WO2019037837A1 - Module photovoltaïque solaire léger - Google Patents

Module photovoltaïque solaire léger Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019037837A1
WO2019037837A1 PCT/EP2017/071094 EP2017071094W WO2019037837A1 WO 2019037837 A1 WO2019037837 A1 WO 2019037837A1 EP 2017071094 W EP2017071094 W EP 2017071094W WO 2019037837 A1 WO2019037837 A1 WO 2019037837A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheet
melt adhesive
hot melt
stack
elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/071094
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ana Martins
Alessandro VIRTUANI
Valentin CHAPUIS
Christophe Ballif
Original Assignee
CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement filed Critical CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement
Priority to PCT/EP2017/071094 priority Critical patent/WO2019037837A1/fr
Publication of WO2019037837A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019037837A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B32B2037/1215—Hot-melt adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/0007—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving treatment or provisions in order to avoid deformation or air inclusion, e.g. to improve surface quality
    • B32B37/003—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving treatment or provisions in order to avoid deformation or air inclusion, e.g. to improve surface quality to avoid air inclusion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic modules, particu larly those wh ich are su itable for i ntegrating into the structure or cladding of a building, notably walls or roofs.
  • Solar photovoltaic modules are common ly integrated into or onto the structures of buildings so as to generate electricity from the incident sunlight.
  • these modules comprise a structure based on a (or several) relatively thick sheet(s) of glass, which is relatively heavy and subject to damage from impacts (e.g. from hail, thrown objects or similar), mishandling during installation or maintenance, and similar.
  • impacts e.g. from hail, thrown objects or similar
  • mishandling during installation or maintenance
  • the weight of such modules implies high transport costs, and high labour costs during installation.
  • the document US 6051774 describes a photovoltaic module in which a composite backsheet is bonded to a p re-fabricated separately-fabricated solar battery u nit comprising photovoltaic elements encapsulated by a protective layer bonded to a support sheet.
  • this unit comprises photovoltaic elements encapsulated in a transparent adhesive agent and sandwiched between a transparent panel member and a backing sheet member.
  • This arrangement comprises a significant number of layers, and requires that the solar battery un it be fabricated in a separate process step prior to assembly of the complete module. Furthermore, this module comprises openings or porosities intended to allow degassing during fabrication and to air to flow through the structure in operation, and as a result, several of the layers comprise perforations. This is clearly undesirable, since these openings provide a pathway for moisture deep into the structure of the module, with consequent problems for longevity.
  • WO2009/149850 describes another lightweight photovoltaic modu le, comprising EVA-embedded solar cells bonded to a prefabricated rear sandwich structure comprising fibre-resin composites directly bonded to a suitable core without intermediate layers by means of fibres soaked in a curing resin ("prepregs") directly in contact with the core in a suitable press.
  • prepregs a curing resin
  • This prefabricated rear sandwich structure is then placed in another press, and the remainder of the module is placed thereupon and assembled.
  • the document also states that it is possible to lay the rear sandwich structure in unbonded form in the press at the same time as the remainder of the module.
  • An object of the invention is hence to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and thereby to provide a solar photovoltaic module which is stiff, lightweight, and can be manufactured in a single processing step. Disclosure of the invention
  • the invention relates to a method of manufacture of a photovoltaic module, comprising the steps of:
  • this method does not include laying an already-assembled front layup comprising elements a) to d), or a composite backsheet com prisi ng elements e) to i) already assembled into a sub-assembly; the elements comprised by such a subassembly are by definition no longer "separate elements", since they have been already unified.
  • This sequence can be placed in the order a) to i), or in the inverse order, i.e. i) to a), which results in exactly the same sequence when considered in the opposite direction (i.e. top-to-bottom rather than bottom-to-top).
  • the stack further comprises between elements a) and b), the following sequence of further elements:
  • These intermediate layers permit incorporating a functional layer (e.g. one which comprises at least one of a polymeric film, glass fibres, a coloured layer, an interferential filter, a diffraction grating), so as to add desired mechanical and/or optical properties to the module.
  • a functional layer e.g. one which comprises at least one of a polymeric film, glass fibres, a coloured layer, an interferential filter, a diffraction grating
  • said heat is applied from at least the front side of said stack, i.e. is applied to the front-side sheet.
