WO2019024656A1 - 一种浮动式散热器及其弹性支架 - Google Patents

一种浮动式散热器及其弹性支架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019024656A1
WO2019024656A1 PCT/CN2018/094707 CN2018094707W WO2019024656A1 WO 2019024656 A1 WO2019024656 A1 WO 2019024656A1 CN 2018094707 W CN2018094707 W CN 2018094707W WO 2019024656 A1 WO2019024656 A1 WO 2019024656A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elastic
heat sink
heat
arm
floating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/094707
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨景锋
张烨华
孙杨浩
彭继平
杜保健
郑义
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP18841634.1A priority Critical patent/EP3644696B1/en
Publication of WO2019024656A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019024656A1/zh
Priority to US16/750,887 priority patent/US11658096B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/40—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs
    • H01L23/4006—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs with bolts or screws
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/20—Cooling means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/40—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs
    • H01L23/4006—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs with bolts or screws
    • H01L2023/4037—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs with bolts or screws characterised by thermal path or place of attachment of heatsink
    • H01L2023/4062—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs with bolts or screws characterised by thermal path or place of attachment of heatsink heatsink to or through board or cabinet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/40—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs
    • H01L23/4006—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs with bolts or screws
    • H01L2023/4075—Mechanical elements
    • H01L2023/4081—Compliant clamping elements not primarily serving heat-conduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/40—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs
    • H01L23/4006—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs with bolts or screws
    • H01L2023/4075—Mechanical elements
    • H01L2023/4087—Mounting accessories, interposers, clamping or screwing parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a heat dissipating device in an electronic device, in particular to a floating heat sink and an elastic bracket thereof.
  • the device As the function of the terminal device is enhanced, the device has a growing demand for heat dissipation, and a low-cost, small-volume, and reliable heat-dissipating solution is required.
  • Existing radiators are classified into fixed and floating.
  • the fixed heat sink is the mainstream heat sink solution for small devices, including heat dissipating components, thermal pads and fasteners.
  • the working principle is that the heat of the working of the chip is transmitted to the heat dissipating component through the thermal pad, and then the heat is transferred to the air through the heat dissipating component for heat dissipation.
  • the heat dissipating component is fastened to the single board by screws, etc., but there are tolerances due to the processing of the structural parts and the assembly of the whole machine. In order to ensure the normal operation of the heat sink, the heat conducting medium must have a certain tolerance.
  • the calculation of the tolerance analysis is required to determine the gap size between the heat-generating device and the heat-dissipating component, and to ensure that the thermal pad works within a suitable compression range.
  • the scheme is simple in structure and easy to implement, the following problems exist: due to the tolerance, the thickness of the thermal pad is large, which will bring about a large thermal resistance, which affects the overall heat dissipation capability to some extent.
  • the floating heat sink is a widely used heat sink solution in the current box-type equipment, including heat-dissipating components, heat-conducting media, fasteners and springs.
  • the working principle is that the heat dissipating component is fixed on the single board by screws and springs to ensure that the heat dissipating component maintains contact with the heat generating component under the action of the spring, and the thermal grease is added in consideration of the unevenness of the surface of the heat dissipating component and the heat generating component.
  • the tolerances of structural parts and assembly are absorbed by the spring force of the radiator spring. In actual use, it is necessary to calculate the appropriate spring preload according to the pressure of the chip.
  • the program has good tolerance, the structure is complex and the size is large, which is difficult to achieve in a small space.
  • the fixed heat sink can achieve a relatively small volume, but the tolerance capability is insufficient, and can only be used with the thermal pad; the floating heat sink has a strong tolerance, and can be matched with a thermal gel.
  • the medium is used, but the structure is complicated and the size is large, which is difficult to apply in a device with a small space. Therefore, there is a need for a heat sink that is small in size and has tolerance.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a floating heat sink and an elastic bracket thereof, which are small in size and have good tolerance.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a resilient bracket for a floating heat sink.
  • the elastic bracket is integrally formed, and includes two or more fixing members and two or more elastic arms.
  • all the fixing members and all the elastic arms are arranged around the heat dissipating member, both ends of the elastic arm are connected with the fixing member, and both ends of the elastic arm are along
  • the circumferential direction of the heat sink is arranged; the middle portion of the elastic arm is for fixed connection with the single board, and the middle portion of the elastic arm is bent toward the single board.
  • the fixing member is a strip shape disposed along an edge of the heat dissipating member.
  • all of the fasteners are connected in a ring shape.
  • the side of the fixing member adjacent to the heat dissipating member is bent in a direction away from the single board .
  • the fixing member is provided with a tool positioning hole.
  • the two ends of the elastic arm are respectively connected to two ends of the fixing member;
  • Two ends of the elastic arm are respectively connected to the two fixing members.
  • the elastic arm includes two elastic sub-arms and a mounting portion, and the mounting portion is fixedly coupled to the two elastic sub-arms a middle portion to form a middle portion of the elastic arm;
  • the elastic sub-arm includes a flat portion and a bent portion that are fixedly connected;
  • the flat portion is disposed parallel to the single plate and is fixedly coupled to the fixing member;
  • the bent portion is bent toward the veneer and is fixedly coupled to the mounting portion.
