WO2019008681A1 - 二次電池及び二次電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
二次電池及び二次電池の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019008681A1 WO2019008681A1 PCT/JP2017/024542 JP2017024542W WO2019008681A1 WO 2019008681 A1 WO2019008681 A1 WO 2019008681A1 JP 2017024542 W JP2017024542 W JP 2017024542W WO 2019008681 A1 WO2019008681 A1 WO 2019008681A1
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- negative electrode
- positive electrode
- secondary battery
- complex
- metal element
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/04—Hybrid capacitors
- H01G11/06—Hybrid capacitors with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/48—Conductive polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/50—Electrodes characterised by their material specially adapted for lithium-ion capacitors, e.g. for lithium-doping or for intercalation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a secondary battery and a method of manufacturing the same, and a secondary battery using an organometallic complex for an electrode and a method of manufacturing the same.
- Electrode-based batteries alkaline storage batteries, organic electrolyte batteries, and batteries for power are conventionally known as secondary batteries that can be repeatedly used by charging.
- nickel metal hydride batteries are used as alkaline storage batteries
- lithium ion batteries are manufactured and sold as organic electrolyte batteries, and are widely used in the world.
- charge and discharge are performed using the chemical reaction of the positive electrode and the negative electrode itself.
- redox flow batteries In recent years, production and research and development of redox flow batteries have been carried out as equalization of power demand fluctuation, equalization of natural energy generation, and large-sized storage battery as backup power source at the time of blackout (for example, see Patent Document 1) ).
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode themselves do not react chemically, and charge and discharge are performed using the change in the valence of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material.
- a vanadium-based metal ion having a valence of II to V is used as a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material, and a pump has a structure in which the active material and the electrolyte are circulated. It is done.
- the battery capacity can be increased simply by adding a tank for storing the active material and the electrolytic solution, and since the electrolytic solution hardly changes, it can be used for a long time.
- the redox flow battery has a problem that the battery itself becomes large due to a tank for storing the active material and the electrolytic solution and a pump for circulating these, and it is difficult to easily carry it.
- the electrolyte solution of a redox flow battery does not change easily, depending on the installation conditions of the said battery, there is a possibility that an electrolyte solution may deteriorate and it may be impossible to use semipermanently.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the object of the present invention is to equalize fluctuations in power demand, equalize natural energy generation, and be used semipermanently as a backup power supply at the time of a power failure, Another object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery which can be easily carried and a method of manufacturing the same.
- a secondary battery according to the present invention is a secondary battery used repeatedly for charging and discharging, and includes a structure in which a metal element having a plurality of valences is bonded to an organic compound.
- the average valence of the metal element decreases, and in the negative electrode complex film, the average valence of the metal element decreases as the secondary battery is charged, and the discharge of the metal element occurs as the secondary battery is discharged.
- the average valence is to go up.
- a method of manufacturing a secondary battery according to the present invention is a method of manufacturing a secondary battery that is used repeatedly by charging and discharging, and a metal element having a plurality of valences in an organic compound And preparing a positive electrode complex film comprising the organic metal complex for the positive electrode, and a complex preparation step of preparing an organic metal complex for the positive electrode and an organic metal complex for the negative electrode, A step of stacking a negative electrode complex film composed of a complex on a negative electrode current collector, the positive electrode current collector in a state in which the positive electrode complex film is stacked, and the negative electrode current collector in a state in which the negative electrode complex film is stacked And a sealing step of sealing the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector, which are pressure-bonded through the separator, with a package body, and a heat pressing step in which a separator is disposed to perform heat pressure bonding.
- the complex In the preparation step, the average valence of the metal element in the positive electrode complex film increases as the secondary battery is charged, and the average atom of the metal element in the positive electrode complex film as the secondary battery is discharged And the average valence of the metal element in the negative electrode complex film is lowered as the secondary battery is charged, and the negative electrode is discharged as the secondary battery is discharged.
- the metal element is selected so as to increase the average valence of the metal element in the complex film.
- a secondary battery which can be used semi-permanently as a backup power source during equalization of power demand fluctuation, equalization of natural energy generation, and power failure, and a method of manufacturing the same. be able to.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic internal block diagram of the secondary battery 10 which concerns on a present Example.
- the secondary battery 10 has a structure entirely covered by an insulating film 11 functioning as a package body, and from the insulating film 11, the positive electrode lead wire 12 and the negative electrode lead wire 13 are secondary. It is pulled out of the battery 10. That is, in the secondary battery 10, a battery internal structure to be described later is sealed by the insulating film 11, and is sealed to the battery internal structure sealed via the positive electrode lead wire 12 and the negative electrode lead wire 13. The charging and discharging from the battery internals will take place.
