WO2019019663A1 - 一种长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置及其养殖方法 - Google Patents

一种长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置及其养殖方法 Download PDF

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WO2019019663A1
WO2019019663A1 PCT/CN2018/079334 CN2018079334W WO2019019663A1 WO 2019019663 A1 WO2019019663 A1 WO 2019019663A1 CN 2018079334 W CN2018079334 W CN 2018079334W WO 2019019663 A1 WO2019019663 A1 WO 2019019663A1
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culture
layer
box
water
vertical multi
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PCT/CN2018/079334
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈秀荔
赵永贞
陈晓汉
刘青云
李旻
李强勇
杨春玲
彭敏
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广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院
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Publication of WO2019019663A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019019663A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G33/00Cultivation of seaweed or algae
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and relates to a vertical multi-layer culture device and a culture method for the long-stem grape fern.
  • the genus Brachypodium is a nutrient-rich edible green algae belonging to the genus Chlorophyceae, with Okinawa as the northern line. It grows naturally in the Pacific Islands, the Gigbod Islands and other fields. Because the long stem grape fern has a crystal shape full of grapes, it is called sea grape. Because it is rich in seaweed polysaccharide, collagen and dietary fiber, it has a balanced and complete amino acid composition, low fat content and mostly unsaturated fatty acids. Rich in minerals and vitamins, the taste of food is as rich and juicy as caviar, and it is also known as "green caviar".
  • [0004] Shrimp and fish farming are the pillar industries of marine aquaculture in China.
  • excessive nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment in aquaculture water especially the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen and nitrous oxide, often cause shrimp and fish poisoning to die, which is the main cause of aquaculture failure.
  • the discharge of aquaculture wastewater is also the seawater eutrophication.
  • the long-stem grape fern has strong nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacity, and the long-stem grape fern is suitable for land-based culture.
  • the long-stem grape fern absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus enriched in fish and shrimp culture wastewater.
  • the collection of nitrogen and phosphorus provides sufficient nutrients for the growth of the long-stem grape fern, avoiding the use of artificial nutrients and reducing the length.
  • the long-stem grape fern has purified the water quality of fish and shrimp culture water, improved the utilization of sea water resources, and promoted the increase and increase of fish and shrimp culture.
  • the long-stem grape fern has been used to purify the water quality of fish and shrimp culture, and to achieve ecological complementation of algae, shrimp and fish culture, which has extremely high economic and ecological value. At present, there are no reports and examples of purifying the water quality of fish and shrimp culture by long-stem grape fern, and carrying out ecological breeding of algae, shrimp and fish. technical problem
  • the invention improves a vertical multi-layer breeding device and a breeding method of the long-stem grape fern
  • the light source used is an adjustable artificial light source, does not depend on a natural light source, has high utilization rate of land resources, and can be set
  • the full manual control of temperature, light and water quality has little effect on the seasonality and climate caused by changes in salinity, temperature and light, and the long-stem grape bran is uninterrupted throughout the year. Breeding, ensuring the balanced listing of long-stem grape fern.
  • a vertical multi-layer culture device for long-stem grape fern comprising a bracket, a culture box, a plurality of sets of light sources and a bracket; the bracket is divided into layers by a layer; the breeding box For the upper open box shape, a culture box is arranged in each layer of the space; each set of light sources is installed above each of the culture boxes to provide illumination to the culture box; the culture box has a double screen; The bracket is mounted below the bracket.
  • the culture box described above comprises a box body, a plurality of water retaining plates and an overflow type liquid discharging pipe; the length of the water blocking plate is smaller than the width of the box body, and a gap is formed with the side wall of the box body to form
  • the water blocking plate is arranged in parallel in a parallel manner in the box body, and the box body is partitioned into a multi-stage water passage; an overflow type down pipe is arranged in the last stage water passage; the overflow The lower liquid pipe extends above the culture box located on the lower layer.
  • the light source described above includes a fixed plate and an artificial light source; the fixed plate is a transparent curved plate; and the artificial light source is arranged and mounted on the fixed plate.
  • the universal wheel is disposed below the bracket; the universal wheel is symmetrically mounted on the lower surface of the bracket.
  • the bracket is driven by a conventional driving method of a rocker or a motor, so that the vertical multi-layer breeding device can be For overall movement.