  • the fixing member and the elastic arm are both in a sheet-like structure.
  • the present invention provides a floating heat sink comprising the above-mentioned elastic bracket and a heat sink, and the heat sink is connected to the fixing member of the elastic bracket.
  • the floating heat sink further includes an insulating member, wherein the heat dissipating member protrudes toward the single plate to form a boss, the insulating member is annular, and is disposed around the Around the boss.
  • the insulating member is provided with a buffering member on one side of the single board, the buffering member includes a connecting ring and a plurality of buffer blocks, and the connecting ring and the connecting ring The insulating member is fixedly connected, and the plurality of buffer blocks are fixedly connected to the connecting ring, and the plurality of buffer blocks are arranged around the boss.
  • the fixing member is connected with the heat dissipating member, and the force of the heat dissipating member can be applied to better connect with the heat generating device, thereby facilitating absorption of heat of the heat generating device for heat dissipation.
  • the two ends of the elastic arm are connected to the fixing member, and one elastic arm can be used to generate two points of action on the heat dissipating member, so that the heat radiating member is evenly stressed.
  • the middle portion of the elastic arm is curved toward the veneer to have a certain elastic deformation capability in the thickness direction of the veneer.
  • the middle portion of the elastic arm is connected with the veneer, and the elastic force can be used to generate the elastic force to make the heat dissipating member
  • the distance from the heating device can be adjusted for applicability, so that it has better tolerance, no need to configure the elastic parts, simplify the structure, the overall volume is small, it is easy to process and form, and is convenient for installation.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the floating heat sink according to the first embodiment of the present invention after being connected to a single board;
  • Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the floating heat sink of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the elastic bracket of the floating heat sink of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a resilient bracket provided by a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a resilient bracket provided by a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a resilient bracket provided by a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1-2 is a floating heat sink provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including an elastic bracket 1 and a heat dissipating member 2, and the heat dissipating member 2 is mounted on the veneer 9 through the elastic bracket 1.
  • the heat sink 2 is connected to the heat generating device 91 to dissipate heat from the heat generating device 91.
  • the elastic bracket 1 With the elasticity of the elastic bracket 1, the relative floating distance between the heat sink 2 and the single board 9 can be achieved.
  • the floating heat sink may further include an insulating member 3, and the heat sink 2 protrudes toward the single plate 9 to form a boss 21.
  • the insulating member 3 has an annular shape and is circumferentially disposed around the boss 21.
  • the heat sink 2 can be absorbed by the heat sink 2 by the boss 21 to dissipate heat. With the insulating member 3, it is possible to prevent the heat sink 2 from coming into contact with the solder joint around the heat generating device 91, and to avoid a malfunction such as a short circuit.
  • a medium such as a heat conductive gel (or a thermal grease) may be applied between the boss 21 of the heat sink 2 and the heat generating device 91, and sufficient contact between the heat dissipating component and the heat generating device 91 is ensured in the case of unevenness of the surface. Improve heat dissipation.
  • a buffering member 4 is disposed on one side of the insulating member 3 toward the single board 9.
  • the buffering member 4 is disposed between the heat dissipating member 2 and the heat generating device 91.
  • the buffering member 4 includes a connecting ring 41 and a plurality of buffer blocks 42.
  • the connecting ring 41 and The insulating member 3 is fixedly connected, a plurality of buffer blocks 42 are fixedly connected to the connecting ring 41, and a plurality of buffer blocks 42 are arranged around the boss 21.
  • the plurality of buffer blocks 42 can abut against the upper surface of the heat generating device 91, which can prevent the heat sink member from being partially damaged to the heat generating device 91 and improve the overall reliability.
  • the elastic bracket 1 for floating radiators.
  • the elastic bracket 1 is integrally formed as a whole for processing and preparation.
  • the elastic bracket 1 includes two or more fixing members 11 and two or more elastic arms 12, and the fixing members 11 are used for mounting the heat dissipating members 2, and all the fixing members 11 and all the elastic arms 12 are arranged around the heat dissipating members 2, and two of the elastic arms 12 are arranged.
  • the ends are connected to the fixing member 11, and the two ends of the elastic arm 12 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipating member 2; the middle portion of the elastic arm 12 is fixedly connected to the single board 9, and the middle portion of the elastic arm 12 is bent toward the single board 9. .
  • the fixing member 11 By connecting the fixing member 11 to the heat dissipating member 2, a force can be applied to the heat dissipating member 2 to better connect with the heat generating device 91, thereby facilitating absorption of heat of the heat generating device 91 for heat dissipation.
  • the two ends of the elastic arm 12 are connected to the fixing member 11, and the elastic member 12 can be used to generate two points of action on the heat dissipating member 2, so that the heat dissipating member 2 is evenly stressed.
  • the middle portion of the elastic arm 12 is bent toward the veneer 9 so as to have a certain elastic deformation capability.