- a positive electrode 16 is constituted by a positive electrode complex film 14 which is a positive electrode complex film, a positive electrode current collector 15, and a positive electrode lead wire 12.
- the film 17, the negative electrode current collector 18, and the negative electrode lead wire 13 constitute a negative electrode 19. More specifically, the materials are stacked in the order of the positive electrode complex film 14, the positive electrode current collector 15, and the positive electrode lead wire 12 to constitute one positive electrode 16. Similarly, the respective materials are stacked in the order of the negative electrode complex film 17, the negative electrode current collector 18, and the negative electrode lead wire 13 to constitute one negative electrode 19.
- the positive electrode 16 and the negative electrode 19 are disposed to face each other via the separator 21.
- the battery internal structure 22 which consists of the positive electrode 16, the negative electrode 19, and the separator 21 is formed.
- the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment includes the positive electrode 16, the negative electrode 19, the separator 21 electrically separated with both electrodes facing each other, and covers most of these members and a part of both lead wires. And the insulating film 11 which exposes only. That is, the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment adopts a structure not containing an electrolytic solution, and includes a conventionally known secondary battery (a lead-based battery, an alkaline storage battery, an organic electrolytic solution battery, and The structure and principle are different from the redox flow battery). In addition, in the secondary battery 10 according to this example, the positive electrode complex film 14 and the negative electrode complex film 17 are used as the active material.
- the insulating film 11 in the secondary battery 10 for example, a laminate film used for a general secondary battery can be used. That is, as the insulating film 11, it is possible to use a laminated film obtained by laminating a plurality of resin films such as polypropylene on aluminum foil.
- the separator 21 for example, a cellulose acetate film having a thickness of about 15 ⁇ m can be used.
- the configurations and materials of insulating film 11 and separator 21 may adopt other configurations and materials used for a general secondary battery.
- the positive electrode lead wire 12 of the positive electrode 16 and the negative electrode lead wire 13 of the negative electrode 19 of the negative electrode 19 for example, a metal thin film of relatively high electric conductivity such as copper or aluminum can be used. Further, for example, copper can be used as the positive electrode current collector 15 of the positive electrode 16, and aluminum can be used as the negative electrode current collector 18 of the negative electrode 19, for example.
- the material of the said component of the positive electrode 16 and the negative electrode 19 is not limited to what was mentioned above, According to the characteristic and specification which are requested
- 16 positive electrode complex films 14 of a positive electrode are comprised from the organometallic complex for positive electrodes containing the structure which couple
- the negative electrode complex film 17 of the negative electrode 19 is composed of an organic metal complex for a negative electrode including a structure in which metal elements having a plurality of valences are bonded to an organic compound.
- a material in which a transition metal atom is immobilized on an organic polymer having a structure in which cyclic polypeptides are laminated in a disc shape ie, polymerized (L lactide derivative) prepared and processed as a film having a thickness of about 100 ⁇ m.
- polymerized (L lactide derivative) prepared and processed as a film having a thickness of about 100 ⁇ m.
- the polymerized L lactide derivative which is a material of the positive electrode complex film 14 and the negative electrode complex film 17 has a structure having the following chemical formula (1) or (2) as a structural unit.
- R1 and R2 each have a structure containing a metal element, and may be the same as or different from each other.
- R 5 is a structure containing a metal element.
- m represents the number of repetitions.
- R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 have a structure containing a metal element, and may be the same as or different from each other.
- R 5 is a structure containing a metal element.
- n represents the number of repetitions.
- R1 to R5 in the above chemical formulas (1) and (2) are preferably a structure containing vanadium (element symbol: V).
- vanadium is a transition metal having a valence of II to V, has a potential determined by the oxidation number, and is a preferable metal element for causing the secondary battery 10 to function. Therefore, in the present embodiment, vanadium, which is a transition metal, is used as a constituent material of the positive electrode complex film 14 and the negative electrode complex film 17.
- the positive electrode complex film 14 of the positive electrode 16 is manufactured as a complex in which vanadium is valent
- the negative electrode complex film 17 of the negative electrode 19 is manufactured as a complex in which vanadium is trivalent.
- metal elements having a plurality of valences can be used, and, for example, nickel, iron, aluminum, titanium, cerium, silicon (silicon), zircon (zirconium), Any one of elements selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, manganese, chromium, cobalt, platinum, thorium, palladium and tin can be selected.
- metal materials to be combined with organic polymers vanadium, nickel, iron, aluminum, titanium, cerium, silicon (silicon), zircon (zirconium), ruthenium, manganese, chromium, cobalt, platinum, thorium, palladium and tin It is also possible to select one containing a plurality of elements selected from the group consisting of Furthermore, the metal elements used for the positive electrode complex film 14 and the negative electrode complex film 17 do not have to be the same element, and different metal elements can also be used for the complex film of each electrode.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a spherical capacitor formed of metal atoms in each complex film
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3 for one metal atom.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view for explaining charge and discharge of the secondary battery according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the energy state of the secondary battery according to this example.
