WO2019021382A1 - Dispositif d'observation à balayage optique, système d'observation à balayage optique et procédé de réglage de direction de polarisation d'un dispositif d'observation à balayage optique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'observation à balayage optique, système d'observation à balayage optique et procédé de réglage de direction de polarisation d'un dispositif d'observation à balayage optique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019021382A1
WO2019021382A1 PCT/JP2017/027009 JP2017027009W WO2019021382A1 WO 2019021382 A1 WO2019021382 A1 WO 2019021382A1 JP 2017027009 W JP2017027009 W JP 2017027009W WO 2019021382 A1 WO2019021382 A1 WO 2019021382A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
polarization
unit
laser
polarization direction
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PCT/JP2017/027009
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
森　健
雙木　満
矢島　浩義
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オリンパス株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2017/027009 priority Critical patent/WO2019021382A1/fr
Priority to PCT/JP2018/027833 priority patent/WO2019022114A1/fr
Publication of WO2019021382A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019021382A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/26—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes using light guides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/10—Scanning systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light scanning observation apparatus, a light scanning observation system, and a polarization direction adjustment method of the light scanning observation apparatus.
  • a laser scanning endoscope which forms an image by scanning laser light on a subject and detecting light from the subject (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the light from the subject includes surface reflected light, surface scattered light, and fluorescence.
  • Surface reflected light is laser light specularly reflected on the surface of the subject.
  • the surface scattered light is scattered light generated by scattering of laser light in the surface layer of the subject.
  • the fluorescence is fluorescence generated by excitation of a self-fluorescent substance or a fluorescent dye present in a subject by laser light.
  • the surface reflected light component contained in the light to be detected is reduced, but in the case of an object having a glossy surface such as a metal body, the surface reflected light component is increased. .
  • the incident path of light from the subject to the light receiver of the endoscope includes a first path in which light is directly incident on the light receiver from the subject, and a second path in which light from the subject is incident on the light receiver via the reflection surface. And exist.
  • linearly polarized light is obliquely incident on the reflecting surface, the reflectance of linearly polarized light differs depending on the incident angle and the polarization direction.
  • surface scattered light from a subject surface reflected light and fluorescence
  • surface reflected light is linearly polarized light having a polarization direction corresponding to the polarization direction of laser light. Therefore, the surface reflected light passing through the second path has a change in brightness depending on its polarization direction, which affects the brightness and tint of the formed image.
  • Patent Document 1 there is a problem that the polarization direction of the laser light is not considered about the influence given to the image.
  • the balance of brightness among the surface reflected lights of R, G, and B changes between the subject and the light receiver.
  • the color of the subject inside is different from the actual color of the subject.
  • the influence of the polarization direction of the laser light on the image is particularly observed in the observation of an object having a glossy surface such as a metal body, or in the environment where a reflector such as metal or glass is present around the object. It becomes remarkable.
  • the observation target is often a scatterer, and the laser beam is observed along a certain direction.
  • the subject is irradiated. Therefore, the polarization direction of the laser light does not become an issue in the quality of the image.
  • the polarization state of the laser light is eliminated at the diffusion stage, so the reflection angle becomes a problem. It will never be.
  • an observation object may include a reflector, and irradiation of a laser beam to the observation object is also possible.
  • the polarization direction of the laser light affects the image as the angle changes, Patent Document 1 does not consider such an influence.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an optical scanning observation apparatus, an optical scanning observation system, and an optical scanning observation apparatus capable of controlling the influence of the polarization direction of laser light on an image. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of adjusting the polarization direction of
  • an optical scanning observation apparatus comprising: a scanning unit configured to scan the laser light emitted toward a target; and a light detection unit configured to detect signal light generated in the observation target by irradiation of the laser light.
  • the laser beam output from the light source unit is scanned on the observation target by the scanning unit, and the signal light generated in the observation target is detected by the light detection unit.
  • An image can be formed by associating the detected signal light with the detection position.
  • the intensity of the signal light detected by the light detection unit that is, the image may be influenced by the polarization direction of the laser light, but the polarization adjustment unit adjusts the polarization direction of the laser light to adjust the polarization of the laser light. You can control the effect that the direction has on the image.