  • the middle portion of the elastic arm 12 is connected to the veneer 9 through the screw 8, and the middle portion of the elastic arm 12 and the veneer 9 are With a certain gap between them, the deformation of the elastic arm 12 can be utilized to generate an elastic force, so that the distance between the heat dissipating member 2 and the heat generating device 91 can be adjusted for applicability, thereby having better tolerance, no need to configure elastic members, and simplifying the structure.
  • the overall volume is small, easy to process and form, and is conducive to installation.
  • the fixing member 11 is strip-shaped along the edge of the heat dissipating member 2 to facilitate connection with the heat dissipating member 2.
  • the heat sink 2 has a square shape, and the fixing members 11 are four, and four strip-shaped fixing members 11 are disposed along the four edges of the heat sink 2. Further, all the four fixing members 11 are sequentially connected in a ring shape so as to be in a frame shape, and the heat dissipating member 2 can be surrounded.
  • the heat dissipating member 2 can be fixed in the four strip-shaped fixing members 11, the elastic bracket 1 and the heat dissipating member. 2
  • the connection is firm, and at the same time, pressure can be uniformly applied to the heat sink 2 around the heat sink 2.
  • the side of the fixing member 11 adjacent to the heat sink 2 is bent in a stepped shape away from the single board 9.
  • the fixing member 11 can be provided with a positioning ear 111, and the corresponding heat dissipating member 2 is provided with a positioning groove 22, and the positioning ear 111 is inserted into the positioning groove 22, and the fixing member 11 can be realized by the cooperation of the positioning ear 111 and the positioning groove 22.
  • the positioning between the heat sinks 2 is such that they can be assembled into a single unit for easy assembly to the heat generating device 91 of the single board 9.
  • the fixing member 11 is provided with a tool positioning hole 110.
  • the tool positioning hole 110 can facilitate the clamping position of the elastic bracket 1 by the automation device, thereby facilitating automatic assembly.
  • the elastic arms 12 are four, and the four elastic arms 12 are connected to the four fixing members 11 in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the four elastic arms 12 are respectively located at the four edges of the heat dissipating member 2, so that the forces of the heat dissipating members 2 are uniformly applied in all directions.
  • Two ends of a resilient arm 12 are respectively connected to two ends of a fixing member 11 such that both ends of the elastic arm 12 are respectively located at two adjacent corners of the heat dissipating member 2.
  • the elastic arm 12 and the fixing member 11 are both in a sheet-like structure.
  • the entire elastic bracket 1 can be formed by stamping a metal sheet or a metal plate to facilitate processing, and at the same time, the thickness of the entire elastic bracket 1 can be made small, thereby reducing the volume of the entire floating radiator and reducing the occupation of the floating radiator. Space is conducive to miniaturization of the size of electronic devices.
  • the elastic arm 12 includes two elastic sub-arms 121 and a mounting portion 122.
  • the mounting portion 122 is fixedly connected between the two elastic sub-arms 121 to form a middle portion of the elastic arm 12;
  • the elastic sub-arm 121 includes a flat curved portion that is sequentially connected. 121a, a straight portion 121b and a lower curved portion 121c;
  • the flat curved portion 121a is fixedly coupled to the fixing member 11, and the flat curved portion 121a and the straight portion 121b are both disposed parallel to the single plate 9;
  • the lower curved portion 121c is bent toward the single plate 9 and It is fixedly connected to the mounting portion 122;
  • a gap is formed between the straight portion 121b and the lower curved portion 121c and the fixing member 11.
  • a mounting hole 120 may be provided in the mounting portion 122 to be connected to the single board 9 by screws 8.
  • the flat portion 121a can be used to connect the entire elastic arm 12 to the fixing member 11, and the flat portion 121a can extend away from the fixing member 11 such that the flat portion 121b, the lower curved portion 121c and the mounting portion 122 are fixed to the fixing member. 11 maintains a certain gap in a floating shape to facilitate the elastic deformation of the elastic arm 12.
  • Both the flat bent portion 121a and the straight portion 121b are disposed parallel to the single plate 9 to avoid increasing the thickness of the elastic bracket 1.
  • the length of the elastic arm 12 can be increased in the direction parallel to the single board 9 by the straight portion 121b without increasing the thickness of the elastic bracket 1.
  • the straight portion 121b may extend along the edge of the heat sink 2.
  • the use of the bent portion allows the mounting portion 122 to be relatively close to the veneer 9 to facilitate the connection with the veneer 9.
  • a gap is provided between the mounting portion 122 and the single board 9, that is, a gap is reserved between the mounting surface of the elastic arm 12 and the single board 9 when the heat sink is installed, and the elastic arm 12 acts on the screw 8 after the heat sink is installed.
  • a resilient deformation that can be recovered occurs.