  • applying heat from both sides or from the back side is also possible.
  • the step of applying heat and pressure may be carried out under the following conditions:
  • each sheet of hot melt ad hes ive has the fol lowi ng properties: [0032] - thickness in the range of 0.2 to 0.6mm, preferably 0.3 to 0.5mm;
  • each sheet of hot melt adhesive comprises at least one of:
  • Each sheet may be the same as, or different to, at least one other.
  • the photovoltaic module obtained by the single-step process described above is inverted in the press and is subjected to a supplemental step of application of heat, pressure and vacuum.
  • the parameters of this supplemental application of heat, pressure and vacuum may be the same as, or different to, the first.
  • This optional extra step does not contribute to the assembly of the stack into a module per se, since that has already been achieved in the single processing step as detailed above. However, it may contribute to the longevity of the module by improving the bonding, depending mostly on the heat conductivity properties of layers e) to i)
  • the invention further relates to a photovoltaic module comprising a stack comprising the following sequence of elements:
  • This structure permits assembly of a lightweight module i n a si ng le manufacturing step, without requiring to pre-prepare sub-assemblies, and hence contributes to being able to achieve a significant improvement in process efficiency and yet can create modules compliant with IEC 61215 and IEC 61730.
  • Such a module is obtainable by the method mentioned above.
  • the photovoltaic module further comprises, situated directly or indirectly between elements a) and b), the following sequence of further elements:
  • These intermediate layers permit incorporating a functional layer (e.g. one which comprises at least one of a polymeric film, glass fibres, a coloured layer, an interferential filter, a diffraction grating), so as to add desired mechanical and/or optical properties to the module.
  • a functional layer e.g. one which comprises at least one of a polymeric film, glass fibres, a coloured layer, an interferential filter, a diffraction grating
  • each of the enumerated elements of the module is situated directly in contact with the subsequent layer indicated.
  • each listed element is situated directly upon the next. A simple, strong module is thus obtained.
  • the invention relates to a building comprising a photovoltaic module as mentioned above, e.g. situated on the roof or as wall cladding.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic diagram of a method of the invention
  • FIG. 2 a schematic diagram of a solar photovoltaic modu le according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 a schematic diagram of a further solar photovoltaic module according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 a schematic representation of a building provided with a solar photovoltaic module according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 illustrates schematically a method of manufacture of a solar photovoltaic module 1 according to the invention, and figure 2 illustrates the completed module 1 thus obtained.
  • a heated vacuum press apparatus 3 has been provided.
  • This press apparatus 3 has been schematically represented by upper 3a and lower 3b press ha lves a n d a flexib le vacu u m ch am ber 3c s ituated therebetween, the evacuation of air being represented schematically by the horizontal arrow.
  • the press 3 can also be a bag-type press without upper press half 3a, as is generally known in the art, or any other convenient type of press.
  • lower press half 3b can be heated so as to apply heat to the stack 5 of elements placed in sequence therein during pressing, for reasons which will become clear below.
  • This stack 5 of elements is placed on the lower press half in the following sequence (from bottom to top, i.e. in the order in which they are placed) of separate elements that are not at this stage bonded one to the other e.g. in the form of sub-assemblies:
  • each layer of the stack 5 is a substantially planar element which is laid directly upon the layer mentioned previously, however the presence of intermediate layers is not excluded.
  • figure 3 illustrates another embodiment which comprises several intermediate layers
  • planar nature of the stack layers is not to be construed as limiting.
  • the same principle can be applied to non-planar modules exhibiting a curvature in one or more directions, corrugations or similar. In such cases, the shape of the press 3 is adapted accordingly
  • the front-side sheet 1 1 is destined to face the incident light, and serves to protect the module 1 from the elements (rain, dirt etc.) while allowing incident light to pass.
  • Suitable materials include ETFE (Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene), ECT F E ( Ethyle n e C h loroTri F l u oro Ethy le n e) , P ET ( Po lyet hyle n e terephthalate), PMMA (Poly(methyl methacrylate)), PC (Polycarbonate), or ultra-thin glass, e.g. with a thickness of between 25 and 100 ⁇ . Ideally, however, the module 1 is glass-free.