  • a polarization switching unit provided between the polarization adjusting unit and the scanning unit and switching the polarization direction of the laser light between a first direction and a second direction;
  • an image generation unit that generates an image of the observation target based on the signal light detected by the detection unit, and the image generation unit is configured to, when the polarization direction of the laser light is the first direction, One image may be generated, and a second image may be generated when the polarization direction of the laser light is the second direction.
  • the image generation unit may generate a synthesized image by synthesizing the first image and the second image. By doing this, it is possible to generate a composite image in which the influence of the polarization direction, in particular, the variation in brightness is reduced.
  • the light source unit includes three laser light sources that respectively output red, green and blue laser beams, and the polarization adjusting unit is at least one of the red, green and blue laser beams.
  • One polarization direction may be adjusted. By doing this, it is possible to generate a color image in which the tint of the observation object depending on the polarization direction of the red, green and blue laser beams is controlled.
  • the light source unit outputs a plurality of the laser beams
  • the polarization adjusting unit causes at least two polarization directions of the plurality of the laser beams to be identical to each other.
  • the polarization directions of the plurality of laser beams may be adjusted.
  • a light source unit for outputting laser light
  • a depolarizer for depolarizing the laser light output from the light source
  • a depolarizer for depolarizing the object.
  • an optical scanning observation apparatus comprising: a scanning unit configured to scan the laser beam emitted toward the light emission unit;
  • an optical scanning observation apparatus and an apparatus for adjusting the polarization direction used to adjust the polarization direction of the laser beam emitted from the optical scanning observation apparatus.
  • a polarization selecting unit for selecting a polarization component in a predetermined direction among the laser beams emitted from the light scanning observation apparatus, and the polarization selecting unit selecting the polarization direction adjusting device.
  • a light amount detection unit configured to detect the light amount of the polarization component in the predetermined direction.
  • the polarization selecting unit of the polarization direction adjusting apparatus selects the polarization component in a predetermined direction.
  • the light quantity of the selected light is detected. Detected by the department.
  • the amount of light detected by the light amount detector depends on the polarization direction of the laser light with respect to the predetermined direction. Therefore, based on the detected light quantity, the polarization adjustment unit can adjust the polarization direction of the laser light to a desired direction.
  • control unit may control the polarization adjusting unit such that the light amount detected by the light amount detecting unit is maximum or minimum.
  • the polarization direction of the laser light can be adjusted in a direction parallel to the predetermined direction or in a direction orthogonal to the predetermined direction.
  • the polarization selecting unit may be disposed between the polarization adjusting unit and the light amount detecting unit. By doing so, a configuration suitable for a transmission type polarization selection unit such as a polarizing plate can be obtained.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention is a polarization direction adjusting method of adjusting the polarization direction of laser light emitted from a light scanning observation apparatus, which emits laser light, and the polarization direction of the emitted laser light is It is a polarization direction adjustment method which detects and adjusts the polarization direction of the laser beam emitted from the light scanning observation apparatus so that the polarization direction of the laser beam is a predetermined direction.
  • a light scanning observation apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a light scanning observation system 100 including the light scanning observation apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the light scanning observation system 100 according to the present embodiment two-dimensionally scans laser light on an object (observation object) and generates an image based on signal light from the object.
  • a scanning observation apparatus 1 and a polarization direction adjustment device 30 used to adjust the polarization direction of laser light emitted from the light scanning observation apparatus 1 are provided.
  • the light scanning observation apparatus 1 is an endoscope apparatus including a long scope 2 inserted into a body and a control device main body 3 connected to a proximal end of the scope 2.
  • a display 4 for displaying an image generated in the control device main body 3 is connected to the control device main body 3.
  • the light scanning observation apparatus 1 includes a light source unit 5 that outputs a plurality of laser beams having different colors, a coupler 6 that coaxially combines a plurality of laser beams output from the light source unit 5, and a laser beam.