  • the sheet metal material has good elasticity, and only the end portion of the elastic arm 12 is connected to the fixing member 11, the other portions are spaced apart from the fixing member 11, so that the circumference of the elastic arm 12 has been hollowed out, and the whole is in a cantilever state, and the elastic arm 12 can be deformed in the thickness direction of the veneer, and the pre-compression of the heat generating device 91 can be maintained in a large range without causing heat dissipation failure. This eliminates the need for additional springs and other auxiliary components to meet the heat dissipation requirements in a very small space.
  • the floating radiator and the elastic bracket 1 provided by the utility model can be applied to various electronic devices that need to dissipate heat.
  • one application scenario is a base heat dissipation system of a video conference camera.
  • the floating heat sink is mounted on the chip of the single board 9 through a fixing screw and a double female nut to achieve heat dissipation requirements; and the single board 9 and the floating heat sink are integrally fixed.
  • the heat conducted by the heat sink is conducted through the intermediate air layer to the camera die-cast base for temperature equalization.
  • the floating heat sink of the present invention has a gap between the board and the board 9 before the assembly, and the fixing of the screw to the board 9 causes the elastic arm 12 of the elastic bracket 1 to be deformed. Under the tensile force of the four elastic arms 12, the heat sink and the heat generating device 91 can be in close contact with each other, which is equivalent to providing a pre-pressure to the heat sink for sufficient heat conduction.
  • the integrated design of the elastic bracket 1 and the heat dissipating component provides reliable heat dissipation support for the limited space in the camera base.
  • the pre-deformation amount of the elastic arm 12 can be designed according to the pressure bearing capacity of the main chip, that is, the heat generating device 91, to ensure that the heat sink has a proper pre-pressure as a whole after the screw is tightened.
  • the assembly and machining tolerances of the heat sink in the present invention can be absorbed by the deformation of the elastic arm 12, so it is suitable to use a thermal conductive gel to improve the overall heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the setting of the heat-conducting medium has a great influence on the improvement of the overall heat dissipation efficiency. From the perspective of the heat conduction effect, the thinner the heat-conductive medium, the smaller the heat resistance and the higher the conduction efficiency.
  • the use of the thermal conductive gel can be made very thin, and the heat transfer efficiency is high, but the tolerance is not substantially absorbed.
  • the elastic bracket 1 provided by the utility model can overcome the tolerance of the thermal conductivity gel by using the tolerance absorption capability of the elastic support 1. defect.
  • the use of the insulating member ensures that the overall installation of the heat sink does not cause a short circuit to other parts of the single board 9, which improves the reliability of the system.
  • the tolerance of the heat sink can be ensured by the structure itself without reducing the heat conduction efficiency by using the heat conductive medium.
  • the utility model adopts the deformation of the elastic bracket 1 of the ordinary elastic material instead of the auxiliary member such as the spring, the screw can be directly fixed on the single board 9, which reduces the volume of the heat sink and reduces the manufacturing and assembly costs.
  • the overall structure is simple and small in size.
  • the floating radiator and the elastic bracket 1 provided by the utility model have the advantages of small volume, no spring and the like, and can realize the heat dissipation effect on the heat generating device 91 in a small space; the cost is low, and the elastic bracket 1 can adopt the commonly used elastic material. No special process, low cost per piece; easy to install, can be fixed directly on the veneer 9 with screws or buckles; high reliability, strong tolerance, within a wide range of accuracy, not Will cause damage to sensitive devices.
  • the elastic bracket 1 and the single board 9 can be fixedly connected by the screw passing through the mounting hole 120 of the mounting portion 122.
  • the mounting portion 122 may be fixedly coupled to the single board 9 by providing a snap on the mounting portion 122 or by using other fasteners.
  • the number of the elastic arms 12 and the fixing members 11 are the same, and all of them are four. In other embodiments, the number of the elastic arms and the fixing members is not limited to the above number, and the two may be different.
  • a resilient bracket 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention wherein the number of the fixing members 11 is four, is connected in a ring shape to form a frame shape that cooperates with the heat sink.
  • the number of the elastic arms 12 is two, and the two elastic arms 12 are fixedly connected to the two opposite fixing members 11 respectively, so that the two elastic arms 12 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the heat sink to provide a uniform force to the heat sink 2.
  • the specific structure of the elastic arm 12 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • both ends of a resilient arm are respectively connected to both ends of the same fixing member.
  • both ends of a resilient arm may also be connected to two fixing members, respectively.
  • the fixing members 11 are oppositely disposed, and the elastic arms 12a, 12b are four, and each of the two elastic arms 12a is elastic. Both ends of the arm 12a are fixedly coupled to both ends of the same fixing member 11; two ends of the other two elastic arms 12b are respectively connected to the ends of the two fixing members 11.
  • Two fixing members 11 can be used to engage the opposite edges of the heat sink 2 to position the heat sink 2 and apply a force to the heat sink 2.
