Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
  • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
  • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
  • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
  • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
  • B29C44/58—Moulds
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C59/005—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
  • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
  • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
  • B29K2105/048—Expandable particles, beads or granules
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing

Definitions

• the invention relates to a foaming tool for processing foamable plastic particles, with at least one at least a portion of a cavity forming area.
• foaming tools are well known in the art. These are used for the production or shaping of moldings from foamable plastic particles, for example as automatic molding machines. Such molding machines have at least one foaming tool, so that they comprise, for example, two plates, which are stroke-like toward each other or away from each other wegbewegbar. Between such foaming tools, a cavity thus forms, which defines a mold cavity in which the foamable plastic particles can be formed.
• a foaming tool is also understood to mean a component of a tool which forms a section of a cavity.
• the foamable and / or prefoamed plastic particles are introduced into the cavity and shaped, for example by means of hot steam with swelling or by expanding into their original volume.
• materials which have no active blowing agent are also possible.
• the surface or the surface structure of the cavity determines the surface structure of the molded part, which has this subsequent to the production. It is possible to choose the surface of the cavity according to the requirements of the surface of the molded part produced therewith, so that the molding after demolding has the corresponding surface formed by the foaming tool.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an improved foaming tool on the other hand.
• the invention is therefore based on the finding that the surface structure or at least part of the surface structure of the cavity-forming region is produced by an additive process. This makes it possible to build up the surface structure additively, so that no subtractive or reshaping reworking process is necessary to introduce the desired surface structure in the foaming or to provide the foaming mold with the corresponding surface structure.
• surface structures can be realized that can not be produced with conventional production methods or methods.
• the limitations of the previous methods relating to the surface structure of the cavity-forming region are not given in additive processes, so that there are many possibilities of forming the surface structure of the foaming mold.
• this surface structures are possible, the subtractive or forming processes are not accessible.
• Such closed channels, which are provided near the surface of the cavity are with forming or subtractive production process not feasible.
• the additive production of the surface structure may relate to the entire cavity or only to a portion of a cavity formed by the foaming tool.
• plastic particles for the production of the molding it is possible to use all suitable foamable plastic particles, for example thermoplastics, in particular based on polyolefin or styrene. Due to the sintering of the plastic particles, the molded part is formed.
• suitable foamable plastic particles for example thermoplastics, in particular based on polyolefin or styrene. Due to the sintering of the plastic particles, the molded part is formed.
• the at least one part of the surface structure is produced by means of laser beam melting and / or binder jetting and / or electron beam melting and / or fused deposition modeling and / or laser metal deposition.
• the abovementioned methods are suitable, in particular, for producing at least part of the surface structure of the cavity-forming region, with material being applied selectively and solidifying to form the surface structure.
• binder jetting is understood to mean a production process in which, in particular pulverulent, building material is at least partially fixed with a binder. The fixed building material can then be sintered, for example.
• Such manufacturing processes are also known by the name "inkjet technology".
• the at least one part of the surface structure is produced by successive layer-wise selective exposure and concomitant successive layer-wise selective solidification of building material layers of a building material hardenable by means of an energy beam, in particular pulverulent.
• the at least part of the surface structure is accordingly produced by the layered solidification of mostly powdery building material.
• a layer of building material is applied and then solidified in the desired areas by an energy beam. This creates the desired layer by layer Surface structure that builds up through the additive manufacturing process.
• the at least one part of the surface structure is produced directly or together with the production of the tool or subsequently.
• the foaming tool which forms at least a portion of the cavity, or a region which forms at least a portion of the cavity, is also produced by an additive manufacturing method.
• the surface structure of the cavity-forming region or at least a part thereof is produced or formed together with the production of the foaming tool.