  • Illumination adjustment unit 7R, 7G, 7B for adjusting the polarization direction of the light
  • an illumination fiber 8 for guiding the laser light whose polarization direction is adjusted by the polarization adjustment units 7R, 7G, 7B and emitting it toward the subject
  • a scanning unit 9 for scanning laser light emitted from the fiber 8
  • a light detection unit 10 for detecting signal light generated on the subject by the irradiation of the laser light, and a subject based on the intensity of the signal light and the irradiation position of the laser light
  • a control unit 12 for controlling the entire optical scanning observation apparatus 1.
  • the light source unit 5 is provided in the control device main body 3.
  • the light source unit 5 controls three laser light sources 13R, 13G and 13B for emitting red (R), green (G) and blue (B) laser beams, and a light emission control unit for controlling the laser light sources 13R, 13G and 13B. And fourteen.
  • the laser light sources 13R, 13G, and 13B are, for example, a DPSS laser (semiconductor-pumped solid-state laser) or a laser diode, and respectively emit laser light which is linearly polarized light.
  • the light emission control unit 14 causes the laser light sources 13R, 13G, and 13B to emit light in a pulse shape in accordance with the control signal from the control unit 12.
  • the polarization adjustment units 7R, 7G, 7B are disposed on the optical path between the laser light sources 13R, 13G, 13B and the coupler 6.
  • the polarization adjustment units 7R, 7G, and 7B change the polarization direction of the laser light according to the control signal from the control unit 12.
  • As the polarization adjusting units 7R, 7G, 7B for example, laser light for guiding the inside of the optical fiber 17 by applying stress from the outside to the optical fiber 17 connecting the laser light sources 13R, 13G, 13B and the coupler 6
  • a paddle type or in-line type polarization controller is used which changes the polarization direction of the light source.
  • polarization adjusting units 7R, 7G, and 7B Even if a space type polarization controller using one or more polarization elements such as a polarizer, a half-wave plate, or a quarter-wave plate is used as the polarization adjusting units 7R, 7G, and 7B. Good.
  • the illumination fiber 8 is a single mode optical fiber.
  • the illumination fiber 8 is disposed along the longitudinal direction in the scope 2, and the proximal end of the illumination fiber 8 is connected to the coupler 6.
  • the illumination fiber 8 guides the laser light supplied from the coupler 6 and emits it from the tip toward the object facing the tip surface of the scope 2.
  • the scanning unit 9 includes an actuator 15 provided in the illumination fiber 8, and an actuator driver 16 provided in the control device main body 3 and driving the actuator 15 in accordance with a drive signal from the control unit 12.
  • the actuator 15 is, for example, a piezoelectric actuator including a piezoelectric element, and is attached to the illumination fiber 8 at a position distant from the tip of the illumination fiber 8 to the proximal side.
  • the actuator 15 vibrates the tip of the illumination fiber 8 in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the illumination fiber 8 by applying an alternating voltage from the actuator driver 16. Thereby, the laser beam emitted from the tip of the illumination fiber 8 is scanned in the direction crossing the optical axis of the laser beam.
  • the actuator 15 may be an electromagnetic actuator including a cylindrical permanent magnet having magnetic poles at both ends and fixed to the side surface of the illumination fiber 8 and an electromagnet for applying a magnetic field to the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet.
  • the light detection unit 10 detects signal light via the light receiving fiber 18 disposed in the scope 2 along the longitudinal direction, and transmits information of the detected signal light intensity to the image generation unit 11.
  • a light detection unit 10 performs, for example, a photodetector that outputs an electric signal corresponding to the intensity of the signal light by photoelectrically converting the signal light, and an AD that digitally converts the electric signal output from the light detector. And a converter.
  • the light receiving fiber 18 is a multimode optical fiber.
  • the signal light returned from the subject to the tip of the scope 2 is received by the light receiving fiber 18 and guided to the light detection unit 10 by the light receiving fiber 18.
  • the light detection unit 10 may be configured to receive the signal light from the plurality of light receiving fibers 18 aligned in the circumferential direction of the scope 2.
  • the image generation unit 11 generates an image by associating the intensity value of the signal light received from the light detection unit 10 with the irradiation position (described later) of the laser light received from the control unit 12.