  • the sheets of hot melt adhesive 13, 17, 21 , 25 are non-liquid adhesives used instead of conventional liquid adhesives that harden.
  • Such hot melt adhesives typically have a melting point in the range 80-120°C, preferably 90-1 10°C, more preferably 95-105°C. They also typically have a glass transition temperature above 85°C, preferably above 100°C, and a complex modulus above 3000kPa at room temperature (20°C), preferably above 6000kPa.
  • These sheets are unperforated to ensure the integrity of the resulting module 1 and to prevent ingress and migration of air, moisture etc. in use.
  • suitable materials include: EVA (Ethylene-vinyl acetate), PVB (Polyvinyl butyral), PO (Polyolefin), TPO (Thermoplastic Polyolefin), TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane), sheets of silicone, ionomers, and so on. These materials may be thermoplastics or thermosets as appropriate.
  • the various sheets of hot melt adhesive 13, 17, 21 , 25 typically have a thickness in the range of 0.2 to 0.6mm, preferably 0.3 to 0.5mm, and may be made of the same or different materials depending on the properties of the adjacent layers. For instance, it may be desirable that the first and second sheets of hot melt adhesive 13, 17 are made of EVA, and that the third and fourth 21 , 25 are made of TPO.
  • Use of such sheets has several advantages. Firstly, they are easily-handled, and the risk of contamination by adhesive accidentally being distributed in undesired places due to the mishandling that can occur with liquid adhesives is eliminated. Furthermore, they permit the entire stack 5 to be solidified into the finished module 1 in a single processing step, including the encapsulation of the photovoltaic cells 15. Since no liquid adhesives are used, there is no requirement for extra process steps, nor is there potential degassing as often occurs due to the chemical reactions taking place during solidification of a liquid adhesive, and hence reduced risk of formation of bubbles.
  • the interconnected photovoltaic cells 15 are laid on the first sheet of hot melt adhesive 13, with all interconnects etc. already in place. These interconnects, junction boxes and so on are well-known and need not be illustrated or described further.
  • the photovoltaic cells 15 may be crystalline or thin-film solar cells of any known type e.g. based on silicon or germanium.
  • the first and second sheets of hot melt adhesive 13, 17 will encapsulate the photovoltaic cells 15 and bond them to the front sheet 1 1 , thereby constituting the front layup 5a of the photovoltaic module 1.
  • first reinforcing sheet 21 which lends structural integrity to the module 1 in combination with the other elements of a composite backsheet 5b.
  • This first reinforcing sheet 21 may be, for instance, glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP), carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP), aramid reinforced polymer, bio-fibre reinforced polymer (with e.g. cotton, linen, hemp or similar as the fibres), aluminium, or other relatively low-density metal.
  • GFRP glass fibre reinforced polymer
  • CFRP carbon fibre reinforced polymer
  • aramid reinforced polymer aramid reinforced polymer
  • bio-fibre reinforced polymer with e.g. cotton, linen, hemp or similar as the fibres
  • aluminium aluminium
  • other relatively low-density metal e.g.
  • reinforcing sheet 21 , 27 Even if a reinforcing sheet 21 , 27 has had some preprocessing or pre-assembly performed upon it, or itself has a composite layered structure, it is still considered as a "separate element" in the context of the present invention since it is a single unitary element performing a single function amongst the elements listed as forming part of the stack. In other words, it does not comprise several of the listed stack elements, unlike would be the case of a pre-assembled front layup which comprises three different functional layers, each of which is explicitly named as forming part of the stack. In essence, the reinforcing sheets 21 , 27 are always considered as single elements within the context of the present invention, irrespective of their construction.
  • Third sheet of hot melt adhesive 21 is then laid upon the first reinforcing sheet 21 , and then structural core layer 23 is laid thereupon.
  • Structural core layer 23 is for instance a honeycomb, solid or corrugated structure in aluminium or (fibre-reinforced) polymer such as aramid, aramid paper, matting or woven material, a polymer foam such as a PET or PVF (Polyvinyl fluoride), balsa wood, other types of wood, or any other suitable material which can bond to the adjacent hot melt adhesive layers 21 , 25 and can withstand the temperatures and pressures exerted during the pressing step.
