WO2019022690A1

WO2019022690A1 - Universal aerodynamic separator with additional cleaning of grain material

Info

Publication number: WO2019022690A1
Application number: PCT/UA2017/000099
Authority: WO
Inventors: Владимир Степанович СУХИН; Ирина Владимировна ЧЕРНОБАЙ; Геннадий Тамазевич КАЛИЧАВА
Original assignee: Владимир Степанович СУХИН; Ирина Владимировна ЧЕРНОБАЙ; Геннадий Тамазевич КАЛИЧАВА
Priority date: 2017-07-24
Filing date: 2017-10-17
Publication date: 2019-01-31
Also published as: UA122770U

Abstract

Use: in devices for the air separation of bulk materials; can be used primarily in agriculture for cleaning and sorting the seeds of grain crops, grass crops and other crops, and also in other areas of the economy for separating contaminated bulk materials into individual fractions. Essence: an aerodynamic separator with additional cleaning of grain material comprises a hopper with a vibrating chute, an air jet cascade generator mounted beneath the hopper and pneumatically linked to a source for supplying pressurized air, and a separating chamber with fraction collectors arranged therebelow. At the start of the vibrating chute, between said chute and an outlet of the hopper, there is mounted a scalping comb, the projecting bars of which are of different lengths or stiffnesses and are bent at the end, having a collector for large contaminants disposed at their free ends, wherein said collector is in the form of a single-sloped or double-sloped vibrating chute connected to a collector for a first fraction. In order to increase efficiency by means of the rapid removal of the scalper and the setting of an optimal comb angle, the comb is provided with a pivoting mechanism, for example in the form of a trapezoid that is provided with locking members for locking the comb in a chosen position. Technical advantage: maximum efficiency; consistent cleaning quality; ability to rapidly adjust cleaning parameters.

Description

UNIVERSAL AERODYNAMIC SEPARATOR WITH ADDITIONAL CLEANING GRAIN MATERIAL

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The invention relates to devices for air separation of bulk materials and can be used mainly in agriculture for cleaning and sorting seeds of cereal, herbal and other crops at breeding stations, in farms, in the mill and feed mill. production, as well as in other sectors of the national economy for the separation of contaminated bulk materials into separate fractions.

Prior art

A prior art aerodynamic separator for separation with additional cleaning of grain material is known in the prior art; it contains a vibrating channel bunker, an air jet cascade generator installed under it, pneumatically connected to a pressurized air source, and a separation chamber, under which Also in the middle of the separation chamber, a device for cleaning the grain material, made in the form of a dual-slope collective bar, is located above the fractions collectors; Wei of the working bodies of which, freely rest on the supporting pivot shafts with chistists located between the adjacent branches of the working bodies, each branch being a straight line with a hook at one end, with which the branch is put on the central axis gable, and also the distance between the branches in the set of the working body can be changed with the help of washers. The angle of inclination of the branches of the working bodies can be changed by moving in the vertical direction the central axis of the grid, or horizontal movement of the rotary shafts in different directions [see Patent of Ukraine Ne 87489 in classes IPC ⁶ WW07B 4/02, A01 F 12/44 published on 02.02.2014 in Bul. N ° 3].

The main disadvantage of the known aerodynamic separator is the gradual decrease in productivity in the process of operation due to the imperfection of its design. The presence of this drawback is explained as follows. The grate for cleaning grain material from impurities is in a static state, which contributes to contamination of the interdust space with impurities commensurate with it and so-called “riders” (broken straw, V-shaped fragments of ears, etc.), which gradually reduces the throughput grids, therefore, the performance of the separator. In addition, since the perimeter of the lattice is rigid, the probability of grain jamming between the rods remains quite high, and the cleaners are placed only at the end of the lattice, therefore, they are able to clean no more than 5% of the working area of the lattice, which is even more This reduces the separator’s performance and also makes it necessary to periodically stop its operation for the preventive cleaning of the grate.

The closest in its essence and the achieved effect, taken as a prototype, is an aerodynamic separator with additional purification of grain material, containing a hopper with a vibrating channel, an air jets cascade generator installed under it, pneumatically connected to an air supply source under pressure and a separation chamber, under which collections of fractions are located, and at the beginning of the vibrating channel, a scalper comb is installed between it and the exit from the bunker, the console rods of which have different length or rigidity, have an end bend, and are equipped with a collection of large impurities, made in the form of a single or dual slope vibrochannel, communicated with the collection of the first fraction [see patent of Ukraine No u2017 01874 on classes В07В 4/02, A01 F 12/44 filed on February 27, 2017, which was decided to grant the patent].