  • the generated image is transmitted from the image generation unit 11 to the display 4 and displayed on the display 4.
  • the image generation unit 11 may transmit the image to the display 4 after performing arbitrary image processing (for example, scan conversion, interpolation processing, enhancement processing, ⁇ processing, and the like) on the image.
  • the control unit 12 transmits a control signal to the light emission control unit 14 to control the light emission timing of the laser light sources 13R, 13G, and 13B via the light emission control unit 14.
  • the control unit 12 transmits a drive signal to the actuator driver 16 to control the vibration of the tip of the illumination fiber 8 by the actuator 15, that is, the scanning of the laser light via the actuator driver 16.
  • the control unit 12 calculates the irradiation position of the laser beam from the drive signal, and transmits information of the calculated irradiation position to the image generation unit 11.
  • the image generation unit 11 and the control unit 12 are, for example, a processor such as a CPU (central processing unit) and a storage device for storing a program for causing the processor to execute the processing of the image generation unit 11 and the control unit 12 described above. And may be realized by a computer comprising
  • the polarization direction adjusting device 30 is separate from the scope 2 and the control device body 3, and is connected to the control device body 3 by wire or wirelessly in use, and is disposed opposite to the tip of the scope 2.
  • the polarization direction adjusting device 30 includes a polarization plate 31 (polarization selection portion) on which the laser light emitted from the tip of the scope 2 is incident, and a light amount detection portion 32 for detecting the light amount of the laser light transmitted through the polarization plate 31. Have.
  • the polarizing plate 31 has a single polarization axis, and selectively transmits only the polarization component in the direction parallel to the polarization axis.
  • the light amount detection unit 32 includes a light detector and an AD converter. Information on the light amount detected by the light amount detection unit 32 is transmitted to the control unit 12 in the control device main body 3 by wire or wirelessly.
  • the polarization direction adjustment operation is performed, for example, before shipment of the light scanning observation apparatus 1 or before observation by the light scanning observation apparatus 1.
  • the polarization direction adjusting device 30 is disposed so that the polarizing plate 31 faces the tip of the scope 2, and then the polarization direction adjusting operation by the control unit 12 shown in FIG. 2 is started.
  • the control unit 12 causes only the R laser light source 13R to start emitting light (step S1).
  • the R laser light output from the laser light source 13R passes through the polarization adjusting unit 7R, the coupler 6, and the illumination fiber 8, is emitted from the tip of the scope 2 toward the polarizing plate 31, and passes through the polarizing plate 31.
  • the light amount is detected by the light amount detection unit 32.
  • the detected light amount of the R laser light detected by the light amount detection unit 32 is transmitted from the light amount detection unit 32 to the control unit 12.
  • the transmitted light amount of the laser beam transmitted through the polarizing plate 31 and the detected light amount by the light amount detection unit 32 change in accordance with the polarization direction of the laser light. That is, when the polarization direction of the laser light is parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 31, the transmitted light amount and the detected light amount become maximum, and when the polarization direction of the laser light is orthogonal to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 31, the transmitted light amount and detection The light amount is minimized. Therefore, the control unit 12 can detect the polarization direction of the R laser light with respect to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 31 based on the detected light amount from the light amount detection unit 32.
  • the control unit 12 causes the polarization adjustment unit 7R to change the polarization direction of the laser light until the detected light amount of the laser light detected by the light amount detection unit 32 becomes maximum.
  • the control unit 12 detects the polarization direction of the R laser light when the detected light amount becomes maximum, that is, when it becomes parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 31 (step S2).
  • the control unit 12 fixes the polarization adjusting unit 7R in the polarization direction at which the detected light amount is maximum (step S3), and turns off the R laser light source 13R (step S4).
  • the polarization direction of the R laser light is adjusted to be parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 31.
  • control unit 12 causes only the G laser light source 13G to start emitting light (step S5), and similarly to steps S2, S3 and S4, the polarization direction of the G laser light when the detected light quantity is maximum Is detected (step S6), the polarization adjusting unit 7G is fixed in the polarization direction when the detected light quantity is maximum (step S7), and the G laser light source 13G is turned off (step S8).