  • the fixing member 11 is a strip shape provided along the edge of the heat sink 2. In other embodiments, the fixture 11 can also have other shapes. Referring to FIG. 6 , in the elastic bracket 1 provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the fixing member 11 is only connected to the corners of the heat sink 2 , and the fixing member 11 can be triangular. There are four fixing members 11 which can cooperate with the four corners of the square heat dissipating member 2. The shape of the elastic arm 12 is the same as that of the previous embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the elastic arms 12 are four, and the four elastic arms 12 and the four fixing members 11 are alternately arranged and connected in a ring shape so as to be evenly distributed around the heat dissipating member 2, thereby applying a uniform force around the heat dissipating member 2. .

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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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Abstract

本实用新型公开一种浮动式散热器及其弹性支架。浮动式散热器包括弹性支架及散热件。弹性支架为一体成型，其包括两个以上固定件及两个以上弹性臂，固定件用于安装散热件，所有固定件及所有弹性臂均环绕散热件排布，弹性臂的两端均与固定件连接，且弹性臂的两端沿散热件的周向排布；弹性臂的中部用于与单板固定连接，且弹性臂的中部朝向单板弯曲。弹性臂的两端与固定件相连，可以利用一个弹性臂对散热件产生两个作用点，以使得散热件受力均匀。弹性臂的中部与单板相连接，可以利用弹性臂的形变产生弹力，以使得散热件与发热器件间的距离能够进行适用性调整，具有较好的容差能力，简化结构，整体体积较小，便于加工成型，且利于安装。

Description

一种浮动式散热器及其弹性支架
本申请要求于2017年7月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为201720938742.8、发明名称为“一种浮动式散热器及其弹性支架”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本实用新型涉及电子设备中的散热装置，尤其涉及一种浮动式散热器及其弹性支架。
背景技术
随着终端设备功能的增强，器件对散热的需求也越来越强，需要有一种低成本、小体积、可靠的散热解决方案。现有的散热器分为固定式和浮动式。
固定式散热器，是目前小型设备主流的散热方案，包括了散热部件、导热垫和紧固件三部分。其工作原理是将芯片工作的热量通过导热垫传递到散热部件上，然后通过散热部件将热量传导给空气进行散热。散热部件通过螺钉等紧固在单板上，但是由于结构件的加工和整机的组装都存在公差，为了保证散热器正常工作，导热介质必须有一定的容差能力。在实际使用过程中，需要经过公差分析的计算来确定发热器件与散热部件的间隙尺寸，确保导热垫工作在合适的压缩范围内。该方案虽然结构简单，易于实现，但是存在如下问题：由于容差需要，导热垫的厚度较大，会带来较大的导热热阻，在一定程度上影响整体散热能力。
浮动式散热器，是目前机箱盒式设备中应用较为广泛的散热方案，包含了散热部件、导热介质、紧固件和弹簧四部分。其工作原理是将散热部件通过螺钉和弹簧固定在单板上，保证散热部件在弹簧的作用下保持与发热器件的接触，同时考虑到散热部件和发热器件表面的不平整度，增加导热硅脂来保证充分接触，结构件加工和整机组装的公差通过散热器弹簧的弹力来吸收。在实际使用过程中，需要根据芯片承受压力计算合适的弹簧预压力。该方案虽然容差能力好，但是结构组成复杂，尺寸较大，在狭小的空间内很难实现。
由此可见，现有技术中，固定式散热器可以做到比较小的体积，但容差能力不足，只能配合导热垫使用；浮动式散热器容差能力较强，可配合导热凝胶等介质使用，但结构复杂，尺寸较大，在空间狭小的设备中难以应用。因而需要一种体积小又具有容差能力的散热器。
实用新型内容
本实用新型实施例所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种浮动式散热器及其弹性支架，体积小，且具有较好的容差能力。