The main disadvantage of the known technical solution is that the scalper comb is installed stationary. The essence of this drawback is explained as follows. If a previously cleaned grain material is fed into the bunker, there is no need at all in the scalper grating. It only reduces the performance of the separator, creating an additional mechanical obstacle to the free flow of grain material into the separation chamber. If the grain material is contaminated with impurities, then the use of such a scalper comb is justified, even if the productivity of the separation process decreases. Since the comb is installed stationary, it naturally cannot take into account the state (contamination) of the feedstock, which is a constructive disadvantage of the known aerodynamic separator.

Solvable problem

The invention is based on the task of further improving the known aerodynamic separator by expanding its functional capabilities due to the possibility of changing the spatial position (installation angle or slope of the scalper comb depending on the degree of contamination of the initial grain material to ensure maximum separator performance, regardless of the state of the initial raw material.

Summary of Invention

The solution of this problem is achieved by the fact that in an aerodynamic separator with additional purification of grain material containing a hopper with a vibrating channel, a generator of a cascade of air jets installed below it, pneumatically connected to a source of air supply under pressure and a separation chamber under which collections of fractions, and in the beginning of the vibrating channel between them and the exit from the bunker, a scalper comb was installed, the console rods of which have different length or rigidity, have a terminal bend, and with at the free ends are collected by a collection of large impurities, made in the form of a one- or two-fold vibrochannel, communicated with the collection of the first fraction, according to the proposal, in order to promptly turn off the scaling and set the optimum slope angle of the comb, the latter is equipped with swivel mechanism, made, for example, in the form of a trapezoid, equipped with locks of the selected position.

Due to the possibility of changing the spatial position of the scalper rake in relation to the exit hole from the bunker, it is technically possible to take into account the degree of contamination of the raw material by completely or partially turning off the scalperation from the separation process due to its proper rotation - from the outlet from the bunker in the case of supplying puppy grain material.

Due to the presence of the latch, the scalper comb can remain at a given angle at any time and perform its functional purpose without changing the performance over time.

Due to the implementation of the rotary mechanism in the form of a trapezium, the entire comb, regardless of its width, rotates parallel across its entire plane, which creates the same conditions for the passage of grain material through it throughout its area.

Thus, the totality of all the described essential features characterizing the declared aerodynamic separator for separating grain material with additional purification, obtained due to the introduced constructive changes to the scalper comb, by performing it technically rotatable, allows to achieve the desired technical result, expressed in stabilizing performance operation of the unit at the maximum level regardless of the degree of contamination of the initial grain material.

List of figures illustrative materials

The further essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by an illustrative material, which depicts the following:

Figure 1 is a side view of the proposed aerodynamic separator with additional cleaning of the grain material, a longitudinal section;

Figure 2 is a scalper comb, view in plan, in the working position. The single arrows indicate the direction of the movement. air in the separation chamber, triple arrows - exit from the separator of the separated grain material, bright dots - grain material, Roman numerals indicate collections of fractions;

Figure 3 - scalper comb, view in plan, in non-working position;

Figure 4 is a cross section of the proposed aerodynamic separator with a dual-slope vibrochannel;

Figure 5 is the same, with a single-channel vibrochannel;

Figure 6 - the proposed separator with a single slope vibrochannel, plan view.

Description of the preferred variant of the invention

The proposed aerodynamic separator with additional cleaning of the grain material contains a hopper 1 for loading the grain material with a vibrating channel 2, a generator 3 of a cascade of air streams installed under them, connected to the source 4 of pressurized air, and a separation chamber 5. Under sepa - the collection chamber 5 contains collections of fractions 6 (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX).

At the beginning of the vibrating channel 2, a scalper comb 7 is installed between it and the exit from the bunker 1. Under the free cantilever end of the comb 7 there is a collection of large impurities, made in the form of a dual-slope channel 8 communicated with the collection of the first fraction 6 (I). Depending on the specific operating conditions, size and performance of the separator, channel 8 can be made lean-to, and it can also be sent to a separate bunker of impurities (this version of the separator is not shown). The scalper comb 7 (see Fig. 2) contains a set of cantilever rods 9 which have different lengths or stiffness and also have an end bend 10. The comb 7 is installed on the trapezium 1 1 with the possibility of rotation about the axis 12. The slope of the comb 7 is provided by the rotation of the axis using the handle 13, and the selected position is fixed by means of the clamp 14.