  • the above-mentioned universal wheel is also provided with a brake plate.
  • a method for cultivating a vertical multi-layer culture device using the above-mentioned long-stem grape fern mainly comprising the following steps:
  • the illumination intensity during the breeding process is controlled to 3000-8000 lx; the illumination period is uninterrupted illumination for 12 hours after uninterrupted illumination for 12 hours; the culture water temperature is controlled between 18-32 °C.
  • the fish culture wastewater according to the above step (2) is treated by sedimentation and filtration to remove insoluble particulate matter.
  • the culture water temperature described in the above step (5) is 24-28 ° C.
  • the invention is a vertical multi-level culture, the light source used is an adjustable artificial light source, does not rely on natural light source, has high utilization rate of land resources; and can be set in a fully enclosed breeding workshop, and realizes The full manual control of temperature, light and water quality has little effect on seasonality and climate caused by changes in salinity, temperature and light, and the long-stem grape fern has been continuously cultured throughout the year to ensure the long-stem grape Balanced listing, with good economic benefits.
  • the natural growth environment of the long-stem grape bran algae of the present invention is arranged in parallel in the breeding box, and the baffles are left in the water gap to form a water passage, which is convenient for simulating the long-flowing grape fern algae culture current.
  • the invention provides nutrient for the growth of the fern of the long-stem grape, such as fish, shrimp and the like, and can absorb the nutrient nitrogen and phosphorus in the aquaculture wastewater through the fern of the fern, and purify the water for fish culture. Realize fish
  • the recycling and utilization of shrimp marine aquaculture wastewater can save the allocation and addition of artificial nutrient salt in the culture of long-stem grape fern, save energy and increase efficiency, realize ecological co-culture of fish and shrimp, save water, save energy and increase efficiency. , with high ecological value and economic value.
  • the invention utilizes shell powder, coral stone, volcanic stone or other trace element slow-release filler to be laid in the breeding box, and can filter the culture water quality, and can also be slowly filled by shell powder, coral stone, volcanic stone and the like. Mineral elements released into the water provide mineral application to the growth of the long-stem fern, reducing production costs
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a culture box of the present invention.
  • a vertical multi-layer culture device of Brassica chinensis comprising a stent 1, a culture box 3, a plurality of sets of light sources 2 and a bracket 6; the bracket 1 has a plurality of layers of space through the laminate 4 .
  • the culture box 3 is an open box shape, and a culture box 3 is arranged in each layer of the space.
  • Each set of light sources 2 is placed above each of the culture boxes 3 to provide illumination to the culture box 3.
  • the bracket 6 is mounted below the bracket 1.
  • the culture box 3 includes a box body, a plurality of water retaining plates 10 and an overflow liquid draining pipe 5; the water retaining plate 10 The length of the box is smaller than the width of the box body, and there is a gap with the side wall of the box body to form a water nozzle; the water blocking plate 10 is staggered and arranged in parallel in the box body, and the box body is separated into a multi-stage water passage; An overflow type downcomer 5 is provided in the first stage water passage; the overflow type down tube 5 extends above the culture box 3 located on the lower layer. A double screen 11 is also provided in the culture box 3.
  • the method for cultivating the vertical multi-layer culture device of the Phyllostachys pubescens comprises the following steps: [0035] (1) laying shell powder in the first-stage water passage of each layer of the culture box, Coral stone, volcanic stone or other trace element slow release filler;
  • the fish culture wastewater is continuously injected into the water inlet of the culture box at the highest level, and the salinity of the fish culture wastewater is 28%. -30%.
  • the fish and shrimp culture wastewater is treated by sedimentation and filtration to remove insoluble particulate matter;
  • the culture method using the vertical multi-layer culture device of the genus Brachypodium as described in Example 1 mainly comprises the following steps:
  • the fish and shrimp culture wastewater is continuously injected into the water inlet of the highest level culture box, and the salinity of the fish culture wastewater is 30%. -32%.
  • the fish and shrimp culture wastewater is treated by sedimentation and filtration to remove insoluble particulate matter;
  • a vertical multi-layer culture device for Brassica juncea characterized by: comprising a stent 1, a culture box 3, a plurality of sets of light sources 2 and a bracket 6; the bracket 1 is separated by a laminate 4 Multiple layers of space.