  • the polarization direction of the G laser light is adjusted to be parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 31.
  • control unit 12 causes only the laser light source 13B of B to start light emission (step S9), and in the same manner as steps S2, S3 and S4, the polarization direction of the laser light of B when the detected light quantity becomes maximum.
  • the polarization adjusting unit 7B is fixed in the polarization direction when the detected light quantity is maximum (step S11), and the laser light source 13B of B is turned off (step S12).
  • the polarization direction of the B laser light is adjusted to be parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 31.
  • the polarization directions of the R, G and B laser beams emitted from the tip of the scope 2 are adjusted to be identical to each other.
  • the polarization direction adjusting device 30 is removed from the scope 2 and the control device body 3. Thereafter, image acquisition by the light scanning observation apparatus 1 is started.
  • the control unit 12 starts the transmission of the drive signal to the actuator driver 16 so as to vibrate the tip of the illumination fiber 8, and controls the light emission so that the R, G and B laser light sources 13R, 13G and 13B sequentially emit light.
  • the transmission of the control signal to the unit 14 is started.
  • the R, G, and B laser beams are sequentially emitted while being scanned from the tip of the vibrating illumination fiber 8, and the R, G, and B laser beams are sequentially applied to the subject. Therefore, in the subject, R, G, and B signal lights are generated in order.
  • the R, G, and B signal lights are received by the light receiving fiber 18 at the tip end surface of the scope 2 and guided to the light detection unit 10. Then, in the light detection unit 10, the intensity value of the signal light which is the value of each pixel of the image is obtained. The intensity value is associated with the irradiation position of the laser light in the image generation unit 11, whereby a color image of the subject is generated. The generated image is displayed on the display 4.
  • signal light from the subject includes surface reflected light, surface scattered light, and fluorescence.
  • the surface reflected light is light specularly reflected on the surface of the object, and is linearly polarized light having a polarization direction according to the polarization direction of the laser light.
  • Surface scattered light is light scattered in the surface layer of an object, and is randomly polarized light including polarized light in various directions.
  • the fluorescence is light generated by a self-fluorescent substance or a fluorescent dye excited by laser light, and is randomly polarized light.
  • FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the polarization direction of linearly polarized light and the reflectance. As shown in FIG. 3, the reflectance when obliquely incident on the reflecting surface is different between p-polarized light and s-polarized light.
  • the intensities of the R, G, and B signal lights detected by the light detection unit 10 under the influence of the reflection on the reflection surface As a result, the tint of the generated image is different from the actual tint of the subject.
  • the polarization directions of the R, G, and B laser beams emitted to the subject from the tip of the scope 2 are the same. Therefore, even if the surface reflected light generated in the subject passes through the reflection on the reflecting surface, the surface reflected lights of R, G and B are reflected at the same reflectance each other, so the signal light of R, G and B is There is no change in the balance of strength between them. Therefore, the tint generated from the intensity values of the R, G, and B signal lights is the same as the tint of the subject. Thereby, for example, even in an environment where a reflector such as metal or glass is present around the scope 2 or in the subject, the R, G, B lasers can be accurately reproduced in the image.
  • an image can be generated in which the influence of the polarization direction of the light on the tint of the image is controlled.
  • the polarization direction of the laser light is controlled to the polarization direction at which the detected light amount detected by the light amount detection unit 32 is maximum.
  • control may be performed in the polarization direction when the amount of light detected by the light amount detection unit 32 is minimized.
  • the polarization directions of the R, G, and B laser beams are adjusted in the direction orthogonal to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 31.
  • control unit 12 automatically adjusts the polarization directions of the R, G, and B laser beams by controlling the polarization adjustment units 7R, 7G, and 7B, but instead, the user can
  • the polarization direction may be manually adjusted by performing steps S1 to S12 while manually operating the polarization adjusting units 7R, 7G, and 7B.
