WO2019026178A1 - Frein d'ascenseur, dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence d'ascenseur et ascenseur - Google Patents

Frein d'ascenseur, dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence d'ascenseur et ascenseur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019026178A1
WO2019026178A1 PCT/JP2017/027892 JP2017027892W WO2019026178A1 WO 2019026178 A1 WO2019026178 A1 WO 2019026178A1 JP 2017027892 W JP2017027892 W JP 2017027892W WO 2019026178 A1 WO2019026178 A1 WO 2019026178A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elevator
brake
car
guide rail
friction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/027892
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
直浩 白石
秀昭 島津
慎一郎 井戸
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2017/027892 priority Critical patent/WO2019026178A1/fr
Publication of WO2019026178A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019026178A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B66B5/22—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces by means of linearly-movable wedges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a brake of an elevator that brakes an elevating body in contact with a guide rail, a safety gear using the brake, and an elevator equipped with the safety gear.
  • a plurality of friction pieces are fixed to the surface of the brake that faces the rail.
  • the friction piece includes a plurality of ceramic friction pieces and a plurality of copper friction pieces (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
  • the brake has a support made of cast iron and a plurality of friction members.
  • the friction members are embedded at a distance from each other on the surface of the support opposite to the guide rails.
  • Each friction member is comprised by the ceramic sheet which synthesize
  • the coefficient of friction ⁇ can be expressed by the sum of the adhesion term ⁇ 1 and the digging term ⁇ 2 .
  • ⁇ ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2
  • ⁇ 2 ⁇ / P
  • ⁇ is the resistance due to digging (frictional force)
  • p is the flow pressure of the soft metal (deformation resistance)
  • A is the projected area in the sliding direction of the projections.
  • the friction coefficient at the time of the braking operation is substantially determined by the materials of the friction pieces and the rails, and the use conditions such as the surface pressure and the speed, and it is difficult to adjust the friction coefficient.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an elevator brake that can easily adjust the friction coefficient at the time of braking operation, an emergency stop device using the brake, and The object is to obtain an elevator equipped with the safety gear.
  • the braking member of the elevator according to the present invention, the emergency stop device of the elevator, and the elevator are made of fine ceramics, contact with the guide rails guiding the raising and lowering of the raising and lowering body, and raising and lowering by the frictional force with the guide rails.
  • a friction piece for braking the body is provided, and the friction piece is provided with a plurality of conical projections, and each protrusion has an apex that contacts the guide rail when the lifting member is braked by the friction piece.
  • the braking member of the elevator according to the present invention, the safety device of the elevator, and the elevator are provided with a plurality of conical projections on the friction piece, and each projection has an apex that contacts the guide rail when the elevator is braked. Therefore, the friction coefficient at the time of the braking operation can be easily adjusted.
  • FIG. 1 It is a block diagram which shows the elevator by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the safety gear apparatus of FIG. It is a front view which shows the brake of FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3; It is a front view which expands and shows the friction piece of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view showing a part of a cross section taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5; It is explanatory drawing which shows a hard and conical sharp metal dripping while digging up a soft metal surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an elevator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • a machine room 2 is provided at the top of the hoistway 1.
  • the hoisting machine 3 includes a drive sheave 6, a hoisting machine motor 3a, and a hoisting machine brake 3b.
  • the hoist motor 3 a rotates the drive sheave 6.
  • the hoisting machine brake 3 b brakes the rotation of the drive sheave 6.
  • a suspension 7 is wound around the drive sheave 6 and the deflecting wheel 4.
  • a first end of the suspension 7 is connected to a car 8 as an elevating body.
  • a counterweight 9 is connected to the second end of the suspension 7.
  • the car 8 and the counterweight 9 are suspended in the hoistway 1 by the suspension body 7 and move up and down in the hoistway 1 by rotating the drive sheave 6.
  • the control device 5 controls the hoisting machine 3 to raise and lower the car 8 at a set speed.
  • a pair of car guide rails 10 and a pair of counterweight guide rails 11 are installed in the hoistway 1.
  • FIG. 1 only the car guide rail 10 on one side and the counterweight guide rail 11 on one side are shown.
  • the car guide rail 10 and the counterweight guide rail 11 are made of steel, for example, SS400.
  • the car guide rail 10 guides raising and lowering of the car 8.
  • the counterweight guide rail 11 guides raising and lowering of the counterweight 9.
  • a car shock absorber 12 and a counterweight shock absorber 13 are installed.
  • a safety gear 14 is mounted at the bottom of the car 8.
  • the emergency stop device 14 grasps the pair of car guide rails 10 and makes the car 8 stop in an emergency.