- Ce is an actual capacitance
- Eo is a voltage between metal atoms in each complex film.
- Cp the metal atomic voltage
- Ce Ce between Cp and Ce
- Eo Ec
- the number of metal atoms gradually increases by one (that is, oxidation occurs), and at the negative electrode 19 at the time of charge Decreases by one (ie, reduction occurs), and the number of metal atoms gradually increases.
- the number of metal atoms whose valence decreases by one that is, reduction occurs
- the negative electrode 19 at the time of discharge the valence increases by one (that is, The number of metal atoms increases gradually as oxidation occurs.
- the average valence of the metal element increases as the secondary battery 10 is charged, and the average valence of the metal element decreases as the secondary battery 10 is discharged. become.
- the average valence of the metal element decreases as the secondary battery 10 is charged, and the average valence of the metal element increases as the secondary battery 10 is discharged.
- the secondary battery 10 As described above, in the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment, a current flows due to the accumulation and transfer of the charge Qs in each complex film, and the terminal voltage Eo is observed as an electromotive force from the outside (each electrode) become. Then, when the valences of all the metal atoms in each of the complex films have been changed, charging or discharging will end.
- the energy of each state is shown as shown in FIG.
- the voltage applied between the electrodes during charging (charging voltage: EC) needs to be higher than the barrier voltage Es, and the voltage obtained by adding the barrier voltage EsP of the positive electrode 16 and the barrier voltage EsN of the negative electrode 19 is It becomes an electromotive force.
- the charging voltage EC can be 1.2 times the barrier voltage Es.
- the electromotive force of the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment is expressed by the following equation (5).
- the charging voltage of the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment is expressed by the following equation (6).
- the valence of the metal element changes in each complex film, but this can be reworded as the following reaction occurring in each electrode.
- the change of the valence of the metal element is the same as the change of the oxidation number of the metal element.
- the metal element vanadium in the negative electrode 19 in the discharged state of the secondary battery 10 has a valence of III and is provided with three bonding hands, and the first bonding hand of the vanadium is bonded to nitrogen, and the second bonding is performed. The hand is bonded to hydrogen and the third bond is to carbon.
- vanadium at the negative electrode 19 lowers in valence to II. For this reason, the number of vanadium bonds is reduced by one and hydrogen is released. Then, hydrogen separated from vanadium is absorbed by the organic compound constituting the negative electrode complex film 17.
- the negative electrode 19 is considered to be hydrolyzed and the molecular weight is considered to be low.
- the organic compound that absorbs hydrogen separated from vanadium is PLA described later, which is a raw material of the polymerized L lactide derivative.
- vanadium which is a metal element in the positive electrode 16 of the discharge state of the secondary battery 10 has IV value and has four bonding hands
- vanadium which is a metal element in the positive electrode 16 of the charge state of the secondary battery 10 Has a V value, and the number of bonds increases by one to five.
- one increased bond of vanadium is to be combined with excess hydrogen in the state of OH in the organic compound constituting the positive electrode complex film 14, and the molecular weight is It is considered to be higher.
- the organic compound having hydrogen remaining in the OH state is PLA, which will be described later, which is a raw material of the polymerized L lactide derivative.
- vanadium which is a metal element in the positive electrode 16 in the charged state of the secondary battery 10 is V-valent and has five bonds
- vanadium which is the metal element in the positive electrode 16 in the discharged state of the secondary battery 10 is IV
- the bond value is reduced by one to four.
- hydrogen is separated from vanadium and absorbed by the organic compound constituting the positive electrode complex film 14. That is, when the secondary battery 10 is discharged, the positive electrode 16 is considered to be hydrolyzed, and the molecular weight is considered to be low.
- vanadium which is a metal element in the charged negative electrode 19 of the secondary battery 10 has a valence of II and is provided with two bonding hands
- vanadium which is a metallic element in the discharged negative electrode 19 of the secondary battery 10 Has a value of III, and the number of bonds increases by one to three.
- one increased bond of vanadium is to be combined with excess hydrogen in the state of OH in the organic compound constituting the negative electrode complex film 17, and the molecular weight is It is considered to be higher.
- the secondary battery 10 when the secondary battery 10 is charged and discharged, oxidation / reduction reaction occurs in each electrode, but hydrogen separated from the metal element in one electrode does not move to the other electrode, and the one electrode It will be absorbed within. That is, unlike the redox flow battery, the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment does not move hydrogen generated at one electrode to the other electrode.