  • the culture box 3 is an open box shape, and a culture box 3 is arranged in each floor space.
  • Each set of light sources 2 is placed above each of the culture boxes 3 to provide illumination to the culture box 3.
  • the light source 2 includes a fixing plate and an LED lamp; the fixing plate is a transparent curved plate; and the LED lamps are arranged and mounted on the fixing plate.
  • the bracket 6 is mounted below the bracket 1.
  • a universal wheel 7 is disposed below the bracket 6; the universal wheel 7 is symmetrically mounted on the lower surface of the bracket 6.
  • the brake wheel 8 is also provided on the universal wheel 7.
  • the culture box 3 includes a box body, a plurality of water blocking plates 10 and an overflow type liquid discharging tube 5; the length of the water blocking plate 10 is smaller than the width of the box body, and exists with the side wall of the box body. a gap, forming a water nozzle; the water blocking plate 10 is staggered and arranged in parallel in the box body, and the box body is partitioned into a multi-stage water passage; in the last stage water passage, an overflow type liquid pipe 5 is provided.
  • the overflow downcomer 5 extends above the culture box 3 located on the lower layer.
  • the culture box 3 is provided with a double-layer screen 11, and the double-layer screen 11 is laid in the water passage.
  • the culture method of the vertical multi-layer culture device using the Brassica chinensis comprises the following steps: (1) laying shell powder in the first-stage water passage of each layer of the culture box, Coral stone, volcanic stone or other trace element slow release filler;
  • the fish culture wastewater is continuously injected into the water inlet of the culture box at the highest level, and the salinity of the fish culture wastewater is 30%. -32%.
  • the fish and shrimp culture wastewater is treated by sedimentation and filtration to remove insoluble particulate matter;
  • the culture method of the vertical multi-layer culture device using the Phyllostachys pubescens as described in Example 1 mainly comprises the following steps:
  • the fish and shrimp culture wastewater is continuously injected into the water inlet of the highest level culture box, and the salinity of the fish and shrimp culture wastewater is 28%. -30%.
  • the fish and shrimp culture wastewater is treated by sedimentation and filtration to remove insoluble particulate matter;
  • the illumination intensity during the breeding process is controlled to 3000-5000 lx; the illumination period is uninterrupted illumination for 12 hours after uninterrupted illumination for 12 hours; the culture water temperature is controlled between 22-25 °C.
  • a vertical multi-layer culture device for Brassica juncea characterized by: comprising a stent 1, a culture box 3, a plurality of sets of light sources 2 and a bracket 6; the bracket 1 is separated by a laminate 4 Multiple layers of space.
  • the culture box 3 is in the form of an open box above, and a culture box 3 is arranged in each layer of the space.
  • Each set of light sources 2 is placed above each of the culture boxes 3 to provide illumination to the culture box 3.
  • the light source 2 includes a fixing plate and an incandescent lamp; the fixing plate is a transparent curved plate; and the incandescent lamp is arranged and mounted on the fixing plate.
  • the bracket 6 is mounted below the bracket 1.
  • a universal wheel 7 is disposed below the bracket 6; the universal wheel 7 is symmetrically mounted on the lower surface of the bracket 6.
  • a brake plate 8 is also provided on the universal wheel 7.
  • a pair of universal wheels located at the rear end of the carrier 6 are drive wheels, and the other pair is a driven wheel.
  • the bracket 6 is further provided with a gear set 9; the gear set 6 is connected to the drive wheel by a conventional transmission mechanism, and can drive the drive wheel to move; the gear set 9 can be driven by a rocker, It can be driven by a motor.
  • the carriage is driven by a conventional driving of a hand lever or a motor, thereby The vertical multi-layer culture device can be moved as a whole.
  • the culture box 3 includes a box body, a plurality of water blocking plates 10 and an overflow type liquid discharging tube 5; the length of the water blocking plate 10 is smaller than the width of the box body, and a gap is formed with the side wall of the box body to form
  • the water blocking plate 10 is arranged in parallel in a staggered manner in the box body, and the box body is partitioned into a multi-stage water passage; in the last stage water passage, an overflow type liquid pipe 5 is provided;
  • the overflow downcomer 5 extends above the culture box 3 located on the lower layer.