  • the safety gear 14 is provided with an operating lever 15 for operating the safety gear 14.
  • a governor 16 is provided in the machine room 2.
  • the governor 16 monitors whether the car 8 is traveling at an excessive speed. Further, the governor 16 has a governor sheave 17, an overspeed detection switch (not shown), a rope catch (not shown), and the like.
  • a governor rope 18 is wound around the governor sheave 17.
  • the governor rope 18 is annularly laid in the hoistway 1 and connected to the actuating lever 15. Further, the governor rope 18 is wound around a support wheel 19 disposed at the lower part of the hoistway 1. When the car 8 moves up and down, the governor rope 18 circulates, and the governor sheave 17 rotates at a rotational speed corresponding to the traveling speed of the car 8.
  • the governor 16 mechanically detects that the traveling speed of the car 8 has reached an excessive speed. As the overspeed detected by the speed governor 16, a first overspeed Vos higher than the rated speed Vr and a second overspeed Vtr higher than the first overspeed are set.
  • the overspeed detection switch When the traveling speed of the car 8 reaches the first overspeed Vos, the overspeed detection switch is operated. As a result, the power supply to the hoisting machine 3 is cut off, the hoisting machine brake 3b is actuated, and the car 8 is suddenly stopped.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of the safety gear 14 of FIG.
  • the emergency stop device 14 has a frame 21, a pair of guide members 22, a pair of wedge-shaped brakes 23, and a pair of push springs 24, and the same configuration is also applied to the other side of the car 8 in the width direction. Have.
  • the frame 21 is fixed to the lower part of the car 8.
  • Each brake 23 is vertically movable along the corresponding guide member 22.
  • Each guide member 22 has a guide surface 22 a for guiding the corresponding brake 23.
  • Each guide surface 22a is inclined so as to gradually approach the car guide rail 10 from its lower end to its upper end.
  • the brake 23 faces the car guide rail 10 in parallel when the safety gear 14 is not in operation.
  • the car guide rail 10 has a pair of braking surfaces 10 a opposed to the braking element 23.
  • the braking surface 10 a functions as a guiding surface for guiding the raising and lowering of the car 8 during normal operation.
  • Each push spring 24 is provided between the corresponding guide member 22 and the frame 21. Further, each pressing spring 24 generates a force for pressing the corresponding braking element 23 against the braking surface 10 a via the corresponding guide member 22 when the safety gear 14 is actuated.
  • the brake 23 is pulled up to be in contact with the braking surface 10a. Thereafter, the brake 23 ascends until it hits the upper plate of the frame 21. At this time, the push spring 24 is compressed via the guide member 22, and the brake 23 is pressed against the braking surface 10a.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view showing the brake 23 of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG.
  • the brake 23 has a wedge-shaped brake body 25 and a plurality of cylindrical friction pieces 26.
  • the brake main body 25 has an opposing surface 25a opposed to the braking surface 10a.
  • a plurality of circular insertion holes 25b are provided in the facing surface 25a.
  • Each friction piece 26 is inserted into the corresponding insertion hole 25b.
  • the end of each friction piece 26 on the braking surface 10 a side protrudes toward the braking surface 10 a more than the facing surface 25 a.
  • Each friction piece 26 is made of fine ceramics defined in JIS R 1600: 2011. Further, each friction piece 26 contacts the braking surface 10a when the safety gear 14 is actuated, and brakes the car 8 by the frictional force with the braking surface 10a.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view showing the friction piece 26 of FIG. 3
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing part of a cross section taken along line VI-VI of FIG.
  • a plurality of projections 26 a are provided on the surface of the friction piece 26 facing the braking surface 10 a.
  • Each protrusion 26a is a square pyramid of the same size. Also, the protrusions 26a are arranged without gaps.
  • each protrusion 26a has an apex 26b opposite to the braking surface 10a.
  • Each apex 26 b contacts the braking surface 10 a when the car 8 is braked by the friction piece 26.
  • each protrusion 26 a When the protrusions 26a are in contact with the braking surface 10a at the time of braking, the side surfaces of the protrusions 26a are inclined at least 20 degrees with respect to the braking surface 10a.
  • the height dimension of each protrusion 26 a is 100 ⁇ m or more and 2000 ⁇ m or less.
  • the curvature radius R of each vertex 26 b is 0.5 mm or less.
  • the contact surface pressure between the brake 23 and the braking surface 10a is braked when the safety gear 14 is activated.
  • the yield stress of the surface 10a is exceeded, and the protrusion 26a bites into the braking surface 10a by a depth determined by the shape of the protrusion 26a and the mechanical properties of the braking surface 10a.