  • the polarization directions of all the R, G and B laser beams are made to coincide with each other, but instead, the polarization directions of the R, G and B laser beams are made to differ from each other It may be adjusted to By doing this, the intensities of the R, G, and B signal lights detected by the light detection unit 10 differ from each other according to the incident angle of the laser light on the surface of the subject. Therefore, in observation of a subject having a concavo-convex structure, it is possible to acquire an image in which the structure of the subject is emphasized by the difference in color. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the difference in reflectance between p-polarized light and s-polarized light is large when the incident angle is in the range of 45 ° to 90 °. Therefore, by adjusting the inclination angle of the scope 2 with respect to the subject, the structure within the range of 45 ° to 90 ° can be confirmed in the image.
  • the three polarization adjusting units 7R, 7G, and 7B are provided corresponding to all the laser light sources 13R, 13G, and 13B, but instead, any one polarization adjusting unit 7R, 7G or 7B may be omitted. By doing this, the number of parts can be reduced. In this case, the polarization directions of the other two laser beams are adjusted such that the polarization directions of the other two laser beams coincide with the polarization direction of the laser beam without the corresponding polarization adjusting unit.
  • the polarization axes of G and B are adjusted and fixed, and then the polarization adjustment units 7G and 7B adjust the polarization directions of the G and B laser beams in the polarization direction in which the amount of light detected by the light amount detection unit 32 is maximum.
  • the laser light sources 13R, 13G, and 13B respectively output continuous laser beams of R, G, and B
  • the coupler 6 combines the laser beams of R, G, and B to generate white laser beams. It may be configured to supply the illumination fiber 8.
  • a color separation element (not shown) for separating the signal light received by the light receiving fiber 18 into R, G and B wavelength components, and R, G and B wavelength components separated by the color separation element And three light detection units 10 that respectively detect.
  • the light scanning observation apparatus 101 is an endoscope apparatus provided with a scope 2 and a control device main body 3 as shown in FIG.
  • the light scanning observation apparatus 101 includes a laser whose light is depolarized by the light source unit 5, the coupler 6, depolarization units 20R, 20G, and 20B for depolarization of laser light, and depolarization units 20R, 20G, and 20B.
  • An illumination fiber 8 for guiding light to emit light toward a subject A, a scanning unit 9, a light detection unit 10, an image generation unit 11, and a control unit 12 are provided.
  • the depolarization units 20R, 20G, and 20B are disposed on the optical path between the laser light sources 13R, 13G, and 13B and the coupler 6.
  • the depolarization units 20R, 20G, and 20B convert the laser beams incident from the corresponding laser light sources 13R, 13G, and 13B into randomly polarized light and output the light.
  • the depolarizers 20R, 20G, and 20B for example, depolarizers made of quartz and which disturb the polarization state of the laser beam are used.
  • the laser light depolarized by the depolarization units 20R, 20G, and 20B passes through the coupler 6 and the illumination fiber 8, and is emitted from the tip of the scope 2 toward the subject A.
  • the R, G, and B laser beams emitted from the tip of the scope 2 are randomly polarized light. Therefore, the reduction rates of the light quantity of the surface reflected light of R, G and B when reflected by the reflecting surface are equal to each other, and there is no change in the balance of the intensities among the R, G and B signal lights. . Therefore, the tint generated from the detection values of the R, G, and B signal lights is the same as the actual tint of the subject A. Thus, for example, even in an environment where a reflector such as metal or glass is present around the scope 2 or in the subject A, the colors of R, G, and B can be accurately reproduced in the image. There is an advantage that an image can be generated in which the influence of the polarization direction of the laser light on the tint of the image is controlled.
  • the depolarization units 20R, 20G, and 20B are provided one by one in the optical path between the laser light sources 13R, 13G, and 13B and the coupler 6, but instead of this, A single depolarization unit may be provided on the optical path of the laser light from the coupler 6 to the tip of the scope 2. By doing this, the polarization of the R, G and B laser beams output from the coupler 6 can be canceled by the common depolarization unit.
  • the light scanning observation apparatus 102 is an endoscope apparatus provided with a scope 2 and a control device main body 3 as shown in FIG.