The principle of operation of the proposed aerodynamic separator for separation with additional purification of the grain material is as follows.

The grain material to be separated is loaded into the bunker 1 of the aerodynamic separator, from where it gets to the comb 7. Due to the fact that the comb 7 is located above the vibrating tray 2 and is connected with it, the latter, by oscillating itself, drives the comb 7 also into the oscillatory motion. Moreover, due to the fact that the bars 9 of the comb 7 are fixed to the console (open circuit), and also have a different length or stiffness, each of them oscillates autonomously with its own individual amplitude and frequency of oscillations. The grain material, passing through the oscillating comb 7, stratifies and its particles (grains), with the exception of large impurities, fall on the vibratory channel 2, from where it is gravitationally fed into the separating chamber 5. Large impurities remain on the bars 9 of the comb 7 and, thanks to its tilt (in accordance with the tilt of the vibrating channel 2) is moved to the cantilever edge of the comb 7, from where they get to the double-slope channel 8, along which they (the slope) fall into the collection of the first fraction 6 (I) or into a separate storage bin (not shown) corresponding kana Lam 15.

If the grain material enters the hopper 1 already cleaned, the comb 7 is raised up using the handle 13 and fixed in this position with the help of the clamp 14 (see Fig. 3). Grain material falling into the separation chamber 5, under the influence of a cascade of air jets leaving the generator 3, is divided into separate fractions by air streams that fall into their respective collections of fractions 6

(II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX).

Thus, the continuous cleaning of the grain material proposed in this technical solution, regardless of the degree of its contamination, without reducing the performance of the aerodynamic separator, results in a qualitatively new technical result, in comparison with the known analogues, expressed in stabilizing the maximum productivity and operative introduction or exclusion of the process of raw material scalping.

The essential difference of the proposed aerodynamic separator for separating grain material with additional purification, from previously known similar technical solutions, is the possibility of including in the separation process, as necessary, the scalification process due to the introduction of a comb into the flow of raw materials This position is a simple clip. This distinctive feature is ensured by the execution of a rotary comb without dismantling it and placing it on a trapezium. None of the known aerodynamic separators can simultaneously possess the listed properties, because either they contain bulky cleaners installed above the bunker (for example, see patents UA79394, UA79394), which leads to a significant increase in the size of separators, or cleaners located directly in the separation chamber, disrupting the process of aerodynamic separation of the mixture into separate fractions, as they become an obstacle on the way air streams with specified parameters (for example, see patents RU2401704, SU1176976), or do not provide cleaning of the separated material from coarse impurities at all due to the absence of cleaning devices in their structures, which makes them considered incapable of providing final products - that quality required by technical conditions.

The proposed technical solution has been tested in practice and implemented in the designs of the mass-produced nomenclature series of aerodynamic separators of the CAD series (Aerodynamic Separator), produced by OOO NPP Aeromekh.

Technical advantages of the invention

The technical advantages of the proposed technical solution, compared with the prototype, include the following:

- ensuring maximum separator productivity, regardless of the degree of contamination of the feedstock due to the fact that the scalper comb is commissioned as necessary;

- stabilization of the quality of cleaning due to the fact that the comb is mounted on a trapezoid that can rotate relative to the axis of attachment;

- the ability to quickly change the angle of the comb due to the presence of the clamp.

The economic effect of the implementation of the proposed technical solution, compared with the use of the prototype, is obtained by improving the quality of the finished product and increasing the productivity of the aerodynamic separator, regardless of the degree of contamination of the feedstock.

Claims

CLAIM

A universal aerodynamic separator with additional cleaning of the grain material, containing a hopper with a vibrating channel, a generator of a cascade of air jets installed below it, pneumatically connected to a source of pressurized air and a separation chamber, under which fractions collectors are located, and at the beginning of the vibrating channel and a scalper comb is installed at the exit from the bunker, the cantilever rods of which have different length or stiffness, have a terminal bend, and are provided at the free ends with a collection of circles impurities, made in the form of a single or dual slope vibrochannel, communicated with the collection of the first fraction, which is used to increase productivity by operatively turning off the scaling and setting the optimum slope angle of the comb, the latter is equipped with a swivel mechanism, made, for example, in the form of a trapezium equipped with locks of the selected position.