- the positive electrode complex film 14 and the negative electrode complex film 17 were formed from the polymerized L lactide derivative, the organic metal complex which can be charged and discharged by the above-described charge accumulation and transfer action is described. If it exists, it can be used as a material of each complex film as an active material.
- FIG. 7 is a process flow diagram until the production of a polymerized L lactide derivative.
- FIG. 8 is a process flow diagram of a method of manufacturing a secondary battery according to this example.
- the positive electrode complex film 14 and the negative electrode complex film 17 are prepared. Specifically, through the steps shown in FIG. 7, a polymerized L lactide derivative is prepared.
- polylactic acid as a raw material will be prepared. Specifically, a plant-derived carbohydrate (such as starch) and water are mixed to hydrate the carbohydrate, which is then heated to gelatinize. Furthermore, for example, 0.1 wt% to 1.0 wt% of lactic acid is added and liquefied by cooking at 110 ° C. to 130 ° C. A liquefied starch is allowed to act as a saccharifying enzyme such as amylase to monosacify it.
- a saccharifying enzyme such as amylase to monosacify it.
- This saccharified liquid sugar is mixed with sodium chloride, manganese sulfate, ammonium phosphate, skimmed milk powder, soy milk, waste molasses, surfactant and the like, and this is fermented by causing plant lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus Plantarm to act on it to cause lactic acid obtain.
- plant lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus Plantarm
- the lactic acid produced is extracted and purified as lactate according to known suitable formulations.
- the purified lactic acid is heated to condensation polymerization to form polylactic acid (PLA).
- generating polylactic acid is not limited to what was mentioned above, You may prepare by a well-known manufacturing method. Moreover, you may purchase the well-known polylactic acid marketed.
- the prepared polylactic acid having a constant molecular weight is used as a raw material (PLA raw material) and supplied to a reaction vessel.
- the molecular weight of the PLA raw material is preferably 2,000 Daltons (Da) to 20,000 Daltons (Da) as a weight average molecular weight, and more preferably 5,000 Daltons (Da) to 10,000 Daltons (Da) It is preferred to have a weight average molecular weight in the range of Da).
- the performance of the finally obtained polymerized L lactide derivative can be controlled or adapted to the object of the present invention.
- the first additive is then added to the reaction vessel.
- polyglycolic acid ((C 2 H 2 O 2 ) n, n is an integer of 2 or more.)
- lactide C 6 H 8 O 4, L form is preferred. ).
- the addition amount of polyglycolic acid is preferably 5 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PLA raw material.
- the addition amount of lactide is preferably 10 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PLA raw material.
- lactide can be used as it is when it is produced in the process of producing the PLA raw material, or it may be obtained by hydrolyzing the PLA raw material with an alkali such as sodium hydroxide or methoxy.
- lactide obtained by hydrolyzing the PLA raw material with an alkali such as sodium hydroxide or methoxy coexist with polylactic acid which is the remaining PLA raw material
- ring-opening polymerization of the lactide derivative obtained in the later step is carried out It is preferable because it is possible to efficiently obtain a polymerized L lactide derivative and to expect an increase in yield.
- the vessel is preferably heated and stirred to thoroughly mix the PLA raw material and the first additive.
- the first catalyst is added while heating and stirring the PLA raw material and the first additive.
- a nitrogen-containing metal compound is preferable.
- the nitrogen-containing metal compound contains nitrogen in the molecule and is composed of vanadium, nickel, iron, aluminum, titanium, cerium, silicon, zirconium, ruthenium, manganese, chromium, cobalt, platinum, thorium, palladium and tin.
- element (metal) compounds or oxides selected from the group can be used.
- vanadium is preferable as the metal, and ammonium vanadate is more preferably used.
- the addition amount is preferably 0.1 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of PLA (polylactic acid) raw material.
- a second catalyst can also be added.
- the second catalyst is preferably a metal compound.
- the addition amount is preferably 0.1 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PLA raw material.
- a metal oxide to be added as required it is selected from the group consisting of vanadium, nickel, iron, aluminum, titanium, cerium, silicon, zirconium, ruthenium, manganese, chromium, cobalt, platinum, thorium, palladium and tin
- An oxide of one or more elements (metals) can be used.
- vanadium is preferable as the metal, and vanadium oxide is further preferably used.
- ammonium vanadate is used as the first additive and vanadium oxide is used as the second additive.
- vanadium of each additive is used.
- the valence of vanadium of each additive is considered to be III.
- the process up to the addition of the second catalyst is preferably performed under reduced pressure, for example, 0.1 atm to 0.5 atm. Further, as described later, since it may be preferable to carry out in a post-process under pressurized conditions, it is preferable that the container used be a sealable container which can be set under reduced pressure conditions and pressurized conditions.
- the second additive is added to the reaction vessel.
- the additive used here is a nitrogen-containing compound represented by an amino acid such as serine (C 3 H 7 NO 3 ).