第一方面，本实用新型实施例提供了一种弹性支架，用于浮动式散热器，所述弹性支架为一体成型，其包括两个以上固定件及两个以上弹性臂，所述固定件用于安装散热件，所有所述固定件及所有所述弹性臂均环绕所述散热件排布，所述弹性臂的两端均与所述固定件连接，且所述弹性臂的两端沿所述散热件的周向排布；所述弹性臂的中部用于与单板固定连接，且所述弹性臂的中部朝向所述单板弯曲。
在第一方面第一种可能的实现方式中，所述固定件为沿所述散热件边缘设置的条形。
结合第一方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所有所述固定件依 次连接为环形。
结合第一方面前述任一种实现方式，在第一方面第三种可能的实现方式中，所述固定件上靠近所述散热件的一侧朝远离所述单板的方向弯折呈阶梯状。
结合第一方面前述任一种实现方式，在第一方面第四种可能的实现方式中，所述固定件上设置有工装定位孔。
结合第一方面前述任一种实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，一所述弹性臂的两端分别连接至一所述固定件的两端；或者，
一所述弹性臂的两端分别连接至两个所述固定件。
结合第一方面前述任一种实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，所述弹性臂包括两个弹性子臂及一安装部，所述安装部固定连接在两个所述弹性子臂的中间，以形成所述弹性臂的中部；所述弹性子臂包括固定连接的平部和弯部；所述平部平行于所述单板设置，且与所述固定件固定连接；所述弯部朝向所述单板弯曲且与所述安装部固定连接。
结合第一方面前述任一种实现方式，在第七种可能的实现方式中，所述固定件与所述弹性臂均为片状结构。
第二方面，本实用新型提供了一种浮动式散热器，包括前述的弹性支架、及散热件，所述散热件与所述弹性支架的固定件相连。
在第二方面第一种可能的实现方式中，所述浮动式散热器还包括绝缘件，所述散热件朝向单板突出形成有凸台，所述绝缘件为环状，环绕设置在所述凸台的四周。
结合第二方面第二种可能的实现方式中，所述绝缘件朝向所述单板的一侧设置有缓冲件，所述缓冲件包括连接环和多个缓冲块，所述连接环与所述绝缘件固定连接，所述多个缓冲块固定连接于所述连接环，所述多个缓冲块环绕所述凸台排布。
通过实施本实用新型的浮动式散热器及其弹性支架，利用固定件与散热件相连，可以对散热件施加作用力使其更好地与发热器件相连，从而利于吸收发热器件的热量以进行散热。弹性臂的两端与固定件相连，可以利用一个弹性臂对散热件产生两个作用点，以使得散热件受力均匀。弹性臂的中部朝向单板弯曲呈悬空状，使其具有在单板厚度方向上一定的弹性形变能力，弹性臂的中部与单板相连接，可以利用弹性臂的形变产生弹力，以使得散热件与发热器件间的距离能够进行适用性调整，从而具有较好的容差能力，无需再配置弹性部件，简化结构，整体体积较小，便于加工成型，且利于安装。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或背景技术中的技术方案，下面将对本实用新型实施例或背景技术中所需要使用的附图进行说明。
图1是本实用新型第一实施例提供的浮动式散热器与单板连接后的剖视图；
图2是图1中浮动式散热器的分解示意图；
图3是图2中浮动式散热器的弹性支架的示意图；
图4是本实用新型第二实施例提供的弹性支架的示意图；
图5是本实用新型第三实施例提供的弹性支架的示意图；
图6是本实用新型第四实施例提供的弹性支架的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合本实用新型实施例中的附图对本实用新型实施例进行描述。
请参见图1-2，图1-2是本实用新型实施例提供的一种浮动式散热器，包括弹性支架1、及散热件2，散热件2通过弹性支架1安装于单板9的发热器件91处，散热件2与发热器件91相连，以对发热器件91的热量进行散热。利用弹性支架1的弹性，可以实现散热件2与单板9之间距离的相对浮动。
浮动式散热器还可以包括绝缘件3，散热件2朝向单板9突出形成有凸台21，绝缘件3为环状，环绕设置在凸台21的四周。利用凸台21可以使得散热件2吸收发热器件91的热量，以进行散热。利用绝缘件3，可以避免散热件2与发热器件91周围的焊接点接触，避免产生短路等故障。散热件2的凸台21与发热器件91之间可以涂覆导热凝胶(或导热硅脂)等介质，在表面不平整性的情况下，保证散热组件和发热器件91之间的充分接触，提升散热效果。
进一步，绝缘件3朝向单板9的一侧设置有缓冲件4，缓冲件4位于散热件2与发热器件91之间，缓冲件4包括连接环41和多个缓冲块42，连接环41与绝缘件3固定连接，多个缓冲块42固定连接于连接环41，多个缓冲块42环绕凸台21排布。多个缓冲块42可以与发热器件91的上表面抵接，可以避免散热器件倾斜对发热器件91局部造成损伤，提升整体可靠性。
弹性支架1，用于浮动式散热器。弹性支架1整体为一体成型，以便于加工制备。弹性支架1包括两个以上固定件11及两个以上弹性臂12，固定件11用于安装散热件2，所有固定件11及所有弹性臂12均环绕散热件2排布，弹性臂12的两端均与固定件11连接，且弹性臂12的两端沿散热件2的周向排布；弹性臂12的中部用于与单板9固定连接，且弹性臂12的中部朝向单板9弯曲。