  • the structural core layer 23 is porous (e.g. PET foam)
  • the edges of the module can be sealed after assembly by any desired means (e.g. a frame, application of a sealant, or other conven ient arrangement).
  • structural core layer 23 is non- porous (e.g. an aluminium or polymer honeycomb structure or other)
  • the completed module 1 requires no further finishing and can be used directly from the press after making the appropriate electrical connections.
  • a second reinforcing sheet 27 which may be the same or different to the first reinforcing sheet 19 described above.
  • the stack 5 is pressed under the application of pressure and heat applied from at least the lower press half 3b.
  • maximum heat is applied to the first and second hot melt adhesive layers 13, 17, which ensures that these layers bond well together and encapsulate the photovoltaic cells 15 in a high-quality fashion.
  • the stack 5 can be placed in the press 3 in the opposite order, i.e. starting from element i) and working towards element a), this resulting in the same sequence just considered in the opposite order (i.e. top-to-bottom rather than bottom-to-top). In such a case, heat would be applied from either or both sides.
  • This press step is carried out under vacuum, e.g. using a vacuum bag press, using air pressure to exert a pressure of 400 to 1000 mbar to the stack 5 in consequence of the same amount of vacuum being drawn from the inside of the bag.
  • vacuum press e.g. using a vacuum bag press
  • other types of vacuum press are possible, and may be provided with a mechanical press arrangement to augment the pressure applied above that possible relying exclusively on atmospheric pressure.
  • the application of substantially 400-1000 mbar of vacuum irrespective of whether air pressure is used to press the stack 5 or if mechanical pressure is used, prevents the formation of bubbles of trapped air in the stack 5 as it cures, since all air between the elements is thereby evacuated before the hot melt adhesive layers 13, 17, 21 , 25 melt and bond to their adjacent elements.
  • Heat is applied such that the temperature of the process reaches between 120 and 180°C, preferably 150-170°C, further preferably substantially 165°C.
  • the press 3 may be pre-heated for a period of time, e.g. from 200-600 seconds
  • the resulting module 1 can be cooled for a period of up to about 600 seconds to facilitate removal from the press 3 and prevent module 1 bending upon cooling due to thermal stresses set up due to different cooling rates of the edges and the centre of the module 1 and due to the different coefficient of thermal expansion associated with the materials of the module stack.
  • the resulting module 1 is illustrated in figure 2, with its front-side upwards (i.e. the opposite orientation compared to figure 1 ).
  • the entire structure of the module 1 is successfully produced in a single pressing step, including embedding the photovoltaic cells 15 into the combined layer resulting from the fusion of first and second hot melt adhesive layers 13, 17.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a further embodiment of a solar photovoltaic module 1 according to the invention. This embodiment differs from that of figures 1 and
  • the front-side sheet is not placed directly upon the first hot melt adhesive layer 17, but is separated therefrom by a fifth hot melt adhesive layer 31 and an additional functional layer 29, which separates the fifth hot melt adhesive layer 31 from the first hot melt adhesive layer 13.
  • the fifth hot melt adhesive layer 31 may be the same or different to the others, as described above.
  • This additional functional layer may for instance comprise a polymeric film provided for its optical or structural properties, a coloured layer, glass fibres, an interferential filter such as a diffraction grating, or other functional layer to e.g. improve the impact resistance and/or change the appearance of the module 1.
  • the finished module 1 typically has a total thickness from 6-25mm, preferably 6-12mm, further preferably 6-10mm, and has a bending stiffness in the range of 9-19 Nm 2 , preferably 10-16 Nm 2 , further preferably 13-15 Nm 2 .
  • Figure 4 illustrates schematically a building 33 comprising a pair of modules 1 according to the invention, one mounted on the roof, the other cladding a wall.
  • a module 1 according to figure 2 was constructed by the method of figure 1 , using the following materials:
  • front-side sheet 1 1 ETFE (Saint Gobain), thickness 0.1 mm;
  • each sheet of hot melt ad hesive 1 3, 1 7, 21 , 25: 1 layer of EVA (Bridgestone S88), thickness 0.45mm;
  • ⁇ photovoltaic cells 15 Bosch Solar Energy M 3BB;
  • each reinforcing sheet 19, 27 GFRP (Swiss Composite, 220g/m 2 glass fibres), thickness 0.8mm;
  • structural core layer 23 aluminium honeycomb (Eurocomposite ECM 4.8-77 3003 ZrOx), thickness 6mm.