- the addition amount of the nitrogen-containing compound is preferably 5 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PLA raw material.
- the wavelength is not particularly limited as long as the L lactide derivative targeted by the present invention can be subjected to ring-opening polymerization, but a 2.45 GHz electromagnetic wave that can be legally compatible at the time of filing the present invention is used. Can be illustrated.
- the intensity of the electromagnetic wave used and the irradiation time may be appropriately selected from the range that can be adapted to the object of the present invention.
- the third additive is added to the reaction vessel while the contents in the reaction vessel are heated and stirred.
- the third additive used here is a hydrocarbon-based alcohol such as dodecyl alcohol, preferably an alkyl alcohol and an alkyl acid metal salt such as cerium acetate.
- the addition amount of the hydrocarbon-based alcohol is preferably 0.1 part by weight to 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PLA raw material.
- the addition amount of the metal salt of alkyl acid is preferably 0.1 part by weight to 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PLA raw material.
- reaction vessel is preferably allowed to stand and be heated under reduced pressure, for example, 0.1 atm to 0.5 atm. This can terminate the reaction.
- step S1 the process from preparation of the polylactic acid which is a raw material to obtaining the said L-lactide derivative
- polymerized is called a complex preparatory process (FIG. 7: step S1).
- the average valence of the metal element in the positive electrode complex film 14 increases, and the secondary battery 10 A metal element is selected such that the average valence of the metal element in the positive electrode complex film 14 is lowered as it is discharged. Also, the average valence of the metal element in the negative electrode complex film 17 decreases as the secondary battery 10 is charged, and the average valence of the metal element in the negative electrode complex film 17 increases as the secondary battery 10 is discharged. The metal element will be selected.
- the positive electrode complex film 14 is made of an organometallic complex in which vanadium has a IV value.
- the negative electrode complex film 17 is composed of an organometallic complex in which vanadium has a trivalent value.
- the step of forming the positive electrode complex film 14 and the negative electrode complex film 17 from the polymerized L lactide derivative is referred to as a film forming step or a complex film forming step (FIG. 7: step S2).
- the positive electrode complex film 14 is attached to the positive electrode current collector 15 made of a copper plate.
- the negative electrode complex film 17 is attached to the negative electrode current collector 18 made of an aluminum plate.
- the positive electrode complex film 14 positive electrode complex film
- the negative electrode complex film 17 negative electrode complex film
- the step of attaching the complex film to such a current collector is referred to as a laminating step (FIG. 7: step S3).
- the polymerised L lactide derivative obtained by the complex preparation step may be directly coated on the positive electrode current collector 15 and the negative electrode current collector 18 without forming a film, or it is polymerized.
- Another resin material or the like may be mixed with the L lactide derivative and applied to the positive electrode current collector 15 and the negative electrode current collector 18. That is, the positive electrode current collector 15 and the negative electrode current collector 18 may each be subjected to a laminating step of laminating a positive electrode complex film and a negative electrode complex film made of a polymerized L lactide derivative.
- Step S4 in FIG. That is, the separator 21 is disposed between the positive electrode complex film 14 and the negative electrode complex film 17 and subjected to a heating pressure treatment, and these members are pressure-bonded.
- the material in a pressure-bonded and laminated state is cut and molded into a predetermined size.
- the positive electrode lead wire 12 is attached to the positive electrode current collector 15 in a state of being cut and molded into a predetermined dimension
- the negative electrode lead wire 13 is attached to the negative electrode current collector 18.
- the positive electrode 16, the negative electrode 19, and the separator 21 are coated so that only a part of the positive electrode lead wire 12 and the negative electrode lead wire 13 is exposed by the prepared bag-like insulating film 11. That is, the positive electrode 16, the negative electrode 19 and the separator 21 are sealed in the bag-like insulating film 11.
- the opening portion of the bag-shaped insulating film 11 is vacuum-sealed using a heat sealing apparatus to seal the secondary battery 10 (sealing process: step S5 in FIG. 7).
- step S6 an aging process of activating the positive electrode complex film 14 and the negative electrode complex film 17 by repeating charge and discharge is performed. For example, charging and discharging with one cycle of low current charging, low current discharging, medium current charging, medium current discharging, high current charging, and high current discharging are repeated three times, and finally full charging is performed with a low current.
- the low current, the medium current, and the high current relatively determine the amount of current in one cycle, and the specific values are the dimensions of the manufactured secondary battery 10, the required characteristics It will be decided appropriately according to Since the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment performs charge and discharge by the redox reaction in the positive electrode complex film 14 and the negative electrode complex film 17, such an aging process is required before general use of the secondary battery 10. Become. The aging process may be performed by a purchaser of the secondary battery 10, but may be performed as part of a process of manufacturing the secondary battery 10.
