电路还用于，
    所述调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当所述电压值小于预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号并开始计时，当计时时间未达到预设目标时间，且所述电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放；当计时时间达到所述预设目标时间时，控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，每一所述调整电路包括电压检测模块、计数模块、信号发生器、输出模块及第一开关；
    所述电压检测模块的输入端、所述计数模块的电源端、所述信号发生器的电源端及所述输出模块的电源端互连，构成所述调整电路的电源端；所述电压检测模块的输出端分别与所述计数模块的输入端和所述第一开关的控制端连接；所述计数模块的输出端连接所述输出模块的第一控制端；所述信号发生器的输出端连接所述输出模块的第二控制端；所述输出模块的输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述输出模块的输出端连接所述第一开关的输入端，所述第一开关的输出端为所述调整电路的信号输出端；其中，
    所述电压检测模块，用于在检测到所述调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，控制所述计数模块开始计时，并控制所述第一开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开；
    所述计数模块，用于在开始计时，输出第一触发信号并和所述信号发生器输出的脉冲信号同时控制输出模块输出低阻和高阻交替连续状态；
    当计时时间未达到预设目标时间，且所述电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，所述输出模块输出的低阻和高阻交替连续状态将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放；当计时时间达到所述预设目标时间时，所述计数模块输出第二触发信号控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述输出模块包括第二开关、第三开关、第一PMOS管和第二NMOS管；
    所述第二开关的输入端、和所述第一PMOS管的源极分别与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第二开关的输出端连接所述第三开关的控制端，所述第二开关的控制端为所述输出模块的第一控制端；
    所述第三开关的第一选择端为所述输出模块的第二控制端；
    所述第三开关的第二选择端连接所述第一PMOS管的栅极，所述第三开关的固定端连接所述第二NMOS管的栅极，所述第一PMOS管的漏极和所述第二NMOS管的漏极连接端为所述输出模块输出端，所述第二NMOS管源极与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
  23. 一种空调器控制器，所述空调器控制器包括如权利要求20至22任一项所述的智能功率模块。
  24. 如权利要求1所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述调整电路还用于，
    所述调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当所述电压值小于预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号并开始计时，当电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，如果计时时间未达到第一目标时间，所述调整电路输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，如果计时时间超过所述第一目标时间且未达到第二目标时间，所述调整电路输出低阻态将对应IGBT管的电荷继续进行泄放,；如果计时时间达到所述第二目标时间时，控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，每一所述调整电路包括电压检测模块、计数模块、信号发生器、输出模块及第一开关；
    所述电压检测模块的输入端、所述计数模块的电源端、所述信号发生器的电源端及所述输出模块的电源端互连，构成所述调整电路的电源端；所述电压检测模块的输出端分别与所述计数模块的输入端和所述第一开关的控制端连接；所述计数模块的第一输出端连接所述输出模块的第一控制端，所述计数模块的第二输出端连接所述输出模块的第二控制端；所述信号发生器的输出端连接所述输出模块的第三控制端；所述输出模块的输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述输出模块的输出端连接所述第一开关的输入端，所述第一开关的输出端为所述调整电路的信号输出端；其中，
    所述电压检测模块，用于在检测到所述调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，控制所述计数模块开始计时，并控制所述第一开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开；
    所述计数模块，用于在开始计时，所述计数模块的第一输出端和第二输出端同时输出第一触发信号并和所述信号发生器输出的脉冲信号同时控制输出模块输出低阻和高阻交替连续状态，且当计时时间超过所述第一目标时间且未达到所述第二目标时间，所述计数模块的第二输出端输出第二触发信号控制控制输出模块输出低阻状态；