  • the culture box 3 is provided with a double-layer screen 11, and the double-layer screen 11 is laid in the water passage.

Abstract

一种长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置,包括支架(1)、养殖盒(3)、多组光源(2)和托架(6);所述的支架(1)通过层板(4)分有多层放置空间;养殖盒(3)为上方敞口盒状,每层放置空间内设置一个养殖盒(3);每组光源(2)安设在每层养殖盒(3)的上方,向养殖盒(3)提供光照;所述养殖盒(3)内设有双层筛网(11);所述托架(6)安装于支架(1)的下方。一种利用上述的长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置的养殖方法,利用可调式光源,不依赖自然光源,可设置在全封闭式养殖车间内,实现温度、光照和水质的全人工控制,能够实现长茎葡萄蕨藻全年不间断养殖,保证长茎葡萄蕨藻的均衡上市。

Description

说明书 发明名称:一种长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置及其养殖方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于水产养殖技术领域, 涉及一种长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置及 养殖方法。
背景技术
[0002] 长茎葡萄蕨藻是隶属绿藻门蕨藻科的一种营养丰富的食用绿藻, 以冲绳为北线 自然生长于太平洋的帛琉群岛、 吉格波特群岛等领域。 由于长茎葡萄蕨藻形状 晶莹饱满似葡萄, 故被称为海葡萄, 因其富含海藻多糖、 胶原蛋白和膳食纤维 , 氨基酸组成均衡且种类齐全, 脂肪含量较低且多为不饱和脂肪酸, 矿物质和 维生素含量丰富, 食用口感如鱼子般丰富多汁, 又有"绿色鱼子酱"之称。
[0003] 由于长茎葡萄蕨藻丰富的营养和优良的适口性, 市场对这种藻类需求快速增加 , 价格高, 但因大量滥采, 海湾环境变差等因素, 年采收量急剧减少。 为了增 加资源, 1978~1986年期间, 冲绳人在那霸湾幵展人工养殖实验并获得成功。 近 年来, 在我国也有零星幵展长茎葡萄蕨藻人工养殖成功的报道, 但均为依靠自 然光源的陆基池塘养殖模式, 受季节和气候原因引起的盐度、 温度和光照变化 等因素的影响大, 不能实现全年养殖, 且养殖池均为陆基单层级养殖池, 尚无 立体多层级养殖的报道, 对土地资源的利用率差; 另一方面现有养殖模式均为 静止水、 定期添加人工营养盐的养殖模式, 养殖成本高, 无法模拟长茎葡萄蕨 藻自然生长环境条件下洋流流动以及稳定的营养供应, 长茎葡萄蕨藻生长慢, 养殖效益不高, 养殖规模都远远达不到产业化水平。
[0004] 虾、 鱼养殖是我国海水养殖的支柱产业。 在陆基海水养殖中, 养殖水体中过量 的氮、 磷富集, 尤其是氨氮和亚硝氮累积常引起虾、 鱼中毒死亡, 是导致养殖 失败的主因, 养殖废水的排放也是海域海水富营养化的主要污染源之一。 长茎 葡萄蕨藻具有较强的氮、 磷吸收能力, 且长茎葡萄蕨藻适合陆基养殖, 通过长 茎葡萄蕨藻吸收鱼虾养殖废水中富集的氮、 磷, 一方面废水中富集的氮、 磷为 长茎葡萄蕨藻的生长提供了充足的营养, 避免了人工营养盐的使用, 降低了长 茎葡萄蕨藻的养殖成本, 另一方面, 长茎葡萄蕨藻净化了鱼虾养殖水体水质, 提高了海水资源的利用率, 促进鱼虾养殖的增产增效。 利用长茎葡萄蕨藻净化 了鱼虾养殖水体水质, 实现藻、 虾、 鱼养殖生态互补, 具有极高的经济和生态 价值。 目前, 生产中尚无通过长茎葡萄蕨藻净化鱼虾养殖水体水质, 进行藻、 虾、 鱼生态互补养殖的报道和实例。 技术问题
[0005] 本发明提高了一种长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置及养殖方法, 利用的光源 为可调式人工光源, 不依赖自然光源, 对土地资源的利用率高, 并且可设置在 自全封闭式养殖车间内, 实现温度、 光照和水质的全人工控制, 对因季节和气 候引起的盐度、 温度和光照变化等因素的影响小, 实现长茎葡萄蕨藻全年不间 断养殖, 保证长茎葡萄蕨藻的均衡上市。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0006] 本发明的技术方案如下:
[0007] 一种长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置, 包括支架、 养殖盒、 多组光源和托架 ; 所述的支架通过层板分有多层放置空间; 所述的养殖盒为上方敞口盒状, 每 层放置空间内设置一个养殖盒; 每组光源安设在每层养殖盒的上方, 向养殖盒 提供光照; 所述的养殖盒内设有双层筛网; 所述的托架安装于支架的下方。
[0008] 以上所述的养殖盒包括盒体、 若干块挡水板和溢流式下液管; 所述的挡水板的 长度小于盒体的宽度, 与盒体的侧壁存在缺口, 形成过水口; 所述的挡水板平 行间隔交错安装在盒体内, 将盒体隔为多级过水通道; 在最后一级过水通道内 设有溢流式下液管; 所述的溢流式下液管伸至位于下层的养殖盒的上方。
[0009] 以上所述的双层筛网铺设于过水通道内。
[0010] 以上所述的光源包括固定板和人工光源; 所述的固定板为透明的弧形板; 所述 的人工光源排列安装于固定板上。
[0011] 以上所述的托架下方设有万向轮; 所述的万向轮对称安装在托架的下表面。 通 过手摇杆或者马达的常规驱动方式驱动托架, 从而可对该立式多层养殖装置可 以进行整体移动。
[0012] 以上所述的万向轮上还设有刹车板。
[0013] 一种利用上述的长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置的养殖方法, 主要包括以下 步骤:
[0014] ( 1) 在每层养殖盒的第一级过水通道内铺放贝壳粉、 珊瑚石、 火山石或其他 微量元素缓释性填料;
[0015] (2) 在最高层的养殖盒的入水口处不断注入鱼虾养殖废水, 鱼虾养殖废水的 盐度在 28%。-32%。之间;
[0016] (3) 在双层筛网的下层筛网上均匀平铺单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种, 再将上层筛 网扣在下层筛网上, 固定单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种;
[0017] (4) 将固定单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种的双层筛网铺设于过水通道中, 在养殖过 程中, 调整双层筛网的高度, 长茎葡萄蕨藻顶端与水面距离保持在 2-20cm之间
[0018] (5) 养殖过程中的光照强度控制为 3000-8000 lx; 光照周期为不间断光照 12h 后不间断黑暗 12h; 养殖水温控制在 18-32°C之间。
[0019] 以上步骤 (2) 所述的鱼虾养殖废水是经沉淀、 过滤去除掉不溶性颗粒物处理 过的。
[0020] 以上步骤 (5) 所述的养殖水温为 24-28°C。
[0021] 本发明具有的优点及有益效果如下:
[0022] 1、 本发明为立式多层级养殖, 所利用的光源为可调式人工光源, 不依赖自然 光源, 对土地资源的利用率高; 并且可设置在全封闭养殖车间内, 实现了对温 度、 光照和水质的全人工控制, 对因季节和气候引起的盐度、 温度和光照变化 等因素的影响小, 实现了长茎葡萄蕨藻全年不间断地养殖, 保证长茎葡萄蕨藻 的均衡上市, 具有较好的经济效益。
[0023] 2、 本发明长茎葡萄蕨藻自然生长环境, 在养殖盒内设置平行间隔交错安装、 并留有过水口的挡板, 形成了过水通道, 便于模拟长茎葡萄蕨藻养殖洋流流动 条件, 促进其生长; 每级过水通道内设有的双层筛网作为长茎葡萄蕨藻附着装 置, 可根据光照强弱及长茎葡萄蕨藻的生长情况, 灵活的调整筛网位置, 便于 快速、 便捷地固定长茎葡萄蕨藻苗种, 提高了生产率以及产品质量。
[0024] 3、 本发明以鱼、 虾等海水养殖的废水为长茎葡萄蕨藻生长提供营养, 即可通 过长茎葡萄蕨藻吸收养殖废水中富营养的氮磷等, 净化鱼虾养殖用水, 实现鱼
、 虾海水养殖废水的再循环利用, 又可省去长茎葡萄蕨藻养殖中人工营养盐配 置和添加的环节, 节耗增效, 实现鱼虾藻生态共养, 节水、 节能、 增效, 具有 较高的生态价值和经济价值。
[0025] 4、 本发明利用贝壳粉、 珊瑚石、 火山石或其他微量元素缓释性填料铺设于养 殖盒内, 即可过滤养殖水质, 又可通过贝壳粉、 珊瑚石、 火山石等填料缓慢释 放到水体中的矿物元素对长茎葡萄蕨藻生长提供矿物应用补充, 降低生产成本
, 提高产品质量。
发明的有益效果
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0026] 图 1为本发明的结构示意图。
[0027] 图 2为本发明的养殖盒的结构示意图。
[0028] 附图标识:
[0029] 1-支架, 2-光源, 3-养殖盒, 4-层板, 5-溢流式下液管, 6-托架, 7-万向轮, 8- 刹车板, 9-齿轮组, 10-挡水板, 11-双层筛网。