  • the light scanning observation device 102 is added to the light source unit 5, the coupler 6, the polarization adjusting units 7 R, 7 G, 7 B, the illumination fiber 8, the scanning unit 9, the light detecting unit 10, the image generating unit 11, and the control unit 12. , And a rotary polarizing plate (polarization switching unit) 21.
  • the polarization directions of the R, G, and B laser beams entering the coupler 6 are mutually polarized so as to be the same by the polarization direction adjustment operation using the polarization direction adjusting device 30 described in the first embodiment. It is adjusted by the adjustment parts 7R, 7G, 7B.
  • the polarization direction of the R, G, B laser beams adjusted by the polarization adjusting units 7R, 7G, 7B is defined as 45 °.
  • the rotary polarizing plate 21 is connected to the coupler 6 via the optical fiber 19 and the laser light output from the coupler 6 is incident along the incident optical axis.
  • the rotary polarizing plate 21 is provided rotatably around the incident light axis, and the rotation angle is controlled by the control unit 12. Similar to the polarizing plate 31, the rotating polarizing plate 21 has a single polarization axis, and selectively transmits only the polarization component in the direction parallel to the polarization axis. Therefore, when the rotation angle of the rotary polarizing plate 21 about the incident optical axis changes, the polarization direction of the laser light transmitted through the rotary polarizing plate 21 changes.
  • the control unit 12 switches the rotation angle of the rotation polarization plate 21 between 0 ° and 90 ° to make the polarization direction of the laser light emitted from the rotation polarization plate 21 0 ° (first direction) and 90 °. Switch between ° (second direction).
  • the arrangement of the rotary polarizing plate 21 shown in FIG. 5 is an example, and the rotary polarizing plate 21 can be arranged at any position on the optical path of the laser light between the coupler 6 and the tip of the scope 2.
  • the control unit 12 sets the rotational polarization plate 21 to 0 °, and operates the light source unit 5, the scanning unit 9, and the light detection unit 10 to obtain an image (first image) when the polarization direction is 0 °.
  • the image generation unit 11 generates the image.
  • the generated image is recorded in a memory (not shown).
  • the control unit 12 sets the rotational polarization plate 21 to 90 °, and operates the light source unit 5, the scanning unit 9, and the light detection unit 10 to obtain an image with a polarization direction of 90 ° (second
  • the image generation unit 11 generates an image).
  • the generated image is recorded in the memory.
  • the image generation unit 11 reads an image when the polarization direction is 0 ° and an image when the polarization direction is 90 ° from the memory, and combines these two images to generate a composite image. For example, the image generation unit 11 calculates the average value of the values of two pixels at the same position, generates a composite image with the calculated average value as the value of the pixel at that position, and transmits the composite image to the display 4 Do. Even if the image generation unit 11 transmits or displays the image when the polarization direction is 0 ° and the image when the polarization direction is 90 ° to the display 4 instead of or in addition to the composite image. Good.
  • the reflectance of the linearly polarized light at the reflective surface changes depending on the incident angle to the reflective surface.
  • the R, G, and B laser beams having the same polarization direction it is possible to prevent the change in the color of the signal light due to the reflection on the reflection surface, but the difference in the incident angle on the reflection surface It is not possible to prevent the brightness variation in the image caused by
  • the color tone of the subject is accurately reproduced by averaging the two images acquired using the laser beams whose polarization directions are orthogonal to each other, and the variation of the brightness is There is an advantage that a reduced composite image can be obtained.
  • the image generation unit 11 selects the larger one of the values of two pixels at the same position instead of averaging two images of 0 ° and 90 °.
  • a composite image may be generated. Also in this case, it is possible to generate a composite image in which the variation in brightness depending on the polarization direction of the laser light is reduced.
  • the rotary polarizing plate 21 is used as a means for switching the polarization direction of the laser light.
  • a half-wave plate polarization switching unit
  • the direction of the laser beam can be rotated by 90 ° by inserting and removing a half wavelength on the optical path of the R, G, and B laser beams.
  • the rotation of the polarization direction of the laser beam by the rotary polarizer 21 involves the attenuation of the laser beam, but the half-wave plate can rotate the polarization direction without attenuating the laser beam.