    当电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，如果计时时间未达到第一目标时间，所述输出模块输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，如果计时时间超过所述第一目标时间且未达到第二目标时间，所述输出模块输出低阻态将对应IGBT管的电荷继续进行泄放，当计时时间达到所述第二目标时间时，所述计数模块输出第三触发信号控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述输出模块包括第二开关、第三开关、第四开关、第一PMOS管和第二NMOS管；
    所述第二开关的输入端、所述第三开关的第二选择端和所述第一PMOS管的源极分别与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第二开关的输出端连接所述第四开关的控制端，所述第二开关的控制端为所述输出模块的第一控制端；
    所述第三开关的控制端为所述输出模块的第二控制端，所述第三开关的第一选择端为所述输出模块的第三控制端，所述第三开关的固定端连接所述第四开关的第一选择端；
    所述第四开关的第二选择端连接所述第一PMOS管的栅极，所述第四开关的固定端连接所述第二NMOS管的栅极，所述第一PMOS管的漏极和所述第二NMOS管的漏极连接端为所述输出模块输出端，所述第二NMOS管源极与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
  27. 一种空调器控制器，所述空调器控制器包括如权利要求24至26任一项所述的智能功率模块。
  28. 如权利要求1所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述调整电路还用于，
    所述调整电路检测其电源端的电压值，当所述电压值小于预设电压阈值时，所述调整电路切断所述驱动电路输出至对应IGBT管的驱动信号并开始计时，当电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，如果计时时间未达到第一预设目标时间，所述调整电路以低阻态为第一占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，如果计时时间超过所述第一预设目标时间且未达到第二预设目标时间，以低阻态为第二占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，其中第一占空比小于第二占空比；如果计时时间达到所述第二预设目标时间时，控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，每一所述调整电路包括电压检测模块、计数模块、第一信号发生器、第二信号发生器、输出模块及第一开关；
    所述电压检测模块的输入端、所述计数模块的电源端、所述第一信号发生器的电源端、所述第二信号发生器的电源端及所述输出模块的电源端互连，构成所述调整电路的电源端；所述电压检测模块的输出端分别与所述计数模块的输入端和所述第一开关的控制端连接；所述计数模块的第一输出端连接所述输出模块的第一控制端，所述计数模块的第二输出端连接所述输出模块的第二控制端；所述第一信号发生器的输出端连接所述输出模块的第三控制端；所述第二信号发生器的输出端连接所述输出模块的第四控制端；所述输出模块的输入端为所述调整电路的信号输入端，所述输出模块的输出端连接所述第一开关的输入端，所述第一开关的输出端为所述调整电路的信号输出端；其中，
    所述电压检测模块，用于在检测到所述调整电路输入端的电压值小于预设电压阈值时，控制所述计数模块开始计时，并控制所述第一开关由正常工作时的接通转为断开；
    所述计数模块，用于在开始计时，所述计数模块的第一输出端和第二输出端同时输出第一触发信号并和所述第一信号发生器输出的脉冲信号同时控制输出模块，以输出以低阻态为第一占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，且当计时时间超过所述第一预设目标时间且未达到所述第二预设目标时间，所述计数模块的第二输出端输出第二触发信号并和所述第二信号发生器输出的脉冲信号同时控制输出模块，以输出以低阻态为第二占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态；
    当电压值大于或者等于所述预设电压阈值时，如果计时时间未达到第一预设目标时间，所述输出模块输出以低阻态为第一占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷进行泄放，如果计时时间超过所述第一预设目标时间且未达到第二预设目标时间，所述输出模块输出以低阻态为第二占空比输出低阻和高阻交替连续的状态，以将对应IGBT管的电荷继续进行泄放，当计时时间达到所述第二目标时间时，所述计数模块输出第三触发信号控制所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至对应的IGBT管。
  30. 如权利要求29所述的智能功率模块，其特征在于，所述输出模块包括第二开关、第三开关、第四开关、第一PMOS管和第二NMOS管；
    所述第二开关的输入端和所述第一PMOS管的源极分别与所述调整电路电源端正极连接，所述第二开关的输出端连接所述第四开关的控制端，所述第二开关的控制端为所述输出模块的第一控制端；
    所述第三开关的控制端为所述输出模块的第二控制端，所述第三开关的第一选择端为所述输出模块的第三控制端，所述第三开关的第二选择端为所述输出模块的第四控制端，所述第三开关的固定端连接所述第四开关的第一选择端；
    所述第四开关的第二选择端连接所述第一PMOS管的栅极，所述第四开关的固定端连接所述第二NMOS管的栅极，所述第一PMOS管的漏极和所述第二NMOS管的漏极连接端为所述输出模块输出端，所述第二NMOS管源极与所述调整电路电源端负极连接。
  31. 一种空调器控制器，所述空调器控制器包括如权利要求28至30任一项所述的智能功率模块。
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