• the foaming tool may consist of a prefabricated base body, to which at least part of the surface structure is applied by the additive method.
• At least part of a surface structure of the cavity-forming region is formed separately from the foaming tool and can be connected or connected to the region.
• at least part of a surface structure of the cavity-forming region may be formed or manufactured separately from the remaining foaming tool. The at least one part of the surface structure of the cavity-forming region can thus be introduced into the foaming mold, in order subsequently to produce mold parts corresponding to the foaming mold which are to obtain the desired surface structure.
• the at least one part is formed as an insert, which is inserted or inserted into a corresponding recess.
• inserts can be provided which are produced additively and have a certain, defined surface structure. By introducing such inserts into the foaming tool, a production of various molded parts with different surface structures is possible. The various inserts can be changed if moldings with a different surface structure are to be produced with the same foaming tool.
• the foaming tool according to the invention can also be further developed in that the at least one part of the surface is subsequently applied to an existing component or an existing surface structure is added to the at least one part.
• a certain hybrid construction is proposed, in which a defined surface structure is applied to an existing foaming tool or an existing surface structure is supplemented accordingly.
• various manufacturing methods can be combined so that a part of the foaming tool can be produced by conventional methods and only parts of the surface or surface structure which can not be produced by conventional methods, for example, are manufactured by additive processes.
• the proportion of production of additive manufacturing process is arbitrary.
• the foaming tool provision can be made for at least one item of information relating to at least one part of the surface structure to be generated by means of CAD (Computer Aided Design) or by means of at least one machine parameter.
• the at least one piece of information may particularly preferably serve to describe the surface structure, for example to specify or create a geometric or three-dimensional model of the surface structure which the foaming tool should have. It is likewise possible to produce the desired surface structure by suitably setting structure-forming machine parameters.
• the at least one part of the surface structure is finished by at least one method step, preferably by an abrasive method and / or laser ablation and / or a chemical or electrical smoothing process and / or a compacting or micro-forming process.
• the at least part of the surface structure that has been produced additively according to the invention can be post-processed accordingly.
• the surface structure or the surface of the foaming tool can be processed in a defined manner so that the surface has a defined quality.
• irradiation of the surface with glass beads can be used as the compacting or micromolding process.
• the at least one part of the surface structure of the cavity-forming region has, according to a preferred embodiment, at least two sub-regions with a different surface structure. According to this embodiment, it is thus possible to additively produce part of the surface structure of the cavity-forming region, wherein the surface structure is formed differently in at least two sub-regions of the part. In particular, various subregions can thus be produced which differ with respect to their surface structure. Accordingly, any surface structures can be formed, which are subsequently transferred to this during the production of the molding.
• the foaming tool according to the invention can also be further developed such that the surface structure forms at least one elevation and / or at least one depression in the surface of the foaming tool or comprises such.
• the surface structure forms at least one elevation and / or at least one depression in the surface of the foaming tool or comprises such.
• subtractive methods in addition to the formation of a depression in the surface of the foaming tool, it is therefore also possible to apply an elevation.
• both the application of the survey as well as the formation of a depression can be arbitrarily combined with each other, so that the resulting surface structure relative to the foaming tool can be both raised as well as recessed.
• a further development of the foaming tool according to the invention can also consist in that the at least one part has a surface structure such that a product produced by means of the foaming tool can be provided with at least one piece of information during production.
• the at least one piece of information can be, for example, a motif or a lettering, in particular relating to the production of the molded piece, or contain such a piece.
• a sign of the manufacturer or a date of manufacture or a Batch number to integrate into the surface structure, so that the product produced also carries the information on its surface structure.
• the invention relates to a method for producing a foaming tool according to the invention with at least one at least a portion of a cavity forming area.
• the at least one part of the surface structure is particularly preferable for the at least one part of the surface structure to be produced by successive layer-wise selective exposure and subsequent successive layer-wise selective hardening of building material layers from a building material which can be solidified by means of an energy beam, in particular powdered.