  • the effect of the digging term ⁇ 2 can be enhanced. Then, by setting the inclination angle ⁇ of the side surface of the protrusion 26a, it is possible to optionally design the friction force by the digging term ⁇ 2 .
  • the friction piece 26 made of fine ceramic is used, high hardness can be maintained even at high temperature as compared with the friction piece made of steel. Therefore, the wear of the friction piece 26 due to the friction heat at the time of braking can be prevented, and a stable braking force can be maintained.
  • each projection 26a by tilting 20 degrees or more with respect to the braking surface 10a, it is possible to enhance the effect of digging claim mu 2 more reliably.
  • each protrusion 26 a by setting the height dimension of each protrusion 26 a to 100 ⁇ m or more and 2000 ⁇ m or less, the effect of the digging and raising term ⁇ 2 can be more surely enhanced.
  • the friction piece may be integrally formed on the brake main body.
  • the protrusions 26a are disposed without a gap, but there may be a gap between adjacent protrusions.
  • the shape of the protrusion may be a pyramidal shape other than a square pyramid.
  • the shape of the protrusions may be conical or triangular pyramidal.
  • the shape of the protrusion may be a pyramid having a bottom surface which is a polygon other than a triangle and a square.
  • the shape of the projection may be a pyramid having a base at a shape other than a circle and a polygon.
  • the projections may be in the form of a cone in which the perpendicular from the top to the bottom does not pass through the center of gravity of the bottom.
  • protrusions of two or more types may be mixed in one friction piece.
  • the density of the protrusions can be variously changed, and the density of the protrusions may be changed according to the position in one friction piece.
  • two or more types of friction pieces having different shapes or arrangements of protrusions may be mixed in one brake.
  • two or more friction pieces of different materials may be mixed in one brake. That is, the present invention may be applied to only some of the friction pieces included in one brake.
  • the car 8 is shown as the elevating body, but the elevating body may be a counterweight. That is, the brake of the present invention may be applied to the safety gear mounted on the counterweight.
  • the configuration of the safety gear to which the brake of the present invention is applied is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG.
  • the layout of the devices of the entire elevator and the roping method etc. are not limited to the example of FIG.
  • the present invention can be applied to various types of elevators, such as machine room-less elevators, double deck elevators, and elevators of a one-shaft multicar system.
  • the one-shaft multicar system is a system in which the upper car and the lower car placed immediately below the upper car move up and down the common hoistway independently of one another.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un frein d'ascenseur comportant une partie de frottement. La partie de frottement est constituée de céramiques fines. De plus, la partie de frottement entre en contact avec un rail de guidage qui guide le levage ou l'abaissement d'un corps qui est levé ou abaissé et freine le corps qui est levé ou abaissé au moyen d'une force de frottement avec le rail de guidage. La partie de frottement est dotée d'une pluralité de saillies coniques. Chaque saillie a un sommet qui entre en contact avec le rail de guidage pendant le freinage du corps qui est levé ou abaissé à l'aide de la partie de frottement.
PCT/JP2017/027892 2017-08-01 2017-08-01 Frein d'ascenseur, dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence d'ascenseur et ascenseur WO2019026178A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2017/027892 WO2019026178A1 (fr) 2017-08-01 2017-08-01 Frein d'ascenseur, dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence d'ascenseur et ascenseur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2017/027892 WO2019026178A1 (fr) 2017-08-01 2017-08-01 Frein d'ascenseur, dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence d'ascenseur et ascenseur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019026178A1 true WO2019026178A1 (fr) 2019-02-07

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PCT/JP2017/027892 WO2019026178A1 (fr) 2017-08-01 2017-08-01 Frein d'ascenseur, dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence d'ascenseur et ascenseur

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10258977A (ja) * 1997-03-17 1998-09-29 Toshiba Corp エレベータ非常停止装置用ブレーキシュー、エレベータ用非常停止装置および非常停止機能を有するエレベータ
JP2001289270A (ja) * 2000-04-04 2001-10-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 制動装置および昇降体の制動装置
JP2007161436A (ja) * 2005-12-15 2007-06-28 Hitachi Ltd エレベーターおよびそれに用いる非常止め装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10258977A (ja) * 1997-03-17 1998-09-29 Toshiba Corp エレベータ非常停止装置用ブレーキシュー、エレベータ用非常停止装置および非常停止機能を有するエレベータ
JP2001289270A (ja) * 2000-04-04 2001-10-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 制動装置および昇降体の制動装置
JP2007161436A (ja) * 2005-12-15 2007-06-28 Hitachi Ltd エレベーターおよびそれに用いる非常止め装置

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