- the secondary battery 10 As described above, in the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment, charge and discharge can be performed by the charge storage and transfer action of each complex film functioning as an active material, and the battery functions as a chargeable and dischargeable battery even without an electrolytic solution. It will be. Also, there is no need to provide a tank and pump such as a redox flow battery. Therefore, since the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment can be easily miniaturized, it can be easily carried. Since a plurality of secondary batteries 10 can be connected to easily achieve large capacity, it can be used semi-permanently as equalization of power demand fluctuation, equalization of natural energy generation, and backup power supply at the time of a power failure. . Even if such a capacity increase is performed, since one secondary battery 10 is small, the size reduction of the large capacity composite battery can be easily achieved.
- the polymerized L lactide derivative used in the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment exhibits the same excellent function as plastic, and is a material having flame retardancy but containing no harmful substance.
- the secondary battery 10 has excellent safety characteristics that can reduce harmful substances while providing flame retardancy.
- the raw material of the polymerized L lactide derivative is starch, the secondary battery 10 can also achieve cost reduction as compared with other known secondary batteries.
- the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment has high charge / discharge efficiency, 3.5 times the endurance cycle, and no memory effect as compared with the lithium ion secondary battery. I understand. That is, it was found that the secondary battery 10 according to the present example had improved deterioration characteristics due to use as compared with the lithium ion secondary battery.
- the secondary battery 10 according to the present example has a reduced self-discharge rate and an excellent charge rate as compared with the lithium ion secondary battery.
- the self-discharge rate of the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment is about 0.1%, it was found that it is also suitable for long-term storage and long-term use.
- the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment has a wider range of storage temperature and operating temperature than the lithium ion secondary battery, and can be used in various environmental conditions.
- the secondary battery 10 since it can be used even in a relatively high temperature environment, for example, it can be provided close to a solar panel such as a roof.
- the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment does not cause a failure due to overcharge / overdischarge, bleeding of toxic liquid at the time of failure, and ignition due to heat generation which are concerned in lithium ion secondary batteries. .
- the secondary battery according to the first aspect of the present invention is a secondary battery which is repeatedly used for charging and discharging, and a metal element having a plurality of valences in an organic compound is used.
- the average valence of the metal element decreases as it is carried out, and the average valence of the metal element decreases as the secondary battery is charged in the negative electrode complex film, and the metal element decreases as the secondary battery is discharged.
- the average valence of is to go up.
- the positive electrode complex film and the negative electrode complex film function as an active material, and charge and discharge can be performed by the charge storage and transfer action in the positive electrode complex film and the negative electrode complex film. Therefore, the secondary battery functions as a chargeable / dischargeable battery even without the electrolytic solution. Moreover, in the secondary battery according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a tank and a pump such as a redox flow battery. Therefore, since the secondary battery can be easily miniaturized, it can be easily carried.
- the organic metal complex for positive electrode and the organic metal complex for negative electrode are a polymerized L lactide derivative, and the positive electrode complex
- the valence of the metal element in the film is different from the valence of the metal element in the negative electrode complex film.
- the polymerized L lactide derivative exhibits the same excellent function as the plastic and is a material having flame retardancy but containing no harmful substance
- the secondary battery according to the second aspect is , It will be equipped with superior characteristics of safety that can reduce harmful substances while having flame retardancy.
- the raw material of the polymerized L lactide derivative is starch, the secondary battery according to the second aspect can also achieve cost reduction as compared with other known secondary batteries.
- the organic metal complex for positive electrode and the organic metal complex for negative electrode contain, as a metal, vanadium, nickel, iron, aluminum, Containing one or more elements selected from the group consisting of titanium, cerium, silicon (silicon), zircon (zirconium), ruthenium, manganese, chromium, cobalt, platinum, thorium, palladium and tin . Since these metal elements have a plurality of valences, they are preferable as a material which forms an organometallic complex by bonding with an organic compound.
- the organometallic complex for positive electrode and the organometallic complex for negative electrode contain metals different from each other.
- the choice of metal widens the selection range of materials for the organic metal complex for the positive electrode and the organic metal complex for the negative electrode, and while meeting the various specifications and requirements of the secondary battery, the cost of the secondary battery Can be reduced.
- the organic metal complex for positive electrode and the organic metal complex for negative electrode are structural units of the following chemical formula (7) It is to assume.
- R 1 and R 2 are structures containing a metal element, which may be the same or different from each other, R 5 is a structure containing a metal element, and m represents the number of repetitions.
- the organic metal complex for positive electrode and the organic metal complex for negative electrode are structural units of the following chemical formula (8) It is to assume.
- R 1 to R 4 are structures containing a metal element, which may be the same as or different from each other, R 5 is a structure containing a metal element, and n is a repetition number.