本发明的实施方式
[0030] 下面结合附图以及具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
[0031] 实施例 1 :
[0032] 一种长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置, 包括支架 1、 养殖盒 3、 多组光源 2和 托架 6; 所述的支架 1通过层板 4分有多层放置空间。 所述的养殖盒 3为上方敞口 盒状, 每层放置空间内设置一个养殖盒 3。 每组光源 2安设在每层养殖盒 3的上方 , 向养殖盒 3提供光照。 所述的托架 6安装于支架 1的下方。
[0033] 所述的养殖盒 3包括盒体、 若干块挡水板 10和溢流式下液管 5; 所述的挡水板 10 的长度小于盒体的宽度, 与盒体的侧壁存在缺口, 形成过水口; 所述的挡水板 1 0平行间隔交错安装在盒体内, 将盒体隔为多级过水通道; 在最后一级过水通道 内设有溢流式下液管 5 ; 所述的溢流式下液管 5伸至位于下层的养殖盒 3的上方。 所述的养殖盒 3内还设有双层筛网 11。
[0034] 利用该长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置的养殖方法, 主要包括以下步骤: [0035] ( 1) 在每层养殖盒的第一级过水通道内铺放贝壳粉、 珊瑚石、 火山石或其他 微量元素缓释性填料;
[0036] (2) 在最高层的养殖盒的入水口处不断注入鱼虾养殖废水, 鱼虾养殖废水的 盐度在 28%。-30%。之间; 所述的鱼虾养殖废水是经沉淀、 过滤去除掉不溶性颗粒 物处理过的;
[0037] (3) 在双层筛网的下层筛网上均匀平铺单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种, 再将上层筛 网扣在下层筛网上, 固定单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种;
[0038] (4) 将固定单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种的双层筛网铺设于过水通道中, 在养殖过 程中, 调整双层筛网的高度, 长茎葡萄蕨藻顶端与水面距离保持在 l-6cm之间; [0039] (5) 养殖过程中的光照强度控制为 3000-4000 lx; 光照周期为不间断光照 12h 后不间断黑暗 12h; 养殖水温控制在 18-22°C之间。
[0040] 实施例 2:
[0041] 利用如实施例 1所述的长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置的养殖方法, 主要包 括以下步骤:
[0042] ( 1) 在每层养殖盒的第一级过水通道内铺放贝壳粉、 珊瑚石、 火山石或其他 微量元素缓释性填料;
[0043] (2) 在最高层的养殖盒的入水口处不断注入鱼虾养殖废水, 鱼虾养殖废水的 盐度在 30%。-32%。之间; 所述的鱼虾养殖废水是经沉淀、 过滤去除掉不溶性颗粒 物处理过的;
[0044] (3) 在双层筛网的下层筛网上均匀平铺单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种, 再将上层筛 网扣在下层筛网上, 固定单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种;
[0045] (4) 将固定单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种的双层筛网铺设于过水通道中, 在养殖过 程中, 调整双层筛网的高度, 长茎葡萄蕨藻顶端与水面距离保持在 15-20cm之间 [0046] (5) 殖过程中的光照强度控制为 4000-6000 lx; 光照周期为不间断光照 12h后 不间断黑暗 12h; 养殖水温控制在 26-28°C。
[0047] 实施例 3:
[0048] 一种长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置, 其特征在于: 包括支架 1、 养殖盒 3、 多组光源 2和托架 6; 所述的支架 1通过层板 4分有多层放置空间。 所述的养殖盒 3 为上方敞口盒状, 每层放置空间内设置一个养殖盒 3。 每组光源 2安设在每层养 殖盒 3的上方, 向养殖盒 3提供光照。 所述的光源 2包括固定板和 LED灯; 所述的 固定板为透明的弧形板; 所述的 LED灯排列安装于固定板上。 所述的托架 6安装 于支架 1的下方。 托架 6下方设有万向轮 7; 所述的万向轮 7对称安装在托架 6的下 表面。 万向轮 7上还设有刹车板 8。 可对该立式多层养殖装置可以进行整体移动