  • switching of the polarization direction of the laser light by the rotary polarizing plate 21 is performed in units of one frame, but instead of this, switching may be performed in scan units of scanning trajectories, pixel units, or pulses. Good.
  • the optical fiber used on the output side of the scope 2 from the laser light sources 13R, 13G, and 13B may be a polarization maintaining fiber whose polarization direction is maintained.
  • the use of a polarization maintaining fiber has the advantage that the polarization state does not change regardless of the routing of the optical fiber.
  • a polarization filter may be disposed at the tip of the scope 2 and the polarization state of the laser light of each color may be aligned with the direction of the polarization filter. By disposing the polarizing filter at the tip of the scope 2, it is possible to align the polarization direction of the laser light emitted from the tip of the scope 2 with the polarization direction of the signal light received at the tip of the scope 2.
  • even if the polarization states of the R, G, and B laser beams are somewhat different depending on the routing of the optical fiber, there is an advantage that the polarization direction can be surely aligned at the output end of the scope 2.
  • the polarization adjusting units 7R, 7G, and 7B are provided.
  • the polarization direction of the laser light is controlled by adjusting the positions of the laser light sources 13R, 13G, and 13B.
  • Such positional adjustment of the laser light sources 13R, 13G, 13B is performed, for example, at the time of assembly of the apparatus.
  • light scanning type observation system 1 101, 102 light scanning type observation device 2 scope 3 control device main body 4 display 5 light source portion 6 coupler 7R, 7G, 7B polarization adjusting portion 8 illumination fiber 9 scanning portion 10 light detecting portion 11 image Generation unit 12 control unit 13R, 13G, 13B laser light source 14 light emission control unit 15 actuator 16 actuator driver 17 optical fiber 18 light reception fiber 20R, 20G, 20B depolarization unit 21 rotational polarization plate (polarization switching unit) 30 Polarization Direction Adjustment Device 31 Polarizing Plate (Polarization Selection Unit) 32 Light quantity detector

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Abstract

Selon la présente invention, un dispositif d'observation à balayage optique (1) comprend : une unité de source de lumière (5) servant à émettre une lumière laser ; une unité de réglage de polarisation (7R, 7G, 7B) servant à régler la direction de polarisation de la lumière laser émise à partir de l'unité de source de lumière (5) ; une unité de balayage (9) servant à balayer la lumière laser dont la direction de polarisation est réglée par l'unité de réglage de polarisation (7R, 7G, 7B) et qui est émise vers un objet d'observation ; et un détecteur optique (10) servant à détecter une lumière de signal émanant de l'objet d'observation lors du rayonnement par la lumière laser.
PCT/JP2017/027009 2017-07-26 2017-07-26 Dispositif d'observation à balayage optique, système d'observation à balayage optique et procédé de réglage de direction de polarisation d'un dispositif d'observation à balayage optique WO2019021382A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2017/027009 WO2019021382A1 (fr) 2017-07-26 2017-07-26 Dispositif d'observation à balayage optique, système d'observation à balayage optique et procédé de réglage de direction de polarisation d'un dispositif d'observation à balayage optique
PCT/JP2018/027833 WO2019022114A1 (fr) 2017-07-26 2018-07-25 Dispositif d'observation à balayage optique, système d'observation à balayage optique et procédé d'ajustement de direction de polarisation pour dispositif d'observation à balayage optique

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PCT/JP2018/027833 WO2019022114A1 (fr) 2017-07-26 2018-07-25 Dispositif d'observation à balayage optique, système d'observation à balayage optique et procédé d'ajustement de direction de polarisation pour dispositif d'observation à balayage optique

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JP2007108448A (ja) * 2005-10-13 2007-04-26 Olympus Corp 顕微鏡および顕微鏡観測方法
JP2007263897A (ja) * 2006-03-29 2007-10-11 Nikon Corp 偏光計測装置の校正方法及び装置、偏光計測装置及び該装置を備えた露光装置、並びに位相遅れ量の計測方法及び波長板
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