- each organometallic complex exhibits the same excellent function as plastic, and while having flame retardancy, does not contain harmful substances
- the secondary battery according to the fifth and sixth aspects is , It will be equipped with superior characteristics of safety that can reduce harmful substances while having flame retardancy.
- the secondary batteries according to the fifth and sixth aspects can also be reduced in cost as compared with other known secondary batteries. .
- a method of manufacturing a secondary battery according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a secondary battery repeatedly used for charging and discharging according to a seventh aspect of the present invention.
- Forming a positive electrode complex film comprising an organic metal complex for positive electrode and an organic metal complex for negative electrode having a structure in which a metal element having valence is bonded, and an organic metal complex for negative electrode;
- a laminating step of laminating a negative electrode complex film composed of the organic metal complex for negative electrode on a negative electrode current collector, the positive electrode current collector in a state where the positive electrode complex film is stacked, and the negative electrode complex film A heat pressing process for arranging a separator between the negative electrode current collector and performing heat pressure welding, and sealing the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector pressure-bonded through the separator with a package body Stop process and In the preparing step, the average valence of the metal element in the positive electrode complex film increases as the secondary battery is charged, and the metal element in the positive electrode complex film as the secondary battery
- the positive electrode complex film and the negative electrode complex film function as an active material, and charge and discharge are performed by the charge storage and transfer action in the positive electrode complex film and the negative electrode complex film. Is possible. Therefore, the secondary battery functions as a chargeable / dischargeable battery even without the electrolytic solution. Moreover, in the secondary battery according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a tank and a pump such as a redox flow battery. Therefore, since the secondary battery can be easily miniaturized, it can be easily carried.
- the organometallic complex for positive electrode and the organometallic complex for negative electrode are polymerized L lactide derivatives,
- the valence of the metal element in the positive electrode complex film and the valence of the metal element in the negative electrode complex film are different.
- the polymerized L lactide derivative exhibits the same excellent function as plastic, and is a material having flame retardancy but containing no harmful substance, so it is manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the eighth aspect.
- the secondary battery thus provided has excellent safety characteristics that can reduce harmful substances while having flame retardancy.
- the raw material of the polymerized L lactide derivative is starch, the cost of the secondary battery produced by the production method according to the eighth aspect is also reduced as compared with other known secondary batteries. Becomes possible.
- the organic metal complex for positive electrode and the organic metal complex for negative electrode contain vanadium, nickel, iron, as a metal. Containing any one or more elements selected from the group consisting of aluminum, titanium, cerium, silicon (silicon), zircon (zirconium), ruthenium, manganese, chromium, cobalt, platinum, thorium, palladium and tin It is. Since these metal elements have a plurality of valences, they are preferable as a material which forms an organometallic complex by bonding with an organic compound.