[0049] 所述的养殖盒 3包括盒体、 若干块挡水板 10和溢流式下液管 5; 所述的挡水板 10 的长度小于盒体的宽度, 与盒体的侧壁存在缺口, 形成过水口; 所述的挡水板 1 0平行间隔交错安装在盒体内, 将盒体隔为多级过水通道; 在最后一级过水通道 内设有溢流式下液管 5; 所述的溢流式下液管 5伸至位于下层的养殖盒 3的上方。 所述的养殖盒 3内设有双层筛网 11, 双层筛网 11铺设于过水通道内。
[0050] 利用该长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置的养殖方法, 主要包括以下步骤: [0051] (1) 在每层养殖盒的第一级过水通道内铺放贝壳粉、 珊瑚石、 火山石或其他 微量元素缓释性填料;
[0052] (2) 在最高层的养殖盒的入水口处不断注入鱼虾养殖废水, 鱼虾养殖废水的 盐度在 30%。-32%。之间; 所述的鱼虾养殖废水是经沉淀、 过滤去除掉不溶性颗粒 物处理过的;
[0053] (3) 在双层筛网的下层筛网上均匀平铺单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种, 再将上层筛 网扣在下层筛网上, 固定单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种;
[0054] (4) 将固定单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种的双层筛网铺设于过水通道中, 在养殖过 程中, 调整双层筛网的高度, 长茎葡萄蕨藻顶端与水面距离保持在 10-15cm之间 [0055] (5) 养殖过程中的光照强度控制为 6000-8000 lx; 光照周期为不间断光照 12h 后不间断黑暗 12h; 养殖水温控制在 28-30°C之间。
[0056] 实施例 4:
[0057] 利用如实施例 1所述的长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置的养殖方法, 主要包 括以下步骤:
[0058] ( 1) 在每层养殖盒的第一级过水通道内铺放贝壳粉、 珊瑚石、 火山石或其他 微量元素缓释性填料;
[0059] (2) 在最高层的养殖盒的入水口处不断注入鱼虾养殖废水, 鱼虾养殖废水的 盐度在 28%。-30%。之间; 所述的鱼虾养殖废水是经沉淀、 过滤去除掉不溶性颗粒 物处理过的;
[0060] (3) 在双层筛网的下层筛网上均匀平铺单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种, 再将上层筛 网扣在下层筛网上, 固定单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种;
[0061] (4) 将固定单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种的双层筛网铺设于过水通道中, 在养殖过 程中, 调整双层筛网的高度, 长茎葡萄蕨藻顶端与水面距离保持在 6-lOcm之间
[0062] (5) 养殖过程中的光照强度控制为 3000-5000 lx; 光照周期为不间断光照 12h 后不间断黑暗 12h; 养殖水温控制在 22-25°C之间。
[0063] 实施例 5:
[0064] 一种长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置, 其特征在于: 包括支架 1、 养殖盒 3、 多组光源 2和托架 6; 所述的支架 1通过层板 4分有多层放置空间。 所述的养殖盒 3 为上方敞口盒状, 每层放置空间内设置一个养殖盒 3。 每组光源 2安设在每层养 殖盒 3的上方, 向养殖盒 3提供光照。 所述的光源 2包括固定板和白炽灯; 所述的 固定板为透明的弧形板; 所述的白炽灯排列安装于固定板上。 所述的托架 6安装 于支架 1的下方。 托架 6下方设有万向轮 7 ; 所述的万向轮 7对称安装在托架 6的下 表面。 万向轮 7上还设有刹车板 8。 位于托架 6后端的一对万向轮为驱动轮, 另外 一对为从动轮。 所述的托架 6上还设有齿轮组 9; 所述的齿轮组 6通过常规的传动 机构与驱动轮连接, 并可以驱使驱动轮运动; 所述的齿轮组 9可以通过摇杆驱动 , 也可以通过马达驱动。 通过手摇杆或者马达的常规驱动方式驱动托架, 从而 可对该立式多层养殖装置可以进行整体移动。