利用固定件11与散热件2相连，可以对散热件2施加作用力使其更好地与发热器件91相连，从而利于吸收发热器件91的热量以进行散热。弹性臂12的两端与固定件11相连，可以利用一个弹性臂12对散热件2产生两个作用点，以使得散热件2受力均匀。弹性臂12的中部朝向单板9弯曲呈悬空状，使其具有一定的弹性形变能力，弹性臂12的中部与单板9通过螺钉8相连接，且使得弹性臂12的中部与单板9之间保持一定间隙，可以利用弹性臂12的形变产生弹力，以使得散热件2与发热器件91间的距离能够进行适用性调整，从而具有较好的容差能力，无需再配置弹性部件，简化结构，整体体积较小，便于加工成型，且利于安装。
请参见图3，本实施例中，固定件11为沿散热件2边缘设置的条形，以便于与散热件2相连接。散热件2为方形，固定件11为四个，四个条形的固定件11沿散热件2的四个边缘设置。进一步地，所有四个固定件11依次连接为环形，从而呈框体状，可以将散热件2进行包围，散热件2可以固定在四个条形的固定件11内，弹性支架1与散热件2连接牢固，同时可以在散热件2四周均匀地向散热件2施加压力。
固定件11上靠近散热件2的一侧朝远离单板9的方向弯折呈阶梯状。利用多个固定件11上的阶梯状结构与散热件2的边缘相配合，能够实现对散热件2的定位，防止散热件2在平行于单板9的方向上移动。
固定件11上可以设置有定位耳111，相应散热件2上设置有定位槽22，定位耳111插接至定位槽22中，利用定位耳111与定位槽22的配合，可以实现固定件11与散热件2之间的定位，且可以使得二者装配成一个整体，便于整体装到单板9的发热器件91处。
固定件11上设置有工装定位孔110，利用工装定位孔110可以便于自动化设备对弹性支架1的夹持定位，方便自动化装配。
弹性臂12为四个，四个弹性臂12与四个固定件11一一对应连接，四个弹性臂12分别 位于散热件2的四个边缘处，使得散热件2的各个方向受力均匀。一弹性臂12的两端分别连接至一固定件11的两端，使得弹性臂12的两端分别位于散热件2的两个相邻的边角处。
弹性臂12与固定件11均为片状结构。整个弹性支架1可以为金属片或金属板冲压形成，以便于加工成型，同时可以使得整个弹性支架1的厚度较小，从而减小整个浮动式散热器的体积，减小浮动式散热器的占用空间，利于电子设备体积的小型化。
弹性臂12包括两个弹性子臂121及一安装部122，安装部122固定连接在两个弹性子臂121的中间，以形成弹性臂12的中部；弹性子臂121包括依次连接的平弯部121a、平直部121b和下弯部121c；平弯部121a与固定件11固定连接，平弯部121a与平直部121b均平行于单板9设置；下弯部121c朝向单板9弯曲且与安装部122固定连接；平直部121b与下弯部121c均与固定件11之间设有间隙。安装部122上可以设置安装孔120，以便通过螺钉8与单板9进行连接。
利用平弯部121a可以使得整个弹性臂12与固定件11相连，同时可以平弯部121a向远离固定件11的方向延伸，使得平直部121b、下弯部121c及安装部122均与固定件11保持一定间隙呈悬空状，以利于弹性臂12的弹性形变。平弯部121a及平直部121b均平行于单板9设置，以避免增加弹性支架1的厚度。可以利用平直部121b可以在平行于单板9的方向上增加弹性臂12的长度，而不会增加弹性支架1的厚度。平直部121b可以沿散热件2的边沿延伸。利用弯部可以使得安装部122相对靠近单板9，利于与单板9之间的连接。安装部122与单板9之间设置有间隙，即在安装时弹性臂12的安装面与单板9之间预留了一段间隙，散热器安装完成后，弹性臂12会在螺钉8的作用下发生可以恢复的弹性变形。由于片状的金属材料弹性较好，而且弹性臂12上仅端部与固定件11相连，其他部分与固定件11间隔设置，使得弹性臂12周圈已经掏空，整体呈现悬臂状态，弹性臂12在单板厚度方向上可以产生变形，可以在较大的范围内保持对发热器件91的预压而不会引起散热失效。这样就不需要再增加弹簧等辅助部件，可以满足极小空间内的散热需求。
本实用新型提供的浮动式散热器及其弹性支架1，可以运用于各类需要散热的电子设备之中。例如，其中一种应用场景是视频会议摄像机的底座散热系统其中浮动散热器通过固定螺钉和双阴螺母安装到单板9的芯片上，实现散热需求；同时单板9与浮动散热器作为整体固定在摄像机底座上，散热器传导的热量通过中间空气层传导到摄像机压铸底座上进行均温。
本实用新型中的浮动散热器在装配之前与单板9之间预留了间隙，把螺钉穿过安装部122与单板9固定连接后会使弹性支架1的弹性臂12发生变形，这样在四个弹性臂12的拉力作用下，散热器与发热器件91之间可以紧密接触，相当于给散热器提供了预压力，从而进行充分的热传导。弹性支架1与散热部件的一体化设计方案为摄像机底座中有限的空间提供了可靠的散热支持。在浮动散热器的设计过程中，可以根据主芯片即发热器件91的承压能力设计了弹性臂12的预变形量，保证螺钉打紧后，散热器整体有一个适当的预压力。
本实用新型中的散热器装配和加工公差可以通过弹性臂12的变形来吸收，所以适合选用导热凝胶来提升整体散热效率。导热介质的设置对整体散热效率的提升有很大的影响，从导热效果来看，导热介质越薄，热阻越小，传导效率也就越高。利用导热凝胶可以做到很薄，热传导效率高，但是基本没有公差吸收能力，采用本实用新型提供的弹性支架1，利用弹性支架1的公差吸收能力，可以克服导热凝胶公差吸收能力差的缺陷。同时，绝缘部件的使用确保了散热器整体安装偏位时不会对单板9其他部分造成短路，提升了系统的可靠性。
由于本实用新型设置了弹性支架1，可以通过结构本身保证散热器的容差能力，而不会因为使用导热介质而降低热传导效率。同时，由于本实用新型采用普通弹性材料的弹性支架 1的变形来替代弹簧等辅助部件，可以直接使用螺钉固定在单板9上，减小了散热器的体积，同时降低了制造和装配成本。整体结构形式简单，体积小。