  • the GFRP had previously been prepared, e. g. by its manufacturer, by embedding four layers of uni-directional glass fibre tapes with the relative orientations [0/90/90/0] i n an epoxy matrix, a nd was cu red at room temperature in a vacuum bag for 24 hours and then annealed at 100°C for 15 hours to degas it. The stack 5 was then assembled as discussed above, and hot-pressed under vacuum at 1 65°C with 300 seconds of pre-heating,
  • the resulting module 1 successfully passed the test sequence accord IEC 61215, and had a weight below 10 kg/m 2 .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un module photovoltaïque (1), comprenant les étapes consistant : - à fournir un appareil de presse à vide chauffé (3) ; - à placer dans ledit appareil de presse (3) un empilement (5) consistant au moins en la séquence suivante d'éléments séparés : a) une feuille avant (11) ; b) une première feuille d'adhésif thermofusible (13) ; c) un réseau de photopiles interconnectées (15) ; d) une deuxième feuille d'adhésif thermofusible (17) ; e) une première feuille de renfort (19) ; f) une troisième feuille d'adhésif thermofusible (21) ; g) une couche structurale centrale (23) ; h) une quatrième feuille d'adhésif thermofusible (25) ; i) une seconde feuille de renfort (27) ; - et à appliquer de la chaleur, un vide et de la pression audit empilement (5) à l'aide dudit appareil de presse (3) de manière à amener chacune desdites feuilles d'adhésifs thermofusibles (13, 17, 21, 25) à lier ensemble ledit empilement (5) en une seule étape de processus.
PCT/EP2017/071094 2017-08-22 2017-08-22 Module photovoltaïque solaire léger WO2019037837A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2017/071094 WO2019037837A1 (fr) 2017-08-22 2017-08-22 Module photovoltaïque solaire léger

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023194210A1 (fr) * 2022-04-04 2023-10-12 Sono Motors Gmbh Procédé de fabrication d'un module photovoltaïque faisant appel à un étiquetage en moule à gestion de température spécifique

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6051774A (en) 1997-08-05 2000-04-18 Ykk Corporation Solar battery module and method for production thereof
US20090272436A1 (en) * 2008-05-05 2009-11-05 Osbert Hay Cheung Non-glass photovoltaic module and methods for manufacture
WO2009149850A2 (fr) 2008-06-12 2009-12-17 Bayer Materialscience Ag Module solaire léger, résistant à la flexion et autoportant et procédé de fabrication d'un tel module
WO2013005746A1 (fr) * 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 旭硝子株式会社 Élément de couverture pour cellule solaire et cellule solaire
US20160272850A1 (en) * 2013-11-18 2016-09-22 Tesa Se Method for drying adhesive compounds
US20170033250A1 (en) * 2014-04-10 2017-02-02 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement Solar photovoltaic module
US20170165952A1 (en) * 2014-07-22 2017-06-15 Ted M. Hoffman Card substrate warpage reduction

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6051774A (en) 1997-08-05 2000-04-18 Ykk Corporation Solar battery module and method for production thereof
US20090272436A1 (en) * 2008-05-05 2009-11-05 Osbert Hay Cheung Non-glass photovoltaic module and methods for manufacture
WO2009149850A2 (fr) 2008-06-12 2009-12-17 Bayer Materialscience Ag Module solaire léger, résistant à la flexion et autoportant et procédé de fabrication d'un tel module
WO2013005746A1 (fr) * 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 旭硝子株式会社 Élément de couverture pour cellule solaire et cellule solaire
US20160272850A1 (en) * 2013-11-18 2016-09-22 Tesa Se Method for drying adhesive compounds
US20170033250A1 (en) * 2014-04-10 2017-02-02 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement Solar photovoltaic module
US20170165952A1 (en) * 2014-07-22 2017-06-15 Ted M. Hoffman Card substrate warpage reduction

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023194210A1 (fr) * 2022-04-04 2023-10-12 Sono Motors Gmbh Procédé de fabrication d'un module photovoltaïque faisant appel à un étiquetage en moule à gestion de température spécifique

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