所述的养殖盒 3包括盒体、 若干块挡水板 10和溢流式下液管 5; 所述的挡水板 10 的长度小于盒体的宽度, 与盒体的侧壁存在缺口, 形成过水口; 所述的挡水板 1 0平行间隔交错安装在盒体内, 将盒体隔为多级过水通道; 在最后一级过水通道 内设有溢流式下液管 5; 所述的溢流式下液管 5伸至位于下层的养殖盒 3的上方。 所述的养殖盒 3内设有双层筛网 11, 双层筛网 11铺设于过水通道内。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置, 其特征在于: 包括支架 (1
) 、 养殖盒 (3) 、 多组光源 (2) 和托架 (6) ; 所述的支架 (1) 通 过层板 (4) 分有多层放置空间; 所述的养殖盒 (3) 为上方敞口盒状 , 每层放置空间内设置一个养殖盒 (3) ; 每组光源 (2) 安设在每层 养殖盒 (3) 的上方, 向养殖盒 (3) 提供光照; 所述的养殖盒 (3) 内设有双层筛网 (11) ; 所述的托架 (6) 安装于支架 (1) 的下方。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置, 其特征在 于: 所述的养殖盒 (3) 包括盒体、 若干块挡水板 (10) 和溢流式下 液管 (5) ; 所述的挡水板 (10) 的长度小于盒体的宽度, 与盒体的 侧壁存在缺口, 形成过水口; 所述的挡水板 (10) 平行间隔交错安装 在盒体内, 将盒体隔为多级过水通道; 在最后一级过水通道内设有溢 流式下液管 (5) ; 所述的溢流式下液管 (5) 伸至位于下层的养殖盒 (3) 的上方。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 2所述的长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置, 其特征在 于: 所述的双层筛网 (11) 铺设于过水通道内。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置, 其特征在 于: 所述的光源 (2) 包括固定板和人工光源; 所述的固定板为透明 的弧形板; 所述的人工光源排列安装于固定板上。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置, 其特征在 于: 所述的托架 (6) 下方设有万向轮 (7) ; 所述的万向轮 (7) 对 称安装在托架 (6) 的下表面。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 5所述的长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置, 其特征在 于: 所述的万向轮 (7) 上还设有刹车板 (8) 。
[权利要求 7] —种利用以上任一所述的长茎葡萄蕨藻的立式多层养殖装置的养殖方 法, 其特征在于: 主要包括以下步骤:
( 1) 在每层养殖盒的第一级过水通道内铺放贝壳粉、 珊瑚石、 火山 石或其他微量元素缓释性填料; (2) 在最高层的养殖盒的入水口处不断注入鱼虾养殖废水, 鱼虾养 殖废水的盐度在 28%。-32%。之间;
(3) 在双层筛网的下层筛网上均匀平铺单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种, 再 将上层筛网扣在下层筛网上, 固定单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种;
(4) 将固定单层长茎葡萄蕨藻藻种的双层筛网铺设于过水通道中, 在养殖过程中, 调整双层筛网的高度, 长茎葡萄蕨藻顶端与水面距离 保持在 1 -20cm之间;
(5) 养殖过程中的光照强度控制为 3000-8000 lx; 光照周期为不间断 光照 12h后不间断黑暗 12h; 养殖水温控制在 18-32°C之间。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 7所述的养殖方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (2) 所述的鱼虾 养殖废水是经沉淀、 过滤去除掉不溶性颗粒物处理过的。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 7所述的养殖方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (5) 所述的养殖 水温为 24-28°C。
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