本实用新型提供的浮动式散热器及弹性支架1，体积小，无弹簧等辅助部件，可在极小的空间实现对发热器件91的散热作用；成本低，弹性支架1可以采用常用的弹性材料，无特殊工艺，单件成本低；安装简单，可直接用螺钉或卡扣将浮动式散热器固定在单板9上；可靠性高，容差能力强，在较宽的精度范围内，不会造成敏感器件损坏。
在上述实施方式中，通过螺钉穿过安装部122的安装孔120可以将弹性支架1与单板9进行固定连接。此处，在其他实施方式中，还可以通过在安装部122上设置卡扣、或者利用其他紧固件将安装部122与单板9进行固定连接。
在上述实施方式中，弹性臂12与固定件11的数目相同，均为四个，在其他实施方式中，弹性臂与固定件的数目并不局限于上述数目，二者的也可以不相同。请参见图4，如本实用新型第二实施例提供的弹性支架1，其中固定件11的数目为四个，连接成环形，以形成与散热器相配合的框体状。弹性臂12的数目为两个，两个弹性臂12分别与两个相对的固定件11固定连接，使得两个弹性臂12相对散热器对称布置，以便对散热件2提供均匀的作用力。弹性臂12的具体结构与第一实施例相同，此处不再赘述。
在上述实施方式中，一弹性臂的两端分别连接至同一固定件的两端。在其他实施方式中，一弹性臂的两端也可以分别连接至两个固定件。请参见图5，如本实用新型第三实施例提供的弹性支架1中，固定件11为相对设置的两个，弹性臂12a、12b为四个，其中的两个弹性臂12a中，各弹性臂12a的两端固定连接至同一固定件11的两端；另外两个弹性臂12b的两端分别连接至两个固定件11的端部。利用两个固定件11可以与散热件2的两个相对的边沿配合，以将散热件2进行定位，并对散热件2施加作用力。
在上述实施方式中，固定件11为沿散热件2的边缘设置的条形。在其他实施方式中，固定件11也可以为其他形状。请参见图6，如本实用新型第四实施方式提供的弹性支架1中，固定件11仅与散热件2的边角对应连接，固定件11可以为三角形。固定件11为四个，可以与方形的散热件2的四个边角对应配合。弹性臂12的形状与前述实施例相同，此处不再赘述。弹性臂12为四个，四个弹性臂12与四个固定件11交替排布，且相连成环形，从而可以均布在散热件2的四周，从而在散热件2的四周施加均匀的作用力。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种弹性支架，用于浮动式散热器，其特征在于，所述弹性支架为一体成型，其包括两个以上固定件及两个以上弹性臂，所述固定件用于安装散热件，所有所述固定件及所有所述弹性臂均环绕所述散热件排布，所述弹性臂的两端均与所述固定件连接，且所述弹性臂的两端沿所述散热件的周向排布；所述弹性臂的中部用于与单板固定连接，且所述弹性臂的中部朝向所述单板弯曲。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的弹性支架，其特征在于，所述固定件为沿所述散热件边缘设置的条形。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的弹性支架，其特征在于，所有所述固定件依次连接为环形。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的弹性支架，其特征在于，所述固定件上靠近所述散热件的一侧朝远离所述单板的方向弯折呈阶梯状。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的弹性支架，其特征在于，所述固定件上设置有工装定位孔。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的弹性支架，其特征在于，一所述弹性臂的两端分别连接至一所述固定件的两端；或者，
    一所述弹性臂的两端分别连接至两个所述固定件。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的弹性支架，其特征在于，所述弹性臂包括两个弹性子臂及一安装部，所述安装部固定连接在两个所述弹性子臂的中间，以形成所述弹性臂的中部；所述弹性子臂包括固定连接的平部和弯部；所述平部平行于所述单板设置，且与所述固定件固定连接；所述弯部朝向所述单板弯曲且与所述安装部固定连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的弹性支架，其特征在于，所述固定件与所述弹性臂均为片状结构。
  9. 一种浮动式散热器，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-8任一项所述的弹性支架、及散热件，所述散热件与所述弹性支架的固定件相连。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的浮动式散热器，其特征在于，所述浮动式散热器还包括绝缘件，所述散热件朝向单板突出形成有凸台，所述绝缘件为环状，环绕设置在所述凸台的四周。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的浮动式散热器，其特征在于，所述绝缘件朝向所述单板的一侧设置有缓冲件，所述缓冲件包括连接环和多个缓冲块，所述连接环与所述绝缘件固定连接，所述多个缓冲块固定连接于所述连接环，所述多个缓冲块环绕所述凸台排布。
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CN207531242U (zh) 2018-06-22
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