- the method of manufacturing a secondary battery according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the method according to the ninth aspect, wherein the organometallic complex for positive electrode and the organometallic complex for negative electrode contain mutually different metals.
- selection of metals broadens the selection of materials for the organic metal complex for the positive electrode and the organic metal complex for the negative electrode, and while meeting the various specifications and requirements of the secondary battery, manufacturing of the secondary battery Cost can be reduced.
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Abstract
Description
以下において、図1及び図2を参照しつつ、本実施例に係る二次電池10の構造について説明する。ここで、図1は、本実施例に係る二次電池10の平面図である。また、図2は、本実施例に係る二次電池10の概略内部構成図である。
Qs=Cp・Ec (3)
Qs=Ce・Eo (4)
起電力:Eo=EsP+EsN=0.9V+0.3V=1.2V (5)
一方、本実施例に係る二次電池10の充電電圧は以下の数式(6)で示される。
充電電圧:EC=1.2Eo=1.44V (6)
上述した目的を達成するため、本発明の第1の態様に係る二次電池は、充電及び放電を繰り返して使用される二次電池であって、有機化合物に複数の原子価を有する金属元素を結合した構造を含む正極用有機金属錯体からなる正極錯体膜を、正極集電体に積層した構造を備える正極と、有機化合物に複数の原子価を有する金属元素を結合した構造を含む負極用有機金属錯体からなる負極錯体膜を、負極集電体に積層した構造を備える負極と、前記正極及び前記負極を電気的に分離するセパレータと、前記正極及び前記負極の一部を露出しつつ、前記正極、前記負極、及び前記セパレータを封止するパッケージ体と、を有し、前記正極錯体膜において、前記二次電池が充電されるにつれて前記金属元素の平均原子価が上がり、前記二次電池が放電されるにつれて前記金属元素の平均原子価が下がり、前記負極錯体膜において、前記二次電池が充電されるにつれて前記金属元素の平均原子価が下がり、前記二次電池が放電されるにつれて前記金属元素の平均原子価が上がることである。
11 絶縁フィルム(パッケージ体)
12 正極引出線
13 負極引出線
14 正極錯体フィルム(正極錯体膜)
15 正極集電体
16 正極
17 負極錯体フィルム(負極錯体膜)
18 負極集電体
19 負極
21 セパレータ
22 電池内部構造体
Claims (10)
- 充電及び放電を繰り返して使用される二次電池であって、
有機化合物に複数の原子価を有する金属元素を結合した構造を含む正極用有機金属錯体からなる正極錯体膜を、正極集電体に積層した構造を備える正極と、
有機化合物に複数の原子価を有する金属元素を結合した構造を含む負極用有機金属錯体からなる負極錯体膜を、負極集電体に積層した構造を備える負極と、
前記正極及び前記負極を電気的に分離するセパレータと、
前記正極及び前記負極の一部を露出しつつ、前記正極、前記負極、及び前記セパレータを封止するパッケージ体と、を有し、
前記正極錯体膜において、前記二次電池が充電されるにつれて前記金属元素の平均原子価が上がり、前記二次電池が放電されるにつれて前記金属元素の平均原子価が下がり、
前記負極錯体膜において、前記二次電池が充電されるにつれて前記金属元素の平均原子価が下がり、前記二次電池が放電されるにつれて前記金属元素の平均原子価が上がる二次電池。 - 前記正極用有機金属錯体及び前記負極用有機金属錯体は、高分子化されたLラクチド誘導体であり、
前記正極錯体膜における前記金属元素の原子価と前記負極錯体膜における前記金属元素の原子価とは異なる請求項1に記載の二次電池。 - 前記正極用有機金属錯体及び前記負極用有機金属錯体は、金属として、バナジウム、ニッケル、鉄、アルミニウム、チタン、セリウム、シリコン(ケイ素)、ジルコン(ジルコニウム)、ルテニウム、マンガン、クロム、コバルト、白金、トリウム、パラジウム及びスズからなる群から選ばれる元素のいずれか一つもしくは複数の元素を含む請求項1又は2に記載の二次電池。
- 前記正極用有機金属錯体及び前記負極用有機金属錯体は、互いに異なる金属を含む請求項3に記載の二次電池。
- 充電及び放電を繰り返して使用される二次電池の製造方法であって、
有機化合物に複数の原子価を有する金属元素を結合した構造を備える正極用有機金属錯体及び負極用有機金属錯体を準備する錯体準備工程と、
前記正極用有機金属錯体からなる正極錯体膜を正極集電体に積層し、前記負極用有機金属錯体からなる負極錯体膜を負極集電体に積層する積層工程と、
前記正極錯体膜が積層された状態の前記正極集電体と、前記負極錯体膜が積層された状態の前記負極集電体との間にセパレータを配置して加熱圧接を施す加熱圧接工程と、
前記セパレータを介して圧着された前記正極集電体及び前記負極集電体をパッケージ体によって封止する封止工程と、を有し、
前記錯体準備工程においては、前記二次電池が充電されるにつれて前記正極錯体膜における前記金属元素の平均原子価が上がり、且つ前記二次電池が放電されるにつれて前記正極錯体膜における前記金属元素の平均原子価が下がるような前記金属元素が選択されるとともに、前記二次電池が充電されるにつれて前記負極錯体膜における前記金属元素の平均原子価が下がり、且つ前記二次電池が放電されるにつれて前記負極錯体膜における前記金属元素の平均原子価が上がるような前記金属元素が選択される二次電池の製造方法。 - 前記正極用有機金属錯体及び前記負極用有機金属錯体は、高分子化されたLラクチド誘導体であり、
前記正極錯体膜における前記金属元素の原子価と前記負極錯体膜における前記金属元素の原子価とは異なる請求項7に記載の二次電池の製造方法。 - 前記正極用有機金属錯体及び前記負極用有機金属錯体は、金属として、バナジウム、ニッケル、鉄、アルミニウム、チタン、セリウム、シリコン(ケイ素)、ジルコン(ジルコニウム)、ルテニウム、マンガン、クロム、コバルト、白金、トリウム、パラジウム及びスズからなる群から選ばれる元素のいずれか一つもしくは複数の元素を含む請求項7又は8に記載の二次電池の製造方法。
- 前記正極用有機金属錯体及び前記負極用有機金属錯体は、互いに異なる金属を含む請求項9に記載の二次電池の製造方法。
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CN201780092828.6A CN110892574A (zh) | 2017-07-04 | 2017-07-04 | 二次电池和二次电池的制造方法 |
US16/629,016 US20200203760A1 (en) | 2017-07-04 | 2017-07-04 | Secondary battery and manufacturing method of secondary battery |
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