• a layered, in particular powdery, building material is applied in layers and then exposed by means of an energy beam and thereby solidified.
• the desired surface structure is formed in layers.
• the at least one part of the surface structure is subsequently applied to an existing component or an existing surface structure is supplemented by the at least one part. Accordingly, it is provided to form the foaming tool according to the manufacturing method as a hybrid component, wherein the desired surface structure or a part thereof is subsequently applied to the existing component or semifinished product. It is also possible that the foaming tool already has a defined surface structure, which is supplemented by the at least one part of the desired surface structure by the additive manufacturing process. Thus, a combination of conventional manufacturing methods and additive manufacturing methods is possible.
• Fig. 2 shows the detail II-II of the foaming tool according to the invention of Fig. 1;
• FIG. 3 shows an inventive foaming tool according to a second
• FIG. 4 shows an inventive foaming tool according to a third embodiment.
• the foaming tool 1 shows a foaming tool 1 for processing foamable or prefoamed plastic particles.
• the foaming tool 1 has a region 2, which forms a section of a cavity 3 or delimits the cavity 3.
• the region 2 forming the cavity 3 has a part 4 with a surface structure 5 which is produced by an additive method.
• the surface structure 5 is produced by means of laser beam melting, the surface structure 5 being produced by successive layer-wise selective exposure and subsequent successive layer-wise selective hardening of building material layers from a powdery building material which can be hardened by means of an energy beam.
• all other additive manufacturing methods for producing the foaming tool 1 can be used.
• the surface structure 5 is produced directly together with the production of the remaining foaming tool 1.
• An alternative separate production of the surface structure is shown for example in the second embodiment with reference to FIG. 3.
• the surface structure 5 has a plurality of protrusions 6 and a plurality of recesses 7, which are produced by means of the additive manufacturing process. Furthermore, the surface structure 5 has two subregions 8, 9, the surface structure 5 being differently pronounced in the two subregions 8, 9. The two subregions 8, 9 accordingly have a differently configured surface structure 5.
• Fig. 2 the area II-II of Fig. 1 is shown enlarged.
• the surface structure 5 is formed by alternately arranged elevations 6 and depressions 7.
• the surface structure 5 near-surface channels 10, through which, for example, a working fluid can be promoted to temper a molding.
• the near-surface arrangement of the channels 10 is made possible by the use of the additive manufacturing method, which would not be feasible by conventional manufacturing methods.
• Fig. 3 shows a foaming tool 1 1 according to a second embodiment.
• the foaming tool 1 1 has an area 12, which forms a portion of a cavity 13.
• the region 12 has a part 14 with a surface structure 15, which is produced by means of an additive manufacturing process.
• the surface structure is produced by means of an additive manufacturing process.
• the part 14 is formed as an insert and in a corresponding recess
• the part 14 is detachable and thus removed from the foaming tool 1 1.
• various inserts can be received in the recess 16, so that different surface structures 15 can be introduced into the foaming tool 1 1 and the part 14 can be replaced.
• the foaming tool 17 has a region 19 forming a portion of a cavity 18, which has at least one part 20 of a surface structure 21.
• the part 20 of the surface structure 21 is produced by an additive process.
• the foaming tool 17 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 thus has three subregions 22 to 24, wherein the surface structure 21 in the subregions 22 and 24 is the same and differs from the part 20 of the surface structure 21 in the subregion 23. In other words, the surface structure 21 in the subregions 22 and 24 deviates from the surface structure 21 in the region 24.
• the surface structure 21 in the subregions 22 and 24 was made together with the remainder of the foaming tool 17 directly during its manufacture.
• the part 20 of the surface structure 21 in the subregion 23 was subsequently applied by an additive method. In other words, the surface structure 21 has been supplemented by the subregion 23.
• each of the embodiments shown can be provided with channels 10.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
• Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

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Related Child Applications (2)

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Citations (6)

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• 2017
  • 2017-08-18 DE DE102017118960.2A patent/DE102017118960B4/de active Active
  • 2017-12-15 JP JP2020530719A patent/JP7499176B2/ja active Active
  • 2017-12-15 CN CN201780094032.4A patent/CN110997269B/zh active Active
  • 2017-12-15 US US16/639,224 patent/US20200254682A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2017-12-15 EP EP17818118.6A patent/EP3668694B1/de active Active
  • 2017-12-15 WO PCT/EP2017/083111 patent/WO2019034269A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2024
  • 2024-07-10 US US18/768,929 patent/US20240359398A1/en active Pending

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